Off-grid sustainable portable toilet with integrated waste treatment and fertilizer conversion

Abstract

A portable off-grid sanitation system is disclosed comprising a dual-chamber structure for biological waste processing and liquid fertilizer recovery The system includes an upper chamber containing a biological treatment medium configured to decompose solid waste and a lower chamber configured to collect treated liquid via gravity. A lid-actuated mechanism simultaneously opens a waste inlet and activates a ventilation system incorporating a fan and odour filtration element, thereby enabling on-demand odour control with minimal energy consumption. The system further includes a manual water dispensing mechanism for chemical- free cleaning and a controlled discharge outlet for direct application of collected liquid as fertilizer. The invention operates without continuous external power or chemical additives and is suitable for use in remote, mobile, or infrastructure-limited environments.

Description

[0001] OFF-GRID SUSTAINABLE PORTABLE TOILET WITH INTEGRATED WASTE TREATMENT AND FERTILIZER CONVERSION

[0002] Field of the Invention

[0003] The present invention relates to the field of portable sanitation devices and specifically to off-grid, chemically-free toilet systems that integrate biological waste decomposition with direct conversion of treated liquid waste into usable fertilizer. It addresses sustainable environmental engineering challenges in remote, mobile, or infrastructure-absent settings through a compact, lightweight, two-compartment design that enables on-site treatment without external power sources or additives.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] Portable sanitation systems currently available rely primarily on chemical-based waste stabilization, requiring frequent servicing and generating environmentally harmful by-products. Conventional chemical cassette toilets, for example, use harsh additives that prevent any beneficial reuse of waste and demand regular emptying, leading to environmental pollution upon disposal. Biological sanitation alternatives have been developed; however, these systems typically suffer from one or more limitations such as dependence on continuous electrical power for heating or aeration, bulky or stationary configurations that limit portability, multi-stage or delayed waste processing, lack of direct and immediate nutrient recovery, and absence of efficient, on-demand odour control mechanisms.

[0006] Prior art systems, including composting toilets and microorganism-based treatment systems, do not provide a fully integrated, portable, and off-grid solution that simultaneously achieves immediate biological processing of waste, passive gravity-based liquid separation, event-triggered ventilation and odour control, and direct fertilizer recovery without further processing. Portable sanitation solutions have historically depended on chemical treatments for waste stabilization, leading to environmental pollution upon disposal and requiring frequent servicing, while biological alternatives that have emerged often remain limited by size, power requirements, or incompleteintegration of treatment and resource recovery. Accordingly, there exists a need for a self-contained sanitation system that overcomes these limitations while enabling sustainable, decentralized waste management.

[0007] Real prior art illustrates these limitations clearly. US Patent No. 4,096,592 (1978) describes a composting toilet with a waste pile platform, peat moss layer, blower, and thermostat-controlled heating for decomposition; however, it is stationary, electrically dependent for continuous heating, lacks any portable two-compartment separation, direct liquid fertilizer collection via spout, lid-activated shutter-fan system, or non-return valve hygiene features. International Patent Application WO 2018 / 178800 Al discloses a self-contained composting toilet employing microorganisms, composting worms, filtration, and sterilization stages for nutrient recovery; yet it requires thermal energy inputs, complex worm maintenance, non-portable construction, and does not feature automatic lid-triggered ventilation with integrated carbon filter, battery-minimal operation, motion-activated lighting, or a dedicated base spout with valve cover for immediate fertilizer drainage to plants.

[0008] Similarly, other referenced systems such as DE 19750987 Al (basket-type with urine separation) or US 7507577 B2 rely on external processing steps, power for aeration, or lack the sealed off-grid portability and automatic odor control tied directly to lid movement. None combine the lightweight, knockdown transport compatibility, chemical-free aerobic decomposition in an upper biological bed with downward liquid seepage, stored fertilizer drainage, and user-comfort features like the present invention.

[0009] The invention overcomes these gaps by delivering a fully integrated, energy-minimal portable system that treats waste biologically on contact and converts liquids into fertilizer ready for direct use, all within a single compact enclosure suitable for travel, outdoor activities, patient care, and remote off-grid locations.

[0010] Object of the Invention

[0011] The present invention aims to provide a comprehensive portable sanitation system by combining key goals from both descriptions into a unified set ofobjectives. This merge eliminates redundancy while preserving unique aspects like no electricity, specific applications, and user comfort features.

