Battery assembly and device comprising same

Abstract

A battery assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; a frame which covers at least a portion of the battery cell stack and has a venting hole formed therein; an inlet and an outlet for circulating a refrigerant into the frame; and at least one pad positioned between the battery cells and / or on the outer side of the battery cell stack. A pouch covers at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the pad.

Description

Battery assembly and device including the same

[0001] Cross-citation with related application(s)

[0002] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0038135 dated March 25, 2025, and all contents disclosed in the document of said Korean patent application are incorporated herein as part of this specification.

[0003] The present invention relates to a battery assembly and a device including the same, and more specifically, to a battery assembly and a device including the same that improve safety and thermal management performance by effectively separating a cooling path and a venting path.

[0004] In modern society, as the use of portable devices such as mobile phones, laptops, camcorders, and digital cameras has become commonplace, the development of technologies related to such mobile devices is becoming active. Furthermore, rechargeable secondary batteries are being utilized as power sources for electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (P-HEVs) as a solution to address air pollution caused by conventional gasoline vehicles using fossil fuels; consequently, the need for the development of secondary batteries is increasing.

[0005] Currently commercialized rechargeable batteries include nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen, nickel-zinc, and lithium-ion batteries. Among these, lithium-ion batteries are gaining attention for their advantages, such as the ability to charge and discharge freely with almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries, a very low self-discharge rate, and high energy density.

[0006] These lithium secondary batteries primarily use lithium-based oxides and carbon materials as the positive and negative active materials, respectively. The lithium secondary battery comprises an electrode assembly in which a positive plate and a negative plate, each coated with the positive and negative active materials, are arranged with a separator in between, and a battery case that seals and houses the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte.

[0007] Generally, lithium secondary batteries can be classified according to the shape of the casing into can-type secondary batteries, in which the electrode assembly is embedded in a metal can, and pouch-type secondary batteries, in which the electrode assembly is embedded in a pouch of aluminum laminate sheet.

[0008] In the case of secondary batteries used in small devices, 2 to 3 battery cells are arranged, whereas in the case of secondary batteries used in medium to large devices such as automobiles, a battery assembly in which multiple battery cells are electrically connected is used. In such a battery assembly, capacity and output are improved by connecting multiple battery cells in series or parallel to form a battery cell stack. In addition, one or more battery assemblies can be mounted together with various control and protection systems, such as a Battery Disconnect Unit (BDU), a Battery Management System (BMS), and a cooling system, to form a battery pack.

[0009] Medium to large battery assemblies, which utilize multiple connected battery cells, face the challenge of effectively managing the heat generated during charging and discharging. Inadequate thermal management can lead to temperature imbalances between cells, resulting in performance degradation, shortened lifespan, and even dangerous situations such as explosions. Consequently, there is a growing technical demand for ensuring gas ventilation and airtightness, along with effective thermal management within the battery assembly.

[0010] Currently commercialized battery assemblies have limitations, such as unclear separation between cooling and gas exhaust paths, or the potential for structural damage due to external shocks and vibrations. To address these issues, a new design is required that maximizes thermal management performance and effectively separates the gas exhaust and cooling paths. At the same time, a technical approach is needed to enhance the durability of the battery assembly and increase efficiency by simplifying the manufacturing and assembly processes.

[0011] To solve these problems, the present invention aims to provide a battery assembly and a battery pack including the same, which improves the thermal management, gas evacuation, airtightness, and structural stability of a battery cell stack.

[0012] The problem that the present invention aims to solve is to provide a battery assembly and a device including the same that can secure structural stability and long-term reliability by separating the gas discharge path and the refrigerant circulation path without mutual interference.

[0013] However, the problems that the embodiments of the present invention aim to solve are not limited to the problems described above and can be expanded in various ways within the scope of the technical ideas included in the present invention.

[0014] A battery assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked; a frame having a venting hole formed therein that covers at least a portion of the battery cell stack; an inlet and an outlet for circulating a refrigerant into the frame; and at least one pad located at least one of the places between the battery cells or on the outside of the battery cell stack. A pouch covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the pad.

[0015] The above pouch can cover one side of the pad along the direction toward the venting hole of the frame.

[0016] Due to the above pouch, the refrigerant may not flow into the area between the portion of the frame where the venting hole is located and the battery cell stack.

[0017] A first resin layer may be applied to a first surface of the battery cell laminate, and a second resin layer may be applied to a second surface located opposite the first surface of the battery cell laminate.

[0018] The above pouch can cover one side of the pad located on the second side of the battery cell laminate.

[0019] One side of the pad located on the first side of the battery cell stack may not be covered by the pouch.

[0020] The portion of the above frame where the venting hole is located can cover the second surface of the battery cell stack.

[0021] The second resin layer can be applied while avoiding the portion corresponding to the venting hole.

[0022] At least a portion of the second resin layer may be applied along the edge of the second surface of the battery cell laminate.

[0023] The battery cell includes a sealing portion, and at least a portion of the sealing portion may be positioned to face the venting hole.

[0024] The above pouch can cover one or both sides of the pad according to the direction facing the battery cell among the pads.

[0025] The above pouch may include a metal material.

[0026] The above battery cell stack and the above frame are further included in a housing that accommodates them, and a first opening may be provided in the housing that overlaps at least a portion with the venting hole.

[0027] The above housing includes a second opening and a third opening that are open in directions facing each other, and end covers may be located at each of the second opening and the third opening.

[0028] The end cover may include a main body portion covering the second opening or the third opening; and an extension portion extending from the main body portion to cover the outer surface of the housing.

[0029] A sealant may be applied between the extension and the outer surface of the housing.

[0030] The battery cell includes an electrode lead, and a foam may be located at one end of the battery cell in the direction in which the electrode lead protrudes.

[0031] The above foam can cover the electrode lead.

[0032] The system further includes a busbar frame assembly comprising a busbar electrically connected to the electrode lead and a busbar frame on which the busbar is disposed, and the foam can come into contact with the busbar frame.

[0033] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a battery pack including the battery assembly is provided.

[0034] According to embodiments of the present invention, the gas discharge path and the refrigerant path can be separated without mutual interference, thereby allowing high-temperature gas generated during a thermal runaway situation to be discharged quickly and safely.

[0035] The effects of the present invention are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description in the claims.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a battery assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 is a plan view showing the battery assembly of Figure 1.

[0038] Figure 3 is a plan view showing the battery assembly of Figure 1 viewed from a different angle than that of Figure 2.

[0039] Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the coupling relationship between the battery cell stack and the frame in the battery assembly of Figure 1.

[0040] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section cut along the cutting line A-A' of Figure 3.

[0041] FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a pad according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 is a plan view showing the pad of Figure 6.

[0043] FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a part of a battery cell laminate having a second resin layer according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a part of a battery cell laminate having a first resin layer according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a battery assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a battery assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing a battery assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a battery cell according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view showing a part of the battery cell of FIG. 13.

[0050] FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view showing the coupling relationship between the battery cell stack and the frame and housing of FIG. 4.

[0051] FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view showing a battery assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view showing the coupling relationship between a housing and an end cover according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an end cover according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section cut along the cutting line B-B' of FIG. 3.

