Display apparatus, glasses-type device, and electronic apparatus

Abstract

Provided is a display apparatus capable of emitting infrared light while suppressing a reduction in display performance.　This display apparatus comprises a plurality of pixels arranged two-dimensionally. At least some of the plurality of pixels include a first light-emitting element capable of emitting visible light and a second light-emitting element capable of emitting non-visible light.

Description

Display devices, eyeglass-type devices, and electronic devices

[0001] This disclosure relates to a display device, a spectacle-type device equipped therewith, and an electronic device.

[0002] Eyewear devices such as VR (Virtual Reality) devices are equipped with infrared light-emitting and infrared light-receiving elements for gaze detection, along with the display device. In recent years, from the viewpoint of miniaturizing the device, there has been consideration to incorporating infrared light-emitting elements for gaze detection within the display device. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that the infrared light-emitting or infrared light-receiving element is miniaturized and arranged between subpixels.

[0003] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2023-84700

[0004] However, if infrared light-emitting elements are incorporated into a display device, the pixel area for visible light display will decrease, which may reduce display brightness and thus degrade the display performance of the display device.

[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a display device capable of emitting infrared light while suppressing a decrease in display performance, a spectacle-type device equipped with the same, and an electronic device.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned problems, a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure comprises a plurality of pixels arranged in two dimensions, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of pixels includes a first light-emitting element capable of emitting visible light and a second light-emitting element capable of emitting invisible light.

[0007] A display device according to a second aspect of the present disclosure comprises a plurality of pixels arranged in two dimensions, and at least one light-emitting element provided to fill the space between adjacent pixels in a planar view and capable of emitting invisible light.

[0008] Figure 1 is a plan view of a display device according to one embodiment. Figure 2A is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the display device according to one embodiment. Figure 2B is a cross-sectional view along the line IIB-IIB in Figure 2A. Figure 3 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the display area. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the OLED layer. Figures 5A, 5B, and 5C are manufacturing process diagrams of the display device according to one embodiment, respectively. Figures 6A, 6B, and 6C are manufacturing process diagrams of the display device according to one embodiment, respectively. Figures 7A, 7B, and 7C are manufacturing process diagrams of the display device according to one embodiment, respectively. Figures 8A and 8B are manufacturing process diagrams of the display device according to one embodiment, respectively. Figure 9 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the display area of ​​a modified display device. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view along the line X-X in Figure 9. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a modified display device. Figure 12 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the display area of ​​a modified display device. Figure 13 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the display area of ​​a modified display device. Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view along the line XIV-XIV in Figure 13. Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of a modified display device. Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view of a modified display device. Figure 17 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the display area of ​​a modified display device. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view along the line XVIII-XVIII in Figure 17. Figure 19 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the display area of ​​a modified display device. Figure 20A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a first example of a resonator structure. Figure 20B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a second example of a resonator structure. Figure 21A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a third example of a resonator structure. Figure 21B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a fourth example of a resonator structure. Figure 22A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a fifth example of a resonator structure. Figure 22B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a sixth example of a resonator structure. Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a seventh example of a resonator structure. Figure 24 is a perspective view of a head-mounted display. Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the optical system of a head-mounted display. Figure 26 is a perspective view of a see-through head-mounted display.

[0009] The embodiments of this disclosure will be described in the following order: 1. General description of the display device according to the first embodiment of this disclosure and the display device according to the second embodiment of this disclosure 2. One embodiment (example of a display device) 3. Modification 4. Example of a resonator structure 5. Application example (example of an electronic device)

[0010] The embodiments described below are preferred examples of the present disclosure, and the content of the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments. In all the figures of the following embodiments, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals. In addition, in order to prevent the illustration from becoming complicated, only some components may be denoted by reference numerals, or the illustration may be simplified, enlarged, or reduced.

[0011] <1. General Description of the Display Device According to the First Embodiment of the Disclosure and the Display Device According to the Second Embodiment of the Disclosure> In the display device according to the first embodiment of the Disclosure, visible light may be red light, green light, or blue light. In the display device according to the first embodiment of the Disclosure and the display device according to the second embodiment of the Disclosure, invisible light may be infrared light or ultraviolet light.

[0012] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the second light-emitting element is preferably provided so as to surround or sandwich the first light-emitting element.

[0013] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, it is preferable that at least some of the plurality of pixels further include a lens provided above the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element.

[0014] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the lens preferably has a first region and a second region having lower light-gathering efficiency than the first region, the first light-emitting element is provided corresponding to the first region, and the second light-emitting element is provided corresponding to the second region.

[0015] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the lens preferably has a convex surface on the side opposite to the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, the first region is the central region of the lens in a plan view, and the second region is the peripheral region of the lens in a plan view.

[0016] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the lens is preferably a spherical lens or an ellipsoidal lens, and the second light-emitting element is preferably annular in plan view.

[0017] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the lens has a polygonal shape in plan view, and the second light-emitting element is preferably provided along at least one side that constitutes the bottom surface of the lens in plan view, and more preferably along each side that constitutes the bottom surface of the lens in plan view.

[0018] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the lens is preferably a cylindrical lens, and the second light-emitting element is preferably provided along the sides of the lens located on both sides in the power direction.

[0019] In the display device according to the first aspect of this disclosure, the plurality of pixels preferably include a plurality of types of pixels with different light-emitting colors, and the shape of the lens preferably differs depending on the type of pixel.

[0020] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the plurality of pixels include first pixels, second pixels, and third pixels of different types, and it is preferable that at least one of the first pixels, second pixels, and third pixels includes a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element.

[0021] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the plurality of pixels include red pixels, green pixels, blue pixels, and yellow or white pixels, and it is preferable that at least one pixel of the red, green, blue, and yellow pixels, or at least one pixel of the red, green, blue, and white pixels, includes a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. Here, a red pixel represents a pixel capable of emitting red light, a green pixel represents a pixel capable of emitting green light, and a blue pixel represents a pixel capable of emitting red light.

[0022] In a display device according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the plurality of pixels include red pixels, green pixels, and blue pixels, and it is preferable that one or both of the red pixels and green pixels include a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element.

[0023] In a display device according to a first aspect of this disclosure, it is preferable that the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element can be controlled to emit light independently.

[0024] In a display device according to a first aspect of this disclosure, the invisible light preferably includes infrared light having a peak wavelength in the range of 760 nm to 1440 nm, or ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength in the range of 300 nm to 430 nm.

[0025] In a display device according to a first aspect of this disclosure, it is preferable to further include a light-receiving element.

[0026] In a display device according to a second aspect of the present disclosure, it is preferable that the device further comprises a drive substrate, wherein a plurality of pixels and at least one light-emitting element are provided on the drive substrate.

[0027] In a display device according to a second aspect of the present disclosure, it is preferable that the device further comprises a drive substrate, wherein a plurality of pixels are provided on the drive substrate, and at least one light-emitting element is provided within the drive substrate.

[0028] The display device according to the first embodiment of this disclosure and the display device according to the second embodiment of this disclosure may be provided in a glasses-type device or an electronic device. The glasses-type device may be an eyewear device such as a VR (Virtual Reality) device, an MR (Mixed Reality) device, or an AR (Augmented Reality) device. The eyewear device shall also include a headset.

[0029] In this disclosure, "on the first surface of member A" in descriptions such as "member B is provided on the first surface of member A" refers to the relative positional relationship between member A and member B, and includes not only the state in which member B is directly located on the first surface of member A without any other members in between, but also the state in which member B is located on the first surface of member A with at least one other member in between. Similarly, "on member A" in descriptions such as "member B is provided on member A" includes not only the state in which member B is directly located on member A without any other members in between, but also the state in which member B is located on member A with at least one other member in between.

[0030] <2 One Embodiment> [Configuration of Display Device 101] Figure 1 is a plan view of a display device 101 according to one embodiment. The display device 101 has a display area RE1 and a peripheral area RE2 provided around the display area RE1. In one embodiment, the display area RE1 has a rectangular shape in plan view. However, the shape of the display area RE1 is not limited to a rectangular shape and may have a shape other than a rectangle.

[0031] In one embodiment, the first and second directions perpendicular to each other within the display surface of the display device 101 are referred to as the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, respectively, and the third direction perpendicular to the display surface of the display device 101 is referred to as the Z-axis direction. In one embodiment, an example will be described in which the X-axis direction is the horizontal direction of the display surface and the Y-axis direction is the vertical direction of the display surface.

[0032] In one embodiment, the display device 101 is an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display device. The display device 101 may also be a microdisplay. In one embodiment, an example in which the display device 101 is a top-emission type display device is described, but the type of display device 101 is not limited to this example.

[0033] The pad section 113 and a driver for displaying video (not shown) are provided in the peripheral region RE2. A flexible printed circuit board (FPC), not shown, may be connected to the pad section 113.

[0034] Figure 2A is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of a display device 101 according to one embodiment. Figure 2B is a cross-sectional view along the line IIB-IIB in Figure 2A. The display device 101 comprises a drive substrate 11, a plurality of sub-pixels 10R, 10G, 10B, an insulating layer 14, a protective layer 15, and a lens array 16. In the following description, when the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are not particularly distinguished and are referred to collectively, they may simply be called sub-pixels 10.

[0035] In this disclosure, of the two surfaces of each layer constituting the display device 101, the surface that is the display surface side (top side) of the display device 101 is referred to as the first surface (or top surface), and the surface that is opposite to the display surface (bottom side) of the display device 101 is referred to as the second surface (or bottom surface). In this disclosure, the peripheral edge of the first surface refers to a portion having a predetermined width extending inward from the peripheral edge of the first surface, and the peripheral edge of the second surface refers to a portion having a predetermined width extending inward from the peripheral edge of the second surface. In this disclosure, a plan view refers to a plan view when the object is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the first surface or the second surface. In this disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the in-plane direction refers to the in-plane direction of the first surface of the drive substrate 11. In this disclosure, upward refers to the direction from the bottom side (opposite side to the display surface) of the display device 101 toward the top side (display surface side) of the display device 101. Downward refers to the direction from the top side (display surface side) of the display device 101 toward the bottom side of the display device 101.

