Method for producing a fibre having max phases
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/EP2026/056591
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-03-28
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
Smart Images
Figure EP2026056591_01102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878
[0002] Method for producing a fiber with MAX phases
[0003] Technical field
[0004] The present invention relates to a method for producing a fiber with a MAX phase component as a material. The invention also relates to a functionalized textile and a fiber composite component.
[0005] State of the art
[0006] Fibers have diverse technical applications, for example in fiber-reinforced composites or fiber-reinforced components. It is desirable for the properties of the fibers to be particularly well suited to the intended application. Fiber-reinforced composites are components in which a reinforcing textile, for example made of continuous fibers, is embedded within a matrix. The reinforcing fibers can be provided as a reinforcing textile. Fiber-reinforced composites can withstand particularly high loads, especially through load-optimized fiber alignment within the matrix. Alternatively, instead of a reinforcing textile, randomly arranged short fibers can be embedded as a filler in the matrix of a fiber-reinforced composite.
[0007] Typically, fiber-reinforced composites with reinforcing textiles become brittle under overload, for example, when a ceramic material is used for the matrix. Therefore, efforts are underway to achieve tough-elastic behavior in fiber-reinforced composites under overload. For this purpose, a porous matrix is used, as exemplified by so-called WMC-CMC fiber-reinforced composites. Alternatively, gaps are incorporated between the reinforcing textile and the matrix, as exemplified by so-called WIC-CMC fiber-reinforced composites. However, the manufacturing effort for such fiber-reinforced composites is very high. Furthermore, such composites may not be suitable for some applications, for example, when a non-porous matrix is required. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878
[0008] CN 117534071 A describes a process for producing nanofibers using MAX phases as the material. An M-source and an X-source are mixed so that they react to form nanofibers. The nanofibers are then subjected to a reduction heat treatment to obtain an MX nanofiber. The MX nanofiber is mixed with an A-source to generate MAX-phase fibers in an in-situ reaction.
[0009] The article by Mian Li et al., “Preparation of TiC / Ti2AIC coating on carbon fiber and investigation of the oxidation resistance properties”, May 22, 2018, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Volume 101, Issue 11, pages 5269-5280, describes a coating of MAX phases on carbon fibers. An intermediate layer is created between the MAX phase coating and the carbon fiber core.
[0010] Description of the invention
[0011] A first aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a fiber with a MAX phase component. For example, the fiber can be part of a functionalized textile, such as for a fiber composite component or a fiber component. The method can therefore also be used to produce a functionalized textile, for example, for applications such as clothing, insulation, batteries, or as part of a catalyst. The functionalized textile can be used, for example, as a filter in exhaust gas treatment, as a membrane, or as a gas diffusion layer in fuel cells. The functionalized textile can also be designed as a reinforcing textile. A reinforcing textile can be a functionalized textile that forms the fiber reinforcement in a fiber composite component. The functionalized textile has, for example, at least one continuous fiber or a randomly oriented fiber mixture.The continuous fiber can, for example, have a diameter of 5 to 20 pm, particularly 7 to 12 pm. A continuous fiber can, for example, represent the smallest length dimension of the component, composite, or part in which the continuous fiber is used. The functionalized textile can contain multiple continuous fibers. The functionalized textile can be a nonwoven or a woven fabric. Individual fibers of the functionalized textile can, for example, be bonded, interwoven, or braided together. The functionalized textile can also have a three-dimensional structure. [Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878.]
[0012] The functionalized textile, particularly the reinforcing textile, can be designed to be arranged in a load-bearing manner within the fiber component to be manufactured from it. A specific arrangement of the respective fibers may be prescribed for this purpose. The functionalized textile can contain several different fibers or just several fibers of the same type.
[0013] Continuous fibers can be long, continuous strands of fiber, used particularly in applications requiring high strength and stiffness. Continuous fibers can effectively transfer loads along their length. In contrast, random fibers consist of short, randomly oriented fibers, which can provide isotropic reinforcement in fiber-reinforced or fiber-reinforced composite components. The mechanical properties of random fibers can be the same in all directions, making them ideal for applications where loads are unpredictable. Continuous fibers can be particularly strong and stiff along their length.
