Antiviral agent, and antiviral agent having antiviral activity and antibacterial activity

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of finding a novel active ingredient having antiviral activity, and providing a novel antiviral agent excellent in terms of viral inhibition as well as antibacterial effect in addition to the viral inhibition. More specifically, provided is an antiviral agent containing a C3-6 sugar acid and / or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.

Description

Antiviral agents and antiviral agents having antiviral and antibacterial activity

[0001] The present invention relates to an antiviral agent, an antiviral agent having viral and antibacterial activity, an antiviral product, an antiviral and antibacterial product, a method for suppressing viruses for use other than in humans, and a method for producing an antiviral processed article.

[0002] Viral infections such as influenza and norovirus have repeatedly caused outbreaks, and because these viruses cause severe symptoms such as high fever, severe vomiting, and diarrhea, consumers are highly conscious of infection prevention. Therefore, there is a growing demand for not only anti-pest control properties (antibacterial, antifungal, anti-algal, etc.) but also antiviral properties in everyday consumer goods. However, while conventionally known disinfectants such as ethanol preparations have been reported to be effective against the enveloped virus, the novel coronavirus, within the ethanol concentration range specified by the pharmacopoeia, the antiviral properties are lost once the ethanol evaporates from the applied surface, resulting in a lack of sustained effectiveness. This necessitates repeated spraying or coating of the treated object. Furthermore, there is a concern that the treated object may deteriorate, making application difficult in some cases. Therefore, although it has been reported that combining quaternary ammonium salts with ethanol can enhance antiviral activity (e.g., Patent Documents 1 and 2), there have been no reports of a new antiviral agent that possesses excellent antiviral properties capable of efficiently inactivating viruses in a short time and maintaining antiviral properties in a solid state. Furthermore, no drug possessing both antiviral and antibacterial activity has yet been discovered.

[0003] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-032131 Japanese Patent Publication No. 2022-029409

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a new antiviral agent that has a novel active ingredient with antiviral activity, exhibits excellent virus-suppressing effects, and also has excellent antibacterial effects in addition to its virus-suppressing effects.

[0005] The inventors conducted extensive research to solve the above problems and discovered that sugar acids with 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or their salts exhibit excellent virus-inhibiting effects. Furthermore, they found that galactaric acid and / or its salts, which are sugar acids derived from galactose, exhibit not only virus-inhibiting effects but also antibacterial effects, thus solving the above problems.

[0006] The present invention is specifically summarized as follows: 1. An antiviral agent comprising a sugar acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or a salt thereof as an active ingredient. 2. The antiviral agent according to 1, wherein the sugar acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is galactaric acid. 3. The antiviral agent according to 2, characterized in that it has antibacterial activity in addition to antiviral activity. 4. An antiviral product containing the antiviral agent according to 1 or 2. 5. An antiviral and antibacterial product containing the antiviral agent according to 3. 6. A method for suppressing viruses using the antiviral agent according to any one of items 1 to 3 for use on non-humans. 7. A method for producing an antivirally treated article, comprising incorporating the antiviral agent according to any one of items 1 to 3 into the article or coating it on the surface of the article. 8. An antiviral and pest control composition containing galactaric acid and / or a salt thereof and a pest control agent. 9. An antiviral and pest control product containing the antiviral and pest control composition described in 10.8. A method for producing an article that has been treated with antiviral and pest control, comprising incorporating the antiviral and pest control composition described in 10.8 into the article or coating it on the surface of the article. 11. An antimicrobial agent containing galactaric acid and / or its salt as an active ingredient.

[0007] The antiviral agent of the present invention uses a sugar acid with 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or its salt as an active ingredient, which is highly safe and useful because it exhibits excellent virus-suppressing effects. In particular, when galactaric acid and / or its salt is used as the active ingredient, which does not raise concerns about skin irritation, it exhibits excellent virus-suppressing and / or antibacterial effects and is therefore extremely useful. Even when the antiviral agent of the present invention is used in a paint coating, it exhibits excellent virus-suppressing effects, so when applied to various industrial products and materials, it can impart safe virus-suppressing effects. When galactaric acid is the active ingredient, it exhibits excellent virus-suppressing and / or excellent antibacterial effects, so when applied to various industrial products and materials, it can impart safe virus-suppressing and / or excellent antibacterial effects. Furthermore, when galactaric acid and / or its salt is used as the active ingredient in the present invention, when used in combination with known pest control agents, it exhibits a synergistic pest control effect that exceeds the additive effect, so the amount of known pest control agents used can be reduced, making it extremely useful.

[0008] The following describes in detail the antiviral agent, antiviral product, antiviral and antibacterial product, virus suppression method for use in non-humans, and method for producing antiviral processed articles of the present invention. Furthermore, when the active ingredient of the present invention is galactaric acid and / or its salt, an antiviral and pest control composition for use in combination with a known pest control agent will be described in detail.

[0009] <Sugar Acids Having 3 to 6 C-F and / or Salts Thereof> The antiviral agent of the present invention contains sugar acids having 3 to 6 C-F and / or salts thereof as an active ingredient. Furthermore, the active ingredient of the present invention includes hydrates, L-isomers and D-isomers or mixtures thereof of sugar acids having 3 to 6 C-F, as well as any compound having a chemical structure that can be understood as a sugar acid having 3 to 6 C-F. In the present invention, sugar acids refer to organic compounds in which one or more of the oxygen functional groups of a monosaccharide are oxidized to carboxyl groups, and include those classified as aldonic acids, uronic acids, and aldal acids. Aldonic acids include glyceric acid (3 carbon atoms), xylonic acid (5 carbon atoms), gluconic acid (6 carbon atoms), galactonic acid (6 carbon atoms), and ascorbic acid (6 carbon atoms). Uronic acids include glucuronic acid (6 carbon atoms), galacturonic acid (6 carbon atoms), and iduronic acid (6 carbon atoms). Aldaric acids include erythralic acid (4 carbon atoms), galactaric acid (6 carbon atoms), and glucaric acid (6 carbon atoms). Examples of sugar acid salts in the present invention include sodium salts, potassium salts, ammonium salts, and zinc salts. The active ingredient of the antiviral agent of the present invention can be one or more sugar acids and / or salts thereof having 3 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0010] <Galactaric acid and / or its salts> As the active ingredient of the antiviral agent of the present invention, galactaric acid and / or its salts are preferred in that they possess not only antiviral activity but also antibacterial activity. Galactaric acid consists of a formyl group (-CHO) at the 1 position of galactose and a hydroxymethyl group (-CH) at the terminal end of the main chain. ２ Galactaric acid is a dicarboxylic acid having the following chemical structure, in which both OH) groups are carboxyl groups, and is a compound obtained by nitrate oxidation of galactose. Although galactaric acid exists in L- and D-forms, the L- and D-forms, mixtures thereof, and any compound having the following chemical structure are included as active ingredients in the present invention. Galactaric acid is an ingredient permitted for use in cosmetics as a chelating agent. In addition to its chelating effect, it also has the effect of prolonging the life of skin cells, and therefore many cosmetics containing galactaric acid are sold. In other words, galactaric acid is a highly safe substance with no concerns regarding skin irritation or damage. The agent for use as an antiviral and / or antibacterial agent of the present invention uses galactaric acid as an active ingredient, which is highly safe, especially since there are no concerns regarding skin irritation. Therefore, products containing the antiviral agent of the present invention can also be made into highly safe products. Examples of galactaric acid salts include sodium galactarate, disodium galactarate, potassium sodium galactarate, dipotassium galactarate, diammonium galactarate, and zinc galactarate.

