Adhesive agent composition for electric peeling, adhesive agent layer, adhesive sheet, and joined body
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/JP2026/012930
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-03-28
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-01
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Figure JP2026012930_01102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Electrolytic adhesive composition, adhesive layer, adhesive sheet, and bond
[0001] The present invention relates to an electrolytic adhesive composition, an adhesive layer, an adhesive sheet, and a bonded structure.
[0002] In electronic component manufacturing processes, there is a growing demand for rework to improve yield and for recycling, which involves disassembling and recovering components after use. To meet these demands, double-sided adhesive sheets that possess both a certain level of adhesive strength and a certain level of release properties are sometimes used to join materials together in electronic component manufacturing processes.
[0003] As a double-sided adhesive sheet that achieves the above-mentioned adhesive strength and peelability, a sheet that peels off by applying a voltage to the adhesive layer (electro-peelable adhesive sheet) is known, which uses at least two specific additives as components forming the adhesive composition (Patent Document 1). Patent Document 1 discloses that by using the above-mentioned at least two specific additives in the adhesive composition, an electro-peelable adhesive composition in which corrosion is suppressed can be obtained.
[0004] Japanese Patent No. 7136567
[0005] The present inventors have found that, in the adhesive composition described in Patent Document 1, when an adhesive sheet formed from the adhesive composition is attached to a metal substrate and exposed to a high-temperature, high-humidity environment for a long period of time (e.g., 200 hours or more), at least two specific additives are required to suppress corrosion of the metal substrate. Furthermore, it was found that using only one of these specific additives under such conditions may result in insufficient suppression of corrosion.
[0006] The present invention has been completed in view of the above, and aims to provide an electro-peelable adhesive composition that can exhibit corrosion prevention function even with only one type of corrosion inhibitor and does not adversely affect electro-peelability, as well as an adhesive layer, an adhesive sheet, and a bonded body.
[0007] As a result of repeated studies by the present inventors, they have found that the above problem can be solved by using an electrolytic adhesive composition comprising a polymer (A), an ionic substance (B), and a tertiary amine compound (C), wherein the tertiary amine compound (C) is an alkylene oxide adduct and has three or fewer nitrogen atoms.
[0008] The means for solving the above problems are as follows: [1] An electrolytic adhesive composition comprising a polymer (A), an ionic substance (B), and a tertiary amine compound (C), wherein the tertiary amine compound (C) is an alkylene oxide adduct and a compound having three or fewer nitrogen atoms. [2] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to [1], comprising the tertiary amine compound (C) having one nitrogen atom. [3] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to [1] or [2], wherein the tertiary amine compound (C) is represented by the following formula (X) or the following formula (Y).
[0009]
[0010] (In the above formula (X), A is a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both, R 1 and R 2 (Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n1 and n2 are independently integers from 1 to 4.)
[0011]
[0012] (In the above formula (Y), B 1 and B 2 Each of these is independently a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both. 3 (wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n3 is an integer from 1 to 4.) [4] R in formula (X) 1 and R 2An electrolytic adhesive composition according to [3], wherein the group is a methyl group and n1=n2=1. [5] An electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the polymer (A) is an acrylic polymer. [6] An electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the ionic substance (B) is an ionic liquid. [7] An electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of [1] to [6], for fixing components in electrical and electronic equipment.
[0013] [8] An adhesive layer formed by an electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of [1] to [7]. [9] An adhesive sheet comprising an adhesive layer formed from an electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of [1] to [7].
[10] A bond comprising the adhesive sheet according to [9] and a conductive material, wherein the adhesive layer is attached to the conductive material.
[0014] The present invention provides an electro-peelable adhesive composition that can exhibit corrosion prevention function even with only one type of corrosion inhibitor and does not adversely affect electro-peelability, as well as an adhesive layer, an adhesive sheet, and a bonded body.
[0015] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an adhesive sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminated structure of a bond according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminated structure of a bond according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminated structure of a bond according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a laminated structure of a bond according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an overview of the 180° peel test method in the example.
[0016] The embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail below. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. In this specification, "adhesive" is used to mean a tackling agent (also called a "pressure-sensitive adhesive").
[0017] [Electrolytic Adhesive Composition] An electrolytic adhesive composition according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a polymer (A), an ionic substance (B), and a tertiary amine compound (C), wherein the tertiary amine compound (C) is an alkylene oxide adduct and has three or fewer nitrogen atoms.
[0018] (Polymer (A)) The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention contains polymer (A). In this embodiment, polymer (A) is not particularly limited as long as it is a general organic polymer compound, for example, a monomer polymer or partial polymer. The monomer may be one monomer or a mixture of two or more monomers. A partial polymer means a polymer in which at least a part of the monomer or monomer mixture is partially polymerized.
[0019] The polymer (A) according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is used as an adhesive and has adhesive properties, but examples include acrylic polymers, rubber polymers, vinyl alkyl ether polymers, silicone polymers, polyester polymers, polyamide polymers, urethane polymers, fluoropolymers, and epoxy polymers. The polymers can be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
[0020] In order to increase the relative dielectric constant of components other than the ionic substance in the resulting electrically peelable adhesive layer and improve electrical peelability, the polymer preferably has a high relative dielectric constant. From this perspective, the polymer (A) according to an embodiment of the present invention particularly preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of polyester-based polymers and acrylic polymers having a carboxy group and / or a hydroxyl group. Since polyester-based polymers have easily polarizable hydroxyl groups at their terminals, and acrylic polymers having a carboxy group and / or a hydroxyl group have easily polarizable carboxy groups and / or hydroxyl groups, use of these polymers makes it possible to obtain a polymer having a relatively high relative dielectric constant. The total content of the polyester-based polymer and the acrylic polymer having a carboxy group and / or a hydroxyl group in the polymer (A) according to an embodiment of the present invention is preferably 60% by mass or more, and more preferably 80% by mass or more. In addition, particularly for increasing cost, productivity, and initial adhesive strength, the polymer (A) according to an embodiment of the present invention is preferably an acrylic polymer. That is, in the electrically peelable adhesive composition according to an embodiment of the present invention, the polymer (A) preferably contains an acrylic polymer, and more preferably the polymer (A) is an acrylic polymer.
[0021] The acrylic polymer preferably contains a monomer unit derived from an alkyl (meth)acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms (represented by the following formula (1)). Such a monomer unit is suitable for obtaining high initial adhesive strength. CH 2 =C(R a )COOR b (1) [In formula (1), R a is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R b is an optionally substituted alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms]
[0022] Examples of alkyl (meth)acrylate esters having an alkyl group with 1 to 14 carbon atoms include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, isopropyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, sec-butyl (meth)acrylate, 1,3-dimethylbutyl acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, isopentyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylbutyl (meth)acrylate, heptyl (meth)acrylate, n-octyl (meth)acrylate, Examples include isooctyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, n-nonyl (meth)acrylate, isononyl (meth)acrylate, n-decyl (meth)acrylate, isodecyl (meth)acrylate, n-dodecyl (meth)acrylate, n-tridecyl (meth)acrylate, n-tetradecyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, 1-adamantyl (meth)acrylate, and 2-methoxyethyl acrylate. Alkyl (meth)acrylate esters having an alkyl group with 1 to 14 carbon atoms can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0023] The proportion of alkyl (meth)acrylate ester having an alkyl group with 1 to 14 carbon atoms relative to the total monomer components (100% by mass) constituting the acrylic polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, and even more preferably 85% by mass or more. When the proportion of alkyl (meth)acrylate ester having an alkyl group with 1 to 14 carbon atoms is 70% by mass or more, it becomes easier to obtain a large initial adhesive strength.
[0024] As an acrylic polymer, it is preferable to include monomer units derived from alkyl (meth)acrylate esters having alkyl groups with 1 to 14 carbon atoms, as well as monomer units derived from polar group-containing monomers copolymerizable thereto, for the purpose of modifying cohesive strength, heat resistance, crosslinkability, etc. The monomer units can provide crosslinking sites and are suitable for obtaining high initial adhesion. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of increasing the dielectric constant of components other than ionic substances in the electropenetrating adhesive layer and improving electropenetration, it is also preferable to include monomer units derived from polar group-containing monomers.
[0025] Examples of polar group-containing monomers include carboxyl group-containing monomers, hydroxyl group-containing monomers, cyano group-containing monomers, vinyl group-containing monomers, aromatic vinyl monomers, amide group-containing monomers, imide group-containing monomers, amino group-containing monomers, epoxy group-containing monomers, vinyl ether monomers, N-acryloylmorpholine, sulfo group-containing monomers, phosphate group-containing monomers, and acid anhydride group-containing monomers. Among these, carboxyl group-containing monomers, hydroxyl group-containing monomers, and amide group-containing monomers are preferred due to their excellent cohesiveness, and carboxyl group-containing monomers are particularly preferred. Carboxyl group-containing monomers are especially suitable for obtaining high initial adhesion. Polar group-containing monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
[0026] Examples of carboxyl group-containing monomers include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, carboxyethyl (meth)acrylate, carboxypentyl (meth)acrylate, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, and isocrotonic acid. Acrylic acid is particularly preferred. Carboxyl group-containing monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0027] Examples of hydroxyl group-containing monomers include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth)acrylate, 8-hydroxyoctyl (meth)acrylate, 10-hydroxydecyl (meth)acrylate, 12-hydroxylauryl (meth)acrylate, (4-hydroxymethylcyclohexyl)methyl (meth)acrylate, N-methylol (meth)acrylamide, vinyl alcohol, allyl alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, and diethylene glycol monovinyl ether. In particular, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate are preferred. Hydroxyl group-containing monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0028] Examples of amide group-containing monomers include acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-vinylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylmethacrylamide, N,N-diethylacrylamide, N,N-diethylmethacrylamide, N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminopropylacrylamide, N,N-dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-isopropylmethacrylamide, and diacetoneacrylamide. Amide group-containing monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0029] Examples of cyano group-containing monomers include acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
[0030] Examples of vinyl group-containing monomers include vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, and vinyl esters such as vinyl laurate, with vinyl acetate being particularly preferred.
