A surface damage scanner and method for counting surface damage(s) on a surface of a vehicle

Abstract

A surface damage scanner (1) for detecting and counting surface damages (105) on a vehicle surface (102) comprises an image capture device (2) configured to capture an image capturing area (104) that includes at least part of the vehicle surface (102). A reference panel (4) is positioned by a fixture (6) in a specific relative position to the image capture device (2). During operation, the reference panel (4) provides a reference surface (8), which enhances dent detection by utilizing the reflection of the reference surface (8) on the vehicle surface (102).

Description

[0001] A SURFACE DAMAGE SCANNER AND METHOD FOR COUNTING SURFACE DAMAGE(S) ON A SURFACE OF A VEHICLE FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates to a surface damage scanner for counting surface damage(s) on a surface of a vehicle. The present invention further relates to method for detecting and counting surface damage(s) on a surface of a vehicle using a surface damage scanner.

[0003] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0004] Traditionally, vehicle surface inspection and damage assessment typically rely on large, stationary installations that serve as generic inspection tools designed to detect various types of damage, including extensive body deformation resulting from collisions and accidents. These installations generally feature expansive, tunnel-like structures equipped with sophisticated imaging equipment, illumination systems, and sensors. Provided to identify a broad range of vehicle surface damage, these large installations are complex, expensive, and typically require dedicated facilities. Their high installation, operational, and maintenance costs often limit their accessibility, particularly to smaller automotive repair shops, dealerships, or mobile inspection services.

[0005] In response to the complexity and costs associated with large stationary installations, alternative approaches have emerged based on handheld mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets. These devices provide greater flexibility, portability, and cost-effectiveness, enabling wider adoption across various inspectionscenarios. Nevertheless, these mobile-device-based solutions yield unsatisfactory results due to inconsistent and poorly controlled positioning of the handheld mobile devices relative to the inspected vehicle surface. The lack of a stable, controlled positioning leads to variability in the inspection outcomes, particularly when identifying and quantifying smaller, subtler dents caused by hail.

[0006] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0007] The objective of the present invention is to provide a surface damage scanner and method for detecting surface damage(s) on a surface of a vehicle, comprising but not limited to dents, in particular hail dents, scratches or other kind of surface damage, which scanner and method overcome one or more of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.

[0008] In particular, it is an objective of the present invention is to provide a reliable and inexpensive surface damage scanner, in particular a handheld or portable surface damage scanner for detecting surface damage(s) on a surface of a vehicle.

[0009] According to the present invention, these objectives are addressed by the features of the independent claims. In addition, further advantageous embodiments follow from the dependent claims and the description.

[0010] According to the present disclosure, the above-mentioned objects are particularly achieved by surface damage scanner for detecting surface damage(s) on a surface of a vehicle comprising an image capture device, such as a photo or video camera, configured to capture, during operation, an image capturing areacomprising at least part of an area of the surface of the vehicle comprising surface damage(s) to be detected. The surface damage scanner further comprises a reference panel positioned by a fixture in a specific relative position with respect to the image capture device. The reference panel provides a reference surface that improves, during operation, detection of the surface damage(s) in the image capturing area using a reflection of the reference surface from the surface of the vehicle.

[0011] Embodiments of the present invention improve the detection and counting of surface damage(s) in that inconsistent reflections and surface images are avoided by ensuring a defined relative positioning between the reference surface, the image capture device and the surface of the vehicle to be scanned.

[0012] According to an embodiment, the specific relative position comprises a predetermined distance and / or a predetermined orientation of the reference panel relative to the image capture device. Securing a predetermined distance and / or predetermined orientation between the reference panel and the image capture device addresses a key technical limitation of existing solutions — namely, inconsistent positioning leading to unreliable image captures and dent analysis results. By establishing a defined spatial relationship between the reference panel and the image capture device, repeatable and standardized conditions are ensured during operation, significantly reducing variability between measurements and thereby improving accuracy in detecting and detecting surface damage(s).

[0013] More specifically, maintaining a predetermined distance guarantees consistent scaling within each captured image, enabling precise analysis and comparison ofthe reflections of the reference surface across multiple scans or vehicle surfaces. Similarly, defining a predetermined orientation ensures uniform reflection conditions of the reference surface, which is advantageous for reliably interpreting subtle distortions caused by surface damage(s). Thus, this feature effectively enhances the precision and reliability of surface damage detection and counting, overcoming notable deficiencies of prior mobile or handheld approaches.

[0014] According to an embodiment, the reference surface is illuminated, in particular diffusely illuminated. For instance, illumination may be provided by integrated LED lights mounted on or behind the reference panel to enhance reflection visibility.