[0011] <Target Viruses> The target viruses of the antiviral agent of the present invention are not particularly limited, but examples include: influenza virus (e.g., type A, type B, etc.), rubella virus, Ebola virus, coronavirus, measles virus, varicella-zoster virus, herpes virus, mumps virus, arbovirus, RSV virus, SARS virus, hepatitis virus (e.g., hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus, hepatitis E virus, etc.), yellow fever virus, HIV, rabies virus, hantavirus, dengue virus, nipah virus, lyssavirus, and other enveloped viruses (viruses having an envelope); and non-enveloped viruses (viruses without an envelope) such as adenovirus, norovirus, rotavirus, feline calicivirus, human papillomavirus, poliovirus, enterovirus, coxsackievirus, human parvovirus, encephalomyocarditis virus, rhinovirus, etc. Viruses possess genes, which are contained within an outer shell protein called a capsid. Therefore, viruses are broadly classified according to whether their genes are DNA or RNA, and further classified into those with and without an envelope covering the capsid. Specifically, herpes viruses are examples of viruses with DNA genes and an envelope, adenoviruses are examples of viruses with DNA genes and no envelope, influenza viruses are examples of viruses with RNA genes and an envelope, and noroviruses, feline caliciviruses, and polioviruses are examples of viruses with RNA genes and no envelope. The antiviral agent of the present invention can be suitably used to suppress enveloped viruses and non-enveloped viruses. In terms of efficacy, application to the suppression of enveloped viruses is more preferable, and application to the suppression of influenza viruses is even more preferable.

[0012] <Target Microorganisms> In the present invention, when galactaric acid and / or its salts are used as the active ingredient, not only is there an excellent virus-inhibiting effect, but an antibacterial effect is also exhibited. The target microorganisms for which the antibacterial activity is exhibited refer to bacteria, and do not include fungi such as molds, yeasts, and wood-rotting fungi, or algae. Examples of bacteria include Gram-negative bacilli such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia marcescens; Gram-positive bacilli such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium species; Gram-negative cocci such as Branhamella; and Gram-positive cocci such as Staphylococcus aureus.

[0013] <Formulation> The antiviral agent of the present invention, in addition to the active ingredient of a sugar acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or its salt, can be made into various formulations by dissolving, dispersing, etc., in various carriers such as liquid carriers and solid carriers, depending on the purpose and application, within a range that does not affect the virus suppression effect, antibacterial effect, and stability. Examples include liquid formulations such as wettable powders, suspensions, dispersants, emulsions, and oils; solid formulations such as powders, granules, microcapsules, microspheres, flowables, and foaming agents; semi-solid formulations such as pastes and creams; sprays and aerosols; and paints, which can be appropriately selected according to the purpose of use and application conditions. These formulations can be manufactured by conventional methods. The content of the active ingredient, a sugar acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or a salt thereof, in the antiviral agent of the present invention may be adjusted according to the desired virus-suppressing effect, and in the case where the active ingredient is galactaric acid and / or a salt thereof, according to the virus-suppressing effect and antibacterial effect, and is not particularly limited, but for example it can be 0.0001 to 100% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 50% by weight.

[0014] The liquid carriers that can be used in the present invention include water; lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol; polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (methyl carbitol), ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (ethyl carbitol), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (butyl carbitol), diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and triethylene glycol butyl ether; acetone, methyl ethyl Examples of liquid carriers include ketones such as ketones, methyl isobutyl ketone, and propylene carbonate; ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and ethyl ether; esters such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, γ-butyrolactone, dimethyl adipate, dimethyl glutarate, and dimethyl succinate; aromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene, methylnaphthalene, dimethylnaphthalene, isopropylnaphthalene, diisopropylnaphthalene, ethyl biphenyl, diethyl biphenyl, and solvent naphtha; halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and methylene chloride; and polar organic solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile, and N-methylpyrrolidone. These liquid carriers may be used individually or in combination of two or more. Among these liquid carriers, water, ketones such as propylene carbonate, lower alcohols, and polyhydric alcohols are preferably used.

[0015] Examples of solid carriers that can be used in the present invention include diatomaceous earth, mica, clay, kaolin, talc, silica, bentonite, talc powder, pyrophyllite powder, and other talc-based materials, as well as mineral powders such as fine clay and calcium carbonate; sulfur powder; urea powder; plant-based powders such as wood flour and starch; and various carriers commonly used as agents for antiviral and / or antibacterial purposes. These solid carriers are also often used as fillers. These solid carriers can be used individually or in mixtures of two or more. The aerosol agent can be manufactured by diluting the active ingredient, a sugar acid and / or salt thereof having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with a suitable solvent as needed, and filling it into a container together with a propellant. Examples of solvents include the liquid carriers exemplified above. Examples of propellants include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and liquefied natural gas.

[0016] The antiviral agent of the present invention may contain various additives as needed, depending on the type of formulation, such as stabilizers such as antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers; binders; resins having film-forming ability; emulsifiers, dispersants, spreading agents, wetting agents, penetrating agents; thickeners; flow aids; anti-caking agents; flocculants; ultraviolet scattering agents; water removal agents; colorants, etc.