[0012] • Provide a portable sanitation system operable without chemicals or centralized infrastructure, sustainable and operating entirely without electricity through biological decomposition processes.

[0013] • Enable real-time / point-of-use biological processing and decomposition of human waste, integrating direct fertilizer recovery and conversion from treated liquid for eco-friendly reuse as nutrient-rich fertilizer minimizing waste output.

[0014] • Minimize energy consumption through event-triggered system activation while improving hygiene with odor control in a compact, easy-to- transport design adaptable to diverse off-grid environments like travel, outdoor recreation, patient care, and remote installations.

[0015] • Enhance user comfort and usability through automated features such as motion-activated lighting, night-sensing, and lid-triggered odor control.

[0016] Summary of the Invention

[0017] The invention comprises a lightweight, two-compartment off-grid portable toilet wherein the upper compartment receives urine and solid waste and houses a biological treatment layer of aerobic bacteria, enzymes, or organisms that immediately decompose solids while allowing liquids to seep downward; the lower compartment stores the resulting treated liquid as fertilizer. A lid-linked shutter mechanism retracts on opening to activate a battery-driven exhaust fan with integrated carbon filter for odor venting, while a non-return valve prevents backflow. A base spout with valve and cover enables controlled drainage of fertilizer to plants. Additional integrated elements include a 5-litre water storage reservoir and pump for chemical-free bowl cleaning, a 7.5 -litre fresh water tank with fill points, and motion-activated LED lighting powered by AAA batteries. The entire assembly uses durable, water-resistant materials for portability and knock-down transport.Therefore such as herein described there is provided an off-grid sustainable portable toilet with integrated waste treatment and fertilizer conversion comprising of a cover of the toilet (1) fitted with a holder for picking the cover and minimal contact area (2); a lid cover (3), an upper box for storage fresh water 5 ltrs approx. (4) connected to a manual pump for flush the water (10); a bottom wastewater grey storage as capacity 10 ltrs approx. (5) for treated liquid fertilizer; a lever for operating shutter of bowl and activation exhaust vent (6); a motion sensor, easy to clean and water resistant (7) controlling a LED light motion based and night sensing (14); a sheet cover lock (8), reusable and washable plush packaging (9); a spout delivery for drain to plant as fertilizer (11) with cover of drain point (12); and a plurality of fill points for fresh water (13).

[0018] Also herein described there is provided a method of operating the aforesaid portable toilet comprising the steps of lifting the cover of the toilet (1) using the holder (2), operating the lever (6) to open the shutter and activate exhaust vent; depositing waste for biological treatment and liquid collection in the bottom storage (5); rinsing the bowl using the manual pump (10); illuminating the interior via the motion sensor (7) and LED light (14); and draining treated fertilizer to plants via the spout delivery (11) after opening the drain point cover (12).

[0019] This configuration distinguishes the invention by achieving real-time biological treatment, automatic odour management tied exclusively to use, direct fertilizer output, and comfort features in a single portable unit — features absent in the electrically heated or worm-dependent prior art systems referenced above.

[0020] The key features of the invention can be summarize as a self-contained portable sanitation system comprising a Dual-Chamber Configuration with an upper chamber configured to receive and biologically process waste and a lower chamber configured to collect treated liquid. A Biological Processing Medium wherein a treatment layer located in the upper chamber comprising aerobic microorganisms, configured to decompose solid waste upon contact and convert waste into liquid and gaseous by-products. The invention provides gravity-Based Separation having a passive interface allowingdownward percolation of liquid into the lower chamber and separation without mechanical pumping or external energy. The system has adaptive Ventilation comprises of a fan and an odour filtration element (e.g., carbon filter). The system is mechanically linked to a lid, such that opening the lid activates ventilation and closing the lid deactivates ventilation. The system also has a shutter mechanism wherein a movable shutter configured to seal the waste chamber when not in use and open automatically during use. The system also provides for fertilizer recovery system wherein the lower chamber includes a storage volume for treated liquid and a discharge outlet with a controllable valve. The treated liquid is directly usable as fertilizer. The system has manual cleaning system with a water storage unit and manual dispensing mechanism configured for chemical-free cleaning and Independent operation without electricity. Additionally there are few auxiliary features are present which includes motion-activated lighting, hygienic handling interfaces and portable and modular construction.

[0021] Brief Description of the Accompanying Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 (set) is a schematic perspective view of the complete assembly in accordance with the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 (set) is a cross- section perspective of the upper compartment in accordance with the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a detailed isolated open-view of the lower compartment in accordance with the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 illustrates the closed and motion-activated LED lighting and nightsensing mechanism in accordance with the present invention.

