Device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure and a coating head for applying a polymer solution to the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure provided with this device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CZ2026/050012
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-03-28
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
[0001] Device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure and a coating head for applying a polymer solution to the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure provided with this device
[0002] Technical field
[0003] The invention relates to a device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure.
[0004] The invention also relates to a coating head for applying a polymer solution to the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure which is provided with the device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode.
[0005] Background art
[0006] Currently, electrostatic spinning of polymer solutions or melts is known, in which an electrically conductive or electrically non-conductive string or similar linear structure is used as a spinning electrode or as a spinning element of the spinning electrode. In the case of an electrically conductive string, its diameter is typically between 0.05 and 2 mm.
[0007] For example, WO 2009010020 discloses a method of electrostatic spinning, in which a spinning electrode formed by a string is static or moves in the direction of its length. The polymer solution for spinning is applied to it by a static or moving coating device. In the most advantageous variant, the spinning electrode passes through a slot of the coating device, which also functions as a wiping means, wiping part of the unspun polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode. The unspun polymer solution is caught in the coating device and, after replenishment with fresh solution, is used for further spinning. The remaining polymer solution on the surface of the spinning electrode is covered with a layer of new spinning solution as it passes through the slot. At the same time, this spinning method involves repeated starts and stops of the electrostatic spinning process due to the location and movement of the coating device in the spinning space on the spinning electrode, which results in a reduction in theoverall spinning performance (by approximately 4 to 12 %) and, in addition, in the formation of defects in the newly formed polymer nanofiber layer. Moreover, the interruption of the electrostatic field by the presence of the coating device and the high speed of this device cause deformation of guidance of the substrate for depositing the formed nanofibers and the formation of a nanofiber "curtain", i.e. a cluster of nanofibers and microfibers, which is formed in the peripheral parts of the electrostatic field and / or in the vicinity of the coating device, adhere to the surface of the coating device and can even reach the substrate for depositing nanofibers. An exemplary variant of the coating device is described, for example, in WO 2012139533. WO 2009010020 also mentions the possibility of using a wiping means for wiping the unspun polymer solution located outside the coating device but does not describe its construction in any detail.
[0008] EP 3565921, or WO 2021083762, describe a method of electrostatic spinning in which a nozzle-based coating device is static and a spinning electrode in the form of an endless loop passes through one or more such devices during its movement; at the same time, it exits the spinning chamber at the points where it is guided by guide pulleys. This arrangement is prone to the clogging of the coating device by solidifying polymer solution, as well as the clogging of the guide pulleys that guide the spinning electrode through the solution that has not been spun and has solidified on the surface of the spinning electrode. Even continuous cleaning is not effective enough to remove all solidified polymer solution from the guide pulleys and to reliably prevent stress and cracking of the spinning electrode. In addition, significant losses of polymer solution occur on the guide pulleys, because when leaving the spinning chamber, typically 30 to 99 % of the polymer solution remains on the spinning electrode, which then drips from the spinning string or is sprayed out by centrifugal force when the string turns on the guide pulley. Due to the change in concentration caused by solvent evaporation, the polymer solution is no longer usable for further spinning. The most significant disadvantage of this variant is that the contact wiping of the unspun polymer solution is on the edge of the passage of the spinning electrode through the coating device, which leads to the clogging of the passage with solidified solution in a short time and subsequent breakage of the spinning electrode.The object of the invention is to provide a device for reliably wiping polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure, which would eliminate the disadvantages of the background art.
[0009] In addition, the object of the invention is to provide a coating head for applying a polymer solution to the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure provided with this device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode.
[0010] Principle of the invention
[0011] The object of the invention is achieved by a device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure, the principle of which consists in the fact that a polymer solution conduit and a spinning electrode conduit are formed in the body of the device, wherein the spinning electrode conduit intersects the polymer solution conduit and the polymer solution conduit divides the spinning electrode conduit into an inlet part and an outlet part. At least one contact wiper made of flexible material is mounted in the outlet part of the spinning electrode conduit or behind it. The contact wiper is provided with a passage for the spinning electrode, or it consists of at least two parts and the passage for the spinning electrode is formed by a gap between these parts. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode is further provided with a means for compressing the contact wiper or for pressing its parts towards each other with the desired pressure. The length of the contact wiper for contact with the spinning electrode ranges from 0.2 to 200 mm. This arrangement ensures high efficiency of wiping the unspun polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the body of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode is provided with an outlet surface onto which the outlet part of the spinning electrode conduit opens, wherein a contact wiper is mounted on the outlet surface, and a pressure element is movably connected to the body of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode against the outlet surface, with the possibility of movement towards and away from the outlet surface.Preferably, the diameter of the outlet surface is up to 10 % smaller than the diameter of the contact wiper.
[0013] In another preferred embodiment, a conical conduit is formed in the body of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode, in which chuck jaws are mounted with the possibility of mutual movement away from and towards each other and at the same time with the possibility of displacement in the axial direction of this conduit, wherein the contact wiper is mounted in these jaws. In this variant, the contact wiper is preferably cylindrical and is mounted in the chuck jaws along its entire length. This ensures that the contact pressure of the contact wiper against the surface of the spinning electrode is the same along the entire length of their contact.
[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the body of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode is divided into two parts, wherein in the lower part of this body a lower part of the contact wiper is mounted, and in the upper part of the body or between the lower part of this body and the upper part of this body an upper part of the contact wiper is mounted, , wherein the upper part of the body is connected to the lower part of the body with the possibility of adjusting the pressure of the upper part of the body against the lower part of the body and thus simultaneously adjusting the pressure of the upper part of the contact wiper against the lower part of the contact wiper. This can be achieved by various design measures, e.g., by providing the upper part of the body with a conical surface on its upper side, on which a wedge is mounted, the ends of which are mounted in passages in the body and which is connected to the body in a sliding manner by means of two locking screws arranged opposite each other on opposite sides of the wedge, or by the upper part of the body being provided on its upper side with a crossbar, which is connected to the lower part of the body by locking screws arranged at opposite ends of the crossbar.