[0017] Examples of antioxidants include phenolic antioxidants such as 4,4'-thiobis-6-t-butyl-3-methylphenol, butylated hydroxyanisole (a mixture of 2-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol and 3-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol), p-octylphenol, mono(or di or tri)-(α-methylbenzyl)phenol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT), and pentaerythrityl tetrakis[3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)]propionate; amine antioxidants such as N,N'-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine; hydroquinoline antioxidants such as 2,5-di(t-amyl)hydroquinoline; sulfur-based antioxidants such as dilaurylthiodipropionate; and phosphorus-based antioxidants such as triphenyl phosphite. Examples of UV absorbers include benzotriazole compounds such as 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and 2-(2'-hydroxy-4'-n-octoxyphenyl)benzotriazole; benzophenone compounds such as 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-n-octoxybenzophenone; salicylic acid compounds such as phenyl salicylate and p-t-butylphenyl salicylate; 2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, bisanilide 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl oxalate, and dimethyl-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine polycondensate. Examples of binders include sodium carboxymethylcellulose salt, methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, dextrin, pregelatinized starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium ligninsulfonate, and potassium ligninsulfonate.Examples of resins having film-forming ability include thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene, polyolefins such as polypropylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic resins, polyvinyl chloride, styrene resins, fluororesins, chlorinated polyolefins, alkyd resins, polyamides, and polyesters; and thermosetting resins such as phenolic resins, urea resins, melamine resins, furan resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and epoxy resins. These resins include all forms, such as solvent-based and emulsion-based types.

[0018] Conventional surfactants such as anionic surfactants and nonionic surfactants can be used as emulsifiers, dispersants, spreading agents, wetting agents, and penetrating agents. Examples of anionic surfactants include metal soaps, sulfate esters such as alkyl sodium sulfate, alkylbenzene sulfonates such as alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates such as alkylnaphthalene sulfonate (e.g., manufactured by Takemoto Oil Co., Ltd., trade name New Calgen BX-C), dialkyl 2-sulfosuccinate salts such as dialkyl sodium 2-sulfosuccinate (e.g., manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., trade name Neocol SW-C), polycarboxylic acid type surfactants (e.g., manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name Toxanon GR-30), α-olefin sulfonates, polyoxyethylene distyrenated phenyl ether sulfate ammonium salt (e.g., manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., trade name Dixzol 60A), sodium ligninsulfonate, and potassium ligninsulfonate. Examples of nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ethers (e.g., Noigen (EA-142), manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), polyoxyethylene aryl ethers, fatty acid polyhydric alcohol esters, fatty acid polyhydric alcohol polyoxyethylene, sucrose fatty acid esters, and block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (e.g., Newpol PE-64, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.). Examples of thickeners include polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid and its salts, and examples of flow aids include PAP aids (e.g., isopropyl phosphoric acid), waxes, polyethylene, fatty acid metal salts, paraffin, organic lubricants such as silicone oil, and inorganic lubricants such as talc. Examples of anticaking agents include white carbon, diatomaceous earth, magnesium stearate, aluminum oxide, and titanium dioxide. Examples of flocculants include liquid paraffin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and isobutylene polymer (e.g., Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., trade name IP Solvent-2835). Examples of ultraviolet scattering agents include titanium dioxide.Examples of moisture-removing agents include desiccants such as anhydrous gypsum and silica gel powder. Coloring agents include, for example, organic or inorganic pigments and dyes.

[0019] The antiviral agent of the present invention can be widely used in various fields requiring virus suppression. For example, it can be used in various fields such as industry, livestock farming, cleaning, medical care, nursing care, food, and cosmetics to not only suppress viruses but also exhibit antibacterial effects. In particular, the antiviral agent of the present invention is suitable for industrial use, livestock farming (such as poultry farms), and nursing care settings. More specific uses of the antiviral agent of the present invention include application to non-human objects (e.g., articles), specifically, by incorporating it into articles, coating it on the surface, and by spraying, misting, applying, or wiping it onto target locations or areas in livestock farming, medical care, nursing care, etc. This allows for antiviral processing / treatment of articles and target locations or areas. In other words, it exerts a virus-suppressing effect against viruses already attached to articles, target locations, or areas, and also against viruses that will be attached to articles, target locations, or areas in the future. Furthermore, it can exert a virus-suppressing effect against viruses already attached to, or that will be attached to, other articles, locations, or areas that will come into contact with the said article, target location, or area. Conventional known antiviral agents often contain active ingredients that raise safety concerns, and articles containing these ingredients have problems such as skin irritation from contact. However, since the antiviral agent of the present invention uses a highly safe sugar acid as its active ingredient, articles treated with the antiviral agent of the present invention can also be made highly safe. Moreover, the antiviral agent of the present invention is extremely useful because it is also highly safe for people who perform treatments such as spraying.

[0020] When galactaric acid and / or its salts are used as the active ingredient in the antiviral agent of the present invention, it can be widely used in various fields requiring virus suppression and / or antibacterial effects. For example, it can be used in various fields such as industry, livestock farming, cleaning, medical care, nursing care, food, and cosmetics to not only suppress viruses but also exhibit antibacterial effects. In particular, it is preferable to use it as an agent for antiviral and / or antibacterial purposes in industrial applications, livestock farms such as poultry farms, and nursing care settings. More specific uses of galactaric acid and / or its salts as the active ingredient in the antiviral agent of the present invention include application to non-human objects (e.g., articles, etc.), specifically, by incorporating it into articles, coating it on the surface of articles, and by spraying, misting, applying, or wiping it onto target locations or areas in livestock farming, medical care, nursing care, etc. This allows for simultaneous antiviral processing / treatment and antibacterial processing / treatment of articles and target locations or areas. In other words, it exerts a viral inhibitory effect and / or antibacterial effect against viruses and fungi already attached to articles or target locations, and also exerts a viral inhibitory effect and / or antibacterial effect against viruses and fungi that will be attached to articles or target locations in the future. Furthermore, it can exert a viral inhibitory effect and / or antibacterial effect against viruses and fungi already attached to, or that will be attached to, other articles, locations, or places that will come into contact with the said article or target location. Conventional known antiviral and / or antibacterial agents often contain active ingredients that raise safety concerns, and articles containing these ingredients have had problems such as skin irritation from contact. However, when galactaric acid and / or its salts are used as the active ingredient of the antiviral agent of the present invention, galactaric acid is a highly safe substance that does not raise concerns about skin irritation or damage, so articles that have been treated with antiviral and / or antibacterial processing can be highly safe, and are also highly safe and extremely useful for people who perform treatments such as spraying.

