Oral cleaning device for tartar removal

Abstract

An oral cleaning device, including a cleaning unit, a body portion, and a drive-train assembly, is provided. The cleaning unit includes a head and an elastomeric element. The elastomeric element includes a first end and a second end. The first end is fixed to the head. A first cross-section of the elastomeric element includes a point at the second end of the elastomeric element. A second cross-section of the elastomeric element includes a curved edge at the second end of the elastomeric element. The body portion is coupled with the cleaning unit. The cleaning unit and the body portion are arranged along a longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device. The drive-train assembly is arranged within the body portion and configured to periodically drive the cleaning unit about a lateral axis of the oral cleaning device. The lateral axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

Description

Philips Docket: 2025PF00089ORAL CLEANING DEVICE FOR TARTAR REMOVALField of the Disclosure

[0001] The present disclosure is generally directed to an oral cleaning device for tartar removal.Background

[0002] Dental calculus, also known as tartar, is a hard deposit that forms on teeth due to mineralization of dental plaque. It consists of bacteria, food particles, and minerals like calcium. It impacts oral health in several ways. First, letting dental calculus build up provides shelter for bacteria, allowing for formation of even more dental plaque. In this way, dental calculus acts as a plaque shelter and contributes to tooth decay and gum disease. Second, dental calculus can lead to gum inflammation, causing conditions like gingivitis and periodontitis. These conditions can damage oral health. Third, treating and removing calculus is essential but challenging. Incomplete removal can lead to reinfection and tooth loss.

[0003] Unlike plaque, which an individual can remove with brushing and flossing, tartar requires professional intervention. Dentists or hygienists use specialized tools for efficient removal, including ultrasonic scalers that vibrate at high speeds. They may also use curettes, dental chisels, or even specialized lasers to get rid of calculus. During a dental cleaning, the dental professional will perform a process called scaling. In scaling, the dental professional carefully scrapes off the hardened deposits from tooth surfaces and below the gum line.Summary of the Disclosure

[0004] The present disclosure is generally directed to an oral cleaning device, such as a powered toothbrush. The oral cleaning device includes a cleaning unit and a body portion arranged along a longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device. The cleaning unit includes a head, a shaft coupling the head to the body portion, and an elastomeric element extending from the head. The elastomeric element is defined by a pair of perpendicular cross-sections. In a first cross-section, a point is formed at a distal end of the elastomeric element. In the second cross-section, a radius is formed at the distal end of the elastomeric element. The body portion of the oral cleaning device includes a drive-train assembly configured to periodically drive the head about a lateral axis of the oral cleaning device, such that the lateral axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. ThisPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089movement of the head may be considered a “tapping motion,” as the head moves in a vertical, up-down, pulsing motion relative to a tooth of a user. Driving the head in this manner is effective in cleaving and pulverizing tarter buildup while sparing adjacent soft tissues due to the shape of the elastomeric element.

[0005] The elastomeric element may include an outer shell and an inner core. The outer shell may be comprised of thermoplastic polyurethane, while the inner core may be comprised of polypropylene. In order to facilitate tartar pulverizing and cleaving, the outer shell may have a Shore hardness of at least 80A (such as 95A), and the head may be configured to move at an amplitude 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm (such as 1 mm) and at a frequency of 200 Hz to 350 Hz (such as 260 Hz). Further, the head may include more than one elastomeric element, as well as a plurality of bristles. The elastomeric elements and the bristles each extend from the head in the same direction. In some examples, the bristles may surround the elastomeric elements. In some examples, the elastomeric elements may have longer lengths than the bristles, while in other examples, the bristles may have longer lengths than the elastomeric elements.

[0006] The head may also be periodically driven according to a “sweeping motion” such that head moves about the longitudinal axis for additional cleaning. The tapping motion and the sweeping motion may be performed simultaneously, or the head may alternate between tapping motions and sweeping motions.

[0007] Generally, in one aspect, a cleaning unit for an oral cleaning device is provided. The cleaning unit includes a head.

[0008] The cleaning unit further includes a shaft. The shaft is configured to couple the head to a body portion of the oral cleaning device. The shaft is further configured to periodically move the head in a first direction about a lateral axis of the oral cleaning device. The lateral axis is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

[0009] The cleaning unit further includes an elastomeric element. The elastomeric element includes a first end and a second end. The first end is fixed to the head. A first cross-section of the elastomeric element includes a point at the second end of the elastomeric element. A second crosssection of the elastomeric element includes a curved edge at the second end of the elastomeric element.

[0010] According to an example, the elastomeric element includes an outer shell and an inner core.Philips Docket: 2025PF00089

[0011] According to an example, the outer shell comprises thermoplastic polyurethane.

[0012] According to an example, the inner core comprises polypropylene.

[0013] According to an example, the outer shell has a Shore hardness of at least 80A.

[0014] According to an example, the oral cleaning unit further includes a plurality of bristles extending from the head.

[0015] According to an example, a radius of the curved edge is at least one-third of a width of the second cross-section.

[0016] According to an example, the first cross-section is perpendicular to the second crosssection.

[0017] Generally, in another aspect, an oral cleaning device is provided. The oral cleaning device includes a cleaning unit. The cleaning unit includes a head.