[0055] FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a battery cell and a foamed foam according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a busbar frame assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] FIG. 22 is a plan view showing the busbar frame assembly of FIG. 21.

[0058] FIG. 23 is a plan view showing the relationship between the foam of FIG. 20 and the busbar frame.

[0059] Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0060] To clearly explain the present invention, parts unrelated to the explanation have been omitted, and the same reference numerals are used for identical or similar components throughout the specification.

[0061] Furthermore, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are depicted arbitrarily for convenience of explanation, and thus the present invention is not necessarily limited to what is illustrated. Thicknesses have been enlarged in the drawings to clearly represent various layers and regions. Additionally, for convenience of explanation, the thickness of some layers and regions has been exaggerated in the drawings.

[0062] Furthermore, when a part such as a layer, membrane, region, or plate is said to be "on" or "on" another part, this includes not only the case where it is "directly above" the other part, but also the case where there is another part in between. Conversely, when a part is said to be "directly above" another part, it means that there is no other part in between. Also, saying that a part is "on" or "on" a reference part means that it is located above or below the reference part, and does not necessarily mean that it is located "on" or "on" facing the opposite direction of gravity.

[0063] Furthermore, throughout the specification, when a part is described as "including" a certain component, this means that, unless specifically stated otherwise, it does not exclude other components but may include additional components.

[0064] Additionally, throughout the specification, "planar" means when the subject part is viewed from above, and "cross-sectional" means when the cross-section obtained by vertically cutting the subject part is viewed from the side.

[0065] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a battery assembly (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the battery assembly (100) of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the battery assembly (100) of FIG. 1 viewed from an angle different from that of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing the coupling relationship between the battery cell stack (120) and the frame (130) in the battery assembly (100) of FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section cut along the cutting line A-A' of FIG. 3. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a pad (160) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the pad (160) of FIG. 6.

[0066] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 7, a battery assembly (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a battery cell stack (120) in which a plurality of battery cells (110) are stacked; a frame (130) that covers at least a portion of the battery cell stack (120) and has a venting hole (131) formed therein; an inlet (140) and an outlet (150) for circulating a refrigerant into the frame (130); and at least one pad (160) located between the battery cells (110) or on the outside of the battery cell stack (120). A pouch (170) covers at least a portion of the outer surface of the pad (160).

[0067] The battery cell (110) according to the present embodiment may be a battery cell of various shapes, for example, a pouch-type battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, or a cylindrical battery cell. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the battery cell (110) according to the present embodiment may be a pouch-type battery cell (110). Although the following description describes a pouch-type battery cell (110), the battery cell according to the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and various types of battery cells may be applied.

[0068] In the battery assembly (100), multiple battery cells (110) may be provided. For example, multiple battery cells (110) may be stacked along one direction to form a battery cell stack (120) so that they can be electrically connected to each other. For example, multiple battery cells (110) may be stacked upright along a direction parallel to the x-axis of FIG. 4. The battery cells (110) may be stacked from one side of the frame (130) to another side of the frame (130) with one side of the battery cells (110) parallel to some of the side portions of the frame (130). Accordingly, electrode leads (112) may protrude in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the battery cells (110) are stacked. In the battery cell (110), one electrode lead (112) may protrude toward the y-axis direction of FIG. 4, and another electrode lead (112) may protrude toward the -y-axis direction of FIG. 4. If the battery cell (110) has electrode leads (112) protruding in only one direction, the electrode leads (112) may protrude in the y-axis direction of FIG. 4 or the -y-axis direction of FIG. 4.

[0069] The frame (130) according to the present embodiment covers at least a portion of the battery cell stack (120) including a venting hole (131) and can provide a venting path so that venting gas can be discharged to the outside. The frame (130) may be made of an aluminum alloy or a highly durable composite material, and the venting hole (131) may be located in the center of the frame (130) to facilitate gas discharge. The venting hole (131) may be designed with optimized location and size to rapidly discharge high-temperature gas generated during thermal runaway inside the battery assembly (100).

[0070] The refrigerant according to the present embodiment may be introduced into the housing (180) through the inlet (140) and then discharged outside the battery assembly (100) through the outlet (150). At this time, the refrigerant is a cooling medium that cools a heat-generating object, and there are no restrictions on its form or material. Refrigerants (CL) of various phases may be applied. For example, a cooling medium in a solid, fluid, liquid, or gaseous state may be applied to the refrigerant (CL) without restriction. In addition, bubbles, paraffin, or phase change materials (PCM) may be applied to the refrigerant (CL).

[0071] For example, the refrigerant may be a fluid. For example, the refrigerant may be a refrigerant or a cooling water. However, since the refrigerant comes into direct contact with the battery cell stack (120), other electrical components, and terminal assembly, etc. within the battery assembly (100), it needs to be electrically insulated. Therefore, the refrigerant may be a material having insulating properties. However, these are exemplary materials, and as described above, any material capable of cooling an object requiring cooling can be applied to the refrigerant (CL) in the present invention without limitation.

[0072] Specifically, the heat of the battery cell stack (120) can be effectively managed by circulating a refrigerant inside the frame (130). By circulating the refrigerant in direct contact with the battery cell stack (120), the heat of the battery cell (110) can be efficiently released.

[0073] In the first and second directions, which are opposite to and parallel to the direction in which the battery cells (110) are stacked, the inlet (140) may be positioned offset in the first direction from the center of the battery cell stack (120) in the direction in which the battery cells (110) are stacked. The outlet (150) may be positioned offset in the second direction from the center of the battery cell stack (120) in the direction in which the battery cells (110) are stacked. That is, it is preferable for the inlet (140) and the outlet (150) to be located on opposite sides of each other with respect to the direction in which the battery cells (110) are stacked. When the inlet (140) and the outlet (150) are arranged in this way, the refrigerant can flow through the entire space inside the frame (130) and evenly cool all the battery cells (110). If the inlet (140) and the outlet (150) are located together at the center of the battery cell stack (120) in the direction in which the battery cells (110) are stacked, the refrigerant will flow only to the central part, which has the least flow resistance, so the refrigerant will not flow well to the battery cells (110) located at the outer part of the battery cell stack (120). Consequently, this can lead to an imbalance in cooling within the battery assembly (100). For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the battery cells (110) can be stacked along a direction parallel to the x-axis. In this case, the first and second directions described above may be directions parallel to the x-axis. The inlet (140) may be positioned in the -x-axis direction relative to the center of the battery cell stack (120) in the direction in which the battery cells (110) are stacked, and the outlet (150) may be positioned in the x-axis direction relative to the center of the battery cell stack (120) along the axial direction.

[0074] The venting hole (131) of the frame (130) according to the present embodiment can suppress the rise in internal pressure and reduce the risk of explosion by rapidly discharging high-temperature gas to the outside during thermal runaway. This prevents the thermal runaway from spreading to other battery cells (110), thereby increasing the safety of the entire battery assembly (100).

[0075] The pad (160) can increase physical stability by absorbing vibrations or shocks and maintaining a constant spacing between battery cells (110). The pad (160) can mitigate expansion forces or external vibrations that may occur during charging, thereby reducing direct deformation or damage to the battery cell stack (120).