[0021] Articles in this invention include industrial products and their raw materials used in various fields, as well as those used in various fields such as livestock farming, medical care, nursing care, food, and cosmetics. Specific examples include paints, adhesives, synthetic rubber latex, inks, polyvinyl alcohol films, vinyl chloride films, resin products, gypsum boards, roofing materials, wall materials, flooring materials, joinery, coated paper, wallpaper, exterior floor coverings, office automation equipment, home appliances, air conditioning equipment, vacuum cleaners, desks, chairs, sofas, benches, windows, straps, handles, seats, automatic ticket gates, automatic ticket vending machines, vending machines, doors, fences, handrails, tableware, cooking utensils, packaging films, packaging bags, bottles, containers, packaging packs, sinks, toilets, stationery, books, shelves, toothbrushes, mirrors, filters, masks, etc. Examples of articles in this invention include trousers, jackets, trousers, skirts, dress shirts, knit shirts, blouses, sweaters, cardigans, nightwear, underwear, diapers, supporters, socks, tights, stockings, hats, scarves, mufflers, neck wraps, stoles, gloves, clothing linings, clothing interlinings, clothing padding, work clothes, uniforms, school uniforms, and other clothing items, as well as curtains, screen doors, bedding fabrics, bedding cotton, bedding covers, pillowcases, sheets, mats, carpets, towels, handkerchiefs, wall coverings, bandages, plasters, gauze, cosmetics, and composite materials thereof. Industrial products are preferred as articles in this invention.

[0022] "Incorporating into an article" is not particularly limited as long as the article contains a sugar acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, which is the active ingredient of the present invention, and / or a salt thereof (preferably, an embodiment in which the active ingredient of the present invention is present on the surface of the article), and can be appropriately selected depending on the type of article. Examples of formulations include mixing into an article, kneading into an article during the manufacturing process of an article, and impregnating an article (for example, an article made of a fiber aggregate).

[0023] "Coating the surface of an article" is not particularly limited as long as the active ingredient of the present invention, a sugar acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or its salt, is present on the surface of the article, and can be appropriately selected depending on the type of article. Examples of coating methods include applying to the surface of the article, spraying onto the surface of the article, and immersing the surface of the article. The coating methods include both methods in which the active ingredient of the present invention, a sugar acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or its salt, is fixed to the surface of the article, and methods in which it is not fixed. In addition to "coating the surface of an article," the antiviral agent of the present invention can also be suitably used in diluted or undiluted form when spraying, misting, applying, wiping, etc., on places or areas where antiviral treatment is intended in livestock farming, medical care, nursing care, etc. This is useful because it allows antiviral treatment to be applied to the target place or area. In addition, when galactaric acid and / or its salts are used as the active ingredient in the antiviral agent of the present invention, it can be suitably used not only for "coating on the surface of articles," but also when applied in diluted or undiluted form to places or areas where antiviral and / or antibacterial treatment is desired, such as in livestock farming, medical care, and nursing care settings. This is useful because it allows for simultaneous antiviral and / or antibacterial treatment of the target places or areas.

[0024] The amount of the antiviral agent of the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the manner of use, the type of article to which it is applied, the period for which the virus-suppressing effect is expected, etc. For example, when incorporated into industrial products, there are no particular restrictions, but it is preferable to incorporate 10 mg or more of the active ingredient of sugar acid and / or its salt having 3 to 6 carbon atoms per 1 kg of industrial product, with a maximum of 300 g. Furthermore, when using galactaric acid and / or its salt as the active ingredient of the antiviral agent of the present invention, it can be appropriately selected depending on the manner of use, the type of article to which it is applied, the period for which the virus-suppressing effect and antibacterial effect are expected, etc. For example, when incorporated into industrial products, there are no particular restrictions, but it is preferable to incorporate 10 mg or more of the active ingredient of galactaric acid and / or its salt per 1 kg of industrial product, with a maximum of 300 g.

[0025] When galactaric acid and / or its salts are used as the active ingredient in the antiviral agent of the present invention, by using them in combination with known pest control agents to form an antiviral and pest control composition, a synergistic pest control effect exceeding the additive effect can be achieved, thereby reducing the amount of known pest control agents used. The pest control agents in the present invention include known antifungal and antiseptic agents, antibacterial agents, antialgal agents, insecticides, and pest repellents. As an antiseptic and antifungal agent, which is one of the pest control agents in the present invention, isothiazoline-based: 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (H-MIT), 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (Cl-MIT), 1,2-benzothiazolin-3-one (BIT), 2-butyl-1,2-benzoisothiazol-3-one (B-BIT), 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (OIT), 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octylisothiazol-3-one (DCOIT), etc., organobromine-based: 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol (BNPD), 2,2-dibromo-2-nitro-1-ethanol (DBNE), bis(1,4-bromoacetoxy)-2-butene (BBAB), 1, 2-Bis(bromoacetoxy)ethane (BBAE), etc., Benzimidazole derivatives: Carbendazim (1H-benzimidazole-2-ylcarbamate methyl, MBC), Thiabendazole (2-(1,3-thiazole-4-yl)-1H-benzimidazole, TBZ), Benomyl, Thiaphanate-methyl, etc., Azole derivatives: Imazalil, Tebuconazole, Hexaconazole, Propiconazole, Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Policonazole, Posaconazole, Isubconazole, etc., Iodine derivatives: N-butylcarbamate 3-iodo-2-propynyl (IPBC), Diiodomethyl-p-tolylsulfone (DMTS), Iodoacetamide (IAA), etc., Cationic derivatives: Benzalkonium chloride, Dimer 38 (N,N'-Hexamethylenebis(4-carbamoyl-1-decylpyridinium bromide), benzethonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride, didecylmethylammonium chloride, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, myristoltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, dimethyldioctylammonium chloride, trimethylbenzylammonium chloride, trimethylammonium chloride, etc., Biguanide derivatives: poly(hexamethylenebiguanidine) hydrochloride (PH Pyrithione-based: Zinc pyrithione (ZPT), sodium pyrithione (NaPT), copper pyrithione (CuPT), iron pyrithione (FePT), magnesium pyrithione (MgPT), calcium pyrithione (CaPT), etc. Thiocyanate-based: (2-(thiocyanate methylthio)-1,3-benzothiazole) (TCMTB), methylene bisthiocyanate (MBTC), etc. Cyanide-based: 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilopropionamide (DBNPA), chlorothalonyl, etc. Paraben-based: Methylparaben, ethylparaben Parabens, propylparabens, butylparabens, isopropylparabens, isobutylparabens, hexylparabens (NHPB), benzylparabens, phenylparabens, etc. Glycol-based: phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin, caprylyl glycol, hexylene glycol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,2-octanediol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, isoprene glycol, etc. Phenolic-based: chlorphenesin, o-cymen-5-ol, triclosan, hinokitiol, thymol, phenylparabens, etc. Osol (isopropylmethylphenol), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, chlorooxylenol (PCMX), orthophenylphenol (OPP), paraphenylphenol (PPP), etc., Dimethylphenyl sulfamide series: diclofluanide, tolfluanide, dimethylphenyl sulfamide, etc., Organic acid series: benzoic acid, sorbic acid, propionic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, maleic acid, salicylic acid, gallic acid, dehydroacetic acid, p-aminobenzoic acid, etc., Higher alcohol series: 1-decanol, 1-undecanol, 1,Examples include 2-dodecanediol, 2-dodecanol, and aldehydes such as glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde.