[0026] The drawings are schematic representations of the structural and functional relationships and are not drawn to scale.

[0027] Detailed Description

[0028] The invention will now be described in the greatest possible exhaustive detail with continuous reference to all four accompanying drawings and with precise incorporation of the reference numerals so that a person skilled in the field ofintegrated waste treatment and fertilizer conversion technology can clearly understand every structural element, its precise interrelationship with every other element, and the complete operational sequence. Every feature is explained in flowing paragraph form with repeated cross-references to Figure 1 (overall cross-sectional assembly), Figure 2 (upper compartment exploded details), Figure 3 (lower compartment and spout isolation), and Figure 4 (lighting and fill-point enclosure) to ensure full enablement and workability. SN PARTICULAR

[0029] 1 Cover of the toilet

[0030] 2 Holder for picking the cover and minimal contact area

[0031] 3 Lid cover

[0032] 4 Upper box for storage fresh water 5 ltrs approx.

[0033] 5 Bottom wastewater grey storage as capacity 10 ltrs approx.

[0034] 6 Lever for operating shutter of bowl and activation exhaust vent

[0035] 7 Generic brand motion sensor,easy to clean and water resistant

[0036] 8 Sheet cover lock

[0037] 9 Reusable and washable Plush Packaging

[0038] 10 Manual pump for flush the water

[0039] 11 Spout delivery for drain to plant as fertilizer

[0040] 12 Cover of drain point

[0041] 13 Fill points for fresh water

[0042]

[0043] 14 LED light motion based and night sensing

[0044] 1. Cover of Toilet: The cover of the portable toilet serves as a protective sheet for both hygiene and practicality. Made from durable, lightweight, and water-resistant plastic, it prevents contamination when the toilet is not in use.

[0045] 2. Holder for Picking the Cover: The holder for lifting the cover is ergonomically designed to allow users to easily open the toilet with minimal contact, enhancing hygiene. It is a small, recessed grip located on the front or side of the cover, shaped to comfortably fit a few fingers. This minimal contact area reduces the chance of spreading germs, making it suitable for environments where sanitation is crucial, such as patient care or travel.3. Lid Cover: The lid cover of the toilet acts as an additional protective layer over the seat, ensuring hygiene when the toilet is not in use. It is constructed from high-quality, durable plastic that is both lightweight and water-resistant.

[0046] 4. Upper Box for Storing Fresh Water: The upper box, in green, is dedicated to storing fresh water with a capacity of approximately 5 litres. The same compartment houses a vent for ventilation, an opening mechanism for the poop shutter, a vent shutter, and organic aerobic bacteria. These bacteria consume solid waste resting on the material, while urine seeps down and is collected in the second compartment. The box is constructed from durable, non-toxic, water-resistant plastic, ensuring safe storage for extended periods. Lightweight yet strong, it is easy to transport without compromising structural integrity. Water from this tank can be manually dispensed for flushing or cleaning, helping maintain hygiene.

[0047] 5. Bottom Liquid Fertilizer Storage: The bottom box, in yellow, serves as the liquid fertilizer storage compartment with a capacity of approximately 10 litres. This tank is designed to securely hold treated liquid waste, featuring durable, leak-proof construction made from high-strength, non-toxic plastic. A non-return valve prevents backflow, ensuring the separation of fresh water and waste. A liquid level indicator helps users monitor the tank's capacity, ensuring timely emptying. The detachable box allows for quick and hygienic disposal of liquid fertilizer, and can be used for plants without causing harm.

[0048] 6. Lever for Operating the Shutter of the Bowl and Activating the Exhaust Vent: The lever is attached to the shutter and vent pipe. When the lid is opened, the lever activates the shutter and vent; when the lid is closed, the shutter and vent are in closed mode, as shown in the sketches.

[0049] 7. Generic Brand Motion Sensor, Easy to Clean, and Water-Resistant: The motion sensor integrated into the toilet is a generic brand model, chosen for its reliability, ease of maintenance, and affordability. This sensor automatically activates features like the night light when it detects movement, enhancing user convenience, especially in low-light conditions. It is designed to be water-resistant, ensuring durability in wet environments or duringcleaning. Its smooth surface is free of intricate grooves, making it easy to clean with a simple wipe. The sensor is discreetly positioned to avoid interference with the overall design while providing optimal functionality.