[0031] Examples of aromatic vinyl monomers include styrene, chlorostyrene, chloromethylstyrene, α-methylstyrene, and other substituted styrenes.
[0032] Examples of imide group-containing monomers include cyclohexylmaleimide, isopropylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide, and itaconimide.
[0033] Examples of amino group-containing monomers include aminoethyl (meth)acrylate, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, and N,N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate.
[0034] Examples of epoxy group-containing monomers include glycidyl (meth)acrylate, methylglycidyl (meth)acrylate, and allyl glycidyl ether.
[0035] Examples of vinyl ether monomers include methyl vinyl ether, ethyl vinyl ether, and isobutyl vinyl ether.
[0036] The proportion of polar group-containing monomers to the total monomer components (100% by mass) constituting the acrylic polymer is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less. The upper limit of the proportion of polar group-containing monomers is more preferably 25% by mass, even more preferably 20% by mass, the lower limit is more preferably 0.5% by mass, even more preferably 1% by mass, and particularly preferably 2% by mass. When the proportion of polar group-containing monomers is 0.1% by mass or more, cohesive force is easily obtained, so adhesive residue is less likely to occur on the surface of the adherend after peeling off the electrorelease adhesive layer, and electrorelease properties are improved. Furthermore, when the proportion of polar group-containing monomers is 35% by mass or less, it becomes easier to prevent the electrorelease adhesive layer from adhering excessively to the adherend and causing excessive peeling. In particular, when it is 2% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less, it becomes easier to achieve both peelability to the adherend and adhesion between the electrorelease adhesive layer and other layers.
[0037] Furthermore, the monomer components constituting the acrylic polymer may include polyfunctional monomers in order to introduce a cross-linked structure into the acrylic polymer and facilitate obtaining the necessary cohesive force.
[0038] Examples of polyfunctional monomers include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,9-nonanediol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, divinylbenzene, and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide. Polyfunctional monomers can be used individually or in combination of two or more.
[0039] The amount of polyfunctional monomer used varies depending on its molecular weight and the number of functional groups, but it is preferably used in an amount of 3 parts by mass or less, more preferably 2 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 1 part by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the total monomer units of the (meth)acrylic polymer (total amount of monomer components constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer). Furthermore, there is no particular lower limit, but it is preferably 0 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 0.001 parts by mass or more. Moreover, the amount used is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by mass, preferably 0.02 to 1 part by mass, and preferably 0.03 to 0.8 parts by mass. By using a polyfunctional monomer within the above range, the adhesive strength can be improved.
[0040] Polyester polymers are typically polymers having a structure in which polycarboxylic acids such as dicarboxylic acids or their derivatives (hereinafter also referred to as "polycarboxylic acid monomers") and polyhydric alcohols such as diols or their derivatives (hereinafter also referred to as "polyhydric alcohol monomers") are condensed together.
[0041] The polycarboxylic acid monomers are not particularly limited, but examples include adipic acid, azelaic acid, dimer acid, sebacic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 4-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, fumaric acid, succinic acid, dodecanediic acid, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, benzylmalonic acid, 2,2'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-dicarboxydiphenyl ether, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, and derivatives thereof. The polycarboxylic acid monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0042] The polyhydric alcohol monomer is not particularly limited, but examples include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,5-pentanediol, 2-ethyl-2-butylpropanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, 2-methyloctanediol, 1,10-decanediol, dimerdiol, and derivatives thereof. The polyhydric alcohol monomer can be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
[0043] Furthermore, the polymer (A) according to the embodiment of the present invention may also contain an ionic polymer. An ionic polymer is a polymer having an ionic functional group. By including an ionic polymer in polymer (A), the dielectric constant of the polymer increases, and the electrolytic properties are improved. When polymer (A) contains an ionic polymer, the content of the ionic polymer is preferably 0.05 parts by mass or more and 2 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the polymer.
[0044] In this embodiment, polymer (A) can be produced using any known method, such as solution polymerization, radiation polymerization including ultraviolet (UV) polymerization, bulk polymerization, or various radical polymerizations including emulsion polymerization. The resulting (meth)acrylic polymer may be a random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer, or the like.
[0045] For example, in solution polymerization, polymerization solvents such as ethyl acetate and toluene are used. In a specific example of solution polymerization, the reaction is carried out under conditions of adding a polymerization initiator under an inert gas stream such as nitrogen, at a temperature of approximately 50 to 70°C for approximately 5 to 30 hours.
[0046] Examples of thermal polymerization initiators used in solution polymerization include 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis-2-methylbutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionic acid)dimethyl, 4,4'-azobis-4-cyanovaleric acid, azobisisovaleronitrile, 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride, and 2,2'-azobis[2-(5-methyl-2-imidazoline-2- Azo initiators such as [yl)propane]dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) disulfate, 2,2'-azobis(N,N'-dimethylene isobutylamidine), 2,2'-azobis[N-(2-carboxyethyl)-2-methylpropionamidine]hydrate (VA-057, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.); persulfates such as potassium persulfate and ammonium persulfate, di(2-ethylhexyl)peroxy Examples of peroxide initiators include, but are not limited to, dicarbonates, di(4-t-butylcyclohexyl)peroxydicarbonate, di-sec-butylperoxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxyneodecanoate, t-hexylperoxypivalate, t-butylperoxypivalate, dilauroyl peroxide, di-n-octanoyl peroxide, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, di(4-methylbenzoyl)peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, t-butylperoxyisobutyrate, 1,1-di(t-hexylperoxy)cyclohexane, t-butylhydroperoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and other peroxide-based initiators; redox initiators combining peroxides with reducing agents, such as combinations of persulfates and sodium bisulfite, and combinations of peroxides and sodium ascorbate.
[0047] The polymerization initiator may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more types, but it is preferably about 1 part by mass or less, more preferably about 0.005 to 1 part by mass, and even more preferably about 0.02 to 0.5 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomer components.
[0048] When 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile is used as a polymerization initiator, the amount of polymerization initiator used is preferably about 0.2 parts by mass or less, and more preferably about 0.06 to 0.2 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomer components.
[0049] Examples of chain transfer agents include lauryl mercaptan, glycidyl mercaptan, mercaptoacetic acid, 2-mercaptoethanol, thioglycolic acid, 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate, and 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol. The chain transfer agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but the total content should be approximately 0.3 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomer components.
[0050] Furthermore, examples of emulsifiers used in emulsion polymerization include anionic emulsifiers such as sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, ammonium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, and sodium polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate, and nonionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer. These emulsifiers may be used individually or in combination of two or more.
[0051] Furthermore, as reactive emulsifiers, specific examples include emulsifiers into which radical polymerizable functional groups such as propenyl groups and allyl ether groups have been introduced, such as Aqualon HS-10, HS-20, KH-10, AR-10, AR-20, AR-30, BC-05, BC-10, BC-20 (all manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and Adekarya Soap SE10N (manufactured by ADEKA Corporation). The amount of emulsifier used is preferably 5 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomer components.
[0052] Furthermore, when the (meth)acrylic polymer is produced by radiation polymerization, the monomer component can be polymerized by irradiating it with radiation such as electron beams or ultraviolet (UV) light. Among these, ultraviolet polymerization is preferred. The preferred embodiment of radiation polymerization, ultraviolet polymerization, will be described below.
[0053] When performing ultraviolet polymerization, it is preferable to include a photopolymerization initiator in the monomer component due to the advantage of being able to shorten the polymerization time. Therefore, when performing ultraviolet polymerization, it is preferable to form the adhesive by ultraviolet polymerization of, for example, the monomer component and / or a partially polymerized product of the monomer component and an ultraviolet-curable acrylic adhesive composition containing a photopolymerization initiator. The adhesive layer formed by ultraviolet polymerization of the ultraviolet-curable acrylic adhesive composition can be made thicker than 150 μm, and is preferable because it is possible to form adhesive layers of a wide range of thicknesses.
[0054] The aforementioned photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited as long as it generates radicals upon exposure to ultraviolet light and initiates photopolymerization; any commonly used photopolymerization initiator can be suitably used. For example, benzoin ether-based photopolymerization initiators, acetophenone-based photopolymerization initiators, α-ketol-based photopolymerization initiators, photoactive oxime-based photopolymerization initiators, benzoin-based photopolymerization initiators, benzyl-based photopolymerization initiators, benzophenone-based photopolymerization initiators, ketal-based photopolymerization initiators, thioxanthone-based photopolymerization initiators, acylphosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiators, etc., can be used.
[0055] Specifically, examples of benzoin ether-based photopolymerization initiators include benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin propyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one, and anisole methyl ether.
[0056] Examples of acetophenone-based photopolymerization initiators include 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, 4-phenoxydichloroacetophenone, and 4-t-butyldichloroacetophenone.
[0057] Examples of α-ketol-based photopolymerization initiators include 2-methyl-2-hydroxypropiophenone and 1-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one.
[0058] Examples of photoactive oxime-based photopolymerization initiators include 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione-2-(O-ethoxycarbonyl)-oxime.
[0059] Examples of benzoin-based photopolymerization initiators include benzoin.
[0060] Examples of benzyl-based photopolymerization initiators include benzyl.
[0061] Benzophenone-based photopolymerization initiators include, for example, benzophenone, benzoylbenzoic acid, 3,3'-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzophenone, polyvinylbenzophenone, and α-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone.
[0062] Ketal-based photopolymerization initiators include benzyldimethyl ketal, among others.
[0063] Thioxanthone-based photopolymerization initiators include, for example, thioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone, 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2,4-diisopropylthioxanthone, and dodecylthioxanthone.
[0064] Acyl phosphine oxide-based photopolymerization initiators include, for example, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphine oxide and bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phenylphosphine oxide.
[0065] The photopolymerization initiator can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount added is preferably about 0.005 to 0.5 parts by mass, and more preferably about 0.02 to 0.2 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the total monomer units of the (meth)acrylic polymer (total amount of monomer components constituting the (meth)acrylic polymer).
