A fluid control system and fluid control method

Abstract

A fluid control system for recirculating a high-density fluid (HDF) comprising fluid storage tank (FST) (101) configured to retain volume of HDF. The FST having walls and floor (101B), wall (101A) of FST further comprises first sample outlet (102) arranged at first position and sample line conduit (104) attached to first sample outlet; fluid control system 5 further comprises second sample outlet (106A-D) arranged at second position on wall of FST; circulatory device (108) that is operably attached to sample line conduit for circulating flow of retained HDF from first sample outlet or second sample outlet; sensor suite (110) arranged on the sample line conduit for generating data indicative of a property of the retained HDF extracted from first sample outlet or second sample outlet; and controller 10 (112) operably attached to circulatory device for circulating flow of retained HDF from first sample outlet or second sample outlet, to sensor suite.

Description

[0001] A FLUID CONTROL SYSTEM AND FLUID CONTROL METHOD TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present invention relates to a fluid control system. More particularly, the present invention relates to a fluid control system for recirculating a high-density fluid (HDF). The present invention also relates to a fluid control method for controlling and monitoring a high-density fluid (HDF) retained in a hydro storage system.

[0003] BACKGROUND

[0004] Turbines are a reliable and efficient way to generate electricity, and are used extensively in hydro-electric projects or systems, with the turbine unit or units forming one part of the overall system. In a hydro-electricity generating system a fluid such as water flows under gravity from one part of the system to another and then into a turbine unit. The fluid flow over the blades of the turbine in the turbine unit causes the turbine blades to rotate, spinning the turbine. The spinning of the turbine produces power.

[0005] However, renewable energy sources such as wind and solar have highly variable power outputs. On-grid energy storage therefore plays a crucial role in smoothing out the electricity supply from these sources and ensuring that the supply of power matches demand. Energy storage at grid scale is well established in the form of Pumped Hydro Storage (PHS) systems. In such systems, during times of low on-grid electricity demand, water is typically pumped from a lower-level reservoir to an upper-level reservoir, thereby gaining potential energy. The water is then stored in the upper-level reservoir until times of high on-grid electricity demand. At such times, the water is allowed to flow from the upper reservoir back to the lower reservoir through a penstock. The water turns a turbine located in the penstock to generate electricity that is then sent to the grid to help meet the high electricity demand.

[0006] Although water is used almost exclusively in these types of systems, alternative fluids have also been investigated for use in systems similar to Pumped Hydro Systems. It has been found that the use of high-density fluids (fluids having a density greater than that of water at the same temperature and pressure) can be highly beneficial in systems that operate on a similar principle to Pumped Hydro Systems. For example, the use of high-density fluids in these types of systems can reduce the requirement for vertical elevation between the upper and lower-level reservoirs compared to conventional Pumped Hydro Systems (i.e. conventional systems that use water as the working fluid).However, in the fluid management systems, several problems have been identified, particularly in relation to the stratification of fluids during periods of non-circulation of the high-density fluids or maintenance shutdowns. The stratification occurs when particles in the fluid settle towards the bottom of the reservoir, creating a vertical gradient in fluid properties of the high-density fluids, which leads to uneven performance, reduced efficiency, and potential system failures. The present solution of fluid mixing and circulation in the fluid management systems have proven to be inefficient and energy-intensive, especially when dealing with large volumes of the high-density fluid. Additionally, the use of high-density fluids, such as those employed in pumped hydro energy storage systems, presents unique challenges in terms of maintaining the fluid's physical and chemical properties over long periods and large volumes.

[0007] Moreover, when testing a large volume of high-density fluid, it is desired to determine the fluid properties throughout the body of fluid by carrying out the least number of measurements as possible. However, the stratification of the high-density fluid results in the fluid becoming non-homogenous, which results in any single point not being representative of the overall fluid volume.

[0008] In this specification where reference has been made to patent specifications, other external documents, or other sources of information, this is generally for the purpose of providing a context for discussing the features of the invention. Unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to such external documents is not to be construed as an admission that such documents, or such sources of information, in any jurisdiction, are prior art, or form part of the common general knowledge in the art.

[0009] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid control system for recirculating a high-density fluid (HDF) comprising a fluid storage tank configured to retain a volume of HDF, which goes some way to overcoming the abovementioned disadvantages or which at least provides the public or industry with a useful choice.

[0011] It is a further object of the present invention to provide a fluid control method for controlling and monitoring a high-density fluid (HDF) retained in a hydro storage system, which goes some way to overcoming the abovementioned disadvantages or which at least provides the public or industry with a useful choice.