[0014] A fiber-reinforced composite component has a matrix, in particular a ceramic matrix. The functionalized textile is embedded in the matrix during the manufacturing process. The functionalized textile can be a semi-finished product that is further processed into the fiber-reinforced composite component. Alternatively, the functionalized textile can be directly incorporated into an application where the use of matrix materials is not functionally necessary. The functionalized textile can be structurally modified through further processing. The matrix can completely or almost completely surround the functionalized textile. The functionalized textile can be embedded in the matrix without gaps or with gaps. The matrix can be porous or non-porous. The functionalized textile can, for example, be visible at one end of the fiber-reinforced composite component or be completely encased.The matrix can be formed from an inorganic non-metallic material, a carbide, or a metal oxide, such as silicon carbide or aluminum oxide.
[0015] The fiber, or at least one fiber, of the functionalized textile can contain a MAX phase component. This component can form a sub-region of the fiber. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878
[0016] like a layer, a core, and / or a shell. All fibers of the functionalized textile can each contain a MAX phase component. Alternatively, only some fibers may contain the MAX phase component. The fibers of the functionalized textile can be identical or different in structure.
[0017] MAX-Phase is a material with special properties. MAX-Phase materials can be multi-layered, consisting of homogeneous layers of carbides and metals bonded together by covalent bonds. These layers form automatically during the material's production and can slide against each other due to the covalent bonding. In the event of damage, the energy of a crack can therefore be absorbed by the sliding processes within the MAX-Phase. This allows the MAX-Phase component, for example, to fill the gaps between the ceramic matrix and the reinforcing fibers of a textile and / or a porous ceramic matrix in a fiber-reinforced composite. Under overload, the MAX-Phase component can bend instead of fracturing, as is the case with conventional materials.
[0018] MAX phases, as materials, form a group of ternary layered compounds that do not contain oxygen. MAX phases can be carbon and / or nitrogen based. "MAX" in the designation MAX phases refers to the constituents of such materials. M can be a transition metal, particularly an early transition metal. A can be a main group element, such as a main group element from groups 13, 14, or 15, or also a transition metal. X represents carbon and / or nitrogen. MAX phases can be ceramics. MAX phases are often suitable as high-temperature materials. MAX phases can combine the advantages of metals and ceramics in a single material. MAX phases can exhibit high toughness, quasi-ductile fracture mechanisms, good machinability, and / or high electrical conductivity, similar to many metals.MAX phases can exhibit high oxidation and / or corrosion resistance, comparable to many oxide ceramics. MAX phases can be chemically very resistant. The functionalized textile and the raw fiber can be designed to provide additional, targeted functions, which are described in the following document: RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878.
[0019] Beyond basic textile properties, the resulting fiber can achieve specific properties such as high mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and electrical conductivity, which are not present in conventional fibers and textiles. These functional characteristics are the result of targeted synthesis and surpass the performance of individual materials. For example, silicon-based MAX phases are temperature-stable up to 1500 °C, and aluminum-based MAX phases up to 1300 °C. Typical examples of MAX phases include Ti₂AIC, Ti₃AIC₂, Ti₃SiC₂, Ti₂Al₅, Cr₂AIC, and Nb₂AIC.
[0020] The process includes a step involving the provision of at least one raw fiber. If multiple raw fibers are provided, they can be in the form of fiber bundles or textiles. The raw fiber can form a precursor for the fiber to be produced. If the raw fiber is part of a textile, this textile can also serve as a precursor for the functionalized textile to be produced and can be referred to as a precursor textile. After the process, the raw fiber forms the fiber containing the MAX phase. However, the raw fiber may also be, for example, free of any MAX phase content. The raw fiber can be a continuous filament. The precursor textile can contain multiple raw fibers. The arrangement of the fibers in the precursor textile can already correspond to that in the functionalized textile. For example, only the material composition and, optionally, the thickness of the raw fibers may differ from those of the fibers to be produced.In contrast, a relative arrangement of the respective fibers or fiber sections to each other can already essentially correspond to the desired arrangement in the functionalized textile.
[0021] The crude fiber consists of an X-substance component within the MAX phase of the fiber as a material. This may require treatment, for example, to remove layers of other materials from the crude fiber. The preparation of the crude fiber may involve a pretreatment step. For instance, pyrolysis of organic precursors can occur, converting them to carbide, which can then form a substrate for the reactive synthesis of the MAX phase. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878
[0022] The provision of the raw fiber or precursor textile may involve the production of the raw fibers. For example, the raw fibers may be produced by melt spinning and / or solvent spinning and / or carbonizing. The provision of the precursor textile may involve the manufacturing of the textile, for example, by weaving, braiding, knitting, laying, crocheting and / or a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process of the precursor textile from the respective raw fibers or a precursor for the raw fiber.
