Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure is characterized by comprising: a reception unit that receives a first setting for measurement of a measurement target and a second setting for prediction based on a measurement result of the measurement target in at least one of a time domain, a frequency domain, and a spatial domain; and a control unit that determines which of the first setting and the second setting to use, on the basis of whether or not a specific condition is satisfied. This aspect of the present disclosure makes it possible to achieve suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

[0002] In Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized for the purposes of achieving higher data rates, lower latency, and the like (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized for the purposes of achieving further increased capacity and higher sophistication beyond LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] Successor systems to LTE (also referred to as, for example, 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 and later versions) are also under study.

[0004] 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010

[0005] In future wireless communication systems (for example, Rel. 20 and later versions), utilization of artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence (AI)) technologies such as machine learning (Machine Learning (ML)) for control and management of networks / devices is under study.

[0006] Furthermore, while the use of AI / ML models to predict and measure mobility-related events is being considered, there are cases where this has not been adequately considered. If this consideration is insufficient, optimal overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization may not be possible, potentially hindering improvements in communication throughput and communication quality.

[0007] Therefore, one of the objectives of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can achieve suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization.

[0008] A terminal according to one aspect of the present disclosure is characterized by having a receiving unit that receives a first setting for measuring a target to be measured and a second setting for predicting based on the measurement results of the target to be measured in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain, and a control unit that determines whether to use the first setting or the second setting based on whether specific conditions are met.

[0009] According to one aspect of this disclosure, suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization can be achieved.

[0010] Figure 1 shows an example of measurement settings. Figure 2 shows an example of NR measurement settings. Figures 3A-3C show an example of linking information elements based on NR measurement settings. Figure 4A shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 17. Figure 4B shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 18. Figure 5 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A1. Figure 6 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A2. Figure 7 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A3. Figure 8 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A4. Figure 9 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A5. Figure 10 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A6. Figure 11 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event B1. Figure 12 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event B2. Figure 13 shows an example of event prediction related to approach 1. Figure 14 shows an example of event prediction related to approach 2. Figure 15 shows an example of time domain prediction / frequency domain prediction. Figure 16 shows example 1 of the first embodiment. Figure 17 shows example 2 of the first embodiment. Figure 18 shows Example 3 of the first embodiment. Figure 19 shows Example 4 of the first embodiment. Figure 20 shows an example of the schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. Figure 21 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. Figure 22 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. Figure 23 shows an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. Figure 24 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment.

[0011] (Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Technology to Wireless Communication) Regarding future wireless communication technologies, the use of AI technologies such as Machine Learning (ML) for network / device control and management is being considered.

[0012] For example, terminals (user terminals, User Equipment (UE)) and base stations (BS) are being considered to utilize AI technology to improve Channel State Information (CSI) feedback (e.g., overhead reduction, improved accuracy, prediction), beam management (e.g., improved accuracy, prediction in the spatiotemporal domain), and position measurement (e.g., improved position estimation / prediction).

[0013] The AI ​​model may output at least one piece of information, such as an estimated value, a predicted value, a selected action, or a classification, based on the input information. The UE / BS may input channel status information, reference signal measurements, etc., to the AI ​​model and output highly accurate channel status information / measurements / beam selection / position, future channel status information / wireless link quality, etc.

[0014] In this disclosure, AI may be interpreted as an object (also called a subject, object, data, function, program, etc.) having at least one of the following characteristics: - Estimation based on observed or collected information. - Selection based on observed or collected information. - Prediction based on observed or collected information.

[0015] In this disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be interpreted interchangeably. Furthermore, in this disclosure, estimate, predict, and infer may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0016] In this disclosure, an object may be, for example, a device or apparatus such as a UE or BS. Furthermore, in this disclosure, an object may refer to a program / model / entity operating on such apparatus.

[0017] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the AI ​​model may be reinterpreted as an object having (performing) at least one of the following features: - Generates estimates by feeding information. - Predicts estimates by feeding information. - Discovers features by feeding information. - Selects actions by feeding information.

[0018] In this disclosure, terms such as generation, calculation, and derivation may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as implementation, operation, function, and execution may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as training, learning, updating, and retraining may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as inference, after-training, production use, and actual use may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, "signal" may be interpreted interchangeably with "signal / channel".

[0019] (CSI Reporting) In NR, the UE measures the channel state using a predetermined reference signal (or resource for said reference signal) and feeds back (reports) Channel State Information (CSI) to the base station.

[0020] The UE may measure the channel state using a Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), a Synchronization Signal / Physical Broadcast Channel (SS / PBCH) block, a Synchronization Signal (SS), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS), or the like.

[0021] A CSI-RS resource may include at least one of Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS and CSI-Interference Management (IM). An SS / PBCH block is a block containing synchronization signals (e.g., Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS)) and PBCH (and corresponding DMRS), and may be called an SS block (SSB), etc. An SSB index may be given to the time position of the SSB within a half frame.

[0022] Furthermore, CSI may include at least one of the following: Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), CSI-RS Resource Indicator (CRI), SS / PBCH Block Indicator (SSBRI), Layer Indicator (LI), Rank Indicator (RI), Layer 1 (L1) - Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), L1 - Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), L1 - Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), L1 - Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).

[0023] A CSI may have multiple parts. The first part of the CSI (CSI Part 1) may contain relatively few bits of information (e.g., RI). The second part of the CSI (CSI Part 2) may contain relatively many bits of information (e.g., CQI), such as information determined based on CSI Part 1.

[0024] Methods for providing feedback on CSIs that are being considered include (1) periodic CSI (P-CSI) reporting, (2) aperiodic CSI (A(AP)-CSI) reporting, and (3) semi-permanent CSI (SP-CSI) reporting.

[0025] The UE may notify CSI reporting information (which may also be called CSI reporting configuration information) using upper-layer signaling, physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI)), or a combination thereof. CSI reporting configuration information may be configured, for example, using the RRC information element "CSI-ReportConfig".

[0026] CSI reporting configuration information may include, for example, information regarding the reporting cycle, offset, etc., which may be expressed in predetermined time units (slot units, subframe units, symbol units, etc.). CSI reporting configuration information may also include a configuration ID (CSI-ReportConfigId). This configuration ID may specify parameters such as the type of CSI reporting method (whether or not it is SP-CSI) and the reporting cycle. CSI reporting configuration information may also include information (CSI-ResourceConfigId) indicating which signal (or resource for which signal) was used to measure the CSI and report it.

[0027] (Measurement and Reporting in NR) In NR, the Network (NW) configures the User Environment (UE) for measurement and reporting. For example, the NW may configure the UE for measurement and reporting through upper-layer signaling, including at least one of the following: • Measurement object (e.g., measObject). • Reporting configuration (e.g., reportConfig). • Measurement identifier (e.g., measId). • Measured quantity (e.g., quantityConfig). • Measurement gap (e.g., measGapConfig).

[0028] A measurement object indicates, for example, what the UE is measuring. A measurement object may include, for example, the type of measurement (in-frequency, inter-frequency, inter-RAT), and details of the measurement object (e.g., frequency / time position, cell-specific offset, list of blacklisted cells, list of whitelisted cells, etc.).

[0029] Reporting settings indicate, for example, how the UE reports the measurements. Reporting settings may include, for example, trigger criteria, the RS type used for the measurement, and the reporting format.

[0030] A measurement identifier (ID) links, for example, a measurement object to a reporting setting. Multiple measurement identifiers (IDs) may be linked to a single reporting setting.

[0031] In this disclosure, the terms "linked," "associated," "corresponding," and "included" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0032] The measurement quantity indicates, for example, the filtering applied to the measurement. The measurement gap indicates, for example, the period available for the UE to perform several measurements (between frequencies or within frequencies with different BWPs).

[0033] Figure 1 shows an example of a measurement configuration. In Figure 1, the RRC information element MeasConfig is shown as an example of a measurement configuration. MeasConfig may be configured, for example, in upper-layer signaling. The following information elements may be associated with MeasConfig: ・Measurement object: MeasConfig may include measObjectToAddModList. measObjectToAddModList lists measObjectToAddMod, which associates a measurement object ID (e.g., measObjectId) with a measurement object (e.g., measObject). The measurement object ID is, for example, an ID for managing / identifying a measurement object. ・Report configuration: MeasConfig may also include reportConfigToAddModList. reportConfigToAddModList lists ReportConfigToAddMod, which associates a report configuration ID (e.g., reportConfigId) with a report configuration (e.g., reportConfig). The report configuration ID is, for example, an ID for managing / identifying a report configuration. • Measurement Identifier: MeasConfig may include measIdToAddModList. MeasIdToAddModList lists MeasIdToAddMods that associate a measurement identifier (e.g., measId), a measurement object ID (e.g., measObjectId), and a report configuration ID (e.g., reportConfigId). The measurement identifier (e.g., measId) is used, for example, to identify the configuration of a measurement (i.e., the link between the measurement object and the report configuration). The measurement identifier may be managed as a set with the measurement object ID and the report configuration ID. • Measured Quantity: MeasConfig may include quantityConfig. quantityConfig specifies, for example, the measured quantity of the measurement between NR and RAT, and the filtering coefficient. • Measurement Gap: MeasConfig may include measGapConfig. measGapConfig indicates, for example, the setting of the measurement gap.

[0034] Figure 2 shows an example of an NR measurement configuration. As shown in Figure 2, a measurement identifier (e.g., measId) links, for example, a measurement object ID (e.g., measObjectId) to a report configuration ID (e.g., reportConfigId), thereby linking a measurement object (e.g., measObject) to a report configuration (e.g., reportConfig).

[0035] The reportConfig may include, or may include links to, the report type, report quantity, report criteria, and report amount / report interval.

[0036] A measurement object (measObject) may include, for example, a target cell frequency, a target reference signal (Target RS), a time / frequency location, a measurement quantity, a measurement gap, a blacklist / whitelist of cells, or links to these.

[0037] For example, as shown above, related information elements can be linked by the measurement settings. Figures 3A and 3C show an example of linking information elements by the measurement settings of NR. In Figure 3A, the measurement identifiers: Meas. ID 1 and Meas. ID 2, the measurement object: Meas. Object 1, and the reporting settings: Report Config 1 and Report Config 2 are linked.

[0038] Furthermore, in Figure 3B, the measurement identifier: Meas. ID 3, the measurement object: Meas. Object 2, and the reporting settings: Report Config 3 are linked. In addition, the measurement object: Meas. Object 2 is linked to, for example, the measurement gap ID (Meas. Gap ID) and the quantity config index (Quantity Config Index).

[0039] Furthermore, in Figure 3C, Report Config 1 is linked to Meas. ID 1, and Report Config 2 is linked to Meas. ID 2 and Meas. ID 3. Meas. ID 1 and Meas. ID 2 are linked to Meas. Object 1, and Meas. ID 3 is linked to Meas. Object 2. In addition, Meas. Object 1 and Meas. Object 2 are linked to the Meas. Gap ID and the Quantity Config Index, respectively.

[0040] The correspondence between the measurement identifier, measurement object ID, and report setting ID may be one-to-one, as shown in Figure 3B, or it may include one-to-many relationships, as shown in Figures 3A and 3C.

[0041] For example, as shown in Figure 3A, multiple measurement identifiers may be associated with a single measurement object. Also, for example, multiple reporting settings may be associated with a single measurement object.

[0042] In another example, multiple measurement objects may be associated with a single measurement identifier. Alternatively, multiple measurement objects may be associated with a single reporting configuration ID.

[0043] As described above, measurement settings can be configured for the UE to perform measurements and reporting. The UE may then perform measurements and reporting by referring to these measurement settings.

[0044] (Inter-L1 / L2 cell mobility) It is under consideration that a UE performs UL transmission to one or more cells / TRPs. As the procedure in this case, the following Scenario 1 or Scenario 2 is conceivable. Note that in the present disclosure, a serving cell may be reinterpreted as a TRP in the serving cell. layer1 / layer2 (L1 / L2) and DCI / Medium Access Control Control Element (MAC CE) may be reinterpreted as each other. In the present disclosure, a PCI different from the physical cell identity (PCI) of the current serving cell may be simply referred to as a "different PCI". A non-serving cell, a cell having a different PCI, and an additional cell may be reinterpreted as each other.