[0018] The cleaning unit further includes an elastomeric element. The elastomeric element includes a first end and a second end. The first end is fixed to the head. A first cross-section of the elastomeric element includes a point at the second end of the elastomeric element. A second crosssection of the elastomeric element includes a curved edge at the second end of the elastomeric element.

[0019] The oral cleaning device further includes a body portion. The body portion is coupled with the cleaning unit. The cleaning unit and the body portion are arranged along a longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

[0020] The oral cleaning device further includes a drive-train assembly. The drive-train assembly is arranged within the body portion. The drive-train assembly is configured to periodically move the cleaning unit about a lateral axis of the oral cleaning device. The lateral axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

[0021] According to an example, the cleaning unit is configured to move at an amplitude of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and at a frequency of 200 Hz to 350 Hz.

[0022] According to an example, the cleaning unit is detachable from the body portion.

[0023] According to an example, the drive-train assembly is further configured to periodically move the cleaning unit about the longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

[0024] Generally, in a further aspect, a method for tooth cleaning using an oral cleaning device is provided. The method includes attaching a cleaning unit to the oral cleaning device. The cleaning unit comprises an elastomeric element comprising a first end and a second end. The first end isPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089fixed to a head of the cleaning unit. A first cross-section of the elastomeric element includes a point at the second end of the elastomeric element. A second cross-section of the elastomeric element includes a curved edge at the second end of the elastomeric element.

[0025] The method further includes periodically moving, via a drive-train assembly arranged within a body portion of the oral cleaning device, the cleaning unit about a lateral axis of the oral cleaning device. The lateral axis is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

[0026] According to an example, the cleaning unit is configured to move at an amplitude of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and at a frequency of 200 Hz to 350 Hz.

[0027] According to an example, the method further includes periodically rotating, via the drive-train assembly, the cleaning unit about the longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

[0028] In various implementations, a processor or controller may be associated with one or more storage media (generically referred to herein as “memory,” e.g., volatile and non-volatile computer memory such as RAM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, floppy disks, compact disks, optical disks, magnetic tape, SSD, etc.). In some implementations, the storage media may be encoded with one or more programs that, when executed on one or more processors and / or controllers, perform at least some of the functions discussed herein. Various storage media may be fixed within a processor or controller or may be transportable, such that the one or more programs stored thereon can be loaded into a processor or controller so as to implement various aspects as discussed herein. The terms “program” or “computer program” are used herein in a generic sense to refer to any type of computer code (e.g., software or microcode) that can be employed to program one or more processors or controllers.

[0029] It should be appreciated that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts discussed in greater detail below (provided such concepts are not mutually inconsistent) are contemplated as being part of the inventive subject matter disclosed herein. In particular, all combinations of claimed subject matter appearing at the end of this disclosure are contemplated as being part of the inventive subject matter disclosed herein. It should also be appreciated that terminology explicitly employed herein that also may appear in any disclosure incorporated by reference should be accorded a meaning most consistent with the particular concepts disclosed herein.

[0030] These and other aspects of the various embodiments will be apparent from and elucidated with reference to the embodiment s) described hereinafter.Philips Docket: 2025PF00089Brief Description of the Drawings

[0031] In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to the same parts throughout the different views. Also, the drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead generally being placed upon illustrating the principles of the various embodiments.

[0032] FIG. l is a schematic representation of an oral cleaning device, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0033] FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic representation of a portion of an oral cleaning device using a tapping motion, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0034] FIG. 3 is a simplified schematic representation of an end view of an oral cleaning device configured to employ tapping motions, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0035] FIG. 4A is a simplified schematic representation of a front view of an oral cleaning device, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0036] FIG. 4B is a simplified schematic representation of a side view of an oral cleaning device, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0037] FIG. 5A is a simplified schematic representation of a head of an oral cleaning device having an elastomeric element that is longer than a plurality of bristles, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0038] FIG. 5B is a simplified schematic representation of a head of an oral cleaning device having an elastomeric element that is shorter than a plurality of bristles, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0039] FIG. 6A is an isometric view of an elastomeric element, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0040] FIG. 6B is a first cross-sectional view of an elastomeric element, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0041] FIG. 6C is a second cross-sectional view of an elastomeric element, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0042] FIG. 7 is a plot showing a desired operating region for impact energy provided by an oral cleaning device with respect to tarter removal and preservation of dental enamel, according to aspects of the present disclosure.Philips Docket: 2025PF00089

[0043] FIG. 8 is a plot showing impact fatigue of porcelain enamel, according to aspects of the present disclosure.

[0044] FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method for tooth cleaning using an oral cleaning device, according to aspects of the present disclosure.Detailed Description of Embodiments

[0045] The present disclosure is generally directed to an oral cleaning device, such as a powered toothbrush. The oral cleaning device includes a cleaning unit and a body portion arranged along a longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device. The cleaning unit includes a head, a shaft coupling the head to the body portion, and an elastomeric element extending from the head. The elastomeric element is defined by a pair of perpendicular cross-sections. In a first cross-section, a point is formed at a distal end of the elastomeric element. In the second cross-section, a radius is formed at the distal end of the elastomeric element. The body portion of the oral cleaning device includes a drive-train assembly configured to periodically drive the cleaning unit about a lateral axis of the oral cleaning device, such that the lateral axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. This movement of the head may be considered a “tapping motion.” Driving the cleaning unit in this manner is effective in cleaving and pulverizing tarter buildup while sparing adjacent soft tissues due to the shape of the elastomeric element.