[0023] The process also includes a step of contacting the raw fiber with the remaining components of the MAX phase portion of the fiber. For example, a powder containing a mixture of M-material and A-material can be applied to the raw fiber or the precursor textile. The raw fiber can then be placed in this powder. Alternatively, the raw fiber can be continuously drawn through the remaining components of the MAX phase portion, for example, in a roll-to-roll process. If the raw fiber is provided as part of a precursor textile, contacting can be achieved, for example, by infiltration with the remaining components of the MAX phase portion of the reinforcement. This infiltration can include impregnation. The remaining components can be present separately before conversion. These remaining components can include, for example, titanium, silicon, chromium, aluminum, and / or niobium.
[0024] During this process, and particularly during the contacting step, the respective stoichiometric ratios of the components can be adjusted to avoid undesirable secondary phases. For example, at least the components of the MAX phase that are not formed by the crude fiber are completely or almost completely consumed to form the MAX phase. However, it is also possible to consume all components.
[0025] The process includes a step of converting at least a portion of the crude fiber and the remaining material components into the MAX phase fraction of the fiber. This conversion allows the MAX phase fraction to be generated in the precursor textile or its crude fiber, thus enabling the production of the fiber to be manufactured from the crude fiber. Similarly, the functionalized textile can also be produced from the precursor textile. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878
[0026] The conversion can be achieved by heating. For example, the raw fiber in contact with the other components of the MAX phase fraction or the infiltrated precursor textile can be heated to 900 to 1500 °C, particularly 1100 to 1300 °C. This temperature can be maintained for at least 0.5 hours, particularly at least 1 hour. The conversion can also involve applying pressure greater or less than atmospheric pressure. The conversion can enable a homogeneous reaction between the raw fiber and the components of the MAX phase fraction in contact with it. Through the conversion, the MAX phase fraction can be synthesized. This allows for the cost-effective, industrial-scale production of a fiber or, in general, a functionalized textile containing a MAX phase fraction.
[0027] The contacting, in particular infiltration, and / or conversion can be carried out, for example, in a continuous or batch process. For instance, the conversion can take place while the crude fiber is being drawn through the other fabric components, for example, by appropriate heating. A further aspect of the invention relates to a manufacturing device configured to carry out the process according to the first aspect. Corresponding features and advantages of the first aspect also constitute features and advantages of the further aspect, and vice versa.
[0028] In one embodiment of the process, the raw fiber is designed as a carbon fiber. Alternatively or additionally, the raw fiber can be designed as a continuous fiber. When using continuous fibers as the raw fiber, the raw fiber can also consist of an M-component, an X-component, or a mixture of two components of the MAX phase component. The raw fiber can, for example, serve as a carbon source for the conversion and thus the generation of the MAX phase component. The raw fiber can be designed as a carbon fiber, in particular carbon fiber. Precursor textiles with carbon fibers as raw fibers can be produced cost-effectively on an industrial scale.
[0029] The process may include a step of removing a coating to provide the raw fiber, for example, before contacting the textile. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878
[0030] with the remaining components of the MAX phase. For example, this removal can be achieved through pretreatment with acetone or an acid, or thermally through pyrolytic degradation. This can remove, for example, a polymer coating, a sizing on the raw fibers, fats, and / or manufacturing residues. This can improve the homogeneity of the conversion.
[0031] In one embodiment of the method, the raw fiber is provided as part of a precursor textile. For example, a functionalized textile for a fiber component or fiber composite component is then produced by conversion.
[0032] In one embodiment of the method, it is provided that the contact of the raw fiber with the other material components of the MAX phase component is effected by infiltrating the precursor textile with the other material components of the MAX phase component.
[0033] In one embodiment of the process, the infiltration of the precursor textile is carried out using one of the following methods. The textile can be infiltrated using a slurry process, in particular by slurry die casting. The precursor textile can be impregnated with the slurry. The slurry can, for example, consist of a liquid and solid components. The solid components can be the material fractions of the MAX phase that are not provided by the raw fiber. The liquid can be an alcohol, such as ethanol, or even water. During the conversion process, in particular heating, the liquid components can evaporate, and the solid components can then diffuse into the raw fiber. A solid-state reaction can then occur. This can, for example, result in a particularly homogeneous crystal structure in the MAX phase fraction.Infiltration can be carried out under positive pressure and / or vacuum to improve the penetration of solid components into the spaces of the precursor textile. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878.