[0015] Suitable materials for the contact wiper include fluoropolymer, expanded fluoropolymer, expanded fluoroplastics, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), expanded fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), expanded perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA), expanded fluorocarbon, softened polymer, expanded polymer, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, polyurethane foam, polymer foam, fleece, fabric, leather, rubber, recycled fabric,polytetrafluoroethylene foam, paraformaldehyde foam, ethylene propylene foam, polyvinylidene fluoride foam, hexafluoropropylene foam, perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFCA) foam, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) foam, fluoroelastomer (FKM) foam, perfluoropolyether (PFPE) foam, tetrafluoroethylene propylene foam (FEPM), perfluoroelastomer foam (FFPM), (FFKM), tetrafluoroethylene foam (TFE), silicones, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, graphene, polyesters (PES / PET), polyurethanes, cotton, viscose, polyamides, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), butadieneacrylonitrile rubber (NBR), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR), natural rubber (NR), FPM (Viton), NEOPRENE (CR), rubber, butyl (HR), hypalon (CSM), recycled rubber, expanded Teflon, etc.
[0016] In addition, the object of the invention is achieved by a coating head for applying a polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure whose principle consists in the fact that the coating head is provided with a device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode according to the invention and with a device for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode. Preferably, the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode and the device for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode are connected to each other by a polymer solution conduit.
[0017] Furthermore, the object of the invention is also achieved by a compact variant of the coating head for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure whose principle consists in the fact that the coating head is formed by a body in which two polymer solution conduits and at least one spinning electrode conduit are formed, wherein the spinning electrode conduit intersects both polymer solution conduits and the polymer solution conduits divide the spinning electrode conduit into an inlet part, an outlet part and a middle part which is arranged between the two polymer solution conduits. At least one contact wiper is arranged in the middle part of the spinning electrode conduit. The contact wiper is provided with a passage for the spinning electrode, or it consists of at least two parts, the passage for the spinning electrode being formed by a gap between these parts. The coating head is provided with a means for compressing the contact wiper or pressing its partstowards each other with the required pressure, wherein the length of the contact wiper for contact with the spinning electrode is between 0.2 and 200 mm.
[0018] Brief description of drawings
[0019] In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 schematically shows a device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure in a first exemplary embodiment, Fig. 2 shows a front view of the device, and Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of the device. Fig. 4 schematically shows the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure in a second exemplary embodiment, Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of the device, Fig.
[0020] 6 shows a longitudinal section of the device and Fig. 7 shows the device in a partially disassembled state. Fig. 8 schematically shows the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure in a third exemplary embodiment, Fig. 9 shows a crosssection of the device, and Fig. 10 represents a longitudinal section of the device. Fig. 11 schematically shows the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure in a fourth exemplary embodiment, Fig. 12 shows a front view of the device, Fig. 13 shows a longitudinal section of the device and Fig. 14 shows a cross-section of the device.
[0021] Fig. 15 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment of a coating head for applying a polymer solution to the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure, which is provided with the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode in a partially exploded view without an external covering, and Fig. 16 shows this coating head in a partially exploded view with an external covering.
[0022] Fig. 17 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment of the compact coating head for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure with the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode and the device for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode integratedinto one body, and Fig. 18 shows a longitudinal section of this variant of the compact coating head. Fig. 19 schematically shows another exemplary embodiment of the compact coating head for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure with the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode and the device for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode integrated into one body, and Fig. 20 represents a longitudinal section of this embodiment of the compact coating head. Fig. 21 je schematically represents another exemplary embodiment of the compact coating head for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure with the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode and the device for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode integrated into one body, and Fig. 22 shows a longitudinal section of this variant of the compact coating head.
[0023] Examples of embodiment
[0024] The design and function of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure according to the invention will be described and explained below using four exemplary variants of this device. Any other variants of this device may differ from the examples shown, e.g., in the shape and / or specific design of certain elements; however, they are functionally completely analogous and equivalent and, as such, fall within the scope of this invention.
[0025] Generally, in the body of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure according to the invention, a polymer solution conduit and a spinning electrode conduit are formed, wherein the spinning electrode conduit intersects the polymer solution conduit and the polymer solution conduit divides the spinning electrode conduit into an inlet part and an outlet part. At least one contact wiper made of flexible material is mounted in the outlet part of the spinning electrode conduit or behind it, wherein the contact wiper is provided with a passage for the spinning electrode, or it consists of two or more parts, the passage for the spinning electrode being formed by a gap between these parts. The device for wiping thepolymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode is further provided with means for compressing the contact wiper or pressing its parts towards each other with desired pressure. By means of these means, the contact wiper / wipers is / are compressed during operation to 5 % to 90 % compression, preferably achieving 5 % to 50 % compression, as a result of which the spinning electrode is compressed by the material of the wiper, when essentially all the polymer solution is wiped from the surface of the spinning electrode and, at the same time, the spinning electrode is not braked by it and excessive friction does not occur.
[0026] A first exemplary variant of the device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure is schematically shown in Figs. 1 to 3, wherein Fig. 1 schematically shows a general view of the device, Fig. 2 a front view of the device from the side of the outlet of the spinning electrode, and Fig. 3 a longitudinal section of the device.
[0027] In this embodiment, the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode consists of a body 1 , through which a polymer solution conduit 11 runs transversely across its entire width. The polymer solution conduit 11 has, for example, the form of a cylindrical cavity. Detachably mounted in the body 1 is a cylindrical insert 2, in which a transverse polymer solution conduit 21 is formed. The transverse polymer solution conduit 21 passes across the entire width of the insert 2 and connects to the polymer solution conduit 11 in the body 1 , and at the same time a conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3, which passes through the entire length of the insert 2 and intersects the polymer solution conduit 21. Thus, the polymer solution conduit 21 divides the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 into an inlet part 221 and an outlet part 222.
