MG–based measurement method

Abstract

A disclosure of the present disclosure provides a method comprising the steps in which: a user equipment (UE) receives a synchronization signal block (SSB)-related configuration message, wherein the SSB-related configuration message includes a configuration of SSB adaptation or a configuration and indication of an ondemand-SSB (OD-SSB); the UE receives a measurement gap (MG) configuration; and the MG configuration is based on the configuration of SSB adaptation or the configuration of the OD-SSB, and the UE performs SSB measurement on the basis of the MG configuration.

Description

MG-based measurement method

[0001] This specification relates to mobile communication.

[0002] 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) LTE (long-term evolution) is a technology designed to enable high-speed packet communication. Many methods have been proposed to achieve LTE goals, such as reducing costs for users and operators, improving service quality, expanding coverage, and increasing system capacity. As high-level requirements, 3GPP LTE demands reduced cost per bit, improved service availability, flexible use of frequency bands, a simple structure, open interfaces, and appropriate power consumption of terminals.

[0003] Work has begun at the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) and 3GPP to develop requirements and specifications for new radio (NR) systems. 3GPP must identify and develop the technical components necessary to successfully standardize NR in a timely manner, satisfying both urgent market demands and the longer-term requirements presented by the ITU-R (ITU Radio Communication Sector) IMT (International Mobile Telecommunications)-2020 process. Furthermore, NR must be able to utilize any spectrum band up to at least 100 GHz so that it can be used for wireless communication even in the distant future.

[0004] NR targets a single technical framework that covers all deployment scenarios, usage scenarios, and requirements, including eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband), mMTC (massive machine type communications), and URLLC (ultra-reliable and low latency communications). NR must inherently be forward compatible.

[0005] The terminal receives the settings for the MG and performs the measurement.

[0006] FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication system to which the implementation of the present specification is applied.

[0007] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless device to which the implementation of the present specification applies.

[0008] FIG. 3 shows an example of a UE to which the implementation of the present specification applies.

[0009] Figure 4 shows an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system.

[0010] Figure 5 shows an example of an electromagnetic spectrum.

[0011] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a subframe type in NR.

[0012] Figure 7 shows an example of SSB in NR.

[0013] Figure 8 shows an example of beam sweeping in NR.

[0014] Figure 9 shows an example of an OD-SSB scenario.

[0015] Figure 10 shows an example of a scenario for SSB adjustment.

[0016] Figure 11 shows an example of a case where an SSB is used outside the active bandwidth.

[0017] FIG. 12 shows an example where SSB adjustment is indicated in a gapd intra-frequency measurement according to the disclosure of this specification.

[0018] FIG. 13 shows an example of MG adjustment according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0019] FIG. 14 shows an example of an autonomous MG according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0020] FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a first method of an autonomous MG according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0021] FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a second method of an autonomous MG according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0022] FIG. 17 shows a first example of an MG list according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0023] FIG. 18 shows a second example of an MG list according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0024] FIG. 19 illustrates an example of dynamic activation and deactivation of MG according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0025] FIG. 20 illustrates a first example of an activation and deactivation instruction according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0026] FIG. 21 illustrates a second example of an activation and deactivation instruction according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0027] FIG. 22 illustrates the procedure of the UE for the disclosure of the present specification.

[0028] FIG. 23 illustrates the procedure of a network for the disclosure of the present specification.

[0029] The following techniques, devices, and systems may be applied to various wireless multiple access systems. Examples of multiple access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and multicarrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems. CDMA may be implemented through wireless technologies such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA may be implemented through wireless technologies such as global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), or enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented through wireless technologies such as IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, or E-UTRA (evolved UTRA). UTRA is part of UMTS (universal mobile telecommunications system). 3GPP (3rd generation partnership project) LTE (long-term evolution) is part of E-UMTS (evolved UMTS) using E-UTRA.3GPP LTE uses OFDMA in the downlink (DL) and SC-FDMA in the uplink (UL). Evolutions of 3GPP LTE include LTE-A (advanced), LTE-A Pro, and / or 5G NR (new radio).

[0030] For convenience of explanation, the implementation of this specification is described primarily in relation to 3GPP-based wireless communication systems. However, the technical characteristics of this specification are not limited thereto. For example, the following detailed description is provided based on a mobile communication system corresponding to a 3GPP-based wireless communication system, but aspects of this specification that are not limited to 3GPP-based wireless communication systems may be applied to other mobile communication systems.

[0031] For terms and technologies used in this specification that are not specifically described, reference may be made to wireless communication standard documents published prior to this specification.

[0032] In this specification, “A or B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Alternatively, in this specification, “A or B” may be interpreted as “A and / or B.” For example, in this specification, “A, B or C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.”

[0033] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean “and / or.” For example, “A / B” may mean “A and / or B.” Accordingly, “A / B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” For example, “A, B, C” may mean “A, B, or C.”

[0034] In this specification, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A,” “only B,” or “both A and B.” Additionally, in this specification, the expressions “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted as synonymous with “at least one of A and B.”

[0035] Additionally, in this specification, “at least one of A, B and C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B and C.” Furthermore, “at least one of A, B or C” or “at least one of A, B and / or C” may mean “at least one of A, B and C.”

[0036] Additionally, parentheses used in this specification may mean “for example.” Specifically, when indicated as “Control Information (PDCCH),” “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “Control Information.” In other words, “Control Information” in this specification is not limited to “PDCCH,” and “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “Control Information.” Furthermore, even when indicated as “Control Information (i.e., PDCCH),” “PDCCH” may be proposed as an example of “Control Information.”

[0037] Technical features described individually within a single drawing in this specification may be implemented individually or simultaneously.

[0038] Although not limited thereto, the various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this specification may be applied to various fields where wireless communication and / or connectivity between devices (e.g., 5G) is required.

[0039] The present specification will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings and / or description, the same reference numerals may refer to the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks, and / or function blocks unless otherwise indicated.

[0040] FIG. 1 shows an example of a communication system to which the implementation of the present specification is applied.

[0041] The 5G usage scenario shown in FIG. 1 is merely an example, and the technical features of this specification may be applied to other 5G usage scenarios not shown in FIG. 1.

[0042] The three main requirements categories for 5G are (1) enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) category, (2) massive machine type communication (mMTC) category, and (3) ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) category.

[0043] Referring to FIG. 1, the communication system (1) includes wireless devices (100a to 100f), a base station (BS; 200), and a network (300). FIG. 1 illustrates a 5G network as an example of the network of the communication system (1), but the implementation of the present specification is not limited to a 5G system and may be applied to future communication systems beyond a 5G system.

[0044] The base station (200) and the network (300) can be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device can operate as a base station / network node in relation to another wireless device.

[0045] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) represent devices that perform communication using radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G NR or LTE) and may also be referred to as communication / wireless / 5G devices. Wireless devices (100a to 100f) may include, but are not limited to, robots (100a), vehicles (100b-1 and 100b-2), extended reality (XR) devices (100c), portable devices (100d), home appliances (100e), IoT devices (100f), and artificial intelligence (AI) devices / servers (400). For example, vehicles may include vehicles with wireless communication capabilities, autonomous vehicles, and vehicles capable of performing communication between vehicles. Vehicles may include unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) (e.g., drones). XR devices may include AR / VR / mixed reality (MR) devices and may be implemented in the form of head-mounted devices (HMDs) and head-up displays (HUDs) mounted on vehicles, televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signs, vehicles, robots, etc. Portable devices may include smartphones, smart pads, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters.

[0046] In this specification, wireless devices (100a to 100f) may be referred to as user equipment (UE). The UE may include, for example, a mobile phone, a smartphone, a laptop computer, a digital broadcasting terminal, a PDA (personal digital assistant), a PMP (portable multimedia player), a navigation system, a slate PC, a tablet PC, an ultrabook, a vehicle, a vehicle with autonomous driving capabilities, a connected car, a UAV, an AI module, a robot, an AR device, a VR device, an MR device, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, an IoT device, a medical device, a fintech device (or financial device), a security device, a weather / environment device, a 5G service-related device, or a device related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

[0047] For example, a UAV can be an aircraft that is not on board and is navigated by radio control signals.

[0048] For example, a VR device may include a device for implementing objects or backgrounds in a virtual environment. For example, an AR device may include a device that implements objects or backgrounds in a virtual world by connecting them to objects or backgrounds in a real world. For example, an MR device may include a device that implements objects or backgrounds in a virtual world by merging them with objects or backgrounds in a real world. For example, a holographic device may include a device for implementing a 360-degree stereoscopic image by recording and playing back stereoscopic information using the phenomenon of light interference that occurs when two laser lights called holograms meet.

[0049] For example, a public safety device may include an image relay device or an image device that can be worn on a user's body.

[0050] For example, MTC devices and IoT devices may be devices that do not require direct human intervention or operation. For instance, MTC devices and IoT devices may include smart meters, vending machines, thermometers, smart light bulbs, door locks, or various sensors.

[0051] For example, a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of diagnosing, treating, alleviating, curing, or preventing a disease. For example, a medical device may be a device used to diagnose, treat, alleviate, or correct an injury or damage. For example, a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of examining, replacing, or modifying a structure or function. For example, a medical device may be a device used for the purpose of regulating pregnancy. For example, a medical device may include a therapeutic device, a driving device, a (in vitro) diagnostic device, a hearing aid, or a surgical device.

[0052] For example, a security device may be a device installed to prevent potential risks and maintain safety. For example, a security device may be a camera, closed-circuit TV (CCTV), a recorder, or a black box.

[0053] For example, a fintech device may be a device capable of providing financial services such as mobile payments. For example, a fintech device may include a payment device or a POS system.

[0054] For example, a weather / environment device may include a device for monitoring or predicting the weather / environment.

[0055] Wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to a network (300) through a base station (200). AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices (100a to 100f), and the wireless devices (100a to 100f) can be connected to an AI server (400) through the network (300). The network (300) can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, a 5G (e.g., NR) network, and a network after 5G. The wireless devices (100a to 100f) may communicate with each other through the base station (200) / network (300), but they may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station (200) / network (300). For example, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2) can communicate directly (e.g., V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) / V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication). Also, IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices (100a to 100f).

