Pack case having surface cooling plate and battery pack including same

Abstract

The disclosed pack case includes a pack tray including a main cooling flow path in a base plate and / or a lid, and a surface cooling plate connected to the main cooling flow path, wherein the surface cooling plate includes a fusible plug configured to block an inlet and / or an outlet for the main cooling flow path.

Description

Pack case having a surface cooling plate and battery pack including the same

[0001] The present invention relates to a pack case and a battery pack equipped with a surface cooling plate that operates in response to a thermal event occurring within the pack.

[0002] This application claims the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0039988 filed on March 28, 2025, and all contents disclosed in the document of said Korean patent application are incorporated herein as part of this specification.

[0003] Unlike primary batteries, secondary batteries are rechargeable and are currently the subject of extensive research and development due to their potential for miniaturization and high capacity. The demand for secondary batteries as an energy source is increasing rapidly due to the growing technological development and demand for mobile devices, as well as the rise of electric vehicles and energy storage systems driven by the contemporary need for environmental protection.

[0004] Rechargeable batteries are classified into coin batteries, cylindrical batteries, prismatic batteries, and pouch batteries according to the shape of the battery case. In rechargeable batteries, the electrode assembly mounted inside the battery case is a power generation device capable of charging and discharging, consisting of a laminated structure of electrodes and separators.

[0005] Since secondary batteries require continuous use over long periods, it is necessary to effectively control the heat generated during the charging and discharging process. If the cooling of the secondary battery is not performed smoothly, a positive feedback chain reaction occurs where the temperature rise causes an increase in current, and this increase in current again causes a temperature rise, eventually leading to a catastrophic state of thermal runaway.

[0006] In addition, when secondary batteries are grouped in the form of blocks, modules, or packs, a thermal propagation phenomenon occurs in which surrounding secondary batteries are continuously overheated due to thermal runaway in one secondary battery. That is, when thermal runaway occurs in a battery module within a battery pack, a large amount of conductive dust, gas, and flames are ejected from the high-voltage terminal of the battery module, and consequently, dust accumulates on the high-voltage terminal of an adjacent battery module, and the thermal propagation phenomenon is triggered by heat transfer from the gas and flames.

[0007] Various cooling structures for battery packs are being developed to effectively prevent thermal events. For example, battery pack cooling structures include bottom cooling, top cooling, and surface cooling. Top and bottom cooling cool the battery cells through the upper and lower surfaces of the pack case, respectively, while surface cooling involves placing cooling plates between the battery cells.

[0008] Surface cooling has the advantage of providing a sufficient cooling area compared to top cooling and bottom cooling, but while its cooling performance is excellent, it can unnecessarily overcool battery cells during normal operating conditions. Overcooling of battery cells can reduce the efficiency of electrical systems employing the battery pack.

[0009] In addition, since surface cooling requires that at least one side of the battery cell be in contact with the surface cooling plate, at least one surface cooling plate must be installed for every two battery cells. This has the disadvantage of increasing costs and reducing volume efficiency.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pack case with a hybrid cooling structure capable of effectively responding to thermal events and solving the disadvantages of conventional surface cooling structures, and a battery pack including the same.

[0011] However, the technical problems that the present invention aims to solve are not limited to those described above, and other unmentioned problems will be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art from the description of the invention below.

[0012] The present invention relates to a pack case comprising a pack tray having a main cooling channel in a base plate and / or a lid, and a surface cooling plate connected to the main cooling channel, wherein the surface cooling plate comprises a meltable plug that blocks an inlet and / or outlet to the main cooling channel.

[0013] In one embodiment, the surface cooling plate may include a hollow inlet pipe and an outlet pipe communicating with the main cooling channel, a cooling plate that interconnects the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to form a surface cooling channel, and a meltable plug that blocks the inlet of the inlet pipe and / or the outlet of the outlet pipe.

[0014] The above-mentioned meltable plug is melted by a temperature rise caused by a thermal event occurring in the battery cell mounted in the pack case.

