A vehicle

Abstract

A vehicle (100) comprising a floor structure with a stepped profile (202). The floor structure including a rear floor structure (204) and a cabin floorboard (109). The vehicle (100) also comprises an engine (305) which is configured under the rear floor structure (204) and an engine cooling system (310). The engine cooling system (310) comprising a radiator assembly (312) which is configured along an axis (A-A') of the vehicle (100). Further, the axis (A-A') intersects with a vertical axis (V-V') of the vehicle (100) at a predefined angle (β).

Description

TITLE OF INVENTIONA VEHICLEFIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present subject matter relates generally to a vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine. More particularly but not exclusively, the present subject matter relates to a liquid cool system for the internal combustion engine of the vehicle.BACKGROUND

[0002] An internal combustion engine of a vehicle generates a significant amount of heat during operation, which must be effectively managed to prevent overheating and ensure optimal performance of the vehicle. This process of heat management is known as heat rejection. Internal combustion engines can be either air-cooled or liquid-cooled. Air-cooled engines rely on airflow to dissipate heat, while liquid- cooled engines use a liquid coolant to absorb and transfer heat away from the engine. In many automotive vehicles, liquid-cooled engines are preferred due to their efficiency in managing heat. The cooling process in these engines involves a water pump which circulates the coolant through passages within the engine, where it absorbs the heat generated by the engine's operation. The heated coolant then flows to the radiator, a heat exchanger, where the heat is transferred from the coolant to the ambient air.

[0003] To enhance this heat transfer process, a fan is often used to draw ambient air across the radiator. This fan can be driven directly by the engine or powered by an electric motor. As the air flows over the radiator, it carries away the heat from the coolant, effectively cooling it down. The cooled coolant then returns to the pump inlet, completing the fluid circuit and allowing the process to repeat. This continuous cycle ensures that the engine remains within a safe operating temperature range, thereby maintaining its performance and longevity.

[0004] In an internal combustion engine, it is crucial to evacuate the heated air from the engine compartment to maintain effective cooling. If the hot air is not properly expelled, the overall cooling efficiency diminishes, leading to potential overheating issues. This inefficiency often results in over-designing the cooling system toensure it meets the cooling requirements, which can be both costly and complex. Additionally, the excess heat that accumulates in the engine compartment can adversely affect the lifespan of other engine components, causing premature wear and potential failures.

[0005] The problem of hot air recirculation is particularly pronounced in rearengine vehicles, where the radiator is also located in the rear engine compartment. In such configurations, the hot air tends to recirculate within the confined space, exacerbating the cooling challenges. To mitigate this issue, air deflectors are often employed to direct the hot air out of the engine compartment effectively. These deflectors help in channelling the heated air away from the engine and radiator, ensuring that fresh, cooler air can be drawn in to maintain optimal cooling performance. Without proper evacuation of hot air, the engine's cooling system would struggle to keep the engine at a safe operating temperature, ultimately affecting the vehicle's reliability and performance.

[0006] The existing solution for cooling internal combustion engines, particularly in vehicles, presents several challenges that impact its overall effectiveness and cost. One significant issue is the mild hot air recirculation caused by the horizontal orientation of the radiator fan axis. This orientation can lead to inefficient expulsion of hot air, resulting in some of the heated air being drawn back into the cooling system. This recirculation reduces the cooling efficiency and can cause the engine to run hotter than desired.

[0007] Additionally, the conventional approach of placing the radiator at the front of the vehicle introduces further complications. This placement necessitates the use of longer coolant hoses or pipes to connect the radiator to the engine, which in turn requires a larger volume of coolant to fill the extended system. The increased length of the hoses and the larger coolant volume not only add to the complexity of the cooling system but also raise the overall cost of the vehicle. The heat generated by the radiator can be conducted into the driver cabin, especially if the insulation is inadequate. This heat transfer can make the cabin uncomfortable for occupants and necessitates additional insulation measures to maintain a pleasant interior temperature. These insulation requirements further contribute to the overall cost and complexity of the vehicle.

[0008] One of the existing solutions involves mounting the radiator directly onto the engine, which allows the entire system to be packaged within the vehicle.However, this approach presents several challenges. One major issue is that the radiator is exposed to mud splashing, which can clog the radiator fins and reduce its cooling efficiency. Additionally, hot air recirculation is not entirely avoided in this setup, as the heated air can still be drawn back into the cooling system, diminishing its effectiveness.