[0056] Wireless communication / connections (150a, 150b, 150c) can be established between wireless devices (100a to 100f) and / or between wireless devices (100a to 100f) and base station (200) and / or between base station (200). Here, the wireless communication / connections can be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication (150a), sidelink communication (150b) (or D2D (device-to-device) communication), and communication between base stations (150c) (e.g., relay, IAB (integrated access and backhaul)). Through the wireless communication / connections (150a, 150b, 150c), wireless devices (100a to 100f) and base station (200) can transmit / receive wireless signals to / from each other. For example, wireless communication / connection (150a, 150b, 150c) may transmit / receive signals through various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals in this specification, at least some of the following may be performed: a process for setting various configuration information for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, a process for various signal processing (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / demapping, etc.), and a resource allocation process.

[0057] AI refers to the field of researching artificial intelligence or the methodologies to create it, while machine learning refers to the field of researching methodologies to define and solve various problems within the realm of artificial intelligence. Machine learning is also defined as an algorithm that improves performance on a task through continuous experience.

[0058] A robot can refer to a machine that automatically processes or operates given tasks based on its own capabilities. In particular, a robot equipped with the ability to perceive its environment, make independent judgments, and perform actions can be called an intelligent robot. Robots can be classified into industrial, medical, domestic, and military types depending on their purpose or field of use. Robots are equipped with drive units, including actuators or motors, to perform various physical movements, such as moving robot joints. Additionally, mobile robots include wheels, brakes, propellers, etc., in their drive units, enabling them to drive on the ground or fly in the air.

[0059] Autonomous driving refers to technology that drives itself, and an autonomous vehicle refers to a vehicle that drives without user intervention or with minimal user intervention. For example, autonomous driving can include technologies such as maintaining the driving lane, automatically adjusting speed like adaptive cruise control, driving automatically along a predetermined route, and automatically setting a route and driving once a destination is set. The term "vehicle" encompasses vehicles equipped solely with internal combustion engines, hybrid vehicles equipped with both internal combustion engines and electric motors, and electric vehicles equipped solely with electric motors; it can include not only automobiles but also trains and motorcycles. An autonomous vehicle can be viewed as a robot equipped with autonomous driving capabilities.

[0060] Augmented Reality is a collective term for VR, AR, and MR. VR technology provides real-world objects or backgrounds solely as CG images, AR technology provides virtual CG images superimposed on images of real objects, and MR technology is a CG technology that mixes and combines virtual objects with the real world. MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it displays real-world and virtual objects together. However, there is a difference in that while virtual objects in AR technology are used to complement real-world objects, virtual and real objects in MR technology are used as equal entities.

[0061] NR supports multiple numerologies or subcarrier spacings (SCS) to support various 5G services. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, it supports a wide area in traditional cellular bands; when the SCS is 30 kHz / 60 kHz, it supports dense-urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth; and when the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, it supports a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0062] The NR frequency band can be defined by two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). The numerical values ​​of the frequency ranges may change. For example, the two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2) may be as shown in Table 1 below. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 may mean the “sub 6GHz range” and FR2 may mean the “above 6GHz range” and may be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0063] Frequency Range Definition Frequency Range Subcarrier Spacing FR1 450 MHz - 6000 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24 250 MHz - 52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

[0064] As described above, the numerical values ​​of the frequency range of the NR system may change. For example, FR1 may include a band of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 2 below. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher. For example, the frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included within FR1 may include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used for various purposes, for example, for communication for vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0065] Frequency Range Definition Frequency Range Subcarrier Spacing FR1 4 10 MHz - 7 125 MHz 15, 30, 60 kHz FR2 24 250 MHz - 5 2600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

[0066] Here, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device of this specification may include LTE, NR, and 6G, as well as narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) for low-power communication. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented according to standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, but is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally, or generally, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device of this specification may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as enhanced MTC (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least one of various standards such as 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-bandwidth limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE MTC, and / or 7) LTE M, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. Additionally or generally, wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless device of this specification may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and / or LPWAN for low-power communication, and is not limited to the names mentioned above. For example, ZigBee technology may create personal area networks (PANs) related to small / low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

[0067] FIG. 2 shows an example of a wireless device to which the implementation of the present specification applies.

[0068] In FIG. 2, the first wireless device (100) and / or the second wireless device (200) may be implemented in various forms depending on the use example / service. For example, {the first wireless device (100) and the second wireless device (200)} may correspond to at least one of {wireless devices (100a–100f) and base station (200)}, {wireless devices (100a–100f) and wireless devices (100a–100f)} and / or {base station (200) and base station (200)} of FIG. 1. The first wireless device (100) and / or the second wireless device (200) may be composed of various components, devices / parts and / or modules.

[0069] The first wireless device (100) may include at least one transceiver such as a transceiver (106), at least one processing chip such as a processing chip (101), and / or one or more antennas (108).

[0070] The processing chip (101) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (102), and at least one memory, such as a memory (104). Additionally and / or generally, the memory (104) may be placed outside the processing chip (101).

[0071] The processor (102) can control the memory (104) and / or the transceiver (106) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor (102) may process information within the memory (104) to generate a first information / signal and transmit a wireless signal containing the first information / signal through the transceiver (106). The processor (102) may receive a wireless signal containing a second information / signal through the transceiver (106) and process the second information / signal to store the obtained information in the memory (104).

[0072] Memory (104) may be connected to the processor (102) so as to be operable. Memory (104) may store various types of information and / or instructions. Memory (104) may store firmware and / or software code (105) that implements code, instructions, and / or a set of instructions that perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this specification when executed by the processor (102). For example, firmware and / or software code (105) may implement instructions that perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this specification when executed by the processor (102). For example, firmware and / or software code (105) may control the processor (102) to perform one or more protocols. For example, firmware and / or software code (105) may control the processor (102) to perform one or more wireless interface protocol layers.

[0073] Here, the processor (102) and memory (104) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). A transceiver (106) may be connected to the processor (102) and may transmit and / or receive a wireless signal through one or more antennas (108). Each transceiver (106) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (106) may be interchangeably used with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In this specification, the first wireless device (100) may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0074] The second wireless device (200) may include at least one transceiver such as a transceiver (206), at least one processing chip such as a processing chip (201), and / or one or more antennas (208).

[0075] The processing chip (201) may include at least one processor, such as a processor (202), and at least one memory, such as a memory (204). Additionally and / or alternatively, the memory (204) may be placed outside the processing chip (201).

[0076] The processor (202) can control the memory (204) and / or the transceiver (206) and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor (202) may process information within the memory (204) to generate a third information / signal and transmit a wireless signal containing the third information / signal through the transceiver (206). The processor (202) may receive a wireless signal containing a fourth information / signal through the transceiver (206) and process the fourth information / signal to store the obtained information in the memory (204).

[0077] Memory (204) may be connected to the processor (202) so as to be operable. Memory (204) may store various types of information and / or instructions. Memory (204) may store firmware and / or software code (205) that implements instruction code, instructions, and / or sets of instructions that perform descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this specification when executed by the processor (202). For example, firmware and / or software code (205) may implement instructions that perform descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this specification when executed by the processor (202). For example, firmware and / or software code (205) may control the processor (202) to perform one or more protocols. For example, firmware and / or software code (205) may control the processor (202) to perform one or more wireless interface protocol layers.

[0078] Here, the processor (202) and memory (204) may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). A transceiver (206) may be connected to the processor (202) and transmit and / or receive a wireless signal through one or more antennas (208). Each transceiver (206) may include a transmitter and / or receiver. The transceiver (206) may be interchangeably used with an RF unit. In this specification, the second wireless device (200) may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0079] Hereinafter, hardware elements of the wireless device (100, 200) will be described in more detail. Although not limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a PHY (physical) layer, a MAC (media access control) layer, a RLC (radio link control) layer, a PDCP (packet data convergence protocol) layer, a RRC (radio resource control) layer, and an SDAP (service data adaptation protocol) layer). One or more processors (102, 202) may generate one or more PDUs (protocol data units), one or more SDUs (service data units), messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this specification. One or more processors (102, 202) may generate a signal (e.g., baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation flowchart disclosed in this specification and provide it to one or more transceivers (106, 206). One or more processors (102, 202) may receive a signal (e.g., baseband signal) from one or more transceivers (106, 206) and may obtain a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and / or operation flowchart disclosed in this specification.

[0080] One or more processors (102, 202) may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, and / or a microcomputer. One or more processors (102, 202) may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, and / or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), and / or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors (102, 202). For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may be composed of a set of communication control processors, application processors (APs), electronic control units (ECUs), central processing units (CPUs), graphic processing units (GPUs), and memory control processors.

[0081] One or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may store various forms of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. One or more memories (104, 204) may consist of random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer read storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories (104, 204) may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors (102, 202). Additionally, one or more memories (104, 204) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0082] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this specification to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this specification from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) and may transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors (102, 202) may control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to transmit user data, control information, wireless signals, etc., to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors (102, 202) can control one or more transceivers (106, 206) to receive user data, control information, wireless signals, etc. from one or more other devices.

[0083] One or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208). Additionally and / or generally, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include one or more antennas (108, 208). One or more transceivers (106, 206) may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as described in the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein through one or more antennas (108, 208). In this specification, one or more antennas (108, 208) may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports).

[0084] One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals in order to process received user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202). One or more transceivers (106, 206) can convert processed user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc. from baseband signals to RF band signals using one or more processors (102, 202). To this end, one or more transceivers (106, 206) may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters. For example, one or more transceivers (106, 206) can up-convert an OFDM baseband signal into an OFDM signal through an (analog) oscillator and / or filter under the control of one or more processors (102, 202) and transmit the up-converted OFDM signal at a carrier frequency. One or more transceivers (106, 206) can receive an OFDM signal at a carrier frequency and down-convert the OFDM signal into an OFDM baseband signal through an (analog) oscillator and / or filter under the control of one or more processors (102, 202).

[0085] Although not illustrated in FIG. 2, the wireless device (100, 200) may include additional components. The additional components (140) may be configured in various ways depending on the type of the wireless device (100, 200). For example, the additional components (140) may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) device (e.g., audio I / O port, video I / O port), a driving unit, and a computing unit. The additional components (140) may be connected to one or more processors (102, 202) through various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0086] In an implementation of this specification, the UE may operate as a transmitting device in the uplink (UL; uplink) and as a receiving device in the downlink (DL; downlink). In an implementation of this specification, the base station may operate as a receiving device in the UL and as a transmitting device in the DL. For technical convenience, it is generally assumed that the first wireless device (100) operates as a UE and the second wireless device (200) operates as a base station. For example, a processor (102) connected to, mounted on, or released to the first wireless device (100) may be configured to perform UE operations according to an implementation of this specification or to control a transceiver (106) to perform UE operations according to an implementation of this specification. A processor (202) connected to, mounted on, or released to the second wireless device (200) may be configured to perform base station operations according to an implementation of this specification or to control a transceiver (206) to perform base station operations according to an implementation of this specification.