[0015] In one embodiment, the meltable plug may be partially melted in a temperature range of 100±10℃ so that the inlet and / or outlet of the surface cooling plate for the main cooling channel may be opened.

[0016] In one embodiment, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe have both ends open, and the open ends can communicate with the main cooling channel and the cooling plate, respectively.

[0017] In another embodiment, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are open at one end and closed at the other end, the open end is in communication with the main cooling channel, and the sides of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe may be in communication with the cooling plate.

[0018] The surface cooling channel of the above cooling plate may include a plurality of unit cooling channels that allow the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to communicate with each other in parallel.

[0019] The surface cooling channel of the above cooling plate can form a meandering channel shape that allows the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe to communicate with each other.

[0020] The above cooling plate may be equipped with a turbulator in the surface cooling channel.

[0021] The present invention may provide a battery pack comprising a pack case having the above configuration and a plurality of battery cells mounted in the pack case, wherein the surface cooling plate is disposed between the plurality of battery cells.

[0022] The above surface cooling plates may be arranged in a number less than half of the total number of the plurality of battery cells.

[0023] In the battery pack of the present invention, during normal operation, the plurality of battery cells are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel provided in the base plate and / or lead, and when a thermal event occurs, the plurality of battery cells are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel provided in the base plate and / or lead and a surface cooling plate.

[0024] In the cooling structure of the pack case having the above configuration, during normal operation, the plurality of battery cells are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel provided in the base plate and / or lid, and when a thermal event occurs, the plurality of battery cells are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel provided in the base plate and / or lid and a surface cooling plate.

[0025] Therefore, since cooling of the surface cooling plate occurs only when a thermal event occurs, there is no problem of the battery cells being unnecessarily overcooled during normal operating conditions.

[0026] Furthermore, because it is a hybrid cooling structure combining top and / or bottom cooling with surface cooling, the number of surface cooling plates can be provided in a small number, less than half of the total number of battery cells. This resolves the issues of increased cost and reduced volume associated with surface cooling structures.

[0027] In addition, when a thermal event occurs, the cooling plate through which the refrigerant flows acts as a kind of thermal barrier, thereby effectively suppressing the phenomenon of heat propagation inside the battery pack.

[0028] However, the technical effects obtainable through the present invention are not limited to those described above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art from the description of the invention below.

[0029] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and serve to further enhance understanding of the technical concept of the present invention together with the detailed description of the invention provided below; therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited only to the matters described in such drawings.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a drawing of a pack case according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a surface cooling plate connected to the main cooling channel of a base plate.

[0032] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating an embodiment in which a plurality of battery cells are mounted in a pack case.

[0033] FIG. 4 is a drawing illustrating an embodiment in which a surface cooling plate is placed between a plurality of battery cells.

[0034] FIG. 5 is a drawing illustrating the cooling structure of a battery pack provided by the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 6 is a drawing illustrating another embodiment of a surface cooling plate.

[0036] FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating one embodiment of a surface cooling channel formed in a cooling plate.

[0037] FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating another embodiment of a surface cooling channel formed in a cooling plate.

[0038] FIG. 9 is a drawing illustrating another embodiment of a surface cooling channel formed in a cooling plate.

[0039] The present invention is capable of various modifications and may have various embodiments, and specific embodiments are to be described in detail below.

[0040] However, this is not intended to limit the invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that it includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0041] In the present invention, terms such as "comprising" or "having" are intended to specify the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and should be understood as not excluding in advance the existence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0042] Furthermore, in the present invention, when a part such as a layer, film, region, or plate is described as being "on" another part, this includes not only cases where it is "immediately above" the other part, but also cases where there is another part in between. Conversely, when a part such as a layer, film, region, or plate is described as being "under" another part, this includes not only cases where it is "immediately below" the other part, but also cases where there is another part in between. Additionally, in the present application, being "placed on" may include cases where it is placed on the lower part as well as on the upper part.

[0043]

[0044] The present invention relates to a pack case comprising a pack tray having a main cooling channel in a base plate and / or a lid, and a surface cooling plate connected to the main cooling channel, wherein the surface cooling plate comprises a meltable plug that blocks an inlet and / or outlet to the main cooling channel.