[0009] Another common solution involves placing the radiator above the engine.While this can help with packaging and cooling efficiency, it is not suitable for all vehicles. In vehicles with a flat floor design, where the passenger seat is placed on a flat surface, there is no space to accommodate the radiator above the engine. This area is often used for carrying additional luggage or passengers, making it impractical to place the radiator there.

[0010] Consequently, while the existing cooling solutions are functional, they come with trade-offs that impact both the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the vehicle's cooling system. As a result, the existing solutions are not always compatible with current vehicle, leading to compromises in cooling efficiency and vehicle functionality. These challenges highlight the need for innovative cooling solutions that can be effectively integrated into various vehicle designs without compromising performance or passenger comfort.

[0011] The above information as disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Further limitations and disadvantages of conventional and traditional approaches will become apparent to one of skill in the art, through comparison of described systems with some aspects of the present disclosure, as set forth in the remainder of the present disclosure and with reference to the drawings.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0012] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a vehicle comprising a floor structure. The floor structure further comprising a stepped profile and including a rear floor structure and a cabin floorboard. The engine of the vehicle is mounted under the rear floor structure. The engine cooling system of the vehicle comprising a radiator assembly which is configured along an axis (A-A’) of the vehicle.Further, the axis (A-A’) intersects with a vertical axis (V-V’) of the vehicle at a predefined angle (P).

[0013] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the predefined angle ( ) is in a range of 4 to 17 degrees. Further, the axis (A-A’) is passing along two opposite ends the radiator assembly.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the engine cooling system is configured forward of the engine in a vehicle forward direction. Further, a seating assembly is configured above the rear floor structure.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the engine cooling system is configured offset to an imaginary central axis (CC’). Further, the imaginary central axis (CC’) is passing through center of the vehicle in a length direction.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the engine cooling system is configured rearward of the stepped profile in a vehicle forward direction. Further, the engine is configured forward of an exhaust unit in a vehicle forward direction.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the engine cooling system further comprises a cooling fan assembly. Further, the cooling fan assembly configured rearward of the radiator assembly.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a ratio of the engine displacement capacity to electrical input of the cooling fan assembly will be in a range of 1.5 to 2.9.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the engine cooling system comprises at least one coolant pump for circulating coolant in the engine cooling system using one or more coolant hoses.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The details are described with reference to the embodiments of a vehicle, a seat assembly for the vehicle and the methods thereof. The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to refer similar features and components.

[0021] Figure 1 illustrates a side view of the vehicle with seat assembly, as per one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 2 illustrates a rear cabin of the vehicle, as per one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 3 illustrates an engine compartment of the vehicle, as per one embodiment of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Exemplary embodiments detailing features of the present disclosure in accordance with the present subject matter will be described hereunder with reference to the accompanying drawings. Various aspects of different embodiments of the present invention will become discernible from the following description set out hereunder. Rather, the following description provides a convenient illustration for implementing exemplary embodiments of the present subject matter. Further, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. Additionally, all numerical terms, such as, but not limited to, “first”, “second”, “third”, “primary”, “secondary”, “main” or any other ordinary and / or numerical terms, should also be taken only as identifiers, to assist the reader's understanding of the various elements, embodiments, variations and / or modifications of the present disclosure, and may not create any limitations, particularly as to the order, or preference, of any element, embodiment, variation and / or modification relative to, or over, another element, embodiment, variation and / or modification.

[0025] The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings.Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the following description to refer to the same or similar elements. While embodiments may be described, modifications, adaptations, and other implementations are possible. For example, substitutions, additions, or modifications may be made to the elements illustrated in the drawings, and the methods described herein may be modified by substituting, reordering, or adding stages to the disclosed methods. Accordingly, the following detailed description does not limit the claimed subject matter. Instead, the proper scope of the claimed subject matter is defined by the appended claims. It should be noted that the description and figures merely illustrate principles of the present subject matter. Various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, encompass the principles of the present subject matter. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and examples of the present subject matter, as well as specific examples thereof, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof.

[0026] Further, various embodiments disclosed herein are to be taken in the illustrative and explanatory sense and should in no way be construed as limiting of the present disclosure. All joinder references (e.g., attached, affixed, coupled, disposed, etc.) are only used to aid the reader's understanding of the present disclosure, and may not create limitations, particularly as to the position, orientation, or use of the systems and / or methods disclosed herein. Therefore, joinder references, if any, are to be construed broadly. Moreover, such joinder references do not necessarily infer those two elements are directly connected to each other.