[0026] The antimicrobial agents used as pest control agents in this invention include: Old quinolone types: oxolinic acid, nalidixic acid, pipemidic acid, pyromidic acid, etc.; New quinolone types: norfloxacin, tosufloxacin, difloxacin, ofloxacin, marbofloxacin, levofloxacin, etc.; Sulfonamides: sulfadiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfanilamide, sulfamethoxazole, diaphenylsulfone, etc.; Tetracycline types Examples include: tetracyclines, daunorubicin hydrochloride, minocycline hydrochloride, chlortetracycline, etc.; lincomycin derivatives: lincomycin, clindamycin, etc.; chloramphenicol derivatives: chloramphenicol, etc.; penicillins: benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, methicillin, etc.; cephalosporins: cefazolin, cephalexin, cefotiam, etc.; aminoglycosides: kanamycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, etc.

[0027] Examples of algal repellents used as pest control agents in the present invention include triazine-based agents such as sibutrin, terbutrin, ametrin, simetrin, promethrin, zimagine, and 2-methylthio-4-cyclopropylamino-6-t-butylamino-1,3,5-triazine (MBACT), and hexahydrotriazine-based agents such as 5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,5-triazine (HTHE), 1,3,5-triacetylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, and 1,3,5-tributyrylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine.

[0028] Examples of insecticides used as pest control agents in the present invention include: natural types: capsaicin, citronella oil, eucalyptus oil, etc.; neonicotinoid types: clothianidin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, nitenplum, thiacloprid, etc.; pyrethroid types: cyfluthrin, permethrin, deltamethrin, phenothrin, etofenprox, transfluthrin, resmethrin, etc.; organophosphate types: malathion, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, etc.; carbamate types: carbaryl, propoxur, methomyl, etc.; phenylpyrazole types: fipronil, etc.; and others: spinosad, indoxacarb, pymetrozine, lufenuron, novaron, etc.

[0029] In this invention, the pest control effect refers to a synergistic pest control effect that exceeds the additive effect of combined use, as described above, against targets such as bacteria, molds, yeasts, wood-rotting fungi, algae, and insects. Examples of targets for control include bacteria, molds, yeasts, wood-rotting fungi, and algae. Examples of bacteria include Gram-negative bacilli such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia; Gram-positive bacilli such as Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium; Gram-negative cocci such as Branhamella; and Gram-positive cocci such as Staphylococcus aureus. Examples of fungi include zygomycetes such as the genera Absidia, Mucor, and Rhizopus; ascomycetes such as the genera Chaetomium, Eurotium, Neurospora, and Saccharomyces; and species such as Acremonium, Alternaria, and Aspergillus. Examples include imperfect fungi such as those belonging to the genera Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Penicillium, Phoma, Trichoderma, Rhodotorula, Candida, and Trichophyton.Examples of yeasts include protistascomycetes such as those of the genera Schizosaccharomyces, Protomyces, and Taphrina; euscomycetes such as those of the genera Endomyces; hemiscomycetes such as those of the genera Saccharomyces; incomplete forms of ascomycetic yeasts such as those of the genera Candida; heterobasidiella such as those of the genera Filobasidiella; incomplete forms of basidiomycete yeasts such as those of the genera Rhodotorula, Trichosporon, and Sporobolomyces; and basidiomycete yeasts such as those of the genera Rhodosporidium, Sporidiobolus, and Xanthophyllomyces. Examples of wood-decaying fungi include basidiomycetes such as the genera Coniophora, Trametes, Postia, Poria, Gloeophyllum, Lentinus, Paxillus, Fomitopsis, Pleurotus, Donkioporia, Serpula, Glenospora, Perenniporia, and Antrodia. Algae are plants that inhabit water and land, possess assimilated pigments, and live independently as a nutrient-rich life. Examples include cyanobacteria, gray algae, red algae, yellow flagellates, yellow-green algae, green algae, diatoms, brown flagellates, dinoflagellates, green flagellates, brown algae, zooxanthellae, and charophytes.

[0030] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Test examples show that the agent for use in antiviral and / or antibacterial purposes of the present invention exhibits viral inhibitory and antibacterial effects.

[0031] <Example 1> A test was conducted to confirm the effect of suppressing enveloped viruses. (1) Test sample Galactaric acid was used as the test sample. This compound was a reagent manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (2) Test sample solution 0.01 g of each test sample and 0.50 g of dimethyl sulfoxide (hereinafter referred to as "DMSO") were added to a sterile centrifuge tube to prepare test sample solution A with a concentration of 2% by weight of the test sample. In addition, 0.05 g of test sample solution A and 0.45 g of DMSO were added to a sterile centrifuge tube to prepare test sample solution B with a concentration of 0.2% by weight of the test sample. DMSO was used as the control test sample.