[0045] In the cooling structure of the pack case having the above configuration, during normal operation, the plurality of battery cells are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel provided in the base plate and / or lid, and when a thermal event occurs, the plurality of battery cells are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel provided in the base plate and / or lid and a surface cooling plate.

[0046] Therefore, since cooling of the surface cooling plate occurs only when a thermal event occurs, there is no problem of the battery cells being unnecessarily overcooled during normal operating conditions.

[0047] Furthermore, because it is a hybrid cooling structure combining top and / or bottom cooling with surface cooling, the number of surface cooling plates can be provided in a small number, less than half of the total number of battery cells. This resolves the issues of increased cost and reduced volume associated with surface cooling structures.

[0048] In addition, when a thermal event occurs, the cooling plate through which the refrigerant flows acts as a kind of thermal barrier, thereby effectively suppressing the phenomenon of heat propagation inside the battery pack.

[0049] Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the pack case (100) according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. For reference, the directions of front, back, up, down, left, and right used to specify relative positions in the following description are intended to aid in understanding the invention, and unless otherwise specifically defined, the directions shown in the drawings are used as the reference.

[0050]

[0051] [First embodiment]

[0052] FIG. 1 is a drawing of a pack case (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The pack case (100) provided by the present invention includes a pack tray (110) having a main cooling channel (113) in a base plate (112) and / or a lid (114), and a surface cooling plate (120) connected to the main cooling channel (113). The pack case (100) exemplarily illustrated in the attached drawings corresponds to a pack case (100) of a lower cooling structure having a main cooling channel (113) in a base plate (112).

[0053] In the case of an upper cooling structure, a main cooling channel (113) is provided within a lid (114) covering the upper surface of the pack tray (110) instead of a base plate (112). The lower cooling structure and the upper cooling structure differ in the position where the main cooling channel (113) is placed at the bottom or top of the pack tray (110), but the basic cooling structure is similar. Therefore, even if the pack tray (110) of the upper cooling structure is not separately illustrated, a person skilled in the art will be able to clearly understand its technical configuration. Furthermore, pack trays (110) of lower and upper cooling structures that are not illustrated are also naturally possible.

[0054] The pack case (100) of the present invention may be described as a type of hybrid cooling structure in which a lower and / or upper cooling structure, in which a main cooling channel (113) is provided in a base plate (112) and / or lid (114), and a surface cooling structure by a surface cooling plate (120) connected to the main cooling channel (113) are combined. However, the surface cooling plate (120) includes a meltable plug (130) that blocks the inlet and / or outlet for the main cooling channel (113), thereby the surface cooling plate (120) has the function of emergency cooling rather than normal cooling. The cooling function of the surface cooling plate (120) will be explained in detail below.

[0055] FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a surface cooling plate (120) connected to the main cooling channel (113) of a base plate (112). The surface cooling plate (120) of the illustrated embodiment includes a pair of hollow pipes, a cooling plate (124), and a meltable plug (130). A hollow inlet pipe (122) and an outlet pipe (123) communicating with the main cooling channel (113) each form an inlet and an outlet of the surface cooling plate (120) to the main cooling channel (113). That is, the refrigerant flowing through the main cooling channel (113) flows into the surface cooling plate (120) through the inlet pipe (122), and the refrigerant flowing inside the surface cooling plate (120) flows out to the main cooling channel (113) through the outlet pipe. And, for the flow of refrigerant, a surface cooling channel (125) is formed inside the cooling plate (124) connected to the inlet pipe (122) and the outlet pipe (123).

[0056] Here, the inlet of the inlet pipe (122) and / or the outlet of the outlet pipe (123) are blocked by a melting plug (130). That is, at least one of the inlet of the inlet pipe (122) and the outlet of the outlet pipe (123) is blocked by a melting plug (130). The melting plug (130) melts due to a temperature rise caused by a thermal event occurring in the battery cell (212) mounted in the pack case (100). Conversely, in a temperature range relatively lower than when the thermal event occurs, where the battery cell (212) mounted in the pack case (100) is operating normally, the melting plug (130) blocks the inlet of the inlet pipe (122) and / or the outlet of the outlet pipe (123).