[0015] Additionally, or alternatively, the reference surface comprises a reference pattern, such as a line pattern. The reference pattern may include stripes or lines that are characterized by soft transitions or fading edges rather than hard or sharp boundaries. Such gradual transitions facilitate accurate identification of subtle reflections and surface distortions resulting from surface damage(s). While a line pattern is explicitly described, alternative reference patterns comprising other shapes or geometrical forms with similar soft or gradient-like transitions are equally encompassed. Examples include curved lines, waveforms, or smoothly blended geometrical shapes, provided these patterns produce gently fading visual references suitable for precise dent detection based on reflected images from vehicle surfaces.

[0016] According to an embodiment, the surface damage scanner further comprises a processing device configured to receive one or more images captured by theimage capture device. Alternatively, or additionally, the image capture device may capture a video recording, the processing device being configured to extract one or more images from the video recording.

[0017] The processing device is further configured to detect and count surface damage^) on the vehicle surface by processing the one or more images captured by the image capture device, analyzing a reflection of the reference surface from the vehicle surface.

[0018] According to an embodiment, the processing device is an integrated processor or microcontroller within a smartphone or tablet computer. This arrangement provides the advantage of portability, ease of operation, and immediate on-site image processing, enabling rapid and convenient detection and counting of surface damage(s) without additional external equipment. The portability facilitates flexible use across various inspection scenarios, including mobile or outdoor environments, improving overall efficiency and convenience.

[0019] According to further embodiments, the reference panel further comprises a pattern projector. The pattern projector can be implemented as a high-contrast panel, such as a TFT (thin-film transistor), LED, or similar transparent or semitransparent panel, back-illuminated by a LED light source. Utilizing a pattern projector enables dynamic projection of precise and adjustable reference patterns onto the vehicle surface. This technology offers superior visibility and clarity, enhancing the accuracy of detecting even subtle surface damage(s) by providing consistent, high-quality reference patterns.A key advantage of using a TFT panel as a pattern projector is its ability to display various predefined reference patterns stored digitally in a memory connected to or integrated into the processing unit. This flexibility allows operators to select optimal patterns tailored to specific inspection scenarios, significantly improving the differentiation and identification of dents, scratches, or other imperfections on vehicle surfaces. Furthermore, because TFT panels deliver high-contrast visuals with well-defined edges and gradients, they facilitate precise reflection detection, facilitating accurate damage analysis.

[0020] Correspondingly, the processing unit is further configured to control the pattern projector to project one or more reference patterns from a set of one or more reference patterns stored in a memory. The processing unit is further configured to detect surface damage(s) on the vehicle by comparing the one or more reference patterns as stored in the memory with the one or more reference patterns projected by the pattern projector and reflected from the surface of the vehicle. For example, the processing unit may be configured to control the pattern projector to project a sequence of reference patterns, such as a reference pattern comprising horizontal lines followed by a reference pattern comprising vertical lines. The processing unit then performs a first partial detection based on distortions (in the reflection of the reference pattern from the vehicle surface caused by damage) of horizontal lines and a second partial detection based on vertical lines and finally consolidating the first and second partial detections into a comprehensive and detailed detection of damages by comparing the reference patterns as stored in the memory with the one or more reference patterns projected by the pattern projector and reflected from the surface of the vehicle.According to an embodiment, the image capture device and / or the processing device is / are comprised by a smartphone and / or a tablet computer. These mobile devices typically include cameras, sensors, processors, and wireless connectivity, significantly simplifying the integration and operation of the surface damage scanner.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the surface damage scanner further comprises a tripod to position the surface damage scanner on the surface of the vehicle. Examples include tripod with three distinct feet designed for stable placement on vehicle surface, or alternatively, tripod featuring a supporting edge combined with at least one foot.

[0022] According to an embodiment, at least one edge of the reference panel forms part of the tripod. For instance, one edge of the reference panel could be integrated acting as a two of the three feet of the tripod, providing both mechanical support and positional reference.

[0023] According to an embodiment, the reference surface is arranged adjacent to at least one foot of the tripod, such that the reference panel extends with one edge essentially parallel to the surface of the vehicle on which the surface damage scanner is arranged in operation. This configuration ensures clear reflection visibility due to the proximity of the reference surface to the vehicle surface, increasing the accuracy of detecting subtle surface damage(s).According to an embodiment, the surface damage scanner is a handheld device, allowing an operator to freely maneuver the device over vehicle surfaces during inspection.

[0024] According to an embodiment, the surface damage scanner further comprises an interface for securing it to a floor stand. An example includes a quick-release or screw-based coupling interface, allowing the surface damage scanner to be rapidly attach and detach from a conventional floor stand or tripod, enabling flexibility between handheld use and stationary operation.

