Tunnel blasting method and tunnel

Abstract

A tunnel blasting method and a tunnel. The tunnel blasting method comprises: providing a region to be blasted at a position of a tunnel face of a tunnel near the top of the tunnel, and dividing said region along a dividing plane into a first blasting zone and a second blasting zone that are arranged successively in the transverse direction; detonating the first blasting zone; dividing the second blasting zone into a plurality of blasting segments in the vertical direction; in each blasting segment, drilling a plurality of first blast holes at intervals in the extension direction thereof; setting one of the blasting segments located in the middle as an initial blasting segment, setting detonation times of the remaining blasting segments to be successively delayed in upward and downward directions respectively from the initial blasting segment, and setting detonation times of the plurality of the first blast holes in each blasting segment to be successively delayed in a first direction; on the basis of the detonation times of all of the blasting segments and the detonation times of all of the first blast holes, determining a detonation order; and successively detonating the first blast holes in the detonation order.

Description

Tunnel blasting methods and tunnels

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202510382461.8, filed on March 28, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of tunnel blasting technology, and in particular to a tunnel blasting method and a tunnel. Background Technology

[0004] As a crucial component of transportation and municipal infrastructure construction, the vibration issues generated during tunnel construction and operation have always been a focus of industry attention. With accelerated urbanization and the expansion of underground space development and utilization, the impact of tunnel construction on the surrounding environment is becoming increasingly significant. Furthermore, the vibrations generated by blasting during tunnel construction are substantial, causing considerable environmental impact. Especially when the tunnel cross-section is large, a larger amount of explosives is required for blasting, which generates even stronger vibrations, leading to a greater impact on the surrounding environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to propose a blasting method and a tunnel, aiming to solve the technical problem that the vibration generated by blasting during tunnel construction has a large impact on the surrounding environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a tunnel blasting method, the method comprising:

[0007] A blasting zone is set up at the tunnel face near the tunnel top, and the blasting zone is divided into a first blasting zone and a second blasting zone set up in sequence along the dividing surface.

[0008] Detonate the first blasting zone;

[0009] The second blasting zone is vertically divided into multiple blasting segments; wherein each blasting segment extends along a first direction to the outline of the tunnel, the first direction being a direction away from the dividing surface;

[0010] Multiple first blast holes are opened at intervals along the extension direction within each of the aforementioned blasting sections;

[0011] One of the blasting sections located in the middle is set as the initial blasting section, and the detonation time of the remaining blasting sections is set to be gradually delayed upward and downward from the initial blasting section, respectively. The detonation time of the multiple first blast holes in each of the detonation sections is set to be gradually delayed along the first direction.

[0012] The actual detonation time of all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone is determined based on the detonation time of all the blasting sections and the detonation time of all the first blast holes in each of the blasting sections.

[0013] Detonate all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone.

[0014] In one implementation,

[0015] The step of dividing the second blasting zone vertically into multiple blasting segments includes:

[0016] The second blasting zone is evenly divided vertically into multiple blasting segments;

[0017] The step of opening a plurality of first blast holes at intervals along the extension direction within each of the blasting sections includes:

[0018] Multiple first blast holes are opened along their extension direction within each blasting section, spaced at a predetermined distance from each other;

[0019] The steps of setting one of the blasting segments located in the middle as the initial blasting segment, setting the detonation time of the remaining blasting segments to be gradually delayed upwards and downwards respectively from the initial blasting segment, and setting the detonation time of the plurality of first boreholes in each of the detonation segments to be gradually delayed along the first direction include:

[0020] The blasting segment located in the middle is designated as the initial blasting segment. The detonation time of the remaining blasting segments is set to be gradually delayed upward and downward respectively from the initial blasting segment at a first interval. The detonation time of the multiple first blast holes in each detonation segment is set to be gradually delayed along the first direction at a second interval.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first interval time is determined based on the width of the blasting section, and the first interval time is directly proportional to the width of the blasting section; the second interval time is determined based on the preset distance, and the second interval time is directly proportional to the preset distance.

[0022] In one embodiment, the first interval is A, where 7ms ≤ A ≤ 10ms; the second interval is B, where 7ms ≤ B ≤ 10ms.

[0023] In one implementation,

[0024] Before the step of detonating all the first blast holes in the second blast zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blast zone, the method further includes:

[0025] All the first blast holes in the second blasting zone are sequentially numbered according to the order of their actual detonation times.