[0046] Turning now to the figures, and referring to FIG. 1, an example oral cleaning device 100 including a body portion 102 with a housing and a cleaning unit 104 mounted on the body portion 102 is provided. The oral cleaning device 100 is represented as part of a system S for tartar removal by employing tapping motions (or tapping motions employed in conjunction with sweeping motions). In some examples, the oral cleaning device 100 may be referred to as a toothbrush or a powered toothbrush. The cleaning unit 104 includes, at its end remote from the body portion 102, a head 114. The head 114 includes a face 115, which provides a plurality of cleaning elements in the form of elastomeric elements 108 and bristles 116. In particular, moving the elastomeric elements 108 according to the tapping motions enables tartar removal by pulverizing tartar deposited on teeth of a user. According to an embodiment, the elastomeric elements 108 and the bristles 116 extend along an axis substantially perpendicular to an axis of elongation of the cleaning unit, although many other embodiments of the cleaning unit 104 and cleaning elements are possible.Philips Docket: 2025PF00089

[0047] The cleaning unit 104, the head 114, and / or the face 115 are mounted so as to be able to move relative to the body portion 102. In the example of FIG. 1, a shaft 106 couples the cleaning unit 104 to the body portion 102. The movement can be any of a variety of different movements, including vibrations or rotation, among others. According to one embodiment, the cleaning unit 104 is mounted to the body portion 102 so as to be able to vibrate relative to body housing 102, or, as another example, the head 114 is mounted to the cleaning unit 104 so as to be able to vibrate relative to the body portion 102, or, as another example, the face 115 is mounted to the cleaning unit 104 so as to be able to vibrate relative to the body portion 102. The cleaning unit 104 can be fixedly mounted onto the body portion 102, or it may alternatively be detachably mounted so that the cleaning unit 104 can be replaced with a new one when the cleaning elements or another component of the device are worn out and require replacement.

[0048] The body portion 102 includes a drive-train assembly 122 with an actuator or motor for generating movement and a transmission component 124 (also referred to as a drive-train shaft or internal shaft), for transmitting the generated movements to cleaning unit 104. For example, the drive-train assembly 122 may comprise a motor or electromagnet(s) that generates movement of the transmission component 124, which is subsequently transmitted to the cleaning unit 104. The drive-train assembly 122 can include components such as a power supply, an oscillator, and one or more electromagnets, among other components. In this embodiment, the power supply may comprise one or more rechargeable batteries, not shown, which can, for example, be electrically charged in a charging holder in which the oral cleaning device 100 is placed when not in use.

[0049] The body portion 102 is further provided with a user input 126 to activate and deactivate the drive-train assembly 122. The user input 126 allows a user to operate the oral cleaning device 100, for example, to turn the oral cleaning device 100 on and off. The user input 126 may, for example, be a button, touch screen, user interface, or switch. The body portion 102 can further be provided with a mode input 128 for selecting different operating modes which are selectable by the user. Mode input 128 allows a user to operate the oral cleaning device 100, for example, to switch between different modes of the drive-train assembly 122. Mode input 128 may, for example, be a button, touch screen, user interface, or switch. Indicators 129 such as light emitting diodes (LEDs) or any suitable alternative can also be included in the body portion 102 for indicating whether the oral cleaning device 100 is activated and which of the different operatingPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089modes is selected for example. Indicators 129 can also be used to direct the user to focus on particular areas of the user’s mouth as described herein.

[0050] In some examples, the body portion 102 of the oral cleaning device 100 also comprises a controller 130. The controller 130 may be formed of one or multiple modules, and is configured to operate the oral cleaning device 100 in response to an input, such as input obtained via the user input 126 or an input from one or more sensors within the oral cleaning device 100. The controller 130 can comprise, for example, a processor 132 and a memory 134, and can optionally include a connectivity module 138. The processor 132 may take any suitable form, including but not limited to a microcontroller, multiple microcontrollers, circuitry, a single processor, or plural processors. The memory 134 can take any suitable form, including a non-volatile memory and / or randomaccess memory (RAM). The non-volatile memory may include read only memory (ROM), a hard disk drive (HDD), or a solid state drive (SSD). The memory 134 can store, among other things, an operating system as well as sensor data from sensor(s). The RAM is used by the processor for the temporary storage of data. According to an embodiment, an operating system may contain code which, when executed by controller 130, controls operation of the hardware components of oral cleaning device 100. According to an embodiment, the connectivity module 138 transmits collected sensor data, and can be any module, device, or means capable of transmitting a wired or wireless signal, including but not limited to a Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near field communication, and / or cellular module.