[0012] The term “comprising” as used in this specification and indicative independent claims means “consisting at least in part of’. When interpreting each statement in thisspecification and indicative independent claims that includes the term “comprising”, features other than that or those prefaced by the term may also be present. Related terms such as “comprise” and “comprises” are to be interpreted in the same manner. As used herein the term “and / or” means “and” or “or”, or both.

[0013] As used herein “(s)” following a noun means the plural and / or singular forms of the noun. Accordingly, in a first aspect the present invention may broadly be said to consist in a fluid control system for recirculating a high-density fluid (HDF) comprising a fluid storage tank configured to retain a volume of HDF, the fluid storage tank having walls and a floor, the wall of the fluid storage tank further comprises a first sample outlet arranged at a first position, wherein a first end of the sample line conduit is attached to the first sample outlet; characterised in that the fluid control system further comprises a second sample outlet arranged at a second position on the wall of the fluid storage tank, wherein a second end of the sample line is attached to the second sample outlet; a circulatory device that is operably attached to the sample line conduit for circulating a flow of retained HDF from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet; a sensor suite operably attached on the sample line conduit for generating data indicative of a property of the retained HDF extracted from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet; and a controller operably attached to the circulatory device for circulating a flow of retained HDF from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet, to the sensor suite.

[0014] In an embodiment, the sample line conduit further comprises a first actuator valve to control the flow of retained HDF through the first sample outlet.

[0015] In an embodiment, the sample line conduit further comprises a second actuator valve to control the flow of retained HDF through the second sample outlet.

[0016] In an embodiment, the fluid control system further comprises a flush line conduit attached at a first end to a reservoir of flushing liquid and attached at a second end to the sample line conduit.

[0017] In an embodiment, the first sample outlet, second sample outlet and connecting sample line conduit are arranged on the wall of the fluid storage tank along a vertical axis.

[0018] In an embodiment, the sample line conduit further comprises an angled portion which is attachable to the first sample outlet of the fluid storage tank.

[0019] In an embodiment, the one or more angled portions comprises an angle in the region of 22 to 55 degrees relative to a vertical axis.In an embodiment, the angled portion comprises an angle of 10 to 45 degrees relative to a horizontal axis.

[0020] In an embodiment, the sensor suite further comprises a bypass line conduit attached at a first end to the sample line conduit before the sensor and attached at a second end to the sample line conduit after the sensor suite.

[0021] In an embodiment, the fluid control system further comprises a first sampling port located on the HDF inlet of a second circulatory device that is operably attached to a penstock line conduit, wherein the penstock line is attached at one end to the fluid storage tank and attached at a second end to a second fluid storage tank.

[0022] In an embodiment, the fluid control system further comprises a second sampling port located on the turbine inlet conduit that is operably attached to a penstock line conduit. In an embodiment, the sampling line conduit further comprises a flow meter.

[0023] In an embodiment, the sensor suite generates data indicative of a property of at least one of the following components of a retained HDF: pH, Specific Gravity (SG), Viscosity, Dissolved Oxygen and total dissolved solids in the fluids.

[0024] In an embodiment, the fluid control system further comprises a level sensor present within the fluid storage tank, wherein the controller selects at least one of: the first sample outlet, the second sample outlet based on the fluid level detected by the level sensor.

[0025] Accordingly, in a second aspect the present invention may broadly be said to consist in a fluid control method for controlling and monitoring a high density fluid (HDF) retained in a hydro storage system, comprising a fluid storage tank configured to retain a volume of HDF, the fluid storage tank having walls and a floor, the wall of the fluid storage tank further comprises a first sample outlet arranged at a first position and a sample line conduit attached to the first sample outlet; a second sample outlet arranged at a second position on the wall of the fluid storage tank; a circulatory device that is operably attached to the sample line conduit for circulating a flow of retained HDF from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet; a sensor suite arranged on the sample line conduit for generating data indicative of a property of the retained HDF extracted from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet; and a controller operably attached to the circulatory device for circulating a flow of retained HDF from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet, to the sensor; the method comprising the steps of: controlling the operation of the circulatory device to extract a first sample of retained HDF from the first sample outlet; circulating the first sample of retained HDF through a sensing area provided by the sensor; generating data indicative of a property of the first sample ofretained HDF; controlling the operation of the circulatory device to extract a second sample of retained HDF from the second sample outlet; circulating the second sample of retained HDF through a sensing area provided by the sensor suite; and generating data indicative of a property of the second sample of retained HDF.

[0026] In an embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of: controlling a first actuator valve arranged on the sample line conduit to close the first sample outlet; controlling a second actuator valve arranged on the sample line conduit to close the second sample outlet; and flushing a liquid from a flushing liquid reservoir, through the sample line conduit, via a flushing line conduit.