[0026] The detonation sequence is determined based on the serial numbers of all the first blast holes within the second blasting zone;

[0027] The step of detonating all the first blast holes in the second blast zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blast zone includes:

[0028] All the first boreholes in the second blasting zone are detonated according to the detonation sequence.

[0029] In one embodiment, the step of sequentially numbering all the first blast holes according to the order of their actual detonation times within the second blasting zone further includes:

[0030] Set the serial numbers of the first boreholes with the same actual detonation time to the same serial number.

[0031] In one embodiment, the inclination angle of the dividing surface is C, where 55°≤C≤60°.

[0032] In one embodiment, before the step of detonating all the first blast holes in the second blast zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blast zone, the method further includes:

[0033] Multiple second blast holes are opened at intervals along the outline of the tunnel at the outer edge of the second blasting zone;

[0034] The step of detonating all the first blast holes in the second blast zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blast zone includes:

[0035] All first blast holes in the second blasting zone are detonated according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all first blast holes in the second blasting zone, and all second blast holes are detonated; wherein the detonation time of each second blast hole is later than the actual detonation time of its adjacent first blast hole.

[0036] In one embodiment, the distance between any two adjacent second blast holes is less than the distance between any two adjacent first blast holes within each blasting section.

[0037] In one embodiment, the tunnel blasting method further includes:

[0038] Multiple first blast holes are uniformly opened at preset intervals within each of the blasting sections.

[0039] This application also proposes a tunnel, which is constructed by blasting using the aforementioned tunnel blasting method.

[0040] The technical solution of this application, by first detonating the initial blasting section located in the middle and then gradually delaying the detonation of the remaining blasting sections, allows the blasting energy to be released uniformly in the vertical direction, avoiding local energy concentration, effectively reducing the peak value of blasting vibration, and minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment. This reduces the energy transmitted to the stratum where the tunnel is located, thereby reducing the vibration caused by the blast. Furthermore, detonating the first boreholes in each blasting section from the first free face in a direction away from the first free face allows most of the energy generated by the blast to be gradually released towards the first free face, reducing the energy released to the stratum where the tunnel is located, thereby further reducing the vibration caused by the blast and minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the tunnel blasting method provided in this application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the area to be blasted in one embodiment of the tunnel blasting method provided in this application, as shown in Figure 1.

[0044] Figure 3 is a partial structural diagram of the area to be blasted in one embodiment of the tunnel blasting method provided in this application, as shown in Figure 1.

[0045] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0046] 100. Area to be blasted; 10. First blasting zone; 20. Second blasting zone; 21. Blasting section; 211. First blast hole; 22. Initial blasting section; 30. Dividing surface; 40. Second blast hole.

[0047] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0050] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0051] This application proposes a method for blasting tunnels.

[0052] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3. In one embodiment of this application, the blasting method for the tunnel includes:

[0053] Step S100: Set up a blasting area at the tunnel face near the tunnel top, and divide the blasting area into a first blasting area and a second blasting area set up in the transverse direction along the dividing surface.

[0054] Step S200: Detonate the first blast zone;

[0055] Step S300: Divide the second blasting zone vertically into multiple blasting segments; wherein each blasting segment extends along a first direction to the outline of the tunnel, the first direction being the direction away from the dividing surface;

[0056] Step S400: Multiple first blast holes are opened at intervals along the extension direction within each blasting section.

[0057] Step S500: Set one of the blasting sections in the middle as the initial blasting section, set the detonation time of the remaining blasting sections to be gradually delayed from the initial blasting section along the upward and downward directions respectively, and set the detonation time of the multiple first blast holes in each detonation section to be gradually delayed along the first direction.

[0058] Step S600: Determine the actual detonation time of all first blast holes in the second blasting zone based on the detonation time of all blasting sections and the detonation time of all first blast holes in each blasting section.

[0059] Step S700: Detonate all the first blast holes in the second blast zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blast zone.