[0066] The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably between 100,000 and 5,000,000. The upper limit of the weight-average molecular weight is more preferably 4,000,000, even more preferably 3,000,000, and the lower limit is more preferably 200,000, even more preferably 300,000. When the weight-average molecular weight is 100,000 or more, the cohesive force is reduced, which effectively suppresses the problem of adhesive residue remaining on the adherend surface after the electropenetrating adhesive layer is removed. Furthermore, when the weight-average molecular weight is 5,000,000 or less, it effectively suppresses the problem of insufficient wettability on the adherend surface after the electropenetrating adhesive layer is removed. Note that the weight-average molecular weight is measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography) and the value is calculated on a polystyrene basis. Note that molecular weight measurement is difficult for (meth)acrylic polymers obtained by radiation polymerization.
[0067] The weight-average molecular weight was obtained by measuring using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). More specifically, for example, using a GPC measuring device such as the "HLC-8220GPC" (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), the measurement was performed under the following conditions, and the value was calculated using the standard polystyrene equivalent. (Weight-average molecular weight measurement conditions) ・Sample concentration: 0.2% by mass (tetrahydrofuran solution) ・Sample injection volume: 10 μL ・Sample column: TSKguardcolumn SuperHZ-H (1 tube) + TSKgel SuperHZM-H (2 tubes) ・Reference column: TSKgel SuperH-RC (1 tube) ・Eluent: Tetrahydrofuran (THF) ・Flow rate: 0.6 mL / min ・Detector: Differential refractometer (RI) ・Column temperature (measurement temperature): 40°C
[0068] The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0°C or lower because it suppresses a decrease in initial adhesive strength, more preferably -5°C or lower, and even more preferably -10°C or lower.
[0069] The glass transition temperature (Tg) can be calculated, for example, based on the following equation (Y) (Fox equation): 1 / Tg = W1 / Tg1 + W2 / Tg2 + ... + Wn / Tgn (Y) [In equation (Y), Tg is the glass transition temperature of the polymer (unit: K), Tgi (i = 1, 2, ..., n) is the glass transition temperature when monomer i forms a homopolymer (unit: K), and Wi (i = 1, 2, ..., n) represents the mass fraction of monomer i in the total monomer components]. The above equation (Y) is the calculation formula when the polymer is composed of n types of monomer components: monomer 1, monomer 2, ..., monomer n.
[0070] The glass transition temperature when forming a homopolymer refers to the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer of the monomer in question, and specifically refers to the glass transition temperature (Tg) of a polymer formed using only one monomer (sometimes referred to as "monomer X") as the monomer component. The specific values are given in "Polymer Handbook" (3rd edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1989). Note that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of a homopolymer not listed in the aforementioned literature refers to a value obtained, for example, by the following measurement method: In a reactor equipped with a thermometer, stirrer, nitrogen inlet tube, and reflux condenser, 100 parts by mass of monomer X, 0.2 parts by mass of 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, and 200 parts by mass of ethyl acetate as the polymerization solvent are added, and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour while introducing nitrogen gas. After removing oxygen from the polymerization system in this manner, the temperature is raised to 63°C and the reaction is carried out for 10 hours. Then, the mixture is cooled to room temperature to obtain a homopolymer solution with a solid content of 33% by mass. Next, this homopolymer solution is cast onto a release liner and dried to prepare a test sample (sheet-like homopolymer) with a thickness of approximately 2 mm. Then, approximately 1-2 mg of this test sample is weighed into an aluminum open cell, and the reversing heat flow (specific heat component) behavior of the homopolymer is obtained using a temperature-modulated DSC (product name "Q-2000", manufactured by T.A. Instruments Corporation) at a heating rate of 5°C / min under a nitrogen atmosphere of 50 ml / min. Referring to JIS K 7121 (2012), the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the homopolymer is defined as the temperature at the point where a line equidistant in the vertical axis direction from the line extending from the low-temperature baseline and the high-temperature baseline of the obtained reversing heat flow intersects with the curve of the step-like change portion of the glass transition.
[0071] The polymer (A) content in the electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention is preferably 50% by mass or more and 99.9% by mass or less, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the electrolytic adhesive composition, with the upper limit being more preferably 99.5% by mass, even more preferably 99% by mass, and the lower limit being more preferably 60% by mass, and even more preferably 70% by mass.
[0072] (Ionic substance (B)) The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention contains an ionic substance (B) containing electrically charged molecules (ions) in addition to the polymer (A) which is the adhesive. An ionic substance is a general term for a substance composed of at least one pair of anions and a cation. Regardless of its form, it refers to a substance that ionizes in a polymer, in a solution, in a liquid state, or in a solid state and exhibits electrical conductivity. An ionic substance at room temperature (25°C) can be in any state other than gas. That is, an ionic substance may be a solid, a liquid, or in an intermediate state between solid and liquid (for example, a liquid crystal, a flexible crystal, a viscous solid, or a viscous liquid). The state in which an ionic substance is in a room temperature environment (25°C) depends on its molecular structure. For example, an ionic liquid is a compound composed of a cation and anion that has a melting point below room temperature (25°C) and has liquid properties at room temperature, such as 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. Furthermore, ionic solids include substances with a melting point higher than 25°C and possessing ionic properties, such as metal salts (e.g., sodium chloride and copper sulfate) and high-melting-point organic ionic solids (e.g., 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide and 1-ethyl-1-methylpiperidinium iodide). From the viewpoint of achieving good electropenetration properties, ionic liquids are preferred as the ionic substance (B) contained in the electropenetrating adhesive composition.
[0073] The anion of ionic substance (B) is, for example, (FSO 2 ) 2 N - (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - (CF 3 CF 2 SO 2 ) 2 N - (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 C - , Br - AlCl 4 - Al 2 Cl7 - NO 3 - BF 4 - , PF 6 - ,CH 3 COO - CF 3 COO - CF 3 CF 2 CF 2 COO - CF 3 SO 3 - CF 3 (CF 2 ) 3 SO 3 - AsF 6 - SbF 6 - , and F (HF) n - These are some examples. Among them, as anions, (FSO 2 ) 2 N - [Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion] and (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - Anions of sulfonylime compounds such as [bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion] are preferred because they are chemically stable and suitable for improving electrolysis. In other words, the anion of ionic substance (B) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion and / or bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion.
[0074] The cation in ionic substance (B) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of nitrogen-containing onium cations, sulfur-containing onium cations, and phosphorus-containing onium cations, because it is chemically stable and suitable for improving electrolysis properties, and imidazolium-based, ammonium-based, pyrrolidinium-based, and pyridinium-based cations are more preferred.
[0075] Examples of imidazolium-based cations include 1-methylimidazolium cation, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-heptyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-nonyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-undecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation. Examples include 1-3-tridecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-tetradecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-pentadecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-heptadecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-octadecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-undecyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-benzyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium cation, and 1,3-bis(dodecyl)imidazolium cation.
[0076] Examples of pyridinium-based cations include 1-butylpyridinium cation, 1-hexylpyridinium cation, 1-butyl-3-methylpyridinium cation, 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium cation, and 1-octyl-4-methylpyridinium cation.
[0077] Examples of pyrrolidinium-based cations include 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium cation and 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium cation.
[0078] Examples of ammonium-based cations include tetraethylammonium cation, tetrabutylammonium cation, methyltrioctylammonium cation, tetradecitrihexylammonium cation, glycidyltrimethylammonium cation, and trimethylaminoethyl acrylate cation.
[0079] As for the ionic substance (B), from the viewpoint of significantly reducing the rate of decrease in adhesive strength when voltage is applied, it is preferable to select a cation with a molecular weight of 160 or less as the constituent cation, and the above (FSO 2 ) 2 N - [Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion] or (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 N - An ionic substance containing [bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion] and a cation with a molecular weight of 160 or less is particularly preferred. Examples of cations with a molecular weight of 160 or less include 1-methylimidazolium cation, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-pentyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, 1-butylpyridinium cation, 1-hexylpyridinium cation, 1-butyl-3-methylpyridinium cation, 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium cation, 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium cation, 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium cation, tetraethylammonium cation, glycidyltrimethylammonium cation, and trimethylaminoethyl acrylate cation.
[0080] Furthermore, as the cation of the ionic substance (B), cations represented by the following formulas (2-A) to (2-D) are also preferred.
[0081]
[0082] R in equation (2-A) 1 R represents a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms), and may contain heteroatoms. 2 and R 3, which may be identical or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, still more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms), and may contain a heteroatom. Provided that when a nitrogen atom forms a double bond with an adjacent carbon atom, R 3 does not exist.
[0083] In formula (2-B), R 4 represents a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms), may contain a heteroatom, and R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 , which may be identical or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, still more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms), and may contain a heteroatom.
[0084] In formula (2-C), R 8 represents a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms), may contain a heteroatom, and R 9 , R 10 , and R 11 , which may be identical or different, each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms (preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms), and may contain a heteroatom.
[0085] In formula (2-D), X represents a nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorus atom, and R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , and R 15 , which may be identical or different, each represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms (preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, still more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, particularly preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), and may contain a heteroatom. Provided that when X is a sulfur atom, R 12 does not exist.
[0086] The molecular weight of the cation in the ionic substance (B) is, for example, 500 or less, preferably 400 or less, more preferably 300 or less, even more preferably 250 or less, particularly preferably 200 or less, and most preferably 160 or less. It is also usually 50 or more. The cation in the ionic substance (B) is thought to have the property of moving to the cathode side when a voltage is applied in the electropenetrating adhesive layer and becoming biased near the interface between the electropenetrating adhesive layer and the adherend (more specifically, the conductive layer in the adherend), or near the interface between the electropenetrating adhesive layer and the conductive substrate. In the present invention, for this reason, the adhesive strength decreases when a voltage is applied compared to the initial adhesive strength, and electropenetration occurs. Cations with a small molecular weight, such as 500 or less, are suitable for increasing the rate of decrease in adhesive strength when a voltage is applied because the movement of cations to the cathode side in the electropenetrating adhesive layer is easier.
[0087] Examples of commercially available ionic substances (B) include "Elexel AS-110" manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., "D5237", "E0599", "M2981", and "B5763" manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., and "BM1697" manufactured by Boron Molecular Inc.