[0051] In embodiments, the body portion 102 of the oral cleaning device 100 also comprises one or more sensors 140. While the sensor(s) 140 of FIG. 1 are shown within body portion 102, the one or more sensors 140 may be located anywhere within the oral cleaning device 100, including, for example, within the cleaning unit 104 or the head 114. According to embodiments, one or more of the sensor(s) 140 can be integral with controller 130. In embodiments, a sensor 140 may be configured to generate information indicative of the acceleration and / or angular orientation of the oral cleaning device 100 relative to the user’s teeth. The sensor 140 can comprise an inertial motion sensor such as an accelerometer, gyroscope, or magnetic sensor. According to an embodiment, the sensor 140 is configured to provide readings of six axes of relative motion (three axes translation and three axes rotation), using for example a 3-axis gyroscope and a 3-axis accelerometer. As another example, the sensor 140 is configured to provide the readings of nine axes of relative motion using, for example, a 3-axis gyroscope, a 3-axis accelerometer, and a 3-Philips Docket: 2025PF00089axis magnetometer. Other sensors may be utilized alone or in conjunction with these sensors 140, including but not limited to a pressure sensor and other types of sensors, such as a capacitive sensor, a camera, a photocell, a clock, a timer, and other types of sensors. Many different types of sensors could be utilized, as described or otherwise envisioned herein. The sensor 140 can comprise two or more sensors that function together as a 6-axis or 9-axis spatial sensor system.

[0052] According to embodiments, the controller 130 can be programmed and / or configured to dynamically modify an output of the drive-train assembly 122 such that the motion of the cleaning elements (the elastomeric elements 108 and / or the bristles 116) of the cleaning unit 104 adapt to particular parts of the user’s mouth. As will be described in greater detail below, the elastomeric elements 108 are used to pulverize tartar deposits on the teeth of the user. The use of different operating modes based on where the cleaning unit 104 is located in the mouth improves the cleaning performance of the oral cleaning device 100 for that particular space in the user’s mouth.

[0053] The system S may further comprise a computing device 101A, which may include a processor and a non-transitory storage medium, containing program code to cause the processor to execute an algorithm in accordance with the various embodiments described herein. The computing device 101 A may be a general purpose computer, a mobile device, a custom dedicated computing device, or any other computing device capable of storing and executing the program described herein. The program operated by the computing device 101 A may be a mobile application, which may also be configured to display a graphical interface 101B of a model of user’s teeth. In alternate embodiments, the computing device 101 A may cooperate with a mobile application or with another application, for displaying a model of the user’s teeth.

[0054] As shown in FIG. 2, a simplified schematic representation of a portion of an oral cleaning device 100, e.g., a power toothbrush device, configured to generate a sweeping motion and / or a tapping motion is provided. The oral cleaning device 100 comprises the cleaning unit 104, e.g., the head 114 and the cleaning elements (e.g., elastomeric elements 108, not shown, and bristles 116), which can be driven to rotate about central longitudinal axis LO and pulse or tap in direction RD2. FIG. 2 further depicts a lateral axis LA perpendicular and / or orthogonal to the longitudinal axis LO. The directions provided in FIG. 2 are included to demonstrate the spatial terminology used in the art and the present application. As used herein, the term “vertical” means the direction indicated. Axial direction AD is parallel to the longitudinal axis LO and extends along a y-axis of the oral cleaning device 100. Radial direction RD1 is orthogonal to longitudinal axisPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089LO and radial direction RD2 and parallel to the lateral axis LA. Further, the radial direction RD1 extends along an x-axis of the oral cleaning device 100. Radial direction RD2 is orthogonal to both axial direction AD and radial direction RD1, parallel to the axes of the cleaning elements depicted, and extends along a z-axis of the oral cleaning device 100. The power tapping motion described herein refers to controllable movement of the cleaning unit 104 and / or the cleaning elements, such that the cleaning unit 104 and the cleaning elements move approximately in the radial direction RD2. In other words, the power tapping motion refers to motion of the cleaning elements that is approximately parallel to an axis of alignment of the cleaning elements. The sweeping motion refers to rotary and / or linear motion of the cleaning elements that is approximately perpendicular to the axis of alignment of the cleaning elements. In embodiments, the power tapping motion refers to controllable movement of the cleaning unit 104 and / or cleaning elements in the radial direction RD2 by rotating the drivetrain shaft 124 about the longitudinal axis LA extending in the radial direction RD1 (i.e., about an x-axis of the device).