[0060] The technical solution of this application first determines the area to be blasted 100 on the tunnel face, and divides the area to be blasted 100 into a first blasting zone 10 and a second blasting zone 20 arranged sequentially in the transverse direction along the dividing surface. The first blasting zone 10 is detonated using a conventional blasting method, such as slotting blasting. After the detonation of the first blasting zone 10, the side and bottom surfaces of the second blasting zone 20 corresponding to the dividing surface 30 are respectively formed as a first free surface and a second free surface. The second detonation zone is divided into multiple blasting segments 21 in the vertical direction, and each of the multiple blasting segments 21 extends from the first free surface in a direction away from the first free surface to the outline of the tunnel. Multiple first blast holes 211 are opened at intervals in each blasting segment 21 along the extension direction of each blasting segment. The actual detonation time of the first blast hole 211 is obtained by superimposing the detonation time of each blasting segment 21 and the detonation time of the first blast hole 211 within each blasting segment 21. For example, if the detonation time of a blasting segment 21 is 11ms, and the detonation time of a first blast hole 211 within that blasting segment 21 is 18ms, then the actual detonation time of the first blast hole 211 is 29ms. When detonating the tunnel according to the actual detonation time of the first blast hole 211, the initial blasting segment 22 is detonated first, then the blasting segments 21 above the initial blasting segment 22 are detonated upwards with a progressively delayed detonation, and then the blasting segments 21 below the initial blasting segment 22 are detonated downwards with a progressively delayed detonation. Furthermore, when detonating each blasting segment 21, the detonation of the multiple first blast holes 211 within the blasting segment 21 is progressively delayed along the extension direction of that blasting segment 21.

[0061] The tunnel blasting method provided in this application, by first detonating the initial blasting section 22 located in the middle, and then gradually delaying the detonation of the remaining blasting sections 21, allows the blasting energy to be released uniformly in the vertical direction, avoiding local energy concentration, effectively reducing the peak value of blasting vibration, reducing the impact on the surrounding environment, and thus reducing the energy transmitted to the stratum where the tunnel is located, thereby reducing the vibration caused by the blast. Furthermore, by detonating the first boreholes 211 within each blasting section 21 from the first free face in a direction away from the first free face, most of the energy generated by the blast is gradually released towards the first free face, reducing the energy released to the stratum where the tunnel is located, thereby further reducing the vibration caused by the blast and minimizing the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0062] In one embodiment of this application,

[0063] Step S300 includes:

[0064] Step S310: Divide the second blasting zone vertically into multiple blasting segments.

[0065] In one embodiment of this application,

[0066] Step S400 includes:

[0067] Step S410: In each blasting section, multiple first blast holes are opened along its extension direction at predetermined intervals.

[0068] In one embodiment of this application,

[0069] Step S500 includes:

[0070] Step S510: Set one of the blasting sections in the middle as the initial blasting section, set the detonation time of the remaining blasting sections to be gradually delayed upward and downward respectively at a first interval from the initial blasting section, and set the detonation time of the multiple first blast holes in each detonation section to be gradually delayed in the first direction at a second interval.

[0071] Specifically, multiple first boreholes 211 are evenly spaced along the extension direction within each blasting section 21, with a preset distance between any two adjacent boreholes within each blasting section 21. Since the distance between any two adjacent boreholes is the same, the detonation time of the first boreholes 211 within each blasting section 21 is gradually delayed by the same amount of time from the borehole closest to the first free surface towards the borehole furthest from the first free surface; this is the second delay time. Furthermore, because the delay time is the same, it is easier to precisely control the detonation time of the first boreholes 211 within each blasting section 21. By determining the first delay time based on the width of the blasting section 21, the detonation sequence and time interval of each blasting section 21 can be controlled more accurately. This ensures that when each blasting section 21 is detonated, its adjacent rock segments have already formed new free surfaces, which is beneficial for rock fragmentation and throwing, improving the uniformity and consistency of the blasting effect. For example, if the blasting section 21 is wider, the first delay time can be appropriately increased to allow the blasting energy to be released over a longer period of time, avoiding excessive rock fragmentation or excessive vibration caused by excessive energy concentration; while if the blasting section 21 is narrower, the first delay time can be reduced accordingly to ensure the efficiency and continuity of the blasting operation.

[0072] Furthermore, multiple first boreholes 211 are uniformly opened at preset intervals within each blasting section 21. Starting from the initial blasting section, the detonation time of the blasting section 21 located above the initial blasting section is gradually delayed upwards by a first delay time, and the detonation time of the blasting section located below the initial blasting section is gradually delayed downwards by a first delay time. By uniformly dividing each second blasting zone 20 into multiple blasting sections 21 along the vertical direction, this application can control the delay time between the detonation times of any two adjacent blasting sections 21 to be the same time, i.e., the first delay time, thereby enabling more convenient and precise control over the detonation time of the first boreholes 211. By determining the second delay time based on the preset distance between any two adjacent first boreholes 211 in the same blasting section 21, the detonation sequence and time interval of each first borehole 211 can be controlled more precisely. Furthermore, the second delay time is determined according to the preset distance, so that the detonation time interval of each first blast hole 211 matches the propagation characteristics and vibration attenuation law of the rock, which can further reduce the vibration caused by the blasting, thereby further reducing the impact on the surrounding environment of the tunnel.