[0050] 8. Sheet Cover Lock: The sheet cover lock on the front side of the toilet secures the seat cover firmly in place when not in use, ensuring hygiene and preventing accidental openings during transport. Made from durable, corrosion-resistant materials, the lock is designed for quick and easy operation. Users can engage or disengage it with a simple push or slide mechanism. Its front-side placement allows for convenient access while ensuring that the cover remains securely fastened. The lock also helps maintain the toilet’s airtight seal, preventing odors from escaping and ensuring a clean, secure closure.

[0051] 9. Reusable and Washable Plush Packaging: The plush packaging for the portable toilet is designed to provide both comfort and protection. This soft, cushioned cover is made from high-quality, water-resistant fabric that is washable and reusable, ensuring durability and hygiene over time. The plush material offers a comfortable seating experience, particularly for extended use, while being gentle on the skin. It is easy to remove, clean, and reattach, making maintenance hassle-free. The material is designed to withstand frequent washing without losing its softness or structural integrity, contributing to the overall user-friendly and sustainable design of the toilet. 10. Manual Pump for Flushing Water: The manual pump in the toilet allows users to flush water from the upper fresh water tank with ease. This pump is designed to operate without electricity, making it perfect for off-grid and outdoor use. Conveniently located near the toilet seat, it allows users to manually control the amount of water used for flushing. The pump releases a controlled flow of water, efficiently cleaning the bowl. Made from durable, water-resistant materials, the pump is designed to be easy to maintain and resistant to wear. This eco-friendly system ensures minimal water waste, aligning with the toilet’s sustainability goals.

[0052] 11. Spout Delivery for Draining to Plants as Fertilizer: The spout delivery system in the portable toilet efficiently transfers processed liquid waste fromthe bottom wastewater tank to plants as a valuable fertilizer. Located at the base of the liquid waste compartment, the spout features a valve control that allows users to easily direct the flow of nutrient-rich liquid to garden beds or designated fertilizer containers.

[0053] 12. Cover of the Drain Point: The cover for the drain point on the toilet is designed to securely seal the outlet when not in use, preventing spills and maintaining hygiene. Made from durable, water-resistant material, it ensures easy access for fertilizer drainage while protecting the system from contaminants.

[0054] 13. Fill Points for Fresh Water: The fill points for freshwater are strategically located on the upper box of the toilet, designed for easy and convenient access. Users can quickly refill the 7.5 litre tank through a wide opening, allowing for minimal spillage and hassle. The fill point is equipped with a secure cap to prevent contamination and ensure the freshness of the water stored inside.

[0055] 14. LED Light, Motion-Based and Night-Sensing: The LED light in the toilet is designed for both motion activation and night sensing, providing illumination when needed. This energy-efficient light automatically turns on when it detects motion in low-light conditions, ensuring safe and easy navigation to the toilet at night or in dark environments. The soft glow of the LED reduces harsh lighting, enhancing user comfort. Its compact, water-resistant design allows for integration into the toilet’s structure without compromising durability. Powered by three AAA batteries, the light contributes to the toilet’s sustainability while remaining user-friendly and functional.

[0056] 15. Carbon Filter: The carbon filter in the portable toilet is integrated into the battery- driven ventilation system to effectively neutralize odours emanating from the upper compartment. Made from high-quality activated carbon, these filters trap and absorb odour-causing compounds, ensuring a fresh and pleasant environment during use. Strategically positioned for optimal airflow, the filters provide maximum filtration efficiency.16. Aerobic Bacteria Bed for Consuming Waste: The organic material in the upper compartment facilitates the consumption of human waste by aerobic bacteria, converting it into liquid and gas, while gases are expelled through the vent. The treated liquid is collected in the bottom compartment. This liquid fertilizer is safe and beneficial for various plantation applications.

[0057] Referring first in comprehensive detail to the overall cross-sectional schematic assembly shown in Figure 1, the portable toilet is constructed as a single sealed two-compartment enclosure fabricated throughout from durable, water-resistant materials that ensure structural integrity, lightweight portability, and compatibility with knock-down transport alongside tent packs or use in remote locations. The cover of the toilet (1) is provided with a holder for picking the cover and minimal contact area (2) to allow hygienic lifting with reduced direct hand contact. The lid cover (3) seals the bowl when closed and is mechanically linked to the lever for operating shutter of bowl and activation exhaust vent (6). The upper compartment, which forms the primary waste reception and initial treatment zone and is further detailed in the exploded perspective of Figure 2, receives both urine and solid waste directly into the bowl area.