[0088] The ionic conductivity of ionic material (B) is preferably 0.0001 mS / cm or more and 20 mS / cm or less. The upper limit of the ionic conductivity can be, for example, 15 mS / cm or 10 mS / cm. The lower limit of the ionic conductivity is more preferably 0.1 mS / cm, and even more preferably 0.3 mS / cm. An ionic conductivity of ionic material (B) of 0.0001 mS / cm or more is preferable because it sufficiently reduces the adhesive strength after voltage is applied. Furthermore, an ionic conductivity of 20 mS / cm or less is preferable because it suppresses the influence of weak external currents and allows for electrolysis only when voltage is intentionally applied. Having an ionic conductivity within this range allows for sufficient reduction of adhesive strength even at low voltages. The ionic conductivity can be measured, for example, by the AC impedance method using a Solartron 1260 frequency response analyzer.
[0089] In the electro-peelable adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, the content (amount blended) of the ionic substance (B) is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more per 100 parts by mass of polymer (A) from the viewpoint of reducing adhesive strength during voltage application, and preferably 30 parts by mass or less from the viewpoint of increasing initial adhesive strength. From the same viewpoint, it is more preferably 20 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 15 parts by mass or less, particularly preferably 10 parts by mass or less, and most preferably 5 parts by mass or less. Furthermore, it is more preferably 0.6 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 0.8 parts by mass or more, particularly preferably 1.0 part by mass or more, and most preferably 1.5 parts by mass or more.
[0090] (Tertiary amine compound (C)) The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention contains a tertiary amine compound (C). The tertiary amine compound (C) is an alkylene oxide adduct and is a compound having three or fewer nitrogen atoms.
[0091] In embodiments of the present invention, the tertiary amine compound (C) acts as a corrosion inhibitor. By using the tertiary amine compound (C) as a corrosion inhibitor, it is possible to provide an electro-peelable adhesive composition, adhesive layer, adhesive sheet, and bond that exhibit corrosion inhibitory function even with only one type of corrosion inhibitor, and that do not adversely affect electro-peelability.
[0092] The reason why the electro-peelable adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention exhibits such effects due to the inclusion of a tertiary amine compound (C) is thought to be that the tertiary amine compound (C) possesses both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties. More specifically, the following reasons can be considered. When an adhesive sheet made of electro-peelable adhesive is bonded to a substrate and left to stand in a humid environment, the moisture content of the edges of the adhesive sheet that come into contact with humid air increases. Therefore, non-hydrophilic compounds are less likely to exist at the edges of the adhesive sheet, but since the tertiary amine compound (C) is hydrophilic, it is more likely to exist even at the edges of the adhesive sheet with high moisture content, and can exert a corrosion prevention function at the interface between the adhesive sheet and the substrate, and at the interface between the adhesive sheet and the air. On the other hand, since the tertiary amine compound (C) is also lipophilic, it can also exist inside the adhesive sheet, and can exert a corrosion prevention function inside the adhesive sheet, for example, on the inside of the sheet away from the edges. Thus, since the tertiary amine compound (C) possesses both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties, it is thought that a corrosion prevention function can be exerted even if only one type of corrosion inhibitor is used.
[0093] On the other hand, when using a polymer (A) obtained by photopolymerization (radiation polymerization) such as an acrylic polymer, the tertiary amine compound (C) is preferable because it does not inhibit photopolymerization.
[0094] From the viewpoint of achieving both hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, an alkylene oxide structure with 2 to 3 carbon atoms is preferred for the alkylene oxide structure contained in the tertiary amine compound (C). By limiting the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene oxide structure to 3 or less, the lipophilicity of the tertiary amine compound (C) does not become too high, and it becomes possible for it to exist even at the edges of electropenetrating adhesive sheets with high water content, thus preventing corrosion not only inside the adhesive sheet but also at the edges. More detailed examples of alkylene oxide structures include ethylene oxide (hereinafter also referred to as "EO"), 1,2-propylene oxide (hereinafter also referred to as "PO"), and 1,3-propylene oxide.
[0095] Examples of tertiary amine compounds (C) include compounds in which the alkylene oxide is added to the nitrogen atom of a linear or branched alkylamine, an amine having an alicyclic skeleton, an amine having an aromatic ring, or an amine having a heterocyclic ring.
[0096] Examples of amines having an alicyclic skeleton that can form a tertiary amine compound (C) include cyclobutylamine, cyclopentylamine, cyclohexylamine, cycloheptylamine, trimethylcyclohexylamine, aminomethylcyclohexane, 1-cyclohexylethylamine, and dicyclohexylamine. Examples of amines having an aromatic ring that can form a tertiary amine compound (C) include aromatic amines such as aniline, anisidine, toluidine, and trimethylaniline.
[0097] Examples of heterocyclic amines capable of forming a tertiary amine compound (C) include 3-aminotetrahydrofuran, 3-(aminomethyl)tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofurfurylamine, 4-aminotetrahydropyran, 4-aminomethyltetrahydropyran, furfurylamine, and 5-methylfurfurylamine.
[0098] The number of nitrogen atoms in the tertiary amine compound (C) is three or less. If a tertiary amine compound (C) having four or more nitrogen atoms is used, the interaction with the metal substrate interface may become too strong, potentially worsening the electrolytic properties. From the viewpoint of electrolytic properties, the electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention preferably contains a tertiary amine compound (C) having one to two nitrogen atoms, and more preferably contains a tertiary amine compound (C) having one nitrogen atom.
[0099] The tertiary amine compound (C) is preferably represented by the following formula (X) or formula (Y).
[0100]
[0101] (In the above formula (X), A is a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both, R 1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n1 and n2 each independently represent an integer of 1 to 4.)
[0102]
[0103] (In the above formula (Y), B 1 and B 2 are each independently a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both; R 3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n3 is an integer of 1 to 4.)
[0104] Hereinafter, each group included in formula (X) and formula (Y) will be described in detail.
[0105] ・A A is a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both. From the viewpoints of the balance between hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, and basicity which affects adsorptivity to the interface of a metal adherend, A is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably a saturated hydrocarbon cyclic group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and still more preferably a saturated hydrocarbon group having 4 to 14 carbon atoms.
[0106] ・R 1 , R 2 R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. From the viewpoint of the balance between hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, it is preferable that R 1 and R 2 are methyl groups.
[0107] ・n1, n2 n1 and n2 each independently represent an integer of 1 to 4. From the viewpoint of the balance between hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, it is preferable that n1 = n2 = 1, and it is more preferable that the above R 1 and R 2 are methyl groups and n1 = n2 = 1.
[0108] ・B 1 , B 2 B 1 and B 2Each of these is independently a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both.
[0109] ・R 3 R 3 This represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
[0110] n3 represents an integer between 1 and 4.
[0111] A more specific example of a preferred tertiary amine compound (C) is Sanhibiter No. 70 (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
[0112] In the electro-peelable adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, the content (amount blended) of the tertiary amine compound (C) is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 1 part by mass or more, particularly preferably 1.5 parts by mass or more, and most preferably 2 parts by mass or more, per 100 parts by mass of polymer (A). Furthermore, from the viewpoint of adhesive properties, it is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 7 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 5 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 4 parts by mass or less.
[0113] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention can exhibit corrosion prevention function even if only one type of corrosion inhibitor is used, by using a tertiary amine compound (C) as a corrosion inhibitor, but this does not preclude the use of additional corrosion inhibitors. The additional corrosion inhibitor may be a tertiary amine compound (C), or other corrosion inhibitors as described later.
[0114] (Other Components) The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention may contain one or more components other than polymer (A), ionic substance (B), and tertiary amine compound (C) (hereinafter also referred to as "other components"), as necessary, to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired. The other components that may be contained in the electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
[0115] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention may optionally contain a crosslinking agent for the purpose of improving creep and shear properties by crosslinking the polymer. Examples of crosslinking agents include isocyanate-based crosslinking agents, carbodiimide-based crosslinking agents, epoxy-based crosslinking agents, melamine-based crosslinking agents, peroxide-based crosslinking agents, urea-based crosslinking agents, metal alkoxide-based crosslinking agents, metal chelate-based crosslinking agents, metal salt-based crosslinking agents, oxazoline-based crosslinking agents, aziridine-based crosslinking agents, and amine-based crosslinking agents. Examples of isocyanate-based crosslinking agents include toluene diisocyanate and methylene bisphenyl isocyanate. Examples of epoxy-based crosslinking agents include N,N,N',N'-tetraglycidyl-m-xylenediamine, diglycidylaniline, 1,3-bis(N,N-diglycidylaminomethyl)cyclohexane and 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether. If a crosslinking agent is included, the preferred content is 0.1 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of polymer. The crosslinking agent can be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
[0116] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention may optionally contain polyethylene glycol for the purpose of assisting the movement of the ionic liquid when voltage is applied. Polyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 200 to 6000 can be used. When these components are included, the content is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more, more preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, even more preferably 1 part by mass or more, and preferably 30 parts by mass or less, more preferably 20 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 15 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of polymer.
[0117] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention may optionally contain a conductive filler for the purpose of imparting conductivity to the adhesive composition. The conductive filler is not particularly limited, and general known or conventional conductive fillers can be used, such as graphite, carbon black, carbon fiber, or metal powders such as silver or copper. When a conductive filler is included, the content is preferably 0.1 parts by mass or more and 200 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of polymer.
[0118] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention may optionally contain a corrosion inhibitor other than the tertiary amine compound (C) for the purpose of suppressing corrosion of the adherend. The corrosion inhibitor other than the tertiary amine compound (C) is not particularly limited, and general known or conventional corrosion inhibitors can be used, such as carbodiimide compounds, adsorption inhibitors, chelate-forming metal deactivators, etc.
[0119] Examples of carbodiimide compounds include 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethylcarbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, N,N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide, 1-ethyl-3-tert-butylcarbodiimide, N-cyclohexyl-N'-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide, N,N'-di-tert-butylcarbodiimide, and 1,3-bis(p-tolyl)carbodiimide. These carbodiimide compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When an electrolytic adhesive composition according to an embodiment of the present invention contains a carbodiimide compound, the content is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of polymer.