[0087] In this specification, the base station may be referred to as Node B, eNode B, or gNB.

[0088] FIG. 3 shows an example of a UE to which the implementation of the present specification applies.

[0089] Referring to FIG. 3, the UE (100) can correspond to the first wireless device (100) of FIG. 2.

[0090] The UE (100) includes a processor (102), memory (104), transceiver (106), one or more antennas (108), a power management module (141), a battery (142), a display (143), a keypad (144), a SIM (Subscriber Identification Module) card (145), a speaker (146), and a microphone (147).

[0091] The processor (102) may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. The processor (102) may be configured to control one or more other components of the UE (100) to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. Layers of a wireless interface protocol may be implemented in the processor (102). The processor (102) may include an ASIC, other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices. The processor (102) may be an application processor. The processor (102) may include at least one of a DSP, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and a modem (modulator and demodulator). An example of the processor (102) is the SNAPDRAGON manufactured by Qualcomm®. TM Series processor, EXYNOS made by Samsung® TM Series processors, A Series processors made by Apple®, HELIO made by MediaTek® TM Series processors, ATOM made by Intel® TM It can be found in series processors or corresponding next-generation processors.

[0092] Memory (104) is coupled to the processor (102) so as to be operable and stores various information for operating the processor (102). Memory (104) may include ROM, RAM, flash memory, memory card, storage medium and / or other storage device. When the implementation is implemented in software, the technology described herein may be implemented using modules (e.g., procedures, functions, etc.) that perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. Modules may be stored in memory (104) and executed by the processor (102). Memory (104) may be implemented within the processor (102) or outside the processor (102), in which case it may be communicatively coupled to the processor (102) through various methods known in the technology.

[0093] A transceiver (106) is coupled to operate with a processor (102) and transmits and / or receives a wireless signal. The transceiver (106) includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver (106) may include a baseband circuit for processing a wireless frequency signal. The transceiver (106) controls one or more antennas (108) to transmit and / or receive a wireless signal.

[0094] The power management module (141) manages the power of the processor (102) and / or the transceiver (106). The battery (142) supplies power to the power management module (141).

[0095] The display (143) outputs the result processed by the processor (102). The keypad (144) receives input to be used by the processor (102). The keypad (144) can be displayed on the display (143).

[0096] A SIM card (145) is an integrated circuit for securely storing an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and associated keys, and is used to identify and authenticate a subscriber in a mobile device such as a mobile phone or computer. Additionally, contact information can be stored on many SIM cards.

[0097] The speaker (146) outputs sound-related results processed by the processor (102). The microphone (147) receives sound-related input to be used by the processor (102).

[0098] <6G System General>

[0099] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims for (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption of battery-free IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be seen in four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements shown in Table 1 below. In other words, Table 1 is a table showing an example of the requirements for a 6G system.

[0100] Per device peak data rate1 TbpsE2E latency1 msMaximum spectral efficiency100bps / HzMobility supportUp to 1000km / hrSatellite integrationFullyAIFullyAutonomous vehicleFullyXRFullyHaptic CommunicationFully

[0101] 6G systems can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), AI integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0102] Figure 4 shows an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system.

[0103] 6G systems are expected to have 50 times higher simultaneous wireless connectivity than 5G wireless communication systems. URLLC, a key feature of 5G, will become an even more dominant technology in 6G communication by providing end-to-end latency of less than 1ms. Unlike the frequently used area spectrum efficiency, 6G systems will exhibit significantly superior volume spectrum efficiency. 6G systems can provide very long battery life and advanced battery technologies for energy harvesting, meaning mobile devices in 6G systems will not require separate charging. New network characteristics in 6G may include the following.

[0104] - Satellite Integrated Network: 6G is expected to be integrated with satellites to provide a global mobile population. Integrating terrestrial, satellite, and airborne networks into a single wireless communication system is crucial for 6G.

[0105] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is innovative and will update wireless evolution from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at each stage of the communication process (or at each step of the signal processing described below).

[0106] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer: 6G wireless networks will transfer power to charge the batteries of devices such as smartphones and sensors. Therefore, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET) will be integrated.

[0107] - Ubiquitous Super 3D Connectivity: Connectivity to the network and core network functions of drones and very low Earth orbit satellites will create Super 3D connectivity in 6G ubiquitous.

[0108] Some general requirements regarding the new network characteristics of 6G mentioned above may be as follows.

[0109] - Small cell networks: The idea of ​​small cell networks was introduced to improve the quality of received signals in cellular systems as a result of increased throughput, energy efficiency, and spectrum efficiency. Consequently, small cell networks are an essential feature of communication systems for 5G and beyond 5G (5GB). Therefore, 6G communication systems also adopt the characteristics of small cell networks.

[0110] - Ultra-dense heterogeneous network: Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks will be another important characteristic of 6G communication systems. Multi-tier networks composed of heterogeneous networks improve overall QoS and reduce costs.

[0111] - High-capacity backhaul: Backhaul connections are characterized as high-capacity backhaul networks to support high-volume traffic. High-speed fiber optics and free-space optics (FSO) systems can be possible solutions to this problem.

[0112] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision localization (or location-based services) through communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0113] - Softwarization and virtualization: Softwarization and virtualization are two important features that form the basis of the design process in 5GB networks to ensure flexibility, reconfigurability, and programmability. Additionally, billions of devices can be shared across a shared physical infrastructure.

[0114] <Key Implementation Technologies of 6G Systems>

[0115] Artificial Intelligence

[0116] The most critical and newly introduced technology for 6G systems is AI. AI was not involved in 4G systems. 5G systems will support AI partially or to a very limited extent. However, 6G systems will be supported by AI for complete automation. Advancements in machine learning will create more intelligent networks for real-time communication in 6G. Introducing AI into communications can streamline and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can determine how complex target tasks are performed using numerous analyses. In other words, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency.

[0117] Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly by using AI. AI can also play a significant role in M2M, machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communication. Furthermore, AI can enable rapid communication in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0118] Recently, attempts to integrate AI with wireless communication systems have emerged, but these have primarily focused on the application and network layers, particularly deep learning in the field of wireless resource management and allocation. However, such research is increasingly advancing toward the MAC and physical layers, with attempts to combine deep learning with wireless transmission, particularly at the physical layer. AI-based physical layer transmission refers to the application of signal processing and communication mechanisms based on AI drivers rather than traditional communication frameworks in terms of fundamental signal processing and communication mechanisms. Examples include deep learning-based channel coding and decoding, deep learning-based signal estimation and detection, deep learning-based MIMO mechanisms, and AI-based resource scheduling and allocation.

[0119] Machine learning can be used for channel estimation and channel tracking, and for power allocation and interference cancellation in the physical layer of the downlink (DL). In addition, machine learning can be used for antenna selection, power control, and symbol detection in MIMO systems.

[0120] Machine learning refers to a series of operations for training machines to create machines capable of performing tasks that humans can or find difficult to do. Machine learning requires data and learning models. Data learning methods in machine learning can be broadly classified into three types: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

[0121] The purpose of neural network training is to minimize output errors. It is a process that repeatedly inputs training data into a neural network, calculates the error between the network's output and the target for the training data, and updates the weights of each node by backpropagating the error from the output layer to the input layer in a direction that reduces the error.

[0122] Supervised learning uses training data with correct answers labeled, whereas unsupervised learning may not have correct answers labeled. That is, for example, in the case of supervised learning regarding data classification, the training data may consist of data where each training data point is labeled with a category. Labeled training data is input into a neural network, and an error can be calculated by comparing the network's output (category) with the labels of the training data. The calculated error is backpropagated within the neural network (i.e., from the output layer to the input layer), and the connection weights of each node in each layer of the neural network can be updated according to this backpropagation. The amount of change in the connection weights of each node being updated can be determined by the learning rate. The neural network's calculations on the input data and the backpropagation of the error can constitute a learning cycle (epoch). The learning rate can be applied differently depending on the number of iterations of the neural network's learning cycle. For example, efficiency can be increased by using a high learning rate in the early stages of neural network training to enable the network to quickly achieve a certain level of performance, and accuracy can be increased by using a low learning rate in the later stages of training.

[0123] The learning method may vary depending on the characteristics of the data. For example, if the goal is to accurately predict data transmitted from the transmitting end at the receiving end in a communication system, it is preferable to perform learning using supervised learning rather than unsupervised learning or reinforcement learning.

[0124] Learning models correspond to the human brain, and while the most basic linear models can be considered, a machine learning paradigm that uses highly complex neural network structures, such as artificial neural networks, as learning models is called deep learning.

[0125] The neural network cores used for learning methods are broadly classified into deep neural networks (DNN), convolutional deep neural networks (CNN), recurrent Boltzmann machines (RNN), and spiking neural networks (SNN).

[0126] THz Communication (Terahertz Communication)

[0127] Data transmission rates can be increased by expanding bandwidth. This can be achieved by using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced large-scale MIMO technology. THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally refer to a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz–300 GHz band range (Sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band for cellular communication. Adding the Sub-THz band to the mmWave band increases 6G cellular communication capacity. Among the defined THz bands, the 300 GHz–3 THz band is located in the far-infrared (IR) frequency band. Although the 300 GHz–3 THz band is part of the broadband, it lies at the boundary of the broadband and immediately following the RF band. Therefore, this 300 GHz–3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF.

[0128] Figure 5 shows an example of an electromagnetic spectrum.

[0129] Key characteristics of THz communication include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data transmission rates, and (ii) high path loss occurring at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beam width generated by highly directional antennas reduces interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be integrated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables the use of advanced adaptive array technologies that can overcome range limitations.

[0130] Large-scale MIMO

[0131] One of the key technologies for improving spectrum efficiency is the application of MIMO technology. As MIMO technology improves, spectrum efficiency also improves. Therefore, large-scale MIMO technology will be important in 6G systems. Since MIMO technology utilizes multiple paths, multiplexing technology and beam generation and operation technology suitable for the THz band must also be given important consideration to enable data signals to be transmitted through one or more paths.

[0132] Hologram Beam Forming (HBF)

[0133] Beamforming is a signal processing procedure that adjusts an antenna array to transmit wireless signals in a specific direction. It is a subset of smart antennas or advanced antenna systems. Beamforming technology offers several advantages, such as a high signal-to-noise ratio, interference prevention and rejection, and high network efficiency. Holographic Beamforming (HBF) is a new beamforming method that differs significantly from MIMO systems because it utilizes software-defined antennas. HBF is expected to be a highly effective approach for the efficient and flexible transmission and reception of signals in multi-antenna communication devices in 6G.