[0032] (3) Antiviral test of test sample solution <Confirmation test of effect on suppressing enveloped viruses> Influenza virus (ATCC VR-1679) 10 ８ TCID ５０ The test virus suspension was prepared by adjusting the concentration to 1 / mL. In a microtube containing a stirring bar, 0.05 mL of test sample solution A or test sample solution B, 0.85 mL of sterile water, and 0.1 mL of the test virus suspension were mixed, and the mixture, with a final concentration of approximately 0.1% or approximately 0.01%, was stirred for 24 hours. 50 μL of the mixture after stirring for the specified time was added to 450 μL of a drug inactivator (SCDLP liquid medium, manufactured by Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.) and mixed. The inactivated mixture was then used to create 10-fold serial dilutions using dilution medium (E-MEM, manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and tested in TCID using host cells (MDCK cells, ATCC CCL-34). ５０The viral infectious titer was measured by the Median Tissue Culture Infectious Dose assay. On the other hand, the viral infectious titer was also measured for a control test sample in the same manner. Based on the viral infectious titer, the virus suppression activity value (Mv) was calculated by the following calculation formula. [Calculation Formula] Virus suppression activity value (Mv) = Ig(Vb) - Ig(Vc) Ig(Vb) = common logarithm of the viral infectious titer after mixing with the control test specimen Ig(Vc) = common logarithm of the viral infectious titer after mixing with the test sample liquid The obtained virus suppression activity values (Mv) are summarized together with Ig(Vc) in Table 1 below. In Table 1, "%" means percent by weight. Ig(Vb) was 6.50. A case where the virus suppression activity value (Mv) is approximately 1 or more was judged to have an enveloped virus suppression effect, and a case where the value is approximately 2 or more was further judged to have a practical enveloped virus suppression effect.

[0033]

[0034] As shown in Table 1, the antiviral agent of the present invention, which contains galacturonic acid as an active ingredient, has a virus suppression activity value (Mv) of 5 or more, which is far greater than 2, at both liquid concentrations of 0.1% and 0.01%, and it was confirmed that the agent exerts an extremely practical suppression effect against enveloped viruses. It has been revealed that the agent exerting a remarkable antiviral suppression effect particularly at a liquid concentration of 0.01% is very useful.

[0035] <Example 2> A confirmation test for the non-enveloped virus inhibitory effect was performed. The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 above, except that the influenza virus in the test virus suspension was replaced with feline calicivirus (ATCC VR-782), the E-MEM dilution medium was replaced with RPMI-1640 (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation), and the host MDCK cells were replaced with CRFK cells (ATCC CCL-94). Based on the measured virus infectivity titer, the virus inhibitory activity value (Mv) was calculated using the above calculation formula. The obtained virus inhibitory activity value (Mv) is summarized together with Ig(Vc) in Table 2 below. "%" in Table 2 means % by weight. Ig(Vb) was "5.50". When the virus inhibitory activity value (Mv) is approximately "1" or more, it is determined that there is a non-enveloped virus inhibitory effect, and when it is approximately "2" or more, it is determined that there is a practical non-enveloped virus inhibitory effect.

[0036]

[0037] As shown in Table 2, the antiviral agent of the present invention containing galacturonic acid as an active ingredient has a virus inhibitory activity value (Mv) of 4, which is much larger than "2", at a concentration of 0.1% in liquid, and it was confirmed that the antiviral agent exerts an extremely practical inhibitory effect against non-enveloped viruses.

[0038] <Example 3> A test was conducted to confirm the virus-inhibiting effect of a coating film obtained by adding the antiviral agent of the present invention to a paint. (1) Test sample Galactaric acid was used as the test sample. This compound was a reagent manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (2) Test sample coating film 0.464 g of the above test sample was added to 19.536 g of an acrylic resin emulsion (product name "Ultrazole FCE-20", manufactured by Aica Kogyo Co., Ltd., solid content 46.40%), and mixed uniformly using a mortar and pestle to prepare a paint so that the above test sample present in the coating film when dry was 5% by weight. The obtained antiviral and / or antibacterial coating was applied to the surface of a PET plate using a barcoter (No. 22) so that the wet coating film thickness was 50 μm. After drying at room temperature for 18 hours, it was cut with a cutting machine (5 cm x 5 cm) to obtain a test coating film in which the above test sample in the dried coating film was 5% by weight, which was to be used for the virus suppression effect confirmation test. A comparative test coating film was also obtained by preparing it in the same manner, except that the above test sample, which is the antiviral agent of the present invention, was not added. In the method for producing the above-described test sample coating film, 0.2784 g, 0.0928 g, 0.0696 g, and 0.0464 g of the above-described test sample were added to 19.7216 g, 19.9072 g, 19.9304 g, and 19.9536 g, respectively, of an acrylic resin emulsion (product name "Ultrasole FCE-20", manufactured by Aica Kogyo Co., Ltd., solids content 46.40%), and the mixture was uniformly mixed using a mortar and pestle. The test sample coating film was prepared in the same manner as described above, except that the proportion of the above-described test sample present in the coating film after drying was 3% by weight, 1% by weight, 0.75% by weight, and 0.50% by weight.

[0039] (3) Test to confirm virus suppression effect The virus suppression effect was confirmed in accordance with the test method (ISO 21702) for evaluating the antiviral effect of non-absorbent surfaces such as plastic products and ceramic products. Influenza virus (ATCC VR-1679) and feline calicivirus (ATCC VR-782) were tested in 10 tests each. ７ TCID ５０The preparation adjusted to / mL was used as a test virus suspension. 0.4 mL of the test virus suspension was dropped onto the coating film of the test specimen, covered with a 4 cm square polyethylene film, and allowed to stand still at 25°C for 24 hours. After standing still, the virus on the test piece was washed out and recovered, and then the virus infectious titer was measured by TCID ５０ 50 method (Median Tissue Culture Infectious Dose). The virus infectious titer was also measured for the coating film of the comparative test specimen in the same manner. Based on the virus infectious titer, the antiviral activity value (R) was calculated by the following calculation formula. [Calculation Formula] Antiviral activity value (R) = U ｔ - A ｔ U ｔ = average of common logarithms of virus infectious titer (TCID ５０ 50 / cm ２ 2) after 24 hours of standing still on the coating film of the comparative test specimen A ｔ = average of common logarithms of virus infectious titer (TCID ５０ 50 / cm ２ 2) after 24 hours of standing still on the coating film of the test specimen. Together with the obtained antiviral activity value (R), U ｔ and A ｔ , the results against influenza virus / feline calicivirus for test specimen coating films containing 5% by weight of the above test specimen in the dried coating film are shown in Table 3 below, the results against influenza virus / feline calicivirus for test specimen coating films containing 3% by weight of the above test specimen in the dried coating film are shown in Table 4 below, and the results against influenza virus for test specimen coating films containing 1% by weight, 0.75% by weight, and 0.50% by weight of the above test specimen in the dried coating film are collectively shown in Table 5 below, respectively. In Tables 3 to 5, "%" means % by weight. When the antiviral activity value (R) was approximately "1" or more, it was judged to have an enveloped virus / non-enveloped virus inhibitory effect, and when it was approximately "2" or more, it was judged to have a practical enveloped virus / non-enveloped virus inhibitory effect.