[0058] As clearly visible in both Figure 1 and Figure 2, waste immediately contacts the specialized organic waste decomposition layer positioned beneath the seating surface. This layer comprises a bed containing aerobic bacteria, enzymes, or equivalent organisms specifically selected for their capacity to metabolize human solid waste upon contact. The biological decomposition process commences instantaneously: the aerobic microorganisms break down the solid feces, progressively converting the organic matter into liquid components while generating gases as a natural by-product of the metabolic activity. These gases are directed outward through the ventilation pathway integrated into the upper compartment structure (as shown across Figure 1 and Figure 2), preventing any internal pressure accumulation or lingering odour.

[0059] Concurrently, the liquids — comprising both the decomposed solid residues and the incoming urine now enriched as organic fertilizer — percolatedownward through the permeable interface at the base of the upper compartment and flow directly into the bottom wastewater grey storage as capacity 10 ltrs approx. (5) for storage, as illustrated in the interface shown in Figure 1 and the isolated lower compartment view in Figure 3. This gravity-driven separation eliminates any requirement for manual stirring, external bulking agents, or additional processing steps, enabling immediate treatment and collection in a single portable device.

[0060] The upper compartment additionally incorporates the upper box for storage fresh water 5 ltrs approx. (4) reserved exclusively for interior cleaning after each use, as depicted in both the overall assembly of Figure 1 and the exploded upper compartment details of Figure 2. This upper box (4) connects to the manual pump for flush the water (10) constructed from durable, water-resistant materials and engineered for straightforward maintenance and resistance to wear. The manual pump (10) directs a controlled stream of water toward the bowl surfaces, rinsing away any residual material without the introduction of any chemical agents. Operation of the manual pump (10) is manual or mechanical, preserving the invention’s core principle of minimal or zero external energy dependence beyond the limited battery use for ventilation and lighting. This cleaning arrangement forms a closed-loop hygiene feature that maintains cleanliness between uses while aligning with the overall sustainability goals. The fill points for fresh water (13) are strategically positioned on the exterior of the upper box (4) and the enclosure for easy and convenient access, each featuring a wide opening and secure cap to allow rapid refilling with minimal spillage and to prevent contamination during extended outdoor or travel use (as illustrated in Figure 4 and Figure 1).

[0061] A central functional linkage in the upper compartment, as clearly visible in the exploded view of Figure 2 and the overall cross-section of Figure 1, is the shutter and exhaust mechanism operated by the lever for operating shutter of bowl and activation exhaust vent (6). The lid cover (3) is mechanically coupled through this lever system to a retractable shutter that fully covers the waste entry opening when the lid is closed. Upon opening the lid cover (3) using the holder (2), the shutter retracts automatically and simultaneously triggers activation of the battery-driven exhaust fan. This fan draws the decompositiongases and any residual odors from the upper compartment and expels them externally through the ventilation duct. The activation occurs solely in response to lid movement, ensuring that battery power is consumed only during actual use rather than continuously. Integrated directly into this ventilation path is a carbon filter made from high-quality activated carbon. The filter is strategically positioned to maximize airflow contact, trapping and neutralizing odour-causing compounds generated during the biological process and thereby maintaining a fresh internal environment throughout operation, as shown in the ventilation pathway of Figure 1 and Figure 2.

[0062] At the interface between the upper and lower compartments, a non-return valve is installed to prevent any upward backflow of liquids or gases, as illustrated in both the overall assembly of Figure 1 and the isolated lower compartment view of Figure 3. This valve ensures complete hygiene and user comfort even if the unit is tilted during transport or repositioned in uneven terrain. The bottom wastewater grey storage as capacity 10 ltrs approx. (5), shown in isolation in Figure 3 and in cross-section in Figure 1, serves purely as a storage reservoir for the treated liquid fertilizer that has seeped downward from the biological decomposition layer above. The accumulated liquid is nutrient-rich and safe for immediate horticultural application without further treatment.