[0055] Referring to FIG. 3, a schematic representation of an end view of the oral cleaning device 100 is provided. As discussed in greater detail herein, the oral cleaning device 100 can be configured to turn on and off the sweeping and / or tapping motions for optimizing motion to a specific region that a particular motion is most beneficial for. In some cases, the particular motion comprises either the sweeping motion alone or the tapping motion alone. In other cases, the particular motion comprises some combination of the sweeping motion and the tapping motion. The combination of the sweeping and tapping motions refers to a summation (i.e., a cumulative act, motion, or effect) of sweeps or strokes and pulses or taps. The sweeps or strokes are directed in direction SM (which would be in a direction between occlusal surfaces, i.e., biting surfaces, and the gumline when the toothbrush is held with the bristle tips pointing toward a buccal side of the teeth. The pulses or taps are directed in the vertical direction TM (which would be a lingual to facial direction when the toothbrush is held with the bristle tips pointing toward the buccal side of the teeth). In embodiments, the toothbrush is held with the bristle tips pointing toward the teeth at a 45 degree angle. As used herein, the tapping motion is defined as a substantially vertical periodic movement (i.e., direction TM) that is equal to or greater than 0.25 mm in amplitude. In embodiments, the tapping motion alone can be used for the lower lingual anterior region of the mouth. A small power tapping motion (i.e., a tapping motion with an amplitude on the smaller side of the critical range described herein) can be used with the sweeping motion for the buccal anteriorPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089region of the mouth. Alternatively, the sweeping motion alone can be used for the buccal anterior region of the mouth. A large power tapping motion (i.e., a tapping motion with higher amplitudes of the critical range described herein) can achieve better reach at interproximal regions in-between teeth with or without the sweeping motion. The power tapping motion having specific parameters can have particular applicability when used by itself for the gumline areas as further described herein. As will be discussed below, the tapping motion is used (either separately or in combination with the sweeping motion) to pulverize tartar deposits.

[0056] FIGS. 4 A and 4B show simplified schematic front and side view, respectively, diagrams of the oral cleaning device 100. In particular, FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate the previously described tapping motion. A person of ordinary skill in the art would understand that the simplified schematics of FIGS. 4A and 4B are solely for illustrative purposes, and are not presented to scale. As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the body portion 102, the cleaning unit 104 (having an elastomeric element 108), and the drive shaft 124 of the oral cleaning device 100 are aligned along a longitudinal axis LO. Further, FIG. 4A shows a lateral axis LA arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal axis LO. FIG. 4B shows the lateral axis LA as a pivot point in the side view. Accordingly, the tapping motion TM is achieved by periodically moving the cleaning unit 104 about the lateral axis LA as shown in FIG. 4B.

[0057] FIGS. 5 A and 5B show simplified cross-sections of an elastomeric element 108 arranged with the bristles 116 on the head 114 of the cleaning unit 104. While these examples illustrate a single elastomeric element 108 arranged on the head 114, in other examples, such as depicted in FIG. 1, two or more elastomeric elements 108 may be arranged on the head 114. Additionally, in some examples, the bristles 116 may completely surround the elastomeric elements 108. In other examples, no bristles 116 are arranged on the head 114, and only the elastomeric elements 108 are fixed or attached to the head 114.

[0058] As shown in FIG. 5 A, in some examples, the elastomeric elements 108 may be taller than the bristles 116, such that the elastomeric elements 108 extend out beyond a bristle plane 152. The bristle plane 152 is tangential to the distal ends of the bristles 116, wherein the proximal ends of the bristles 116 are fixed or attached to the head 114. Extending the elastomeric elements 108 beyond the bristle plane 152 ensures that the tartar pulverizing ends of the elastomeric elements 108 contacts a tooth before bristles 116 when the head is moving in the first direction DR1Philips Docket: 2025PF00089according to the tapping motion TM. Accordingly, the intended contact between the elastomeric elements 108 and the tooth is achieved without bristle interference.

[0059] As shown in FIG. 5B, in other examples, the elastomeric elements 108 may be shorter than the bristles 116 such that the elastomeric elements 108 do not extend out beyond the bristle plane 152. Accordingly, in these examples, deformation and buckling of the bristles 116 may serve to dampen contact between the elastomeric elements 108 and the tooth surface. This dampening may be intentional in examples where the tapping amplitude of the cleaning unit 104 produces an impact energy that is potentially damaging to the tooth surface. Further, surrounding the elastomeric element 108 with the bristles 116 could also improve tapping performance of the bristles 116 themselves by stabilizing the proximal end (or base) of the bristles 116 against the elastomeric element 108 to improve buckling stiffness.

[0060] FIGS. 6A-6C illustrate isometric cross-sectional views of an example elastomeric element 108. As shown in FIG. 6A, the elastomeric element 108 is defined by first end 110 and a second end 112. The first end 110 is configured to be fixed or attached to the head 114 of the cleaning unit 104, while the second end 112 is configured to impact a tooth to pulverize tartar according to the tapping motion TM. Accordingly, the first end 110 is shown as being flat to meet the head 114, while, as will be shown in greater detail in FIGS. 5B and 5C, the second end 112 is both curved and pointed to pulverize the tartar.

[0061] Further, FIG. 6A shows a pair of cross-sectional planes intersecting the elastomeric element 108. The first cross-section CS1 is shown in FIG. 6B. In the first cross-section CS1, the elastomeric element 108 is defined by a point 118, a first cross-sectional width 154, and a length 156. The point 118 is arranged as the second end 112 of the elastomeric element 108 and is used to pulverize or cleave tarter deposited on the tooth of the user. In some examples, the point 118 has a radius of 0.05 millimeters or less. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, the length 156 of the elastomeric element 108 is significantly greater than the first cross-sectional width 154. Thus, the elastomeric element 108 extends out from the head 114 of the cleaning unit 104 in the same direction as any bristles 116 also arranged on the head 114. In most examples, the first cross-sectional width 154 of the elastomeric element 108 will be greater than a corresponding width or diameter of any bristles 116 on the head 114.