[0034] The infiltration of the precursor textile can be achieved using a molten salt process. In this process, substances such as potassium bromide or sodium chloride are liquefied by heating. The liquid salt can contain the components of the MAX phase that are not provided by the raw fiber, for example, as solid particles or molten. The molten salt process can be particularly suitable for continuous operation. Furthermore, the molten salt process can simultaneously provide the necessary heating for the conversion and / or inherently create an oxygen-free environment.
[0035] The infiltration of the precursor textile can be achieved using a sol-gel process. This process utilizes a colloidal dispersion containing components of the MAX phase that are not provided by the raw fiber. The sol-gel process can enable a particularly efficient conversion to the MAX phase.
[0036] In one embodiment of the method, drying is carried out after contacting, particularly after infiltration. Drying can be achieved by heating and / or applying a vacuum. Drying can be part of the heating process for conversion or a separate process step. After infiltration, the infiltrated precursor textile can be stored wet and dried only when the conversion is to take place.
[0037] In one embodiment of the method, the contacting, and in particular the infiltration, is carried out under vacuum. This can improve the penetration of the material components of the MAX phase, which are not provided by the raw fiber, into the precursor textile. For example, the pressure in a container used for infiltration can be reduced compared to atmospheric pressure. The vacuum can also reduce or completely remove oxygen from the surrounding environment.
[0038] In one embodiment of the process, the conversion involves heating the raw fiber in contact with the other components of the MAX phase. For example, the conversion can involve heating the impregnated [Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878]
[0039] The precursor textile must be present. Heating can be achieved, for example, by introducing the raw fiber or precursor textile into the molten salt and / or using an oven. Alternatively or additionally, the conversion can be carried out under oxygen exclusion. For this purpose, the molten salt bath, a protective gas such as argon, and / or a vacuum can be used. Oxygen exclusion can improve the conversion to the desired MAX phases and reduce or completely prevent the formation of other phases.
[0040] In one embodiment of the process, only a surface layer of the raw fiber is converted into the MAX phase. This surface layer can be a sheath of the raw fiber. It can also be the radially outermost layer. Furthermore, it can form the bonding layer with the matrix in the fiber composite component. Another layer of the fiber in the reinforcing textile can be made of a different material, such as the raw fiber material. For example, the fibers in the reinforcing textile can have a carbon core and a MAX phase sheath. The resulting fiber can be free of any other phases or materials besides the raw fiber material and the MAX phase. "Free of other phases or materials" can mean that such byproducts are formed only to a negligible extent, or that no such byproducts are formed at all.
[0041] In one embodiment of the process, the conversion process completely transforms the raw fiber into the MAX phase. The proportion of MAX phase in the continuous fiber of the reinforcing textile can therefore be, for example, 100% or nearly 100%. The resulting fiber, particularly the continuous fiber in the reinforcing textile, can thus consist of a single material: the desired MAX phase.
[0042] A second aspect concerns a functionalized textile for a fiber component or a fiber composite component. The functionalized textile and / or the fiber of the functionalized textile may have been produced using a process according to the first aspect. Corresponding characteristics and advantages of the first aspect also constitute characteristics and advantages of the second aspect, and vice versa. The functionalized textile exhibits [Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878]
[0043] one or more fibers, each containing a MAX phase, in particular wherein the fibers are formed as continuous fibers. The fibers can, for example, consist of a MAX phase or at least have an outer layer of MAX phase.
[0044] A third aspect concerns a fiber composite component. This component comprises a matrix and a functionalized textile. The functionalized textile can be arranged within the fiber composite component according to the load and designed to primarily absorb tensile forces acting on the fiber composite component. The functionalized textile can serve as the reinforcing textile of the fiber composite component. The functionalized textile contains at least one fiber with a MAX phase component. The functionalized textile can be a functionalized textile according to the second aspect and / or be manufactured using the process described in the first aspect. Corresponding features and advantages of the first and second aspects also constitute features and advantages of the third aspect, and vice versa.
[0045] In one embodiment of the fiber composite component, a bonding layer is formed between the fiber of the functionalized textile and the matrix consisting of the MAX phase. The MAX phase portion of the fiber can form this bonding layer with the matrix. This allows for advantageous overload resistance without the need for gaps between the matrix and the functionalized textile and / or a porous matrix.