[0063] At the base of this lower compartment is the spout delivery for drain to plant as fertilizer (11) equipped with an integrated valve control and sealed by the cover of drain point (12). The spout delivery (11) allows the user to open the valve and direct the flow of fertilizer precisely to garden beds, designated collection containers, or plants as required. The cover of drain point (12), fabricated from water-resistant material, seals the drain point when the spout is not in use, preventing accidental spills, evaporation loss, or ingress of external contaminants, as clearly detailed in Figure 3 and the base of Figure 1. This direct drainage capability completes the resource-recovery cycle, converting what would otherwise be waste into a beneficial by-product ready for plantation use.User comfort during nighttime or low-light conditions is addressed by the integrated LED light motion based and night sensing (14) shown in Figure 4 and integrated into the overall assembly of Figure 1. The LED unit is compact and fully water-resistant, mounted internally to provide soft, even illumination across the toilet interior. It operates on three AAA batteries and is controlled by the generic brand motion sensor, easy to clean and water resistant (7) which incorporates both motion-activation and night-sensing capability. Whenever any motion is detected in low-light environments or night-time conditions prevail, the LED light (14) automatically turns on, offering safe and convenient navigation without harsh glare. The soft glow enhances usability while the battery-powered design keeps energy consumption minimal and consistent with the off-grid philosophy.

[0064] The complete operational sequence proceeds as follows with reference to all four figures. The user lifts the cover of the toilet (1) using the holder for picking the cover and minimal contact area (2), which causes the lid cover (3) to open and the lever (6) to retract the shutter and activate the exhaust fan with carbon filter, immediately venting any pre-existing odors through the pathway shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. Waste is deposited into the bowl and contacts the aerobic bacteria / enzyme bed in the upper compartment (Figure 2 and Figure 1). Solid waste begins decomposing biologically, releasing gases that are continuously vented through the activated fan while liquids percolate downward into the bottom wastewater grey storage (5) (Figure 1 and Figure 3). After use, the manual pump (10) is operated to rinse the bowl interior using water from the upper box for storage fresh water 5 ltrs approx. (4) (Figure 2 and Figure 1).

[0065] When fertilizer is needed, the valve of the spout delivery (11) is opened (Figure 3 and Figure 1) and the treated liquid is drained directly to plants or containers, after which the cover of drain point (12) is replaced (Figure 3). The generic brand motion sensor (7) activates the LED light (14) as required during the entire process (Figure 4 and Figure 1). The entire cycle requires no external electricity beyond the brief battery use for the fan and light, and no chemical additives whatsoever. The sheet cover lock (8) secures componentsduring transport or repositioning, and the complete unit is transported and protected in the reusable and washable plush packaging (9).

[0066] Embodiment 1 - Travel and Outdoor Recreation with Knock-Down Tent Pack In one embodiment optimized for extended travel and outdoor recreation, the portable toilet is transported in knock-down form inside the reusable and washable plush packaging (9) alongside tent packs. As shown across Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4, the reinforced carrying handles on the enclosure and the compact two-compartment design allow easy packing. During use in a campsite, the user lifts the cover (1) via the holder (2), opens the lid cover (3), and operates the lever (6) to activate the shutter and fan (Figure 1 and Figure 2). Waste is treated biologically in the upper bed (Figure 2), liquids collect as fertilizer in the bottom storage (5) (Figure 3), the manual pump (10) cleans the bowl with the stored five litres of water from the upper box (4) (Figure 2), and the spout delivery (11) drains fertilizer directly to nearby plants after opening the cover of drain point (12) (Figure 3). The motion sensor (7) and LED light (14) support safe night-time use (Figure 4), all without any external power or chemicals, providing complete off-grid functionality during multi-day trips.

[0067] Embodiment 2 - Patient Care Applications In another embodiment intended for patient care, enhanced sealing around the non-return valve and cover of drain point (12) (Figure 1 and Figure 3) provides greater stability during occasional movement by caregivers. The holder (2) allows hygienic handling of the cover (1). The motion sensor (7) and LED light (14) ensure safe night-time use in low-light indoor or semi-indoor settings (Figure 4), the automatic lid-triggered odour control via the lever (6) (Figure 1 and Figure 2) maintains hygiene and comfort for the patient, and the chemical-free biological treatment with manual pump (10) rinsing (Figure 2) together with direct fertilizer drainage through the spout delivery (11) (Figure 3) allows caregivers to handle the unit without chemical exposure while converting waste into usable fertilizer for garden beds near the care facility.