[0045] <Scenario 1> Scenario 1 corresponds to, for example, inter-cell mobility for multi-TRP, but may also be a scenario that does not correspond to inter-cell mobility for multi-TRP.

[0046] (1) The UE receives, from the serving cell, a configuration of SSB for beam measurement of a TRP corresponding to a PCI different from that of the serving cell, and a configuration necessary for using radio resources for data transmission and reception that includes resources of the different PCI. (2) The UE performs beam measurement for a TRP corresponding to the different PCI, and reports the beam measurement result to the serving cell. (3) Based on the above report, a Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI) state associated with the TRP corresponding to the different PCI is activated by L1 / L2 signaling from the serving cell. (4) The UE performs transmission and reception using a dedicated channel on the TRP corresponding to the different PCI. (5) The UE always needs to be covered by the serving cell, including in the case of multi-TRP. The UE needs to use common channels (Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), Paging Channel (PCH)) from the serving cell in the same manner as in conventional systems.

[0047] In Scenario 1, when a UE transmits and receives signals to / from an additional cell / TRP (a TRP corresponding to the PCI of the additional cell), the assumption of the serving cell at the UE does not change. The UE is configured with higher layer parameters related to the PCI of the non-serving cell from the serving cell. Scenario 1 may be applied in, for example, Rel. 17.

[0048] FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating an example of UE movement in Rel. 17. Assume that the UE moves from a cell with PCI #1 (serving cell) to a cell with PCI #3 (additional cell) that overlaps the serving cell. In this case, in Rel. 17, switching of the serving cell by L1 / L2 is not supported.

[0049] An additional cell is a cell having an additional PCI that is different from the PCI of the serving cell. The UE can receive / transmit a UE-dedicated channel from / to the additional cell. The UE needs to be within the coverage of the serving cell in order to receive a UE common channel (e.g., system information / paging / short messages). When the UE moves outside the coverage of the serving cell, cell switching is required through handover (also referred to as L3 mobility) or the like.

[0050] <Scenario 2> In Scenario 2, L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility is applied. In L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility, serving cell change is possible using functions such as beam control without RRC reconfiguration. In other words, transmission and reception with the additional cell is possible without handover. Since handover causes a period during which data communication is disabled, for example, because RRC reconnection is required for handover, applying L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility which does not require handover allows data communication to continue even when the serving cell is changed. Scenario 2 may be applied in, for example, Rel. 18. In Scenario 2, for example, the following procedure is performed.

[0051] (1) The UE receives the SSB configuration of a cell with a different PCI (additional cell) from the serving cell for beam measurement / serving cell change. (2) The UE performs beam measurement on the cell using the different PCI and reports the measurement results to the serving cell. (3) The UE may receive the configuration of the cell with the different PCI (serving cell configuration) by upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC). In other words, a pre-configuration regarding the serving cell change may be performed. This configuration may be performed together with the configuration in (1) or separately. (4) Based on the above report, the TCI state of the cell with the different PCI may be activated by L1 / L2 signaling in accordance with the serving cell change. The activation of the TCI state and the serving cell change may be performed separately. (5) The UE changes the serving cell (assumed serving cell) and starts receiving / transmitting using the pre-configured UE-specific channel and TCI state.

[0052] In other words, in Scenario 2, the serving cell (the assumed serving cell in the UE) is updated by L1 / L2 signaling. Scenario 2 may also be applied in Rel. 18.

[0053] Figure 4B shows an example of UE movement in Rel. 18. In Rel. 18, serving cells are switched via L1 / L2 (e.g., DCI / MAC CE). UEs can receive / transmit UE-dedicated / common channels to and from the new serving cell (or target serving cell). UEs may move out of coverage of the current serving cell (e.g., Current serving cell).

[0054] (Beam reporting type) <Intra-cell beam reporting in Rel. 15 / 16> Intra-cell beam reporting is supported in Rel. 15 / 16. For example, L1-RSRP / SINR reporting can be configured by upper-layer signaling (RRC).

[0055] For example, in the calculation of L1-RSRP, the UE may configure either or both a CSI-RS resource and / or an SS / PBCH block resource if the resource is associated with QCL type C / type D.

[0056] Furthermore, the UE may configure up to 16 CSI-RS resource sets, each containing up to 64 resources. In all resource sets, the total number of different CSI-RS resources is 128 or less.

[0057] In L1-RSRP reporting, if the upper layer parameter nrofReportedRS (for example, in CSI-ReportConfig) is set to 1, the reported L1-RSRP value is defined as a 7-bit value in the range of [-140 to -44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB.

[0058] Here, the maximum measurement of L1-RSRP is quantized to a 7-bit value in the range of [-140 to -44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB. The difference value of L1-RSRP is quantized to a 4-bit value.

[0059] The difference value is calculated with a step size of 2 dB, referencing the largest measurement that is part of the same L1-RSRP reporting instance.

[0060] For example, in L1-SINR calculation and channel measurement, the UE may configure either the NZP CSI-RS resource and / or the SS / PBCH block resource. Furthermore, for interference measurement, the UE may configure either the NZP CSI-RS resource or the CSI-IM resource.

[0061] For channel measurement, the UE can configure CSI resource settings for up to 64 CSI resources or up to 16 CSI-RS resource sets having SS / PBCH block resources.

[0062] In L1-SINR reporting, if the upper layer parameter nrofReportedRS is set to 1, the reported L1-SINR value is defined as a 7-bit value in the range of [-23 to 40] dBm with a step size of 0.5 dB.

[0063] If the upper layer parameter nrofReportedRS is set to a value greater than 1, or if the upper layer parameter groupBasedBeamReporting is set to "enabled", the UE will use the difference-based L1-SINR value for reporting.

[0064] The difference value is calculated with a step size of 1 dB, referencing the largest measurement that is part of the same L1-SINR reporting instance.

[0065] In this disclosure, the intra-cell beam report of Rel. 15 / 16 (which may also be simply called the intra-cell beam report) may be called a type 1 beam report (beam report type 1), or a beam report for intra-cell beam switching.

[0066] <Inter-cell beam report for Rel. 17> As mentioned above, L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility is supported in Rel. 17. For example, a UE can send and receive UL / DL channels / signals to and from a PCI of a different cell than the PCI of the serving cell. For example, if a non-serving cell has a larger RSRP than the serving cell, the UE can send and receive UL / DL channels / signals to and from the non-serving cell without performing a handover.

[0067] In the L1-RSRP report, the absolute value / difference value of L1-RSRP may be used, as in Rel. 15 / 16. In the inter-cell beam report of Rel. 17 (Type 2-1 beam report described later), each L1-RSRP value is associated with a PCI ID (for the serving cell / additional cell / candidate cell). The association between the L1-RSRP value and the PCI ID may be set / instructed by upper-layer signaling / physical-layer signaling.

[0068] The configuration using upper-layer signaling supports up to seven additional cells. Note that ID=0 indicates the PCI of the serving cell.

[0069] In this disclosure, inter-cell beam reporting (in Rel. 17 / 18) may be referred to as Type 2 beam reporting (Beam reporting type 2). Type 2 beam reporting can be further classified into types 2-1 and 2-2, as described below.

[0070] In this disclosure, the beam report of Rel. 17 may be referred to as a type 2-1 beam report, or a beam report for inter-cell beam switching.

[0071] <Inter-cell beam reporting for Rel. 18> Furthermore, beam reporting for Rel. 18 is only supported as SSB-based L1-RSRP reporting (beam reporting). Here, the number of candidate cells L is one of 1 to 4, and the number of beams M per cell may be one of 1 to 4. For example, in beam reporting, a 7-bit absolute value (the largest L1-RSRP value among all cells) is reported for one cell, and all remaining L1-RSRP values ​​are reported as difference values.

[0072] Regarding beam selection in SSB-based L1-RSRP reporting, the maximum value of M*L and the combination of M and L that can be set in RRC may vary depending on the UE capabilities.

[0073] In the L1-RSRP report, the absolute value / difference value of L1-RSRP may be used, as in Rel. 15 / 16 / 17.

[0074] In L1-RSRP reporting, the reported L1-RSRP value is defined as a 7-bit value in the range of [-140 to -44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB.

[0075] Here, the maximum measurement of L1-RSRP is quantized to a 7-bit value in the range of [-140 to -44] dBm with a step size of 1 dB. The difference value of L1-RSRP is quantized to a 4-bit value.

[0076] The difference value is calculated with a step size of 2 dB, referencing the largest measurement that is part of the same L1-RSRP reporting instance.

[0077] The L1-RSRP report includes the SSBRI between the configured candidate cells. In other words, the L1-RSRP report includes the SSBRI of the configured candidate cells and the corresponding L1-RSRP. The format may be the same as the existing specification.

[0078] In this disclosure, the beam report of Rel. 18 may also be referred to as a type 2-2 beam report or a beam report for cell switching. Note that the type 2-2 beam report does not include PCI information (PCI ID). Instead, the SSBRI may include PCI information. For example, if four cells have 64 SSBs, the SSBRI will be one of {0, 1, ..., 255}.

[0079] (Event-Based Beam Reporting) In future wireless communication systems, support for event-based beam reporting is being considered. Event-based beam reporting may also be called event-triggered beam reporting, and may mean UE-initiated beam reporting.

[0080] Examples of events defined in existing 5G NR include the following. Note that events are not limited to those listed below, and other new events may be defined. ・Event A1: The serving [cell] measurement result is better than the threshold. ・Event A2: The serving [cell] measurement result is worse than the threshold. ・Event A3: The neighboring [cell] measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the SpCell measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset). ・Event A4: The neighboring [cell] measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the threshold. ・Event A5: The SpCell measurement result is worse than the first threshold, and the neighboring [cell] measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the second threshold. - Event A6: A case where the measurement result of an adjacent cell (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the measurement result of a serving cell (e.g., Secondary Cell (SCell)) (the measurement result plus an offset). - Event B1: A case where the measurement result of an adjacent cell between RATs is better than the threshold. - Event B2: A case where the measurement result of PCell is worse than the first threshold, and the measurement result of an adjacent cell between RATs (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the second threshold. - Event I1: A case where the interference measurement result is higher than the threshold.

[0081] <Existing Event Definitions / Conditions> <<Event A1>> The occurrence of Event A1, as defined in the existing specifications (up to Rel. 18), is determined based on the following input condition (Entering / Entry Condition) and leaving condition (Leaving Condition): ・Input condition: Ms - Hys > Thres ・Leaving condition: Ms + Hys < Thres

[0082] Here, Ms is the measurement result in the serving cell (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Hys is the hysteresis parameter ([dB]), and Thres is the threshold parameter (in the same units as Ms).

[0083] Figure 5 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A1. In the example shown in Figure 5, the change in the received power (RSRP [dBm]) in the serving cell is shown.

[0084] In the example shown in Figure 5, when the input conditions for event A1 are met, beam reports are made at a specific interval (e.g., reporting interval) after a specific period (e.g., timeToTrigger (TTT)) has elapsed.

[0085] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 5, when the departure conditions related to event A1 are met, a departure report is made (if set).

[0086] <<Event A2>> The occurrence of Event A2 as defined in the existing specifications is determined based on the following input and exit conditions: • Input condition: Ms + Hys < Thres • Exit condition: Ms - Hys > Thres

[0087] Here, Ms is the measurement result in the serving cell (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Hys is the hysteresis parameter ([dB]), and Thres is the threshold parameter (in the same units as Ms).

[0088] Figure 6 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A2. In the example shown in Figure 6, the change in the received power (RSRP [dBm]) in the serving cell is shown.

[0089] In the example shown in Figure 6, when the input conditions for event A2 are met, beam reports are made at a specific interval (e.g., reporting interval) after a specific period (e.g., timeToTrigger (TTT)) has elapsed.

[0090] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 6, when the departure conditions related to event A2 are met, a departure report is made (if set).

[0091] <<Event A3>> The occurrence of Event A3 as defined in the existing specifications is determined based on the following input and exit conditions: • Input condition: Mn + Offn + Ocn - Hys > Mp + Offp + Ocp + Off • Exit condition: Mn + Offn + Ocn + Hys < Mp + Offp + Ocp + Off

[0092] Here, Mn is the measurement result in the adjacent cell (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Mp is the measurement result in the special cell (SpCell, e.g., PCell / PSCell) (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Hys is the hysteresis parameter ([dB]), Ofn is the measurement object-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), Ofp is the measurement object-specific offset of the SpCell ([dB]), Ocn is the cell-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), Ocp is the cell-specific offset of the SpCell ([dB]), and Off is the offset parameter ([dB]) related to event A3 (A3 offset).