[0062] Further, the second cross-section CS2 is shown in FIG. 6C. In the second cross-section, the elastomeric element 108 is defined by a curved edge 120 having a radius 146, a second crossPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089sectional width 148, and the length 156 as previously shown in FIG. 6B. In some examples, the radius 146 of the curved edge 120 may be greater than or equal to one-third of the second cross-sectional width 148. This curved edge 120 essentially extends the narrow point 118 shown in FIG.6B into a narrow edge for pulverizing and / or cleaving tartar deposits while the cleaning unit moves according to the tapping motion TM. In most examples, the second cross-sectional width 148 of the elastomeric element 108 will be greater than a corresponding width or diameter of any bristles 116 on the head 114. Further, in most examples, the second cross-sectional width 148 is greater than the first cross-sectional width 154.

[0063] In some examples, the tapping motion drives the cleaning unit 104 (and therefore the elastomeric elements 108 of the cleaning unit 104) at an amplitude of 0.5 millimeters to 3.0 millimeters, such as 1 millimeter. Further, the tapping motion may drive the cleaning unit 104 and the elastomeric elements 108 at a frequency of 200 Hertz to 350 Hertz, such as 260 Hertz.

[0064] In some examples, the elastomeric element 108 may be a unitary structure. In these examples, the elastomeric element 108 may be comprised of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The TPU may have a Shore hardness of at least 95 A. In other examples, and as illustrated in FIGS.5B and 5C, the elastomeric element 108 may include an outer shell 142 and an inner core 144. The inner core 144 may be comprised of polypropylene, while the outer shell 142 may be comprised of TPU with a Shore hardness of at least 95 A.

[0065] The elastomeric elements 108 may be formed via injection molding. For example, if the heads 114 are formed via anchor free tufting (AFT), the elastomeric element 108 may be formed in the same molding shot as an elastomer overmold used to hold the bristles 116 in place. In other embodiments, the elastomeric elements 108 may be fabricated in alternative manufacturing step, and could be fixed (such as by gluing) into a tuft carrier and overmolded into the head 114. In even further embodiments, the elastomeric elements 108 may be formed by overmolding an elastomer (such as TPU) onto a stiffer plastic feature. For example, the elastomer could be overmolded onto an elongated polypropylene.

[0066] The feasibility of using the elastomeric element 108 to remove tartar from a tooth surface was demonstrated with non-linear finite element (FE) analysis. In the analysis simulation, multiple derivations of an elastomeric tartar removing element were evaluated, including, notably, one elastomeric element 108 composed of an outer shell 142 of TPU with a Shore hardness of 95 A and an inner core 144 of polypropylene. As tartar is composed of 80% mineralized hydroxyapatitePhilips Docket: 2025PF00089(HA), the tartar simulant was composed of HA. During simulated impact, the second end 112 of the elastomeric element 108 was driven into the tartar simulant with initial conditions corresponding to tapping at a 1 millimeter amplitude and at a frequency of 264 Hz. Resulting stresses in the tartar simulant showed a maximum von Mises stress of 2.05 MPa developed in the impact region, far below the yield strength of 17 MPa of pure HA. Accordingly, a single tap of the simulated elastomeric element 108 would be insufficient to pulverize tartar.

[0067] However, the preferred method of tartar removal is by impact fatigue, or material fatigue caused by repetitive contact. This tartar removal strategy is attractive for at home use because the characteristics of the elastomeric element 108 (material, geometric shape, mass / inertia, etc.) can be tuned alongside the drive system parameters to create a cleaning response which will fatigue the mineralized plaque (tartar) but will be safe on the underlying enamel and soft tissue. It is hypothesized that a target impact energy exists that will fatigue tartar with a reasonable number of cycles that is below the fatigue limit for dental enamel. A target operating region to apply this target impact energy is illustrated in FIG. 7.

[0068] Impact fatigue data for biologic material is generally difficult to obtain, so surrogate materials have been previously used to determine approximate operating conditions and feasibility. In particular, FIG. 8 is a plot showing impact fatigue on porcelain enamel to simulate tartar build up. As shown in FIG. 8, porcelain ceramics have an impact fatigue limit of around 0.019 J. Assuming the impact fatigue properties of tartar scale with the other mechanical properties, it is reasonable to state that the impact fatigue of tartar will be roughly 10-20% of sound enamel. To determine the target number of impacts for the disclosed oral cleaning device 100, it should be noted that tartar accumulation is mostly localized to a few regions in the mouth, notably the lingual incisor region. Assuming a tapping motion at 264 Hz, there will be roughly 8,000 impacts per lingual incisor surface over a 2-minute period. Therefore, the minimum target impact energy required for tartar fatigue ranges from 0.00196 J to 0.00392 J.

[0069] Analysis of the non-linear simulation force and displacement data provided an estimate of the impact energy generated by the elastomeric element 108 contacting the simulated tartar surface. Utilizing the mass inertia properties of a conventional head 114, the impact energy was calculated at 0.00025 J, which is roughly lOx lower than the target threshold for tartar fatigue. Therefore, it is likely that the properties of the head need to be tuned to achieve the target impact performance.Philips Docket: 2025PF00089

[0070] One tuning option is to increase the mass of the head 114. For example, if a 2.29 g of mass is added to the head 114, the resulting impact energy is 0.0012 J, which is within the range of impact fatigue for tartar. Changing the mass inertia properties of the head 114 will also impact the vibration / resonance of sweeping, so both tapping / impact and sweeping must be considered when adapting the oral cleaning device 100 for use with the tartar removal element.