[0036] (Sub-pixels 10R, 10G, 10B) Figure 3 is a plan view showing an enlarged portion of the display area RE1. Multiple sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are arranged in a predetermined array pattern in two dimensions within the display area RE1 on the first surface of the drive substrate 11. In Figure 3, the sections labeled "R", "G", and "B" represent the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, respectively.

[0037] Note that while Figure 3 shows an example where the specified sequence pattern is a striped sequence, the sequence pattern is not limited to this example. For example, the specified sequence pattern may be a delta sequence, a mosaic sequence, a square sequence, or any other sequence.

[0038] Sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B have different emission colors. Sub-pixel 10R is an example of a first pixel and is capable of emitting red light and infrared light. Sub-pixel 10R includes an light-emitting element 12R and an light-emitting element 13IR. Sub-pixel 10G is an example of a second pixel and is capable of emitting green light and infrared light. Sub-pixel 10G includes an light-emitting element 12G and an light-emitting element 13IR. Sub-pixel 10B is an example of a third pixel and is capable of emitting blue light and infrared light. Sub-pixel 10B includes an light-emitting element 12B and an light-emitting element 13IR.

[0039] One pixel is composed of, for example, multiple adjacent sub-pixels 10R, 10G, 10B. However, the composition of one pixel is not limited to this example. A sub-pixel 10 has a circular shape in a plan view, for example. In this disclosure, the circular shape is not limited to a circle in a mathematically strict sense, but includes shapes that are visually perceived as being close to a circle. For example, the circular shape includes shapes that are distorted or deformed from a circle within the range of tolerances or errors.

[0040] (Light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B) In one embodiment, the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B are organic light-emitting diode elements (OLED elements). The light-emitting element 12R is capable of emitting red light as visible light based on control of a drive circuit, etc. The light-emitting element 12G is capable of emitting green light as visible light based on control of a drive circuit, etc. The light-emitting element 12B is capable of emitting blue light as visible light based on control of a drive circuit, etc.

[0041] The peak wavelength of the red light emitted by the light-emitting element 12R is, for example, about 630 nm. The peak wavelength of the green light emitted by the light-emitting element 12G is, for example, about 535 nm. The peak wavelength of the blue light emitted by the light-emitting element 12B is, for example, about 460 nm. Light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B are examples of the first light-emitting element. In the following description, when the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B are not specifically distinguished and are referred to collectively, they may simply be called light-emitting element 12.

[0042] The light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 has a circular shape in plan view, for example. The light-emitting element 12R includes a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122R, and a second electrode 123 in that order on the first surface of the drive substrate 11. The light-emitting element 12G includes a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122G, and a second electrode 123 in that order on the first surface of the drive substrate 11. The light-emitting element 12B includes a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122B, and a second electrode 123 in that order on the first surface of the drive substrate 11. In the following description, when the OLED layers 122R, 122G, and 122B are not particularly distinguished and are referred to collectively, the OLED layers 122R, 122G, and 122B may simply be referred to as OLED layer 122.

[0043] (First electrode 121) The first electrode 121 is provided on the second surface side of the OLED layer 122. The first electrode 121 is an individual electrode provided separately for each light-emitting element 12. The first electrode 121 is an anode. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123, holes are injected from the first electrode 121 into the OLED layer 122. The first electrode 121 has the same shape as the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 in a plan view, for example.

[0044] The first electrode 121 preferably includes a metal layer as a reflective layer. The metal layer includes, for example, at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and tungsten (W). The metal layer may also include the above at least one metal element as a constituent element of an alloy. Specific examples of alloys include aluminum alloys or silver alloys. Specific examples of aluminum alloys include, for example, aluminum neodymium alloys (AlNd alloys) or aluminum copper alloys (AlCu). The thickness of the first electrode 121 is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 300 nm.

[0045] The first electrode 121 may be composed of a multilayer film. This multilayer film may be, for example, a laminated film in which a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer are sequentially laminated on the first surface of the drive substrate 11, or a laminated film in which a metal layer and a hole injection layer are sequentially laminated on the first surface of the drive substrate 11.

[0046] The transparent conductive oxide layer contains a transparent conductive oxide. The transparent conductive oxide includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of indium-containing transparent conductive oxides (hereinafter referred to as "indium-based transparent conductive oxides"), tin-containing transparent conductive oxides (hereinafter referred to as "tin-based transparent conductive oxides"), and zinc-containing transparent conductive oxides (hereinafter referred to as "zinc-based transparent conductive oxides").

[0047] Indium-based transparent conductive oxides include, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium gallium oxide (IGO), indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), or fluorine-doped indium oxide (IFO). Among these transparent conductive oxides, indium tin oxide (ITO) is particularly preferred. Indium tin oxide (ITO) has a particularly low hole injection barrier to the OLED layer 122 in terms of work function, which allows the driving voltage of the display device 101 to be reduced to a particularly low voltage. Tin-based transparent conductive oxides include, for example, tin oxide, antimond-doped tin oxide (ATO), or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). Zinc-based transparent conductive oxides include, for example, zinc oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), boron-doped zinc oxide, or gallium-doped zinc oxide (GZO).

[0048] The hole injection layer includes, for example, an inorganic hole injection material. Examples of inorganic hole injection materials include titanium (Ti) and titanium oxide (TiO2). Ｘ ), Titanium Nitride (TiN Ｘ ), molybdenum (Mo) or molybdenum oxide (MoO Ｘ Includes inorganic materials such as ).

[0049] A base layer (not shown) may be provided adjacent to the second surface of the metal layer. The base layer may improve the crystal orientation of the metal layer during film formation. The base layer contains, for example, at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of titanium (Ti) and tantalum (Ta). The base layer may contain the above at least one metal element as a constituent element of an alloy or compound. Specific examples of alloys include titanium alloys or tantalum alloys. Specific examples of compounds include, for example, titanium nitride (TiN). Ｘ Examples include:

[0050] (OLED layers 122R, 122G, 122B) The OLED layer 122 is provided between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123. The OLED layer 122 is provided individually for each light-emitting element 12. The OLED layer 122 has the same shape as the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 in a plan view, for example.

[0051] The OLED layer 122R includes an organic light-emitting layer capable of emitting red light (hereinafter referred to as the "red organic light-emitting layer"). The OLED layer 122G includes an organic light-emitting layer capable of emitting green light (hereinafter referred to as the "green organic light-emitting layer"). The OLED layer 122B includes an organic light-emitting layer capable of emitting blue light (hereinafter referred to as the "blue organic light-emitting layer"). In the following description, when the red organic light-emitting layer, green organic light-emitting layer, and blue organic light-emitting layer are not specifically distinguished and are referred to collectively, the red organic light-emitting layer, green organic light-emitting layer, and blue organic light-emitting layer may simply be referred to as the organic light-emitting layer.

[0052] The OLED layers 122R, 122G, and 122B may be composed of a laminate including an organic light-emitting layer, in which case some of the layers of the laminate (e.g., a hole injection layer, an electron injection layer, etc.) may be inorganic layers.

[0053] OLED layers 122R, 122G, and 122B each have, for example, a single-layer light-emitting unit. OLED layer 122R, having a single-layer light-emitting unit, for example, as shown in Figure 4, has a hole injection layer 1221, a hole transport layer 1222, a red organic light-emitting layer 1223R, an electron transport layer 1224, and an electron injection layer 1225 in that order from the first electrode 121 to the second electrode 123. OLED layer 122G, having a single-layer light-emitting unit, for example, as shown in Figure 4, has the same configuration as OLED layer 122R, except that it has a green organic light-emitting layer 1223G as an organic light-emitting layer. OLED layer 122B, having a single-layer light-emitting unit, for example, as shown in Figure 4, has the same configuration as OLED layer 122R, except that it has a blue organic light-emitting layer 1223B as an organic light-emitting layer. However, the configurations of OLED layers 122R, 122G, and 122B are not limited to the above examples. For example, the electron injection layer 1225 does not necessarily have to be provided between the electron transport layer 1224 and the second electrode 123.

[0054] The OLED layers 122R, 122G, and 122B are not limited to having a single-layer light-emitting unit, but may also have a two-layer light-emitting unit (tandem structure), or other structures. For example, the OLED layers 122R, 122G, and 122B having a two-layer light-emitting unit may have, in order from the first electrode 121 to the second electrode 123, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an organic light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, a charge generation layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an organic light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.

[0055] When an electric field is applied between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123, holes are injected from the first electrode 121 into the organic light-emitting layer 1223 via the hole injection layer 1221 and the hole transport layer 1222. In addition, electrons are injected from the second electrode 123 into the organic light-emitting layer 1223 via the electron injection layer 1225 and the electron transport layer 1224.

[0056] The hole injection layer 1221 enhances the hole injection efficiency from the first electrode 121 to the organic light-emitting layer 1223 and suppresses leakage. The hole injection layer 1221 includes, for example, hexaazatriphenylene (HAT).

[0057] The hole transport layer 1222 can increase the efficiency of hole transport from the first electrode 121 to the organic light-emitting layer 1223. The hole transport layer 1222 includes, for example, α-NPD[N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine].

[0058] The red organic light-emitting layer 1223R can generate red light through the recombination of holes injected from the first electrode 121 and electrons injected from the second electrode 123. The red organic light-emitting layer 1223R contains a red light-emitting material. The red light-emitting material may be fluorescent or phosphorescent. Specifically, the red organic light-emitting material may include, for example, 4,4-bis(2,2-diphenylbinin)biphenyl (DPVBi) mixed with 30% by weight of 2,6-bis[(4'-methoxydiphenylamino)styryl]-1,5-dicyanonaphthalene (BSN).

[0059] The green organic light-emitting layer 1223G can generate green light through the recombination of holes injected from the first electrode 121 and electrons injected from the second electrode 123. The green organic light-emitting layer 1223G contains a green light-emitting material. The green light-emitting material may be fluorescent or phosphorescent. Specifically, the green organic light-emitting layer 1223G contains, for example, a mixture of DPVBi and 5% by weight of coumarin 6.