[0027] It will also be appreciated that one or more of the elements depicted in the drawings / figures can also be implemented in a more separated or integrated manner or even removed or rendered as inoperable in certain cases, as is useful in accordance with a particular disclosure. Additionally, any signal hatches in the drawings / figures should be considered only as exemplary, and not limiting, unless otherwise specifically specified.

[0028] The at least one object of the present disclosure is to enhance the packaging efficiency, thermal management of engine, and overall functionality of a vehicle with a rear-mounted engine and an integrated cooling system.

[0029] The at least one object of the present disclosure is to optimize the spatial arrangement of the vehicle components, such as the engine, the engine cooling system, and the seating assembly, within the available chassis layout. Further, by configuring a floor structure that includes a stepped profile, the present disclosure allows for better compartmentalization of the engine bay and the passenger cabin, improving both passenger comfort and system integration. The stepped floor structure not only accommodates the mounting of the engine beneath the rear floor structure but also enables the seamless installation of passenger seating above it without compromising ergonomics or accessibility.

[0030] The at least one object of the present disclosure is to improve the efficiency of the engine cooling system. The radiator assembly, in combination with the cooling fan assembly, is mounted along an axis (A-A’) that intersects with the vertical axis (V-V’) of the vehicle at a predetermined angle (P). This angular orientation is designed to optimize airflow through the radiator during vehicle operation, ensuring that hot air generated during cooling is directed toward the ground rather than recirculating within the engine compartment. By preventing hotair recirculation, the invention enhances thermal dissipation, reduces the risk of overheating, and improves the long-term reliability of the engine and cooling components.

[0031] The at least one object of the present disclosure is to achieve balance between engine capacity and cooling system efficiency. By maintaining a specific ratio between the engine displacement and the electrical input of the cooling fan assembly, the system ensures adequate cooling performance without unnecessary power consumption, contributing to better energy management and fuel efficiency.

[0032] Fig. 1 illustrates a side perspective view of the three-wheeled vehicle (100) (hereinafter ‘vehicle’), in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle (100) generally includes a frame structure (101), a front cowl (102), a front wheel (103), a wheel cover (104), a front suspension unit (105), a windscreen (106), a headlamp assembly (107), a handle bar assembly (108), a floorboard (109), a driver seat (110), a driver backrest (111), at least one passenger seat assembly (200), a rear body panel (113), a pair of rear wheels (114), a rear suspension (115), a soft-top (116), and a power-train assembly (shown in Fig. 2). The vehicle (100) is divided into two compartments along the line X-X’, a front cabin (118) defining the driver’s compartment (118) and a rear cabin (119) defining the passenger’s compartment.

[0033] The frame structure extends from a front side (F) of the vehicle (100) towards a rear side (R) of the vehicle (100) to support the mentioned elements of the vehicle (100). The front cowl (102), at its lower end, is connected to the front wheel (103) such that the wheel cover (104) is disposed in between. The front suspension unit (105) supports the front wheel (103) and connects the front wheel (103) to the frame structure (101). An upper portion of the front cowl (102) supports the windscreen (106) that provides a front view from inside of the vehicle (100). The headlamp assembly (107) is disposed on at least a portion of the front cowl (102) of the vehicle (100). The handlebar assembly (108) is disposed behind the front cowl (102) in the front cabin (118). The floorboard (109) extends from a bottom portion of the front cowl (102) towards the rear side (R) of the vehicle (100) and supported by the frame structure (101). The floorboard (109) extends from the driver compartment (118) to the rear cabin (119) to provide leg space to passenger as well as the driver. The driver seat (110) and the driver backrest ( 111) are disposed in the driver compartment (118), whereas the at least one passenger seat is disposedin the rear cabin (119). The rear cabin (119) is covered by the rear body panel (113) such that the soft-top (116) connects a top end of the front cowl ( 102) and a top end of the rear body panel (113). The soft-top (116) is adapted to provide a top cover for the front cabin (118) and the rear cabin (119). The rear body panel (113) accommodates the pair of rear wheels (114) supported on the frame structure (101) through a rear axle (not shown) and the rear suspension (115).