[0134] Optical wireless technology

[0135] Optical wireless communication (OWC) is a form of optical communication that transmits signals using visible light, infrared (IR), or ultraviolet (UV). OWC operating in the visible light band (e.g., 390–750 nm) is generally referred to as Visible Light Communication (VLC). Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) can be utilized for VLC implementation. VLC can be used in various applications, including wireless local area networks, wireless personal communication networks, and vehicle networks.

[0136] VLC offers the following advantages over RF-based technologies. First, the spectrum occupied by VLC is in the free / unlicensed band and can provide extensive bandwidth (THz-level bandwidth). Second, VLC causes minimal interference to other electromagnetic devices. Therefore, VLC can be applied to sensitive electromagnetic interference applications, such as aircraft and hospitals. Third, VLC offers strengths in communication security and privacy protection. The transmission medium of VLC-based networks, namely visible light, cannot penetrate walls or other opaque obstacles. Consequently, the transmission range of VLC can be limited to indoors, thereby protecting users' personal and sensitive information. Fourth, since VLC can utilize lighting sources as base stations, expensive base stations are not required.

[0137] Free-space Optical Communication (FSO) is an optical communication technology that uses light propagating in free space, such as air, outer space, or a vacuum, to wirelessly transmit data for communication or computer networking. FSO can be used as a point-to-point OWC system on the ground. FSO can operate at near-infrared frequencies (750–1600 nm). Laser transmitters can be used for FSO implementation, and FSO can provide high data rates (e.g., 10 Gbit / s), offering a potential solution to backhaul bottlenecks.

[0138] These OWC technologies were planned for 6G communication in addition to RF-based communication for all possible device-to-access networks. These networks connect to network-to-backhaul / fronthaul network connections. Although OWC technologies have already been in use since 4G communication systems, they will be used more widely to meet the demands of 6G communication systems. OWC technologies such as light fidelity, visible light communication, optical camera communication, and broadband-based FSO communication are already well-known technologies. Communication based on optical radio technology can provide very high data rates, low latency, and secure communication.

[0139] LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) can also be utilized for ultra-high resolution 3D mapping in 6G communication based on wide bandwidth. LiDAR refers to a remote sensing method that measures distance by illuminating an object with near-infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light and detecting the reflected light through an optical sensor. LiDAR can be used for fully autonomous driving in automobiles.

[0140] FSO Backhaul Network

[0141] The transmitter and receiver characteristics of an FSO system are similar to those of a fiber optic network. Therefore, data transmission in an FSO system is similar to that of a fiber optic system. Consequently, FSO can be a good technology for providing backhaul connectivity in 6G systems in conjunction with fiber optic networks. Using FSO enables very long-distance communication over distances of more than 10,000 km. FSO supports high-capacity backhaul connectivity for remote and non-remote areas such as the ocean, space, underwater, and isolated islands. FSO also supports cellular backhaul connectivity.

[0142] Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN)

[0143] 6G systems integrate terrestrial and air networks to support vertically scalable user communications. 3D BS will be provided via low-orbit satellites and UAVs. By adding new dimensions in terms of altitude and associated degrees of freedom, 3D connectivity differs significantly from existing 2D networks. In NR, the Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN) is considered as one method for this. An NTN refers to a network or network segment that utilizes RF resources mounted on a satellite (or UAS platform). There are two common scenarios for NTNs that provide access to user equipment: transparent payload and regenerative payload. The following are the basic elements of an NTN.

[0144] - One or more sat-gateways connecting NTN to a public data network

[0145] - GEO satellites are supplied by one or more satellite gateways deployed across a satellite target range (e.g., regional or continental range). We assume that the UEs in a cell are serviced by only one satellite gateway.

[0146] - Non-GEO satellites providing continuous service from one or more satellite gateways at a time. The system ensures service and feeder link continuity between continuous service satellite gateways with a time duration sufficient to perform mobility anchoring and handover.

[0147] - Feeder link or wireless link between the satellite gateway and the satellite (or UAS platform)

[0148] - Service link or wireless link between user equipment and satellite (or UAS platform).

[0149] - A satellite (or UAS platform) capable of implementing transparent or regenerative (including onboard processing) payloads. Satellite (or UAS platform) generated beams typically produce multiple beams for a designated service area based on the line of sight. The beam footprint is generally elliptical. The satellite (or UAS platform)'s line of sight depends on the onboard antenna diagram and the minimum elevation angle.

[0150] - Transparent payload: Radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion, and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated by the payload is not altered.

[0151] - Playback Payload: Radio frequency filtering, frequency conversion and amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, coding / modulation. This is virtually equivalent to equipping a satellite (or UAS platform) with all or part of the base station functions (e.g., gNB).

[0152] - For satellite deployments, Inter-Satellite Links (ISL) are optional. This requires a regenerative payload on the satellite. ISL can operate at RF frequencies or in the broadband.

[0153] - User equipment is serviced by a satellite (or UAS platform) within the target service area.

[0154] Generally, GEO satellites and UAS are used to provide continental, regional, or local services.

[0155] Generally, LEO and MEO constellations are used to provide services in both the Northern and Southern hemispheres. In some cases, constellations may provide global coverage, including the polar regions. For this to work, appropriate orbital inclination, a sufficiently generated beam, and inter-satellite links are required.

[0156] Quantum Communication

[0157] Quantum communication is a next-generation communication technology that applies quantum mechanical properties to the field of information and communications to overcome the limitations of existing technologies, such as security and ultra-high-speed computing. Quantum communication provides a means to generate, transmit, process, and store information that cannot be represented in the form of 0 and 1 based on binary bits used in conventional communication technologies, or that is difficult to represent. While conventional communication technologies utilize wavelength or amplitude for information transmission between a transmitter and a receiver, quantum communication, in contrast, utilizes photons—the smallest unit of light—for this purpose. In particular, since quantum uncertainty and quantum irreversibility can be applied to the polarization or phase difference of photons (light), quantum communication possesses the characteristic of enabling communication with guaranteed perfect security. Furthermore, under specific conditions, quantum communication may enable ultra-high-speed communication by utilizing quantum entanglement.

[0158] Cell-free Communication

[0159] The tight integration of multiple frequencies and heterogeneous communication technologies is crucial in 6G systems. Consequently, users can seamlessly move from one network to another without the need for any manual configuration on their devices. The best network among available communication technologies is automatically selected. This will break the limitations of the cellular concept in wireless communication. Currently, user movement from one cell to another causes excessive handovers in high-density networks, leading to handover failures, delays, data loss, and the "ping-pong" effect. 6G cell-free communication will overcome all of these issues and provide better QoS.

[0160] Cell-free communication is defined as a “system in which multiple geographically distributed access points (APs) cooperatively serve a small number of terminals using the same time and frequency resources with the help of a fronthaul network and a CPU.” A single terminal is served by a set of multiple APs, which is called an AP cluster. There are various ways to form an AP cluster; among them, the method of configuring an AP cluster with APs that can significantly contribute to improving the terminal's reception performance is called terminal-centric clustering. When using this method, the configuration is dynamically updated as the terminal moves. By introducing this terminal-centric AP clustering technique, the terminal is always located at the center of the AP cluster, thereby becoming free from inter-cluster interference that can occur when a terminal is located at the boundary of the AP cluster. This cell-free communication will be achieved through multi-connectivity and multi-tier hybrid technologies, as well as heterogeneous radios used by different devices.

[0161] Integration of Wireless Information and Energy Transfer (WIET)

[0162] WIET uses the same fields and waves as wireless communication systems. In particular, sensors and smartphones will be charged using wireless power transmission during communication. WIET is a promising technology for extending the lifespan of wireless battery charging systems. Therefore, devices without batteries will be supported in 6G communication.

[0163] Integration of Wireless Communication and Sensing

[0164] Autonomous wireless networks are capable of continuously detecting dynamically changing environmental conditions and exchanging information between different nodes. In 6G, sensing will be tightly integrated with communication to support autonomous systems.

[0165] Integrated Access and Backhaul Network

[0166] In 6G, the density of access networks will be enormous. Each access network will be connected via backhaul connections such as fiber optics and FSO networks. To cope with a very large number of access networks, there will be tight integration between access and backhaul networks.

[0167] Big Data Analysis

[0168] Big data analysis is a complex process for analyzing various large-scale data sets or big data. This process ensures perfect data management by uncovering information such as hidden data, unknown correlations, and customer preferences. Big data is collected from various sources, such as video, social networks, images, and sensors. This technology is widely used to process vast amounts of data in 6G systems.

[0169] Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface

[0170] Numerous studies have been conducted that treat the wireless environment, along with transmitters and receivers, as a variable to be optimized. To emphasize the fundamental difference between wireless environments created through this approach and past design and optimization standards, they are referred to as Smart Radio Environments (SRE) or Intelligent Radio Environments (IRE). Regarding reconfigurable intelligent antenna (or intelligent reconfigurable antenna technology) as a technology for realizing SRE, various terms have been proposed, such as Reconfigurable Metasurfaces, Smart Large Intelligent Surfaces (SLIS), Large Intelligent Surfaces (LIS), Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS), and Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS).

[0171] THz band signals exhibit strong directivity, which can lead to numerous dead zones caused by obstacles. Consequently, RIS technology becomes crucial as it allows for the expansion of communication coverage, enhanced communication stability, and the provision of additional value-added services by installing RIS near these dead zones. An RIS is an artificial surface made of electromagnetic materials capable of altering the propagation of incoming and outgoing radio waves. While RIS may appear to be an extension of massive MIMO, it differs from massive MIMO in its array structure and operational mechanism. Furthermore, RIS offers the advantage of low power consumption because it operates as a reconfigurable reflector with passive elements—meaning it reflects signals passively without using an active RF chain. Additionally, since each passive reflector in the RIS must independently adjust the phase shift of the incident signal, this can be advantageous for wireless communication channels. By appropriately adjusting the phase shift through the RIS controller, the reflected signal can be collected at the target receiver to boost the received signal power.

[0172] There are also RISs that can control transmission and refraction characteristics as well as reflect wireless signals, and such RISs are mainly used for O2I (Outdoor to Indoor). Recently, STAR-RIS (Simultaneous Transmission and Reflection RIS), which provides transmission and reflection simultaneously, is also being actively researched.

[0173] Metaverse

[0174] Metaverse is a compound word formed from 'Meta,' meaning virtual or transcendent, and 'Universe,' meaning the universe. Generally, the term metaverse is used to mean something like 'a three-dimensional virtual space where social and economic activities similar to those in the real world are prevalent.'