[0040]

[0041]

[0042]

[0043] As shown in Tables 3 to 5, it was confirmed that coating films obtained by adding the antiviral agent of the present invention, which contains galactaric acid as an active ingredient, to paint also exhibit excellent antiviral activity. At total formulation amounts of 5%, 3%, 1%, 0.75%, and 0.50% by weight of the above test sample in the coating film at dry, and especially at a low formulation amount of 0.50% by weight of the above test sample in the coating film at dry, the antiviral activity value (R) was 5, which is far greater than "2" for enveloped viruses, confirming that it exhibits an extremely practical inhibitory effect. Furthermore, at formulation amounts of 5% and 3% by weight of the above test sample in the coating film at dry, the antiviral activity value (R) was 4 or higher, which is far greater than "2" for non-enveloped viruses, confirming that it also exhibits an extremely practical inhibitory effect. In Examples 1 and 2, the antiviral agent of the present invention, which contains galactaric acid as an active ingredient, comes into direct contact with the virus in a liquid. In contrast, in Example 3, the antiviral agent of the present invention, which contains galactaric acid as an active ingredient, is present in a coating film. Although the opportunity for contact with the virus is reduced compared to Examples 1 and 2, it exhibits an excellent virus-suppressing effect as shown in Tables 3 to 5. Therefore, it is extremely useful, for example, in industrial applications where it is applied to various industrial products and industrial materials.

[0044] <Example 4> Confirmation tests were conducted to confirm the effect of the active ingredients of the present invention other than galactaric acid on the suppression of enveloped viruses. (1) Test samples The following compounds were used as test samples. D-glucuronic acid (6 carbon atoms): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. D(+)-galacturonic acid monohydrate (6 carbon atoms): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. L(+)-ascorbic acid (6 carbon atoms): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. DL-glyceric acid (20% aqueous solution) (3 carbon atoms): Manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. L(+)-tartaric acid (erythralic acid) (4 carbon atoms): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. 50% gluconic acid solution (6 carbon atoms): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. Calcium glucarate tetrahydrate (6 carbon atoms): Fluorochem. Ltd. The following compounds were used as comparative test samples. D(+)-Galactose: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. D(+)-Glucose: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. The above hydrates, salts, and solutions were used after being converted so that the active ingredient compounds were 1.00% by weight and 0.10% by weight, respectively. It was separately confirmed that calcium galactate salt exhibits the same effect as the enveloped virus inhibitory effect shown in Example 1. (2) Test Method A test to confirm the enveloped virus inhibitory effect was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1. Based on the measured viral infectivity titer, the viral inhibitory activity value (Mv) was calculated using the above calculation formula. The obtained viral inhibitory activity value (Mv) is summarized in Table 6 below along with Ig(Vb) and Ig(Vc). In Table 6, "%" means weight percent. If the viral inhibitory activity value (Mv) is approximately "1" or higher, it was judged that there is a non-enveloped virus inhibitory effect, and if it is approximately "2" or higher, it was judged that there is a practical non-enveloped virus inhibitory effect.

[0045]

[0046] As shown in Table 6, the antiviral agents of the present invention, which contain glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, ascorbic acid, glyceryl acid, erythralic acid, and gluconic acid as active ingredients (sugar acids and / or salts thereof having 3 to 6 carbon atoms), were confirmed to exhibit a highly practical inhibitory effect against enveloped viruses, with a viral inhibitory activity value (Mv) of 5 or higher at a liquid concentration of 1.00% by weight, which is far greater than "2". Similarly, glucaric acid was also confirmed to exhibit a practical inhibitory effect against enveloped viruses, with a viral inhibitory activity value (Mv) greater than "2" at a liquid concentration of 1.00% by weight. In particular, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, and ascorbic acid were found to be extremely useful as they exhibited remarkable antiviral inhibitory effects even at a liquid concentration of 0.10% by weight. On the other hand, galactose and glucose, which are not active ingredients of the present invention, were confirmed not to exhibit any antiviral inhibitory effect at liquid concentrations of 1.00% by weight and 0.10% by weight.