[0060] The blue organic light-emitting layer 1223B can generate blue light through the recombination of holes injected from the first electrode 121 and electrons injected from the second electrode 123. The blue organic light-emitting layer 1223B contains a blue light-emitting material. The blue light-emitting material may be fluorescent or phosphorescent. Specifically, the blue organic light-emitting layer 1223B contains, for example, 2.5% by weight of 4,4'-bis[2-{4-(N,N-diphenylamino)phenyl}vinyl]biphenyl (DPAVBi) mixed with DPVBi.

[0061] The electron transport layer 1224 can improve the efficiency of electron transport from the second electrode 123 to the organic light-emitting layer 1223. The electron transport layer 1224 can be made of, for example, BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), Alq ３It contains at least one substance selected from the group consisting of (aluminum quinolinol) and Bphen (vasophenanthroline), etc.

[0062] The electron transport layer 1224 consists of at least one layer and includes, for example, an electron transport material in which a dopant material is co-deposited onto a host material. The host material is, for example, BCP (2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline), Alq ３ The dopant material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of (aluminum quinolinol) and Bphen (basophenanthroline), etc. The dopant material includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, etc. The alkali metal includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs), etc. The alkaline earth metal includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba), etc. The doping amount of the dopant material is, for example, in the range of 0.5% by weight or more and 15% by weight or less.

[0063] The electron injection layer 1225 can increase the electron injection efficiency from the second electrode 123 to the organic light-emitting layer 1223. The electron injection layer 1225 includes, for example, an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal in its elemental form, or a compound containing at least one of these. Specifically, the electron injection layer 1225 includes, for example, lithium (Li), lithium fluoride (LiF), or a mixture containing at least one of these.

[0064] The OLED layer 122 may further include a buffer layer between the electron transport layer 1224 and the second electrode 123. When the OLED layer 122 includes the buffer layer, process damage during film formation of the second electrode 123 can be mitigated. In the case where the OLED layer 122 includes the buffer layer as described above, the OLED layer 122 may or may not include an electron injection layer 1225. The buffer layer contains, for example, a simple substance of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or a rare earth metal, or a compound containing at least one of the foregoing metals. Specifically, the buffer layer contains, for example, magnesium (Mg), magnesium silver alloy (MgAg alloy), calcium (Ca), lithium (Li), lithium fluoride (LiF), lithium carbonate (Li ２ CO ３ ), cesium (Cs), cesium carbonate (Cs ２ CO ３ ), ytterbium (Yb), ytterbium oxide (Yb ２ O ３ ), or a mixture containing one or more of the foregoing.

[0065] The thickness of the hole injection layer 1221 is preferably in the range of 1 nm or more and 20 nm or less. The thickness of the hole transport layer 1222 is preferably in the range of 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less. The thickness of the organic light emitting layer 1223 is preferably in the range of 5 nm or more and 50 nm or less. The thickness of the electron transport layer 1224 is preferably in the range of 10 nm or more and 200 nm or less.

[0066] (Second Electrode 123) The second electrode 123 is provided on the first surface side of the OLED layer 122. The second electrode 123 is provided continuously from the display area RE1 to the peripheral area RE2. The second electrode 123 is connected between adjacent sub-pixels 10 in the in-plane direction of the first surface of the drive substrate 11 and is a common electrode for multiple sub-pixels 10. The second electrode 123 is connected to multiple contact plugs 112c in the peripheral area RE2. A contact electrode (not shown) may be provided between the second electrode 123 and the contact plugs 112c, and the second electrode 123 may be connected to the contact plugs 112c via the contact electrode. In a plan view, the contact electrode may have a closed loop shape that surrounds the entire outer periphery of the display area RE1, or it may have a partially divided loop shape that partially surrounds the outer periphery of the display area RE1.

[0067] The second electrode 123 is a cathode. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123, electrons are injected from the second electrode 123 into the OLED layer 122. The second electrode 123 is transparent to light emitted by the OLED layer 122 (blue light, green light, and red light). Preferably, the second electrode 123 is a transparent electrode that is transparent to visible light. In this specification, visible light refers to light in the wavelength range of 360 nm to 780 nm.

[0068] The second electrode 123 preferably contains a material that has good light transmittance and a small work function. The second electrode 123 is composed of, for example, at least one of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. More specifically, for example, the second electrode 123 is composed of a metal layer, a transparent conductive oxide layer, or a laminated film of a metal layer and a transparent conductive oxide layer. The thickness of the second electrode 123 is, for example, in the range of 3 nm to 500 nm, preferably 3 nm to 100 nm or 10 nm to 500 nm.

[0069] The metal layer contains, for example, at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), calcium (Ca), barium (Ba), lithium (Li), cesium (Cs), indium (In), aluminum (Al), and sodium (Na). The metal layer may also contain the above at least one metallic element as a constituent element of an alloy or compound. Specific examples of the alloy include magnesium-silver alloy (MgAg alloy), magnesium-aluminum alloy (MgAl alloy), or aluminum-lithium alloy (AlLi alloy). Specific examples of the compound include lithium fluoride (LiF).

[0070] The metal layer may be a multilayer film, for example, having a first metal layer and a second metal layer in sequence. The first metal layer includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), calcium (Ca), barium (Ba), lithium (Li), cesium (Cs), and indium (In). The first metal layer may contain the above at least one metal element as a constituent element of an alloy or compound. Specific examples of the alloy include magnesium-silver alloy (MgAg alloy), magnesium-aluminum alloy (MgAl alloy), or aluminum-lithium alloy (AlLi alloy). Specific examples of the compound include lithium fluoride (LiF). The second metal layer includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag). The second metal layer may contain the above at least one metal element as a constituent element of an alloy.

[0071] If the metal layer is a multilayer film, the multilayer film may be composed of the same type of material. For example, the first and second metal layers may both be composed of alloy metal layers containing magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag), and the concentrations of the constituent elements in the first and second metal layers may be different. For example, the Ag concentration in the first metal layer (lower layer) may be lower than the Ag concentration in the second metal layer (upper layer). In this way, the electron injection from the second electrode 123 to the OLED layer 122 can be improved while increasing the light extraction efficiency.

[0072] The transparent conductive oxide layer contains a transparent conductive oxide. The transparent conductive oxide can be a material similar to the transparent conductive oxide of the first electrode 121 described above; specifically, indium zinc oxide (IZO) is an example.

[0073] (Emitting element 13IR) In one embodiment, the lighting element 13IR is an OLED element. The lighting element 13IR can emit infrared light as invisible light based on control of a drive circuit or the like. The lighting element 13IR may also be an element used for gaze detection in eyewear devices or the like. The peak wavelength of the infrared light emitted by the lighting element 13IR is, for example, in the range of 760 nm to 1440 nm, more specifically, for example, about 950 nm. The lighting element 13IR is an example of a second lighting element. The lighting element 12 and the lighting element 13IR are connected to different drive circuits and their emission can be controlled independently.

[0074] The light-emitting element 13IR surrounds the light-emitting element 12 in a plan view. The light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 13IR has, for example, an annular shape in a plan view. The light-emitting element 13IR includes, in order, a first electrode 131, an OLED layer 132IR, and a second electrode 123 on the first surface of the drive substrate 11.

[0075] (First Electrode 131) The first electrode 131 is provided on the second surface side of the OLED layer 132IR. The first electrode 131 is an individual electrode provided separately for each light-emitting element 13IR. The first electrode 131 is an anode. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 123, holes are injected from the first electrode 131 into the OLED layer 132IR. The first electrode 131 has the same shape (e.g., annular) as the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 13IR in a plan view, for example. The material and layer configuration of the first electrode 131 may be the same as or different from that of the first electrode 121.

[0076] (OLED layer 132IR) The OLED layer 132IR is provided between the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 123. The OLED layer 132IR is provided individually for each light-emitting element 13IR. The OLED layer 132IR includes an organic light-emitting layer (hereinafter referred to as the "infrared organic light-emitting layer") capable of emitting infrared light.

[0077] The OLED layer 132IR may be composed of a laminate including an infrared organic light-emitting layer, in which case some of the layers of the laminate (e.g., a hole injection layer, an electron injection layer, etc.) may be inorganic layers. The OLED layer 132IR has, for example, a single-layer light-emitting unit. The OLED layer 132IR having a single-layer light-emitting unit has the same configuration as the OLED layer 122R, except that it has, for example, an infrared organic light-emitting layer as the organic light-emitting layer. However, the OLED layer 132IR is not limited to having a single-layer light-emitting unit, but may have two light-emitting units (tandem structure), or may have other structures.

[0078] (Second electrode 123) The second electrode 123 is provided on the first surface side of the OLED layer 132IR. The second electrode 123 is shared by a plurality of light-emitting elements 12 and a plurality of light-emitting elements 13IR. The second electrode 123 is as described in the description of the light-emitting elements 12.

[0079] (Driver substrate 11) The driver substrate 11 is a so-called backplane and can drive a plurality of light-emitting elements 12 and a plurality of light-emitting elements 13IR. The driver substrate 11 comprises, for example, a substrate 111 and an insulating layer 112 in that order.

[0080] Multiple first drive transistors and multiple second drive transistors (not shown) are provided on the first surface side of the substrate 111. The first drive transistors are for driving the light-emitting element 12. The second drive transistors are for driving the light-emitting element 13IR. The substrate 111 may be, for example, a semiconductor substrate that facilitates the formation of drive transistors, or a glass substrate or resin substrate with low permeability to moisture and oxygen. The semiconductor substrate includes, for example, amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or single-crystal silicon. The glass substrate includes, for example, high-strain-point glass, soda glass, borosilicate glass, forsterite, lead glass, or quartz glass. The resin substrate includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylphenol, polyethersulfone, polyimide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthalate.

[0081] The insulating layer 112 is provided on the first surface of the substrate 111 and covers a plurality of first drive transistors and a plurality of second drive transistors, etc. The insulating layer 112 includes a plurality of contact plugs 112a, a plurality of contact plugs 112b, a plurality of contact plugs 112c, and a plurality of wirings (not shown) such as potential supply wiring. The contact plugs 112a electrically connect the light-emitting element 12 and the first drive transistor. The contact plugs 112b electrically connect the light-emitting element 13IR and the second drive transistor. The contact plugs 112c electrically connect the second electrode 123 and the potential supply wiring (not shown).