[0175] Extended Reality (XR), a core technology for implementing the metaverse, can expand real-world experiences and provide a unique sense of immersion through the convergence of the virtual and the real. The high bandwidth and low latency of 6G networks enable users to experience Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) with enhanced immersion.

[0176] Autonomous Driving (Self-driving)

[0177] For perfect autonomous driving, vehicles must communicate with each other to alert one another to dangerous situations, or communicate with infrastructure such as parking lots and traffic lights to verify information like parking locations and signal change times. V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), a core element of building autonomous driving infrastructure, is a technology that enables vehicles to communicate and share with various elements on the road to perform autonomous driving, including wireless communication between vehicles (V2V) and between vehicles and infrastructure (V2I).

[0178] Fast transmission speeds and low-latency technologies are essential to maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety. Furthermore, as the amount of information to be transmitted and received increases significantly in the future—moving beyond the level of delivering warning or guidance messages to the driver to actively intervene in vehicle operation and directly control the vehicle in dangerous situations—it is expected that 6G will be able to maximize autonomous driving through faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G.

[0179] Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

[0180] Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones will become a critical element in 6G wireless communication. In most cases, high-speed data wireless connectivity is provided using UAV technology. BS entities are installed on UAVs to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs possess specific capabilities not found in fixed BS infrastructure, such as easy deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and controlled degrees of freedom for mobility. During emergencies, such as natural disasters, the deployment of ground communication infrastructure is not economically feasible, and sometimes services cannot be provided in volatile environments. UAVs can easily handle these situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in the field of wireless communication. This technology facilitates the three fundamental requirements of wireless networks: eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also support various purposes, such as enhancing network connectivity, fire detection, disaster emergency services, security and surveillance, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident monitoring. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most critical technologies for 6G communication.

[0181] Blockchain

[0182] Blockchain will become a critical technology for managing massive amounts of data in future communication systems. As a form of distributed ledger technology, a distributed ledger is a database distributed across numerous nodes or computing devices. Each node replicates and stores an identical copy of the ledger. Blockchain is managed via a peer-to-peer (P2P) network and can exist without being managed by a centralized authority or server. Data in a blockchain is collected together and organized into blocks. These blocks are linked together and protected using encryption. Blockchain inherently complements large-scale IoT perfectly through enhanced interoperability, security, privacy, stability, and scalability. Therefore, blockchain technology provides various capabilities such as inter-device interoperability, large-scale data traceability, autonomous interaction with other IoT systems, and the large-scale connectivity stability of 6G communication systems.

[0183] Figure 6 illustrates an example of a subframe type in NR.

[0184] The transmission time interval (TTI) illustrated in Fig. 6 can be referred to as a subframe or slot for NR (or new RAT). The subframe (or slot) of Fig. 6 can be used in the TDD system of NR (or new RAT) to minimize data transmission delay. As illustrated in Fig. 4, the subframe (or slot) contains 14 symbols, similar to the current subframe. The symbols at the beginning of the subframe (or slot) can be used for the DL control channel, and the symbols at the end of the subframe (or slot) can be used for the UL control channel. The remaining symbols can be used for DL ​​data transmission or UL data transmission. According to this subframe (or slot) structure, downlink transmission and uplink transmission can proceed sequentially within a single subframe (or slot). Thus, downlink data can be received within the subframe (or slot), and uplink acknowledgments (ACK / NACK) can be transmitted within that subframe (or slot). The structure of such a subframe (or slot) can be referred to as a self-contained subframe (or slot). Using this subframe (or slot) structure has the advantage of minimizing the final data transmission waiting time by reducing the time required to retransmit data that has received errors. In such a self-contained subframe (or slot) structure, a time gap may be required during the transition process from transmit mode to receive mode or from receive mode to transmit mode. To this end, some OFDM symbols during the transition from DL to UL in the subframe structure may be set as a Guard Period (GP).

[0185] <NR에서 SS 블록>

[0186] In 5G NR, the SS block (SS / PBCH Block: SSB) contains the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) containing the Master Information Block (MIB), which is necessary for the terminal to perform initial access, and the Synchronization Signal (SS) (including PSS and SSS).

[0187] Furthermore, multiple SSBs can be grouped together and defined as an SS burst, and multiple SS bursts can be grouped together and defined as an SS burst set. It is assumed that each SSB is beamformed in a specific direction, and the various SSBs within an SS burst set are designed to support terminals located in different directions.

[0188] Figure 7 shows an example of SSB in NR.

[0189] Referring to Fig. 7, the SS burst is transmitted at predetermined periodicities. Accordingly, the terminal receives the SSB and performs cell detection and measurement.

[0190] Meanwhile, in 5G NR, beam sweeping is performed on the SSB. This will be explained with reference to Fig. 8.

[0191] Figure 8 shows an example of beam sweeping in NR.

[0192] The base station transmits each SSB within the SS burst while beam sweeping over time. At this time, multiple SSBs within the SS burst set are transmitted to support terminals located in different directions.

[0193] Pre-configured Measurement Gap (Pre-MG)

[0194] The terminal's Pre-MG can be configured via RRC signaling.

[0195] When the configured Pre-MG is activated, the existing gap interruption specifications can be applied in the same way.

[0196] However, when the configured Pre-MG is disabled, the gap interruption can be considered non-existent.

[0197] Pre-MG may be applied only to NR SA operations and NR CA operations. The relevant MG pattern may be the same as the pattern used in the existing NR SA.

[0198] When measuring PRS, if Pre-MG is insufficient, the terminal can notify the network to start or stop the PRS measurement through the existing 'Location Measurement Indication' procedure.

[0199] If the Pre-MG state changes during the measurement interval, the terminal may be allowed to restart the measurement.

[0200] If the Pre-MG state changes from active to inactive during the measurement period, the measurement specifications may not apply.

[0201] The aforementioned Pre-MG state can be determined through an automatic activation / deactivation method of the terminal or a network control-based activation / deactivation method.

[0202] In the case of a terminal that supports both of the above two methods, and when the network provides active / inactive status information via RRC, the terminal may not use the automatic active / inactive method. For example, the network control-based active / inactive method may take precedence over the terminal's automatic active / inactive method.

[0203] MG specifications based on automatic activation / deactivation methods and network control-based activation / deactivation methods have been defined, respectively. Pre-MGs include per-UE based Pre-MGs and per-FR based Pre-MGs.

[0204] First, in the case of the automatic activation / deactivation method, if one of the following conditions or combined conditions is satisfied, the terminal can switch the Pre-MG state:

[0205] - DCI, timer or RRC based active BWP switching,

[0206] - Activation / deactivation of SCell(s)

[0207] - Addition / removal of any measurement object(s)

[0208] - Addition / release / change of a Scell ​​in CA

[0209] If all configured measurements can be performed without MG, and a per-UE MG-based Pre-MG pattern is configured, the terminal can immediately and automatically determine the Pre-MG state to be disabled.

[0210] Conversely, if even one of the set measurements cannot be performed without MG, and a Pre-MG pattern is set, the terminal can immediately and automatically determine the Pre-MG state to be active.

[0211] Secondly, in the case of a network control-based activation / deactivation method, if the corresponding gap ID for the active DL BWP of any of the activated CCs (component carriers) is not in 'deactivatedMeasGapList-r17' or if the corresponding gap ID for any of the deactivated SCCs (secondary component carriers) is not in 'deactivatedMeasGapList-r17', the terminal can decide to activate Pre-MG.

[0212] When Pre-MG is enabled, the terminal may not be required to perform transmission / reception with the corresponding serving cell during the gap period.

[0213] If Pre-MG is disabled, the terminal can be scheduled to transmit / receive with the corresponding serving cell during the gap period.

[0214] <OD-SSB (on-demand SSB)>

[0215] Unlike LTE-based communication systems, NR-based communication systems have significantly reduced the Always-on signal. Unlike CRS, which was always transmitted in LTE, SSB can be transmitted with a period of at least 5ms to a maximum of 160ms depending on the network (NW) settings.

[0216] As the number of Always-on signals that can always be transmitted regardless of traffic decreases, NR-based communication systems have achieved superior power saving benefits from a network perspective compared to LTE-based communication systems. Nevertheless, NR-based communication systems have the disadvantage that they cannot change the SSB settings depending on the presence or absence of terminals or traffic.

[0217] For example, i) when there is no terminal in a cell, or ii) when there is a terminal but there is no traffic and the terminal is in the RRC_IDLE / INACTIVE state, the base station may periodically transmit SSB to consume power.

[0218] If, in NR-based communication, the SSB can be turned on / off as needed or the cycle of the SSB can be changed dynamically, the network / terminal can gain the benefit of power saving.

[0219] To this end, 3GPP is discussing on-demand SSB (OD-SSB) that instructs the terminal on the presence or absence of an SSB in the SCell (Secondary cell).

[0220] Figure 9 shows an example of an OD-SSB scenario.

[0221] When the terminal receives SCell settings from the network, the terminal can receive OD-SSB indications from the network.

[0222] In this case, detection or measurement of the terminal's OD-SSB may not be expected before the terminal receives the OD-SSB indication.

[0223] When the terminal receives an OD-SSB indication with MAC-CE or RRC settings, the terminal can perform detection or measurement of the OD-SSB.

[0224] The terminal can receive information about the period or frequency for the OD-SSB in advance before receiving the OD-SSB indication.

[0225] OD-SSB can be assumed to be NCD-SSB (non-cell defining SSB). The center frequency of OD-SSB may not be located in the sync raster used by existing terminals.

[0226] In Case 1, the terminal may not receive an Always-on SSB (AO-SSB, or default SSB, reference SSB) from SCell. Therefore, until the terminal receives an OD-SSB instruction, the terminal may not expect an SSB to detect and measure. If the terminal receives an OD-SSB instruction in Case 1, the terminal may receive the OD-SSB after a given period of time.

[0227] In Case 2, the terminal can receive an AO-SSB from the SCell. The AO-SSB can be a CD-SSB or an NCD-SSB. The center frequency of the corresponding SSB can be located on the sink raster. The terminal can detect the AO-SSB based on a set period. If the network wishes to send the SSB more frequently as needed, the network can send an OD-SSB indication to the terminal. Based on the OD-SSB indication, the terminal can receive the OD-SSB after a given period of time.

[0228] <SSB 조정(adaptation)>

[0229] Figure 10 shows an example of a scenario for SSB adjustment.

[0230] To reduce power consumption, the SSB cycle can be changed dynamically.