[0120] Examples of adsorbent inhibitors include carboxylates, carboxylic acid derivatives, and alkyl phosphates. Examples of carboxylates include a salt of a tertiary amine compound (C) and a carboxylic acid, specifically a salt of 1,1'-(cyclohexyl hyimino)bis(2-propanol) (trade name: Sanhibiter No. 70, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and sebacic acid. Adsorbent inhibitors can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When a carboxylate is included as an adsorbent inhibitor in the electropenetrating adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, the content is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of polymer. When a carboxylic acid derivative is included as an adsorbent inhibitor in the electropenetrating adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, the content is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of polymer. When an alkyl phosphate is included as an adsorbent inhibitor in the electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, the content is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 10 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of polymer.
[0121] As chelate-forming metal deactivators, for example, triazole group-containing compounds or benzotriazole group-containing compounds can be used. These are preferred because they have a high deactivating effect on the surface of metals such as stainless steel and aluminum, and do not significantly affect adhesion even when included in adhesive components. Chelate-forming metal deactivators can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When a chelate-forming metal deactivator is included in the electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, the content is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of polymer. The total content (amount blended) of corrosion inhibitors other than the tertiary amine compound (C) is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less per 100 parts by mass of polymer.
[0122] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention may also contain various additives such as fillers, plasticizers, anti-aging agents, antioxidants, pigments (dyes), flame retardants, solvents, water, surfactants (leveling agents), rust inhibitors, tackifying resins, and antistatic agents. The total content of these components is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are achieved, but is preferably 0.01 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, and even more preferably 5 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of polymer.
[0123] Examples of fillers include silica, iron oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, barium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate, pyrophyllite clay, kaolin clay, and calcined clay. For plasticizers, commonly known and conventional plasticizers used in general resin compositions can be used, such as oils like paraffin oil and process oil; liquid rubbers like liquid polyisoprene, liquid polybutadiene, and liquid ethylene-propylene rubber; tetrahydrophthalic acid, azelaic acid, benzoic acid, phthalic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, citric acid, and their derivatives; dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl adipate, diisononyl adipate (DINA), and isodecyl succinate. Examples of anti-aging agents include hindered phenol compounds, aliphatic and aromatic hindered amine compounds, etc. Examples of antioxidants include butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylhydroxyanisole (BHA). Examples of pigments include inorganic pigments such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, ultramarine, red iron oxide, lithopone, lead, cadmium, iron, cobalt, aluminum, hydrochloride salts, sulfates, azo pigments, and organic pigments such as copper phthalocyanine pigments. Examples of rust inhibitors include zinc phosphate, tannic acid derivatives, phosphate esters, basic sulfonates, and various rust-inhibiting pigments. Examples of antistatic agents include quaternary ammonium salts, or hydrophilic compounds such as polyglycolic acid and ethylene oxide derivatives.
[0124] For example, tackifying resins are used as tackifiers. Specific examples of tackifying resins include phenolic tackifying resins, terpene tackifying resins, rosin tackifying resins, hydrocarbon tackifying resins, epoxy tackifying resins, polyamide tackifying resins, elastomer tackifying resins, and ketone tackifying resins.
[0125] Phenolic tackifying resins include, for example, terpene phenol resins, hydrogenated terpene phenol resins, alkylphenol resins, rosin phenol resins, and xylene formaldehyde resins. Terpene phenol resins refer to polymers containing terpene residues and phenol residues, and are a concept that encompasses both copolymers of terpenes and phenol compounds (terpene-phenol copolymer resins) and homopolymers or copolymers of terpenes modified with phenol (phenol-modified terpene resins). Examples of terpenes that constitute such terpene phenol resins include monoterpenes such as α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene (including d-isomers, l-isomers, and d / l-isomers (dipentene)). Hydrogenated terpene phenol resins are hydrogenated terpene phenol resins having a structure obtained by hydrogenating such terpene phenol resins, and are sometimes called hydrogenated terpene phenol resins. Alkylphenol resins are resins (oil-based phenol resins) obtained from alkylphenols and formaldehyde. Examples of alkylphenol resins include novolac type and resol type. Examples of rosinphenol resins include phenol-modified products of rosins or various rosin derivatives (including rosin esters, unsaturated fatty acid-modified rosins, and unsaturated fatty acid-modified rosin esters). Examples of rosinphenol resins include rosinphenol resins obtained by methods such as adding phenol to rosins or various rosin derivatives with an acid catalyst and then thermal polymerization.
[0126] Examples of terpene-based tackifying resins include terpene resins, terpene phenol resins, styrene-modified terpene resins, aromatic-modified terpene resins, and hydrogenated terpene resins. Examples of terpene resins include polymers of terpenes (typically monoterpenes) such as α-pinene, β-pinene, d-limonene, l-limonene, and dipentene. Examples of single-molecule polymers of terpenes include α-pinene polymers, β-pinene polymers, and dipentene polymers.
[0127] The concept of rosin-based tackifying resins encompasses both rosins and rosin derivative resins. Examples of rosins include unmodified rosins (raw rosins) such as gum rosin, wood rosin, and tall oil rosin; and modified rosins (hydrogenated rosin, disproportionated rosin, polymerized rosin, and other chemically modified rosins) obtained by hydrogenation, disproportionation, polymerization, etc.
[0128] Examples of rosin derivative resins include rosin esters such as unmodified rosin esters (esters of unmodified rosin and alcohols) and modified rosin esters (esters of modified rosin and alcohols); unsaturated fatty acid modified rosins obtained by modifying rosins with unsaturated fatty acids; unsaturated fatty acid modified rosin esters obtained by modifying rosin esters with unsaturated fatty acids; rosin alcohols obtained by reducing the carboxyl groups of rosins or rosin derivative resins (rosin esters, unsaturated fatty acid modified rosins, unsaturated fatty acid modified rosin esters, etc.); rosin phenols; and metal salts thereof. Examples of rosin esters include methyl esters, triethylene glycol esters, glycerol esters, pentaerythritol esters, and maleic acid esters of unmodified rosin or modified rosin (e.g., hydrogenated rosin, disproportionated rosin, polymerized rosin, etc.).
[0129] Examples of hydrocarbon-based tackifying resins include aliphatic hydrocarbon resins, aromatic hydrocarbon resins (e.g., styrene-based resins, xylene-based resins, etc.), aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbon resins, aliphatic-aromatic petroleum resins (styrene-olefin copolymers, etc.), aliphatic-alicyclic petroleum resins, hydrogenated hydrocarbon resins, coumarone-based resins, and coumarone-indene-based resins.
[0130] Examples of acrylic tackifiers include acrylic oligomers.
[0131] Other tackifiers include, for example, epoxy oligomers and styrene oligomers.
[0132] The content of the tackifier in the electro-peelable adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention is preferably 3 parts by mass or more, more preferably 5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 7.5 parts by mass or more, and even more preferably 10 parts by mass or more, per 100 parts by mass of the polymer. By setting the tackifier content to 3 parts by mass or more, the tackifier addition effect, that is, the effect of achieving both initial adhesive strength and electro-peelability, is easily obtained. Furthermore, the upper limit is preferably 50 parts by mass or less, more preferably 45 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 40 parts by mass or less, and most preferably 30 parts by mass or less. By setting the tackifier content to 50 parts by mass or less, the dispersibility of the tackifier in the resin can be maintained, and initial adhesive strength is easily obtained.
[0133] Examples of adhesion promoters include titanium coupling agents and zirconium coupling agents.
[0134] The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be produced by appropriately stirring and mixing a polymer, an ionic substance, a tertiary amine compound, and, if necessary, additives, crosslinking agents, polyethylene glycol, conductive fillers, etc.
[0135] <Initial Adhesion and Electropeel Strength> The adhesion strength of the electropeelable adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention can be evaluated by various methods, but for example, it can be evaluated by the 180° peel test described in the Examples section.
[0136] The electropenetrating adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention preferably has an initial adhesive strength of 4.0 N / cm or more, more preferably 4.5 N / cm or more, and even more preferably 5.0 N / cm or more, as measured by forming an adhesive sheet as described in the Examples section and performing a 180° peel test. An initial adhesive strength of 4.0 N / cm or more ensures sufficient adhesion to the adherend, making it difficult for the adherend to peel off or shift.
[0137] Furthermore, it is preferable that the adhesive strength, i.e., the electropeeling force, measured in a 180° peel test immediately after forming an adhesive sheet as described in the Examples section and applying a voltage of 30V for 60 seconds, is sufficiently smaller than the initial adhesive strength.
[0138] In the embodiment of the present invention, the electropenetrating adhesive composition preferably has an electropenetrating force of 1.0 N / cm or less, more preferably 0.5 N / cm or less, even more preferably 0.3 N / cm or less, and particularly preferably 0.1 N / cm or less, measured in a 180° peel test immediately after forming an adhesive sheet as described in the Examples section and applying a voltage of 30 V for 60 seconds. An electropenetrating force of 1.0 N / cm or less provides excellent electropenetrating properties, making it possible to rework even fragile adherends non-destructively.
[0139] The applied voltage and voltage application time during electrolysis are not limited to those described above, and are not particularly limited as long as the adhesive sheet can be peeled off. The preferred ranges are shown below. The applied voltage is preferably 1V or more, more preferably 3V or more, and even more preferably 6V or more. It is also preferably 100V or less, more preferably 50V or less, and even more preferably 30V or less. The voltage application time is preferably 300 seconds or less, more preferably 240 seconds or less, even more preferably 180 seconds or less, and especially preferably 120 seconds or less. In such cases, workability is excellent. The shorter the application time, the better, but it is usually 1 second or more.
[0140] <Applications of the electrolytically removable adhesive composition> The applications of the electrolytically removable adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention are not particularly limited, but it can be preferably used as an adhesive composition for fixing components in electrical and electronic equipment. The specific aspects of its application in such applications are the same as those described later for the applications of adhesive sheets.
[0141] <Method for Manufacturing an Electrolytic Adhesive Composition> The electrolytic adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, but can be manufactured by appropriately stirring and mixing the above-mentioned polymer, ionic substance, tertiary amine compound, and additives, crosslinking agents, polyethylene glycol, conductive fillers, etc., which may be added as needed.