[0027] In an embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of sensing the pressure of the HDF retained within the sample line conduit prior to flushing the sample line conduit; and activating a diverting means arranged on the sample line conduit for diverting the HDF retained within the sample line conduit through a bypass line conduit comprising a first end attached to the sample line conduit before the sensor suite and a second end attached to the sample line conduit after the sensor suite.

[0028] In an embodiment, the method further comprises bypassing the sensor by circulating the extracted first or second samples of retained HDF through a bypass line conduit which is connected at a first end to the sample line conduit before the sensor suite, and connected at a second end to the sample line conduit after the sensor suite.

[0029] With respect to the above description then, it is to be realised that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

[0030] This invention may also be said broadly to consist in the parts, elements and features referred to or indicated in the specification of the application, individually or collectively, and any or all combinations of any two or more said parts, elements or features, and where specific integers are mentioned herein which have known equivalents in the art to which this invention relates, such known equivalents are deemed to be incorporated herein as if individually set forth.

[0031] Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shownand described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention.

[0032] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise", "include", "have", and "contain" and variations of these words, for example "comprising" and "comprises", mean "including but not limited to", and do not exclude other components, items, integers or steps not explicitly disclosed also to be present. Moreover, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.

[0033] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Further aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following description which is given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings which show an embodiment of the device by way of example, and in which:

[0035] Figure 1A shows a cross-sectional view of a schematic illustration of a fluid control system for recirculating a high-density fluid (HDF). The fluid control system comprises an array of sample outlets connected to a sample line conduit, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1B shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a fluid control system for recirculating a high-density fluid (HDF). The fluid control system comprises an array of sample outlets, wherein each sample outlet is connected to a sample line conduit, in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the invention.

[0037] Figure 2 shows a flow chart depicting steps of a fluid control method for controlling and monitoring a high-density fluid (HDF) retained in a hydro storage system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following detailed description illustrates embodiments of the present disclosure and ways in which they can be implemented. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other embodiments for carrying out or practising the present invention are also possible.

[0040] General Overview

[0041] A schematic illustration of a fluid control system 100 according to an embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1A. The fluid control system 100 comprises a fluid storage tank 101 configured to retain a volume of HDF, the fluid storage tank 101 having walls 101A and a floor 101 B, the wall 101A of the fluid storage tank 101 further comprises a firstsample outlet 102 arranged at a first position and a sample line conduit 104 attached to the first sample outlet 102. Furthermore, the fluid control system 100 comprises a second sample outlet 106A-D arranged at a second position on the wall 101 A of the fluid storage tank 101 , a circulatory device 108 and a sensor suite 110 arranged on the sample line conduit 104 for generating data indicative of a property of the retained HDF extracted from the first sample outlet 102 or second sample outlet 106A-D. Furthermore, a flush line conduit 118 attached at a first end to a reservoir 118A of flushing liquid and attached at a second end to the sample line conduit 104.

[0042] Fluid Storage Tank

[0043] The fluid storage tank 101 comprises an enclosed fluid storage container or tank that is configured to hold and store the high density fluid (HDF) used in the high-density hydro energy storage applications. Notably, the volume of the HDF retained by the fluid storage tank 101 refers to the amount of space occupied by the fluid within the storage tank 101 , typically measured in cubic units. The walls 101A of the fluid storage tank 101 provides support for containing the HDF within the fluid storage tank 101. The floor 101 B is the bottom surface of the fluid storage tank 101 on which the HDF rests.

[0044] Sample Line Conduit

[0045] The sample line conduit 104 is a high density fluid (HDF) fluid transfer pathway that is connected to the first sample outlet 102 of the fluid storage tank 101. The sample line conduit 104 comprises a tube that is attached to the first sample outlet 102. The sample line conduit 104 may be constructed from durable materials such as steel, reinforced plastic, concrete and the like to ensure structural integrity and minimize leakage. The sample line conduit 104 facilitates the flow of the HDF from the first sample outlet 102 to a sensor suite 110 where it can be analyzed, monitored or processed. The sample line conduit 104 ensure that the HDF's physical and chemical properties are preserved during the transportation for accurate analysis. The sample line conduit 104 accommodate the specific properties of the HDF such as high density and viscosity, and prevent settling or clogging of the solid particles within the fluid.

[0046] The first sample outlet 102 is a sampling port of fluid extraction located on the wall 101 A of the fluid storage tank 101. The first sample outlet 102 is designed to facilitate the controlled removal of a sample of the HDF from the fluid storage tank 101 for monitoring, analysis or processing. The first sample outlet 102 is located at the first position of the wall 101 A of the fluid storage tank 101 to capture the HDF of a specific layer or region of the retained HDF within the fluid storage tank 101. The first sample outlet 102 serves as theattachment location for the sample line conduit 104, which transports the fluid sample to downstream components (for example, a sensor suite 110 or recirculation system). The first sample outlet 102 is constructed to accommodate the high density and specific properties of the HDF, ensuring smooth and clog-free operation.