[0082] The contact plugs 112a, 122b, and 112c include, for example, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper (Cu) and titanium (Ti). The wiring is composed of, for example, a metal layer. The metal layer includes, for example, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of tungsten (W) and tungsten (Cu). A barrier metal may be provided on the surface of the wiring. The barrier metal may be, for example, tantalum (Ta) or tantalum nitride (TaN). ｘ ) and others.

[0083] The insulating layer 112 is, for example, an organic insulating layer, an inorganic insulating layer, or a laminate thereof. The organic insulating layer includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide resins, acrylic resins, and novolac resins. The inorganic insulating layer is, for example, silicon oxide (SiO ｘ ), silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ) and silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ It includes at least one species selected from the group consisting of the following:

[0084] (Insulating layer 14) The insulating layer 14 prevents electrical contact between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123, and also prevents electrical contact between the first electrode 131 and the second electrode 123. The insulating layer 14 is provided on the first surface of the drive substrate 11 in the portion between adjacent first electrodes 121 and first electrodes 131 within the sub-pixel 10. The insulating layer 14 provided in this portion covers the side surface and the peripheral edge of the first surface of the first electrode 121, and covers the inner side surface and the inner peripheral edge of the first surface of the first electrode 131.

[0085] The insulating layer 14 is also provided on the outer portion of the first surface of the drive substrate 11, specifically the portion outside the first electrode 131. The insulating layer 14 provided in this portion covers the outer side surface of the first electrode 131 and the outer peripheral edge of the first surface of the first electrode 131. Figure 2B shows an example where the insulating layer 14 is separated between adjacent subpixels 10, but it may also be connected between adjacent subpixels 10.

[0086] The insulating layer 14 is, for example, an organic insulating layer, an inorganic insulating layer, or a laminate thereof. The organic insulating layer includes, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of polyimide resins, acrylic resins, and novolac resins. The inorganic insulating layer is, for example, silicon oxide (SiO ｘ ), silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ) and silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ It includes at least one species selected from the group consisting of the following:

[0087] (Protective layer 15) The protective layer 15 is provided on the first surface of the second electrode 123 and covers the plurality of subpixels 10. The protective layer 15 is transparent to visible light (red light, green light, and blue light) and infrared light emitted by the plurality of subpixels 10. The protective layer 15 can protect the subpixels 10, etc. For example, the protective layer 15 can suppress the intrusion of moisture into the light-emitting element 12, etc. from the external environment. If the second electrode 123 is made of a metal layer, the protective layer 15 may have a function to suppress the oxidation of this metal layer.

[0088] The protective layer 15 includes, for example, at least one of an inorganic material and an organic material with low hygroscopicity. The protective layer 15 may be a single layer or a multilayer structure. When increasing the thickness of the protective layer 15, a multilayer structure is preferable to relieve internal stress in the protective layer 15. The inorganic material is, for example, silicon oxide (SiO₂). ｘ ), silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ), silicon oxide nitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ ), titanium oxide (TiO ｘ ) and aluminum oxide (AlO ｘ The organic material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of, for example, thermosetting resins and photosensitive resins. The photosensitive resin includes, for example, ultraviolet curable resins. Specifically, the organic material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of, for example, acrylic resins, polyimide resins, novolac resins, epoxy resins, norbornene resins and parylene resins.

[0089] The protective layer 15 preferably includes a deposited layer in which atomic layers are deposited. The deposited layer may be an ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) layer. Including a deposited layer in the protective layer 15 can improve the effect of the protective layer 15 in suppressing moisture penetration. The deposited layer includes, for example, a metal oxide or a metal nitride. The metal oxide is, for example, aluminum oxide (AlO2). ｘ ) or titanium dioxide (TiO ｘ ) contains. Metal nitrides include, for example, titanium nitride (TiNｘ ) includes.

[0090] (Lens Array 16) The lens array 16 is provided on the first surface of the protective layer 15. However, a planarization layer (not shown) may be provided between the lens array 16 and the protective layer 15. The lens array 16 includes a plurality of lenses 161. Each lens 161 is provided above the light-emitting element 12 and the light-emitting element 13IR. That is, the light-emitting element 12 and the light-emitting element 13IR share the lens 161 provided above them. The lens 161 is capable of transmitting visible light and infrared light emitted from the light-emitting element 12 and the light-emitting element 13IR, respectively, which are located below it.

[0091] The lens 161 can focus the light incident from the sub-pixel 10 in a forward direction. The lens 161 is a convex lens having a convex focusing surface on the side opposite to the side of the light-emitting element 12 and the light-emitting element 13IR. The focusing surface is preferably a convex curved surface. Specifically, the lens 161 is, for example, a spherical lens or an aspherical lens. The multiple lenses 161 are so-called on-chip microlenses (OCLs) and are arranged two-dimensionally on the first surface of the protective layer 15 in a predetermined arrangement pattern. The predetermined arrangement pattern is as described in one embodiment as a predetermined arrangement pattern of the multiple sub-pixels 10. The center of the lens 161 may substantially coincide with the center of the light-emitting region of the sub-pixel 10 in a plan view.

[0092] As shown in Figure 2B, the lens 161 has a first region R1 and a second region R2, which has a lower light-gathering efficiency than the first region R1, as its light-gathering surface. Here, light-gathering efficiency refers to the light-gathering efficiency directed towards the front direction (+Z direction) of the display device 101. Specifically, the light-gathering efficiency of the first region R1 refers to the proportion of light that is focused in the front direction out of the light incident on the first region R1 from a light source (light-emitting element 12, 13IR) located below the lens 161. The light-gathering efficiency of the second region R2 refers to the proportion of light that is focused in the front direction out of the light incident on the second region R2 from a light source (light-emitting element 12, 13IR) located below the lens 161.

[0093] The first region R1 may have the same shape as the light-emitting element 12 (for example, a circular shape) in a plan view. The second region R2 is provided so as to surround the first region R1 in a plan view. The second region R2 may have the same shape as the light-emitting element 13IR (for example, an annular shape) in a plan view. The light-emitting element 12 is provided at a position corresponding to the first region R1. Specifically, the light-emitting element 12 is provided at a position that overlaps with the first region R1 in a plan view. That is, the portion of the lens 161 corresponding to the first region R1 is located above the light-emitting element 12. The light-emitting element 13IR is provided at a position corresponding to the second region R2. Specifically, the light-emitting element 13IR is provided at a position that overlaps with the second region R2 in a plan view. That is, the portion of the lens 161 corresponding to the second region R2 is located above the light-emitting element 13IR.

[0094] The first region R1 is the central region of the lens 161 in a plan view. The first region R1 has the same shape (for example, circular) as the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 in a plan view. The second region R2 is the peripheral region of the lens 161 in a plan view. Here, the peripheral region of the lens 161 refers to a region with a predetermined width extending inward from the periphery of the bottom surface of the lens 161. The second region R2 is provided so as to surround the first region R1 in a plan view. The second region R2 has the same shape (for example, annular) as the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 13IR in a plan view.

[0095] The lens 161 includes, for example, an organic resin material or an inorganic material that is transparent to visible light. The organic resin material includes, for example, a cured product of a photosensitive resin composition such as an ultraviolet curable resin composition. The inorganic material is, for example, silicon nitride (Si ｘ N ｙ ) and silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ It includes at least one selected from the group consisting of ) etc. Lens 161 may also contain fillers. The refractive index of lens 161 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of filler contained in lens 161.

[0096] As described above, since the lens array 16 is provided on the first surface of the protective layer 15, the visible light and infrared light emitted from the multiple light-emitting elements 12 and the multiple light-emitting elements 13IR can be focused by the lens array 16. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency of the display device 101 can be increased.

[0097] [Method for Manufacturing the Display Device 101] An example of a method for manufacturing the display device 101 according to one embodiment will be described below with reference to Figures 5A to 8B.

[0098] (Process for forming the first electrode 121) First, a metal layer and a metal oxide layer are sequentially formed on the first surface of the drive substrate 11, for example by sputtering, and then the metal layer and metal oxide layer are patterned, for example by photolithography. As a result, a plurality of first electrodes 121 and a plurality of first electrodes 131 are formed on the first surface of the drive substrate 11.

[0099] (Insulating layer 14 formation process) Next, an insulating layer 14 is formed on the first surface of the drive substrate 11 so as to cover the plurality of first electrodes 121 and the plurality of first electrodes 131, for example by CVD. Next, the insulating layer 14 is processed, for example by photolithography.

[0100] (Process for forming OLED layer 132IR) Next, as shown in Figure 5A, the mask 21 is placed above the first surface of the drive substrate 11 such that the opening of the mask 21 is located above each first electrode 131. Then, the OLED layer 132IR is formed on the first surface of each first electrode 131 via the mask 21 by a vapor deposition method. After that, as shown in Figure 5B, the mask 21 is removed from above the first surface of the drive substrate 11.

[0101] (Formation process of OLED layer 122G) Next, as shown in Figure 5C, the mask 22 is placed above the first surface of the drive substrate 11 such that the opening of the mask 22 is located above the first electrode 121 of each subpixel 10G. Then, the OLED layer 122G is formed on the first electrode 121 of each subpixel 10G via the mask 22 by a vapor deposition method (see Figure 6A).

[0102] (Formation process of OLED layer 122R) Next, as shown in Figure 6B, the mask 22 is moved so that the opening of the mask 22 is positioned above the first electrode 121 of each subpixel 10R, and then the OLED layer 122R is formed on the first electrode 121 of each subpixel 10R via the mask 22 by a vapor deposition method (see Figure 6C).

[0103] (Formation process of OLED layer 122B) Next, as shown in Figure 7A, the mask 22 is moved so that the opening of the mask 22 is positioned above the first electrode 121 of each subpixel 10B, and then the OLED layer 122B is formed on the first electrode 121 of each subpixel 10B via the mask 22 by a vapor deposition method. After that, as shown in Figure 7B, the mask 22 is removed from above the first surface of the drive substrate 11.

[0104] Here, we have described an example in which a common mask 22 is used in the formation process of OLED layers 122G, 122R, and 122B, but different masks may be used in the formation process of OLED layers 122G, 122R, and 122B.