[0046] In one embodiment of the fiber composite part, the matrix is designed as a ceramic. For example, the matrix can be a non-oxide or oxide matrix. To produce the matrix, the matrix components can be sintered together with the reinforcing textile, for example, in a mold.
[0047] In one embodiment of the fiber composite part, the matrix is formed from a MAX phase. This can be a different or the same MAX phase. (Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878)
[0048] The phase is similar to the MAX phase fraction of the fibers in the functionalized textile. The matrix can consist monolithically of a single MAX phase or contain several different MAX phases, for example, in a layered structure.
[0049] Brief description of the characters
[0050] Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a method for producing a reinforcing textile for a fiber composite component.
[0051] Fig. 2 schematically illustrates a reinforcing textile for a fiber composite part.
[0052] Fig. 3 schematically illustrates in a sectional view a fiber composite part with a first embodiment of a reinforcing textile.
[0053] Fig. 4 schematically illustrates in a sectional view a fiber composite part with a second embodiment of a reinforcing textile.
[0054] Detailed description of embodiments
[0055] Fig. 1 schematically shows a process for producing a reinforcing textile 10 for a fiber composite component as a functionalized textile, which is shown in a top view in Fig. 2. In step 12, continuous carbon fibers are produced from precursor continuous fibers by carbonization. In step 14, a precursor textile is produced from these, in the example shown by braiding. Through steps 12 and 14, the precursor textile with the respective raw fibers is thus produced. The textile forms a precursor for the reinforcing textile 10 and its respective continuous fibers 100. The raw fibers consist of the X-material fraction, a softer material fraction in a MAX-phase fraction of continuous fibers 100 of the reinforcing textile 10, as the material. In this case, this is carbon, and the raw fibers are formed as carbon fibers.Alternatively, a textile can already be formed from the precursor continuous fibers and then carbonized to produce carbon fibers in an already textile arrangement in order to create the precursor for the reinforcing textile 10. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878.
[0056] In step 16, the textile containing the carbon fiber raw materials is infiltrated with the remaining components of the MAX phase portion of the reinforcing textile 10. In the example shown, these remaining components are titanium, silicon, and traces of aluminum for stabilization. The stoichiometric ratios of these remaining components are such that no secondary phases are generated during the production of the MAX phase portion, at least not in the continuous fibers 100. For example, the molar ratios for titanium / silicon / aluminum are 3 / 1 / 0.1. In one embodiment, the infiltration is carried out by means of slip die casting or wet impregnation. In this process, the titanium, silicon, and aluminum are in powder form, and ethanol is used as the liquid component of the slip. In another embodiment, a molten salt process is used. In this process, the titanium, silicon, and aluminum components are present in a salt, for example, potassium bromide.The salt may already be melted upon contact with the textile containing the raw fibers. Alternatively, the textile containing the carbon fiber raw fibers can first be surrounded by solid salt along with the other components required to create the MAX phase. The salt is then subsequently melted by heating.
[0057] Before infiltration, the raw fibers or the entire textile can optionally be cleaned, for example by soaking in acetone. This allows any manufacturing-related polymer coating to be at least partially or even completely removed from the raw fibers. The cleaning medium can be removed before further processing, for example by drying.
[0058] In step 18, at least a portion of the crude fiber and the remaining fabric components are converted into the MAX phases. This involves heating, for example, at a heating rate of 2-10 K / min to 1100-1300 °C. This temperature is maintained for at least one hour. Cooling then takes place, for example, at a cooling rate of 2-10 K / min. If the molten salt process was used, the now solidified salt can subsequently be washed out, for example, with water. The heat treatment can be carried out in the absence of oxygen. (Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878)
[0059] In the molten salt process, the molten salt can create an encapsulation from the atmosphere, thus excluding oxygen. When using slip die casting and / or sol-gel processes for infiltration, a protective atmosphere, for example with argon, can be employed.
[0060] In the example shown, the reinforcing textile 10 then has one or more identically structured continuous fibers 100, as shown in Fig. 2. The continuous fibers 100 each have a MAX phase content due to the conversion.
[0061] Figure 3 shows a section view of a fiber composite part 30 with a first embodiment of the reinforcing textile 10. Only a continuous fiber 100 is shown in cross-section.
[0062] The continuous fiber 100 is embedded without gaps in direct contact within a matrix 40. In this case, the matrix 40 is a solid, and therefore non-porous, oxide or non-oxide ceramic. In other embodiments, the matrix 40 can also be formed from the MAX phase.