[0076] A pouch (170) can wrap around at least a portion of the outer surface of the pad (160). The pouch (170) can control the inflow of refrigerant around the gas venting path and help the pad (160) perform its original function stably for a long period. That is, the pouch (170) can prevent refrigerant from flowing into the gas venting path and minimize path interference between the refrigerant and the venting gas in the battery assembly, thereby ensuring both efficient thermal management and safety.

[0077] Referring again to FIGS. 1 to 7, a pouch (170) according to one embodiment of the present invention can cover one side of a pad (160) in a direction toward the venting hole (131) of a frame (130).

[0078] The pouch (170) covers one side of the pad (160) in the direction toward the venting hole (131) of the frame (130), thereby reducing the situation where moisture or refrigerant enters the venting hole (131) path. The pouch (170) may have a structure that selectively wraps one side of the pad (160), thereby effectively blocking refrigerant from penetrating the venting path. The pouch (170) may include a metallic thin film or a synthetic resin material, and may be fixed along the edges using an adhesive or heat fusion technique so as not to interfere with the operation of venting gas escaping. Additionally, the pouch (170) may have strength to withstand impact or heat, thereby protecting the pad (160) from external loads applied to the venting hole (131).

[0079] When the pouch (170) covers one side of the pad (160) facing the venting hole (131), the penetration of refrigerant into the venting path can be reduced. This allows the venting hole (131) to quickly expel gas to the outside in the event of a thermal runaway, thereby controlling the temperature or pressure rise of the battery cell stack (120). At the same time, since the pouch (170) absorbs external shocks to some extent and preserves the vibration damping function of the pad (160), both safety and reliability can be improved.

[0080] In one embodiment of the present invention, by means of a pouch (170), refrigerant may not be introduced into the area between the portion of the frame (130) where the venting hole (131) is located and the battery cell stack (120).

[0081] The pouch (170) according to the present embodiment can block the direct inflow of refrigerant between the portion of the frame (130) where the venting hole (131) is located and the battery cell stack (120). Even if the frame (130) has curvature or multiple surfaces are connected, the pouch (170) can flexibly deform, thereby reducing the situation where refrigerant seeps between the joints.

[0082] If the pouch (170) prevents the refrigerant from entering the area between the part of the frame (130) where the venting hole (131) is located and the battery cell stack (120), thermal management and safety can be improved. The battery assembly (100) can be extended by avoiding malfunctions caused by unnecessary refrigerant exposure. Since the gas venting path through the venting hole (131) is maintained while blocking access to the refrigerant, internal gas can be smoothly discharged in the event of thermal runaway, and the risk factors caused by mixing with the refrigerant can be reduced. As a result, a stable operating environment is created, and the reliability of the entire system can be increased.

[0083] FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a part of a battery cell stack (120) having a second resin layer (124) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a part of a battery cell stack (120) having a first resin layer (122) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 9, a first resin layer (122) may be applied to a first surface (121) of a battery cell stack (120) according to one embodiment of the present invention, and a second resin layer (124) may be applied to a second surface (123) located opposite the first surface (121) of the battery cell stack (120).

[0085] A first resin layer (122) may be applied to a first surface (121) of a battery cell stack (120) according to the present embodiment. For example, the first surface (121) may be the lower surface of the battery cell stack (120). The first resin layer (122) may be applied between the first surface (121) of the battery cell stack (120) and one surface of the frame (130). The first resin layer (122) may be in contact with the first surface (121) of the battery cell stack (120) and one surface of the frame (130), respectively. The first resin layer (122) may serve to prevent a refrigerant from penetrating into the lower part of the battery cell stack (120). The first resin layer (122) may include silicone or a similar high-temperature resistant resin with excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance, and may be uniformly applied with a thickness of 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less.

[0086] A second resin layer (124) may be applied to a second surface (123) located opposite to the first surface (121) of the battery cell stack (120) according to the present embodiment. For example, the second surface (123) may be the upper surface of the battery cell stack (120). The second resin layer (124) may be applied between the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) and the other surface of the frame (130). Additionally, the second resin layer (124) may be applied between the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) and the surface of the frame (130) where the venting hole (131) is provided. The second resin layer (124) may be in contact with the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) and the surface of the frame (130), respectively.

[0087] For venting gas discharge, the second surface (123) of the battery cell laminate (120) may be partially coated with resin, and the first surface (121) may be entirely coated with a first resin layer (122). Accordingly, the gas generated from the battery cells (110) can be guided to be discharged toward the second surface (123), and the possibility of gas and refrigerant penetrating into the first surface (121) can be reduced. Accordingly, the situation in which refrigerant and moisture penetrate into the venting path can be reduced by only applying the first resin layer (122) and partially applying the pouch (170) without applying an additional pouch (170) to the pad (160). That is, the gas venting path and the cooling path are clearly separated, thereby improving thermal management efficiency, and since the pouch (170) does not need to be applied to the entire surface area of ​​the pad (160) during the manufacturing process, work complexity and material costs can be reduced. By selectively arranging the resin and pouch (170), the venting path is not closed more than necessary, allowing for smooth gas discharge and ensuring stable performance over a long period.

[0088] The second resin layer (124) can function to induce the venting gas to be discharged through the venting hole (131) and to block the refrigerant from penetrating the venting path of the venting gas from the upper part of the battery cell stack (120). The second resin layer (124) can protect the gas venting path by applying it only to the part that does not directly overlap with the venting hole (131). That is, as will be described later, the second resin layer (124) can be applied while avoiding the part corresponding to the venting hole (131). For example, the second resin layer (124) can be applied along the edge of the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120). The method of applying the second resin layer (124) can form a pattern as needed to cover only specific parts, and can be designed to prevent the refrigerant from flowing into the venting path of the venting gas while maintaining thermal resistance.

[0089] By providing a first resin layer (122) and a second resin layer (124), the battery cell stack (120) can be designed to effectively manage heat and safely discharge gases generated under high-temperature conditions. That is, by using the first resin layer (122) and the second resin layer (124), the cooling path and the venting path of the venting gas can be separated by preventing refrigerant from penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the battery cell stack (120). The first resin layer (122) and the second resin layer (124) are composed of a high-temperature resistant material, so they can maintain a stable physical structure even during a long-term thermal cycle, and the stability of the battery system can be ensured by blocking the inflow of refrigerant.

[0090] The pouch (170) can cover one side of the pad (160) in the direction toward the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) to reduce the situation where refrigerant or moisture seeps into the venting path. The pouch (170) may include a structure that prevents refrigerant from interfering with the path through which the venting gas is discharged, and accordingly, the second resin layer (124) can be selectively applied only to a portion of the surface rather than the entire surface, thereby making the material usage and manufacturing process more efficient. That is, if the pouch (170) effectively blocks the path through which refrigerant or moisture travels, the second resin layer (124) does not need to cover an excessively large area, thus saving on usage. When the application area of ​​the second resin layer (124) is reduced, manufacturing costs and time are reduced, and since the upper surface of the battery cell stack (120) is not excessively sealed, gas circulation can be made free. A structure is formed in which high-temperature gas is rapidly discharged through the venting hole (131) while the cooling fluid does not encroach upon critical areas, thereby efficiently suppressing the risk of thermal runaway or pressure rise.