[0105] (Process for forming the second electrode 123) Next, the second electrode 123 is formed on the first surface of the drive substrate 11, for example by a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method, so as shown in Figure 7C, that it covers a plurality of OLED layers 122R, 122G, 122B, a plurality of OLED layers 132IR, and an insulating layer 14.

[0106] (Protective layer 15 formation process) Next, a protective layer 15 is formed on the first surface of the second electrode 123, for example by CVD, as shown in Figure 8A.

[0107] (Process for forming the lens array 16) Next, a photosensitive resin as a lens material is applied to the first surface of the protective layer 15, for example by a spin coating method, and cured by light irradiation to form a photosensitive resin layer as a lens material layer. Next, a plurality of columnar bodies are formed on the photosensitive resin layer by patterning the photosensitive resin layer, for example by photolithography technology. Next, the plurality of columnar bodies are processed into a convex curved surface shape, for example by reflow treatment (heat treatment) or etch-back. As a result, a plurality of lenses 161 are formed on the first surface of the protective layer 15, as shown in Figure 8B.

[0108] (Cutting process) Next, the drive substrate 11, in which each layer has been formed as described above, is cut out and made into individual pieces. This gives rise to the display device 101. Next, if necessary, a flexible printed circuit board may be connected to the pad portion 113 of the display device 101.

[0109] [Effects] As described above, in the display device 101 according to one embodiment, the light-emitting element 12 and the light-emitting element 13IR share a lens 161 provided above them. The lens 161 has a light-collecting surface with a first region R1 and a second region R2 which has lower light-collecting efficiency than the first region R1. The light-emitting element 12 is provided at a position corresponding to the first region R1, and the light-emitting element 13IR is provided at a position corresponding to the second region R2. As a result, most of the visible light (red light, green light, or blue light) emitted from the light-emitting element 12 is incident on the first region R1 which has high light-collecting efficiency, and most of the light emitted from the light-emitting element 13IR is incident on the second region R2 which has low light-collecting efficiency. Therefore, the decrease in display brightness due to the provision of the light-emitting element 13IR can be suppressed. Thus, a display device 101 capable of emitting infrared light while suppressing a decrease in display performance can be provided. In addition, since most of the visible light emitted from the light-emitting element 12 can be efficiently directed forward, the display device 101 can be made to consume less power.

[0110] <3 Modifications> [Modification 1] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2A and 3, an example was described in which the sub-pixel 10 has a circular shape in plan view. However, the shape of the sub-pixel 10 in plan view is not limited to this example. For example, the sub-pixel 10 may have an elliptical or polygonal shape in plan view. Specific examples of polygonal shapes include quadrilaterals and hexagons, but are not limited to these shapes. In this disclosure, elliptical and polygonal shapes are not limited to these shapes in a mathematically strict sense, but include shapes that are visually close to these shapes. For example, elliptical and polygonal shapes include shapes in which the elliptical and polygonal shapes are distorted or deformed within the range of tolerances and errors, respectively.

[0111] If the sub-pixel 10 has an elliptical shape in plan view, the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 will have an elliptical shape in plan view, and the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 13IR may, for example, have an elliptical ring shape in plan view. If the sub-pixel 10 has a polygonal shape in plan view, the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 will have a polygonal shape in plan view, and the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 13IR may have a polygonal ring shape, etc., in plan view. Specific examples of polygonal rings include quadrilateral rings and hexagonal rings, but the invention is not limited to these shapes.

[0112] If the sub-pixel 10 has an elliptical shape in plan view, the lens 161 is preferably an elliptical lens. If the sub-pixel 10 has a polygonal shape in plan view, the lens 161 is preferably a lens with a polygonal shape in plan view, that is, a lens with a polygonal base. In this case, the light-emitting element 13IR is preferably provided along at least one side that constitutes the base of the lens 161 in plan view, and more preferably along each side that constitutes the base of the lens 161 in plan view.

[0113] The following describes an example of a sub-pixel 10 having a rectangular shape in a plan view, with reference to Figures 9 and 10. The light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 may have a rectangular shape in a plan view. A pair of light-emitting elements 13IR may be provided so as to sandwich the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12. The light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 13IR may have an elongated rectangular shape in a plan view. The elongated rectangular shape extends along the sides of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12.

[0114] The lens 161 may be a cylindrical lens. The cylindrical lens is positioned such that the power direction (the direction of the generatrix of the cylindrical lens) coincides with the X-axis direction. The light-emitting element 13IR is provided along the edges located on both sides of the power direction (the direction perpendicular to the generatrix of the cylindrical lens). The power direction is the direction of maximum power of the cylindrical lens surface, that is, the direction with maximum curvature, and represents the direction perpendicular to the generatrix of the cylindrical lens surface and the optical axis.

[0115] [Modification 2] In one embodiment, an example was described in which the shape of the lens 161 is the same for sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B. However, the shape of the lens 161 is not limited to this example, and the shape of the lens 161 may differ for each sub-pixel 10R, 10G, and 10B with different emission colors, as shown in Figure 11.

[0116] [Modification 3] In one embodiment, an example was described in which all sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B include the light-emitting element 13IR, as shown in Figure 3. However, the configuration of sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B is not limited to this example. One of the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B may include the light-emitting element 13IR, as shown in Figure 12, or two of the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B may include the light-emitting element 13IR. Note that in Figure 12, an example is shown in which sub-pixel 10B of the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B includes the light-emitting element 13IR, but sub-pixel 10G of the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B may include the light-emitting element 13IR, or sub-pixel 10G of the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B may include the light-emitting element 13IR.

[0117] The lifespan of an OLED element varies depending on the emission wavelength peak of the OLED element; OLED elements with longer emission wavelength peaks have longer driving lifespans. Therefore, when the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B are OLED elements, the driving lifespan of the light-emitting elements 12 increases in the order of light-emitting elements 12B, 12G, and 12R. From the viewpoint of securing the area of ​​the light-emitting element 12B and suppressing the shortening of the driving life of the light-emitting element 12B, it is preferable that one or both of the sub-pixels 10R and 10G include the light-emitting element 13IR.

[0118] Furthermore, some sub-pixels 10 included in a portion of the display area RE1 may include light-emitting elements 12 and 13IR, while the remaining sub-pixels 10 included in the remaining portion may include light-emitting elements 12. Examples of the portion of the display area RE1 include the central or peripheral region, but are not limited to these regions. The portion of the display area may have a predetermined pattern such as concentric, stripe, or dot patterns, or a predetermined geometric pattern.

[0119] [Modification 4] In one embodiment, an example was described in which the light-emitting element 13IR is provided within the sub-pixel 10, as shown in Figure 3. However, the formation position of the light-emitting element 13IR is not limited to this example. For example, the light-emitting element 13IR may be provided in the gap between adjacent sub-pixels 10 on the first surface of the drive substrate 11, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, filling the space between adjacent sub-pixels 10. In this case, the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B may be composed of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B, respectively. The light-emitting element 13IR may be provided throughout the entire display area RE1, or in a part of the display area RE1. Examples of the part of the area can be the same as the part of the area in Modification 3. In Figure 13, the area with the dot pattern represents the infrared light emission area in a plan view.

[0120] In the display device 101 according to Modification 4, the light-emitting element 13IR is provided in the gap between adjacent sub-pixels 10 on the first surface of the drive substrate 11, filling the space between adjacent sub-pixels 10. Therefore, the reduction in the area of ​​the sub-pixels 10 for visible light display caused by the provision of the light-emitting element 13IR can be suppressed. Thus, a display device 101 capable of emitting infrared light while suppressing a decrease in display performance can be provided.

[0121] [Modification 5] In one embodiment, an example was described in which the light-emitting element 13IR is provided on the first surface of the drive substrate 11, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B. However, the formation position of the light-emitting element 13IR is not limited to this example, and for example, the light-emitting element 13IR may be provided inside the drive substrate 11, more specifically inside the insulating layer 112, as shown in Figure 15. In this case, the light-emitting element 13IR may be provided over the entire display area RE1, or in a part of the display area RE1. Examples of the part of the display area include the same as the part of the display area in Modification 3. Infrared light emitted from the portion of the light-emitting element 13IR located below the first electrode 121 may be reflected between the first electrode 121 and the drive substrate 11 and emitted upward from the portion between adjacent sub-pixels 10. In Modification 5, the light-emitting element 13IR may include a second electrode 133 provided individually for each light-emitting element 13IR, or it may include a second electrode 133 shared by a plurality of light-emitting elements 13IR.

[0122] [Modification 6] In one embodiment, an example was described in which the display device 101 comprises a plurality of light-emitting elements 12R capable of emitting red light, a plurality of light-emitting elements 12G capable of emitting green light, and a plurality of light-emitting elements 12B capable of emitting blue light. However, the method of colorizing the display device 101 is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Figure 16, the display device 101 may be equipped with a plurality of light-emitting elements 12W capable of emitting white light and a color filter 17 instead of the plurality of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B, and a color image may be displayed by a combination of these.

[0123] In the modified example 6, the light-emitting element 12W is an OLED element. The light-emitting element 12W is included in the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B of each color. The light-emitting element 12W sequentially includes a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122W, and a second electrode 123 on the first surface of the drive substrate 11. The OLED layer 122W is connected between adjacent light-emitting elements 12 in the in-plane direction and is a common layer for multiple light-emitting elements 12. That is, multiple light-emitting elements 12 share the OLED layer 122.

[0124] The OLED layer 122W includes an organic light-emitting layer (hereinafter referred to as the "white organic light-emitting layer") capable of emitting white light. The OLED layer 122W may be composed of a laminate including the white organic light-emitting layer. In this case, the OLED layer 122W may have a single-layer light-emitting unit, a two-layer light-emitting unit (tandem structure), or a structure other than these.

[0125] The color filter 17 is a so-called on-chip color filter (OCCF). The color filter 17 is provided on the first surface of the protective layer 15. However, a planarization layer (not shown) may be provided between the color filter 17 and the protective layer 15. The color filter 17 includes, for example, a plurality of colored layers 171R, a plurality of colored layers 171G, and a plurality of colored layers 171B. In the following description, when the colored layers 171R, 171G, and 171B are referred to collectively without particular distinction, they may simply be called colored layer 171.