[0093] Figure 7 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A3. In the example shown in Figure 7, the changes in received power (RSRP [dBm]) in adjacent cells and SpCell are shown.

[0094] In the example shown in Figure 7, when the input conditions for event A3 are met, beam reports are made at a specific interval (e.g., reporting interval) after a specific period (e.g., timeToTrigger (TTT)) has elapsed.

[0095] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 7, when the departure conditions related to event A3 are met, a departure report is made (if set).

[0096] <<Event A4>> The occurrence of Event A4 as defined in the existing specifications is determined based on the following input and exit conditions: • Input condition: Mn + Offn + Ocn - Hys > Thres • Exit condition: Mn + Offn + Ocn + Hys < Thres

[0097] Here, Mn is the measurement result in the adjacent cell (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Hys is the hysteresis parameter ([dB]), Ofn is the measurement object-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), Ocn is the cell-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), and Thres is the threshold parameter (in the same units as Mn).

[0098] Figure 8 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A4. In the example shown in Figure 8, the change in received power (RSRP [dBm]) in the adjacent cell is shown.

[0099] In the example shown in Figure 8, when the input conditions for event A4 are met, beam reports are generated at a specific interval (e.g., reporting interval) after a specific period (e.g., timeToTrigger (TTT)) has elapsed.

[0100] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 8, when the departure conditions related to event A4 are met, a departure report is issued (if set).

[0101] <<Event A5>> The occurrence of Event A5 as defined in the existing specifications is determined based on the following input and exit conditions: • Input condition: Mp + Hys < Thres1 and Mn + Ofn + Ocn - Hys > Thres2 • Exit condition: Mp - Hys > Thres1 and Mn + Ofn + Ocn + Hys < Thres2

[0102] Here, Mn is the measurement result in the adjacent cell (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Mp is the measurement result in the special cell (SpCell, e.g., PCell / PSCell) (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Hys is the hysteresis parameter ([dB]), Ofn is the measurement object-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), Ocn is the cell-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), Thres1 is the first threshold parameter (in the same units as Mp), and Thres2 is the second threshold parameter (in the same units as Mn).

[0103] Figure 9 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A5. In the example shown in Figure 9, the change in received power (RSRP [dBm]) in adjacent cells and SCell is shown.

[0104] In the example shown in Figure 9, when the input conditions for event A5 are met, beam reports are made at a specific interval (e.g., reporting interval) after a specific period (e.g., timeToTrigger (TTT)) has elapsed.

[0105] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 9, when the departure conditions related to event A5 are met, a departure report is made (if set).

[0106] <<Event A6>> The occurrence of Event A6 as defined in the existing specifications is determined based on the following input and exit conditions: • Input condition: Mn + Ocn - Hys > Ms + Ocs + Off • Exit condition: Mn + Ocn + Hys < Ms + Ocs + Off

[0107] Here, Mn is the measurement result in the adjacent cell (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Ms is the measurement result in the serving cell (SCell) (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Hys is the hysteresis parameter ([dB]), Ocn is the cell-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), Ocs is the cell-specific offset of the serving cell (SCell) ([dB]), and Off is the offset parameter (A6 offset) related to event A6 ([dB]).

[0108] Figure 10 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event A6. In the example shown in Figure 10, the change in received power (RSRP [dBm]) in the adjacent cell is shown.

[0109] In the example shown in Figure 10, when the input conditions for event A6 are met, beam reports are made at a specific interval (e.g., reporting interval) after a specific period (e.g., timeToTrigger (TTT)) has elapsed.

[0110] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 10, when the departure conditions related to event A6 are met, a departure report is made (if set).

[0111] <<Event B1>> The occurrence of Event B1 as defined in the existing specifications is determined based on the following input and exit conditions: • Input condition: Mn + Offn + Ocn - Hys > Thres • Exit condition: Mn + Offn + Ocn + Hys < Thres

[0112] Here, Mn is the measurement result in the adjacent cell between RATs (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Hys is the hysteresis parameter ([dB]), Ofn is the measurement object-specific offset ([dB]) of the adjacent cell, Ocn is the cell-specific offset ([dB]) of the adjacent cell, and Thres is the threshold parameter (in the same units as Mn).

[0113] Figure 11 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event B1. In the example shown in Figure 11, the change in received power (RSRP [dBm]) in adjacent cells between RATs (Inter-RAT) is shown.

[0114] In the example shown in Figure 11, when the input conditions for event B1 are met, beam reports are made at a specific interval (e.g., reporting interval) after a specific period (e.g., timeToTrigger (TTT)) has elapsed.

[0115] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 11, when the departure conditions related to event B1 are met, a departure report is made (if set).

[0116] <<Event B2>> The occurrence of Event B2 as defined in the existing specifications is determined based on the following input and exit conditions: • Input condition: Mp + Hys < Thres1 and Mn + Ofn + Ocn - Hys > Thres2 • Exit condition: Mp - Hys > Thres1 and Mn + Ofn + Ocn + Hys < Thres2

[0117] Here, Mn is the measurement result in the adjacent cell between RATs (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Mp is the measurement result in SpCell (RSRP [dBm] / RSRQ [dB] / RS-SINR [dB]), Hys is the hysteresis parameter ([dB]), Ofn is the measurement object-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), Ocn is the cell-specific offset of the adjacent cell ([dB]), Thres1 is the first threshold parameter (in the same units as Mp), and Thres2 is the second threshold parameter (in the same units as Mn).

[0118] Figure 12 shows an example of the occurrence of an existing event B2. In the example shown in Figure 12, the changes in received power (RSRP [dBm]) in adjacent cells between RATs (Inter RAT) and in SpCell are shown.

[0119] In the example shown in Figure 12, when the input conditions for event B2 are met, beam reports are made at a specific interval (e.g., reporting interval) after a specific period (e.g., timeToTrigger (TTT)) has elapsed.

[0120] Furthermore, in the example shown in Figure 12, when the departure conditions related to event B2 are met, a departure report is made (if set).

[0121] <Applicable Cases> Event-based beam reporting may be applied in at least one of the following cases: Case 1: L1-RSRP / SINR beam reporting including serving cell PCI / additional PCI (e.g., L1-RSRP / SINR beam reporting including serving cell / additional PCI cell for L1 / L2 inter-cell mobility / inter-cell multi-TRP (M-TRP inter-cell) / Rel. 18 L1 / L2 mobility with cell switching). Case 2: L1-RSRP / SINR beam reporting including serving cell PCI only.

[0122] The UE may report measurement results (e.g., L1-RSRP / L1-SINR) to the NW (e.g., base station) when a specific event occurs (which may be interpreted in this disclosure as a specific condition being met / not being met).

[0123] The specific event may be, for example, at least one of an event relating to a serving cell and an additional cell, and at least one of an event relating to a beam report including at least one of the PCI of the serving cell and the PCI of the additional cell.

[0124] <<Events related to Case 1>> An example of an event related to Case 1 described above is explained below. This event may mean, for example, an event related to the serving cell and the additional cell, or an event related to beam reporting including the PCI of the serving cell and the PCI of the additional cell.

[0125] <<<Option 1>>> A beam report (e.g., aperiodic CSI report) may be triggered by reusing one or more existing Radio Resource Management (RRM) events (e.g., at least one of the following events A2-A6 and I1). That is, if at least one of the following events A2-A6 and I1 occurs (i.e., if the event conditions are met), both an RRM report and a CSI report may be triggered, and the UE may send both an RRM report and a CSI report.

[0126] In this disclosure, the RRM report may be interpreted as equivalent to the L3 measurement report.

[0127] The UE determines whether an event has occurred (for example, at least one of events A2 through A6 and I1 below). If the UE determines that an event has occurred, it sends a non-periodic CSI report (and RRM report); otherwise, it terminates processing related to the event-based beam report. This process may be repeated at predetermined intervals.

[0128] In this disclosure, the triggering of a non-periodic CSI report and the transmission of a non-periodic CSI report by the UE may be interpreted interchangeably. The terms CSI report, L1 beam report, and beam report may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0129] In events A2 to A6 below, the measurement result may be at least one of the following: RSRP (L1-RSRP / L3-RSRP), RSRQ, or SINR (RS-SINR). In the conditions of events A2 to A6 below, "bad" may mean "low" and "good" may mean "high". In the conditions of events A2 to A6 below, SpCell means a special cell and may mean at least one of Primary Cell (PCell) and Primary Secondary Cell (PSCell). In events A2 to A6 and I1 below, the measurement result may have a parameter corresponding to hysteresis added to or subtracted from it. Each threshold may be the same or different. Neighbor cells may be non-serving cells.

[0130] Event A2: The serving cell's measurement result is worse than the threshold. Event A3: The adjacent cell's measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the SpCell's measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset). Event A4: The adjacent cell's measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the threshold. Event A5: The SpCell's measurement result is worse than the first threshold, and the adjacent cell's measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the second threshold. Event A6: The adjacent cell's measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the serving cell's (Secondary Cell (SCell)) measurement result (the measurement result plus an offset). Event I1: The interference measurement result is higher than the threshold.

[0131] According to Option 1, the trigger for RRM reporting can be reused to trigger beam reporting, making the setup easier.

[0132] <<<Option 2>>> One or more new (separate from the events for RRM reporting) events may be defined to trigger aperiodic L1 beam reporting (CSI reporting). The events are similar to events A2 through A6 and I1 above, which also apply to triggering RRM reporting, but may differ from any of events A2 through A6 and I1 (the triggers for RRM reporting) in at least one of the following options 2-1 through 2-4.

[0133] <<<<<Option 2-1>>>>> The thresholds may be different. That is, events A2 through A6 and I1 may be used for L1 beam reporting (CSI reporting) using different thresholds than those used for RRM reporting.

[0134] <<<<Option 2-2>>>> The event may occur based on the measurement result of the reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) at Layer 1. That is, the comparison may be based on L1-RSRP instead of L3-RSRP. Alternatively, a new filtered L1-RSRP may be applied, with a timescale (update / measurement period) between L1-RSRP and L3-RSRP (or the same as L1-RSRP or L3-RSRP). Alternatively, other metrics, such as L1-SINR, L3-RSRQ, etc., may be applied. For example, the following event A2' may be applied as a new event: Event A2': The L1-RSRP measurement result of the serving cell is worse than the threshold.

[0135] <<<<<Option 2-3>>>>> The comparison may be based on a single beam level, multiple beam levels (integrating the independent measurement results of multiple beams into a single value), or cell level measurement results. For example, the following events A4' or A4'' may be applied: Event A4': The measurement result of one beam from an adjacent cell is better than the threshold. Event A4'': The statistical value (e.g., mean, sum, etc.) of the measurement results of multiple beams (e.g., the best X beams) is better than the threshold. X may be fixed or it may be configurable by upper-layer signaling, etc.

[0136] <<<<<Option 2-4>>>> The number of beams that satisfy the conditions (e.g., any of events A2 through A6 and I1) may be taken into consideration. For example, if X beams satisfy event A4' (i.e., the measurement results of X beams from adjacent cells are better than the threshold), the UE may submit a CSI report.

[0137] Furthermore, examples combining at least two of the above 2-1 to 2-4 may also be applied. For example, A4''' can be considered as an event combining 2-2 and 2-3. Also, A4'''' can be considered as an event combining 2-2, 2-3, and 2-4: Event A4''': The L1-RSRP measurement result of one beam from an adjacent cell is better than the threshold. Event A4'''': The L1-RSRP of each of X beams from adjacent cells is better than the threshold.

[0138] Option 2 allows for faster CSI reporting compared to using existing RRM reporting events with RRC.

[0139] <<<Option 3>>> A non-periodic L1 beam report (CSI report) may be triggered using any combination of two or more events from Option 1 and Option 2 above.

[0140] Existing events for RRM reporting may be combined with one or more events from Option B. For example, CSI reporting may be triggered when both Event A4 and the new Event A4'''' occur.

[0141] Two or more events from Option 2 may be combined. For example, a CSI report may be triggered when both Event A2' and the new Event A4''' are met.