[0231] The terminal can receive an SSB adjustment instruction. Based on this, the terminal can receive SSB at a changed period.

[0232] For example, the terminal can receive SSB coordination instructions for an SSB transmitted from a PCell or SCell.

[0233] SSB adjustment can also be performed on OD-SSB.

[0234] In this specification, the period change of the SSB (or SMTC) may include the terminal receiving an SSB (or SMTC) adjustment setting and the terminal receiving an SSB (or SMTC) adjustment instruction.

[0235] I. First Example

[0236] 1. MG for SSB adjustment or OD-SSB

[0237] The terminal may receive instructions for a dynamic change of the SSB or SMTC period through specific signaling (e.g., DCI or MAC-CE). In this case, the terminal may change the period of the SSB or SMTC.

[0238] To satisfy intra-frequency measurement requirements, the terminal can perform measurements based on a modified SSB period or SMTC period.

[0239] Intra-frequency measurement requirements include measurement requirements outside the MG and measurement requirements inside the MG.

[0240] When measuring a serving cell or an adjacent cell with the same center frequency, the terminal may be required to satisfy requirements related to intra-frequency measurement without gap.

[0241] On the other hand, when measuring adjacent cells that have the same center frequency as the serving cell, the terminal may be required to satisfy requirements related to intra-frequency measurement with a gap. However, if the terminal requires a gap measurement for measurement under certain conditions, the terminal may be required to satisfy requirements related to gap measurement.

[0242] For example, requirements regarding intra-frequency measurement with a gap may apply in the following cases:

[0243] - To enable UE to perform intra-frequency measurement when the SSB to be measured is not within the active bandwidth part

[0244] - To enable UE to perform RX beamforming in a different direction than the serving cell

[0245] Figure 11 shows an example of a case where an SSB is used outside the active bandwidth.

[0246] BWP0 (bandwidth part0) and BWP1 (bandwidth part1) are configured within the terminal's channel bandwidth, and BWP1 is active.

[0247] The terminal can transmit and receive data at BWP1 and measure SSB at BWP0.

[0248] After data transmission and reception in BWP1, SSB measurement requires switching to BWP0. Therefore, even though the above SSB measurement is an intra-frequency measurement, MG is required.

[0249] Therefore, in the requirements of Table 4, the measurement period can be calculated by applying the maximum values ​​of the MGRP (measurement gap repetition period) and SMTC period. Table 4 shows the requirements for the measurement period for intra-frequency measurements with gaps (FR1).

[0250] DRX cycleTSSB_measurement_period_intraNo DRXmax(200ms, ceil(5 x K gap )x max(MGRP, SMTC period)) x CSSF intra DRX cycle≤ 320msmax(200ms, ceil(1.5x 5 x K gap ) x max(MGRP, SMTC period,DRX cycle)) x CSSF intra DRX cycle>320msCeil(5 x K gap ) x max(MGRP, DRX cycle) x CSSF intra NOTE 1: For a UE supporting concurrent GAPs, if multiple concurrent GAPs are configured, the MGRP is the periodicity of the activated Pre-MG or the MG pattern associated to the intra-frequency layer.

[0251] FIG. 12 shows an example where SSB adjustment is indicated in a gapd intra-frequency measurement according to the disclosure of this specification.

[0252] In the case of gapd intra-frequency measurements, the SSB to be measured may not exist within the active BWP. In this case, if SSB adjustment is applied, problems such as being unable to measure or the MG not overlapping with the SMTC may occur.

[0253] 1) When the SMTC period is changed to a shorter duration

[0254] When SSB adaptation is indicated (e.g., the terminal receives SSB adaptation signaling), the SSB period or SMTC period may be shortened. Even in this case, the period satisfying the requirements may not be changed. For example, the requirements of Table 4 may be applied in the same way.

[0255] The SSB is transmitted at a 160ms interval, but through SSB adjustment (e.g., the terminal receives the SSB adjustment signaling), the SSB can be transmitted at a 40ms interval (change in the SMTC interval). At this time, since the MG interval has not changed, the terminal can still detect / measure the SSB within the SMTC at the MG interval (160ms).

[0256] As shown in Table 4, since the larger value between the MGRP (Measurement Gap Repetition Period) and STMC (SSB-based RRM Measurement Timing Configuration) periods is used to determine the measurement period, the actual measurement period may not change even if SSB adjustment is performed.

[0257] 2) When the SMTC period is changed to a longer duration

[0258] When SSB adaptation is indicated (e.g., the terminal receives an SSB adaptation signaling), the SSB period or SMTC period may be changed to a longer duration. In this case, an MG that does not overlap with SMTC may occur.

[0259] SSB is transmitted at a 40ms interval, but through SSB adjustment (e.g., the terminal receives SSB adjustment signaling), the SSB can be transmitted at a 160ms interval (change in SMTC interval). At this time, since the MG interval has not changed (MGRP remains at 40ms), an MG that does not overlap with SMTC may occur. Consequently, a situation may arise where the terminal is unable to perform both measurement and data transmission / reception during that non-overlapping MG.

[0260] In this specification, a method may be proposed to address the problem of satisfying measurement requirements when the period of an SSB is dynamically changed (SSB adaptation or on-demand SSB). The measurement may be applied not only to gap-with intra-frequency measurements but also to other measurements. For example, the same method may be applied to the requirements of gap-with inter-frequency measurements.

[0261] 2. MG adjustment (adaptation)

[0262] To solve the aforementioned problems, the MG can be adjusted.

[0263] The aforementioned problem can be seen as arising from the fact that the period of the SMTC changes but the period of the MG (measurement gap) does not change. If the MG setting can be changed via dynamic signaling as the SMTC changes, the problem can be resolved.

[0264] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0265] FIG. 13 shows an example of MG adjustment according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0266] Figure 13 shows a block diagram of a terminal performing MG adjustment.

[0267] 1) Step 101

[0268] The terminal can receive RRC signaling including the setting of SSB adjustment or the setting of OD-SSB.

[0269] The terminal can receive RRC signaling including settings for MG adjustment.

[0270] 2) Step 102

[0271] The terminal can receive instructions for SSB coordination or instructions for OD-SSB activation via DCI or MAC-CE. Based on this, the period during which the SSB is transmitted may be changed.

[0272] The terminal may receive instructions for MG coordination via DCI or MAC-CE. The instructions here may be transmitted via signaling different from instructions for SSB coordination or OD-SSB activation instructions. Based on this, the period of the MG (MGRP) (or the length of the MG) may be changed.

[0273] The terminal can receive instructions for MG adjustment. Based on the MG adjustment settings and instructions for MG adjustment in Step 101, the terminal can change the period of the MG (or the length of the MG) (or the pattern of the MG).

[0274] The period of the changed MG (MGRP) (or length of the MG) (or pattern of the MG) may be based on SSB adjustment or OD-SSB.

[0275] The timing (and / or period) at which the terminal receives an SSB (including the OD-SSB in the case of an OD-SSB) may be changed by SSB adjustment or OD-SSB. As described above, the changed MG may include both the timing of receiving the changed SSB (the timing of receiving the SSB according to the changed period if the period is changed) (in the case of an OD-SSB, the timing of receiving the terminal for both the OD-SSB and the entire existing SSB).

[0276] 3) Step 103

[0277] The terminal can measure the SSB in the MG with the modified MGRP. Through this, the requirements for measurement (e.g., intra-frequency measurement with gap) can be met.

[0278] According to the disclosure of this specification, the terminal may receive a signaling (e.g., MG adjustment instruction) that changes the MG period to MAC-CE or DCI. Based on this, the terminal may perform a measurement operation within the MG with the changed setting value.

[0279] The terminal receives signaling (e.g., MG adjustment instruction), and after a set preparation time (e.g., HARQ-ACK feedback +3ms or X ms), the changed setting may be applied.

[0280] Signaling that changes the MG cycle through MAC-CE or DCI (e.g., MG adjustment instruction) may include at least one of the following information.

[0281] - Alt 1: Includes an MGRP with changed signaling. In this case, the terminal may change the MGRP of the MG used to detect the SSB with changed period (for the changed SMTC) to the said changed MGRP.

[0282] - Alt 2: Signaling includes an MG pattern ID (Measurement gap pattern ID). In this case, the terminal can perform adjustment of the MGRP in the MG pattern ID.

[0283] - Alt 3: When signaling includes measGapId, the terminal can apply MG adjustments to GapConfig and MGRP, which are sub-configurations associated with measGapId.

[0284] 3. Autonomous measurement gap (MG)

[0285] The terminal can autonomously enable / disable some occasions of the MG.

[0286] Without directly changing the period of the MG (measurement gap), the terminal can autonomously perform measurements by partially activating the MG according to SSB adjustment (changing the period of the SSB or SMTC).

[0287] (1) Procedure

[0288] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0289] FIG. 14 shows an example of an autonomous MG according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0290] Figure 14 shows a block diagram of a terminal performing an autonomous MG.

[0291] 1) step 201

[0292] The terminal can receive RRC signaling including the setting of SSB adjustment or the setting of OD-SSB.

[0293] The terminal can receive RRC signaling that includes the settings of an autonomous MG. Based on this, the terminal can autonomously set / activate additional MGs to perform measurements. For example, even without receiving an MG adjustment instruction, the terminal can adjust the MG based on the settings of the autonomous MG to perform measurements.

[0294] 2) step 202

[0295] The terminal can receive instructions for SSB coordination or instructions for OD-SSB activation via DCI or MAC-CE. Based on this, the period during which the SSB is transmitted may be changed.

[0296] 3) Step 203

[0297] Depending on the SSB adjustment (change in the cycle of SSB or SMTC), at an SSB or SMTC occasion that does not overlap with the MG (e.g., previously set MG), the terminal can autonomously activate the MG to perform measurements. This method can be applied to case 1 of FIG. 12.

[0298] Additionally, depending on the SSB adjustment (change in the period of the SSB or SMTC), the terminal can disable an MG occlusion that does not overlap with the SSB (or SMTC). Based on this, the terminal can perform data transmission and reception instead of measurement in the corresponding MG occlusion (an MG occlusion that does not overlap with the SSB (or SMTC)). This method can be applied to case 2 of FIG. 12.

[0299] In step 203, at least one of the first method or the second method described below may be performed.

[0300] (2) Method 1

[0301] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0302] FIG. 15 illustrates an example of a first method of an autonomous MG according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0303] The terminal can enable / disable MG occupancy that overlaps with / does not overlap with the SSB (or SMTC) in the configured MG (e.g., existing configured MG).