[0034] In one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the front cabin (118) is located in front side of the vehicle (100) and the rear cabin (119) is located at a rear side of the vehicle (100). The front cabin (118) is configured to accommodate a driver of the vehicle (100) and the rear cabin (119) is configured to accommodate at least one of a load deck or to accommodate passengers of the vehicle (100).

[0035] In one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the vehicle (100) is a multi-wheeled vehicle such as a three wheeled vehicle, a four wheeled vehicle, a multi axle vehicle, and the like. In one of the embodiments of the present disclosure the vehicle (100) may be a Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) based vehicle and have components suitable for traction

[0036] In Figure 2, illustrates a portion (200) of the rear cabin (119) of the vehicle (100), as per one embodiment of the present disclosure. Further, Figure 3 illustrates an engine compartment (300) of the vehicle (100), as per one embodiment of the present disclosure. The figures 2 and 3 are taken together for describing the present subject matter.

[0037] The vehicle (100) while extending from the driver cabin (118) to the rear cabin (119) extend from the floorboard (109) to a rear floor structure (204) of the vehicle (100). The rear floor structure (204) provides support and stability to the rear cabin (119). In case of a passenger vehicle, a seat assembly (112) is configured over the rear floor structure (204). The rear floor structure (202) is mounted over a pair of longitudinal chassis members (not shown) extending longitudinally along a vehicle length direction. The pair of longitudinal chassis members are connected using one or more cross members. The one or more cross members provide lateral stability and support to the frame structure, ensuring that the structural integrity of the vehicle (100) is maintained.

[0038] The vehicle (100) incorporates a floor structure configured with a stepped profile (202), which is composed of a rear floor structure (204) and a cabin floorboard (109). The floor structure of the vehicle (100) is not a simple flat planebut rather a stepped profile (202), which means it has varying heights at different sections. This stepped profile (202) comprises two main parts: the rear floor structure (204) and the cabin floorboard (109). The stepped profile (202) allows for more efficient use of space within the vehicle (100), lowering the floor height in the cabin area for improved passenger comfort, while accommodating other vehicle components underneath.

[0039] Mounted beneath the rear floor structure (204) is an engine compartment (300) which comprises essentially an engine (305) of the vehicle (100). Positioning the engine (305) in this rearward and lower frees up space in other areas of the vehicle (100) allowing for a more spacious cabin or increased storage capacity. Further, an engine cooling system (310), which is essential for maintaining optimal temperatures ofthe engine (305) during operation. The engine cooling system (310) comprises a radiator assembly (312), which is responsible for dissipating heat from a coolant of the engine (305). More specifically, the radiator assembly (312) cools the engine (305) by circulating coolant through the engine block, absorbing heat, and then passing the heated coolant through the radiator assembly (312) where it loses heat to the air, which is then recirculated to repeat the process.

[0040] This radiator assembly (312) is mounted along a predefined axis (A-A’) that extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (100). The axis (A-A’) serves as a reference line for the alignment and orientation of the radiator assembly (312) within the engine compartment (300) of the vehicle (100) which is underneath the rear floor structure (204). More specifically, the radiator assembly (312) is positioned such that its main structure is aligned along the axis (A-A’), ensuring a consistent and purposeful orientation relative to the vehicle’s lengthwise direction. The axis (A-A’) passes along two opposite ends of the radiator assembly (312), effectively establishing its spatial positioning. These opposite ends refer to the structural boundaries of the radiator assembly (312) that extend from one side to the other, defining its overall width or height depending on the mounting orientation. In an embodiment ofthe present disclosure, the axis (A-A’) specifically passes through two vertically opposite ends of the radiator assembly (312). This indicates that the radiator is inclined or oriented in such a way that the axis (A-A’) extends from its lower end to its upper end in the vertical plane, while still maintaining alignment with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle (100).

[0041] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, positioned rearward of the radiator assembly (312) is a cooling fan assembly (314). The cooling fan assembly (314) assists in drawing air through the radiator (312), enhancing the heat dissipation process, particularly during low-speed driving or idling conditions. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling fan assembly (314) often driven by the engine (305), is used to force air through the radiator assembly (312), especially when the vehicle (100) is stationary or moving slowly, to ensure efficient heat dissipation.