[0142] <<Events related to Case 2>> An example of an event related to Case 2 described above is explained below. This event may mean, for example, an event related only to the serving cell, or an event related to beam reporting that includes only the PCI of the serving cell.

[0143] One or more new (separate from the events for RRM reporting) events may be defined to trigger a non-periodic L1 beam report (CSI report). The event may be at least one of the following events B2 through B6 and K1: Event B2: The measurement result for the current beam is worse than the threshold. Event B3: The measurement result for another beam (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the measurement result for the current beam (the measurement result plus an offset). Event B4: The measurement result for another beam (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the threshold. Event B5: The measurement result for the current beam is worse than the first threshold, and the measurement result for another beam (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the second threshold. Event B6: The measurement result for the current beam (the measurement result plus an offset) is worse than the threshold, and the measurement result for another beam (the measurement result plus an offset) is better than the measurement result for the current beam (the measurement result plus an offset). Event K1: The interference measurement result is higher than the threshold.

[0144] The names / codes for events in this disclosure (e.g., A2-A6, B2-B6, I1, K1, etc.) are merely examples and are not limited to these examples. For example, the name of an event for Case 2 may be the same as the name of an event for Case 1, which corresponds to it.

[0145] Furthermore, for at least one of the events in this disclosure (events relating to Case 1 / Case 2), a duration / counter for which the event (or its conditions) are met may be specified. The UE / NW may determine that the conditions for each event are met if at least one of the conditions for each event satisfies the conditions relating to a specific duration / counter. For example, the UE may determine that the conditions for event B3 are met if the measurement results of other beams are better than the measurement results of the current beam within a 100 ms time window. Alternatively, for example, the UE may determine that the conditions for event B3 are met if the measurement results of other beams are better than the measurement results of the current beam 10 times per sample.

[0146] In this disclosure, “current beam” may mean, for example, an SSB / CSI-RS in a PDCCH and QCL relationship (QCLed).

[0147] The PDCCH may, for example, be a PDCCH corresponding to a CORESET determined by a specific rule / upper layer parameter setting. The CORESET may, for example, be a CORESET with a specific (e.g., minimum / maximum) CORESET ID.

[0148] The CSI-RS may be, for example, a periodic / semi-persistent / aperiodic CSI-RS. The SSB / CSI-RS may be limited to, for example, a periodic CSI-RS / SSB.

[0149] Furthermore, in this disclosure, “current beam” may mean, for example, an indicated TCI state (joint / DL / UL TCI state) in the current unified TCI state. Alternatively, “current beam” may mean, for example, a QCL source RS (QCL type D / A) relating to the current indicated TCI state.

[0150] Furthermore, in this disclosure, “current beam” may mean, for example, a beam / resource index (e.g., CRI / SSBRI) reported in a particular (e.g., recent / latest) L1-RSRP / L1-SINR.

[0151] In this disclosure, “other beams” may refer to, for example, beam / SSB / CSI-RS / TCI states other than “the current beam.”

[0152] Multiple sets of beams (candidate beam sets) may be set for the UE. The UE may select / decide on "other beams" from these sets.

[0153] In this disclosure, “(worse) / better” may mean, for example, a lower / higher measurement result (e.g., RSRP / SINR / RSRQ).

[0154] The above thresholds may be predefined in the specifications, set / instructed / notified using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, reported by UE capabilities, or defined by a combination of these. For example, the thresholds may be existing thresholds (e.g., thresholds used in RRM / Case 1) that have been reused.

[0155] The offsets relating to the threshold may be predefined in the specification, set / instructed / notified using higher layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI, reported by UE capability, or specified by a combination of these.

[0156] In this disclosure, UE-initiated beam reporting, event-triggered beam reporting, event-based beam reporting, and event-based beam reporting may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0157] In this disclosure, the terms "reported beam," "reported beam," and "UE reported beam" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0158] (Cell switching command (MAC CE) of Rel. 18) A cell switching command sent by MAC CE may include at least the following information: - Information to identify the target cell; - Information regarding the timing advance (TA); - One joint TCI state index for the target cell, or a set of DL / UL TCI state indices for the target cell; - The active DL / UL BWP of the target cell.

[0159] Regarding the presence of beam indications within cell switching commands, the following may be supported in at least certain scenarios: • The cell switching command always contains a field indicating one joint TCI state index for the target cell, or a set of DL / UL TCI state indices for the target cell. • UE behavior regarding the beam indication field in RACH-based handover scenarios after a cell switching command.

[0160] (Trigger conditions (events) for event-based beam reporting for Rel. 19) Event-triggered [L1] beam reporting may be triggered when certain conditions (events) are met. For example, a UE may apply different / same conditions / events to the triggers of the following beam reports.

[0161] - UE Feature #1: Event-triggered [L1] beam report to MIMO at Rel. 19. - UE Feature #2: Event-triggered [L1] beam report to mobility at Rel. 19.

[0162] Different UE capabilities may be introduced / defined between UE features #1 and #2. Furthermore, different higher-layer parameters may be set to enable each UE feature. UE features and UE capabilities may be interchangeable.

[0163] A UE does not expect UE features #1 and #2 to be set simultaneously in a given BWP / CC / band / frequency range / frequency (or for each UE).

[0164] Alternatively, a UE may have UE features #1 and #2 set simultaneously for a given BWP / CC / band / frequency range / frequency (or for each UE). For example, if a UE is set, it may be predefined which events (which UE features) to prioritize, and this may be set / instructed by upper-layer signaling / physical-layer signaling.

[0165] This disclosure may be applied within the Unified TCI Framework (Rel. 15 / 16 / 17 / 18).

[0166] This disclosure may apply only if the corresponding UE capability is reported, or if the corresponding higher-layer parameter (e.g., RRC) is notified / reported.

[0167] <Beam Reporting for MIMO> The following may apply to event-triggered beam reporting for MIMO in Rel. 19.

[0168] - MAC CE in PUCCH. - UCI in periodic / semi-persistent PUCCH, UCI in dynamic grant (DG) / configured grant (CG) PUCCH. - The relationship between the MAC CE-based method and the UCI-based method described above. For example, two independent methods may be configurable. Alternatively, a UCI-based method may be applied in addition to a MAC CE-based method (a combination of the two methods (2-step method) may be applied).

[0169] The report content may be essentially the same as existing L1 beam measurement reports, and may include at least one of the following: • SSBRI / CRI. • Number of beams to be reported (X). • Method for selecting X beams. • L1-RSRP / SINR (absolute value / difference value) for each SSBRI / CRI. • If MAC CE is used, an indicator showing whether the following octets are included. • If MAC CE or UCI is used, serving cell ID, BWP ID (if the report requires activation of the TCI state or beam switching).

[0170] <Beam Reporting for Mobility> Regarding event-triggered beam reporting for mobility in Rel. 19, it is necessary to clarify whether event-triggered beam reporting should be used for reporting cell switching. For example, the following may apply:

[0171] - MAC CE in semi-persistent / aperiodic PUCCH. - UCI in periodic / semi-persistent PUCCH, UCI in semi-persistent / aperiodic PUCCH.

[0172] The report may include, for example, at least one of the following: If the measurement report is used for cell switching reporting, in addition to MIMO-related information: an indicator showing whether or not a cell switch has occurred, or TA-related information. Otherwise (if the measurement report is not used for cell switching reporting): the same information as MIMO-related information (the only difference being whether it is within a cell or between cells).

[0173] The supported events may be the same as those for a Conditional Hand-Over (CHO).

[0174] For example, since candidate cells are set based on the L3 measurement report, L1-RSRP / SINR may be used as the threshold.

[0175] If the report is used for cell switching commands, specific domain filters (e.g., time / frequency / space) may be considered / applied to prevent frequent switching.

[0176] It may also be specified whether flexibility in the trigger time (e.g., 5 milliseconds, 10 milliseconds, 20 milliseconds) is required.

[0177] <Definition of terminology for specific events> In the existing events described above, the definitions of Serving [cell] and Neighbor [cell] may be reinterpreted / updated as follows in the event-triggered beam report for Rel. 19.

[0178] For example, in existing L3 events, Serving [Cell], SpCell, and PCell may be interpreted interchangeably with the current beam (e.g., the RS ID associated with the indicated [Joint / DL]TCI state) in event-triggered beam reports for MIMO in Rel. 19.

[0179] Furthermore, in existing L3 events, Serving [Cell], SpCell, and PCell may be interpreted interchangeably with the current beam (e.g., the RS ID associated with the indicated [Joint / DL] TCI state) or the serving cell's beam (e.g., the RS ID associated with the serving cell's PCI TCI state) in the event-triggered beam reports for mobility in Rel. 19.

[0180] In existing L3 events, adjacent [cells] may be interpreted interchangeably with other beams (e.g., RS IDs that are not associated with the indicated [joint / DL]TCI state but are associated with the RS ID for the L1 beam measurement) in event-triggered beam reports for MIMO (which may be mobility) in Rel. 19.

[0181] Furthermore, adjacent [cells] in existing L3 events may be interpreted as corresponding to beams of non-serving cells / target cells / candidate cells (e.g., RS IDs associated with the TCI status of the PCI of target cells / candidate cells) in event-triggered beam reports for mobility in Rel. 19.

[0182] The measured values ​​of each reference signal (RS) may be RSRP / SINR, L3-RSRP / SINR, L1-RSRP / SINR, or the average of multiple L1-RSRP / SINR values.

[0183] For example, L1-RSRP / SINR can change dynamically. Therefore, by averaging multiple (X) L1-RSRP / SINR values ​​(e.g., X=5), control hunting (frequent switching of trigger states) in beam reporting triggers can be avoided.

[0184] (Event prediction using AI / ML models) In future wireless communication systems, the introduction of event prediction related to Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements using AI / ML models is being considered.

[0185] The event prediction in question considers the implementation of at least one of the following approaches 1 and 2.

[0186] <Approach 1> The AI / ML model may predict the measurement results of RRM (it may output predicted values ​​of the measurement results). Then, based on this prediction, the AI / ML model may further predict the occurrence of measurement events.

[0187] Figure 13 shows an example of event prediction related to Approach 1. In the example shown in Figure 13, the measurement results at a specific time (for example, at times T+1, T+2, and T+3 in Figure 13) are predicted using an AI / ML model based on the measurement results at a certain time (for example, at times T+1, T+2, and T+3 in Figure 13). Based on these predicted measurement results, the AI / ML model predicts the occurrence (input condition) of an event (event A3 in Figure 13).

[0188] <Approach 2> The AI / ML model may directly predict the occurrence of measurement events based on the RRM measurement results.

[0189] For example, the AI / ML model may output parameters related to the confidence probability of the prediction.

[0190] For example, the output port of the AI / ML model may output a value (soft value) in the range of 0 to 1 that indicates the probability of each event occurring.

[0191] Additionally, for example, a specific threshold may be used to determine whether an event is predicted to occur.

[0192] Figure 14 shows an example of event prediction related to Approach 2. In the example shown in Figure 14, the occurrence (probability of occurrence) of an event at a specific time (for example, at times T+1, T+2, and T+3 in Figure 14) is predicted using an AI / ML model (output ports A1 to A6) based on measurement results at a certain time (for example, at times T+1, T+2, and T+3 in Figure 14) (in Figure 14, event A3 at T+3 is predicted).

[0193] (Analysis) In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 20 and beyond), it is being considered that the UE will perform at least one of the following: radio resource management (RRM) measurement and measurement event prediction. RRM measurement / measurement event prediction is expected to improve mobility performance and reduce the measurement overhead of the UE.

[0194] However, from the perspective of reducing UE complexity, these predictions (RRM measurement / measurement event prediction) are unnecessary if the UE remains within a cell without wireless link quality issues.

[0195] Typically, predictive models are trained to dynamically focus on RSRPs during the movement procedure.

[0196] Therefore, it is necessary to consider a mechanism that enables the initiation of UE inference when the UE moves to the cell edge, and disables the initiation of UE inference when the UE remains in the cell center.

[0197] However, such mechanisms have not been adequately considered. If these considerations are insufficient, optimal overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization may not be possible, potentially hindering improvements in communication throughput and communication quality.

[0198] Therefore, the inventors have conceived of the following embodiments. According to one aspect of this disclosure, suitable overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization can be achieved.