[0057] In one embodiment, the meltable plug (130) may be partially melted in a temperature range of 100 ± 10°C, thereby opening the inlet and / or outlet of the surface cooling plate (120) to the main cooling channel (113). The meltable plug (130) may be made of a material such as a low-melting point resin or paraffin. Alternatively, the meltable plug (130) may be made of a shape memory alloy material that performs the same function even if it is not meltable. In this regard, the meltable plug (130) can be broadly interpreted as a plug having the characteristic of maintaining its shape and being waterproof (refrigerant impermeable) under normal conditions, but opening the inlet and / or outlet of the surface cooling plate (120) to the main cooling channel (113) when the set temperature is exceeded. While the melting plug (130) is maintained, the refrigerant flowing through the main cooling channel (113) cannot flow through the cotton cooling plate (120), and only when the melting plug (130) melts at least partially and leads to the passages of the inlet and outlet can the refrigerant of the main cooling channel (113) flow into and out of the cotton cooling plate (120).

[0058] FIG. 3 is a drawing illustrating an embodiment in which a plurality of battery cells (212) are mounted in a pack case (100). The pack case (100) is provided with a pack tray (110) and a surface cooling plate (120), and the pack tray (110) includes a base plate (112) forming a bottom surface and a lid (114) forming an upper cover. As described above, a main cooling channel (113) is provided in the base plate (112) and / or the lid (114). The pack tray (110) is provided with a plurality of partition members (116). The partition members (116) are coupled along the edges of the pack tray (110) to separate the internal receiving space of the pack tray (110) from the outside. Additionally, if necessary, the partition members (116) can be coupled to divide the internal receiving space vertically and / or horizontally. The bulkhead member (116) combined inside the pack tray (110) also serves to reinforce the rigidity of the pack tray (110).

[0059] A battery pack (200) is formed by mounting a plurality of battery cells (212) on such a pack tray (110). The battery cells (212) can be mounted on the pack tray (110) as a unit connected by structures. This unit of multiple battery cells (212) may be referred to as a battery assembly (210), or by various other names such as a battery unit, battery module, battery block, cell assembly, or cell unit.

[0060] The surface cooling plate (120) is connected to form an inlet and an outlet to the main cooling channel (113) provided in the base plate (112) and / or lid (114). The surface cooling plate (120) connected to the main cooling channel (113) structurally forms part of the pack case (100) and can be mounted on the pack tray (110) together with the plurality of battery cells (212) in a state sandwiched between the plurality of battery cells (212). FIG. 4 is a drawing illustrating an embodiment in which the surface cooling plate (120) is placed between the plurality of battery cells (212), and as in the illustrated embodiment, the plurality of battery cells (212) and the surface cooling plate (120) can be assembled first and then mounted as a single unit on the pack tray (110).

[0061] The surface cooling plates (120) can be arranged in a number less than half of the total number of battery cells (212). Conventional surface cooling requires that at least one surface of the battery cell be in contact with the surface cooling plate, so one surface cooling plate must be installed for every two battery cells, and accordingly, surface cooling plates corresponding to half of the total number of battery cells are required. This results in the disadvantage of increasing the cost of the battery pack (200) and reducing the volume. In contrast, the pack case (100) and battery pack (200) provided by the present invention are a hybrid cooling structure in which upper and / or lower cooling and surface cooling are combined, so there is no problem with cooling the battery cells (212) even if the number of surface cooling plates (120) is provided in a small number less than half of the total number of battery cells (212). This resolves the problem of increased cost and reduced volume associated with the surface cooling structure.