[0042] The axis (A-A’) along which the radiator assembly (312) is mounted intersects with a vertical axis (V-V’) of the vehicle (100) at a predefined angle (P). The vertical axis (V-V’) of the vehicle (100) is substantially perpendicular to the floor structure of the vehicle (100). This angular positioning of the radiator assembly (312) relative to the vehicle’s vertical axis (V-V’) is configured to optimize airflow through the engine cooling system (310) which results in improved thermal efficiency and improved packaging within the rear section of the vehicle (100). The predefined angle ( ) ensures that the radiator assembly (312) and cooling fan assembly (314) are integrated into the vehicle (100) in a manner that the same enhances overall performance, cooling effectiveness, and potentially even aerodynamic efficiency.

[0043] The axis (A-A’) which defines the alignment of the radiator assembly (312), passes vertically through at least two opposite ends of the radiator assembly (312). This ensures that the radiator is symmetrically positioned relative to the defined axis, allowing for balanced airflow distribution across its surface. The axis (A-A’) intersects the vehicle’s vertical axis (V-V’) at a predefined angle (P), which is specified to be within the range of 4 to 17 degrees. This angular orientation of the radiator assembly (312) is configured to optimize the thermal management of the engine cooling system (310). More specifically, by tilting the radiator assembly (312) within this specific angular range, airflow can be directed more efficiently through the cooling components, enhancing heat dissipation and ensuring optimal performance under varying driving conditions. Additionally, this configuration allows the radiator assembly (312) to be better integrated into the engine compartment (300) of the vehicle (100), contributing to improved packaging and space utilization within the rear floor structure (204).

[0044] The engine cooling system (310) is configured forward of the engine (305), relative to the forward direction of the vehicle (100). This means that when considering the vehicle’s longitudinal axis, the engine cooling system (310) components such as the radiator assembly (312) and the cooling fan assembly (314) are positioned in front of the engine (305). This forward mounting arrangement facilitates direct airflow intake through the radiator assembly (312) as the vehicle moves forward, maximizing the efficiency of convective cooling. Additionally, placing the engine cooling system (310) forward of the engine (305) improve thermal isolation, minimizing the recirculation of hot air from the engine bay into the cooling system’s airflow path. This configuration contributes to maintaining consistent cooling performance, especially during high-demand scenarios such as extended uphill driving or towing.

[0045] The angular orientation of the radiator assembly (312) is configured to manage the airflow within the engine compartment (300), particularly in controlling the path of hot air after it has been utilized for engine (305) cooling. Due to the specific tilt or inclination of the radiator assembly defined by its alignment along axis (A-A’) intersecting the vehicle’s vertical axis (V-V’) at a predefined angle ( ) the heated air exiting the engine cooling system (310) is directed downward toward the ground of the vehicle (100), rather than being allowed to circulate freely within the engine compartment (300). This strategic airflow direction ensures that once the air has absorbed heat from the engine (305) and the radiator assembly (312), it is effectively expelled away from the sensitive components and out of the confined space of the engine compartment (300). Further, by channelling the hot air toward the ground, the engine cooling system (310) significantly reduces or eliminates the risk of hot air recirculation. Hot air recirculation occurs when the expelled heated air is inadvertently drawn back into the engine cooling system (310) air intake, reducing cooling efficiency and potentially causing elevated engine temperatures. In this arrangement, the angular placement of the radiator assembly (312) ensures a unidirectional flow path for the discharged air, promoting efficient heat dissipation and maintaining a cooler environment within the engine compartment (300). This contributes not only to the consistent performance of the engine cooling system (310) but also to the overall thermal stability and reliability of the vehicle (100) during prolonged operation or in high-temperature environments.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the angular orientation of the radiator assembly (312) is substantially parallel to the stepped profde (202) of the vehicle (100). Further, by placing the radiator assembly (312) parallel to the stepped profde (202) ensures that the radiator assembly (312) follows the same angular inclination as the stepped profde (202). This arrangement facilitates efficient packaging of the radiator assembly (312) within the limited space available in the the engine compartment (300) of the vehicle (100). Furthermore, this configuration helps streamline airflow through the radiator by complementing the natural airflow dynamics shaped by the stepped floor structure, thereby enhancing cooling performance.

[0047] The engine cooling system (310) is configured between the stepped profde (202) and the engine (305) of the vehicle (100). Further, there is a predefined space between the radiator assembly (312) and the stepped profde (202) of the vehicle (100). The predefined space is configured for ensuring unobstructed airflow to and from the radiator assembly (312), which is essential for effective heat exchange. The predefined space allows air to pass freely around the radiator assembly (312), maximizing cooling efficiency by preventing any blockage or restriction that could lead to thermal inefficiencies or overheating. It also facilitates easier routing of coolant hoses (304) and provides sufficient clearance for vibration isolation mounts or other components necessary for securing the radiator assembly in place.