[0047] The second sample outlet 106A-D refers to the second sample outlet 106A, third sample outlet 106B, fourth sample outlet 106C, the fifth sample outlet 106D and so on, which is functional when previous working sample outlet, namely, the first sample outlet 102, second sample outlet 106A, third sample outlet 106B and fourth sample outlet 106C is completed its task. The first sample outlet 102 and the second sample outlet 106A-D are sampled in a random order which helps to prevent biasing towards any sample outlet for the sampling. The randomization is done to prevent biasing from drawing and recording fluid in the same order during every operation. The second sample outlet 106A-D is attached to the second position on the wall 101 A of the fluid storage tank 101. The second position is different from the first position on the wall 101 A of the fluid storage tank 101. This enables sampling from a distinct section of the fluid storage tank 101. The second sample outlet 106A-D is positioned at the second position on the wall 101A of the fluid storage tank 101 to provide access to the HDF at another vertical or lateral location within the fluid storage tank 101. In high-density fluids such as HDF, particles can settle over time, creating stratification (vertical gradients) or non-homogeneity in the fluid storage tank 101. Multiple sampling outlets allow sampling from various layers or regions to better represent the overall condition of the HDF. A technical effect of adding the second sample outlet 106A-D is that the fluid control system 100 provides a more comprehensive understanding of the fluid's condition, enabling precise monitoring across the fluid storage tank's 101 volume. Additionally, detecting variations in the HDF's properties from different positions allows targeted corrective actions, such as localized recirculation or dosing, reducing waste and operational costs.

[0048] The level sensor (not shown) present within the fluid storage tank 101 continuously monitor and detects the level of the fluid inside the fluid storage tank 101. Thereafter, the controller 112 receives real-time data from the level sensor and analyzes whether the fluid level is close to the first sample outlet 102 or the second sample outlet 106A-D. If the level of the fluid is closer to the first sample outlet 102, the controller 112 activates sampling from the first sample outlet 102. If the level of the fluid is closer to the second sample outlet 106A-D, then controller 112 switches the sampling from the second sample outlet 106A-D. A technical effect is to improve sampling accuracy by ensuring that the fluidsamples are drawn from submerged sample outlets. It automates the selection process and thus reduces human error in selecting the sample outlets.

[0049] The sample region of the retained HDF is represented by semi-circles 105A-E. The semicircles 105A-E shows spherical fluid draws corresponding to each sample outlet 104, 106A-D. The visualization of each spherical sample draw amongst the plurality of spherical sample draws105A-E corresponds to a sampling zone where the HDF is extracted from the fluid storage tank 101 via one sample outlet. The spherical shape helps to maximize the vertical fluid dimension sampled without overlap. The sample outlets are spaced vertically along the wall 101A of the fluid storage tank 101 to ensure then spherical fluid draws 105A-E do not interfere with one another. The duration of sample draw and the spacing between each sample outlet is optimized so that the spherical fluid draws from each sampling port do not overlap and as a result prevent biasing in the generation of the data. The duration of sampling from each sampling port is selected based on the flowrate and spherical draw of the samples form the first sample outlet 102 and the second sample outlet 106A-D. It will be appreciated that the duration of sample draw is long enough that maximizes the data captured on the vertical fluid gradient (if present) and short enough to prevent the data biasing from interfering spherical draws. A technical effect of the visualization of the spherical draws is efficient and precise monitoring of high-density fluid properties across the vertical axis of the fluid storage tank 101. Different sizes of the spherical draws 105A-E shows the optimization of the sampling duration of the retained HDF and the quantity of the retained HDF that is sampled from each sample outlet.

[0050] The first sample outlet 102, the second sample outlet 106A-D and the connecting sample line conduit 104 are arranged along an imaginary vertical line on the wall 101 A of the fluid storage tank 101, spanning different heights. This arrangement enables the fluid control system to sample the fluid from various vertical levels in the fluid storage tank 101. The vertical arrangement serves critical purpose for monitoring and maintaining the health of the HDF. The HDF, being a dense fluid, may stratify over time, with heavier particles settling toward the bottom. Sampling from multiple vertical points provides insight into this density gradient and non-homogeneity of the HDF. The sampling from different heights ensures that measurements reflect the properties of the entire fluid volume, not just a single layer, leading to more accurate data on pH, specific gravity, viscosity, and other properties. The first sample outlet 102 is positioned at a specific height near the top or middle of the fluid storage tank 101. The second sample outlet 106A-D placed at higher heights to ensure coverage of the fluid's vertical profile. Similarly, the third sample outlet, the fourth sample outlet, the fifth sample outlet and so on, are sequentially arranged along the vertical axisone above the other on the wall 101A of the fluid storage tank 101. The sample line conduit 104 connects the sampling outlets and facilitates the movement of fluid to the sensor suite 110. The sample line conduit 104 is designed to accommodate vertical fluid transport without settling or clogging. A technical effect of the vertical arrangement is the accurate representation of the fluid properties from multiple heights of the fluid storage tank 101 that captures the full vertical stratification, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the fluid's health. The arrangement prevents particles from settling in horizontal sections of the sample line conduit 104, maintaining the integrity of fluid samples.