[0025] According to an embodiment, the surface damage scanner further comprises at least one indicator to indicate the area of the surface comprising surface damage^) which is detected by the image capture device. Examples include integrated laser indicators, LED markers, or visual cues projected onto the vehicle surface to precisely outline the area currently being captured, thereby ensuring full and correct coverage. Alternatively, or additionally the indicator is provided as part of the fixture, for example by providing the fixture with a bright outer surface such that a reflection of the fixture from the surface of the vehicle provides a guidance / indication to the operator.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the fixture comprises a first beam and a second beam arranged parallel and spaced apart from each other, in particular spaced apart at a distance equal to a width of the reference panel. The first beam and the second beam constitute two feet of the tripod. Each beam extends from a first end to a second end, wherein the first ends rest - during operation - on the surface of the vehicle, while the second ends are connected to the reference panel.Thereby, the first beam, the second beam, a top edge of the reference panel and a line connecting the first ends forming a rectangle. The reflection of this rectangle may act as indicator to indicate the area of the surface comprising surface damage^) which is detected by the image capture device.

[0027] Alternatively, or additionally the fixture comprises a first beam and a second beam arranged at an angle.

[0028] An example of first beam and second beam comprises two lightweight, e.g. aluminum or carbon fiber rods or tubular rails arranged parallel or angled, with the image capture device, such as a smartphone, attached at a midpoint therebetween using a secure clamp or adjustable bracket.

[0029] According to an embodiment, the feet of the tripod and / or the beams may be extendible along an intermediate section. The extension may be achieved using a telescopic arrangement, allowing the feet of the tripod and / or the beams to be adjusted in length. This adjustability enables adaptation to different vehicle surfaces and ensures optimal positioning of the surface damage scanner during operation.

[0030] According to an embodiment, the fixture comprises a securing mechanism arranged slidably along at least one beam, allowing adjustable positioning of the image capture device. A practical example includes a clamp or bracket equipped with a tightening mechanism or quick-release slider, enabling the smartphone or camera to move freely along a guide rail for optimal alignment.According to an embodiment, the reference panel is pivotally connected to the fixture, allowing adjustable orientation of the reference panel relative to the image capture device. Examples include hinge connections, friction joints, or articulated ball joints permitting smooth and stable adjustment of the angle between the reference panel and the image capture device, adapting to different vehicle geometries or inspection positions.

[0031] According to an embodiment, the fixture includes a suction cup, magnet, or weighted base to at least temporarily secure the surface damage scanner to the vehicle surface. Practical examples include industrial-grade suction cups, magnetic mounts suitable for metallic vehicle surfaces, or weighted bases covered with a soft, non-slip material to ensure temporary and secure positioning of the scanner assembly during operation.

[0032] According to a further embodiment, the reference panel comprises a plurality of adjacent reference surfaces. These adjacent reference surfaces are arranged at respective angles relative to each other. The adjacent reference surfaces, which may comprise distinct planar boards, curved projection panels, or segmented illuminated display units, are positioned to form a multi - faceted or enveloping structural background. Arranging these adjacent reference surfaces at specified angles creates a broader and more contour - conforming reflection area. This is advantageous because it ensures that a continuous and comprehensive reflection pattern is cast over varying topological shapes, effectively reducing optical blind spots and enabling a full inspection of the target geometry without requiring frequent repositioning of the surface damage scanner.According to yet another embodiment, the image capture device comprises a plurality of cameras. The plurality of cameras are arranged such as to capture, during operation, a reflection of the plurality of reference surfaces from the surface of the vehicle. It shall be noted that no individual camera must necessarily capture the reflection of all reference surfaces and that no single reference surface must be captured by all cameras. Instead the plurality of cameras in combination capture the plurality of reference surfaces. This embodiment is advantageous as it permits optical inspection from varied viewpoints, mitigating glare and localized line - of - sight occlusions. Consequently, combining multiple perspectives significantly increases the fidelity, depth perception, and spatial resolution of the detected surface damages across complexly shaped sections of the surface of the vehicle.

[0033] According to an embodiment, the image capture device is integrated into the reference panel. In particular, the image capture device may be located at an edge of the reference panel. The image capture device may be physically embedded within or securely fastened directly to the structural body of the reference panel.

[0034] Alternatively or additionally, the one or more of the cameras of the image capture device is integrated into respective reference surfaces of the reference panel.

[0035] According to the present disclosure, the above-mentioned objects are further addressed by a method for detecting and detecting surface damage(s) on a surface of a vehicle using a surface damage scanner. The method comprises positioning a reference panel in a specific relative position with respect to an image capture device. The method further comprises capturing, using the image capture device,at least one image of an image capturing area of the surface of the vehicle, wherein the image capturing area comprises a reflection of a reference surface of the reference panel. The method further comprises analyzing - by a processing unit comprised by or communicatively connected to the image capture device -the at least one image to detect and count surface damage(s) based on deviations in the reflection of the reference surface.