[0048] A seating assembly (112) is configured above the rear floor structure (204).The seating assembly (112), which may include one or more passenger seats, is positioned directly over the area where the rear floor structure (204) covers the engine (305) and other related systems. This arrangement allows the vehicle (100) to efficiently utilize the available cabin space without compromising passenger comfort or seating ergonomics. The rear floor structure (204), particularly its stepped profde (202), ensures that there is adequate clearance and insulation between the engine compartment (300) beneath and the seating assembly (112) above. This configuration optimizes space within the vehicle (100) and also ensures that heat and vibration from the engine (305) are managed effectively, maintaining passenger comfort and safety within the cabin.

[0049] The engine cooling system (310) is configured in an offset position relative to an imaginary central axis (CC’). This central axis (CC’) is defined as an imaginary line that runs longitudinally through the center of the vehicle (100),essentially dividing the vehicle (100) into left and right halves along its length. By mounting the engine cooling system (310) offset from this central axis (CC’) either towards the left-hand side or right-hand side of the vehicle (100) optimizes the internal packaging and spatial arrangement of components within the engine compartment (300) and rear floor structure (204). This offset placement provides flexibility in the positioning of other major systems, such as the engine (305), exhaust unit (320), or structural reinforcements, and can enhance weight distribution and vehicle balance. Further, by locating the cooling system (310) away from the central axis, airflow paths can be more efficiently directed, reducing the risk of thermal interference with adjacent systems and potentially lowering the center of gravity of vehicle (100) in that area.

[0050] The engine cooling system (310) is configured rearward of the stepped profile (202) of the floor structure, relative to the forward direction of the vehicle (100). The stepped profile (202) forms part of the floor structure, typically creating different height levels between the cabin floorboard (109) and the rear floor structure (204). Further, by configuring the engine cooling system (310) rearward of this stepped profile (202) means that the radiator assembly (312) and cooling fan assembly (314) are located behind this structural feature when viewed along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle (100). This configuration allows for better compartmentalization of the engine cooling system (310) and the engine (305), improving packaging efficiency and simplifying the routing of airflow. Furthermore, placing the engine cooling system (310) rearward of the stepped profile (202) can provide thermal benefits, ensuring that heat generated by the radiator assembly (312) and cooling fan assembly (314) is isolated from the passenger compartment and does not contribute to cabin heating. It can also aid in service accessibility by clearly defining the cooling module’s space behind the main structure of the vehicle floor.

[0051] This stepped profile (202) in the floor structure of the vehicle (100) serves multiple functional purposes, enhancing both the aerodynamic performance and passenger convenience. The stepped profile (202), which creates distinct height levels between the cabin floorboard (109) and the rear floor structure (204), is also configured to influence the airflow beneath the vehicle (100) during motion. More specifically, the contour and positioning of the stepped profile (202) act to redirect or deviate the air that flows underneath the chassis of the vehicle (100). As thevehicle ( 100) moves forward, air naturally passes beneath the underbody; however, due to the shape and orientation of the stepped profde (202), a portion of this airflow is directed upwards toward the radiator assembly (312), which is configured rearward in the vehicle (100). This redirection of airflow facilitates improved cooling efficiency by channelling additional ambient air through the radiator assembly (312), aiding in the dissipation of heat from the engine cooling system (310). Such an arrangement reduces reliance on the cooling fan assembly (314) alone, thereby improving overall thermal management and potentially reducing the power consumption of the cooling fan assembly (314).

[0052] The stepped profile (202) also incorporates a practical feature in the form of a rear footstep. This rear footstep is integrated into the rear floor structure (204), providing an accessible platform for passengers when boarding or alighting from the seating assembly (112), which is configured above the rear floor structure (204). The footstep offers improved ergonomics and ease of access, particularly beneficial for passengers entering the rear seating area, by reducing the height differential they need to navigate.