[0051] In an embodiment, the sample line conduit 104 further comprises a first actuator valve 114 to control the flow of retained HDF through the first sample outlet 102. The first actuator valve 114 integrated into the sample line conduit 104. The first actuator valve 114 (such as electric motor, pneumatic or hydraulic system) that can open, close or modulate the flow of retained HDF automatically or manually, based on the instruction from the fluid control system. The first actuator valve 114 provides a precise and controlled fluid sampling from the first sample outlet 102 and prevents leakage, backflow, or unnecessary loss of the fluid during operation. The first actuator valve 114 is selected to handle the high-density and high-viscosity properties of the HDF without clogging or wear.

[0052] The sample line conduit 104 comprises a second actuator valve 116A-D to control the flow of the retained HDF through the second sample outlet 106A-D. The sample line conduit 104 comprises an actuator valve across each sample outlet to control the flow of the retained HDF in the sample line conduit 104 through the sample outlets. For example, the sample line conduit 104 comprises the second actuator valve 116A-D to control the flow of retained HDF through the second sample outlet 106A-D. Similarly, the sample line conduit 104 comprises a third actuator valve to control the flow of the retained HDF through the third sample outlet and so on. The first actuator valve 114 and the second actuator valve 116A-D are attached to the sample line conduit 104 via a four-way cross connector. Each four-way cross connector has a removable inspection cover. Each actuator valve control the flow velocity of the retained HDF coming through the respective sample outlet.

[0053] The circulatory device 108 is operably attached to the sample line conduit 104 to create and maintain the flow of the retained HDF extracted from the first sample outlet 102 or the second sample outlet 106A-D, ensuring smooth transport to downstream components such as the sensor suite 110 or back into the second storage tank to prevent clogging or stratification within the sample line conduit 104. The retained HDF contains solid particles that can settle over time due to gravity. Circulating the flow of the retained HDF preventsstratification and maintains homogeneity of the HDF. The circulatory device 108 is connected to sample line conduit 104 and operates in conjunction with sampling and monitoring mechanisms. The flow of the retained HDF depends upon the cross-section of the sampling line conduit and the density of the retained HDF.

[0054] The sampling line conduit comprises a flow meter to measure the rate of fluid flow of the HDF as it is transported through the sample line conduit 104. The flow meter provides real-time data on the density and velocity of the fluid moving through the sample line conduit 104. The flow meter is a Coriolis meter. The flow rate of the fluid is set based on optimizing the flow velocity through the flow meter. The flow meter detects the particle of the HDF based on the Coriolis force. A technical effect of measuring the flow rate using the flow meter is to ensure that the fluid being sampled or recirculated is moving at an optimal speed, avoiding stagnation or excessive turbulence. Maintaining the steady flow prevents particles within the HDF from settling in the sample line conduit 104, which could lead to clogging or biased measurements. The monitoring of the flow rate of the retained HDF facilitates detecting anomalies such as blockages, leaks or mechanical issues in the sample line conduit 104.

[0055] The sensor suite 110 is installed on the sample line conduit 104 to generate data that indicates specific properties of the retained HDF extracted from the first sample outlet 102 or the second sample outlet 106A-D. The sensor suite 110 generates data indicative of the property includes pH, specific gravity (SG), Viscosity, Dissolved Oxygen, total dissolved solids in the fluids, depending on the fluid control system's requirements. The generated data helps optimize the performance of the overall fluid control system by ensuring that the HDF meets the required standards for storage, pumping, and turbine operations. It will be appreciated that the aforementioned key property of the fluid is measured by the sensor suite 110 to determine health of the HDF. The sensor suite 110 is a sensor suite 110 comprises a set of different sensors that is strategically located on the sample line conduit 104, downstream of the sampling outlets, where the sensor suite 110 can analyze the retained HDF extracted from the first sample outlet 102 or the second sample outlet 106A-D. The sensor suite 110 comprises a pH sensor to measure the pH of the retained HDF, an oxygen sensor to detect the dissolved oxygen levels in the fluid, Coriolis sensor to measure the viscosity of the fluid, a Coriolis meter to measure the SG (such as hydrometer-based electronic sensor, oscillating U-tube density sensor), a sensor suite 110 to measure total dissolved solids (such as conductivity-based TDS sensors, optical TDS sensors). The sensor suite 110 is able to measure the property from the first sample outlet 102 or the second sample outlet 106A-D, one at a time. Therefore,multiplexing the sample ports through a single sensor suite 110 reduces the overall cost of the fluid control system.