[0199] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Each wireless communication method according to the embodiments may be applied individually or in combination.

[0200] (Various substitutions) In this disclosure, words enclosed in parentheses () may indicate an explanation of the preceding word (e.g., an explanation of spelling), a paraphrase, a specific example, or supplementary explanation. Also, in this disclosure, words enclosed in square brackets ([]) may be interpreted as part of the overall meaning of the text, or they may be interpreted as being excluded (ignored). Note that parentheses () and square brackets ([]) may be used for purposes / meanings other than those described above.

[0201] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. In this disclosure, "A / B / C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0202] In this disclosure, terms such as notice, activate, deactivate, indicate (or specify), select, configure, update, and determine may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as support, control, controllable, operate, and capable of operating may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0203] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-layer parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control elements (MAC Control Elements (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0204] In this disclosure, the upper layer signaling may be any or a combination thereof, such as Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, and other messages (e.g., messages from the core network, such as positioning protocol messages (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) messages).

[0205] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may include, for example, MAC Control Elements (MAC CEs) and MAC Protocol Data Units (PDUs). Broadcast information may include, for example, Master Information Blocks (MIBs), System Information Blocks (SIBs), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSIs), and Other System Information (OSIs).

[0206] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) and Uplink Control Information (UCI).

[0207] In this disclosure, terms such as drop, suspension, stop, interruption, cancellation, puncture, rate match, postpone, and not send may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0208] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, and subset may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0209] In this disclosure, the terms used include: panel, UE panel, panel group, beam, beam group, precoder, Uplink (UL) transmit entity, Transmission / Reception Point (TRP), base station, Spatial Relation Information (SRI), spatial relationship, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), Control Resource Set (CORESET), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), Reference Signal (RS), Antenna port (e.g., Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port), Antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), Group (e.g., Spatial relationship group, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) group, Reference Signal group, CORESET group, Physical Uplink Control The following terms may be interchangeable: Channel (PUCCH) group, PUCCH resource group), resource (e.g., reference signal resource, SRS resource), resource set (e.g., reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, quasi-co-location (QCL), QCL assumption, etc.

[0210] In this disclosure, TTT, timer, counter, time window, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0211] The types of events described in this disclosure are merely examples and are not limited to those shown.

[0212] The predicted events in this disclosure may be used / applied to event-triggered beam reporting. The UE may predict events and report beams based on such predictions.

[0213] In this disclosure, event-based beam reporting, event-triggered beam reporting, UE-triggered beam reporting, and UE-initiated beam reporting may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0214] In this disclosure, event-triggered beam reporting may simply be referred to as beam reporting / CSI reporting / L1-RSRP / SINR beam reporting.

[0215] In this disclosure, event-based beam reporting may be reported using PUSCH (e.g., config-grant PUSCH, grant-based PUSCH). That is, the reporting content in this disclosure may be transmitted using at least one of MAC CE / UCI / PUCCH / PUSCH.

[0216] In this disclosure, CSI reports, RRM reports, event reports, beam reports, and reports may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0217] In this disclosure, measurement, measurement result, measured value, RRM measurement, event measurement, event-based measurement, event-based RRM measurement, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, prediction, predicted value, prediction result, measurement result prediction, measured value prediction, RRM prediction, RRM measurement prediction, event prediction, measurement event prediction, AI / ML prediction, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0218] In this disclosure, the terms event, specific event, measurement event, prediction event, event for switching [settings], etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0219] In this disclosure, the terms [UE side] events predicted by the AI / ML model, events related to predictions, predicted events, events based on predictions, events for prediction, predicted events, new events, and extended (existing) events may be interpreted as each other.

[0220] In this disclosure, the terms "events measured / observed by UE," "events relating to measurement / observation," "events being measured / observed," "events based on measurement / observation," "measurement events," "measurement events," "observation events," "observation events," and "existing events" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0221] In this disclosure, the terms "subject," "measurement target," "signal," "channel," "RS," "timing," "time resource," "frequency resource," "frequency," "cell," "carrier," "beam," etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0222] In this disclosure, RS, RS for RRM, RS for RRM measurement, CSI-RS, SSB, DL-RS, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0223] In this disclosure, predictions based on events [input / exit / trigger] may be referred to as event-triggered predictions.

[0224] In this disclosure, event input may mean a transition from a state where the conditions for an event are not met to a state where the conditions for that event are met. In this disclosure, event exit may mean a transition from a state where the conditions for an event are met to a state where the conditions for that event are not met. In this disclosure, event triggering may mean that, after event input, the state in which the event is met continues for a specific period (e.g., TTT) and a state in which measurement / prediction / reporting based on that event becomes possible.

[0225] In this disclosure, terms related to input, leave, trigger, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as event, event input, event leave, event trigger, event condition, condition, input condition, leave condition, trigger condition, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0226] (Wireless communication method) The UE may receive the object to be measured (for example, an RS for RRM measurement). In this case, the UE may perform at least one of the following operations A and B.

[0227] <Action A> The UE may measure the object to be measured when the event [condition] is met. Alternatively, the UE may measure the object to be measured [immediately] when the settings related to the measurement are set by RRC signaling. The UE may also report the measurement result / measurement value of the object to be measured.

[0228] <Action B> If the event [conditions] are met, the UE may use an AI / ML model to make at least one of the following predictions based on the measurement results / measurements of the object being measured [in Action A]. The UE may also report the predicted measurement results / measurements / event [occurrence]. ◆ Prediction of measurement results / measurements / [predicted] event [occurrence] at a time later than the time when the object being measured is received (hereinafter also referred to as time-domain prediction). ◆ Prediction of measurement results / measurements / [predicted] event [occurrence] at a frequency different from the frequency at which the object being measured is received (hereinafter also referred to as frequency-domain prediction). ◆ Prediction of measurement results / measurements / [predicted] event [occurrence] of an object related to / corresponding to a beam different from the object being measured (hereinafter also referred to as spatial-domain prediction).

[0229] The event / condition for action A and the event / condition for action B may be the same or different. Furthermore, the event / condition for action A and the event / condition for action B may be related.

[0230] Figure 15 shows an example of time-domain prediction / frequency-domain prediction. As shown in Example X of Figure 15, when a specific event [condition] is met, the UE may start / execute time-domain prediction based on the measurement result / measurement value of the object being measured at frequency #1 where the object is received. The period of the time-domain prediction may be the same as or different from the period of the object being measured. In Example X of Figure 15, the period of the time-domain prediction is shorter than the period of the object being measured, but in other examples, the period of the time-domain prediction may be longer than the period of the object being measured.

[0231] As shown in Example Y in Figure 15, if a specific event [condition] is met, the UE may start / execute frequency domain prediction based on the measurement result / measurement value of the object being measured at a frequency #2 different from frequency #1 on which the object being measured is received. The period of the frequency domain prediction may be the same as or different from the period of the object being measured (it may be shorter or longer than the period of the object being measured). In Example Y in Figure 15, the period of the frequency domain prediction is the same as the period of the object being measured, but in other examples, the period of the frequency domain prediction may be different from the period of the object being measured.

[0232] For example, with respect to spatial domain prediction, if the input conditions for a specific event are met, the UE may measure a measurement target associated with / corresponding to a certain beam (e.g., the RS associated with / corresponding to the first beam / coarse beam). Also, if the trigger conditions for a specific event are met, the UE may predict the measurement results / measurements of other measurement targets associated with / corresponding to beams (e.g., the RS associated with / corresponding to the second beam / fine beam) based on the measurement results / measurements of the said measurement target.

[0233] <First Embodiment> The first embodiment relates to settings / features that the UE receives / reports.

[0234] The UE may report / receive multiple (e.g., two) related settings / features / feature groups (hereinafter also referred to as setting #A and setting #B) and settings / information that indicate conditions / events for switching between setting #A and setting #B (or conditions / events for activating setting #B from setting #A). The UE may decide / determine which of setting #A and setting #B to use based on whether the above conditions / events are met.

[0235] In this disclosure, a feature may mean a UE capability that indicates support for a particular operation, or it may mean whether a model is applicable for performing a particular operation (i.e., the applicability of the model), or both. In this disclosure, a feature group may mean multiple features (which may also be called a set of features, etc.) for a particular operation. A particular operation may be any operation in this disclosure.

[0236] In this disclosure, setting #A may be a setting for the measurement [reporting of] the object being measured (e.g., operation A above). Setting #A may include information about the time resources / frequency resources / beam being measured (e.g., resources of the object being measured). In this disclosure, the terms time resources being measured, frequency resources being measured, resources being measured, beam being measured, beam being measured, object being measured, resources of the object being measured, object being measured by the UE, object, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0237] In this disclosure, setting #B may be a setting for reporting predictions based on measurements of the object being measured (e.g., operation B above). Setting #B may include information about predicted time resources / frequency resources / beams (i.e., at least one of the resources that are the subject of the time-domain prediction / frequency-domain prediction in operation B above, and the beams that are the subject of the spatial-domain prediction). In this disclosure, predicted time resources, predicted frequency resources, predicted resources, predicted beams, predicted beams, predicted object, object predicted, object predicted by UE, object, etc. may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0238] In this disclosure, setting #A, operation A, etc. may be interpreted as interchangeable with each other. In this disclosure, setting #B, operation B, etc. may be interpreted as interchangeable with each other.

[0239] Setting #A / Setting #B may include parameters / values ​​common to both Setting #A and Setting #B, or they may include parameters / values ​​that differ between Setting #A and Setting #B.

[0240] The conditions / events for switching between the above settings #A and #B (or the conditions / events for activating setting #B from setting #A) may be at least one of the following conditions / events 1-1 to 1-3.

[0241] Condition / event 1-1 may also be an input / exit / trigger for a measurement event [with corresponding input / exit / trigger conditions].

[0242] Condition / event 1-1 does not require measurement reporting within setting #A / setting #B. That is, if condition / event 1-1 is met, the UE does not need to report measurements / predictions within setting #A / setting #B.

[0243] Conditions / events 1-2 may also be inputs / exits / triggers for measurement events within setting #B [with corresponding input / exit conditions / trigger conditions].

[0244] Conditions / events 1-2 may be used to switch between setting #A and setting #B. For example, if a specific event (e.g., event A3 above) is set within setting #B, the input / exit / trigger of that specific event may be a condition for activating setting #B (i.e., the input / exit / trigger of that specific event may perform at least one of the following: switching from setting #A to setting #B, and activating setting #B).

[0245] Conditions / events 1-3 may be a group / set of conditions relating to at least one of the following: measurements by the UE and wireless link quality.

[0246] Setting #A / Setting #B may include different parameters / requirements between Setting #A and Setting #B. These parameters / requirements may be measurement / prediction parameters / requirements. For example, these parameters / requirements may be at least one of the following: time domain period and additional frequency bands.

[0247] The UE may receive a setting / instruction (e.g., a reportConfig) indicating that actual measurements (e.g., measurements on the forecast resource in setting #B) are not required for reporting one or more forecasts within setting #B, or that the resources corresponding to one or more forecast reports within setting #B (e.g., the forecast resource in setting #B) will not actually be sent. Based on the received setting / instruction, the UE may report the measurement results / measurements / events configured within setting #B. The reported measurement results / measurements / events may not be based on actual measurements, but may be based on forecast measurements.

[0248] The UE does not have to expect actual measurements (e.g., measurements on the forecast resources in setting #B) for one or more forecast reports within setting #B. Alternatively, the UE does not have to expect that resources corresponding to one or more forecast reports within setting #B (e.g., forecast resources in setting #B) are actually sent.

[0249] The UE may report the measurement results / measurements set by [Setting #B] (i.e., the predicted measurement results / measurements) instead of reporting the actual measurement results / measurements in the prediction resource.

[0250] The UE may report capability information / features / feature groups regarding its ability to predict measurement results / measurements related to setting #B (e.g., operation B above).

[0251] Examples 1 to 4 below are examples of the operation / settings described above in this embodiment.

[0252] <<Example 1>> As shown in Figure 16, multiple events (in this example, the first event / second event) may be configured within a single reporting configuration (in this example, reportConfig). Additionally, a single configuration related to the measurement target (in this example, measObject1) may be associated with a single reporting configuration.

[0253] In this example, setting #A may be set within a single setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject1). Alternatively, setting #A may be a single setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject1). Also, setting #A may define the object that the UE measures.