[0068] Embodiment 3 - Remote or Off-Grid Locations In a third embodiment for remote or off-grid locations, the lightweight construction and fill points forfresh water (13) (Figure 4 and Figure 1) enable long-term deployment without resupply infrastructure. The upper box (4) supplies the manual pump (10), the biological layer treats waste (Figure 2), the bottom storage (5) retains fertilizer (Figure 3), carbon-filtered ventilation is activated via the lever (6) (Figure 1), and the non-return valve (Figure 1 and Figure 3) operates seamlessly in harsh environments, allowing users to treat waste on-site and drain nutrient-rich fertilizer to local plantations via the spout delivery (11) while the motion sensor (7) and LED light (14) support use in darkness (Figure 4).

[0069] Efficacy and Performance Characteristics - The system as shown in all four figures achieves effective waste treatment and fertilizer conversion through the precise structural and functional integration described. The aerobic decomposition layer in the upper compartment (Figure 2 and Figure 1) immediately processes solid waste, the downward seepage and storage in the bottom wastewater grey storage (5) (Figure 3 and Figure 1) separates and retains treated liquid, the lid-activated shutter and fan with carbon filter operated by the lever (6) (Figure 1 and Figure 2) controls odors only during use, the non-return valve (Figure 1 and Figure 3) maintains hygiene, the manual pump (10) provides chemical-free cleaning (Figure 2), the spout delivery (11) with cover of drain point (12) enables direct drainage (Figure 3), the motion sensor (7) and LED light (14) ensure usability (Figure 4), and the reusable and washable plush packaging (9) facilitates transport. This integrated design distinguishes the invention from prior art such as US Patent No. 4,096,592, which requires continuous electrical heating and lacks portability or direct spout drainage, and from WO 2018 / 178800 Al, which depends on thermal energy and worm maintenance without automatic lid-triggered ventilation via the lever (6) or battery-minimal operation for the LED light (14). The present system therefore provides complete, workable off-grid sanitation and resource recovery solely through the mechanisms and components numbered 1 through 14 as illustrated in Figures 1 to 4.

[0070] SN Particular Feature Description Key Benefit / Distinction from Prior Art

[0071] 1 Cover of the toilet Main top cover (1) Provides primary sealing

[0072] 2 Holder for picking the cover Hygienic grip (2) Reduces direct hand contact vs and minimal contact conventional handles

[0073]

[0074] 3 Lid cover Internal lid / seal (3) Secondary odor barrierSN Particular Feature Description Key Benefit / Distinction from Prior Art

[0075] 4 Upper box for storage fresh 5 L fresh water tank (4) Enables chemical-free rinsing water 5 ltrs approx. unlike dry- only designs

[0076] 5 Bottom wastewater grey Fertilizer collection tank Integrated storage + spout vs storage «10 ltrs (5) separate removable bottles 6 Lever for operating shutter Single-lever shutter + fan Automatic use-triggered

[0077] and exhaust vent activation (6) ventilation

[0078] 7 Generic brand motion Water-resistant Automatic, low-maintenance sensor, easy clean motion / night sensor (7) lighting trigger

[0079] 8 Sheet cover lock Component securing lock Enhances transport stability (8)

[0080] 9 Reusable and washable Protective carry / storage Field- friendly transport 8s storage plush packaging bag (9)

[0081] 10 Manual pump for flush the Pump for bowl rinsing No chemical reliance; uses stored water (10) water

[0082] 11 Spout delivery for drain to Controlled spout valve Direct nutrient reuse unlike plant as fertilizer (11) external diversion only

[0083] 12 Cover of drain point Spout sealing cover (12) Prevents spills 8s contamination 13 Fill points for fresh water Refill ports (13) Supports long-duration off-grid use

[0084] 14 LED light motion based and Battery-powered autoEnhances safety 8s usability in

[0085]

[0086] night sensing LED (14) darkness

[0087] 1. User-Friendly Features:

[0088] o Motion-Activated Lighting: A motion sensor activates a light for nighttime convenience, allowing users to locate and use the toilet comfortably in the dark.

[0089] o Compact, Lightweight, and Durable Design: The toilet is lightweight and durable, making it easy to transport in any vehicle and use in various settings.

[0090] Features and Advantages

[0091] • Eco-Friendly Waste Treatment: Decomposes solid waste and converts liquid waste into fertilizer.

[0092] • Electricity-Free Operation: Functions without external power, making it suitable for off-grid settings.

[0093] • Portable and Lightweight: Easy to carry, suitable for travel, camping, or patient care.

[0094] • Odour Control: Integrated battery-driven exhaust and shutter mechanism ensure a comfortable, odor-free experience.• User Comfort and Convenience: Motion-activated lighting and a compact design enhance usability.