[0036] According to an embodiment, the method further comprises segmenting the surface of the vehicle into segments based on reflections of a fixture of the surface damage scanner from the surface of the vehicle. Thereafter, surface damage(s) are separately detected and counted for each segment by analyzing deviations in the reflection of the reference surface within the corresponding segment.

[0037] According to an embodiment, the method further comprises providing markings on the surface of the vehicle to mark segments to be scanned for surface damage^) detection. Then, reflections of the fixture in the surface of the vehicle are aligned with the markings to define the segments for sequential scanning.

[0038] According to an embodiment, the method further comprises reconstructing a scan of the entire surface of the vehicle by combining the scanned segments. The method further comprises determining a total surface damage detection and count for the entire surface of the vehicle based on the detected surface damage^) in the scanned segments.

[0039] According to an embodiment, the method further comprises detecting - by the processing unit - any overlapping area(s) of images captured by the imagecapture device. For example, one or more references - such as reflection(s) of one or more edges of the reference panel from the surface of the vehicle - are detected on successive images. Thereafter, when detecting surface damage(s), the processing unit takes the detected overlapping area(s) in consideration to avoid repeated detection(s) of the same surface damage(s).

[0040] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description present embodiments, and are intended to provide an overview or framework for understand the nature and character of the disclosure. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding, and are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate various embodiments, and together with the description serve to explain the principles and operation of the concepts disclosed.

[0041] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The herein described invention will be more fully understood from the detailed description given herein below and the accompanying figures which should not be considered limiting to the invention described in the appended claims. The figures showing:

[0043] Fig. 1 A A perspective view of a surface damage scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 1 B A further perspective view of a surface damage scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention;Fig. 1 C A side view of a surface damage scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 2 A perspective view of a pivot mechanism of a surface damage scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 3 A perspective view of a surface damage scanner, according to a further embodiment of the present invention, attached to a floor stand;

[0047] Fig. 5A A perspective view of a surface damage scanner, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation;

[0048] Fig. 5B A front view of a surface damage scanner, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in operation;

[0049] Fig. 6 A top view of an image capturing area of a vehicle surface 102, specifically on a hood of a vehicle, illustrating segments scanned for surface damages by operating the surface damage scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 7 A top view of an image capturing area of a vehicle surface 102, specifically on a roof of a vehicle, illustrating segments scanned for surface damages by operating the surface damage scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig. 8A A perspective view of a surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention;Fig. 8B A front view of a surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 8C A side view of a surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9A A perspective view of a surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Fig. 9B A side view of a surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Fig. 9C A front view of a surface damage scanner according to a further em- bodiment of the present invention, showing the scanner in a folded state;

[0056] Fig. 10A A perspective view of a surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Fig. 10B A perspective view of a surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention, showing a first reference pattern;

[0058] Fig. 10C A perspective view of a surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention, showing a second reference pattern;Fig. 11 A perspective view illustrating qualifying surface damages based on an image capturing a reflection of a reference pattern from a surface of a vehicle;

[0059] Fig. 12 A perspective view of a further embodiment of the surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention, wherein the image capture device comprises a camera integrated into the reference panel; and

[0060] Fig. 13 A perspective view of a further embodiment of the surface damage scanner according to a further embodiment of the present invention, wherein the reference panel comprising three adjacent sections arranged at an angle with respect to each other, the image capture device comprises three distinct cameras, each integrated into the respective sections of the reference panel.

[0061] DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0062] Reference will now be made in detail to certain embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all features are shown. Indeed, embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Whenever possible, like reference numbers will be used to refer to like components or parts.Referring to Figures 1A to 1C, the surface damage scanner 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a handheld device configured to detect and count surface damages 105 on a surface 102 of a vehicle 100. The surface damage scanner 1 comprises an image capture device 2 configured to capture an image capturing area 104 that includes at least part of the surface 102 where surface damages 105 are to be detected. To enhance the detection accuracy, the surface damage scanner 1 further comprises a reference panel 4 that is positioned by a fixture 6 in a specific relative position with respect to the image capture device 2. The reference panel 4 provides a reference surface 8 which, during operation, is reflected off the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 and captured by the image capture device 2, aiding in the analysis of surface damages 105.