[0091] As a result, by clearly separating the cooling path and the venting path of the venting gas, thermal management efficiency can be maximized, and the stability and durability of the battery assembly (100) can be greatly improved.

[0092] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a battery assembly (100) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0093] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10, a pouch (170) according to one embodiment of the present invention can cover one side of a pad (160) located on a second side (123) of a battery cell laminate (120).

[0094] The pouch (170) according to the present embodiment can cover one side of the pad (160) located on the second surface (123) of the battery cell laminate (120). The pad (160) can absorb shock or dissipate heat by contacting the battery cell laminate (120). The pouch (170) can be made of a material with high sealing properties to prevent refrigerant or moisture from coming into direct contact with the surface of the pad (160). The coverage area of ​​the pouch (170) can be set according to the area occupied by the pad (160) on the second surface (123) of the battery cell laminate (120), and can be stably attached by applying an adhesive or a heat fusion method.

[0095] One side of the pad (160) is protected by the pouch (170), thereby preventing the refrigerant from penetrating toward the second side (123) of the battery cell stack (120). Even in environments with frequent shocks or changes in humidity, the physical properties of the pad (160) are well maintained, which can improve the stability of the battery cell stack (120). Due to the attachment of the pouch (170), shock absorption and interference with the cooling path are reduced, which can increase overall thermal management performance and safety. In addition, the pouch (170) and the pad (160) can be combined through a simple process, which can save manufacturing costs and time.

[0096] FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a battery assembly (100) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0097] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 9 and FIG. 11, according to one embodiment of the present invention, one side of a pad (160) located on a first surface (121) of a battery cell stack (120) may not be covered by a pouch (170).

[0098] One side of the pad (160) located on the first surface (121) of the battery cell stack (120) according to the present embodiment may be left uncovered by the pouch (170). Since the corresponding side of the pad (160) is adjacent to the first resin layer (122), there is less chance of direct penetration of refrigerant or moisture due to resin application or structural design, even without being wrapped by the pouch (170). The pouch (170) is provided to cover the area where the resin is insufficient or the direction facing the venting hole (131) to prevent moisture or refrigerant from unnecessarily spreading around the venting path, and can selectively cover only the necessary area of ​​the pad (160).

[0099] The pad (160) may have resin applied to its entire lower surface, and there may be areas on its upper surface where resin has not yet been applied. The pouch (170) may intensively cover only the sections that come into contact with the path through which the venting gas flows, and the application of the pouch (170) may be omitted in sections where the resin is entirely applied or where there is no concern about refrigerant penetration. The pouch (170) may contain aluminum to ensure both moisture resistance and heat resistance, and is manufactured with a structure that covers about three sides, thereby sufficiently suppressing penetration of the venting path without completely covering the entire pad (160).

[0100] Even if one side of the pad (160) is not covered by the pouch (170), the risk of moisture and refrigerant ingress may be low due to the resin coating area or the structure of the battery cell stack (120). In terms of the process, since the pouch (170) selectively covers only the necessary areas, materials and process time can be reduced, and the venting function of the battery cell stack (120) is not impaired. As a result, by applying the pouch (170) only to the necessary area, thermal management and ingress prevention can be achieved simultaneously, while reducing manufacturing costs and complexity.

[0101] Referring again to FIGS. 1 to 10, the portion of the frame (130) according to one embodiment of the present invention where the venting hole (131) is located can cover the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120).

[0102] Venting gas generated in the battery cell (110) according to the present embodiment can be discharged to the outside through the venting hole (131) of the frame (130). The battery assembly (100) may have a directional venting structure that induces the discharge of venting gas in the direction in which the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) is provided.

[0103] As described above, the first resin layer (122) can be applied to the first surface (121) located opposite the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120). When the portion of the frame (130) where the venting hole (131) is located covers the second surface (123), the first resin layer (122) and the portion of the frame (130) where the venting hole (131) is located may be located opposite each other with respect to the battery cell stack (120). In the case of the first surface (121), it is difficult for venting gas to be discharged from the battery cell (110) because the first resin layer (122) is present. The venting gas can be discharged not to the first surface (121) which is blocked by the first resin layer (122), but to the second surface (123) and the direction in which the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) covering it is located. The first resin layer (122) can help implement a directional venting structure that induces the discharge of venting gas in the direction in which the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) is provided.

[0104] The frame (130) according to the present embodiment stably supports the stacked structure of the battery cell stack (120) and, at the same time, can provide a venting path for venting gas that can rapidly discharge gas generated in high-temperature situations such as thermal runaway. The frame (130) may include a structure that covers a second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120), for example, a part of the upper surface of the battery cell stack (120), and a venting hole (131) is located in this cover portion so that gas can be rapidly discharged to the outside. The frame (130) may be made of a high-strength metal material, for example, aluminum alloy or high-strength stainless steel, so as to be firmly maintained even against expansion or impact of the battery cell (110). The venting hole (131) located in the frame (130) is positioned to be in close contact with the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) and may be designed at an optimal position and size to smoothly discharge high-pressure gas when thermal runaway occurs.

[0105] The cover portion of the frame (130) covering the second side (123) is open toward the top where gas is discharged, thereby allowing the venting hole (131) to align precisely with the gas discharge hole, making it easy to discharge gas. Additionally, the frame (130) stably covers the second side (123), so that even if the battery cell stack (120) expands due to heat or pressure, the gas venting path remains unobstructed and remains in a fixed state.

[0106] By positioning the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) to cover the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120), high-temperature gas generated inside the battery cell (110) can be rapidly discharged to the outside. This ensures that a clear gas venting path is secured even if thermal runaway occurs, and prevents a rapid increase in internal pressure, thereby improving the safety of the battery assembly (100). By having the frame (130) cover the upper surface of the battery cell stack (120), strong durability against deformation caused by the expansion of the battery cell (110) can be provided, and stable gas discharge can be guaranteed. Additionally, the venting hole (131) forms an optimal path for gas discharge, thereby increasing the overall thermal stability and durability of the battery assembly (100).

[0107] FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view showing a battery assembly (100) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIG. 12, a second resin layer (124) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be applied while avoiding a portion corresponding to a venting hole (131). As described above, due to the presence of the first resin layer (122), the venting gas may be induced to be discharged to the second surface (123) rather than the first surface (121) of the battery cell stack (120). Additionally, as the second resin layer (124) applied to the second surface (123) is applied while avoiding a portion corresponding to a venting hole (131), the second resin layer (124) does not obstruct the discharge of the venting gas. The second resin layer (124) may help to implement a directional venting structure that induces the discharge of the venting gas in the direction in which the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) is provided.

[0109] By applying the second resin layer (124) so ​​as to avoid the portion corresponding to the venting hole (131), gas generated inside the battery cell (110) during thermal runaway can be rapidly discharged to the outside through the venting hole (131). This prevents the venting path of the venting gas from being blocked by the second resin layer (124), thereby ensuring that gas discharge is not obstructed and that the increase in internal pressure of the battery cell stack (120) is minimized, thereby guaranteeing the safety of the battery assembly (100). Additionally, since the second resin layer (124) is not applied around the venting hole (131), a path for the gas to flow freely is secured, thereby improving the gas discharge performance during thermal runaway.