[0063] The continuous fiber 100 has an outer layer 102, which was produced by converting a radially outer region of the raw fiber. In this embodiment, the outer layer 102 forms the MAX phase component. The continuous fiber 100 also has a core 104, which is also made of carbon. No further layer of other material is provided between the core 104 and the outer layer 102. The transition between the outer layer 102 and the core 104 can be largely discrete, but may, for example, exhibit slight deviations in radial position, similar to rust. The outer layer 102 forms a bonding layer between the continuous fiber 100 and the matrix 40. An end-face outer layer can also form at each end face of the continuous fiber 100.
[0064] Figure 4 shows a sectioned view of a fiber composite part 30 with a second embodiment of the reinforcing textile 10. Only a continuous fiber 100 is shown in cross-section. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the RWTH Aachen University (Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878)
[0065] Continuous fiber 100 now consists entirely of the MAX phase fraction. The carbon of the raw fiber has therefore been completely converted. In the example shown, the continuous fiber 100 is solid throughout. In another embodiment, a hollow continuous fiber 100 can also be formed through complete conversion. Even with the solid design, a recess can occur at each end face of the continuous fiber 100.
[0066] Analogous to the reinforcing textile 10, a single fiber, for example in the form of a continuous fiber, can also be produced. First, a raw fiber in the form of a continuous fiber is provided by carbonization. This raw fiber is then contacted with the remaining material components of the MAX phase portion of the fiber to be produced. Then, at least a portion of the raw fiber and the remaining material components are converted to produce the fiber with the MAX phase portion. The fiber produced in this way can be formed like the continuous fiber 100 shown in Fig. 3 or Fig. 4. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO
[0067] RWTH file number: 2878
[0068] Reference mark
[0069] 10 Reinforcing textile
[0070] Step 12: Carbonization
[0071] Step 14: Fiber or textile production Step 16: Contacting or infiltration Step 18: Conversion
[0072] 30 fiber composite part
[0073] 40 Matrix
[0074] 100 continuous fibers
[0075] 102 Edge layer
[0076] 104 core
Claims
RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878 Patent claims 1. A method for producing a fiber with a MAX phase fraction, wherein the method comprises at least the following steps: - Providing (12, 14) at least one crude fiber, wherein the crude fiber consists of an X-substance component in the MAX-phase component of the fiber as a material; - Contacting (16) the crude fiber with other components of the MAX-phase component of the fiber; - Convert (18) at least part of the crude fiber and the remaining material components into the MAX phase component of the fiber.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The raw fiber is formed as a carbon fiber and / or as a continuous fiber.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw fiber is provided as part of a precursor textile, in particular wherein a functionalised textile (10) for a fiber component or fiber composite component is produced by the conversion.
4. Method according to claim 3, wherein The contact of the raw fiber with the other material components of the MAX phase fraction is achieved by infiltrating the precursor textile with the other material components of the MAX phase fraction.
5. Method according to claim 4, wherein The infiltration of the precursor textile is carried out using one of the following methods: - By means of a slip process, in particular by means of slip die casting; - By means of a molten salt process; or - Using a sol-gel process.
6. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein drying takes place after contact (16). and / or The contact (16) takes place in a vacuum. RWTH Aachen University 69239P WO RWTH-AZ.: 2878 7. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the conversion (18) involves heating the crude fiber in contact with the other material components of the MAX phase fraction, especially under exclusion of oxygen.
8. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein by converting (18) only an outer layer (102) of the crude fiber is converted into the MAX phase or The conversion process completely transforms the crude fiber into the MAX phase.
9. Functionalized textile (10) for a fiber component or a fiber composite component, wherein the functionalized textile (10) has at least one fiber (100) with a MAX phase fraction, in particular wherein the functionalised textile (10) and / or a fiber of the functionalised textile (10) was produced by a method according to one of the preceding claims.
10. Fiber composite part (30) with a matrix (40) and with a functionalized textile (10), wherein the functionalized textile (10) has at least one fiber (100) with a MAX phase fraction.
11. Fiber composite part (30) according to claim 10, wherein a bonding layer of the fiber (100) of the functionalized textile (10) is formed with the matrix (40) of MAX phase.
12. Fiber composite part (30) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the matrix (40) is formed as a ceramic and / or where matrix (40) is formed from MAX phase.