[0254] In this example, setting #B may be implicitly indicated in the second event. Alternatively, setting #B may request / instruct the UE to report event / measurement predictions.

[0255] In this example, the first event may be an event used to enable the [possible] reporting of the second event (i.e., to activate AI / ML prediction). The second event may also be an event for AI / ML prediction.

[0256] <<Example 2>> As shown in Figure 17, multiple events (in this example, the first event / second event) may be configured within a single reporting configuration (in this example, reportConfig). Also, multiple settings related to the measurement target (in this example, measObject1 / measObject2) may be associated with a single reporting configuration.

[0257] In this example, setting #A may be set within the first setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject1). Alternatively, setting #A may be the first setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject1). Also, setting #A may define the object that the UE measures.

[0258] In this example, setting #B may be set within a second setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject2). Alternatively, setting #B may be a second setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject2). Also, setting #B may be a setting for the object that the UE predicts. Note that in this example, setting #B may be set if the object that the UE predicts is not included in setting #A / first setting. Also, the UE does not have to expect that the resources in setting #B / second setting will be transmitted.

[0259] In this example, the first event may be an event used to enable the [possible] reporting of the second event (i.e., to activate AI / ML prediction). The second event may also be an event for AI / ML prediction.

[0260] <<Example 3>> As shown in Figure 18, a specific event (in this example, the first event) may be configured within a single reporting configuration (in this example, reportConfig). Furthermore, multiple settings related to the measurement target (in this example, measObject1 / measObject2) may be associated with a single reporting configuration. Note that there may be one specific event or multiple specific events.

[0261] In this example, setting #A may be set within the first setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject1). Alternatively, setting #A may be the first setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject1). Also, setting #A may define the object that the UE measures.

[0262] In this example, setting #B may be set within a second setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject2). Alternatively, setting #B may be a second setting related to the object to be measured (in this example, measObject2). Also, setting #B may be a setting for the object that the UE predicts. Note that in this example, setting #B may be set if the object that the UE predicts is not included in setting #A / first setting. Also, the UE does not have to expect that the resources in setting #B / second setting will be transmitted.

[0263] In this example, the first event may be an event used to enable the [possible] reporting of the second event (i.e., to activate AI / ML prediction). The second event may also be an event for AI / ML prediction.

[0264] The input [conditions] / exit [conditions] / trigger [conditions] / additional defined conditions for specific events may be used as conditions to switch between the above setting #A / first setting [measurement / reporting based on] and the above setting #B / second setting [prediction / reporting based on]. That is, if the input [conditions] / exit [conditions] / trigger [conditions] / additional defined conditions for specific events are met, the settings referenced for UE measurement / prediction / reporting may be switched.

[0265] In this example, if the UE is configured to measure / report based on setting #A / first setting, and the first condition of the first event (e.g., input condition) is met, the setting referenced by the UE may be switched to setting #B / second setting. In this case, the UE may stop / interrupt the measurement / report based on setting #A / first setting and start / execute the forecast / report based on setting #B / second setting. The UE may also report to the NW that the referenced setting has been switched from setting #A / first setting to setting #B / second setting (that setting #B / second setting has been activated as the referenced setting).

[0266] In this example, if the UE is configured to predict / report based on setting #B / second setting, and the second condition of the first event (e.g., exit condition) is met, the setting referenced by the UE may be switched to setting #A / first setting. In this case, the UE may stop / suspend predicting / reporting based on setting #B / second setting, and start / running measurement / reporting based on setting #A / first setting. The UE may also report to the NW that the referenced setting has been switched from setting #B / second setting to setting #A / first setting (that setting #A / first setting has been activated as the referenced setting).

[0267] <<Example 4>> As shown in Figure 19, parameters for periodic reporting may be set within a single reporting configuration (in this example, reportConfig). Additionally, multiple settings related to the meter (in this example, measObject1 / measObject2) may be associated with a single reporting configuration.

[0268] In this example, setting #A may be set within the first setting for the object to be measured (in this example, measObject1). Alternatively, setting #A may be the first setting for the object to be measured (in this example, measObject1). Setting #A may also be the first parameter for periodic reporting (or may contain the first parameter). The first parameter may be the first period [for measurement].

[0269] In this example, setting #B may be set within a second setting related to the object being measured (in this example, measObject2). Alternatively, setting #B may be a second setting related to the object being measured (in this example, measObject2). Setting #B may also be a second parameter for periodic reporting (or may contain a second parameter). The second parameter may be a second period [for prediction]. The second parameter may be different from the first parameter above. For example, the second period may be different from the first period.

[0270] The conditions set in the parameters for the above periodic reporting (or in the above [single] reporting setting) may be used as conditions for switching between setting #A / first setting [measurement / reporting based on] and setting #B / second setting [forecasting / reporting based on]. That is, if the conditions set in the parameters for the above periodic reporting (or in the above [single] reporting setting) are met, the setting referenced for UE measurement / forecasting / reporting may be switched. The conditions set may also be input [conditions] / exit [conditions] / trigger [conditions] / additional defined conditions for specific events.

[0271] In this example, if the UE has configured measurement / reporting based on the above setting #A / first setting, and the first condition set in the above parameters for periodic reporting (or the above [single] reporting setting) (for example, an input [condition] for a specific event) is met, the setting referenced by the UE may be switched to the above setting #B / second setting. In this case, the UE may stop / interrupt the measurement / reporting based on the above setting #A / first setting, and start / execute forecasting / reporting based on the above setting #B / second setting. The UE may also report to the NW that the referenced setting has been switched from setting #A / first setting to setting #B / second setting (that setting #B / second setting has been activated as the referenced setting).

[0272] In this example, if the UE has configured forecasting / reporting based on the above setting #B / second setting, and a second condition (e.g., exit [condition] for a specific event) set in the above parameters for periodic reporting (or the above [single] reporting setting) is met, the setting referenced by the UE may be switched to the above setting #A / first setting. In this case, the UE may stop / interrupt forecasting / reporting based on the above setting #B / second setting, and start / perform measurement / reporting based on the above setting #A / first setting. The UE may also report to the NW that the referenced setting has been switched from setting #B / second setting to setting #A / first setting (that setting #A / first setting has been activated as the referenced setting).

[0273] <<Variations of Examples 2 to 4>> In Examples 2 to 4 described above, both setting #A and setting #B may be set within a single setting (e.g., measObject) relating to the object to be measured.

[0274] According to the first embodiment described above, the reception and reporting of settings / features by the UE can be performed appropriately. Furthermore, settings for measurement and settings for prediction can be flexibly switched based on events / conditions.

[0275] <Second Embodiment> The second embodiment relates to UE behavior for event-triggered prediction.

[0276] When the UE receives the settings in the first embodiment (e.g., setting #A / setting #B / reporting settings) [and other settings / instructions to activate those settings], the UE may measure the [configured / instructed] meter based on setting #A. The UE may also evaluate / determine whether the [configured] conditions are met, or whether the [configured] event satisfies the input / exit / trigger conditions.

[0277] If the configured conditions for activating setting #B are met, or if the configured event for activating setting #B satisfies the input / exit / trigger conditions, the UE may measure the configured / instructed meter based on setting #B.

[0278] If the configured conditions for activating setting #A are met, or if the configured event for activating setting #A satisfies the input / exit / trigger conditions, the UE may measure the configured / instructed meter based on setting #A.

[0279] If the configured conditions for activating setting #B are not met, or if the configured event for activating setting #B does not meet the input / exit / trigger conditions, the UE may measure the configured / instructed meter based on setting #A.

[0280] After executing a specified / configured / instructed command (e.g., a handover command, a cell switching command), the UE may measure the [configured / instructed] target based on configuration #A.

[0281] The UE may report the occurrence of a switch between setting #A and setting #B (which of setting #A and setting #B is activated). For example, the UE may report that the referenced setting for measurement / prediction / reporting has been switched from setting #A to setting #B (setting #B has been activated as the referenced setting for measurement / prediction / reporting), or that the referenced setting for measurement / prediction / reporting has been switched from setting #B to setting #A (setting #A has been activated as the referenced setting for measurement / prediction / reporting).

[0282] According to the second embodiment described above, the UE can perform actions for event-triggered prediction based on settings for measurement / prediction / reporting.

[0283] <Supplement> <<Notification of Information to UE>> In the embodiments described above, notification of any information from the Network (NW) (e.g., Base Station (BS)) to the UE (in other words, reception of any information from the BS at the UE) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signal), or a combination thereof.

[0284] If the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) not defined in existing standards in the MAC subheader.

[0285] If the above notification is made by DCI, the notification may be made by a specific field of the DCI, a Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used to scramble the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, or the format of the DCI.

[0286] Furthermore, the notification of arbitrary information to the UE in the above-described embodiment may be periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic.

[0287] <<Notification of Information from UE>> Notification of any information from the UE to the NW in the embodiments described above (in other words, transmission / reporting of any information from the UE to the BS) may be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE, RRC messages, LPP messages), specific signals / channels (e.g., UCI, PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or a combination thereof.

[0288] When the above notification is made by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by the inclusion of a new LCID not specified in existing standards in the MAC subheader. The MAC CE may be an extension of an existing MAC CE. For example, the MAC CE may introduce a new octet into an existing MAC CE.

[0289] If the above notice is made by the UCI, the notice may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0290] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above-described embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent (triggered by the UE or gNB), or aperiodic (triggered by the UE or gNB).

[0291] <<Regarding the application of each embodiment>> In UE / BS, specific (one or more) processes / operations / controls / assumptions / information for at least one of the embodiments described above may be applied (or used) if any or more of the following conditions are met: - A higher-layer parameter indicating the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is set; - The specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on the relevant higher-layer parameter; - The specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is designated / activated / triggered by MAC CE / DCI / UCI / Resource / Channel / RS; - A specific UE capability indicating (or related to) the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is reported or supported; - The application of the specific process / operation / control / assumption / information is determined based on specific conditions.

[0292] The above-mentioned specific UE capabilities may represent at least one of the following: supporting the above-mentioned specific processing / operation / control / assumption / information; the capabilities of each embodiment; the capabilities of each option in each embodiment, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple options in each embodiment; the capabilities of each choice in each embodiment, or the capabilities of a combination of multiple choices in each embodiment; supporting event-based prediction; supporting setting #A / setting #B; and supporting switching between setting #A / setting #B.

[0293] Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that applies across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), a capability per frequency (e.g., one or a combination thereof, such as cell, band, band combination, BWP, component carrier, etc.), a capability per frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), a capability per subcarrier spacing (SCS), or a capability per feature set (FS) or feature set per component-carrier (FSPC).

[0294] Furthermore, the specific UE capabilities described above may be capabilities that apply across all duplexing schemes (common to all duplexing schemes regardless of the duplexing scheme), or they may be capabilities specific to each duplexing scheme (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD), Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0295] If the above conditions are not met, UE / BS may follow the behavior specified in existing 3GPP releases.

[0296] Information regarding whether one or more of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, or which of the above embodiments / options / choices / examples apply / are used, may be based on several of the following methods: • The information is set by one or more higher-layer parameters / RRC IEs. • The information is determined by one or more relevant higher-layer parameters / RRC IEs. • The information is indicated by MAC CE / DCI. • The information is determined based on one or more UE capabilities. • The information is described / defined in the specification. • The information is based on conditions described / defined in the specification. • The information is determined by a combination of several of the above methods. For example, the information is determined by the setting / indication of higher-layer parameters / MAC CE / DCIs and reported by UE capabilities.

[0297] The above multiple embodiments / options / choices may be combined into a single embodiment / option / choice.

[0298] In this disclosure, each embodiment / option / choice may apply only if the UE reports supporting a particular feature / model.

[0299] (Note) The following inventions are added with respect to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Note 1] A terminal having: a receiving unit that receives a first setting for measuring a target to be measured and a second setting for prediction based on the measurement results of the target to be measured in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain and spatial domain; and a control unit that determines whether to use the first setting or the second setting based on whether a specific condition is met. [Note 2] The terminal according to Note 1, wherein the specific condition is at least one of input, exit, and trigger of a specific event in the second setting. [Note 3] The terminal according to Note 1 or Note 2, wherein the control unit does not expect resources in the second setting to be transmitted. [Note 4] The terminal according to any one of Notes 1 to 3, wherein the control unit controls reporting which of the first setting or the second setting is activated.