[0062] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the cooling structure of a battery pack (200) provided by the present invention. During normal operation of the battery pack (200) of the present invention as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the bottom and / or top surfaces of a plurality of battery cells (212) are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel (113) provided in a base plate (112) and / or a lid (114). However, since the inlet of the inlet pipe (122) and / or the outlet of the outlet pipe (123) of the surface cooling plate (120) are blocked by a meltable plug (130), the refrigerant in the main cooling channel (113) cannot flow, and thus the cooling action of the surface cooling plate (120) does not occur.

[0063] On the other hand, when a thermal event occurs as illustrated in FIG. 5(b), at least a portion of the meltable plug (130) is melted by the temperature rise inside the pack, thereby causing the refrigerant of the main cooling channel (113) to flow through the surface cooling plate (120). Accordingly, the side of some battery cells (212), along with the bottom and / or top surfaces of the plurality of battery cells (212), is cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the surface cooling plate (120) as well as the main cooling channel (113) provided in the base plate (112) and / or lid (114).

[0064] As such, according to the pack case (100) and battery pack provided by the present invention, since cooling of the surface cooling plate (120) occurs only when a thermal event occurs, there is no problem of the battery cell (212) being excessively cooled unnecessarily during normal operating conditions. In addition, when a thermal event occurs, the cooling of the surface cooling plate (120) is also handled, thereby effectively suppressing overheating of the battery cell (212), and the cooling plate (124) through which the refrigerant flows acts as a kind of thermal barrier, thereby effectively suppressing the phenomenon of heat propagation inside the battery pack (200).

[0065]

[0066] [Second embodiment]

[0067] In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the inlet pipe (122) and the outlet pipe (123) have both ends open, and the open ends of each pipe are connected to the main cooling channel (113) and the cooling plate (124), respectively.

[0068] FIG. 6 is a drawing illustrating another embodiment of a surface cooling plate (120). In the other embodiment of FIG. 6, the inlet pipe (122) and the outlet pipe (123) are open at one end and closed at the other end. The open end of each pipe is connected to the main cooling channel (113), and the sides of the inlet pipe (122) and the outlet pipe (123) are connected to the cooling plate (124). Since the cooling plate (124) is connected through the sides of the inlet pipe (122) and the outlet pipe (123), it may be advantageous to ensure sufficient size (height) of the cooling plate (124).

[0069]

[0070] [Third Embodiment]

[0071] The interior of the cooling plate (124) may form a single space without any structures, but some additional structures may be added to improve cooling efficiency.

[0072] FIG. 7 is a drawing illustrating an embodiment of a surface cooling channel (125) formed in a cooling plate (124). In the embodiment of FIG. 7, the surface cooling channel (125) of the cooling plate (124) includes a plurality of unit cooling channels (126) that communicate with each other in parallel with an inlet pipe (122) and an outlet pipe (123). That is, within the cooling plate (124) that communicates through the sides of the inlet pipe (122) and the outlet pipe (123), a plurality of unit cooling channels (126) are formed side by side in a direction from the inlet pipe (122) toward the outlet pipe (123). Since the refrigerant is branched through the plurality of unit cooling channels (126) and flows at a relatively uniform flow rate, cooling action can occur over the entire surface area of ​​the surface cooling plate (120).

[0073] FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating another embodiment of a surface cooling channel (125) formed in a cooling plate (124). In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the surface cooling channel (125) of the cooling plate (124) forms a meandering channel (127) that communicates with the inlet pipe (122) and the outlet pipe (123). FIG. 8 (a) illustrates an example in which a single surface cooling channel (125) forms a meandering channel (127), and FIG. 8 (b) illustrates an example in which a plurality of unit cooling channels (126) are superimposed side by side to form a meandering channel (127). By forming the surface cooling channel (125) into a meandering channel (127), the flow path of the refrigerant entering through the inlet pipe (122) and exiting through the outlet pipe (123) is extended, and by securing a sufficient heat transfer time, the cooling efficiency can be improved.