[0304] Before an SSB coordination instruction (e.g., when the terminal receives a signal of an SSB coordination instruction) (e.g., an SMTC period of 160 ms and an MGRP of 40 ms), the terminal can perform a measurement by activating an MG coordination that overlaps with the SSB (or SMTC).

[0305] Before an SSB coordination instruction (e.g., when the terminal receives a signal of an SSB coordination instruction) (e.g., an SMTC period of 160 ms and an MGRP of 40 ms), the terminal may disable an MG occlusion that does not overlap with the SSB (or SMTC). The terminal may perform data transmission and reception instead of measurement during the disabled MG occlusion.

[0306] After an SSB adjustment instruction (e.g., the terminal receives a signal of an SSB adjustment instruction), the terminal can perform a measurement by activating an MG OK that overlaps with the SSB (or SMTC).

[0307] After an SSB coordination instruction (e.g., the terminal receives a signal of an SSB coordination instruction), the terminal may disable an MG occupancy that does not overlap with the SSB (or SMTC). The terminal may perform data transmission and reception instead of measurement in the disabled MG occupancy.

[0308] (3) Second method

[0309] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0310] FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a second method of an autonomous MG according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0311] The terminal can apply existing MG settings.

[0312] If MG is required in SMTC, the terminal can autonomously activate MG.

[0313] Conversely, the terminal can disable MG OKS that do not include SMTC through SSB adjustment.

[0314] The length of the activated MG (measurement gap length) may include at least the SMTC length.

[0315] The measurement gap length of the activated MG may include the SMTC length, the RF retuning time before SMTC start (e.g., 0.5ms), and the RF retuning time after SMTC end (e.g., 0.5ms).

[0316] Before the SSB adjustment instruction, the terminal can perform measurements by applying the existing MG.

[0317] If an additional MG is required (e.g., if there is an SMTC not included in the MG after an SSB adjustment instruction), the terminal can activate an MG OK that includes the SMTC (an SMTC not included in the MG).

[0318] The terminal can resolve the problem through an additional MG without changing the existing MG settings (e.g., MGRP).

[0319] II. Second Example

[0320] The terminal can perform measurement operations such as intra-frequency, inter-frequency, and inter-RAT within the MG. During the MG period, the terminal may not be required to perform transmission / reception with the corresponding serving cell.

[0321] Conventional 5G systems can independently support various gaps such as Pre-configured Measurement Gap (MG), Concurrent Measurement Gap (MG), Network Configured Small Gap, MUSIM Gap, Positioning Gap, and XR Gap Cancellation as releases continue to evolve. In the future, 6G requires the support of a single integrated gap structure to support gaps evolved from 5G and various services (e.g., NTN, positioning, MUSIM, XR).

[0322] 1. MG Configuration (Measurement gap Configuration)

[0323] The terminal can receive a setting of an MG list (Measurement gap list) (MG list, 101). The setting of the MG list may include one or more MG settings.

[0324] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0325] FIG. 17 shows a first example of an MG list according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0326] The MG list configured for the terminal may include up to N MGconfigs (102).

[0327] The terminal can enable or disable one or more MGconfigs via signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC-CE / DCI).

[0328] To limit the number of active MGs, the total number of active MGconfigs may be limited. For example, the number of active MGconfigs is a maximum value (N Activated_MG Cannot exceed )

[0329] MGconfig (102) may include at least one of the following information:

[0330] - GAP_ID: May represent the unique ID of the MG.

[0331] - GAP_type: Can indicate the frequency range to which MG applies. (e.g., perUE, perFR1, perFR2)

[0332] - GAP_usage: May refer to measurement operations to be performed by the terminal within the MG interval. (e.g., Measurement, NTN, MUSIM, Positioning, MRSS)

[0333] - MGL (Measurement gap length): Can refer to the length of MG.

[0334] - MGRP (Measurement gap repetition period): Can represent the period of MG. If MGRP has a value of 0, it may represent aperiodic MG.

[0335] - MGTA: May refer to MG's TA (Measurement gap timing advance).

[0336] - GAP sharing: May refer to the ratio of multiple measurement operations to be performed by the terminal within the GAP interval.

[0337] - GAP priority: This may refer to the priority of the GAP when multiple GAP segments overlap or when multiple GAP segments are adjacent within a certain period of time.

[0338] - NCSG (Network controlled small gap): If configured, the terminal may mean that the MG operates as an NCSG.

[0339] If GAP_usage is set in MGconfig (where MGconfig includes GAP_usage), the terminal may be required to perform a measurement operation for a service (e.g., measurement type / target, etc.) directed to the MG.

[0340] For example, if 'Measurement' is indicated / set through GAP_usage, in the MG interval, the terminal can perform measurement (intra-frequency measurement, inter-frequency measurement, or inter-RAT measurement) operations on the serving cell / neighboring cell.

[0341] For example, if 'MUSIM' is indicated / configured through GAP_usage, the terminal can perform measurement operations such as cell identification and paging monitoring of the target network during the MG period.

[0342] The above GAP_sharing may refer to the ratio of gap sharing between intra-frequency measurements, inter-frequency measurements, or L1 measurements. For example, if 40% of intra-frequency measurements and 60% of inter-frequency measurements are set, the terminal may perform intra-frequency measurements at 40% of the corresponding MG and inter-frequency measurements at 60% of the corresponding MG. For example, the terminal may receive an MG setting that includes GAP_sharing. Based on the ratio of gap sharing included in GAP_sharing, the terminal may perform each measurement in the MG.

[0343] The above GAP_sharing can be applied to the measurement period as a carrier-specific scaling factor.

[0344] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0345] FIG. 18 shows a second example of an MG list according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0346] Figure 18 shows an example where GAP sharing is commonly applied to MGconfig.

[0347] The elements of 201 and 202 can be the same as 101 and 102.

[0348] The terminal can be configured with GAP_shraing (203) that is commonly applied to MGconfig. GAP_shraing (203) can be composed of 204. GAP_shraing (203) can be configured with one or more GAP_usage.

[0349] If multiple GAP_usage are configured, MeasGapSharingScheme can be configured.

[0350] Through the MeasGapSharingScheme, the terminal can determine the proportion of measurement operations (e.g., inter-frequency measurement, measurement for NTN satellite, MUSIM-based measurement, intra-frequency measurement) in the active MG interval.

[0351] For example, if 'Measurement' and 'MUSIM' are indicated / configured and GAP_sharing is equally split, the terminal can use half of the entire MG interval for 'Measurement' and half of the entire MG interval for 'MUSIM'.

[0352] For example, when 'Measurement' is indicated / set and gap sharing of intra-frequency and inter-frequency is required, the terminal may be required to share with a conditional probability in the portion occupied by 'Measurement'.

[0353] For example, when 'Measurement' and 'MUSIM' are indicated / configured, when 'Measurement' requires gap sharing for intra-frequency and inter-frequency, and when the gap sharing is equally divided, the occupancy ratio of each item in the total MG may be as follows:

[0354] - {Measurement-intra-frequency, Measurement-inter-frequency, MUSIM}={25%, 25%, 50%}

[0355] The above GAP_sharing can be applied to the measurement period as a carrier-specific scaling factor.

[0356] The details regarding the MG configuration in this section will be described later.

[0357] The terminal can set the default MGconfig.

[0358] If the MG list is not set or if all MGconfigs in the MG list are disabled, the terminal can fall back to the default MGconfig.

[0359] If MGconfig in the MG list is enabled, the default MGconfig can be disabled.

[0360] Alternatively, if an MGconfig within the MG list is enabled, the default MGconfig and the enabled MGconfig can be used in combination.

[0361] When multiple MG configurations are active and MG sections overlap, the terminal can determine the priority of the MG sections according to the MG collision rule.

[0362] MG sections with low priority can be dropped.

[0363] The MG collision rules can be as follows:

[0364] - If GAP_priority is set, a higher priority MG can take precedence over a lower priority MG.

[0365] - If GAP_priority is not set and the MGLs of overlapping MGs are different, the MG with the longer MGL may take precedence over the MG with the shorter MGL.

[0366] - If GAP_priority is not set and the MGLs of overlapping MGs are the same, the MG with the lower GAP_ID may have priority over the MG with the higher GAP_ID.

[0367] 2. Dynamic Enable / Disable of MG

[0368] (1) Activation / deactivation via signaling

[0369] The terminal can enable or disable one or more MGconfigs by signaling (e.g., RRC / MAC-CE / DCI).

[0370] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0371] FIG. 19 illustrates an example of dynamic activation and deactivation of MG according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0372] The terminal can receive an enable / disable instruction. Based on this, the terminal can enable / disable MGconfig.

[0373] In FIG. 19a, the terminal may receive an activation instruction for MGconfig#1. Based on this, the terminal may perform a measurement operation during the corresponding MG section. During the corresponding MG section, the terminal may not be required to transmit or receive (e.g., data transmission or reception) with the serving cell.

[0374] In FIG. 19a, thereafter, the terminal may receive a deactivation instruction for MGconfig#1. The terminal may deactivate the corresponding MG section. Based on this, the terminal may perform transmission and reception (e.g., data transmission and reception) with the serving cell.

[0375] In Fig. 19b, an activation timer may be set on the terminal. In this case, when the terminal receives an activation instruction for MGconfig#1, the terminal can activate MGconfig#1 and start the activation timer. Until the activation timer expires, the terminal can perform measurements in the MG interval corresponding to MGconfig#1. When the activation timer expires, the terminal can deactivate MGconfig#1. The terminal can perform transmission and reception (e.g., data transmission and reception) with the serving cell.

[0376] The above activation timer can be set as a common parameter. Alternatively, the above activation timer can be set differently for each MGconfig via RRC.

[0377] Gap-related measurements may be required only within the active MG interval. Gap-related measurements may not be required in the inactive MG interval.

[0378] (2) Counting method

[0379] The number of active MGconfigs is the maximum value (N Activated_MG It can be restricted to ). N Activated_MG can be the maximum value of the active MGconfig. N Activated_MG It is defined in the standard or the network can be configured as RRC.

[0380] The terminal can count / determine the number of activated MGconfigs.

[0381] The terminal can perform measurement operations in the MG section within the total number of activated MGconfigs.

[0382] When the terminal receives an MGconfig activation instruction, and the number of MGconfigs activated due to the activation instruction is a maximum value (N Activated_MG If it exceeds ), the terminal may ignore the activation instruction. Or the terminal may not comply with the requirements of the activation instruction.

[0383] Therefore, regarding MGconfig activation, the method for counting activated MGconfigs will be described later.