[0073] In one embodiment of this application, the first interval time is determined based on the width of the blasting section 21, and the first interval time is proportional to the width of the blasting section 21; the second interval time is determined based on a preset distance, and the second interval time is proportional to the preset distance.

[0074] In one embodiment of this application, the first interval time is A, where 7ms≤A≤10ms; the second interval time is B, where 7ms≤B≤10ms.

[0075] By setting the first interval time A and the second interval time B within the range of 7ms to 10ms, the release rate of blasting energy can be reasonably controlled, and this delay time range has good applicability, meeting the needs of most blasting situations. It also allows for a more reasonable actual detonation time interval for each first borehole 211, thereby effectively controlling the propagation of blasting vibrations. Based on the superposition principle of blasting vibration waves, when the first interval time A and the second interval time B are set within this range, the peak-shaving and trough-shaving effect of blasting vibration waves can be utilized to allow the vibration waves generated by different first boreholes 211 to cancel each other out during superposition, thereby reducing the peak vibration value and the total vibration amount, and minimizing the adverse impact on the surrounding environment of the tunnel.

[0076] In one embodiment of this application, prior to step S700, the tunnel blasting method further includes:

[0077] Step A100: Number all the first blast holes sequentially according to the actual detonation time of all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone.

[0078] Step A101: Determine the detonation sequence based on the serial numbers of all first blast holes within the second blasting zone.

[0079] Step S700 includes:

[0080] Step S710: Detonate all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone according to the detonation sequence.

[0081] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, all first boreholes 211 are sequentially numbered using English letters according to the order of their detonation times. Boreholes with the same actual detonation time are assigned the same number. This systematization and standardization of the detonation sequence makes the determination of the detonation order more systematic and standardized. Numbering clearly identifies the detonation sequence of each borehole, facilitating accurate execution of detonation operations by construction personnel. This avoids confusion or errors in the detonation sequence due to human error, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of blasting operations and ensuring the smooth progress of the blasting process.

[0082] Understandably, the first borehole 211 can also be numbered using Arabic numerals, Roman numerals, or other characters.

[0083] In one embodiment of this application, step A100, the tunnel blasting method further includes:

[0084] Step A110: Set the serial number of the first borehole with the same actual detonation time to the same serial number.

[0085] By assigning the same number to boreholes with the same actual detonation time, the sequence of actual detonation times of the first borehole 211 can be more intuitively reflected, making it easier for construction personnel to accurately execute the detonation operation in actual operation.

[0086] In one embodiment of this application, the inclination angle of the dividing surface 30 is C, where 55°≤C≤60°. Setting the inclination angle of the first free surface within the range of 55°≤C≤60° allows for a more rational release and utilization of blasting energy. This angle range is beneficial for the breaking and throwing of rocks generated by blasting, enabling rocks to be fully broken and removed along the direction of the free surface, thereby improving the overall effect of blasting operations, ensuring the progress and quality of tunnel excavation, and further, setting the first free surface within this angle range can more effectively reduce the intensity and propagation range of vibrations generated by blasting.

[0087] In one embodiment of this application, prior to step S700, the tunnel blasting method further includes:

[0088] Step B100: Open multiple second blast holes at intervals along the outer edge of the second blasting zone along the contour of the tunnel;

[0089] Step S700 includes:

[0090] B200 detonates all first blast holes in the second blasting zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all first blast holes in the second blasting zone, and detonates all second blast holes; wherein the detonation time of each second blast hole is later than the actual detonation time of its adjacent first blast hole.

[0091] Specifically, multiple second blast holes 40 are opened at intervals along the outer edge of the second blasting zone 20, and the detonation time of each second blast hole 40 is later than the actual detonation time of its adjacent first blast hole 211. Detonating the second blast holes 40 can help the tunnel form a clearer outline, effectively reducing the workload of subsequent contour processing of the tunnel.

[0092] In one embodiment of this application, the distance between any two adjacent second blast holes 40 is less than the distance between any two adjacent first blast holes 211 within each blasting section 21.