[0110] The second resin layer (124) may mainly comprise a silicone-based resin with high heat resistance or a heat-resistant polymer material, and the second resin layer (124) may be positioned to avoid a certain portion centered on the venting hole (131) to prevent mutual interference between the cooling path and the venting path of the venting gas. The second resin layer (124) may be applied thinly and uniformly over the entire upper surface excluding the area around the venting hole (131), thereby functioning to block the refrigerant from penetrating into other areas of the battery cell stack (120).

[0111] The area where the second resin layer (124) is not applied so as not to overlap with the venting hole (131) can form a path through which the venting gas can be smoothly discharged to the outside. The method of applying the second resin layer (124) can use precise masking technology to accurately apply the resin only to the area excluding the area around the venting hole (131), and can be quickly fixed through UV curing or heat curing methods as needed.

[0112] Additionally, the second resin layer (124) can block the refrigerant from flowing into the area between the portion of the frame (130) where the venting hole (131) is located and the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120). That is, the second resin layer (124) not only implements a directional venting structure but also prevents the refrigerant from interfering with the path for discharging the venting gas.

[0113] By physically separating the refrigerant path and the venting gas path, cooling effect and safety can be achieved simultaneously. The second resin layer (124), applied while avoiding the portion corresponding to the venting hole (131), secures the venting gas path while preventing the refrigerant from entering the venting gas path and obstructing the venting gas discharge. The method of applying the second resin layer (124) blocks the refrigerant from diffusing to the upper part of the battery cell stack (120) while maintaining the gas venting path, thereby increasing the long-term thermal stability of the battery assembly (100).

[0114] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIG. 12, at least a portion of the second resin layer (124) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be applied along the edge of the second surface (123) of the battery cell laminate (120).

[0115] The second resin layer (124) according to the present embodiment is precisely applied along the edge of the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120), and the area around the venting hole (131) may be designed to avoid application. This allows the refrigerant and the venting gas to maintain their respective paths and act independently without mutual interference. As a method of applying the second resin layer (124), a precise spray coating or a patterned application method using a dispenser device may be used. This method allows the second resin layer (124) to uniformly fill the space between the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) and the frame (130), while ensuring that the venting path of the venting gas is not blocked.

[0116] The portion applied to the edge of the second resin layer (124) can serve to reinforce the sealing structure separating the inside and outside of the battery cell stack (120) and to block the refrigerant from flowing into the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120). The second resin layer (124) can be made of a silicone-based resin or a similar material with excellent high temperature and chemical stability, and the application thickness can be uniformly maintained at 0.5 mm or more and 1 mm or less.

[0117] Additionally, the second resin layer (124) can be designed to remain stable without deformation even during repeated thermal and cooling cycles, and to function properly without cracking even under external impact or battery cell (110) expansion conditions. This prevents refrigerant leakage at the edges of the battery cell stack (120) and maximizes the efficiency of the cooling system.

[0118] By applying a second resin layer (124) to the edge of the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120), it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from flowing into the edge and encroaching upon the internal structure and the venting path of the venting gas. Additionally, by blocking mutual interference between the refrigerant path and the gas venting path, the venting gas can be rapidly discharged even in situations such as thermal runaway. In other words, this structure prevents the refrigerant from flowing into the battery cell stack (120), thereby maintaining the chemical stability of the battery assembly (100) and enhancing the safety of the battery system.

[0119] The edge application method of the second resin layer (124) can also contribute to increasing cooling efficiency. The second resin layer (124) can restrict the diffusion of the refrigerant into a specific area, thereby optimizing the cooling path. This improves the overall thermal management performance of the battery cell stack (120) and ensures the long-term reliability of the battery assembly (100).

[0120] FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a battery cell (110) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view showing a part of the battery cell (110) of FIG. 13.

[0121] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 14, a battery cell (110) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a sealing portion (111), and at least a portion of the sealing portion (111) may be positioned to face a venting hole (131).

[0122] The sealing portion (111) according to the present embodiment can block the electrolyte inside the battery cell (110) from leaking out and protect the battery cell (110) from the external environment. In particular, at least a portion of the sealing portion (111) is positioned to face the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120), thereby allowing the gas to be guided in a direction desired by the user when the internal pressure of the battery cell (110) increases even in a thermal runaway situation.

[0123] The sealing portion (111) may be made of a material capable of withstanding high temperature and pressure, for example, a high-heat-resistant polymer or a metal-coated polymer, and may be composed of a multi-layer structure to increase durability. The sealing portion (111) may be released by venting gas generated when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell (110). That is, the venting gas generated from the battery cell (110) is highly likely to be discharged in the direction where the sealing portion (111) is located.

[0124] As previously described, the battery assembly (100) may have a directional venting structure that induces the discharge of venting gas in the direction in which the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) is provided. The directional venting structure can be more clearly implemented by positioning at least a portion of the sealing portion (111) toward the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120). The arrangement of the sealing portion (111) can be optimized to align with the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) so that the gas can be smoothly discharged in the direction toward the second surface (123). Thus, the arrangement of the sealing portion (111) toward the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) can be linked with the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) to contribute to ensuring smooth gas discharge.

[0125] By positioning the sealing portion (111) of the battery cell (110) so as to face the upper surface of the battery cell stack (120), i.e., the second surface (123), high-temperature gas generated inside the battery assembly (100) during a thermal runaway situation can be guided upward and safely discharged to the outside. This arrangement can help the gas to be rapidly discharged through the upper venting hole (131) and can quickly relieve the rise in internal pressure, thereby reducing the risk of explosion of the battery assembly (100). In addition, the configuration in which the sealing portion (111) is positioned so as to face the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) can prevent leakage of the internal material of the battery cell (110) even under thermal expansion or impact, thereby ensuring the long-term reliability of the battery assembly (100). The sealing portion (111) maintains sealing performance even when the battery cell stack (120) expands, thereby maintaining the chemical stability of the battery assembly (100) and blocking the leakage of electrolyte. This allows the battery cell (110) to operate stably even in high temperature and high pressure environments, and improves the overall safety and durability of the battery assembly (100).

[0126] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 14, a pouch (170) according to one embodiment of the present invention can cover one or both sides of a pad (160) according to the direction facing the battery cell (110) among the pads (160).

[0127] The pouch (170) according to the present embodiment can selectively wrap one or both sides of the pad (160) facing the battery cell (110) to suppress the situation where unnecessary moisture or refrigerant seeps into the pad (160). Since the entire lower surface of the pad (160) is coated with resin and penetration from the bottom is minimal, the application area of ​​the pouch (170) can be set mainly to the area directly facing the battery cell (110) or adjacent to the venting path.

[0128] A pouch (170) can be attached across three sides to match the thickness and shape of the pad (160), and the side or surface in contact with the battery cell (110) can be sealed primarily. The pouch (170) is fixed to the pad (160) through an adhesive or heat fusion process, and can prevent moisture from penetrating through that section even if moisture is generated at the electrode portion. Even if the pouch (170) only covers the upper area of ​​the pad (160) where the resin is not sufficiently applied, moisture or refrigerant can be blocked before reaching the battery cell (110).