[0063] As shown in Figure 1A, the fixture 6 comprises a first beam 22 and a second beam 23, which are arranged parallel and spaced apart from each other, in particular at a distance equal to the width of the reference panel 4. These beams function as two feet of a tripod that holds the surface damage scanner 1 during operation. During operation, the first ends 22A, 23A of the beams rest on the vehicle surface 102, while the second ends 22B, 23B are connected to the reference panel 4. This arrangement forms a rectangular structure with the first beam 22, second beam 23, the top edge of the reference panel 4, and an imaginary line connecting the first ends 22A, 23A of the beams 22, 23. The reflection of this rectangle on the vehicle surface 102 may serve - according to embodiments - as an indicator for indicating the area in which surface damages 105 are detected by the image capture device 2, aiding an operator to in positioning the surface damage scanner 1 hence improving positional accuracy.Also shown on figure 1A, the fixture 6 comprises a securing mechanism 24 that is arranged slidably along at least one of the beams 22, 23. The securing mechanism 24 allows for adjustable positioning of the image capture device 2, allowing alignment with the inspected surface 102. By enabling controlled adjustment, the securing mechanism 24 ensures that the image capture device 2 can be positioned at an ideal height relative to the reflection of the reference panel 4, thereby improving the detection accuracy of surface damages 105. This adjustability addresses inconsistencies found in conventional handheld surface damage detection systems, ensuring repeatable imaging conditions across different scans.

[0064] Referring to Figure 2, according to an embodiment, the fixture 6 comprises a pivot mechanism 25, allowing for an adjustable orientation of the image capture device 2 relative to the reference panel 4. The pivot mechanism 25 may include hinge connections, friction joints, or articulated ball joints, allowing controlled movement while maintaining the image capture device 2 in a fixed position during scanning. By permitting adjustable orientation, the pivot mechanism 25 enhances adaptability to different vehicle geometries and inspection positions, ensuring precise and repeatable surface damage 105 detection.

[0065] Referring to Figure 3, a perspective view of a surface damage scanner 1 according to a further embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the surface damage scanner 1 is secured to a floor stand 200 via an interface 18. The interface 18 provides a mechanical connection between the fixture 6 and the floor stand 200, allowing for stable and adjustable positioning of the surface damage scanner 1. The floor stand 200 ensures hands-free operation,reducing variability and enhancing the precision and repeatability of surface damage detection.

[0066] The configuration of the interface 18 enables quick attachment and detachment, allowing the surface damage scanner 1 to be used in both stationary and handheld modes. The floor stand 200 may provide height and angle adjustability, making it adaptable for different inspection scenarios. This design enhances usability by allowing operators to inspect a vehicle surface 102 efficiently without the need to manually hold the surface damage scanner 1 in place.

[0067] Referring to Figures 5A and 5B, the surface damage scanner 1 operates by positioning the reference panel 4 in front of and above the surface 102 of the vehicle 100, allowing the reference surface 8 to be reflected onto the surface 102 of the vehicle 100. The image capture device 2 captures the image capturing area 104, which includes the reflection of the reference surface 8.

[0068] As shown in Figure 5A, the surface damage scanner 1 is mounted on a floor stand 200 via an interface 18, ensuring stable positioning. The reference panel 4 is aligned at an angle relative to the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 to produce a reflection towards the image capture device 2. This reflection highlights distortions caused by surface damage(s) 105, making them detectable and countable in the captured images.

[0069] In Figure 5B, the surface damage scanner 1 is viewed from the front, showing the reference panel 4 positioned parallel to the surface 102 of the vehicle 100. The reflection of the reference surface 8 from the surface 102 of the vehicle 100provides enhances the detection of surface damage(s) 105. The image capture device 2 captures these distortions, which are then analyzed by the processing unit 20 to determine the presence and count the surface damage(s) 105.

[0070] Referring to Figure 6, a top view of the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 is shown, specifically illustrating a hood of the vehicle 100. The surface 102 of the vehicle 100 is scanned in multiple segments 103.1-103. n, each representing a segment scanned for surface damage(s) 105 by operating the surface damage scanner 1. The segmentation allows for systematic scanning, ensuring that each segment 103.1-103. n of the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 is analyzed individually. The segments 103.1-103. n may or may not overlap, depending on the scanning approach. The analysis detects and the counting considers any overlap of the segments 103.1-103. n to prevent double counting of surface damage(s) 105. Reflections of the fixture 6 of the surface damage scanner 1 may assist in framing the segments 103.1-103. n, improving alignment and detection accuracy. According to embodiments, area(s) of surface damage 105 are marked on the images captured by the image capture device 2.

[0071] Referring to Figure 7, a top view of the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 is shown, specifically illustrating a roof of the vehicle 100. Similar to Figure 6, the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 is divided into multiple segments 103.1-103. n, each corresponding to a distinct scan performed by the surface damage scanner 1. The structured segmentation of the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 facilitates a methodical and repeatable scanning process, allowing for comprehensive surface damage detection. The segments 103.1-103. n may or may not overlap, and the analysis detects such overlaps to avoid double counting of surface damage(s)105. Reflections of the fixture 6 of the surface damage scanner 1 may be aligned with markings on the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 - e.g. using masking tape -to define precise segments 103.1-103. n for scanning.