[0142] [Adhesive Layer and Adhesive Sheet] The adhesive layer according to the embodiment of the present invention is formed by the electropenetrating adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention described above. The structure of the adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited, but the adhesive sheet 10 shown in Figure 1 is preferred. The adhesive sheet 10 is a substrate-less double-sided adhesive sheet consisting only of the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1.
[0143] The adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it comprises an adhesive layer formed from the electropenetrating adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention described above (hereinafter also referred to as the "electropenetrating adhesive layer"). The adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention may also have other adhesive layers other than the adhesive layer according to the embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as the "other adhesive layer").
[0144] The adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention may also have a base material, a conductive layer, an electrically conductive base material, an intermediate layer, and a primer layer, in addition to the above. The adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention may be in the form of a roll wound up or in the form of a sheet. The term "adhesive sheet" also includes the meaning of "adhesive tape." That is, the adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention may be an adhesive tape having a tape-like form.
[0145] An adhesive sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention may consist only of an adhesive layer without a substrate, i.e., a substrate-less double-sided adhesive sheet. An adhesive sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a double-sided adhesive sheet having a substrate, wherein both sides of the substrate are adhesive layers (electro-release adhesive layers, or other adhesive layers). Alternatively, an adhesive sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a single-sided adhesive sheet having a substrate, wherein only one side of the substrate is an adhesive layer (electro-release adhesive layer, or other adhesive layer). An adhesive sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a release liner for the purpose of protecting the surface of the adhesive layer, but such release liner is not included in the adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[0146] The conductive substrate is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity on at least one surface. For example, it may be a conductive substrate with a laminated structure including a substrate and a conductive layer, or it may be a conductive substrate with a single-phase structure consisting only of a conductive layer. The surface resistance of the conductive surface of the conductive substrate is, for example, 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 4 Ω / □ or less, preferably 1.0 × 10 3 The resistance is less than or equal to Ω / □. The surface resistance can be calculated by dividing the resistivity measured by the four-terminal method, in accordance with JIS K 7194 (1994), by the thickness of the conductive layer. Furthermore, the surface resistance of the conductive layer can be selected according to the intended use and conditions, i.e., the applied voltage conditions for stripping (whether stripping is desired at high or low voltage). Lowering the surface resistance of the conductive layer tends to lower the voltage required for stripping. For example, the surface resistance is 5.0 × 10⁻⁶. 2 It can also be less than or equal to Ω / □, and 1.0 × 10 2 It may be less than or equal to Ω / □, less than or equal to 50Ω / □, less than or equal to 40Ω / □, or less than or equal to 30Ω / □.
[0147] The conductive layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductive layer, but may be a metal-based substrate such as metal foil (e.g., aluminum, magnesium, copper, iron, tin, gold, etc.), metal plate (e.g., aluminum, magnesium, copper, iron, tin, silver, etc.), a conductive polymer, or a metal film sputtered or deposited on the substrate (e.g., aluminum, copper, iron, tin, gold, chromium, nickel, niobium, titanium, or alloys thereof).
[0148] The substrate is not particularly limited, but examples include paper-based substrates such as paper, fibrous substrates such as cloth and nonwoven fabric, plastic substrates such as films and sheets made of various plastics (polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, etc.), foam substrates of various plastics (polyolefin resins such as ethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer polymer, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer polymer; polyurethane resins; rubber resins such as acrylic rubber and other elastomers, etc.), and laminates thereof. The substrate may be in the form of a single layer or a multi-layer structure. The substrate may be subjected to various treatments as needed, such as back treatment, antistatic treatment, and primer treatment.
[0149] The adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention may further comprise a coating layer. Preferably, the coating layer is provided between the electrorelease adhesive layer and the conductive layer. By further comprising the coating layer, the adhesive sheet of this embodiment acts as a barrier to the penetration of ionic substances contained in the electrorelease adhesive layer into the conductive layer when voltage is applied, thereby preventing the conductive layer from peeling off from the substrate. Furthermore, the coating layer being in contact with the electrorelease adhesive layer improves the adhesion between the electrorelease adhesive layer and the conductive layer, preventing the interfacial adhesion between the electrorelease adhesive layer and the conductive substrate from decreasing and causing peeling within the adhesive sheet due to thermal curing of the electrorelease adhesive layer exposed to a high-temperature environment.
[0150] The coating layer is a layer mainly composed of resin or inorganic material, and can be formed from a resin composition mainly composed of resin components or a composition mainly composed of inorganic material. The coating layer may be made from at least one resin selected from polyester resins, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, or SiN x SiO x Al 2 O 3 Preferably, it contains at least one inorganic substance selected from Ni and NiCr.
[0151] Generally, from the viewpoint of initial adhesive strength, the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 1 μm or more and 1000 μm or less. The upper limit of the adhesive layer thickness is more preferably 500 μm, even more preferably 300 μm, and particularly preferably 200 μm. The lower limit is more preferably 5 μm, even more preferably 10 μm, particularly preferably 20 μm, and most preferably 30 μm.
[0152] The preferred range for the thickness of the adhesive layer can be appropriately set depending on the purpose and the form of the double-sided adhesive sheet. For example, in the case of the adhesive sheet 10 shown in Figure 1, i.e., a substrate-less double-sided adhesive sheet, the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 20 μm or more and 3000 μm or less. A thickness of 20 μm or more is preferable because it improves impact resistance and / or initial adhesive strength. A thickness of 3000 μm or less is preferable because it improves electropenetration. The upper limit of the adhesive layer thickness is more preferably 1000 μm, even more preferably 500 μm, particularly preferably 300 μm, and most preferably 200 μm. The lower limit is more preferably 30 μm, even more preferably 40 μm, particularly preferably 50 μm, and most preferably 60 μm. In some embodiments, the thickness of the adhesive layer may be 150 μm or less, 100 μm or less, or 80 μm or less. Having an adhesive layer that is not too thick can be advantageous from the viewpoint of making the adhesive sheet thinner. The technology disclosed herein can be preferably implemented, for example, in a manner in which the thickness of the adhesive layer is in the range of 20 μm to 3000 μm, more preferably 20 μm to 1000 μm, even more preferably 40 μm to 500 μm, and particularly preferably 60 μm to 200 μm.
[0153] <Method for Manufacturing Adhesive Sheets> The method for manufacturing adhesive sheets according to the embodiments of the present invention can be a known or conventional manufacturing method. For the adhesive layer in the adhesive sheet according to the embodiments of the present invention, one method is to apply a solution of the electro-peelable adhesive composition according to the embodiments of the present invention dissolved in a solvent as needed onto a release liner, and then dry and / or cure it. For other adhesive layers, one method is to apply a solution of other adhesive compositions dissolved in a solvent as needed onto a release liner, and then dry and / or cure it. The solvent and release liner can be those listed above.
[0154] Conventional coaters (e.g., gravure roll coaters, reverse roll coaters, kiss roll coaters, dip roll coaters, bar coaters, knife coaters, spray roll coaters, etc.) can be used for application.
[0155] When the electro-penetrating adhesive composition is an ultraviolet-curing adhesive composition, the adhesive layer in the adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention can be produced by irradiating a coating film formed from the ultraviolet-curing adhesive composition (pre-curing composition) with ultraviolet light. When performing ultraviolet irradiation in this manner, in order to prevent polymerization inhibition by oxygen, it is preferable to attach a cover sheet to the surface of the coating film and irradiate ultraviolet light with the electro-penetrating adhesive composition sandwiched between two sheets. Any suitable substrate can be used as the substrate and cover sheet used to form the adhesive sheet. The substrate and cover sheet may also be a release liner having a release treatment layer on the contact surface with the adhesive sheet. The light source for ultraviolet irradiation is not particularly limited as long as it can irradiate light in the wavelength range to which the photopolymerization initiator contained in the electro-penetrating adhesive composition is sensitive, and black light lamps, LED light sources, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high-pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, xenon lamps, etc., are preferably used.
[0156] The irradiation intensity of the ultraviolet light is 3 mW / cm². 2 The above is preferable. The irradiance of the ultraviolet light is 3 mW / cm². 2 If the UV intensity is below this level, the polymerization reaction time will be longer, which may result in lower productivity. The UV intensity in question is 200 mW / cm². 2 The following is preferable: The irradiance of the ultraviolet light is 200 mW / cm². 2 If the UV light intensity exceeds 100 mJ / cm², the photopolymerization initiator is rapidly consumed, leading to a decrease in the molecular weight of the polymer, which can reduce its retention capacity, especially at high temperatures. 2 ~5000mJ / cm 2 It is preferable that this is the case. By irradiating the electro-removable adhesive composition applied to the substrate with ultraviolet light, unreacted monomer components and polyfunctional monomers in the ultraviolet-curable adhesive composition (composition before curing) react to obtain a polymer in which a cross-linked structure is introduced into the polymer chain.
[0157] By the above method, an adhesive layer and other adhesive layers can be manufactured, and by laminating the adhesive layer and other adhesive layers on a substrate, a conductive layer, and an electrically conductive substrate as appropriate, an adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured. Alternatively, instead of a release liner, an adhesive sheet may be manufactured by applying an electrolytic release adhesive composition to a substrate, a conductive layer, and an electrically conductive substrate.
[0158] <Applications of the Adhesive Sheet> The adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for fixing secondary batteries (e.g., lithium-ion battery packs) used in mobile terminals such as smartphones, mobile phones, laptop computers, video cameras, and digital cameras to their casings, and for fixing the display panel of these devices to their casings.
[0159] Furthermore, examples of materials to be bonded by the adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention include silicon substrates for semiconductor wafer applications, sapphire substrates, SiC substrates and metal base substrates for LEDs, TFT substrates and color filter substrates for displays, display units, display unit protective members and housings included in mobile devices, and base substrates for organic EL panels. Examples of fragile members to be bonded by the double-sided adhesive sheet include semiconductor substrates such as compound semiconductor substrates, silicon substrates for MEMS devices, passive matrix substrates, surface cover glass for smartphones, OGS (One Glass Solution) substrates in which a touch panel sensor is attached to the cover glass, organic substrates mainly composed of silsesquioxane and organic-inorganic hybrid substrates, flexible glass substrates for flexible displays, and graphene sheets.