[0129] The pouch (170) is positioned on one or both sides of the pad (160) in a direction facing the battery cell (110), thereby maintaining the cooling path while reducing the situation where moisture or refrigerant enters the venting path. By minimizing the application area of ​​the pouch (170) to the necessary parts, the complexity of the manufacturing process can be reduced and material costs can be lowered. At the same time, the thermal management performance of the battery cell (110) can be improved, and stable operation can be maintained by preventing an increase in internal humidity or contamination.

[0130] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pouch (170) may include a metal material. For example, if aluminum is applied to the pouch (170), moisture resistance and heat resistance are increased, thereby suppressing the penetration of refrigerant or moisture along the gas venting path. The pouch (170) containing aluminum may not cover the entire pad (160) so as not to obstruct the venting gas flow, but may be applied only to the upper or side facing the venting hole (131). Since the lower surface of the battery cell laminate (120) is entirely coated with resin, the lower penetration path does not require separate blocking measures, which can reduce the burden of the manufacturing process.

[0131] A pouch (170) containing a metal material is positioned within a suitable range to prevent moisture or refrigerant from penetrating deep into the pad (160), while ensuring that the gas venting function is not impaired. Thanks to the moisture resistance and heat resistance of aluminum, stable sealing is possible for a long period, and material costs can be reduced by not covering the entire unnecessary area. As a result, the temperature of the battery cell stack (120) can be effectively managed, and a safe structure can be provided in which the venting path and the cooling path are separated.

[0132] FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view showing the coupling relationship between the battery cell stack (120) and frame (130) of FIG. 4 and the housing (180). FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view showing a battery assembly (100) according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is an exploded perspective view showing the coupling relationship between the housing (180) and the end cover (190) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0133] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 17, a battery assembly (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention further includes a housing (180) in which a battery cell stack (120) and a frame (130) are housed, and a first opening (184) that overlaps at least a portion with a venting hole (131) may be provided in the housing (180).

[0134] The housing (180) according to the present embodiment may be made of high-strength metal or high-strength plastic to withstand external impacts on the battery and provide a cooling path. The housing (180) may form an integrated structure by combining an upper housing (182) and a lower housing (181). The upper housing (182) may include a housing venting hole (183) corresponding to a venting hole (131) to help gas be quickly discharged when internal pressure increases. The lower housing (181) may be firmly interlocked with the upper housing (182) to maintain the internal space protected from external impacts or moisture. The upper housing (182) and the lower housing (181) may be tightly joined using fastening members or an adhesive process, and may be separated to enhance convenience during inspection or maintenance.

[0135] The housing venting hole (183) can be configured to be positioned on the same axis as the venting hole (131) so that internal gas can escape in a straight path. The lower housing (181) is manufactured to support the upper housing (182) and provide support from below, thereby maintaining structural stability even when an external load is applied. A sealing material can be additionally applied to the inner surface of the upper housing (182) to ensure a balanced combination of gas discharge performance and sealing performance.

[0136] Meanwhile, the housing (180) according to the present embodiment may be provided with a first opening (184). The first opening (184) may overlap at least partially with the venting hole (131). By providing the first opening (184) in the housing (180) and configuring it to overlap at least partially with the venting hole (131), the pressure inside the battery assembly (100) can be efficiently relieved. Venting gas generated from the battery cells (110) can pass through the venting hole (131) of the frame (130) and the housing venting hole (183) of the housing (180) to be discharged to the outside of the battery assembly (100). This can provide a path through which high-temperature venting gas generated in a thermal runaway situation can be rapidly discharged to the outside without accumulating inside the housing (180). This structure can minimize the risk of explosion due to increased internal pressure and improve the stability of the battery system.

[0137] Additionally, the efficiency of the gas venting path can be increased by overlapping the first opening (184) and the venting hole (131). This can help shorten the gas venting time and restore the temperature balance inside the battery assembly (100) more quickly. In particular, the durability of the housing (180) is maintained and resistance to external shocks or vibrations can be increased by designing the periphery of the first opening (184) as a reinforced structure.

[0138] The battery cell stack (120) according to the present embodiment can be fixed inside the housing (180) and maintained stably. By stably fixing the battery cell stack (120) to the housing (180), positional variation of the battery cell (110) can be minimized. This protects the battery cell (110) from external shocks or vibrations, thereby preventing performance degradation of the battery assembly (100) and extending the lifespan of the battery cell (110). In addition, the fixing structure of the battery cell stack (120) is simple, which can reduce manufacturing costs and facilitate maintenance of the battery assembly (100).

[0139] For example, as described above, the first resin layer (122) may be in contact with the first surface (121) of the battery cell stack (120) and one surface of the frame (130), respectively, and the second resin layer (124) may be in contact with the second surface (123) of the battery cell stack (120) and the other surface of the frame (130), respectively. The battery cell stack (120) may be fixed to the frame (130) and stably maintained by the first resin layer (122) and the second resin layer (124). As described below, the battery assembly (100) according to the present embodiment may have the battery cells (110) directly cooled by a refrigerant. Therefore, a space is required for the refrigerant that directly cools the battery cells (110) to flow inside the housing (180). However, if the battery cells (110) are not fixed inside the housing (180) due to the space where the refrigerant flows, damage to the battery cells (110) may occur due to external impact or vibration. In this embodiment, the battery cell stack (120) can be fixed to the frame (130) by the first resin layer (122) and the second resin layer (124). Accordingly, the battery cells (110) can maintain their state even against external impact or vibration, thereby ensuring the structural safety of the battery assembly (100).

[0140] FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing an end cover (190) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0141] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 18, a housing (180) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a second opening (185) and a third opening (186) that are open in directions facing each other, and end covers (190) may be positioned at each of the second opening (185) and the third opening (186).

[0142] In particular, when comparing FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, in FIG. 15 the upper part of the housing (180) is not covered, so the first opening (184) may refer to the entire open upper part of the housing (180). That is, the first opening (184) may include the entire upper part of the housing (180).

[0143] On the other hand, as illustrated in FIG. 16, the housing (180) may include an upper housing (182). In this case, a first opening (184) may be provided in the upper housing (182). The upper housing (182) may be designed to cover the open upper portion of the housing (180) to protect internal components from the external environment, while allowing venting gas to be discharged to the outside through the housing venting hole (183). This structure can enhance the sealing of the housing (180) and establish a gas venting path to the outside.

[0144] End covers (190) located at the second opening (185) and the third opening (186) may be designed to protect components inside the housing (180) and provide sealing. The end covers (190) may be made of a highly durable metal (e.g., aluminum alloy) or a polymer material resistant to heat and chemical changes. Additionally, the end covers (190) may be in close contact with the outer surface of the housing (180) to prevent refrigerant or gas from leaking out. The end covers (190) may be designed to fit precisely to the edges of the openings of the housing (180) and may be secured by mechanical fastening means such as bolts, screws, or clamps.

[0145] By sealing the second opening (185) and the third opening (186) of the housing (180) by end covers (190), the structural stability and sealing of the battery assembly (100) can be improved. This configuration can prevent the refrigerant from leaking out or dust, moisture, etc. from the external environment from entering the housing (180), thereby increasing the reliability and lifespan of the battery assembly (100).