[0126] Multiple colored layers 171 are arranged two-dimensionally on the first surface of the protective layer 15 or the first surface of the planarization layer in a predetermined arrangement pattern. The predetermined arrangement pattern is as described for the predetermined arrangement pattern of multiple sub-pixels 10. Each colored layer 171 is provided above the light-emitting element 12. Sub-pixel 10R includes a light-emitting element 12W, a light-emitting element 13IR, and a colored layer 171R provided above these light-emitting elements 12W and 13IR. Sub-pixel 10G includes a light-emitting element 12W, a light-emitting element 13IR, and a colored layer 171G provided above these light-emitting elements 12W and 13IR. Sub-pixel 10B includes a light-emitting element 12W, a light-emitting element 13IR, and a colored layer 171B provided above these light-emitting elements 12W and 13IR.

[0127] The colored layer 171R has a red color. The colored layer 171R transmits the red light component of the white light emitted by the light-emitting element 12, while absorbing components other than red light. The colored layer 171G has a green color. The colored layer 171G transmits the green light component of the white light emitted by the light-emitting element 12, while absorbing components other than green light. The colored layer 171B has a blue color. The colored layer 171B transmits the blue light component of the white light emitted by the light-emitting element 12, while absorbing components other than blue light.

[0128] The colored layer 171R includes, for example, a red color resist. The colored layer 171G includes, for example, a green color resist. The colored layer 171B includes, for example, a blue color resist.

[0129] The light-emitting element 13IR may be provided within the drive substrate 11, more specifically within the insulating layer 112, as shown in Figure 16. In this case, the light-emitting element 13IR may be provided over the entire display area RE1, or in a portion of the display area RE1. Examples of the portion of the display area include those similar to the portion of the display area in Modification 3.

[0130] [Modification 7] In Modification 6, an example was described in which the display device 101 is equipped with a color filter 17. However, a quantum dot layer may be provided instead of the color filter 17, or a quantum dot layer may be provided together with the color filter 17. The quantum dot layer is a color conversion layer that contains quantum dots (semiconductor particles) and can convert the color of light emitted from a plurality of light-emitting elements. In this case, the plurality of light-emitting elements 12 may be configured to emit blue light.

[0131] [Modification 8] In the entire display area RE1, the geometric centers of the colored layer 171 and the lens 161 may substantially coincide with the geometric centers of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 in the in-plane direction. However, the positional relationship between the colored layer 171, the lens 161 and the light-emitting element 12 is not limited to this example. For example, in the central part of the display area RE1, the geometric centers of the colored layer 171 and the lens 161 substantially coincide with the geometric centers of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 in the in-plane direction, whereas in the peripheral part of the display area RE1, the geometric centers of the colored layer 171 and the lens 161 may be shifted towards the outer periphery of the display area RE1 with respect to the geometric centers of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 in the in-plane direction. In this case, the principal ray axis of the peripheral part of the display area RE1 can be tilted outward from the display area RE1 with respect to the normal (Z-axis) of the display surface. Thus, the display device 101 can be made wide FOV (Field of View). Here, the geometric center of the colored layer 171, the geometric center of the lens 161, and the geometric center of the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element 12 all represent the geometric center in a plan view. Furthermore, the peripheral portion of the display area RE1 represents the portion having a predetermined width extending inward from the peripheral portion of the display area RE1, and the central portion of the display area RE1 represents the portion inside the peripheral portion.

[0132] [Modification 9] In one embodiment, an example was described in which the display device 101 includes a plurality of sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B. However, the configuration of the display device 101 is not limited to this example, and the display device 101 may include a plurality of infrared pixels, each composed of a light-emitting element 13IR, instead of the plurality of sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, as shown in Figures 17 and 18. The infrared pixels 10IR are capable of emitting infrared light.

[0133] The light-emitting element 12W may be provided within the drive substrate 11, more specifically within the insulating layer 112, as shown in Figure 18. In this case, the light-emitting element 12W may be provided over the entire display area RE1, or it may be provided in a part of the display area RE1. Examples of the part of the display area include the same area as in the modified example 3.

[0134] [Modification 10] As shown in Figure 19, the display device 101 may further include a plurality of light-receiving elements 18. The light-receiving elements 18 may be light-receiving elements for gaze detection in eyewear devices, etc. The light-receiving elements 18 receive infrared light emitted from the light-emitting element 13IR and reflected by the eyeball, etc., and can output an electrical signal in response to the received light. The light-receiving elements 18 are arranged in a predetermined arrangement pattern in a two-dimensional manner on the first surface of the drive substrate 11, in a location where a plurality of sub-pixels 10 are not provided. However, the arrangement position of the light-receiving elements 18 is not limited to this example, and for example, they may be provided within the insulating layer 112 of the drive substrate 11.

[0135] In the above modified example 10, an example was described in which the display device 101 according to one embodiment further comprises a light-receiving element 18. However, the display devices 101 of modified examples 1 to 9 and 11 to 16 may also further comprise a light-receiving element 18.

[0136] [Modification 11] In one embodiment, an example was described in which the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B, and 13IR are OLED elements. However, the types of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B are not limited to this example, and the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B, and 13IR may be, for example, LED (Light Emitting Diode) elements, quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) elements, or self-emissive light-emitting elements such as semiconductor laser elements. The light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, 12B, and 13IR may include two or more types of light-emitting elements. For example, the types of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B that can emit visible light may be different from the type of light-emitting element 13IR that can emit invisible light.

[0137] The compound semiconductor layer of the LED element as light-emitting element 12R includes, for example, an AlGaAs-based compound semiconductor. The compound semiconductor layer of the LED element as light-emitting element 12G includes, for example, a GaNMgIn-based compound semiconductor. The compound semiconductor layer of the LED element as light-emitting element 12B includes, for example, a GaNMgIn-based compound semiconductor. The compound semiconductor layer of the LED element as light-emitting element 13IR includes, for example, a GaAsP-based compound semiconductor.

[0138] The peak wavelength of red light emitted by the light-emitting element 12R (LED element) is, for example, approximately 630 nm. The peak wavelength of green light emitted by the light-emitting element 12G (LED element) is, for example, approximately 535 nm. The peak wavelength of blue light emitted by the light-emitting element 12B (LED element) is, for example, approximately 460 nm. The peak wavelength of infrared light emitted by the light-emitting element 13IR (LED element) is, for example, in the range of 760 nm to 1440 nm, more specifically, approximately 850 nm.

[0139] The luminous efficiency of an LED element varies depending on the emission wavelength peak of the LED element, with LED elements having shorter emission wavelengths having higher luminous efficiency. Therefore, when the light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B are LED elements, the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting elements 12 increases in the order of light-emitting elements 12R, 12G, and 12B. For this reason, from the viewpoint of securing the area of ​​the light-emitting element 12R and suppressing a decrease in the brightness of the light-emitting element 12R, it is preferable that one or both of the sub-pixels 10G and 10B include the light-emitting element 13IR.

[0140] [Modification 12] In one embodiment, an example was described in which the light-emitting element 13IR can emit infrared light as invisible light. However, the invisible light emitted by the light-emitting element 13IR is not limited to this example. For example, the light-emitting element 13IR may also emit ultraviolet light as invisible light. The peak wavelength of the ultraviolet light emitted by the light-emitting element 13IR is, for example, in the range of 300 nm to 430 nm.

[0141] [Modification 13] The display device 101 may further include at least one of the following pixels: a plurality of yellow sub-pixels capable of emitting yellow light, a plurality of white sub-pixels capable of emitting white light, a plurality of sub-pixels capable of emitting yellow light and infrared light, and a plurality of sub-pixels capable of emitting white light and infrared light. The yellow sub-pixels include an element that can emit yellow light. The white sub-pixels include an element that can emit white light. The sub-pixels capable of emitting yellow light include an element that can emit yellow light and an element that can emit invisible light such as infrared light or ultraviolet light. The sub-pixels capable of emitting white light include an element that can emit white light and an element that can emit invisible light such as infrared light or ultraviolet light.

[0142] [Modification 14] In one embodiment, an example was described in which the lens 161 is a convex lens having a convex light-gathering surface on the side opposite to the light-emitting element 12 and the light-emitting element 13IR (see Figure 2B). However, the type of lens 161 is not limited to this. For example, the lens 161 may be a concave lens, a Fresnel lens, a cylindrical lens, or a metalens having a concave curved surface on the side opposite to the light-emitting element 12 and the light-emitting element 13IR. From among the above lenses, different lenses may be selected for each sub-pixel 10R, 10G, and 10B.

[0143] [Modification 15] From the viewpoint of improving light extraction efficiency and / or color purity, the light-emitting element 12 may have a resonator structure. Here, an example in which the light-emitting element 12 has a resonator structure will be described, but the light-emitting element 13IR may also have a resonator structure.

[0144] If the first electrode 121 is a reflective electrode that functions as a reflective layer, a resonator structure may be formed by the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123. In this case, the optical distance between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 may be set by the thickness of the OLED layer 122, by the selection of the material of the first electrode 121, or by a combination of these.

[0145] If the first electrode 121 is a transparent electrode, a reflective layer may be provided below the transparent electrode, and the resonator structure may be formed by the reflective layer and the second electrode 123. In this case, the optical distance between the reflective layer and the second electrode 123 may be set by the thickness of the OLED layer 122, by the selection of the material of the reflective layer, by the thickness of the insulating layer provided between the first electrode 121 (transparent electrode) and the reflective layer, or by a combination of two or more of these. Details of the resonator structure will be explained in "4. Examples of Resonator Structures".

[0146] [Modification 16] The display device 101 may further include a protective layer on the lens array 16. The protective layer may be an inorganic layer formed by vacuum deposition technology, or an organic layer (coating layer) formed by coating with a resin composition. The inorganic layer may be, for example, a chemically deposited film formed by CVD. The organic layer may include, for example, at least one curable resin from among thermosetting resins and ultraviolet curable resins. Preferably, the organic layer is composed of a hard coat layer. This can improve the scratch resistance and weather resistance of the display device 101. Instead of the above protective layer, the display device 101 may sequentially include a filler resin layer and a cover glass on the lens array 16.