[0160] [Jointed Body] An embodiment of the present invention comprises an adhesive sheet according to the present invention and a conductive material, wherein the adhesive layer is attached to the conductive material. More specifically, it comprises an adhesive sheet according to the present invention and a conductive material, wherein the electropenetrating adhesive layer of the adhesive sheet is attached to the conductive material. The surface resistance of the conductive material to which the adhesive layer is attached is, for example, 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 4Ω / □ or less, preferably 1.0 × 10 3 The surface resistance is less than or equal to Ω / □. The surface resistance can be calculated by dividing the resistivity measured by the four-terminal method by the thickness of the conductive material, in accordance with JIS K 7194 (1994). Furthermore, the surface resistance of the conductive material can be selected according to the intended use and conditions, i.e., the applied voltage conditions for stripping (whether high voltage or low voltage is desired). Lowering the surface resistance of the conductive material tends to lower the voltage required for stripping. For example, the surface resistance is 5.0 × 10⁻⁶. 2 It can also be less than or equal to Ω / □, and 1.0 × 10 2 It may be less than or equal to Ω / □, less than or equal to 50Ω / □, less than or equal to 40Ω / □, or less than or equal to 30Ω / □.
[0161] Examples of conductive materials that serve as the adherend for the adhesive sheet according to the embodiment of the present invention include conductive substrates and substrates having conductive layers. The conductive substrate may be a single layer or a laminate of conductive material, and examples of conductive materials include metallic materials such as aluminum, magnesium, copper, iron, tin, silver, gold, lead, or alloys thereof; inorganic materials such as conductive metal oxides (e.g., ITO) or carbon (e.g., graphene); and resin materials such as conductive polymers (e.g., a composite made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polystyrene sulfonic acid).
[0162] Examples of substrates having a conductive layer include a substrate laminated with a conductive layer formed from the conductive materials exemplified above or composites containing these materials. Examples of composites include a conductive composition in which the conductive materials exemplified above are dispersed in a resin (for example, a conductive composition in which metal particles are dispersed in an epoxy resin). The substrate having a conductive layer may be a conductive substrate or a non-conductive substrate. The substrate of the adherend is not particularly limited, but examples include paper-based substrates such as paper, fibrous substrates such as cloth and nonwoven fabric, plastic-based substrates such as films, sheets, and housings made of various plastics (polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polyimide resins, etc.), glass substrates, metal substrates, and laminates thereof. The substrate may have a single layer or a multi-layer form. The substrate may be subjected to various treatments as needed, such as rust prevention treatment, back treatment, antistatic treatment, and priming treatment.
[0163] [Structure of the bonded body] The bonded body according to the embodiment of the present invention comprises an adhesive sheet having an adhesive layer formed from an electro-peelable adhesive composition according to the embodiment of the present invention, and a conductive material, wherein the adhesive layer is attached to the conductive material.
[0164] The above description can be applied directly to electrolytic adhesive compositions, adhesive layers, adhesive sheets, and conductive materials.
[0165] Examples of the structures of the bonded bodies according to the embodiments of the present invention include the structures shown in Figures 2 to 5. In all of these, the conductive materials are bonded by an electropenetrating adhesive layer 1. Examples of the bonded bodies according to the embodiments of the present invention include: Bonded body X1 in Figure 2, in which a conductive substrate 2 is bonded to both sides of an electropenetrating adhesive layer 1; Bonded body X2 in Figure 3, in which a conductive substrate 2 is bonded to one side of an electropenetrating adhesive layer 1, and the conductive layer side of a conductive substrate 2 having a conductive layer 5 is bonded to the other side; Bonded body X3 in Figure 4, in which the conductive layer side of a non-conductive substrate 3 having a conductive layer 5 is bonded to both sides of an electropenetrating adhesive layer 1. Also, Bonded body X4 in Figure 5, in which the conductive layer side of a non-conductive substrate 3 having a conductive layer 5 is bonded to the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1 side of a single-sided adhesive sheet 11 having an electrical conductive substrate 7, where one side of the electrical conductive substrate 7 is an electropenetrating adhesive layer 1, and the conductive layer side of a non-conductive substrate 3 having a conductive layer 5 is bonded to the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1 side of the single-sided adhesive sheet 11, and the electrical conductive substrate 7 and the non-conductive substrate 3 are bonded via other adhesive layers 6. In yet another embodiment, in the bonded body X2 of Figure 3, the conductive substrate 2 having the conductive layer 5 may be replaced with a non-conductive substrate 3 having the conductive layer 5.
[0166] [Method for separating a bonded body] A method for separating a bonded body according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises an adhesive sheet having an adhesive layer formed of an electro-peelable adhesive composition and a conductive material, wherein the adhesive layer is attached to the conductive material, and the method for separating a bonded body involves applying a voltage to the adhesive layer to separate the adhesive sheet from the adherend.
[0167] In the bonded structure, the electropenetrating adhesive layer is attached to a conductive substrate, the conductive layer side of a conductive material, or an electrically conductive substrate. The bonded structure is separated by applying a voltage to the electropenetrating adhesive layer via the conductive substrate, conductive layer, or electrically conductive substrate. In other words, the separation of the bonded structure according to the embodiment of the present invention can be achieved by applying a voltage to the electropenetrating adhesive layer, thereby generating a potential difference in the thickness direction of the electropenetrating adhesive layer.
[0168] For example, if the bonded body has a laminated structure similar to bonded body X1 shown in Figure 2, it can be separated by applying current to the conductive substrates 2 bonded to both sides of the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1 and applying a voltage to the electropenetrating adhesive layer. If the bonded body has a laminated structure similar to bonded body X2 shown in Figure 3, it can be separated by applying current to the conductive layer 5 bonded to one side of the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1 and the conductive substrate 2 bonded to the other side of the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1 and applying a voltage to the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1. If the bonded body has a laminated structure similar to bonded body X3 shown in Figure 4, it can be separated by applying current to the conductive layers 5 bonded to both sides of the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1 and applying a voltage to the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1. If the bonded body has a laminated structure similar to bonded body X4 shown in Figure 5, it can be separated by applying current to the conductive layer 5 and the conductive substrate 7 and applying a voltage to the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1. In yet another embodiment, if the bonded body X2 shown in Figure 3 has a conductive substrate 2 having a conductive layer 5 replaced by a non-conductive substrate 3 having a conductive layer 5, the bonded body can be separated by applying current to the conductive layer 5 bonded to one side of the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1 and the conductive substrate 2 bonded to the other side of the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1, thereby applying a voltage to the electropenetrating adhesive layer 1.
[0169] It is preferable to apply current by connecting terminals to one end and the other end of the bond so that a voltage is applied to the entire electro-peelable adhesive layer. The above-mentioned one end and the other end may be part of the conductive substrate, conductive layer, and current-carrying substrate. When separating, water may be added to the interface between the conductive layer and the electro-peelable adhesive layer, or the interface between the conductive material and the electro-peelable adhesive layer, before applying the voltage. For electrode connection, conductive materials (X1 to X4) can be selected to connect the cathode and anode depending on the adhesive interface to be separated.
[0170] As described above, the following matters are disclosed in this specification: <1> An electrolytic adhesive composition comprising a polymer (A), an ionic substance (B), and a tertiary amine compound (C), wherein the tertiary amine compound (C) is an alkylene oxide adduct and has three or fewer nitrogen atoms. <2> The electrolytic adhesive composition according to <1>, comprising the tertiary amine compound (C) having one nitrogen atom. <3> The electrolytic adhesive composition according to <1>, wherein the tertiary amine compound (C) is represented by the following formula (X) or the following formula (Y).
[0171]
[0172] (In the above formula (X), A is a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both, R 1 and R 2 (Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n1 and n2 are independently integers from 1 to 4.)
[0173]
[0174] (In the above formula (Y), B 1 and B 2 Each of these is independently a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both. 3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n3 is an integer from 1 to 4.) <4> R in formula (X) 1 and R 2 The electrolytic adhesive composition according to <3>, wherein the group is a methyl group and n1=n2=1. <5> The electrolytic adhesive composition according to <1>, wherein the polymer (A) is an acrylic polymer. <6> The electrolytic adhesive composition according to <1>, wherein the ionic substance (B) is an ionic liquid. <7> The electrolytic adhesive composition according to <1>, for fixing components in electrical and electronic equipment.
[0175] <8> An adhesive layer formed by an electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of <1> to <7>. <9> An adhesive sheet comprising an adhesive layer formed from an electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of <1> to <7>. <10> A bond comprising the adhesive sheet according to <9> and a conductive material, wherein the adhesive layer is attached to the conductive material.
[0176] The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Note that parts and percentages in each example are all based on mass.
[0177] [Example 1] (Preparation of acrylic adhesive composition) A monomer mixture consisting of 87 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate (BA), 10 parts by mass of 2-methoxyethyl acrylate (MEA), and 3 parts by mass of acrylic acid (AA) is mixed with 0.05 parts by mass of Omnirad 184 (1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (trade name: Omnirad 184, having an absorption band in the wavelength range of 200 to 370 nm, manufactured by BASF)) as a photopolymerization initiator. After blending 0.05 parts by mass of 651 (2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one (trade name: Omnirad 651, having an absorption band in the wavelength range of 200 to 380 nm, manufactured by BASF)), ultraviolet light was irradiated until the viscosity (measurement conditions: BH viscometer No. 5 rotor, 10 rpm, measurement temperature 30°C) reached approximately 20 Pa·s, thereby obtaining a prepolymer composition in which a portion of the above monomer mixture had polymerized. Next, to 100 parts by mass of the prepolymer composition, 0.16 parts by mass of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), 4 parts by mass of ionic liquid (product name: Elexel AS-110, cation: 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation, anion: bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion, manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), and 3 parts by mass of corrosion inhibitor (product name: Sunhibiter No. 70, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd.) were added and stirred to obtain an acrylic adhesive composition (pre-curing composition).
[0178] Here, Sunhibitor No. 70 is a corrosion inhibitor containing the following compounds.