[0146] Additionally, by installing end covers (190) at the openings at both ends of the housing (180), assembly and maintenance of the battery assembly (100) can be facilitated. The end covers (190) can also be utilized as interfaces forming inlet / outlet for cooling fluid and gas venting paths, thereby increasing the thermal management efficiency of the entire system.

[0147] In this embodiment, the previously described inlet (140) and outlet (150) may be provided in the end covers (190). For example, as illustrated, the inlet (140) may be provided in one end cover (190) and the outlet (150) may be provided in another end cover (190). Additionally, although not specifically illustrated, as another example, both the inlet (140) and the outlet (150) may be provided in a single end cover (190). Also, although not specifically illustrated, as another example, at least one of the inlet (140) or the outlet (150) may be provided in the housing (180) rather than the end cover (190). That is, as long as the refrigerant can be circulated inside the housing (180), the inlet (140) and the outlet (150) may be provided in the battery assembly (100) without any specific location restrictions.

[0148] FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section cut along the cutting line B-B' of FIG. 3.

[0149] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 19, an end cover (190) according to one embodiment of the present invention may include: a main body portion (191) covering a second opening (185) or a third opening (186); and an extension portion (192) extending from the main body portion (191) and covering the outer surface of a housing (180).

[0150] The main body (191) according to the present embodiment is precisely designed to fit the edge of the opening of the housing (180) and can completely cover the opening (185, 186) of the housing (180). The main body (191) may be made of aluminum alloy, high-strength stainless steel, or a polymer material with excellent chemical resistance and heat resistance for durability and sealing. The main body (191) may be used with mechanical fastening means such as bolts or screws, or with high-strength adhesive, to be firmly fixed to the opening (185, 186) of the housing (180).

[0151] The extension part (192) extends outward from the main body part (191) and can cover a certain portion of the outer surface of the housing (180). The extension part (192) can serve to mitigate environmental effects such as shock, vibration, dust, and water from outside the housing (180).

[0152] By including the main body (191) and the extension (192) of the end cover (190), the openings (185, 186) of the housing (180) can be completely sealed while the protection function from the external environment can be enhanced. The main body (191) effectively covers the openings (185, 186) of the housing (180), thereby preventing the leakage of refrigerant and venting gas generated inside the battery assembly (100). Through this, the cooling path and the venting path of the venting gas can be stably maintained, thereby increasing the thermal management performance and safety of the battery system.

[0153] The extension (192) can reinforce the sealing performance of the housing (180) and block physical and chemical effects from the external environment by additionally covering the outer surface of the housing (180). In addition, a structure in which the extension (192) overlaps with the outer surface of the housing (180) can significantly improve the durability and stability of the battery assembly (100).

[0154] Referring again to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 19, a sealant (200) may be applied between the outer surface of the extension part (192) and the housing (180) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0155] The sealant (200) according to the present embodiment may be selected from a material having excellent chemical stability and heat resistance, for example, a silicone-based, polyurethane-based, or epoxy-based sealant (200) may be used. Such a material does not deform even in high temperature and high pressure environments and can maintain sealing performance even under repeated thermal cycles. The sealant (200) completely fills the space between the extension (192) and the outer surface of the housing (180) through a curing process after application, and can enhance the sealing performance of the entire structure of the housing (180).

[0156] The sealant (200) can be applied uniformly to a constant thickness using precision equipment, and the curing time after application can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the material used. The joint between the extension (192) and the housing (180) to which the sealant (200) is applied may be used with mechanical fastening means (e.g., bolts or clamps). Through a double sealing structure, stable sealing can be achieved even against external impact, vibration, or thermal expansion.

[0157] By applying a sealant (200) between the extension (192) and the outer surface of the housing (180), the internal components of the housing (180) and the external environment are blocked, thereby significantly improving the sealing performance of the battery assembly (100). Additionally, the sealant (200) prevents leakage of refrigerant and venting gas, and blocks external moisture, dust, and chemicals from entering the housing (180), thereby improving the reliability and durability of the battery assembly (100).

[0158] Additionally, the sealant (200) can reinforce structural stability by supplementing the mechanical connection between the housing (180) and the extension (192). That is, by ensuring that the housing (180) remains sealed even when exposed to external shocks, vibrations, thermal expansion, etc., the safety and durability of the battery assembly (100) can be secured in the long term.

[0159] FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a battery cell (110) and a foamed foam (220) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0160] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 20, a battery cell (110) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode lead (112), and a foamed foam (220) may be located at one end of the battery cell (110) in the direction in which the electrode lead (112) protrudes.

[0161] The electrode lead (112) serves to connect the internal electrode of the battery cell (110) with the external circuit, and the foam (220) may be provided to suppress the discharge of venting gas in the direction in which the electrode lead (112) protrudes. This reduces the situation in which gas ejected under high temperature and high pressure conditions causes direct thermal and physical shock to the area around the electrode lead (112). The foam (220) can fill the space around the electrode lead (112) to cause the gas generated inside the battery cell (110) to be guided in a different direction.

[0162] Specifically, if the foam (220) is placed in the direction in which the electrode lead (112) protrudes, the amount of gas leaking in the direction of the electrode lead (112) when a rapid gas discharge occurs in the battery cell (110) can be significantly reduced. Even if gas is generated instantaneously due to high temperature or external impact, the foam (220) can act as a buffer and contribute to improved safety. In addition, the foam (220) physically supports the periphery of the electrode lead (112), thereby mitigating situations where the electrode lead (112) is damaged or shaken by minute impacts that occur during the manufacturing process or operation. If the electrode lead (112) is contaminated or damaged, the performance of the battery cell (110) may deteriorate, but the foam (220) stably reinforces the periphery of the electrode lead (112), thereby increasing product reliability.

[0163] If the electrode lead (112) is prevented from escaping in the direction of protrusion, the gas can be discharged relatively safely through other paths of the battery cell (110). The foam (220) can be attached to or integrated with the battery cell (110) without any additional structure, which can be advantageous in terms of space utilization.

[0164] Specifically, the foam (220) uses a material with low thermal deformation, allowing it to maintain stable physical properties even with temperature changes occurring during repeated charging and discharging processes. The internal bubble structure disperses micro-vibrations or shocks to protect the electrode lead (112) and blocks and regulates gas venting paths, thereby reducing the situation where harmful substances generated during chemical reactions are randomly dispersed. This improves the lifespan and reliability of the battery cell (110) and facilitates a smooth response to thermal runaway or internal pressure rise. In other words, the foam (220) enhances the safety of the battery cell (110) without complicating the structure, making it useful for high-output, high-density energy systems.

[0165] Referring again to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 20, a foamed foam (220) according to one embodiment of the present invention can cover an electrode lead (112).

[0166] The foam (220) according to the present embodiment can cover the electrode lead (112) to prevent gas from being discharged in the direction of the electrode lead (112). Additionally, the foam (220) is positioned to surround the protruding area of ​​the electrode lead (112), thereby minimizing the situation where external impact or contaminants reach the electrode lead (112) directly. The foam (220) may have an appropriate thickness and elasticity so as to be in close contact with the electrode lead (112), and may be designed to prevent leakage or damage by including a uniformly processed surface treatment.