[0028] The conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 has, for example, the form of a cylindrical cavity. At its front outlet part, the insert 2 is provided with a circular outlet surface 23, onto which the outlet part 222 of the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 opens. At least one contact wiper 4 made of flexible material (see below) is mounted on this outlet surface 23; in the illustrated embodiment, this is a disc wiper 40, in which a passage 41 for the spinning electrode is formed. The diameter of the passage 41 is preferably 1 to 15 times the diameter of the spinning electrode 3. The disc wiper 40 is pressed against the outlet surface 23 of the insert 2 by a pressure element 5, which is connected to the insert 2 by means ofa union nut 6, which is connected from the outside to the part of the cylindrical insert 2 protruding outside the body 1. When the disc wiper 40 is pressed against the circular outlet surface 23 by means of the pressure element 5 and the union nut 6, a controlled areal deformation of the disc wiper 40 occurs and, as a result, a tight concentric clamping of the spinning electrode 3 in the passage 41 of the disc wiper 40. Tightening the union nut 6 determines the degree of pressure of the pressure element 5 against the outlet surface 2, and therefore also the degree of pressure of the material of the disc wiper 40 against the surface of the spinning electrode 3. The pressure element 5 is provided with a conduit 51 of the spinning electrode 3 along its length, which is connected to the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 in the insert 2, or to its outlet part 222. The conduit 51 of the spinning electrode 3 in the pressure element 5 is preferably conical over at least part of its length - it widens outwards. An increase in the areal deformation of the disc wiper 40 can be achieved by an arrangement in which the circular outlet surface 23 has a diameter of up to 50 % smaller than the disc wiper 40.
[0029] If necessary, the disc wiper 40 is provided with a radial groove for introducing the spinning electrode 3 into the passage 41.
[0030] After installing the wiper disc 40, the union nut 6 is tightened, depending on the material of the wiper disc 40 and the diameter of the passage 41 therein, with a torque of 1 to 40 Nm.
[0031] A second exemplary embodiment of the device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or similar linear structure is schematically shown in Figs. 4 to 7, wherein Fig. 4 schematically shows a general view of this device from the side of the inlet of the spinning electrode 3 (not shown) into this device, Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of this device, Fig. 6 shows a longitudinal section of this device and Fig. 7 represents a general view of this device in a partially disassembled state from the side of the outlet of the spinning electrode 3 (not shown) from this device. In this exemplary embodiment, the device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode 3 is formed by a body 1 , through which a polymer solution conduit 11 runs transversely across its entire width. The polymer solution conduit 11 has, for example, the form of a cylindrical cavity. The body 1 of the device for wiping a polymer solution is divided into two parts - the middle part of the body 1 ,which extends into the polymer solution conduit 11 , is formed as a separate insert 20 removable from above, in the illustrated embodiment with a rounded lower part, which is mounted in the lower part of the body 1. A correspondingly shaped bearing surface 100 is formed on the lower part of body 1. A transverse recess 201 is formed across the entire width of the lower part of the insert 20, which connects to the polymer solution conduit 11 and closes this conduit from above. In the lower part of the body 1 , below the insert 20, is formed a conduit 22 for the spinning electrode 3, which intersects the polymer solution conduit 11. The polymer solution conduit 21 divides the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 into an inlet part 221 and an outlet part 222. In this variant of the device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode 3, the wiper 4 consists of two separate parts 42, 43, which are pressed towards each other by a suitable pressure. Both parts 42, 43 of the wiper 4 are made of flexible material (see below). In the area of the outlet section 222 of the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3, a recess 2220 is formed in the body 1 , in which the lower part 42 of the wiper 4 is mounted, consisting of a flat plate that extends into the outlet part 222 of the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3. From the outside, the recess 2220 is closed by a removable front plate 10 provided with a passage 101 for the spinning electrode 3. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper part 43 of the wiper 4 has the form of an oval plate mounted between the rounded lower part of the insert 20 and the bearing surface 100 of the body 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the upper part 43 of the wiper 4 is provided with an oval through hole 430, through which it extends into the polymer solution conduit 11 , thus allowing the polymer solution to pass through this conduit 11. In the outlet part 222 of the spinning electrode 3, the upper part 43 of the wiper 4 rests on the lower part 42 of the wiper 4, and the spinning electrode 3 passes through the gap between them. The upper part 43 of the wiper 4 simultaneously seals the space between the insert 20 and the lower part of the body 1 from above and prevents the polymer solution from escaping from the conduit 11. To create the desired pressure between the upper and lower parts 43, 42 of the wiper 4, the insert 20 is provided on its upper side with a conical surface 202 on which a wedge 7 is mounted, the ends of which engage in passages 701 and 702 in the body 1 and is connected to the body 1 in a sliding manner by means of two locking screws 71 , 72 arranged opposite each other on the opposite sides of the wedge 7. Tightening the locking screws 71 , 72defines the position of the wedge 7 relative to the conical surface 202 of the insert 20 and thus the pressure of this insert 20 against the lower part of the body 1 , and also the pressure of the upper part 43 of the wiper 4 against the lower part 42 of the wiper 4. During operation, the material of both parts 42, 43 of the wiper 4 tightly surrounds the spinning electrode 3 around its entire circumference.
[0032] The height of the gap between the two parts 42, 43 of the wiper 4 before they are pressed towards each other is preferably 1 to 15 times the diameter of the spinning electrode 3.
[0033] After installation, the locking screws 71, 72 are tightened with a torque of 0.2 to 50 Nm, depending on the material of the wiper 4 and the diameter of the passage 41 therein.
[0034] A third exemplary embodiment of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or similar linear structure is schematically shown in Figs. 8 to 10, wherein Fig. 8 schematically represents an overall view of the device from the inlet side of the spinning electrode 3 (unillustrated) into the device, Fig. 9 shows a cross-section of the device, and Fig. 10 shows a longitudinal section of the device. The device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode 3 has the same principle and similar construction in this variant as in the variant described above and shown in Figs. 4 to 7, with the difference that the insert 20 is connected at its upper part to a crossbar 8, which is connected to the lower part of the body 1 by means of two locking screws 81 , 82, arranged on the opposite sides of the crossbar8. Tightening the locking screws 81 , 82 defines the pressure of the insert 20 against the lower part of the body 1 and thus the pressure of the upper part 43 of the wiper 4 mounted between the insert 20 and the lower part of the body 1 relative to the lower part 42 of the wiper 4 mounted in a recess 2220 in the lower part of the body 1 , and it may be set / adjusted as needed.
[0035] The height of the gap between the two parts 42, 43 of the wiper 4 before they are pressed towards each other is preferably 1 to 15 times the diameter of the spinning electrode 3.After installation, the locking screws 81 , 82 are tightened with a torque of 0.2 to 50 Nm, depending on the material of the wiper 4 and the diameter of the passage 41 therein.