[0179]
[0180] (Formation of electropenetrating adhesive layer) The acrylic adhesive composition (pre-curing composition) was applied to the peeled surface of a release liner (product name "MRF38", manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) so that the thickness (sheet thickness) after the formation of the electropenetrating adhesive layer was 60 μm. Then, the peeled surface of the release liner (product name "MRE38", manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) was bonded to the surface of the adhesive composition layer. After that, the illuminance was 8 mW / cm². 2 , Light amount: 2000mJ / cm 2 The adhesive composition layer was photocured by UV irradiation at a peak wavelength of 340 nm to form an electropenetrating adhesive layer.
[0181] [Examples 2-3, Comparative Examples 1-5] Except for using the components shown in Table 1, electropenetrating adhesive layers of Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were formed in the same manner as in Example 1. However, in Comparative Example 5, the acrylic compound liquid contained a corrosion inhibitor (DSSG) that was incompatible with the other components, making it impossible to obtain a uniform electropenetrating adhesive layer. For this reason, as will be described later regarding the appearance of the sheet, it was not possible to perform reproducible evaluations of initial adhesive strength and electropenetrating strength, nor to conduct corrosion resistance tests on the electropenetrating adhesive layer of Comparative Example 5.
[0182] The abbreviations for corrosion inhibitors in Table 1 are as follows:
[0183] (Corrosion inhibitor) [Sanhibitor No. 70 / Sebacic acid] salt The salt prepared by the following method was used. 10 g of Sanhibitor No. 70 (manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., molecular weight 215), 4.7 g of sebacic acid (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industries, Ltd., molecular weight 202), and 100 g of ethanol were charged into a round-bottom flask and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the ethanol was completely evaporated using a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure to obtain the desired salt.
[0184] DIB2P: 1,1'-(dodecylimino)bis[2-propanol]
[0185]
[0186] [Sanhibitor No. 70 / Sebacic Acid] Salt The salt prepared by the following method was used. 10 g of DIB2P (molecular weight 301.5), 3.35 g of sebacic acid (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., molecular weight 202), and 100 g of ethanol were charged into a round-bottom flask and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the ethanol was completely evaporated using a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure to obtain the desired salt.
[0187] TT-LY(AH): A corrosion inhibitor containing the following compounds, manufactured by Johoku Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
[0188]
[0189] IRGAMET 30: N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-1,2,4-triazole-1-ylmethaneamine, trade name "IRGAMET 30", manufactured by BASF TT-LX: 1-[N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl)aminomethyl]methylbenzotriazole, trade name "TT-LX", manufactured by Johoku Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Amine O: Imidazolin derivative, trade name "Amine O", manufactured by BASF DSSG: Disodium sebacate, trade name "IRGACOR DSSG", manufactured by BASF
[0190] <Preparation of single-sided adhesive sheet with substrate> The obtained electro-peelable adhesive layer (adhesive sheet) was made into a sheet with a size of 10 mm x 80 mm, the release liner (product name "MRE38", manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) was peeled off, and the metal layer side of a metal-layered film (product name "1005CR", manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc., thickness 12 μm, size 10 mm x 100 mm) was bonded to the exposed electro-peelable adhesive layer surface to create a single-sided adhesive sheet with a substrate.
[0191] <Preparation of Joint A> The release liner (product name "MRF38", manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) of the single-sided adhesive sheet with a base material was peeled off, and a stainless steel plate was attached to the peeled surface so that one end of the adhesive sheet protruded from the adherend by about 2 mm. The sheet was pressed with a 2 kg roller for one back-and-forth motion, and left for 30 minutes in an environment of 23 ± 1°C and 50 ± 5% RH to obtain a joint consisting of a stainless steel plate (product name "SUS316", manufactured by Standard Test Piece Co., Ltd.) / electropenetrating adhesive layer (adhesive sheet) / metal layered film (electrical substrate).
[0192] <Preparation of Joint B> The release liner (product name "MRF38", manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) of the single-sided adhesive sheet with a substrate was peeled off, and an aluminum plate was attached to the peeled surface so that one end of the adhesive sheet protruded from the substrate by about 2 mm. The sheet was pressed with a 2 kg roller for one back-and-forth motion, and left for 30 minutes in an environment of 23 ± 1°C and 50 ± 5% RH to obtain a joint consisting of an aluminum plate (product name "A5052", manufactured by Standard Test Piece Co., Ltd.), an electro-peelable adhesive layer (adhesive sheet), and a metal-layered film (electrical substrate).
[0193] (Sheet Appearance) The appearance of the electro-peelable adhesive layer (sheet appearance) was evaluated according to the following criteria: A: A uniform and transparent electro-peelable adhesive layer was formed. B: A uniform electro-peelable adhesive layer could not be obtained.
[0194] (Gel content) Approximately 0.1 g of the electropenetrating adhesive layer obtained in the examples and comparative examples was taken, wrapped in a porous tetrafluoroethylene sheet with an average pore size of 0.2 μm (product name "NTF1122", manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation), tied with kite string, and the weight at that time was measured and this weight was taken as the weight before immersion (Z). The weight before immersion is the total weight of the electropenetrating adhesive layer (the electropenetrating adhesive layer taken above), the tetrafluoroethylene sheet, and the kite string. The total weight of the tetrafluoroethylene sheet and the kite string was also measured and this weight was taken as the package weight (Y). Next, the electropenetrating adhesive layer wrapped in the tetrafluoroethylene sheet and tied with kite string (referred to as "sample") was placed in a 50 ml container filled with ethyl acetate and left to stand at 23 ± 1 °C for 7 days. Subsequently, the sample (after ethyl acetate treatment) was removed from the container, transferred to an aluminum cup, and dried in a drying oven at 130°C for 2 hours to remove the ethyl acetate. The weight was then measured and designated as the weight after immersion (X). The gel fraction was then calculated using the following formula: Gel fraction [% (weight %)] = (X - Y) / (Z - Y) × 100
[0195] (Initial adhesive strength (23°C / 50%RH 72hr)) The electropenetrating adhesive layers of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were evaluated. The bonded body A prepared as described above was left to stand at 23±1°C and 50±5%RH for 72 hours, and then the adhesive strength (23°C / 50%RH 72hr) in a 180° peel test (tensile speed: 300 mm / min, peel temperature 23±1°C, humidity 50±5%RH) was measured using a peel tester (product name "Variable Angle Peel Tester YSP", manufactured by Asahi Seiko Co., Ltd.). The initial adhesive strength was calculated according to the method for measuring peel adhesion described in JIS Z 0237 (2009).
[0196] (Electropeel force (23°C / 50%RH 72hr)) The electropeel force (23°C / 50%RH 72hr) was measured in the same manner as the initial adhesion force measurement described above, except that, before peeling, the positive and negative electrodes of a DC current machine were attached to the metal layer of the metal-layered film 5' corresponding to α and β in Figure 6 of the bonded body A and to the stainless steel plate 3' (SUS316L) of the bonded body, respectively, and a voltage of 30V was applied for 60 seconds. Immediately after stopping the voltage application, the electropeelable adhesive layer corresponding to 4' was peeled off from the stainless steel plate.
[0197] (Corrosion Resistance Test) The joint B prepared as described above was left to stand in a constant temperature bath at 60°C and 90% RH for 250 hours, and then left to stand for 24 hours in an environment of 23±1°C and 50±5% RH. After that, it was peeled 180° using a peel tester (product name "Variable Angle Peel Tester YSP", manufactured by Asahi Seiko Co., Ltd.) (tensile speed: 300 mm / min, peel temperature 23°C, humidity 50% RH). The degree of corrosion of the aluminum plate after 180° peeling was evaluated visually according to the following criteria. A: No white rust on the aluminum plate B: White rust present on the aluminum plate
[0198]
[0199] The adhesive tapes using the electropenetrating adhesive compositions of Examples 1 to 3 exhibited good electropenetration properties, and it was found that corrosion prevention function was achieved even with only one type of corrosion inhibitor. Furthermore, it was found that the photopolymerization of acrylic monomers was not inhibited even when polymerized by photopolymerization.
[0200] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. Embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
[0201] Although various embodiments have been described above with reference to the drawings, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to these examples. It is clear to those skilled in the art that various modifications or alterations can be conceived within the scope of the claims, and these will naturally also fall within the technical scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the components of the above embodiments may be combined in any way without departing from the spirit of the invention.
[0202] This application is based on the Japanese Patent Application No. 2025-056528 filed on March 28, 2025, the contents of which are incorporated by reference within this application.
[0203] An adhesive sheet comprising an adhesive layer formed from the electrolytic adhesive composition of this embodiment can be used, for example, to fix a secondary battery used in a mobile terminal to its housing.
[0204] 1. Electropeelable adhesive layer 2. Conductive substrate 3. Non-conductive substrate 5. Conductive layer 6. Other adhesive layers 7. Conductive substrate 10. Adhesive sheet 11. Single-sided adhesive sheet X1-X4. Joint
Claims
1. An electrolytic adhesive composition comprising a polymer (A), an ionic substance (B), and a tertiary amine compound (C), wherein the tertiary amine compound (C) is an alkylene oxide adduct and has three or fewer nitrogen atoms.
2. The electrolytic adhesive composition according to claim 1, comprising the tertiary amine compound (C) having one nitrogen atom.
3. The electrolytic adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the tertiary amine compound (C) is represented by the following formula (X) or the following formula (Y). (In the above formula (X), A is a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both, R 1 and R 2 (Each of these is independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n1 and n2 are independently integers from 1 to 4.) (In the above formula (Y), B 1 and B 2 Each of these is independently a functional group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and the functional group may contain an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, or both. 3 (where n3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n3 is an integer from 1 to 4.) 4. R in equation (X) above 1 and R 2 The electrolytic adhesive composition according to claim 3, wherein is a methyl group and n1=n2=1.
5. The electrolytic adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymer (A) is an acrylic polymer.
6. The electrolytic adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the ionic substance (B) is an ionic liquid.
7. The electrolytic adhesive composition according to claim 1, for fixing components in electrical and electronic equipment.
8. An adhesive layer formed by the electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An adhesive sheet comprising an adhesive layer formed from an electrolytic adhesive composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A bonded body comprising the adhesive sheet described in claim 9 and a conductive material, wherein the adhesive layer is attached to the conductive material.