[0072] By combining a handheld operation with a structured reflection reference and an adjustable image capture mechanism, the surface damage scanner 1 overcomes limitations associated with known fixed and manually operated dent detection methods. The ability to maintain a predetermined reference surface 8, ensure proper alignment of the image capture device 2, and freely maneuver the surface damage scanner 1 enhances the precision and repeatability of surface damage 105 detection on vehicle surfaces 102.

[0073] Figures 8A through 8C illustrate a further embodiment of the surface damage scanner 1 , whereby the first ends 22A, 23A of the first and second beams 22, 23 are connected to a middle section of the reference panel 4. This arrangement allows dimensioning a tall reference panel 4 (in the vertical Z direction) while maintaining a relatively short distance between the image capture device 2 and the image capture area 104.

[0074] Figures 9A through 9C show a surface damage scanner 1 according to an even further embodiment of the present invention, whereby the first ends 22A, 23A of the first and second beams 22, 23 are connected pivotably to the reference panel 4, allowing the surface damage scanner 1 to be folded together - as illustrated on figure 9C.Figures 10A through 10C show perspective views of a surface damage scanner 1 according to a further embodiment of the present invention, whereby the reference panel 4 comprises a pattern projector 7, enables projection of reference patterns - selectable from a set of reference patterns - onto the vehicle surface (not shown on this figure). For example, the processing unit 20 may be configured to control the pattern projector 7 to project a sequence of reference patterns, such as a reference pattern comprising horizontal lines (as shown on Figure 10B) followed by a reference pattern comprising vertical lines (as shown on Figure 10C).

[0075] Referring to Figure 11, a perspective view is shown, illustrating the qualifying of surface damages 105 based on an image capturing a reflection of a reference surface 8 of the reference panel 4 from a surface 102 of a vehicle 100. In particular, qualifying surface damages 105 comprises measuring their size, e.g. diameter; surface area; deformation depth of the surface damages 105. As shown, area(s) of surface damage 105 may be highlighted on images captured by the image capture device 2. According to embodiments, severity of damage to the vehicle surface 102 is then characterized as a function - such as a weighted function - of the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the surface damages 105.

[0076] Figure 12 shows a perspective view of a surface damage scanner 1 according to a further embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this specific embodiment, the image capture device 2 is integrated directly into the reference panel 4. More specifically, the image capture device 2 is integrated at an edge portion of the reference panel 4.This structural integration permanently establishes a specific relative position between the image capture device 2 and the reference panel 4. By integrating the image capture device 2 directly into the edge portion of the reference panel 4, the assembly rigidly secures a predetermined distance and a predetermined orientation of the reference panel 4 relative to the image capture device 2, ensuring repeatable and standardized conditions during operation. This integrated configuration significantly reduces variability between measurements, thereby improving accuracy in detecting surface damages.

[0077] Maintaining the predetermined distance through this direct edge integration guarantees consistent scaling within each captured image. This guaranteed scaling enables precise analysis and comparison of the reflections of the reference surface 8. Similarly, defining the fixed predetermined orientation via this integrated edge design ensures uniform reflection conditions of the reference surface 8. Providing these uniform reflection conditions is highly advantageous for reliably interpreting subtle distortions caused by surface damages. By structurally combining the reference panel 4 and the image capture device 2 into a single unit at the edge portion, this design effectively enhances the overall precision and reliability of the surface damage scanner 1.

[0078] Figure 13 shows a perspective view of a surface damage scanner 1 according to a further embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. In this embodiment, the surface damage scanner 1 comprises three adjacent sections 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3 arranged at an angle with respect to each other. This angled configuration allows the reference panel 4 to adapt to various and complex geometries of the surface 102 of the vehicle 100. By wrapping around or conforming more closelyto curved body panels, the three adjacent reference surface sections 8.1 , 8.2 and 8.3 provide a broader and more continuous collective reference area. This ensures that a wide image capturing area 104 is properly illuminated and reflected, which improves the reliable interpretation of subtle distortions caused by surface damages 105.

[0079] Furthermore, the image capture device 2 of this embodiment comprises a first image capture device 2.1 , a second image capture device 2.2, and a third image capture device 2.3 integrated into the first reference surface 8.1 , the second reference surface 8.2 and the third reference surface 8.3, respectively.

[0080] The multi - section panels, each with an integrated image capture device 2.1 , 2.2, 2.3, are provided to capture the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 from multiple angles. By capturing the image capturing area 104 from multiple angles - simultaneously or sequentially - the surface damage scanner 1 acquires varying perspectives of the reflections of the respective first reference surface 8.1, second reference surface 8.2, and third reference surface 8.3. This multi - angle capture ensures that subtle surface damages 105 that might be obscured or poorly reflected from a single vantage point are reliably detected from an alternative angle, significantly increasing the overall accuracy and robustness of the scan.