[0036] The individual parts 42, 43 of the wiper 4 can generally have any shape; whereby both parts 42, 43 may have different shapes and designs, as is the case with the above-described design variants shown in Figs. 4 to 10, or they may have the same shape and design, whereby both parts 42, 43 may be formed, for example, by oval or circular plates, square or rectangular plates, etc.
[0037] A fourth exemplary embodiment of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or similar linear structure is schematically shown in Figs. 11 to 14, wherein Fig. 11 shows a schematic overall view of the device from the side of the outlet of the spinning electrode 3, Fig. 12 shows a front view of the device, Fig. 13 shows a longitudinal section of the device, and Fig. 14 shows a cross-section of the device. In this variant, the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 consists of a body 1 , through which a polymer solution conduit 11 runs transversely across its entire width. The polymer solution conduit 11 has, for example, the form of a cylindrical cavity. Mounted detachably in the body 1 is a hollow cylindrical insert 2, in which a transverse polymer solution conduit 21 is formed, which passes through the entire width of the insert 2 and connects to the polymer solution conduit 11 in the body 1 , and, at the same time, the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3, which passes through the entire length of the insert 2 and intersects the polymer solution conduit 21. The conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 has, for example, the form of a cylindrical cavity. The polymer conduit 21 thus divides the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 into an inlet part 221 and an outlet part 222. In the inner longitudinal cavity 25 of the cylindrical insert 2 with a conical neck 251 , chuck jaws 9 provided with a conical extension 91 are mounted, with the possibility of mutual movement away from each other and towards each other, and also with the possibility of axial displacement. In the chuck jaws 9, a contact wiper 4 formed by a cylindrical wiper 44 made of flexible material (see below) is mounted. A passage 441 for the spinning electrode 3 is formed in the cylindrical wiper 44 along its entire length. Preferably, the diameter of the passage 441 is 1 to 15 times the diameter of the spinning electrode 3. Thepart of the chuck jaws 9 protruding beyond the cylindrical insert 20 is covered by an outer union nut 6 and is in contact with its inner conical surface. The outer union nut 6 is connected from the outside to the part of the cylindrical insert 2 protruding outside the body 1. When the union nut 6 is tightened, the chuck jaws 9 are pressed into the conical neck 251 of the cavity 25 of the cylindrical insert 20, causing the chuck jaws 9 to move closer towards each other. This causes the cylindrical wiper 44 to be compressed by a concentric force, its controlled deformation, and tighter clamping of the spinning electrode 3 in the passage 441 of the cylindrical wiper 44. In the preferred embodiment shown in Figs. 11 to 14, the cylindrical wiper 44 is mounted in the chuck jaws 9 along its entire length, so that its pressure against the surface of the spinning electrode 3 is the same along the entire length of their contact.
[0038] If necessary, the cylindrical wiper 44 and, optionally, also other parts of the body 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 is / are provided with a radial groove for introducing the spinning electrode 3 into the passage 441 of the cylindrical wiper 44 without the need to dismantle them. For the same reason, the cylindrical wiper 44 can be longitudinally divided into two or more parts.
[0039] After the installation of the cylindrical wiper 44, the union nut 6 is tightened with a torque of 0.1 to 15 Nm, depending on the material of the wiper 44 and the diameter of the passage 41 therein.
[0040] In all the variants of embodiment of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3, the inlet opening 24 for the spinning electrode 3 at the inlet to the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 has a larger diameter than the outlet opening from the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3, so that the polymer solution is not wiped from the surface of the spinning electrode 2 at edge of the inlet opening 24 and the inlet opening 24 is not gradually clogged with solidified polymer solution. It is advantageous if the polymer solution is transported into the polymer solution conduit 11 in the body 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution in a controlled manner by a pump (e.g., a diaphragm, peristaltic, piston or gear pump, etc.) or by gravity.
[0041] In all the described and illustrated embodiments, the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 is perpendicular to the polymer solution conduit 11 ; however,this is not a necessary condition, and the two conduits 22, 11 can form essentially any angle together.
[0042] The minimum length of contact between the contact wiper 4, or its parts 42, 43, and the surface of the spinning electrode 3 is preferably 0.2 to 200 mm -this is achieved either by using a single contact wiper 4 of the appropriate thickness or by using several contact wipers 4 arranged side by side - e.g., several disc wipers 40, etc.
[0043] A suitable material of the contact wiper 4 is a flexible material that is capable of adapting to minor irregularities along the spinning electrode 3 and whose compressibility is 0.1 to 90 % (measured on a KES-FB3 Automatic Compression Tester, see, for example, https: / / www.ft. tu I. cz / kated ry / kate ra- gdeynictyh^boratgre / labgrato kes). Such materials include especially fluoropolymer, expanded fluoropolymer, expanded fluoroplastics, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), expanded fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), expanded perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA), expanded fluorocarbon, softened polymers, expanded polymers, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, polyurethane foam, polymer foam, fleece, fabric, leather, rubber, recycled fabric, polytetrafluoroethylene foam, paraformaldehyde foam, ethylene propylene foam, polyvinylidene fluoride foam, hexafluoropropylene foam, perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFCA) foam, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) foam, fluoroelastomer (FKM) foam, perfluoropolyether (PFPE) foam, tetrafluoroethylene propylene foam (FEPM), perfluoroelastomer foam (FFPM), (FFKM), tetrafluoroethylene foam (TFE), silicones, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, graphene, polyesters (PES / PET), polyurethanes, cotton, viscose, polyamides, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), butadieneacrylonitrile rubber (NBR), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR), natural rubber (NR), FPM (Viton), NEOPRENE (CR), rubber, butyl (HR), hypalon (CSM), recycled rubber, etc. Expanded Teflon, which is highly recoverable, is particularly advantageous. Contact wipers made from these materials are capable of ensuring high wiping efficiency for weeks or even months.