[0074] FIG. 9 is a drawing illustrating another embodiment of a surface cooling channel (125) formed in a cooling plate (124). In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the cooling plate (124) may be provided with a turbulator (128) in the surface cooling channel (125). The surface cooling channel (125) may form a single space without any structures, or it may form the shape of the surface cooling channel (125) of FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in which a turbulator (128) is provided in the path through which the refrigerant flows. The turbulator (128) refers to a structure that promotes the generation of turbulence in the refrigerant flow, and the exemplary turbulator (128) in FIG. 9 is illustrated as a rhombus-shaped protrusion. However, the turbulator (128) may have various shapes and structures and is not limited to the illustrated form. When turbulence is generated in the refrigerant flow by the turbulator (128), heat transfer is promoted to that extent, and the cooling efficiency of the surface cooling plate (120) can be improved.

[0075]

[0076] The present invention has been described in more detail above through drawings and embodiments. However, the configurations described in the drawings or embodiments described in this specification are merely one embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all technical concepts of the present invention; therefore, it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications that can replace them may exist at the time of filing this application.

[0077] [Explanation of the symbol]

[0078] 100: Pack Case

[0079] 110: Pack Tray

[0080] 112: Base Plate

[0081] 113: Main cooling channel

[0082] 114: Lead

[0083] 116: Bulkhead member

[0084] 120: Cotton cooling plate

[0085] 122: Inlet pipe

[0086] 123: Outlet pipe

[0087] 124: Cooling plate

[0088] 125: Cotton cooling channel

[0089] 126: Unit cooling channel

[0090] 127: Saengyuro

[0091] 128: Turbulator

[0092] 130: Fusible plug

[0093] 200: Battery pack

[0094] 210: Battery Assembly

[0095] 212: Battery cell

Claims

1. A pack tray having a main cooling channel in the base plate and / or lid; and Surface cooling plate connected to the above main cooling channel; Includes, The above surface cooling plate is a pack case comprising a meltable plug that blocks an inlet and / or outlet to the main cooling channel.

2. In Paragraph 1, The above surface cooling plate is, A hollow inlet pipe and an outlet pipe communicating with the above main cooling channel, and A cooling plate that interconnects the inlet pipe and outlet pipe to form a surface cooling channel, and A pack case comprising the meltable plug that blocks the inlet of the inlet pipe and / or the outlet of the outlet pipe.

3. In Paragraph 1, The above-mentioned meltable plug is, A pack case that melts due to a temperature rise caused by a thermal event in a battery cell mounted in the pack case.

4. In Paragraph 3, The above-mentioned meltable plug is, A pack case in which at least a portion is melted in a temperature range of 100±10℃, so that the inlet and / or outlet of the surface cooling plate for the main cooling channel is opened.

5. In Paragraph 2, The above inlet pipe and outlet pipe have both ends open, and A pack case in which the two open ends are respectively connected to the main cooling channel and the cooling plate.

6. In Paragraph 2, The above inlet pipe and outlet pipe are open at one end and closed at the other end, The above-mentioned open end is connected to the above-mentioned main cooling channel, and A pack case in which the sides of the inlet pipe and outlet pipe communicate with the cooling plate.

7. In Paragraph 2, As for the surface cooling channel of the above cooling plate, A pack case comprising a plurality of unit cooling channels that allow the inlet pipe and outlet pipe to communicate in parallel.

8. In Paragraph 2, As for the surface cooling channel of the above cooling plate, A pack case forming a meandering channel shape that allows the inlet pipe and outlet pipe above to communicate with each other.

9. In Paragraph 2, The above cooling plate is, A pack case having a turbulator in the above-mentioned surface cooling channel.

10. A pack case according to any one of paragraphs 1 through 9; and A plurality of battery cells mounted in the above pack case; Includes, The above surface cooling plate is a battery pack disposed between the plurality of battery cells.

11. In Paragraph 10, The above surface cooling plate is, A battery pack having a number of less than half of the total number of the aforementioned plurality of battery cells.

12. In Paragraph 10, During normal operation, the plurality of battery cells are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel provided in the base plate and / or lead, and A battery pack in which, when a thermal event occurs, the plurality of battery cells are cooled by a refrigerant flowing through a main cooling channel provided in the base plate and / or lead and the surface cooling plate.

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