[0095] • High Storage Capacity: Capable of storing approximately 14 liters of treated liquid fertilizer, sufficient for family use.

[0096] Applications of the Invention

[0097] • Travel and Outdoor Recreation: Ideal for camping, road trips, picnics, and other outdoor activities.

[0098] • Patient Care: Suitable for homes, hospitals, and care facilities, especially for individuals with limited mobility.

[0099] • Remote and Off-Grid Locations: Useful in rural areas, construction sites, or in emergency situations lacking sanitation facilities.

[0100] • Sustainable Agriculture: Treated urine serves as a nutrient-rich liquid fertilizer for gardening and agricultural purposes.

[0101] • Emergency and Disaster Relief: Effective in areas without sanitation infrastructure.

[0102] The portable toilet offers an innovative, eco-friendly approach to sanitation by integrating biological waste decomposition with fertilizer conversion. This lightweight, off-grid system ensures hygiene, user comfort, and sustainability, making it ideal for applications ranging from travel and outdoor recreation to patient care and agriculture. This invention effectively addresses pressing sanitation challenges in an environmentally sustainable manner.

Claims

We Claim1. An off-grid portable sanitation system and sustainable portable toilet with integrated waste treatment and fertilizer conversion, comprising: a housing defining an upper waste processing chamber and a lower liquid collection chamber;a toilet cover (1) fitted with a holder for picking the cover and a minimal contact area (2);a lid cover (3) and an upper fresh-water storage box (4) of approximately 5 litres connected to a manual pump (10) configured to dispense water for flushing;a biological treatment medium disposed within the upper chamber configured to decompose solid waste without chemical additives;a gravity-based transfer interface allowing liquid to pass from the upper chamber to the lower liquid collection chamber;a lower greywater / liquid fertilizer storage box (5) of approximately 10 litres for collecting treated liquid;a ventilation system comprising a fan and an odour filtration element;a mechanical linkage and lever (6) between the lid and the ventilation system, such that opening the lid and / or operating the lever activates the ventilation system and opens a shutter of the bowl;a liquid discharge outlet with a controllable valve configured to release collected liquid from the lower chamber through a spout delivery (11) with a covered drain point (12) for application as fertilizer to plants;a manual water dispensing mechanism including a plurality of fill points for fresh water (13) and the manual pump (10);a motion sensor (7), easy to clean and water resistant, configured to control a motion-based and night-sensing LED light (14);a sheet cover lock (8) and reusable, washable plush packaging (9); wherein the system operates without continuous external power, relying on manual actuation and optional intermittent power for the fanand LED light, and processes waste without chemical additives while enabling conversion of liquid effluent into usable fertilizer.

2. The portable toilet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lever for operating shutter of bowl and activation exhaust vent (6) simultaneously opens the bowl shutter and activates the exhaust vent fan during use.

3. The portable toilet as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the manual pump for flush the water (10) connected to the upper box for storage fresh water 5 ltrs approx. (4) for chemical-free bowl rinsing.

4. The portable toilet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom wastewater grey storage as capacity 10 ltrs approx. (5) includes the spout delivery for drain to plant as fertilizer (11) with valve and the cover of drain point (12) for controlled discharge of treated liquid fertilizer directly to plants.

5. The portable toilet as claimed in claim 1, further including the generic brand motion sensor, easy to clean and water resistant (7) that automatically activates the LED light motion based and night sensing (14) in low-light or motion conditions.

6. The portable toilet as claimed in claim 1, comprising fill points for fresh water (13) for replenishing the upper box for storage fresh water 5 ltrs approx. (4).

7. The portable toilet as claimed in claim 1, further including the sheet cover lock (8) for securing internal components during transport or use.

8. The portable toilet as claimed in claim 1, packaged in reusable and washable plush packaging (9) for protection and portability.

9. A method of operating the portable toilet as claimed in claim 1 comprising the steps of:lifting the cover of the toilet (1) using the holder (2);operating the lever (6) to open the shutter and activate exhaust vent; depositing waste for biological treatment and liquid collection in the bottom storage (5);rinsing the bowl using the manual pump (10);illuminating the interior via the motion sensor (7) and LED light (14); anddraining treated fertilizer to plants via the spout delivery (11) after opening the drain point cover (12).

10. The portable toilet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biological treatment in the upper compartment and gravity separation to the bottom wastewater grey storage (5) enable direct application of fertilizer via the spout delivery (11) without external processing, chemicals, or power beyond battery use for the vent fan and LED light (14).

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