[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the material of the contact wiper is nonporous. During the process of electrostatic spinning, the spinning electrode 3, consisting of a string or similar linear structure, electrically conductive or non-conductive, passes through the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 in the body 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution. The spinning electrode 3 enters the wiping device of the polymer solution after passing through an unillustrated spinning chamber, where the polymer solution was previously spun from its surface. At the same time, the polymer solution for spinning is fed into the body I of this device through the polymer solution conduit 11. The spinning electrode 3 thus first enters the polymer solution in the conduit 11 , where a part of the unspun polymer solution that has adhered to the spinning electrode 3 is washed away from its surface, and then passes through the contact wiper 4 mounted in the outlet part 222 of the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3, which mechanically removes all polymer material from it; the polymer material does not accumulate and does not solidify on the surface of the contact wiper 4, but is carried away by the polymer solution flowing through the polymer solution conduit I I and can subsequently be reapplied to the spinning electrode 3 for further spinning. Due to the fact that the polymer solution conduit 11 is constantly flooded with the polymer solution, there are no changes in the concentration of the polymer solution, no gelation, foaming or clumping in the polymer solution occurs.
[0045] The spinning electrode 3 exits the device for wiping the polymer solution with essentially no polymer solution residue on its surface and is thus ready for the application of a fresh polymer solution for further spinning. After exiting the device for wiping the polymer solution, it enters an unillustrated device for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3.
[0046] The relative movement of the spinning electrode 3 in the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 in the body 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution is achieved either by moving the spinning electrode 3 in the direction of its length (with the body of the device for wiping the polymer solution being stationary), or by moving the body 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution (with the spinning electrode 3 being static) along the spinning electrode 3, or by a combination of the movement of the spinning electrode 3 and the body 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution.
[0047] The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode is adapted at the ends of the polymer solution conduit 11 for connecting the polymer solution conduits from / to other cooperating components. Whenapplied to the electrostatic spinning device, the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode may be arranged separately or may be incorporated into a mobile or static coating head 1000 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3 - see Figs. 15 and 16.
[0048] Fig. 15 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment of the coating head 1000 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the unillustrated the spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or similar linear structure, which is provided with the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 according to the invention in any of the above-described variants of embodiment and with the device 1001 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3. The polymer solution conduit 11 of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode according to the invention is connected by the polymer solution conduit 1011 to the polymer solution conduit of the device 1001 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3. In the polymer solution conduit in the device 1001 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3, a slot 1111 is arranged for the passage of the spinning electrode 3. The device 1001 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3 may be formed, for example, by a coating device known from WO 2012139533.
[0049] In Fig. 16, the head 1000 is schematically shown in a covered state.
[0050] Preferably, the coating head 1000 within the device for spinning a polymer solution by electrostatic spinning is mounted outside the unillustrated spinning chamber. The spinning electrode 3 is guided behind the outlet of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode behind the coating head 1000 by at least one unillustrated guide pulley. In doing so, this spinning electrode 3 is rotated by 180° and then enters the device 1001 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3, where the polymer solution for spinning is deposited thereon.
[0051] Figs. 17 to 22 show variants of the compact coating head 1000 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or similar linear structure provided with the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 and the device 1001 for applying thepolymer solution to the surface of a spinning electrode 3 integrated into one body. The variant of the device shown in Figs. 17 and 18 is based on the design of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 shown in Figs. 1 to 3; however, analogously, it can be based on any of the above-described variants of this device. Fig. 17 shows a schematic overall view of the compact coating head 1000, while Fig. 18 shows a longitudinal section of the coating head 1000. In this variant, the coating head 1000 consists of two bodies 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure according to the variants in Figs. 1 and 3. The two bodies 1 are integrated into one body 1100 of the coating head 1000 and are arranged with their (original) outlets facing each other. In the body 1100 of the coating head 1000, two cylindrical inserts 2a, 2b are arranged opposite each other, two polymer solution conduits 11a, 11b and at least one conduit 22 for the spinning electrode 3 are formed. The conduit 22 for the spinning electrode 3 intersects the two polymer solution conduits 11a, 11b, and the polymer solution conduits 11a and 11b divide the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 into an inlet part 221, an outlet part 222 and a middle part 223, which is arranged between the two polymer solution conduits 11a and 11b. In the middle part 223 of the conduit of the spinning electrode 3, two contact wipers 4a and 4b are arranged at a distance, preferably disc wipers 40a, 40b, from flexible material, which are provided with a passage 41a, or 41b for the spinning electrode 3. Its diameter is 1 to 15 times the spinning electrode 3. The disk wipers 40a, 40b are pressed against the respective outlet surface 23a, or 23b of the respective cylindrical insert 2a, 2b by a pressure element 5a, or 5b, which is connected to the respective insert 2a, 2b by means of an external union nut 6a, or 6b. When the disc wiper 40a, 40b is pressed against the respective circular outlet surface 23a, or 23b by means of the pressure element 5a, or 5b and the union nut 6a, or 6b, a controlled surface deformation of the disc wiper 40a, 40b occurs and, as a result, the spinning electrode 3 is tightly clamped in the passage 41a, 41b of the disc wiper 40a, or 40b. Tightening the respective union nut 6a, 6b determines the degree of pressure of the pressure element 5a, 5b against the outlet surface 23a, 23b, and thus also the degree of pressure of the material of the disc wiper 40a, 40b against the surface of the spinning electrode 3. The pressure elements 5a, 5b are provided along their length withthe conduits 51a, 51b of the spinning electrode 3, which connect to the conduits 22a, 22b of the spinning electrode 3 in the inserts 2a, 2b. The conduits 51a, 51b of the spinning electrode 3 in the pressure element 5a, 5b are preferably conical over at least part of their length - they widen towards the opposite insert 2a, or 2b.
[0052] If necessary, the disc wipers 40a, 40b are provided with a radial groove for introducing the spinning electrode 3 into the passage 41a, 41b.
[0053] The original inlet openings 24a and 24b serve alternately as an inlet opening 241 for the entry of the spinning electrode 3 and as an outlet opening 242 for the exit of the spinning electrode from / to the conduit to the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3.
[0054] In the illustrated embodiment, the polymer solution conduits 11a, 11b in the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000 are parallel and the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 is perpendicular to them; however, this is not a necessary condition and the conduits 11a, 11b of the polymer solution and the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 can be arranged with respect to each other in essentially any way provided that the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 intersects both polymer solution conduits 11a, 11b.