[0053] The engine (305) is configured forward of an exhaust unit (320), relative to the forward direction of the vehicle (100). This means that along the longitudinal axis of the vehicle (100), the engine (305) is positioned ahead of the exhaust unit (320), which may include components such as the exhaust manifold, catalytic converter, muffler, or tailpipe assemblies. This allows for an efficient exhaust gas flow path, as exhaust gases generated by the engine can travel directly rearward toward the exhaust unit (320) and then be discharged from the vehicle (100). Further, by positioning the exhaust unit (320) behind the engine (305), the vehicle (100) benefits from improved thermal management, as heat from the exhaust unit (320) is kept away from critical components of the engine (305) and other sensitive systems.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the ratio of the engine (305) displacement capacity to the electrical input of the cooling fan assembly (314) is maintained within a specified range of 1.5 to 2.9. This ratio ensures an optimal balance between the size of the engine (305) (its displacement capacity, typically measured in litters or cubic centimetres) and the power consumption of the cooling fan assembly (314), which operates electrically. By maintaining this ratio within the defined range, the engine cooling system (310) is effectively matched to thethermal load generated by the engine (305) during operation. A ratio within this window ensures that the cooling fan assembly (314) provides sufficient airflow to maintain appropriate engine temperatures without imposing excessive electrical demand on the power system of the vehicle (100). This optimized ratio also contributes to improved energy efficiency, reducing unnecessary power draw from the electrical system, which is particularly beneficial in vehicles where electrical energy is a shared resource (such as hybrid or electric vehicles).

[0055] The engine cooling system (310) includes at least one coolant pump configured to circulate coolant throughout the engine cooling circuit. This pump ensures that coolant flows continuously through the various components of the engine cooling system (310), including the engine (305), radiator assembly (312), and other related heat exchangers if applicable. The coolant pump works in conjunction with one or more coolant hoses (304), which serve as conduits for directing the coolant between different sections of the system. The pump actively moves the coolant, absorbing heat from the engine as it flows through its coolant passages, and then transports the heated fluid toward the radiator assembly (312), where it releases the absorbed heat into the surrounding air. After cooling down, the coolant is recirculated back to the engine (305) in a closed loop. The inclusion of at least one coolant pump in the engine cooling system (310) ensures effective thermal regulation by maintaining a consistent and controlled flow of coolant, preventing the engine from overheating and promoting efficient operation under a variety of load and ambient conditions.

[0056] The engine (305) is configured on a cross member and positioned between a pair of rear wheels (114) of the vehicle (100). By situating the engine (305) between the rear wheels (114), this configuration contributes to better weight distribution across the rear axle of the vehicle (100), which can enhance vehicle handling, stability, and traction especially important for vehicles with rear-wheel drive configurations.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the engine cooling system (310) is configured between the engine (305) and at least one rear wheel pair of rear wheels (114) of the vehicle (100). More specifically, the engine cooling system (310) is configured either left side or right side of the engine (305) in the vehicle forward direction.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a connecting member is configured for linking the rear floor structure (204) with the cabin floorboard (109). Further, an access window (not shown) is configured within the connecting member. The access window allows easy access to various components (305, 310) of the vehicle (100). Furthermore, the access window location is between the rear floor structure (204) and the cabin floorboard (109). More specifically, the access window is located beneath the rear floor structure (204) and above the rear cabin floorboard (109). Accordingly, the components (305, 310) it provides access to are likely housed in the engine compartment (300). The access window is also configured to examine the engine cooling system (310) as the radiator assembly (312) and the cooling fan assembly (314) is directly accessible from the access window.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, to protect the at least one access window when it is not in use, a window cover is integrated into the connecting member. The at least one access window, is configured to allow access to the one or more components (305, 310), is detachably covered with a window cover. The window cover protects the components from dust, debris, and other environmental factors while still allowing easy access when needed. The window cover ensures that the components remain in good working condition and can be easily inspected or serviced. Further, in one of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the window cover is made up of transparent material to visually access the one or more components (305, 310) without opening the window cover.

[0060] The window cover is configured with the connecting member and is configured to move between a covered and uncovered position, allowing the access window to be selectively covered or uncovered as needed. More specifically, when covered, it protects the access window from dirt, debris, and potential damage, maintaining the integrity of the components (305, 310) below. When uncovered, it allows quick and easy access to the components (305, 310) for maintenance or inspection. This feature ensures that the access window can be protected when not in use, while still being easily accessible when required for maintenance or other purposes.