[0047] <Reference Example 1> A test was conducted to confirm the antibacterial effect of the antiviral agent of the present invention, which contains galactaric acid as an active ingredient. (1) Test specimens The following compound A was used as test specimen A. A: Galactaric acid: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. The following compounds B1 to B19 were used as test specimen B, which are known pest control agents used in combination. B1: Carbendazim (1H-benzimidazole-2-ylcarbamate methyl, hereinafter referred to as "MBC"): Manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. B2: N-butylcarbamate 3-iodo-2-propynyl (hereinafter referred to as "IPBC"): Manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. B3: Oxolinic acid: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B4: Norfloxacin: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B5: Pyrithione zinc (hereinafter referred to as "ZPT"): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B6: Benzoic acid: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B7: Butylparaben: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B8: Phenoxyethanol: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B9: 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (hereinafter referred to as "H-MIT"): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B10: 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (hereinafter referred to as "OIT"): Manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. B11: 2-bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol (hereinafter referred to as "BNPD"): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B12: Sulfadiazine: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B13: Chloramphenicol: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B14: Benzylpenicillin potassium: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B15: Kanamycin sulfate: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B16: Tebuconazole: Manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. B17: Benzalkonium chloride: Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation B18: 1,2-Dodecanediol: Manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. B19: Paraphenylphenol (hereinafter referred to as "PPP"): Manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (2) Test sample solution A test sample solution was prepared using 5 parts by weight of test sample A, 5 parts by weight of test sample B1, and purified water to make a total volume of 100 parts by weight, with a ratio of test sample A:test sample B1 = 50:50.Other test sample solutions were prepared according to the above method for preparing the test sample solution of "Test Sample A:Test Sample B1 = 50:50" in accordance with the mixing ratio "(a):(b)" of test sample A and test sample B described in Tables 7 to 15 below. (3) Method for testing antibacterial activity (antibacterial) 1 Dispense 1 mL of the above test sample and 9 mL of glucose broth medium (pH 6.0) into petri dishes, and prepare glucose broth medium by diluting the above test sample solution 10 times, then allow to stand and solidify. Then, using a microplanter (manufactured by Sakuma Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), inoculate with suspensions of bacteria described in Tables 8 to 12, 14, and 15, and culture at 33°C for 18 hours. After that, observe the growth of each bacterium after culture and calculate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC: μg / mL) for each. Each test was performed 5 times, and the average value was used as the MIC value. (4) Test method for antibacterial activity (antifungal, antiyeast) 2 Dispense 1 mL of the above test sample and 9 mL of glucose broth medium (pH 6.0) into a petri dish, and prepare glucose broth medium by diluting the above test sample 10 times, then allow to stand and solidify. Then, using a microplanter (manufactured by Sakuma Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), inoculate with a mold suspension or yeast suspension containing the mold or yeast described in Tables 7, 8, 10-15, and culture at 33°C for 18 hours and at 28°C for 2 days. After that, observe the growth of each fungus after culture and calculate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC: μg / mL) for each. Each test was performed 5 times, and the average value was used as the MIC value.

[0048] (5) Method for evaluating antibacterial activity The antibacterial activity was evaluated by calculating the theoretical value of MIC when test samples A and B were used together using the following formula, based on the MIC values ​​obtained when each test sample A and B were used individually, and then comparing the actually measured MIC value with these. If the measured value of MIC is smaller than the calculated theoretical value, that is, if "measured value / theoretical value" is less than 1, it can be said that the antibacterial activity is enhanced by the algebraic sum of the values ​​obtained when each of the above components is used individually, and therefore a synergistic effect is observed. Theoretical value of MIC = 1 / (x / C) Ａ +y / C Ｂ ) C Ａ MIC value C when test sample A is used alone Ｂ;MIC value when each of the test samples B is used individually x;Percentage (by weight) of test sample A in the antibacterial components y;Percentage (by weight) of test sample B in the antibacterial components Tables 7 to 13 below show galactaric acid, which is test sample A, and MBC (B1) (Table 7), IPBC (B2) (Table 8), oxolinic acid (B3) and norfloxacin (B4) (Table 9), ZPT (B5) (Table 10), benzoic acid (B6) (Table 11), butylparaben (B7) (Table 12), phenoxyethanol (B8) (Table 13), H-MIT (B9), OIT (B10), BNPD (B11), and sulfadiazine (B12) as test samples B The mixing ratio of test sample A and test sample B "(a):(b)" for the combined use of chloramphenicol (B13) (Table 14), benzylpenicillin potassium (B14), kanamycin sulfate (B15), tebuconazole (B16), benzalkonium chloride (B17), 1,2-dodecanediol (B18), and PPP (B19) (Table 15) is shown, and the evaluation results, "measured value," "theoretical value," and "measured value / theoretical value," are shown together. Note that in Tables 14 and 15, " / " is displayed for the "measured value," "theoretical value," and "measured value / theoretical value" columns, indicating that the test was not performed. In addition, in Tables 7, 8, 10-12, and 14, if the measured value of compound A alone is ">10000", then "C" in the formula for calculating the theoretical value is omitted. Ａ The value was calculated as "10000". Looking at the calculation formula for the "theoretical value of MIC" above, "C Ａ By setting the value of "MIC" to a smaller value than the actual measured value, the "theoretical value of MIC" becomes smaller than when using the actual measured value, and the "measured value / theoretical value" becomes larger than when using the actual measured value. Therefore, there is no problem with the evaluation in Tables 7, 8, 10-12, and 14 that a synergistic effect is observed.

[0049]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052]

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] Table 13 shows that the measured values ​​for compound A and compound B8 alone are greater than 10,000 and 1,000, respectively. Since the measured value for test example 29, in which compound A and compound B8 are used in combination, is "1,000", it is clear that a synergistic effect greater than the additive effect was achieved by using them together, without even needing to calculate "measured value / theoretical value".

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] As shown in Tables 7-15, the antiviral agent of the present invention, which contains galactaric acid as an active ingredient, exhibits antibacterial activity on its own. However, it has been confirmed that when used in combination with known pest control agents, it exhibits a synergistic pest control effect that exceeds the additive effect. The antiviral agent of the present invention, which contains galactaric acid as an active ingredient, is extremely useful because it can reduce the amount of known pest control agents used when used in combination with them.

[0059] The antiviral agent of the present invention uses a sugar acid with 3 to 6 carbon atoms and / or its salt as an active ingredient, which is highly safe and useful because it exhibits excellent virus-suppressing effects. In particular, when galactaric acid and / or its salt is used as the active ingredient, which does not raise concerns about skin irritation, it exhibits excellent virus-suppressing and / or antibacterial effects and is therefore extremely useful. Even when the antiviral agent of the present invention is used in a paint coating, it exhibits excellent virus-suppressing effects, so when applied to various industrial products and materials, it can impart safe and excellent virus-suppressing effects. When the active ingredient is galactaric acid, it exhibits excellent virus-suppressing and / or excellent antibacterial effects, so when applied to various industrial products and materials, it can impart safe and excellent virus-suppressing and / or excellent antibacterial effects.

Claims

1. An antiviral agent comprising a sugar acid and / or a salt thereof having 3 to 6 carbon atoms as an active ingredient.

2. The antiviral agent according to claim 1, wherein the sugar acid having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is galactaric acid.

3. The antiviral agent according to claim 2, characterized in that it has antibacterial activity in addition to antiviral activity.

4. An antiviral product containing the antiviral agent described in claim 1 or 2.

5. A product having antiviral and antibacterial properties, containing the antiviral agent described in claim 3.

6. A method for suppressing viruses using an antiviral agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, but not in humans.

7. A method for producing an antiviral article, comprising incorporating an antiviral agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 into the article or coating it on the surface of the article.

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