[0055] During the process of electrostatic spinning, the spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or similar linear structure, electrically conductive or non-conductive, passes through the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 in the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000. The spinning electrode 3 enters the compact coating head 1000 after passing through the unillustrated spinning chamber, where the polymer solution was previously spun from its surface. In this case, the polymer solution for spinning is simultaneously carried through the polymer solution conduits 11a and 11b. The two conduits 11a and 11b may contain the same polymer solution or different polymer solutions. The spinning electrode 3 first enters the inlet 241 into the inlet part 221 of the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 and through it into the polymer solution in the first conduit 11 a of the polymer solution, where a part of the unspun polymer solution that has adhered to its surface is washed off. The pre-cleaned spinning electrode 3 then passes through the first contact wiper 4a, which mechanically removes any remaining polymer material from it. This polymer material does not accumulateand does not solidify on the surface of the contact wiper 4a but is carried away by the polymer solution flowing in the first polymer solution conduit 11a. After exiting the first contact wiper 4a, the spinning electrode 3 passes through the second contact wiper 4b and then enters the second polymer solution conduit 11b in which the polymer solution carried in the conduit 11b is deposited on its surface. With the polymer solution deposited thereon, the spinning electrode 3 subsequently exits the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000 through the outlet part of the spinning electrode conduit 222 and the outlet opening 242 and enters the unillustrated spinning chamber, where this polymer solution is spun from its surface. The part of the coating head 1000 between the inlet opening 241 and the second contact wiper 4b thus serves as a device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3, the part of the coating head 1000 between the second contact of the wiper 4b and the outlet opening 242 then serves as a coating device for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3.
[0056] Figs. 19 and 20 schematically show a variant of the compact coating head 1000 based on the design of the device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode 3 shown in Figs. 8 to 10. Fig. 19 schematically shows an overall view of the compact wiping head 1000, Fig. 20 shows a longitudinal section of the coating head 1000. In this variant, the coating head 1000 consists of two bodies 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode formed by a string or similar linear structure according to the variant shown in Figs 8 to 10. The two bodies are integrated into one body 1100 of the coating head 1000 and are arranged with their (original) outlets of the spinning electrode 3 facing each other. Thus, in the body 1100 of the coating head 1000, two inserts 20a, 20b removable from above are mounted next to each other and two polymer solution conduits 11a, 11b and at least one conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 are formed. The conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 intersects the two conduits 11a, 11b of the polymer solution, and the polymer solution conduit 11a, 11b divide the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 into an inlet part 221, an outlet part 222, and a middle part 223, which is arranged between the two polymer solution conduits 11a, 11b. In the middle part 223 of the spinning electrode conduit 3, two contact wipers 4a and 4b are arranged,which are provided with a passage 41a and 42a, respectively, for the spinning electrode 3. These wipers 4a, 4b are formed by two parts 42a, 42b and 43a, 43b, respectively - the construction of these wipers 4a, 4b, their arrangement and the method of adjusting the pressure of the upper part 43a, 43b of the wiper 4a, 4b relative to the lower part 42a, 42b of the wiper 4 are the same as described above for the variant of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 shown in Fig. 8 to 10. Both wipers 4a, 4b are mechanically separated from each other by a partition 400, in which a passage 4001 for the spinning electrode 3 is formed.
[0057] The originally inlet openings 24a and 24b serve alternately as an inlet opening 241 for the entry of the spinning electrode 3 and as an outlet opening 242 for the exit of the spinning electrode from / to the conduit to the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3.
[0058] During the process of electrostatic spinning, the spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or a similar linear structure, electrically conductive or non-conductive, passes through the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 in the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000. The spinning electrode 3 enters the compact coating head 1000 after passing through an unillustrated spinning chamber, where the polymer solution was previously spun from its surface. In this case, the polymer solution for spinning is simultaneously fed through the polymer solution conduits 11a and 11b. The two conduits 11a and 11b may contain the same polymer solution or different polymer solutions. The spinning electrode 3 first enters the inlet 241 into the inlet part 221 of the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 and through it into the polymer solution in the first conduit 11a of the polymer solution, where part of the unspun polymer solution that has adhered to its surface is washed off. Subsequently, the thus pre-cleaned spinning electrode 3 passes through the first contact wiper 4a, which mechanically removes any remaining polymer material from it. This polymer material does not accumulate and does not solidify on the surface of the contact wiper 4a but is carried away by the polymer solution flowing in the first polymer solution conduit 11a. After exiting the first contact wiper 4a, the spinning electrode 3 passes through the second contact wiper 4b and then enters the second polymer solution conduit 11b, in which the polymer solution carried in the conduit 11 b is deposited on thesurface of the spinning electrode 3. With the polymer solution deposited thereon, the spinning electrode 3 subsequently exits the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000 through the outlet part of the spinning electrode conduit 222 and the outlet opening 242 and enters the unillustrated spinning chamber, where this polymer solution is spun from its surface. The part of the coating head 1000 between the inlet opening 241 and the second contact wiper 4b thus serves as a device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3, the part of the coating head 1000 between the second contact of the wiper 4b and the outlet opening 242 then serves as a coating device for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3.
[0059] Figs. 21 and 22 show a variant of the compact coating head 1000 based on the design of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 shown in Figs. 11 to 14. Fig. 21 schematically shows an overall view of the compact coating head 1000, Fig. 22 shows a longitudinal section of the coating head 1000. In this variant, the coating head 1000 consists of two bodies 1 of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or similar linear structure according to the variant shown in Figs. 11 to 14. These bodies are integrated into one body 1100 of the coating head 1000 and are arranged with their (original) outlets facing each other. Two cylindrical inserts 20a, 20b are thus arranged opposite each other in the body 1100 of the coating head 1000, in which two longitudinal cavities 25a, 25b with conical necks 251a, 251b are formed. In these cavities, chuck jaws 9 with a conical extension 91 are mounted on both sides, which can move away from and towards each other and can also move axially. In the chuck jaws 9, is mounted a contact wiper 4 consisting of a cylindrical wiper 44 made of flexible material. A passage 441 for the spinning electrode 3 is formed in the cylindrical wiper 44, along its entire length. The diameter of the passage 441 is preferably 1 to 15 times the diameter of the spinning electrode 3. Parts of the cylindrical inserts 20a, 20b, arranged opposite each other, are connected by a double-sided union nut 61 , which is mechanically connected to the chuck jaws 9 by a ring 62. When the union nut 61 is tightened, the chuck jaws 9 are pressed into the conical neck 251 a or 251 b of the cavity 25a or 25b of the cylindrical insert 20a or 20b and, as a result, the chuck jaws 9 are brought closer together. At the same time, thecylindrical wiper 44 is compressed by a concentric force, its controlled deformation occurs and the spinning electrode 3 is clamped more tightly in the passage 441 of the cylindrical wiper 44. In the preferred embodiment shown in Fig. 22, the cylindrical wiper 44 is mounted in the chuck jaws 9 along its entire length, so that its pressure against the surface of the spinning electrode 3 is the same along the entire length of their contact.