[0300] (Wireless Communication System) The configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure, or a combination thereof.

[0301] Figure 20 shows an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (which may also be simply called system 1) may be a system that realizes communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc., as specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0302] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC may include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), and the like.

[0303] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0304] The wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0305] The wireless communication system 1 may include a base station 11 that forms a macrocell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) located within the macrocell C1 that form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macrocell C1. User terminals 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement, number, shape, size, etc., of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the configuration shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0306] The wireless communication system 1 may utilize Multi Input Multi Output (MIMO). For example, one cell may be formed by one antenna / base station 10, or by multiple antennas / base stations 10. One [virtual] cell (which may be called a supercell, for example) may be composed of multiple [virtual] cells (which may be called subcells, for example). A supercell may correspond to a cell with a fixed physical range, and a subcell may correspond to a cell whose physical range fluctuates quasi-statically / dynamically. In this case, the wireless communication system 1 may be called a cell-free system.

[0307] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the multiple base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may utilize at least one of Carrier Aggregation (CA) using multiple Component Carriers (CC) and Dual Connectivity (DC).

[0308] Each CC may be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). A macrocell C1 may be included in FR1, and a small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band of 6 GHz or less (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz. Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and for example, FR1 may be in a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0309] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may communicate in each CC using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).

[0310] Multiple base stations 10 may be connected by wire (e.g., optical fiber compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 / Xn interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is the upstream station, may be called an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is the relay station, may be called an IAB node.

[0311] Base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include at least one of the following: Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0312] The core network 30 may include network functions (NF) such as User Plane Function (UPF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management Function (SMF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Application Function (AF), Data Network (DN), Location Management Function (LMF), and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM). Multiple functions may be provided by a single network node. Furthermore, communication with an external network (e.g., the Internet) may occur via the DN.

[0313] The user terminal 20 may be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0314] In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access scheme may be used. For example, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-OFDM), etc., may be used in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL).

[0315] The wireless access method may also be called a waveform. In wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) may be used for the UL and DL wireless access methods.

[0316] In the wireless communication system 1, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), a Broadcast Channel (PBCH), or a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) may be used as the downlink channel, which is shared by each user terminal 20.

[0317] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink channel may include a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or the like, all of which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0318] User data, higher-layer control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and higher-layer control information may also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) may be transmitted via PBCH.

[0319] Lower-layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower-layer control information may include, for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI) which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0320] Furthermore, the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called DL assignment, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called UL grant, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH may be read as DL data, and PUSCH may be read as UL data.

[0321] PDCCH detection may utilize a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. A search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A single CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. A UE may monitor CORESETs associated with a given search space based on the search space configuration.

[0322] A single search space may correspond to one or more PDCCH candidates corresponding to aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. In this disclosure, "search space," "search space set," "search space configuration," "search space set configuration," "CORESET," and "CORESET configuration" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0323] PUCCH may transmit uplink control information (UCI) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery acknowledgment information (for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR). PRACH may transmit a random access preamble for establishing a connection with the cell.

[0324] In this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc., may be expressed without the prefix "link." Also, the prefix "physical" may be omitted from the names of various channels.

[0325] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), etc., may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, the DL-RS may include a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a positioning reference signal (PRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), etc.

[0326] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS / PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. Note that SS, SSB, etc. may also be called reference signals.

[0327] Furthermore, in the wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) may include a sounding reference signal (SRS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. The DMRS may also be called a user-specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0328] (Base Station) Figure 21 shows an example of the configuration of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of the control unit 110, the transmitting / receiving unit 120, the transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and the transmission line interface 140 may be provided.

[0329] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0330] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0331] The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 120, transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing of communication channels (setting, releasing, etc.), status management of the base station 10, management of wireless resources, etc.

[0332] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may include a transmission processing unit 1211 and a reception processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0333] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122 and a measuring unit 123.

[0334] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0335] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also receive the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0336] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0337] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform processing on data and control information acquired from the control unit 110, for example, at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0338] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, discrete Fourier transform (DFT) processing (if necessary), inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0339] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0340] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 130.

[0341] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0342] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements, Channel State Information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), reception quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

[0343] The transmission path interface 140 may send and receive signals (backhaul signaling) with devices included in the core network 30 (e.g., network nodes providing NF), other base stations 10, etc., and may acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0344] In this disclosure, the transmitting and receiving units of the base station 10 may consist of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 120, a transmitting / receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface 140.

[0345] The base station 10 may be separated into three elements: a Radio Unit (RU), a Distributed Unit (DU), and a Central Unit (CU). For example, the RU may implement RF processing (digital beamforming, digital-to-analog conversion, analog beamforming, etc.) and lower-level physical layer functions (precoding, IFFT, FFT, etc.). The DU may implement higher-level physical layer functions (coding to resource element mapping, etc.), MAC layer functions, and RLC layer functions. The CU may implement PDCP layer, Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, and RRC layer functions.

[0346] In this disclosure, base station 10 may include a single device that implements all the functions of RU, DU, and CU, or it may include multiple devices that each implement some of the functions of RU, DU, and CU and are connected to each other. In this disclosure, base station 10 may be interpreted as RU / DU / CU.

[0347] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may transmit a first setting for measuring the object to be measured, and a second setting for prediction based on the measurement results of the object to be measured in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain.

[0348] The control unit 110 may be instructed to decide whether to use the first setting or the second setting based on whether or not specific conditions are met.

[0349] (User Terminal) Figure 22 shows an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

[0350] In this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts of this embodiment are mainly shown, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each part described below may be omitted.

[0351] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the technical field related to this disclosure.

[0352] The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc., using the transmitting / receiving unit 220 and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230. The control unit 210 may generate data to be transmitted as signals, control information, sequences, etc., and transfer them to the transmitting / receiving unit 220.

[0353] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may include a transmission processing unit 2211 and a reception processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure.

[0354] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting / receiving unit, or it may be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may consist of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may consist of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222 and a measuring unit 223.

[0355] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be composed of an antenna described based on common understanding in the art relating to this disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0356] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0357] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0358] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control), etc., on data and control information acquired from the control unit 210 to generate a bit sequence to be transmitted.

[0359] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform transmission processing on the bit sequence to be transmitted, such as channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filtering, DFT processing (if necessary), IFFT processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion, and output a baseband signal.

[0360] Whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the transform precoding settings. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) may perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process to transmit a channel (for example, PUSCH) using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform if transform precoding is enabled for that channel, or it may not perform DFT processing as part of the transmission process if transform precoding is not enabled for that channel.

[0361] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., of the baseband signal to the radio frequency band and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0362] On the other hand, the transmitting / receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filtering, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc., on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0363] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) may apply reception processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filtering, demapping, demodulation, decoding (may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to acquire user data, etc.

[0364] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc., based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

[0365] The measurement unit 223 may derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources may be, for example, Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. The measurement unit 223 may also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources may be at least one of the following: NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. CSI-IM may also be called CSI-Interference Management (IM), and may be interpreted interchangeably with Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS. In this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0366] In this disclosure, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 may be composed of at least one of a transmitting / receiving unit 220 and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230.

[0367] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may receive a first setting (e.g., setting #A) for measuring the object to be measured, and a second setting (e.g., setting #B) for making predictions based on the measurement results of the object to be measured in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain.

[0368] The control unit 210 may decide whether to use the first setting or the second setting based on whether a specific condition (for example, at least one of conditions / events 1-1 to 1-3) is met.

[0369] The aforementioned specific condition may be at least one of the input, exit, and trigger of a specific event within the second setting.

[0370] The control unit 210 does not need to expect that the resources in the second setting will be transmitted.

[0371] The control unit 210 may control the reporting of which of the first setting and the second setting is activated.

[0372] (Hardware Configuration) The block diagram used in the description of the above embodiment shows functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one device that is physically or logically coupled, or it may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are directly or indirectly connected (for example, using wired or wireless connections). A functional block may also be realized by combining the above one device or the above multiple devices with software.

[0373] Here, functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating (mapping), and assigning. For example, a functional block (configuration part) that enables transmission may be called a transmitting unit or transmitter. In all cases, as mentioned above, the method of implementation is not particularly limited.

[0374] For example, a base station, user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that processes the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 23 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0375] In this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or it may be configured without some of the devices.

[0376] For example, although only one processor 1001 is shown in the diagram, there may be multiple processors. Furthermore, the processing may be performed by one processor, or it may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other means. Note that the processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips.

[0377] Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is realized, for example, by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, which allows the processor 1001 to perform calculations and control communication via the communication device 1004, or control at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

[0378] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer, for example, by running an operating system. The processor 1001 may be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc. For example, at least a part of the control unit 110 (210) and the transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0379] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002 and executes various processes accordingly. The program used is one that causes the computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiment. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and running on the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may be implemented similarly.

[0380] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), or other suitable storage medium. The memory 1002 may also be called a register, cache, or main memory. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for carrying out a wireless communication method according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0381] The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium and may consist of at least one of the following: a flexible disk, a floppy disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a Compact Disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a Digital Use Disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (e.g., a card, stick, key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or other suitable storage medium. The storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.

[0382] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting / receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include, for example, a high-frequency switch, duplexer, filter, frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, the above-mentioned transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting / receiving antenna 130 (230), etc., may be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (220) may be implemented with physically or logically separated transmitting unit 120a (220a) and receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0383] The input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from an external source (e.g., a keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that outputs to an external source (e.g., a display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). The input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be configured as an integrated unit (e.g., a touch panel).

[0384] Furthermore, each device, such as the processor 1001 and memory 1002, is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or different buses may be configured for each device.

[0385] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of each functional block may be implemented using such hardware. For example, the processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0386] Furthermore, devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes that provide NF) may also be implemented using the functional block / hardware configuration described above.

[0387] (Variations) Terms used in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Also, a signal may be a message. A reference signal may be abbreviated as RS and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applicable standard. Also, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0388] A wireless frame may consist of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may consist of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0389] Here, the neurology may be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. The neurology may be, for example, at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame configuration, specific filtering processes performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processes performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0390] A slot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain (such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols). Alternatively, a slot may be a time unit based on neurology.

[0391] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Minislots may also be called subslots. Minislots may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using minislots may be called a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0392] Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent units of time when transmitting a signal. Wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols may each be referred to by different names. Furthermore, the units of time such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in this disclosure may be interpreted as interchangeable.

[0393] For example, one subframe may be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, and one slot or one mini-slot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe in existing LTE (1 ms), a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing a TTI may be called a slot, mini-slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0394] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (such as the frequency bandwidth and transmission power available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0395] TTI may be a transmission time unit for channel-encoded data packets (transport blocks), code blocks, code words, etc., or it may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., number of symbols) in which the transport block, code block, code word, etc. are mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0396] Furthermore, if one slot or one mini-slot is referred to as a TTI, then one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more mini-slots) may constitute the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of slots (number of mini-slots) that constitute this minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0397] A TTI with a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, mini slot, sub slot, slot, etc.

[0398] Furthermore, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) may be interpreted as TTIs with a TTI length less than that of a long TTI but 1 ms or more.

[0399] A Resource Block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and in the frequency domain, it may contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be the same regardless of the neurology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB may be determined based on the neurology.

[0400] Furthermore, an RB may contain one or more symbols in the time domain and may have the length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc., may each consist of one or more resource blocks.

[0401] One or more RBs may also be called Physical RBs (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0402] Furthermore, a resource block may consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource area comprising one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0403] A Bandwidth Part (BWP), also known as a partial bandwidth, may represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) for a given neurology in a given carrier. These common RBs may be identified by an index of the RBs relative to a common reference point of the carrier. The PRBs may be defined and numbered within a given BWP.

[0404] A BWP may include UL BWP (BWP for UL) and DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within a single carrier for a UE.

[0405] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the UE does not need to assume that it will transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside of the active BWP. In this disclosure, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" may be read as "BWP".

[0406] The structures of wireless frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols described above are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a wireless frame, the number of slots per subframe or wireless frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, and the number of symbols, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length within the TTI can be varied in various ways.

[0407] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or corresponding other information. For example, wireless resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.