[0167] The foam (220) may include a polymer material that is relatively stable against thermal and chemical reactions. Even if the foam (220) is repeatedly deformed under various conditions, shrinkage or expansion is not concentrated in localized areas, so it can uniformly cover the electrode lead (112). By adjusting the arrangement of the foam (220) according to the shape of the area where the electrode lead (112) is located, the gas can be induced to be stably dispersed in different directions.

[0168] When the foam (220) covers the electrode lead (112), the gas discharge path can be actively controlled to improve internal safety. By blocking the area around the electrode lead (112), the rapid discharge of gas can be delayed or mitigated, thereby reducing damage to the entire system when thermal runaway or pressure rise occurs. Additionally, the porous structure of the foam (220) absorbs shock and vibration, protecting the electrode lead (112) from easy damage, and suppresses the adsorption of moisture or dust even during repeated use, thereby extending the maintenance cycle. Through this structure, the electrode lead (112) can operate stably for a long time, and high reliability and safety can be achieved.

[0169] FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a busbar frame assembly (210) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a plan view showing the busbar frame assembly (210) of FIG. 21. FIG. 23 is a plan view showing the relationship between the foam (220) of FIG. 20 and the busbar frame (212).

[0170] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 10 and FIGS. 12 to 23, the present invention further comprises a busbar frame assembly (210) including a busbar (211) electrically connected to an electrode lead (112) according to one embodiment of the present invention and a busbar frame (212) on which the busbar (211) is arranged, and a foamed foam (220) may come into contact with the busbar frame (212).

[0171] A busbar frame assembly (210) may be included on one side in the direction in which the electrode lead (112) protrudes from the battery cell stack (120). The busbar frame assembly (210) may include a busbar frame (212) on which busbars (211) are arranged. Additionally, the busbar frame assembly (210) may include at least one busbar (211) connected to the electrode lead (112). The busbar frame (212) is a member for preventing a short circuit from occurring when the electrode lead (112) and the busbar (211) come into contact with other parts of the battery cell (110), and may include an electrically insulating material. Specifically, at least one busbar (211) may be mounted on one side of the busbar frame (212), and the other side of the busbar frame (212) may face the battery cell stack (120). The electrode lead (112) can be connected to the busbar (211) after passing through a slit formed in the busbar frame (212).

[0172] According to the present embodiment, the electrode leads (112) connected to the electrode assembly protrude outside the pouch case, and the electrode leads (112) of each battery cell (110) can be electrically connected to each other via a busbar (211). The busbar (211) is configured to guide electrical connections between battery cells (110) within the battery assembly (100) or to guide electrical connections of the battery assembly (100), and it is sufficient to include a metal material with excellent electrical conductivity, and is not limited to its shape or material.

[0173] The foam (220) can contact a portion of the busbar frame (212) to suppress the situation in which venting gas is ejected toward the electrode lead (112). The area in contact with the busbar frame (212) is designed to block the path through which gas is intensively discharged, so that the foam (220) can control the gas ejection flow when a venting situation occurs. That is, the foam (220) can prevent or delay the movement of gas into gaps that may occur in the area in contact with the busbar frame (212), thereby helping to stably disperse internal pressure.

[0174] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a battery pack including a battery assembly (100) is provided.

[0175] One or more battery assemblies (100) according to the embodiment described above can be mounted together with various control and protection systems, such as a Battery Management System (BMS), a Battery Disconnect Unit (BDU), and a cooling system, to form a device.

[0176] The above battery assembly (100) can be applied to various devices. Specifically, it can be applied to means of transportation such as electric bicycles, electric vehicles, and hybrids, but is not limited thereto and can be applied to various devices capable of using secondary batteries.

[0177] In this embodiment, terms indicating directions such as front, back, left, right, up, and down have been used; however, these terms are for convenience of explanation only and may vary depending on the location of the object or the position of the observer.

[0178] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and improvements by those skilled in the art using the basic concept of the present invention as defined in the following claims also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0179] [Explanation of the symbol]

[0180] 100: Battery assembly

[0181] 110: Battery cell

[0182] 120: Battery cell stack

[0183] 121: Page 1

[0184] 122: 1st resin layer

[0185] 123: Page 2

[0186] 124: Second resin layer

[0187] 130: Frame

[0188] 131: Benting Hall

[0189] 140: Inlet

[0190] 150: Outlet

[0191] 160: Pad

[0192] 170: Pouch

[0193] 180: Housing

Claims

1. A battery cell stack comprising multiple stacked battery cells; A frame covering at least a portion of the battery cell stack and having a venting hole formed therein; an inlet and an outlet for circulating a refrigerant into the frame; and It includes at least one pad located between the battery cells or on the outside of the battery cell stack; A battery assembly in which a pouch encloses at least a portion of the outer surface of the pad.

2. In Paragraph 1, The above pouch is a battery assembly that covers one side of the pad according to the direction toward the venting hole of the frame.

3. In Paragraph 1, A battery assembly in which the refrigerant is not introduced into the region between the portion of the frame where the venting hole is located and the battery cell stack by means of the above pouch.

4. In Paragraph 1, A first resin layer is applied to the first surface of the battery cell laminate, and A battery assembly in which a second resin layer is applied to a second surface located opposite to the first surface of the battery cell laminate.

5. In Paragraph 4, The above pouch is a battery assembly that covers one side of the pad located on the second side of the battery cell laminate.

6. In Paragraph 4, A battery assembly in which one side of the pad located on the first surface of the battery cell stack is not covered by the pouch.

7. In Paragraph 4, A battery assembly in which the portion of the above frame where the venting hole is located covers the second surface of the battery cell stack.

8. In Paragraph 4, A battery assembly in which the second resin layer is applied while avoiding the portion corresponding to the venting hole.

9. In Paragraph 4, A battery assembly in which at least a portion of the second resin layer is applied along the edge of the second surface of the battery cell laminate.

10. In Paragraph 1, The above battery cell includes a sealing portion, and A battery assembly in which at least a portion of the sealing portion is positioned to face the venting hole.

11. In Paragraph 1, A battery assembly, wherein the pouch covers one or both sides of the pad according to the direction facing the battery cell among the pads.

12. In Paragraph 1, The above pouch is a battery assembly comprising a metal material.

13. In Paragraph 1, The above battery cell stack and the above frame are further included in a housing that accommodates them. A battery assembly having a first opening provided in the housing that overlaps at least a portion with the venting hole.

14. In Paragraph 13, The above housing includes a second opening and a third opening that are open in directions facing each other, and A battery assembly having end covers located at each of the second opening and the third opening.

15. In Paragraph 14, A battery assembly comprising: a main body portion covering the second opening or the third opening; and an extension portion extending from the main body portion and covering the outer surface of the housing.

16. In Paragraph 15, A battery assembly in which a sealant is applied between the extension and the outer surface of the housing.

17. In Paragraph 1, The above battery cell includes electrode leads, and A battery assembly having a foam located at one end of the battery cell in the direction in which the electrode lead protrudes.

18. In Paragraph 17, The above foam is a battery assembly covering the electrode lead.

19. In Paragraph 17, The busbar frame assembly further includes a busbar electrically connected to the electrode lead and a busbar frame on which the busbar is positioned. The above foam is a battery assembly that contacts the busbar frame.

20. A battery pack comprising a battery assembly according to paragraph 1.

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