[0060] The cylindrical wiper 44 simultaneously separates and seals the cavities 25a and 25b of the cylindrical inserts 20a and 20b, which are connected to the respective polymer solution conduits 11 a and 11 b.
[0061] Two polymer solution conduits 11a, 11b and at least one conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 are formed in the body 1100 of the coating head 1000. The conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 intersects both polymer solution conduits 11a, 11b and the polymer solution conduits 11 a and 11 b divide the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 into an inlet part 221 and an outlet part 222. The middle part 223 of the conduit of the spinning electrode 3 is formed by a passage 441 of the cylindrical wiper 44.
[0062] During the process of electrostatic spinning, the spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or a similar linear structure, electrically conductive or non-conductive, passes through the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 in the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000. The spinning electrode 3 enters the compact coating head 1000 after passing through the unillustrated spinning chamber, where the polymer solution was previously spun from its surface. In this case, the polymer solution for spinning is simultaneously fed through the polymer solution conduits 11a and 11b. The two conduits 11a and 11b may contain the same polymer solution or different polymer solutions. The spinning electrode 3 first enters the inlet 241 into the inlet part 221 of the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 and through it into the polymer solution in the first conduit 11a of the polymer solution, where part of the unspun polymer solution that has adhered to its surface is washed off. Subsequently, the thus pre-cleaned spinning electrode 3 passes through the cylindrical wiper 44, which mechanically removes any remaining polymer material from it. This polymer material does not accumulate and does not solidify on the surface of the cylindrical wiper 4a but is carried away by the polymer solution flowing in the first polymer solution conduit 11a. Afterexiting the cylindrical wiper 4a, the spinning electrode 3 enters the second polymer solution conduit 11b, in which the polymer solution carried through the conduit 11b is deposited on the surface of the spinning electrode 3. With the polymer solution deposited thereon, the spinning electrode 3 then exits through the outlet part 222 of the conduit 22 of the spinning electrode 3 and the outlet opening 242 from the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000 and enters the unillustrated spinning chamber, where the polymer solution is spun from the surface of the spinning electrode 3. Part of the coating head 1000 between the inlet opening 241 of the first body 1 and the cylindrical wiper 44 thus serves as a device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode 3, part of the coating head 1000 between the cylindrical wiper 44 and the inlet opening 242 serves as a coating device for applying a polymer solution to the surface of a spinning electrode 3.
[0063] All the above-described arrangements of the compact coating head 1000 allow reverse movement of the coating head 1000 and / or of the spinning electrode 3, whereby movement in both directions causes the polymer solution to be wiped from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 in the first part of the coating head 1000 for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 and the polymer solution to be applied in the second part of the coating head 1000 for applying the polymer solution. The inlet opening 241 temporarily becomes an outlet opening 242 for the movement of the spinning electrode 3 and / or the coating head 1000 in the opposite direction, and vice versa.
[0064] The polymer solution conduits 11a and 11b in the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000 may be independent of each other, or they may be mutually connected - in the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000 or outside the body 1100 of the compact coating head 1000. The first variant enables the spinning of two different polymer solutions, where after the spinning of the first polymer solution, the remains of this solution are wiped off the spinning electrode 3 with a contact wiper 4 and another polymer solution is applied to the cleaned spinning electrode 3 for further spinning; the second variant then enables the recirculation of one polymer solution, where the remains of this solution arewiped off the spinning electrode 3 with the contact wiper 4 and, after possible revitalization, are reapplied to this spinning electrode 3 for further spinning. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode 3 according to the invention and the coating head 1000 for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode 3 according to the invention can be combined with a spinning electrode 3 formed by a string or similar linear structure, such as wire, braided cable, yarn (with various twists), monofilament, or other linear structure with a smooth or structured surface, etc. made of metal, polymer, organic and / or inorganic material, etc. The material of the spinning electrode 3 does not have to be electrically conductive - a polymer solution deposited on the spinning electrode 3 can serve as a carrier of electric charge for creating an electric field and spinning.List of references
[0065] 1 body of the device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode
[0066] 10 face
[0067] 11, 11a, 11b polymer solution conduit in the body
[0068] 100 bearing surface for the middle part of the body
[0069] 101 passage for the spinning electrode in the face
[0070] 1000 coating head for applying polymer solution
[0071] 1001 device for applying polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode
[0072] 1011 polymer solution conduit connecting the device for applying polymer solution and the device for wiping polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode
[0073] 1111 slot through the device for applying the polymer solution
[0074] 1100 body of the coating head
[0075] 2, 2a, 2b cylindrical insert
[0076] 20 insert
[0077] 201 transverse recess in the insert
[0078] 202 conical surface of the insert
[0079] 21 polymer solution conduit
[0080] 22, 22a, 22b conduit of the spinning electrode
[0081] 221 inlet part of the conduit of the spinning electrode
[0082] 222 outlet part of the conduit of the spinning electrode
[0083] 223 middle part of the conduit of the spinning electrode
[0084] 2220 recess
[0085] 23, 23a, 23b circular outlet surface
[0086] 24, 24a, 24b inlet opening of the conduit of the spinning electrode
[0087] 241 inlet opening of the spinning electrode
[0088] 242 outlet opening of the spinning electrode
[0089] 25 cavity of the cylindrical insert
[0090] 251 conical neck of the cavity of the cylindrical insert
[0091] 3 spinning electrode
[0092] 4, 4a, 4b contact wiper
[0093] 40, 40a, 40b disc wiper400 partition
[0094] 4001 passage in the partition
[0095] 41 , 41 a, 41 b passage in the disc wiper for the spinning electrode
[0096] 42, 42a, 43b lower part of the wiper
[0097] 43, 43a, 43b upper part of the wiper
[0098] 430 through hole in the upper part of the wiper
[0099] 44 cylindrical wiper