[0056] The sensor suite 110 converts the measured property into digital data, which is transmitted to the fluid management system. The fluid control system processes the generated data for real-time analysis, logging and system adjustments. Based on the sensor suite 110 readings, the fluid control system can trigger actions like activating the circulatory device 108, adjusting dosing, or initiating flushing to maintain fluid health. The accurate monitoring by the sensor suite 110 ensures that HDF remains within operational parameters, reducing the risk of equipment failure or inefficiencies caused by suboptimal fluid conditions.

[0057] The controller 112 is integrated with the circulatory device 108 in the fluid control system. The controller 112 controls the operation of the circulatory device 108 to regulate the flow of the HDF from the first sample outlet 102 or the second sample outlet 106A-D through the sample line conduit 104. The controller 112 ensures that the flow of the HDF through the sample line conduit 104 is appropriate for accurate sensor suite 110 readings. The controller 112 prevents excessive or insufficient flow that could affect the sensor suite 110 accuracy. It automates the flow regulation, reducing manual intervention and minimizes energy consumption by adjusting the circulatory device 108's operation based on real-time needs.

[0058] The flush line conduit 118 connects to a reservoir 118A of flushing liquid (such as water or a cleaning liquid) at one end and attaches to the sample line conduit 104 at the other end. The flush line conduit 118 provides a mechanism to clean the sample line conduit 104 and other components within the fluid control system. Water flows through the flush line conduit 118 from the reservoir 118A of flushing liquid. All the actuator valves connected to the fluid storage tank 101 from the sample outlets remain closed during this process to prevent unwanted water from entering the fluid storage tank 101. The actuator valve connected to the flush line conduit 118 is opened for moving the water from the flush line conduit 118 to the sample line conduit 104. After moving through the sample line conduit 104, water is pumped through the progressive cavity pump, through the sensor suite 110 and bypass (if open), then to the sump pit 122. To reduce the volume of HDF lost to waste, the fluid control system 100 is specially designed so that HDF remaining in the pipes goes back to the lower reservoir, before diverting the flushing water to the waste tank or sump pit 122. The flushing process prevents particle buildup or even potential blocking within the sample line conduit 104. Regular cleaning also potentially reduces wear and tear extending the lifespan of thesampling lines and associated components. The flushing ensures that the results of analysis for a specific sample is not biased due to contamination (from previous sample).

[0059] A bypass line conduit 120 is a secondary pipeline that allows the fluid to flow around the sensor suite 110 instead of passing through the sensor suite 110. The bypass line conduit 120 is attached at a first end 120A to the sample line conduit 104 before the sensor suite 110 and at a second end 120B to the sample line conduit 104 after the sensor suite 110. This configuration creates an alternate path for the flow of the HDF when the sensor suite 110 is not actively measuring or if maintenance is required. During high-pressure events of the HDF such as flushing or maintenance activities, the actuator valve 124 connected to the bypass line conduit 120 is opened, otherwise remains closed. The bypass line conduit 120 allows the fluid to circumvent the sensor suite 110, preventing any damage or wear to the sensor suite 110. The bypass line conduit 120 enables continuous fluid circulation even when the sensor suite 110 is offline or undergoing calibration, ensuring uninterrupted fluid control system functionality. The bypass line is connected to the sample line conduit 104 using valves or fittings to ensure secure and leak-free operation. A first sampling port is a designated opening for extracting the samples of the HDF from the fluid storage tank 101. The second circulatory device is the pump that moves the HDF from the fluid storage tank 101 to the second fluid storage tank, via the penstock line conduit. The penstock line conduit is attached at the first end of the fluid storage tank 101 and attached at a second end to the second fluid storage tank. The HDF inlet refers to the pump inlet piping of the second circulatory device. The placement of the first sampling port on the HDF inlet of the second circulatory device ensures real-time data on the condition of the HDF entering the second circulatory device, which is critical for system performance and health. Detecting changes in the fluid properties (e.g., viscosity, specific gravity) allows for adjustments in the operation of the second circulatory device to maintain optimal efficiency.