[0071] FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method 900 for tooth cleaning using an oral cleaning device 100. The method 900 includes, in step 902, attaching a cleaning unit 104 to the oral cleaning device 100. The cleaning unit 104 includes an elastomeric element 108. The elastomeric element includes a first end 110 and a second end 112. The first end 110 is fixed to a head 114 of the cleaning unit 104. A first cross-section CS1 of the elastomeric element 108 includes a point 118 at the second end 112 of the elastomeric element 108. A second cross-section CS2 of the elastomeric element 108 includes a curved edge 120 at the second end 112 of the elastomeric element 108.

[0072] The method 900 further includes, in step 904, periodically moving, via a drive-train assembly 122 arranged within a body portion 102 (also referring to as a body portion housing) of the oral cleaning device 100, the cleaning unit 104 about a lateral axis LA of the oral cleaning device 100. The lateral axis LA is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis LO of the oral cleaning device 100. Driving the cleaning unit 104 in this manner achieves the previously described tapping motion TM.

[0073] According to an example, in optional step 906, periodically driving, via the drive-train assembly 122, the cleaning unit 104 along the longitudinal axis LO of the oral cleaning device 100. Driving the cleaning unit 104 in this manner achieves the previously described sweeping motion SM. The sweeping motion SM may occur simultaneously or alternately with the tapping motion TM.

[0074] According to an example, the cleaning unit 104 is configured to move in the first direction DR1 at an amplitude of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and at a frequency of 200 Hz to 350 Hz.

[0075] All definitions, as defined and used herein, should be understood to control over dictionary definitions, definitions in documents incorporated by reference, and / or ordinary meanings of the defined terms.

[0076] The indefinite articles “a” and “an,” as used herein in the specification and in the claims, unless clearly indicated to the contrary, should be understood to mean “at least one.”Philips Docket: 2025PF00089

[0077] The phrase “and / or,” as used herein in the specification and in the claims, should be understood to mean “either or both” of the elements so conjoined, i.e., elements that are conjunctively present in some cases and disjunctively present in other cases. Multiple elements listed with “and / or” should be construed in the same fashion, i.e., “one or more” of the elements so conjoined. Other elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified by the “and / or” clause, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified.

[0078] As used herein in the specification and in the claims, “or” should be understood to have the same meaning as “and / or” as defined above. For example, when separating items in a list, “or” or “and / or” shall be interpreted as being inclusive, i.e., the inclusion of at least one, but also including more than one, of a number or list of elements, and, optionally, additional unlisted items. Only terms clearly indicated to the contrary, such as “only one of’ or “exactly one of,” or, when used in the claims, “consisting of,” will refer to the inclusion of exactly one element of a number or list of elements. In general, the term “or” as used herein shall only be interpreted as indicating exclusive alternatives (i.e. “one or the other but not both”) when preceded by terms of exclusivity, such as “either,” “one of,” “only one of,” or “exactly one of.”

[0079] As used herein in the specification and in the claims, the phrase “at least one,” in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from any one or more of the elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed within the list of elements and not excluding any combinations of elements in the list of elements. This definition also allows that elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified within the list of elements to which the phrase “at least one” refers, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified.

[0080] It should also be understood that, unless clearly indicated to the contrary, in any methods claimed herein that include more than one step or act, the order of the steps or acts of the method is not necessarily limited to the order in which the steps or acts of the method are recited.

[0081] In the claims, as well as in the specification above, all transitional phrases such as “comprising,” “including,” “carrying,” “having,” “containing,” “involving,” “holding,” “composed of,” and the like are to be understood to be open-ended, i.e., to mean including but notPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089limited to. Only the transitional phrases “consisting of’ and “consisting essentially of’ shall be closed or semi-closed transitional phrases, respectively.

[0082] The above-described examples of the described subject matter can be implemented in any of numerous ways. For example, some aspects may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. When any aspect is implemented at least in partin software, the software code can be executed on any suitable processor or collection of processors, whether provided in a single device or computer or distributed among multiple devices / computers.

[0083] The present disclosure may be implemented as a system, a method, and / or a computer program product at any possible technical detail level of integration. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium (or media) having computer readable program instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present disclosure.

[0084] The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can retain and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of the computer readable storage medium includes the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such as punch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructions recorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construed as being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses passing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through a wire.

[0085] Computer readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded to respective computing / processing devices from a computer readable storage medium or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network and / or a wireless network. The network may comprise copper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches,Philips Docket: 2025PF00089gateway computers and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives computer readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer readable program instructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium within the respective computing / processing device.

[0086] Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations of the present disclosure may be assembler instructions, instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state-setting data, configuration data for integrated circuitry, or either source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++, or the like, and procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages. The computer readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user’s computer, partly on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partly on the user’s computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). In some examples, electronic circuitry including, for example, programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or programmable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readable program instructions by utilizing state information of the computer readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry, in order to perform aspects of the present disclosure.