[0081] Integrating the first image capture device 2.1, the second image capture device 2.2, and the third image capture device 2.3 directly into the reference panel 4 establishes an absolute and strictly fixed specific relative position between each respective image capture device 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and its corresponding reference surface 8.1 , 8.2, 8.3. Maintaining this predetermined distance ensures consistentscaling within each captured image, enabling precise analysis and comparison of the reflections. Concurrently, defining the predetermined orientation ensures uniform reflection conditions of the first reference surface 8.1 , the second reference surface 8.2, and the third reference surface 8.3 across the entire inspected sur-face 102 of the vehicle 100.

[0082] During operation, a processing device 20 receives the multiple images captured by the first image capture device 2.1 , the second image capture device 2.2, and the third image capture device 2.3. The processing device 20 subsequently analyzes the reflections of the first reference surface 8.1 , the second reference sur-face 8.2, and the third reference surface 8.3 from the surface 102 of the vehicle 100 to detect and count surface damages 105 across the expanded and multi -angle image capturing area 104.LIST OF DESIGNATIONS

[0083] 1 surface damage scanner

[0084] 2 image capture device

[0085] 2.1 , 2.2, 2.3 cameras (of image capture device) 4 reference panel

[0086] 6 fixture

[0087] 7 pattern projector

[0088] 8, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 reference surface

[0089] 10 tripod

[0090] 12 supporting edge

[0091] 16A-C feet

[0092] 18 interface for a floor stand

[0093] 20 processing device

[0094] 22 first beam

[0095] 22A first end (of first beam)

[0096] 22B second end (of first beam)

[0097] 23 second beam

[0098] 23A first end (of second beam)

[0099] 23B second end (of second beam) 24 securing mechanism

[0100] 25 pivot mechanism

[0101] 100 vehicle

[0102] 102 surface (of the vehicle)

[0103] 103.1-n segments (of vehicle surface) 104 image capturing area105 surface damage 200 floor stand

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS1. A surface damage scanner (1 ) for detecting surface damage(s) (105) on a surface (102) of a vehicle (100), the surface damage scanner (1) comprising:- an image capture device (2) configured to capture, during operation, an image capturing area (104) comprising at least part of an area of the surface (102) of the vehicle (100) comprising surface damage(s) (105) to be detected;- a reference panel (4) positioned by a fixture (6) in a specific relative position with respect to the image capture device (2),the reference panel (4) providing a reference surface (8) that improves, during operation, detection of the surface damage(s) (105) in the image capturing area (104) using a reflection of the reference surface (8) from the surface (102) of the vehicle (100).

2. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the specific relative position comprises a predetermined distance and / or a predetermined orientation of the reference panel (4) relative to the image capture device (2).

3. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reference surface (8) is illuminated and / or comprises a reference pattern, in particular a line pattern.

4. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface damage scanner (1) further comprises a processing device (20) configured to:- receive one or more images captured by the image capture device (2); and- detect surface damage(s) (105) on the vehicle (100) surface (102) by processing the one or more images captured by the image capture device (2), analyzing a reflection of the reference surface (8) from the vehicle (100) surface (102).

5. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to claim 4, wherein the reference panel (4) further comprises a pattern projector (7) communicatively connected to the processing unit (20), the processing unit (20) being further configured to:- control the pattern projector (7) to project one or more reference patterns from a set of one or more reference patterns stored in a memory comprised by or communicatively connected to the processing unit (20);- detect surface damage(s) (105) on the vehicle (100) by comparing the one or more reference patterns as stored in the memory with the one or more reference patterns projected by the pattern projector (7) and reflected from the surface (102) of the vehicle (100).

6. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the processing device (20) is further configured to: qualify and quantify the surface damage(s) (105) on the vehicle (100) surface (102) by processing the one or more images captured by the image capture device (2), in particular to determine size respectively number of the surface damage(s) (105).

7. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 6, wherein the image capture device (2) and / or the processing device (20) is / are comprised by a smart phone and / or a tablet computer.

8. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 7, wherein the surface damage scanner (1) comprises a tripod to position the surface damage scanner (1) on the surface (102) of the vehicle (100), the tripod comprising:- three distinct feet (16A-C) or- a supporting edge (12) and at least one foot (16A).

9. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to claim 8, wherein at least one edge of the reference panel (4) acts as the supporting edge (12) of the fixture (6).

10. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the reference surface (8) is arranged adjacent to at least one foot (16A-C) and / or the supporting edge (12), such that the reference panel (4) extendswith one edge along the surface (102) of the vehicle (100) on which the surface damage scanner (1) is arranged in operation.

11. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein the surface damage scanner (1) is a handheld device.

12. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 11 , wherein the surface damage scanner (1) comprises an interface (18) for a floor stand (200).

13. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 12, wherein the surface damage scanner (1) comprises at least one indicator to indicate the image capturing area (104) of the surface (102) comprising surface damage(s) (105) which is detected by the image capture device (2).

14. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 8 to 13, wherein:- the fixture (6) comprises a first beam (22) and a second beam (23) arranged spaced apart from each other, in particular parallel to each other or at an angle, each extending from a first end (22A, 23A) to a second end (22B, 23B), wherein the first ends (22A, 23A) are connected to the reference panel (4) and the second ends (22B, 23B) being part of the feet of the tripod; andthe image capture device (2) is arranged between the first beam (22) and the second beam (23) attached to at least one of the first beam (22) and the second beam (23).

15. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 14, wherein the fixture (6) comprises a securing mechanism (24) arranged slidably along at least one beam, allowing adjustable positioning of the image capture device (2).

16. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 15, wherein the fixture (6) comprises a pivot mechanism (25), allowing adjustable orientation of the image capture device (2) relative to the reference panel (4).

17. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 16, wherein the fixture (6) includes a suction cup, magnet, or weighted base to at least temporarily secure the surface damage scanner (1) to the vehicle (100) surface (102).

18. The surface damage scanner (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 17, wherein reference panel (4) comprises a plurality of adjacent reference surfaces (8.1 , 8.2, 8.3) arranged at respective angles relative to each other.

19. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to claim 18, wherein the image capture device (2) comprises a plurality of cameras (2.1 , 2.2, 2.3), each of the plurality of cameras (2.1 , 2.2, 2.3), the plurality of cameras (2.1 , 2.2, 2.3) being arranged such as to capture, during operation, a reflection ofthe plurality of reference surfaces (8.1 , 8.2, 8.3) from the surface (102) of the vehicle (100).

20. The surface damage scanner (1 ) according to one of the claims 1 to 19, wherein the image capture device (2) is integrated into the reference panel (4), in particular at an edge of the reference panel (4) or within the reference surface (8, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3) of the reference panel (4).

21. A method for detecting surface damage(s) (105) on a surface (102) of a vehicle (100) using a surface damage scanner (1 ) comprising an image capture device (2) arranged at a specific relative position to a reference panel (4), the reference panel (4) providing a reference surface (8), the method comprising:- positioning the surface damage scanner (1) above the surface (102) of the vehicle (100);- capturing, using the image capture device (2), at least one image of an image capturing area (104) of the surface (102) of the vehicle (100), wherein the image capturing area (104) comprises a reflection of the reference surface (8); and- processing - by a processing unit (20) comprised by or communicatively connected to the image capture device (2) - the at least one image to detect and count surface damage(s) (105) based on deviations in the reflection of the reference surface (8).

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein detecting and counting surface damage(s) (105) comprises:- segmenting the surface (102) of the vehicle (100) into segments identifiable based on reflections of a fixture (6) of the surface dam- age scanner (1 ) from the surface (102) of the vehicle (100); and- detecting surface damage(s) (105) for each segment by analyzing deviations in the reflection of the reference surface (8) within the corresponding segment.

23. The method according to claim 22, further comprising:- providing markings on the surface (102) of the vehicle (100) to mark segments to be scanned for surface damage(s) (105) detection; and- aligning reflections of the fixture (6) in the surface (102) of the vehicle (100) with the markings to define the segments for sequential scanning.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, further comprising:- reconstructing a scan of the entire surface (102) of the vehicle (100) by combining the scanned segments; anddetermining a total surface damage detection and count for the entire surface (102) of the vehicle (100) based on the detected surface damage(s) (105) in the scanned segments.

25. The method according to one of the claims 21 to 24, wherein processing the one or more images by the processing unit (20) further comprises:- detecting any overlapping area(s) of images captured by the image capture device (2), in particular by detecting one or more references, such as reflection(s) of one or more edges of the reference panel (4) from the surface (102) of the vehicle (100); and- detecting surface damage(s) (105) considering detected overlapping area(s) to avoid repeated detection(s) of the same surface damage(s) (105).

26. The method according to one of the claims 21 to 25, wherein the reference panel (4) comprises a plurality of adjacent reference surfaces (8.1 , 8.2, 8.3) arranged at respective angles relative to each other, and wherein the step of capturing the at least one image comprises capturing a reflection of the plurality of reference surfaces (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) from the surface (102) of the vehicle (100).

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the image capture device (2) comprises a plurality of cameras (2.1 , 2.2, 2.3), wherein the step of capturing the at least one image comprises capturing a plurality of images from multiple angles using the plurality of cameras (2.1, 2.2, 2.3); and whereinthe step of processing the at least one image comprises analyzing the plurality of images captured from multiple angles by the plurality of cameras (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) to detect and count the surface damage(s) (105) across the image capturing area (104).

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