[0147] [Other Modifications] Although one embodiment of the present disclosure and its modifications (hereinafter referred to as "Embodiment, etc.") have been described in detail above, the present disclosure is not limited to Embodiment, etc., and various modifications based on the technical idea of ​​the present disclosure are possible.

[0148] For example, the configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, and numerical values ​​listed in one embodiment are merely examples, and different configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, and numerical values ​​may be used as needed.

[0149] The configuration, methods, processes, shapes, materials, and numerical values ​​of one embodiment, etc., can be combined with each other without departing from the spirit of this disclosure.

[0150] Unless otherwise specified, the materials exemplified in one embodiment, etc., can be used individually or in combination of two or more types.

[0151] Furthermore, the present disclosure may also adopt the following configurations: (1) A display device comprising a plurality of pixels arranged in two dimensions, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of pixels includes a first light-emitting element capable of emitting visible light and a second light-emitting element capable of emitting invisible light. (2) The display device according to (1), wherein the second light-emitting element is provided so as to surround or sandwich the first light-emitting element. (3) The display device according to (1) or (2), wherein at least a portion of the plurality of pixels further includes a lens provided above the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element. (4) The display device according to (3), wherein the lens has a first region and a second region having a lower light-gathering efficiency than the first region, the first light-emitting element is provided corresponding to the first region, and the second light-emitting element is provided corresponding to the second region. (5) The display device according to (4), wherein the lens has a convex surface on the side opposite to the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, the first region is the central region of the lens in a plan view, and the second region is the peripheral region of the lens in a plan view. (6) The display device according to (3), wherein the lens is a spherical lens or an ellipsoidal lens, and the second light-emitting element has an annular shape in a plan view. (7) The display device according to (3), wherein the lens has a polygonal shape in a plan view, and the second light-emitting element is provided along at least one edge that constitutes the bottom surface of the lens in a plan view. (8) The display device according to (3), wherein the lens is a cylindrical lens, and the second light-emitting element is provided along the edges located on both sides of the lens in the power direction. (9) The display device according to (3), wherein the plurality of pixels include a plurality of types of pixels with different emission colors, and the shape of the lens differs depending on the type of pixel. (10) The display device according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the plurality of pixels include first pixels, second pixels, and third pixels of different types, and at least one of the first pixels, second pixels, and third pixels includes the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element.(11) The display device according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the plurality of pixels include red pixels, green pixels, blue pixels, and yellow or white pixels, and at least one of the red pixels, green pixels, blue pixels, and yellow pixels, or at least one of the red pixels, green pixels, blue pixels, and white pixels, includes the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element. (12) The display device according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the plurality of pixels include red pixels, green pixels, and blue pixels, and one or both of the red pixels and green pixels include the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element. (13) The display device according to any one of (1) to (12), wherein the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element can be controlled to emit light independently. (14) The display device according to any one of (1) to (13), wherein the invisible light includes infrared light having a peak wavelength in the range of 760 nm to 1440 nm, or ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength in the range of 300 nm to 430 nm. (15) The display device according to any one of (1) to (14), further comprising a photodetector. (16) A display device comprising: a plurality of pixels arranged in two dimensions; and at least one light-emitting element provided to fill the space between adjacent pixels in a planar view and capable of emitting invisible light. (17) The display device according to (16), further comprising a drive substrate, wherein the plurality of pixels and the at least one light-emitting element are provided on the drive substrate. (18) The display device according to (16), further comprising a drive substrate, wherein the plurality of pixels are provided on the drive substrate, and the at least one light-emitting element is provided within the drive substrate. (19) A spectacle-type device comprising the display device according to any one of (1) to (18). (20) An electronic device equipped with a display device as described in any one of (1) to (18).

[0152] <4. Examples of Resonator Structures> The sub-pixels 10 included in the display device 101 according to one embodiment and the display device 101 according to a modified example thereof (hereinafter referred to as "display device 101, etc., according to one embodiment") can be configured to have a resonator structure that resonates the light generated by the light-emitting element 12. The resonator structure will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0153] (Resonator Structure: First Example) Figure 20A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the first example of a resonator structure. In the following description, the light-emitting elements 12 provided in correspondence with the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are referred to as light-emitting elements 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ This is the case. The OLED layer 122 or OLED layer 122W provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B are provided in the OLED layer 122 Ｒ , OLED layer 122 Ｇ , OLED layer 122 Ｂ That happens.

[0154] In the first example, the first electrode 121 is formed with a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12. The same applies to the second electrode 123.

[0155] A reflector 71 is positioned below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with an optical adjustment layer 72 in between. A resonator structure is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123 to resonate the light generated by the OLED layer 122. In the following description, the optical adjustment layer 72 provided in accordance with the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B will be referred to as the optical adjustment layer 72 Ｒ , 72 Ｇ , 72 Ｂ That happens.

[0156] The reflector 71 is formed with a common film thickness for each light-emitting element 12. The film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 differs depending on the color that the sub-pixel should display. Optical adjustment layer 72 Ｒ , 72 Ｇ , 72 Ｂ By having different film thicknesses, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimal resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0157] In the example shown in Figure 20A, the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ The upper surfaces of the reflectors 71 are aligned. As described above, the thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 varies depending on the color that the subpixels should display, so the position of the upper surface of the second electrode 123 is such that the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ It varies depending on the type.

[0158] The reflector 71 can be formed using, for example, a metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), or copper (Cu), or an alloy mainly composed of these metals.

[0159] The optical adjustment layer 72 is made of silicon nitride (SiN ｘ ), silicon oxide (SiO ｘ ), silicon oxynitride (SiO ｘ N ｙ It can be constructed using inorganic insulating materials such as ) or organic resin materials such as acrylic resins or polyimide resins. The optical adjustment layer 72 may be a single layer or a laminated film of multiple materials. The number of layers may also differ depending on the type of light-emitting element 12.

[0160] The first electrode 121 can be formed using a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or zinc oxide (ZnO).

[0161] The second electrode 123 needs to function as a semi-transparent reflective film. The second electrode 123 can be formed using magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), or a magnesium-silver alloy (MgAg) mainly composed of these, or an alloy containing alkali metals or alkaline earth metals.

[0162] (Resonator structure: Second example) Figure 20B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a second example of a resonator structure.

[0163] In the second example as well, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are formed with a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12.

[0164] In the second example as well, a reflector 71 is placed below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with an optical adjustment layer 72 in between. A resonator structure is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123 to resonate the light generated by the OLED layer 122. Similar to the first example, the reflector 71 is formed with a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12, while the film thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 differs according to the color that the sub-pixel should display.

[0165] In the first example shown in Figure 20A, the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ The upper surfaces of the reflectors 71 are arranged to be aligned, and the position of the upper surface of the second electrode 123 is such that the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ It varied depending on the type.

[0166] In contrast, in the second example shown in Figure 20B, the upper surface of the second electrode 123 is the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ They are arranged so that they are aligned. In order to align the upper surface of the second electrode 123, the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ In this configuration, the upper surface of the reflector 71 is the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ They are arranged differently depending on the type. For this reason, the lower surface of the reflector 71 (in other words, the upper surface of the base layer (insulating layer) 73) has a stepped shape corresponding to the type of light-emitting element 12.

[0167] The materials and other components constituting the reflector 71, optical adjustment layer 72, first electrode 121, and second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, so their explanation will be omitted.

[0168] (Resonator structure: Third example) Figure 21A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the third example of a resonator structure. In the following description, the reflectors 71 provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B will be referred to as the reflectors 71 Ｒ , 71 Ｇ , 71 Ｂ That happens.

[0169] In the third example as well, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are formed with a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12.

[0170] In the third example, the reflector 71 is positioned below the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12, with the optical adjustment layer 72 in between. A resonator structure is formed between the reflector 71 and the second electrode 123 to resonate the light generated by the OLED layer 122. Similar to the first and second examples, the thickness of the optical adjustment layer 72 varies depending on the color that the subpixel should display. And, similar to the second example, the position of the upper surface of the second electrode 123 is relative to the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ They are arranged so that they are aligned.

[0171] In the second example shown in Figure 21B, the lower surface of the reflector 71 was stepped in shape according to the type of light-emitting element 12 in order to align the upper surface of the second electrode 123.

[0172] In contrast, in the third example shown in Figure 21A, the film thickness of the reflector 71 is equal to the film thickness of the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ It is set differently depending on the type. More specifically, reflector 71 Ｒ , 71 Ｇ , 71 Ｂ The film thickness is set so that the bottom surfaces are aligned.

[0173] The materials and other components constituting the reflector 71, optical adjustment layer 72, first electrode 121, and second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, so their explanation will be omitted.

[0174] (Resonator Structure: Fourth Example) Figure 21B is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the fourth example of a resonator structure. In the following description, the first electrode 121 provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B will be referred to as the first electrode 121 Ｒ , 121 Ｇ , 121 Ｂ That happens.

[0175] In the first example shown in FIG. 21A, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 of each light-emitting element 12 are formed with a common film thickness. A reflection plate 71 is disposed under the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12 with the optical adjustment layer 72 interposed therebetween.

[0176] In contrast, in the fourth example shown in FIG. 21B, the optical adjustment layer 72 is omitted, and the film thickness of the first electrode 121 is adjusted according to the type of the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ to be different from each other.

[0177] The reflection plate 71 is formed with a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12. The film thickness of the first electrode 121 varies depending on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. Since the first electrode 121 Ｒ , 121 Ｇ , 121 Ｂ have different film thicknesses, it is possible to set an optical distance that causes optimal resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0178] The materials constituting the reflection plate 71, the optical adjustment layer 72, the first electrode 121, and the second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, so the description thereof is omitted here.

[0179] (Resonator Structure: Fifth Example) FIG. 22A is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a fifth example of the resonator structure.

[0180] In the first example shown in FIG. 20A, the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 123 are formed with a common film thickness in each light-emitting element 12. A reflection plate 71 is disposed under the first electrode 121 of the light-emitting element 12 with the optical adjustment layer 72 interposed therebetween.