[0060] The second sampling port is an additional port for extracting samples of the HDF for monitoring purposes. The turbine draft conduit is a passage through which the HDF flows after exiting the turbine, typically returning to the fluid storage system. The penstock line conduit is responsible for transferring the HDF between the fluid storage tank 101 and the second fluid storage tank. The placement of the second sampling port in the turbine draft conduit enables the monitoring of the HDF properties after it has passed through the turbine. The placement of the second sampling port on the turbine draft conduit allows analysis of the HDF properties after its interaction with the turbine. Therefore, obtaining an insight into the HDF actually entering these critical components by detecting changescaused by mechanical processes (e.g., pressure drops, aeration, or temperature increases). Samples can also be drawn from the pump inlet piping and the turbine draft conduit to understand the properties of HDF before entering the pump or leaving the turbine when directive is received from the fluid control system.

[0061] As shown in figure 1B, the sample line conduit 104 further comprises an angled portion which is attachable to the first sample outlet 102 of the fluid storage tank 101. The one or more angled portions comprises an angle in the region of 22 to 55 degrees relative to a vertical axis.

[0062] A segment of the sample line conduit 104 is inclined at a specific angle rather than being perfectly horizontal or vertical. The angled portion of the sample line conduit 104 connects directly to the first sample outlet 102 on the wall 101 A of the fluid storage tank 101. The angled portion facilitates the effective flow of the HDF from the first sample outlet 102 into the sample line conduit 104. Similarly, the one or more angled portions facilitates the effective flow of the HDF from the second sample outlet 106A-D into the sample line conduit 104 The HDF contains heavy particles that may settle in horizontal pipes, causing blockages or affecting sample accuracy. The angled portion reduces this risk by utilizing gravity to assist fluid flow. An angled connection ensures a smoother transition of fluid from the fluid storage tank 101 into the sample line conduit 104, reducing turbulence and potential disruptions in sampling.

[0063] The one or more inclined portions of the sample line conduit 104 forms an angle within the range of 22 to 55 degrees when measured against the vertical axis. Optionally, the angle of the one or more inclined portions relative to the vertical axis of the sample line conduit 104 is in the range of 22, 23, 24, 25, 2729, 31 , 33, 35, 37, 40, 45, 50 to 23, 24, 25, 2729, 31 , 33, 35, 37, 40, 45, 50, 55 degrees relative to vertical axis. The aforementioned range of the angle of the one or more inclined portions facilitates preventing settling in the sample line conduit 104 and take advantage of gravity to move solid particles through the sample line conduit 104 and reduces the energy required for fluid movement while avoiding particle accumulation in the sample line conduit 104. Optionally, the second sample outlet 106A, the fourth sample outlet 106C and the fifth sample outlet 106D is at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the vertical axis. The angle less than 22 degrees relative to the vertical axis may allow heavy particles in the HDF to settle in the sample line conduit 104, potentially causing blockages and the angle greater than 55 degrees relative to the vertical axis might lead to unnecessary turbulence or increased pressure drop, impairing flow efficiency. The one or more angled portions comprises an angle of 10 to 45 degrees to a horizontal axis Optionally, the angle of the one or more inclined portions relative to the vertical axisof the sample line conduit 104 is in the range of 10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 or 40 to 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 or 45 degrees relative to the horizontal axis. The aforementioned range of the angle of the one or more inclined portions facilitates to prevent settling in the sample line conduit 104 and take advantage of gravity to move solid particles through the sample line conduit 104 and reduces the energy required for fluid movement while avoiding particle accumulation in the sample line conduit 104. The third angled portion comprises an angle of 22.5 degrees relative to the horizontal axis and the fifth angled portion comprises an angle of 11.2 degrees relative to the horizontal axis. As shown in figure 2, at step 202, the operation of the circulatory device is controlled to extract a first sample of retained HDF from the first sample outlet. At step 204, the first sample of retained HDF is circulated through a sensing area provided by the sensor suite 110. At step 206, data indicative of a property of the first sample of retained HDF is generated. At step 208, the operation of the circulatory device is controlled to extract a second sample of retained HDF from the second sample outlet. At step 210, the second sample of retained HDF is circulated through a sensing area provided by the sensor suite 110. At step 212, data indicative of a property of the second sample of retained HDF is generated.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A fluid control system (100) for recirculating a high-density fluid (HDF) comprising a fluid storage tank (101) configured to retain a volume of HDF, the fluid storage tank having walls and a floor (101 B), the wall (101 A) of the fluid storage tank further comprises a first sample outlet (102) arranged at a first position, wherein a first end of a sample line conduit (104) is attached to the first sample outlet;characterised in thatthe fluid control system further comprises a second sample outlet (106A-D) arranged at a second position on the wall of the fluid storage tank, wherein a second end of the sample line conduit (104) is attached to the second sample outlet;a circulatory device (108) that is operably attached to the sample line conduit for circulating a flow of retained HDF from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet;a sensor suite (110) operably attached to the sample line conduit for generating data indicative of a property of the retained HDF extracted from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet; anda controller (112) operably attached to the circulatory device for circulating a flow of retained HDF from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet, to the sensor suite.

2. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sample line conduit (104) further comprising a first actuator valve (114) to control the flow of retained HDF through the first sample outlet (102).

3. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sample line conduit (104) further comprises a second actuator valve (116A-D) to control the flow of retained HDF through the second sample outlet (106A-D).

4. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprising a flush line conduit (118) attached at a first end to a reservoir (118A) of flushing liquid and attached at a second end to the sample line conduit (104).

5. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the first sample outlet (102), second sample outlet (106A-D) and connecting sample line conduit (104) are arranged on the wall (101A) of the fluid storage tank (101) along a vertical axis.

6. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the sample line conduit (104) further comprises an angled portion which is attachable to the first sample outlet (102) of the fluid storage tank (101).

7. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more angled portions comprises an angle in the region of 22 to 55 degrees relative to a vertical axis.

8. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the angled portion comprises an angle of 10 to 45 degrees relative to a horizontal axis.

9. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor suite (110) further comprises a bypass line conduit (120) attached at a first end (120A) to the sample line conduit (104) before the sensor suite and attached at a second end (120B) to the sample line conduit after the sensor suite.

10. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprises a first sampling port located on the HDF inlet of a second circulatory device that is operably attached to a penstock line conduit, wherein the penstock line is attached at one end to the fluid storage tank (101) and attached at a second end to a second fluid storage tank.

11. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprises a second sampling port located on the turbine draft conduit that is operably attached to a penstock line conduit.

12. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, wherein the sampling line conduit (104) further comprises a flow meter.

13. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the sensor suite (110) generates data indicative of a property of at least one of the following components of a retained HDF: pH, Specific Gravity (SG), Viscosity, Dissolved Oxygen and total dissolved solids in the fluids.

14. A fluid control system (100) as claimed in any of the preceding claims, further comprising a level sensor present within the fluid storage tank (101), wherein the controller (112) selects at least one of: the first sample outlet (102), the second sample outlet (106A-D) based on the fluid level detected by the level sensor.

15. A fluid control method for controlling and monitoring a high-density fluid (HDF) retained in a hydro storage system, comprising a fluid storage tank (101) configured to retain a volume of HDF, the fluid storage tank having walls and a floor (101 B), the wall (101 A) of the fluid storage tank further comprises a first sample outlet (102) arranged at a first position and a sample line conduit (104) attached to the first sample outlet; a second sample outlet (106A-D) arranged at a second position on the wall of the fluid storage tank; a circulatory device (108) that is operably attached to the sample line conduit for circulating a flow of retained HDF from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet; a sensor suite (110) arranged on the sample line conduit for generating data indicative of a property of the retained HDF extracted from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet; and a controller (112) operably attached to the circulatory device for circulating a flow of retained HDF from the first sample outlet or second sample outlet, to the sensor suite; the method comprising the steps ofi. controlling the operation of the circulatory device to extract a first sample of retained HDF from the first sample outlet.II. circulating the first sample of retained HDF through a sensing area provided by the sensor suite;ill. generating data indicative of a property of the first sample of retained HDF;iv. controlling the operation of the circulatory device to extract a second sample of retained HDF from the second sample outlet;v. circulating the second sample of retained HDF through a sensing area provided by the sensor suite; andvi. generating data indicative of a property of the second sample of retained HDF.

16. A fluid control method as claimed in claim 15, further comprising:i. controlling a first actuator valve (114) arranged on the sample line conduit (104) to close the first sample outlet (102);II. controlling a second actuator valve (116A-D) arranged on the sample line conduit to close the second sample outlet (106A-D); andill. flushing a liquid from a flushing liquid reservoir, through the sample line conduit, via a flushing line conduit (118).

17. A fluid control method as claimed in claim 15 or 16, further comprising:i. sensing the pressure of the HDF retained within the sample line conduit (104) prior to flushing the sample line conduit;II. activating a diverting means arranged on the sample line conduit for diverting the HDF retained within the sample line conduit through a bypass line conduit (120) comprising a first end (120A) attached to the sample line conduit before the sensor suite (110) and a second end (120B) attached to the sample line conduit after the sensor suite.

18. A fluid control method as claimed in any of the claims 15 to 17, further comprising bypassing the sensor suite (110) by circulating the extracted first or second samples of retained HDF through a bypass line conduit (120) which is connected at a first end (120A) to the sample line conduit (104) before the sensor suite, and connected at a second end (120B) to the sample line conduit after the sensor suite.

Images