[0087] Aspects of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to examples of the disclosure. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer readable program instructions.

[0088] The computer readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions / acts specified in the flowchartPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089and / or block diagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can direct a computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and / or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer readable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises an article of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects of the function / act specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram or blocks.

[0089] The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computer implemented process, such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement the functions / acts specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram block or blocks.

[0090] The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various examples of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and / or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.

[0091] Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims and other claims to which the applicant may be entitled.

[0092] While various examples have been described and illustrated herein, those of ordinary skill in the art will readily envision a variety of other means and / or structures for performing the function and / or obtaining the results and / or one or more of the advantages described herein, and each of such variations and / or modifications is deemed to be within the scope of the examplesPhilips Docket: 2025PF00089described herein. More generally, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are meant to be exemplary and that the actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and / or configurations will depend upon the specific application or applications for which the teachings is / are used. Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific examples described herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that the foregoing examples are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, examples may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and claimed. Examples of the present disclosure are directed to each individual feature, system, article, material, kit, and / or method described herein. In addition, any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and / or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, kits, and / or methods are not mutually inconsistent, is included within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

Philips Docket: 2025PF00089ClaimsWhat is claimed is:

1. A cleaning unit (104) for an oral cleaning device (100), comprising:a head (114);a shaft (106) configured to couple the head (114) to a body portion (102) of the oral cleaning device (100) , wherein the shaft (106) is further configured to periodically move the head (114) about a lateral axis (LA) of the oral cleaning device (100), wherein the lateral axis (LA) is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis (LO) of the oral cleaning device (100); andan elastomeric element (108) comprising a first end (110) and a second end (112), wherein the first end (110) is fixed to the head (114), wherein a first cross-section (CS1) of the elastomeric element (108) comprises a point (118) at the second end (112) of the elastomeric element (108), and wherein a second cross-section (CS2) of the elastomeric element (108) comprises a curved edge (120) at the second end (112) of the elastomeric element (108).

2. The cleaning unit (104) of claim 1, wherein the elastomeric element (108) comprises an outer shell (142) and an inner core (144).

3. The cleaning unit (104) of claim 2, wherein the outer shell (142) comprises thermoplastic polyurethane.

4. The cleaning unit (104) of claim 2, wherein the inner core (144) comprises polypropylene.

5. The cleaning unit (104) of claim 2, wherein the outer shell (142) has a Shore hardness of at least 80A.

6. The cleaning unit (104) of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of bristles (116) extending from the head (114).

7. The cleaning unit (104) of claim 1, wherein a radius (146) of the curved edge (120) is at least one-third of a width (148) of the second cross-section (CS2).Philips Docket: 2025PF000898. The cleaning unit (104) of claim 1, wherein the first cross-section (CS1) is perpendicular to the second cross-section (CS2).

9. An oral cleaning device (100), comprising:a cleaning unit (104), comprising:a head (114); andan elastomeric element (108) comprising a first end (110) and a second end (112), wherein the first end (110) is fixed to the head (114), wherein a first cross-section (CS1) of the elastomeric element (108) comprises a point (118) at the second end (112) of the elastomeric element (108), and wherein a second cross-section (CS2) of the elastomeric element (108) comprises a curved edge (120) at the second end (112) of the elastomeric element (108);a body portion (102) coupled with the cleaning unit (104), wherein the cleaning unit (104) and the body portion (102) are arranged along a longitudinal axis (LO) of the oral cleaning device (100); anda drive-train assembly (122) arranged within the body portion (102) and configured to periodically move the cleaning unit (104) about a lateral axis (LA) of the oral cleaning device (100), wherein the lateral axis (LA) is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (LO) of the oral cleaning device (100).

10. The oral cleaning device (100) of claim 9, wherein the cleaning unit (104) is configured to move at an amplitude of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and at a frequency of 200 Hz to 350 Hz.

11. The oral cleaning device (100) of claim 9, wherein the cleaning unit (104) is detachable from the body portion (102).

12. The oral cleaning device (100) claim 9, wherein the drive-train assembly (122) is further configured to periodically move the cleaning unit (104) about the longitudinal axis (LO) of the oral cleaning device (100).

13. A method (900) for tooth cleaning using an oral cleaning device, comprising:Philips Docket: 2025PF00089attaching (902) a cleaning unit to the oral cleaning device, wherein the cleaning unit comprises an elastomeric element comprising a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is fixed to a head of the cleaning unit, wherein a first cross-section of the elastomeric element comprises a point at the second end of the elastomeric element, and wherein a second cross-section of the elastomeric element comprises a curved edge at the second end of the elastomeric element; andperiodically moving (904), via a drive-train assembly arranged within a body portion of the oral cleaning device, the cleaning unit about a lateral axis of the oral cleaning device, wherein the lateral axis is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

14. The method (900) of claim 13, wherein the cleaning unit is configured to move at an amplitude of 0.5 mm to 3.0 mm and at a frequency of 200 Hz to 350 Hz.

15. The method (900) of claim 13, further comprising periodically moving (906), via the drive train assembly, the cleaning unit about the longitudinal axis of the oral cleaning device.

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