[0181] In contrast, in the fifth example shown in FIG. 22A, the optical adjustment layer 72 is omitted, and instead, an oxide film 74 is formed on the surface of the reflection plate 71. The film thickness of the oxide film 74 is set to be different depending on the type of the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ . In the following description, the oxide films 74 provided corresponding to the sub-pixels 10R, 10G, and 10B, respectively, are referred to as oxide film 74 Ｒ , 74Ｇ , 74 Ｂ in some cases.

[0182] The film thickness of the oxide film 74 varies depending on the color to be displayed by the sub-pixel. The oxide film 74 Ｒ , 74 Ｇ , 74 Ｂ having different film thicknesses makes it possible to set an optical distance that causes optimal resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0183] The oxide film 74 is a film obtained by oxidizing the surface of the reflection plate 71, and is composed of, for example, aluminum oxide, tantalum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide, or the like. The oxide film 74 functions as an insulating film for adjusting the optical path length (optical distance) between the reflection plate 71 and the second electrode 123.

[0184] The light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ the oxide film 74 having a film thickness that varies depending on the type of the light-emitting element can be formed, for example, by the following method.

[0185] First, an electrolytic solution is filled into a container, and a substrate on which the reflection plate 71 is formed is immersed in the electrolytic solution. Further, an electrode is disposed so as to face the reflection plate 71.

[0186] Then, a positive voltage with reference to the electrode is applied to the reflection plate 71 to anodize the reflection plate 71. The film thickness of the oxide film formed by anodization is proportional to the voltage value applied to the electrode. Accordingly, the reflection plate 71 Ｒ , 71 Ｇ , 71 Ｂ anodization is performed in a state where a voltage corresponding to the type of the light-emitting element 12 is applied to each of the reflection plates, whereby oxide films 74 having different film thicknesses can be formed collectively.

[0187] The materials constituting the reflection plate 71, the first electrode 121, and the second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, and thus description thereof is omitted.

[0188] (Resonator Structure: Sixth Example) FIG. 22B is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a sixth example of the resonator structure.

[0189] In the sixth example, the light-emitting element 12 is constructed by stacking a first electrode 121, an OLED layer 122, and a second electrode 123. However, in the sixth example, the first electrode 121 is formed to serve both as an electrode and a reflector. The first electrode (and reflector) 121 is the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ , 12 Ｂ It is formed from a material having optical constants selected according to the type. By having different phase shifts due to the first electrode (which also serves as a reflector) 121, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimal resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0190] The first electrode (and reflector) 121 can be made from a single metal such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), or copper (Cu), or an alloy mainly composed of these metals. For example, the light-emitting element 12 Ｒ First electrode (also serving as reflector) 121 Ｒ The element 12 is formed from copper (Cu). Ｇ First electrode (also serving as reflector) 121 Ｇ and light-emitting element 12 Ｂ First electrode (also serving as reflector) 121 Ｂ The structure can be such that the two parts are formed from aluminum.

[0191] The materials and other components constituting the second electrode 123 are the same as those described in the first example, so their explanation will be omitted.

[0192] (Resonator structure: 7th example) Figure 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the 7th example of a resonator structure.

[0193] The seventh example is basically a light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ For this, the sixth example is applied, and the light-emitting element 12 Ｂ This configuration applies the first example. In this configuration as well, it is possible to set the optical distance that produces the optimal resonance for the wavelength of light corresponding to the color to be displayed.

[0194] Light-emitting element 12 Ｒ , 12 Ｇ First electrode (also serves as a reflector) 121 used in Ｒ , 121Ｇ These can be composed of elemental metals such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), gold (Au), and copper (Cu), or alloys in which these are the main components.

[0195] Light-emitting element 12 Ｂ Reflector 71 used in Ｂ , optical adjustment layer 72 Ｂ and the first electrode 121 Ｂ The materials and other components that make up this are the same as those described in the first example, so we will omit the explanation.

[0196] <5 Application Examples> (Electronic Devices) The display device 101, etc. according to one embodiment may be provided in various electronic devices. The display device 101, etc. according to one embodiment is particularly suitable for eyewear devices such as head-mounted displays that require high resolution and are used with magnification close to the eyes. Eyewear devices are an example of glasses-type devices.

[0197] (Specific Example 1) Figure 24 shows an example of the appearance of a head-mounted display 320. The head-mounted display 320 is an example of an eyewear device. The head-mounted display 320 has, for example, a glasses-shaped display unit 321 and ear hooks 322 on both sides for attachment to the user's head. The display unit 321 includes one of the display devices 101, etc., according to one embodiment.

[0198] Figure 25 is a schematic diagram of the optical system of the head-mounted display 320. The head-mounted display 320 comprises a display device 101 and an image sensor 102. Most of the visible light L1 (red, green, or blue light) emitted from the light-emitting element 12 is incident on the first region R1 (see Figure 2B), which has high light-gathering efficiency, and is focused by the light-gathering surface of the first region R1. The focused visible light L1 reaches the eyeball 103 of the user wearing the head-mounted display 320. Most of the infrared light L2 emitted from the light-emitting element 13IR is mainly incident on the second region R2, which has low light-gathering efficiency, and is focused by the light-gathering surface of the second region R2. The focused infrared light L2 is reflected by the eyeball 103 of the user wearing the head-mounted display 320 and is received by the image sensor 102, which acts as a light-receiving element.

[0199] As described above, the head-mounted display according to Specific Example 1 includes the light-emitting element 13IR within the display device 101. Therefore, the head-mounted display according to Specific Example 1 is advantageous in terms of miniaturization and weight reduction compared to a head-mounted display that includes the light-emitting element outside the display device. Note that if the head-mounted display includes the display device 101 according to Modified Example 10, the image sensor 102 does not need to be included.

[0200] (Specific Example 2) Figure 26 shows an example of the appearance of the see-through head-mounted display 340. The see-through head-mounted display 340 is an example of an eyewear device. The see-through head-mounted display 340 comprises a main body 341, an arm 342, and a lens barrel 343.

[0201] The main body 341 is connected to the arm 342 and the eyeglasses 350. Specifically, the long end of the main body 341 is connected to the arm 342, and one side of the main body 341 is connected to the eyeglasses 350 via a connecting member. The main body 341 may also be directly attached to the head of a person.

[0202] The main body 341 houses a control board for controlling the operation of the see-through head-mounted display 340, as well as a display unit. The arm 342 connects the main body 341 to the lens barrel 343 and supports the lens barrel 343. Specifically, the arm 342 is connected to the end of the main body 341 and the end of the lens barrel 343, respectively, to fix the lens barrel 343 in place. The arm 342 also houses signal lines for communicating image-related data provided from the main body 341 to the lens barrel 343.

[0203] The lens barrel 343 projects image light, provided from the main body 341 via the arm 342, through the eyepiece 351 towards the eyes of the user wearing the see-through head-mounted display 340. In this see-through head-mounted display 340, the display unit of the main body 341 includes one of the display devices 101, etc., according to one embodiment. The see-through head-mounted display 340 may have an optical system similar to that in Specific Example 1.

[0204] 10R Sub-pixel (1st pixel) 10G Sub-pixel (2nd pixel) 10B Sub-pixel (3rd pixel) 11 Driving substrate 111 Substrate 112 Insulating layer 112a, 112b, 112c Contact plug 113 Pad section 12R, 12G, 12B, 12W Light-emitting element (1st light-emitting element) 121 First electrode 122R, 122G, 122B, 122W OLED layer 123 Second electrode 13IR Light-emitting element (2nd light-emitting element) 131 First electrode 132IR OLED layer 133 Second electrode 14 Insulating layer 15 Protective layer 16 Lens array 161 Lens 17 Color filter 171R, 171G, 171B Coloring layer 101 Display device 320 Head-mounted display 340 See-through head-mounted display: R1 First area, R2 Second area, RE1 Display area, RE2 Peripheral area

Claims

1. A display device comprising a plurality of pixels arranged in two dimensions, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of pixels includes a first light-emitting element capable of emitting visible light and a second light-emitting element capable of emitting invisible light.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the second light-emitting element is provided so as to surround or sandwich the first light-emitting element.

3. The display device according to claim 1, wherein at least some of the plurality of pixels further include lenses provided above the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element.

4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the lens has a first region and a second region having lower light-gathering efficiency than the first region, the first light-emitting element is provided corresponding to the first region, and the second light-emitting element is provided corresponding to the second region.

5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein the lens has a convex surface on the side opposite to the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element, the first region is the central region of the lens in a plan view, and the second region is the peripheral region of the lens in a plan view.

6. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the lens is a spherical lens or an ellipsoidal lens, and the second light-emitting element has an annular shape in plan view.

7. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the lens has a polygonal shape in plan view, and the second light-emitting element is provided along at least one side that constitutes the bottom surface of the lens in plan view.

8. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the lens is a cylindrical lens, and the second light-emitting element is provided along the sides of the lens located on both sides in the power direction.

9. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the plurality of pixels include a plurality of types of pixels with different emission colors, and the shape of the lens differs depending on the type of pixel.

10. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of pixels include first pixels, second pixels, and third pixels of different types, and at least one of the first pixels, second pixels, and third pixels includes the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element.

11. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of pixels include red pixels, green pixels, blue pixels, and yellow or white pixels, and at least one of the red pixels, green pixels, blue pixels, and yellow pixels, or at least one of the red pixels, green pixels, blue pixels, and white pixels, includes the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element.

12. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of pixels include red pixels, green pixels, and blue pixels, and one or both of the red pixels and the green pixels include the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element.

13. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element can be controlled to emit light independently.

14. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the invisible light includes infrared light having a peak wavelength in the range of 760 nm to 1440 nm, or ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength in the range of 300 nm to 430 nm.

15. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising a light-receiving element.

16. A display device comprising: a plurality of pixels arranged in two dimensions; and at least one light-emitting element provided to fill the space between adjacent pixels in a planar view, and capable of emitting invisible light.

17. The display device according to claim 16, further comprising a drive board, wherein the plurality of pixels and the at least one light-emitting element are provided on the drive board.

18. The display device according to claim 16, further comprising a drive board, wherein the plurality of pixels are provided on the drive board, and the at least one light-emitting element is provided within the drive board.

19. A spectacle-type device comprising the display device described in claim 1.

20. An electronic device comprising the display device described in claim 1.

Images