[0093] Furthermore, due to the smaller spacing of the second blast holes 40, a denser blasting zone can be formed during detonation, which helps to break the rock and accurately shape the tunnel outline, improves the uniformity and integrity of the blasting effect, and reduces the workload of subsequent processing.

[0094] This application also proposes a tunnel constructed by blasting, which is based on the above embodiments. Since this tunnel adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0095] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for blasting tunnels, wherein, The blasting method for the tunnel includes: A blasting zone is set up at the tunnel face near the tunnel top, and the blasting zone is divided into a first blasting zone and a second blasting zone set up in sequence along the dividing surface. Detonate the first blasting zone; The second blasting zone is vertically divided into multiple blasting segments; wherein each blasting segment extends along a first direction to the outline of the tunnel, the first direction being a direction away from the dividing surface; Multiple first blast holes are opened at intervals along the extension direction within each of the aforementioned blasting sections; One of the blasting sections located in the middle is set as the initial blasting section, and the detonation time of the remaining blasting sections is set to be gradually delayed upward and downward from the initial blasting section, respectively. The detonation time of the multiple first blast holes in each of the detonation sections is set to be gradually delayed along the first direction. The actual detonation time of all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone is determined based on the detonation time of all the blasting sections and the detonation time of all the first blast holes in each of the blasting sections. Detonate all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone.

2. The tunnel blasting method as described in claim 1, wherein, The step of dividing the second blasting zone vertically into multiple blasting segments includes: The second blasting zone is evenly divided vertically into multiple blasting segments; The step of opening a plurality of first blast holes at intervals along the extension direction within each of the blasting sections includes: Multiple first blast holes are opened along their extension direction within each blasting section, spaced at a predetermined distance from each other; The steps of setting one of the blasting segments located in the middle as the initial blasting segment, setting the detonation time of the remaining blasting segments to be gradually delayed upwards and downwards respectively from the initial blasting segment, and setting the detonation time of the plurality of first boreholes in each of the detonation segments to be gradually delayed along the first direction include: The blasting segment located in the middle is designated as the initial blasting segment. The detonation time of the remaining blasting segments is set to be gradually delayed upward and downward respectively from the initial blasting segment at a first interval. The detonation time of the multiple first blast holes in each detonation segment is set to be gradually delayed along the first direction at a second interval.

3. The tunnel blasting method as described in claim 2, wherein, The first interval time is determined based on the width of the blasting section, and the first interval time is directly proportional to the width of the blasting section; the second interval time is determined based on the preset distance, and the second interval time is directly proportional to the preset distance.

4. The tunnel blasting method as described in claim 2, wherein, The first interval is A, where 7ms ≤ A ≤ 10ms; the second interval is B, where 7ms ≤ B ≤ 10ms.

5. The tunnel blasting method as described in claim 1, wherein, Before the step of detonating all the first blast holes in the second blast zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blast zone, the method further includes: All the first blast holes in the second blasting zone are sequentially numbered according to the order of their actual detonation times. The detonation sequence is determined based on the serial numbers of all the first blast holes within the second blasting zone; The step of detonating all the first blast holes in the second blast zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blast zone includes: All the first boreholes in the second blasting zone are detonated according to the detonation sequence.

6. The tunnel blasting method as described in claim 5, wherein, The step of sequentially numbering all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone according to the order of their actual detonation times further includes: Set the serial numbers of the first boreholes with the same actual detonation time to the same serial number.

7. The tunnel blasting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, The inclination angle of the dividing surface is C, where 55°≤C≤60°.

8. The tunnel blasting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Before the step of detonating all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blasting zone, the tunnel blasting method further includes: Multiple second blast holes are opened at intervals along the outline of the tunnel at the outer edge of the second blasting zone; The step of detonating all the first blast holes in the second blast zone according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all the first blast holes in the second blast zone includes: All first blast holes in the second blasting zone are detonated according to the actual detonation time corresponding to all first blast holes in the second blasting zone, and all second blast holes are detonated; wherein the detonation time of each second blast hole is later than the actual detonation time of its adjacent first blast hole.

9. The tunnel blasting method as described in claim 8, wherein, The distance between any two adjacent second blast holes is less than the distance between any two adjacent first blast holes within each blasting section.

10. The tunnel blasting method as described in claim 1, wherein, The tunnel blasting method also includes: Multiple first blast holes are uniformly opened at preset intervals within each of the blasting sections.

11. A tunnel, wherein, The tunnel is constructed using the blasting method described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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