[0408] The names used for parameters and other elements in this disclosure are not restrictive in any way. Furthermore, mathematical formulas and other elements using these parameters may differ from those expressly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not restrictive in any way.

[0409] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of the various different techniques. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0410] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output from upper layers to lower layers and from lower layers to upper layers, or to at least one of the two. Information, signals, etc., may also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0411] Input and output information and signals may be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information and signals may be overwritten, updated, or appended to. Output information and signals may be deleted. Input information and signals may be transmitted to other devices.

[0412] Any information described in this disclosure (e.g., variables, constants, parameters) may be communicated from any first device (e.g., UE / base station) to any second device (e.g., base station / UE) that indicates / specifies (or relates to) the value of such any information, even if not specifically stated in the embodiments described above.

[0413] Information notification is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be carried out by other means. For example, information notification in this disclosure may be carried out by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof.

[0414] Physical layer signaling may also be called Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. RRC signaling may also be called RRC messages, for example, RRC Connection Setup messages, RRC Connection Reconfiguration messages, etc. MAC signaling may also be communicated using, for example, MAC Control Elements (CEs).

[0415] Furthermore, notification of the specified information (for example, notification that "X is the case") is not limited to explicit notification, but may also be made implicitly (for example, by not notifying the specified information or by notifying other information).

[0416] The determination may be made by a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), by a boolean value represented as true or false, or by a numerical comparison (for example, a comparison with a predetermined value).

[0417] Software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, and so on, whether they are called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description languages, or by any other name.

[0418] Furthermore, software, instructions, information, etc., may be transmitted and received via a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) and wireless technology (such as infrared or microwave), then at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included in the definition of a transmission medium.

[0419] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. “Network” may also mean the equipment included in the network (e.g., base stations).

[0420] In this disclosure, terms such as “precoding,” “precoder,” “weight (precoding weight),” “quasi-co-location (QCL),” “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state),” “spatial relation,” “spatial domain filter,” “transmit power,” “phase rotation,” “antenna port,” “layer,” “number of layers,” “rank,” “resource,” “resource set,” “beam,” “beam width,” “beam angle,” “antenna,” “antenna element,” “panel,” “UE panel,” “transmitting entity,” and “receiving entity” may be used interchangeably.

[0421] In this disclosure, "antenna port" may be interpreted interchangeably with "antenna port for any signal / channel" (e.g., a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port). In this disclosure, "resource" may be interpreted interchangeably with "resource for any signal / channel" (e.g., a reference signal resource, an SRS resource, etc.). Resources may include time / frequency / code / spatial / power resources. Furthermore, a spatial domain transmit filter may include at least one of a spatial domain transmit filter and a spatial domain receive filter.

[0422] The above group may include, for example, at least one of the following: a spatial relationship group, a code division multiplexing (CDM) group, a reference signal (RS) group, a control resource set (CORESET) group, a PUCCH group, an antenna port group (e.g., a DMRS port group), a layer group, a resource group, a beam group, an antenna group, or a panel group.

[0423] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), and RS may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0424] Furthermore, in this disclosure, TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, joint TCI state, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0425] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL," "QCL assumption," "QCL relationship," "QCL type information," "QCL property / properties," "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D) properties," and "specific QCL type (e.g., Type A, Type D)" may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0426] In this disclosure, terms such as index, identifier (ID), indicator, indication, and resource ID may be interpreted interchangeably. In this disclosure, terms such as sequence, list, set, group, cluster, subset may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0427] Furthermore, the spatial relationship information Identifier (ID) (TCI state ID) and spatial relationship information (TCI state) may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. "Spatial relationship information (TCI state)" may be interpreted as mutually exclusive as "a set of spatial relationship information (TCI state)," "one or more pieces of spatial relationship information," etc. TCI state and TCI may be interpreted as mutually exclusive. Spatial relationship information and spatial relationship may be interpreted as mutually exclusive.

[0428] In this disclosure, terms such as “Base Station (BS),” “wireless base station,” “fixed station,” “NodeB,” “eNB (eNodeB),” “gNB (gNodeB),” “access point,” “Transmission Point (TP),” “Reception Point (RP),” “Transmission / Reception Point (TRP),” “panel,” “cell,” “sector,” “cell group,” “carrier,” and “component carrier” may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0429] A base station may house one or more (e.g., three) cells. If a base station houses multiple cells, the entire coverage area of ​​the base station may be divided into several smaller areas, each of which may also be provided with communication services by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). The terms “cell” or “sector” refer to part or all of the coverage area of ​​at least one of the base station and / or base station subsystems that provide communication services in that coverage.

[0430] In this disclosure, the transmission of information by a base station to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to perform a control / operation based on said information.

[0431] In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" may be used interchangeably.

[0432] A mobile station may also be called a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate term.

[0433] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0434] The term "mobile object" refers to any movable object, regardless of its speed, and naturally includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of such mobile objects include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcarts, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items carried on them. Furthermore, such mobile objects may be autonomously driven objects operating based on operational commands.

[0435] The mobile entity may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane), an unmanned mobile entity (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0436] Figure 24 shows an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, a pneumatic pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0437] The drive unit 41 consists of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, or an engine-motor hybrid. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle) and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0438] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and communication ports (e.g., input / output (IO) ports) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 installed in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be called an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).

[0439] Signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 for sensing motor current, rotational speed signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by rotational speed sensor 51, air pressure signals of front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 acquired by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals acquired by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals acquired by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal depression amount signals acquired by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal depression amount signals acquired by brake pedal sensor 56, operation signals of shift lever 45 acquired by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals acquired by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0440] The information service unit 59 consists of various devices for providing (outputting) various types of information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, including a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information acquired from external devices via a communication module 60 or the like to provide various types of information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0441] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that perform output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

[0442] The driver assistance system unit 64 consists of various devices that provide functions to prevent accidents or reduce the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning locators (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) maps), gyro systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driver assistance system unit 64 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60 to realize driver assistance functions or autonomous driving functions.

[0443] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) via the communication port 63 to the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40.

[0444] The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, it can send and receive various types of information to and from external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10 or the user terminal 20 described above. Alternatively, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

[0445] The communication module 60 may transmit at least one of the following to an external device via wireless communication: signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on said signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., may also be called input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include the information based on the above input.

[0446] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device and displays it on the information service unit 59 installed in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be called an output unit, which outputs information (for example, it outputs information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60).

[0447] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various pieces of information received from an external device in the memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 may control the drive unit 41, the steering unit 42, the accelerator pedal 43, the brake pedal 44, the shift lever 45, the left and right front wheels 46, the left and right rear wheels 47, the axle 48, and the various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle 40.

[0448] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be replaced with a user terminal for interpretation. For example, each aspect / embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between a plurality of user terminals (which may be referred to as, for example, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the user terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions that the above-described base station 10 has. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be replaced with terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink") for interpretation. For example, an uplink channel, a downlink channel, etc. may be replaced with a sidelink channel for interpretation.

[0449] Similarly, a user terminal in the present disclosure may be replaced with a base station for interpretation. In this case, the base station 10 may be configured to have the functions that the above-described user terminal 20 has.

[0450] In the present disclosure, operations described as being performed by a base station may in some cases be performed by an upper node thereof. In a network including one or more network nodes that have a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal can obviously be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, but not limited to, Mobility Management Entity (MME), Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc.), or a combination thereof.

[0451] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used individually, in combination, or switched between as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be rearranged in order, provided they are consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present various step elements using exemplary order and are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0452] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure is Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (where x is, for example, an integer or decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM®), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi®), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX®), IEEE 802.20, systems utilizing Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth®, or other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems extended, modified, created, or defined based thereon may also be applied. Furthermore, multiple systems may be applied in combination (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G).

[0453] Unless otherwise specified, the phrase "based on" as used in the present disclosure does not mean "based solely on". In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based solely on" and "based at least on".

[0454] Any reference to elements using designations such as "first", "second", etc. as used in the present disclosure does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in the present disclosure as a convenient method to distinguish between two or more elements. Therefore, a reference to a first element and a second element does not mean that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any manner.

[0455] The term "determining" as used in the present disclosure may encompass a wide variety of operations. For example, "determining" may be considered as including judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (i.e., search, inquiry) (for example, looking up in a table, database or another data structure), ascertaining, and the like.

[0456] Furthermore, "determining" may also be considered as including receiving (for example, receiving information), transmitting (for example, transmitting information), input, output, accessing (for example, accessing data in a memory), and the like.

[0457] Furthermore, “judgment (decision)” may be considered as “judgment (decision)” of resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. In other words, “judgment (decision)” may be considered as “judgment (decision)” of some action. In this disclosure, “judgment (decision)” may be interpreted as mutually interchangeable with the actions described above.

[0458] Furthermore, in this disclosure, “determine / determining” may be interpreted as “assume / assuming,” “expect / expecting,” or “consider / considering.” In addition, in this disclosure, “not expecting to do…” may be interpreted as “expecting not to do….”

[0459] In this disclosure, "expect" may be rephrased as "be expected." For example, "expect(s) ..." (where "..." may be expressed as a that clause, an infinitive, etc.) may be rephrased as "be expected ..." or "do (the verb without "to" if "..." is an infinitive)." Similarly, "does not expect ..." may be rephrased as "be not expected ..." or "do not (the verb without "to" if "..." is an infinitive)." Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected ..." may be rephrased as "An apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect ... from apparatus A" (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B may be a base station).

[0460] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure may mean the maximum transmit power, the nominal UE maximum transmit power, or the rated UE maximum transmit power.

[0461] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” and any variations thereof mean any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are “connected” or “coupled” with each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connection” may be replaced with “access.”

[0462] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they can be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., and, in some non-exclusive and non-exclusive examples, electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency domain, microwave domain, and optical (both visible and invisible) domain.

[0463] In this disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combine" may be interpreted similarly to "different."

[0464] Where the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are intended to be inclusive, as is the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” as used in this disclosure is not intended to mean exclusive OR.

[0465] In this disclosure, if articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, this disclosure may include the fact that the noun following these articles is plural.

[0466] In this disclosure, "less than or equal to," "less than," "greater than or equal to," "more than," and "equal to" may be interpreted interchangeably. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees. In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "big," "small," "high," "low," "early," "slow," "wide," and "narrow" may be interpreted interchangeably, not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, by adding "i-th" (where i is any integer) to the expression (for example, "highest" may be interpreted interchangeably with "i-th highest").

[0467] In this disclosure, "of," "for," "regarding," "related to," and "associated with" may be interpreted as being interchangeable.

[0468] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "B in response to A", "B based on A", "B during / while A", "B before A", "B at (the same time as) / on A", "B after A", "B since A", and "B until A" may be interchangeable. Furthermore, A, B, etc., may be replaced with appropriate expressions such as nouns, gerunds, or regular sentences depending on the context. The time difference between A and B may be approximately zero (immediately after or immediately before). Additionally, a time offset may be applied to the time when A occurs. For example, "A" may be interpreted as "before / after the time offset when A occurs". The time offset (e.g., one or more symbols / slots) may be predetermined or determined by the UE based on notified information.

[0469] In this disclosure, timing, time, duration, time instance, any unit of time (e.g., slot, subslot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc., may be interpreted interchangeably.

[0470] Although the invention described herein has been explained in detail above, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the invention described herein is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The descriptions herein are illustrative and not intended to be restrictive in any way to the invention described herein.

Claims

1. A terminal having a receiving unit that receives a first setting for measuring a target to be measured and a second setting for prediction based on the measurement results of the target to be measured in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain, and a control unit that determines whether to use the first setting or the second setting based on whether specific conditions are met.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the specific condition is at least one of the input, exit, and trigger of a specific event in the second setting.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit does not expect resources in the second setting to be transmitted.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls reporting which of the first setting and the second setting is activated.

5. A wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising the steps of: receiving a first setting for measuring an object to be measured and a second setting for predicting the object to be measured based on the measurement results of the object in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain; and determining whether to use the first setting or the second setting based on whether specific conditions are met.

6. A base station having a transmitting unit that transmits a first setting for measuring a target to be measured and a second setting for predicting the target to be measured based on the measurement results in at least one of the time domain, frequency domain, and spatial domain, and a controlling unit that instructs the unit to decide which of the first setting and the second setting to use based on whether or not specific conditions are met.

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