[0100] 441 passage of the cylindrical wiper for the spinning electrode
[0101] 5, 5a, 5b pressure element
[0102] 51 conduit of the spinning electrode in the pressure element
[0103] 6, 6a, 6b union nut
[0104] 61 double-sided union nut
[0105] 62 ring
[0106] 7 wedge
[0107] 701 , 702 passage in the body of the device for wiping polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode
[0108] 71, 72 locking screw
[0109] 8 crossbar
[0110] 81 , 82 locking screw
[0111] 9 chuck jaws
[0112] 91 conical extension of the chuck jaws
Claims
PATENT CLAIMS1. A device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode (3) formed by a string or similar linear structure, characterized in that a polymer solution conduit (11) and a conduit (22) of the spinning electrode (3) are formed in the body (1 ) of the device, wherein the conduit (22) of the spinning electrode (3) intersects the polymer solution conduit (11 ) and the polymer solution conduit (11 ) divides the conduit (22) of the spinning electrode (3) into an inlet part (221) and an outlet part (222), at least one contact wiper (4) made of flexible material is arranged in the outlet part (222) of the conduit (22) of the spinning electrode (3) or behind the outlet part (222) of the conduit (22) of the spinning electrode (3), wherein the contact wiper (4) is provided with a passage (41) for the spinning electrode (3), or it consists of at least two parts (42, 43), and the passage (41) for the spinning electrode (3) is formed by a gap between these parts (42, 43), wherein the body (1) of the device for wiping a polymer solution from the surface of a spinning electrode (3) is further provided with a means for compressing the contact wiper (4) or pressing its parts (42, 43) towards each other with the desired pressure, the length of the contact wiper (4) for contacting with the spinning electrode (3) ranging from 0.2 to 200 mm.
2. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the body (1 ) of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) is provided with an outlet surface (23), onto which the outlet part (222) of the conduit (22) of the spinning electrode (3) opens, wherein the contact wiper (4) is mounted on the outlet surface (23) and a pressure element (5) is movably connected to the body (1) of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) against the outlet surface (23) and movable towards and away from the outlet surface (23).
3. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the outlet surface (23) is up to 50 % smaller than the diameter of the contact wiper (4).
4. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) according to claim 1 , characterized in that in the body (1 ) of the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) is formed a conical conduit in which the chuck jaws (9) are movable away from and towards each other and simultaneously slidable in the axial direction of the conical conduit, wherein the contact wiper (4) is mounted in the chuck jaws (9).
5. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the body (1 ) is divided into two parts, with the lower part (42) of the contact wiper (4) being mounted in the lower part of the body (1) and the upper part (43) of the contact wiper (4) being mounted in the upper part of the body (1) or between the upper and lower parts of the body (1), with the upper part of the body (1) being connected to the lower part of the body (1) with an adjustable pressure of the upper part of the body (1 ) against the lower part of the body (1 ).
6. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper part of the body (1 ) is provided on its upper side with a conical surface (202) on which a wedge (7) is mounted, the ends of which are mounted in passages (701, 702) in the body (1 ) and is connected to the body (1 ) in a sliding manner by means of two locking screws (71, 72) arranged opposite each other on opposite sides of the wedge (7).
7. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that the upper part of the body (1) is provided on its upper side with a crossbar (8), which is connected to the lower part of the body (1) by locking screws (81, 82) arranged at opposite ends of the crossbar (8).
8. The device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the contact wiper (4) is made from a material selected from the group consisting of fluoropolymer, expanded fluoropolymer, expanded fluoroplastics, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), expanded fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP),expanded perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA), expanded fluorocarbon, softened polymer, expanded polymer, polyethylene foam, polypropylene foam, polyurethane foam, polymer foam, fleece, fabric, leather, rubber, recycled fabric, polytetrafluoroethylene foam, paraformaldehyde foam, ethylene propylene foam, polyvinylidene fluoride foam, hexafluoropropylene foam, perfluorocarboxylic acid (PFCA) foam, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) foam, fluoroelastomer (FKM) foam, perfluoropolyether (PFPE) foam, tetrafluoroethylene propylene foam (FEPM), perfluoroelastomer foam (FFPM), (FFKM), tetrafluoroethylene foam (TFE), silicones, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, graphene, polyesters (PES / PET), polyurethanes, cotton, viscose, polyamides, polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyisobutylene, ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), butadieneacrylonitrile rubber (NBR), butadiene-styrene rubber (SBR), natural rubber (NR), FPM (Viton), NEOPRENE (CR), rubber, butyl (HR), hypalon (CSM), recycled rubber, expanded Teflon.
9. A coating head (1000) for applying a polymer solution to the surface of a spinning electrode (3) formed by a string or similar linear structure characterized in that the coating head (1000) is provided with the device for wiping the polymer solution from the surface of the spinning electrode (3) according to any of claims 1 to 8, and further with a device (1001 ) for applying a polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode (3).
10. The coating head (1000) for applying the polymer solution to the surface of the spinning electrode (3) formed by a string or similar linear structure characterized in that two conduits (11a, 11 b) of the polymer solution and at least one conduit (22) of the spinning electrode (3) are formed in the body (1100) of the coating head (1000), wherein the spinning electrode (3) conduit (22) intersects the two polymer solution conduits (11a, 11b) which divide the conduit (2a) of the spinning electrode (3) into an inlet part (221), an outlet part (222) and a middle part (223), which is arranged between the two polymer solution conduits (11a, 11b), wherein at least one contact wiper (4) is arranged in the middle part (223) of the spinning electrode (3) guide, which is provided with a passage (41) for the spinning electrode (3), or which consists of at least two parts (42, 43), and the for the spinning electrode (3) is formed by the gap between these parts (42, 43), wherein the coating head (1000) is provided with a means for compressingthe contact wiper (4) or pressing its parts (42, 43) towards each other with the desired pressure, the length of the contact wiper (4) for contacting the spinning electrode (3) ranging from 0.2 to 200 mm.