[0061] The present disclosure collectively enhances the performance, efficiency, and functionality of the vehicle (100). One of the primary advantages lies in the optimized packaging and spatial arrangement of key components within the vehiclestructure. By incorporating a floor structure with a stepped profile (202), the present disclosure effectively separates the passenger cabin area from the engine compartment, allowing for a compact yet functional placement of the engine (305) beneath the rear floor structure (204). This layout not only maximizes the use of available space but also permits the installation of a seating assembly (112) directly above the engine compartment without compromising passenger comfort or accessibility. The inclusion of a rear footstep further improves ease of entry and exit for passengers, enhancing overall vehicle ergonomics.

[0062] Another key advantage is the improved thermal management achieved through the angular orientation of the radiator assembly (312). By mounting the radiator along an axis (A-A’) that intersects the vertical axis (V-V’) of the vehicle at a predefined angle (P), the cooling system directs hot air downward toward the ground, effectively preventing hot air recirculation within the engine compartment. This results in better heat dissipation, reducing the risk of engine overheating and improving the overall efficiency and reliability of the cooling system (310). Additionally, the engine cooling system is mounted either offset from the central longitudinal axis (CC’) or rearward of the stepped profile which enhances airflow and simplifies the integration of cooling components within the chassis of the vehicle (100). Further, because of the placement of the engine cooling system (310) in the engine compartment (300) same is protected from the backsplash also.

[0063] The disclosure also provides an optimal balance between engine displacement capacity and the electrical input required by the cooling fan assembly (314). Maintaining this ratio within a defined range ensures that the cooling fan operates efficiently without imposing excessive electrical demand, contributing to better energy management and improved fuel efficiency.

[0064] The disclosed invention addresses a longstanding challenge in traditional layouts of the vehicle (100) by effectively maximizing space utilization without compromising on passenger comfort or safety. Apert from this, the overall functionality, versatility, usability, flexibility and adaptability of the vehicle (100) is enhanced.

[0065] In the exemplary embodiment, the vehicle (100) is a three wheeled vehicle.However, the present invention is not limited to three-wheeled vehicle. Further, the disclosed invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments. For example, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms“a,” “an” and “they” can include plural referents unless the content clearly indicates otherwise. Further, when introducing elements / components / etc. of the assembly / system / methods described and / or illustrated herein, the articles “a”, “an”, “the”, and “said” are intended to mean that there is one or more of the element(s) / component(s) / etc. The terms “comprising”, “including”, and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional element(s) / component(s) / etc. other than the listed element(s) / component(s) / etc.

[0066] This written description uses examples to provide details on the disclosure, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the disclosure, including making and using any devices or systems or performing any incorporated methods. The scope of the disclosure is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.

[0067] It is to be understood that the aspects of the embodiments are not necessarily limited to the features described herein. Many modifications and variations of the present subject matter are possible in the light of above disclosure.

Claims

We Claim:

1. A vehicle (100), the vehicle (100) comprising:a floor structure comprising a stepped profile (202), the floor structure including a rear floor structure (204) and a cabin floorboard (109);an engine (305), the engine (305) mounted under the rear floor structure (204); andan engine cooling system (310), the engine cooling system (310) comprising:a radiator assembly (312), the radiator assembly (312) configured along an axis (A- A’) of the vehicle (100); andthe axis (A-A’) intersects with a vertical axis (V-V’) of the vehicle (100) at a predefined angle (P).

2. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predefined angle (P) is in a range of 4 to 17 degrees, and wherein the axis (A-A’) is passing along two opposite ends the radiator assembly (312).

3. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine cooling system (310) is configured forward of the engine (305) in a vehicle forward direction.

4. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein a seating assembly (112) is configured above the rear floor structure (204).

5. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine cooling system (310) is configured offset to an imaginary central axis (CC’), and wherein the imaginary central axis (CC’) is passing through center of the vehicle (100) in a length direction.

6. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine cooling system (310) is configured rearward of the stepped profile (202) in a vehicle forward direction.

7. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine (305) is configured forward of an exhaust unit (320) in a vehicle forward direction.

8. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine cooling system (310) further comprises a cooling fan assembly (314), the cooling fan assembly (314) configured rearward of the radiator assembly (312).

9. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 8, wherein a ratio of the engine (305) displacement capacity to electrical input of the cooling fan assembly (314) is in a range of 1.5 to 2.9.

10. The vehicle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine cooling system (310) comprises at least one coolant pump for circulating coolant in the engine cooling system (310) using one or more coolant hoses (304).

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