[0384] In 6G, the synchronization signal (SS) can change its period dynamically. In this case, it may be necessary to dynamically change the MG period (or MGL) to measure the SS. Therefore, an exceptional rule to count the number of enabled MGconfigs may be required for MGRP / MGL updates.

[0385] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the following cases may occur:

[0386] - When the 1st MGconfig is activated first, and subsequently the terminal receives an activation instruction for the 2nd MGconfig

[0387] - If the 1st MGconfig and the 2nd MGconfig share at least one of the same MG_type, MG_usage, or MGTA,

[0388] If both of the above two cases apply, at least one of the first and second examples described below may be applied.

[0389] The first and second examples described below are not exclusive and can be performed in combination.

[0390] 1) First example

[0391] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0392] FIG. 20 illustrates a first example of an activation and deactivation instruction according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0393] When the last activation instruction is given to the terminal, the terminal can activate the MG corresponding to the instruction and deactivate the previously activated MG.

[0394] For example, it will be described later in chronological order.

[0395] MG(Mgconfig#1) may be enabled.

[0396] The terminal can receive an activation instruction for Mgconfig#2. Based on this, Mgconfig#1 can be disabled and Mgconfig#2 can be enabled.

[0397] After this, the terminal may receive an activation instruction for Mgconfig#1. Based on this, Mgconfig#2 may be disabled and Mgconfig#1 may be enabled.

[0398] The number of MGconfig enabled items can be counted up to 1.

[0399] Only one MGconfig can be enabled by the activation instruction.

[0400] For example, if one MGconfig is enabled and there is a new enable instruction, only the MGconfig corresponding to the new enable instruction can be enabled.

[0401] 2) Second example

[0402] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0403] FIG. 21 illustrates a second example of an activation and deactivation instruction according to the disclosure of the present specification.

[0404] Both Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2 are enabled, but only 1 MGconfig enabled count can be counted.

[0405] For example, in the MG section corresponding to the combination of Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2, the terminal can perform a measurement.

[0406] Figure 21A is the case where Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2 overlap, and Figure 21B is the case where Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2 do not overlap.

[0407] 2)-1. A

[0408] The terminal can receive an instruction to enable Mgconfig#2. In this case, the terminal can perform measurements in the MG interval corresponding to the combination of Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2.

[0409] In the interval from the time of receiving the Mgconfig#2 enable instruction to the time of receiving the Mgconfig#2 disable instruction, MGRP may be the length of the combined MG of Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2.

[0410] The terminal may receive a command to disable Mgconfig#2. In this case, Mgconfig#2 may be disabled. Based on this, the terminal may perform measurements in the MG section corresponding to MGconfig#1.

[0411] 2)-2. B

[0412] The terminal can receive an instruction to enable Mgconfig#2. In this case, the terminal can perform measurements in the MG interval corresponding to the combination of Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2.

[0413] In the interval from the time of receiving the Mgconfig#2 enable instruction to the time of receiving the Mgconfig#2 disable instruction, Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2 do not overlap, so the MG corresponding to the combination of Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2 may be non-periodic.

[0414] The terminal may receive a command to disable Mgconfig#2. In this case, Mgconfig#2 may be disabled. Based on this, the terminal may perform measurements in the MG section corresponding to MGconfig#1.

[0415] When there are multiple activated Mgconfigs, the multiple activated Mgconfigs may overlap each other (e.g., the interval from the time of receiving the Mgconfig#2 activation instruction to the time of receiving the Mgconfig#2 deactivation instruction in A of FIG. 21). This case will be described later.

[0416] The Mgconfig specified later may take precedence. Alternatively, the priority may be determined based on the aforementioned MG conflict rules.

[0417] If Mgconfig#1 and Mgconfig#2 overlap, the following actions may be performed:

[0418] - If GAP_priority is set, the priority can be determined based on it.

[0419] - If GAP_priority is not set, a Mgconfig with a longer MGL may take precedence over a Mgconfig with a shorter MGL.

[0420] - If GAP_priority is not set and the MGLs are the same, the Mgconfig with the lower GAP_ID may take precedence over the Mgconfig with the higher GAP_ID.

[0421] In the MG corresponding to the priority (high priority) Mgconfig, the terminal can perform measurements.

[0422] MGs corresponding to Mgconfigs that are not prioritized (low priority) may be dropped. The terminal can perform data transmission and reception in that section.

[0423] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0424] FIG. 22 illustrates the procedure of the UE for the disclosure of the present specification.

[0425] 1. The UE (User Equipment) can receive configuration messages related to the SSB (Synchronization signal block).

[0426] The above SSB-related setting message may include the setting of SSB adaptation or the setting and instruction of OD-SSB (Ondemand-SSB).

[0427] 2. The above UE can receive an MG (Measurement Gap) configuration.

[0428] The above MG setting may be based on the setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB.

[0429] 3. Based on the above MG settings, the UE can perform SSB measurements.

[0430] The setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB may include information related to the timing of the UE's SSB reception.

[0431] The MG interval based on the above MG setting may include the time of receiving the SSB of the above UE.

[0432] The above settings for SSB adjustment may include changing the period of the SSB.

[0433] The period of the MG interval based on the above MG setting may be based on the period of the above changed SSB.

[0434] Before the above UE receives the above MG setting, the UE may have an existing MG setting set.

[0435] The above MG settings may be settings changed from the existing MG settings.

[0436] The above UE can activate a new MG section.

[0437] The above UE can skip the step of receiving the MG settings.

[0438] The setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB may include information related to the timing of the UE's SSB reception.

[0439] The above new MG interval may include the time of the above UE's SSB reception.

[0440] The step of performing the measurement of the above SSB can be performed in the above new MG section.

[0441] The above MG settings may include information on multiple MGs.

[0442] The above MG settings may include information related to the measurement target and ratio for each of the plurality of MGs.

[0443] The above MG settings may include priority information for each of the plurality of MGs.

[0444] Based on the above MG settings, the UE can activate the first MG.

[0445] The above MG setting may include an activation instruction for the first MG.

[0446] The measurement of the above SSB can be performed in the above 1 MG.

[0447] The above UE can receive an activation instruction for the second MG.

[0448] Based on the activation instruction of the second MG, the UE can deactivate the first MG.

[0449] Based on the activation instruction of the second MG, the UE can activate the second MG.

[0450] The above UE can perform measurements in the above 2 MG.

[0451] The above UE can receive an activation instruction for the second MG.

[0452] Based on the activation instruction of the second MG, the UE can activate the second MG.

[0453] Based on the activation instruction of the second MG, the UE can perform measurements in the first MG and the second MG.

[0454] The above UE can receive a deactivation instruction of the above 2 MG.

[0455] Based on the deactivation instruction of the second MG, the UE can deactivate the second MG.

[0456] Based on the deactivation instruction of the second MG, the UE can perform the first MG measurement.

[0457] The above MG settings may include information related to the first measurement, the second measurement, and gap sharing.

[0458] The information related to the gap sharing above may include ratio information of the first measurement and the second measurement.

[0459] Based on the ratio information of the first measurement and the second measurement, the UE can perform the first measurement and the second measurement.

[0460] The above UE can determine the number of activated MGs.

[0461] The above UE can receive an activation instruction for a specific MG.

[0462] Based on the activation instruction of the specific MG mentioned above, the UE can activate the specific MG.

[0463] Based on the number of activated MGs exceeding a threshold, the UE may skip activating the specific MG.

[0464] The following drawings are prepared to illustrate a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices or specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented as examples, and therefore the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0465] FIG. 23 illustrates the procedure of a network for the disclosure of the present specification.

[0466] 1. The network can send SSB-related configuration messages to the UE.

[0467] The above SSB-related setting message may include the setting of SSB adjustment or the setting and instruction of OD-SSB.

[0468] 2. The above network can transmit MG settings to the UE.

[0469] The above MG setting may be based on the setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB.

[0470] 3. The above network may transmit an SSB based on the settings of the above SSB adjustment or the settings of the above OD-SSB.

[0471] The setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB may include information related to the timing of the UE's SSB reception.

[0472] The MG interval based on the above MG setting may include the time of receiving the SSB of the above UE.

[0473] The above settings for SSB adjustment may include changing the period of the SSB.

[0474] The period of the MG interval based on the above MG setting may be based on the period of the above changed SSB.

[0475] The above MG settings may include information on multiple MGs.

[0476] The above MG settings may include information related to the measurement target and ratio for each of the plurality of MGs.

[0477] The above MG settings may include priority information for each of the plurality of MGs.

[0478] Hereinafter, a device for performing communication according to some embodiments of the present specification will be described.

[0479] For example, the device may include a processor, a transceiver, and memory.

[0480] For example, the processor can be configured to be operablely coupled with memory and the processor.

[0481] The operation performed by the above processor may include: a step in which a UE (User Equipment) receives a configuration message related to an SSB (Synchronization signal block); a step in which the UE receives a configuration of a Measurement Gap (MG), wherein the SSB configuration message includes a configuration and instruction for an SSB adaptation or an OD-SSB (On-demand-SSB); and a step in which the UE performs a measurement of the SSB based on the configuration of the SSB adaptation or the configuration of the OD-SSB based on the MG configuration.

[0482] Hereinafter, a processor of a device for providing communication according to some embodiments of the present specification will be described.

[0483] The operation performed by the above processor may include: a step in which a UE (User Equipment) receives a configuration message related to an SSB (Synchronization signal block); a step in which the UE receives a configuration of a Measurement Gap (MG), wherein the SSB configuration message includes a configuration and instruction for an SSB adaptation or an OD-SSB (On-demand-SSB); and a step in which the UE performs a measurement of the SSB based on the configuration of the SSB adaptation or the configuration of the OD-SSB based on the MG configuration.

[0484] Hereinafter, a non-volatile computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions for providing mobile communication according to some embodiments of the present specification will be described.

[0485] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the technical features of the present disclosure may be directly implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, or a combination of both. For example, a method performed by a wireless device in wireless communication may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. For example, software may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or other storage media.

[0486] In some examples, storage media are coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage media. Alternatively, the storage media can be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage media can reside in an ASIC. In other examples, the processor and storage media can reside as separate components.

[0487] Computer-readable media may include tangible and non-volatile computer-readable storage media.

[0488] For example, non-volatile computer-readable media may include RAM (Random Access Memory) such as SDRAM (Synchronization Dynamic Random Access Memory), ROM (Read-Only Memory), and NVRAM (Non-Volatile Random Access Memory); read-only memory (EEPROM); flash memory; magnetic or optical data storage media; or other media that can be used to store instructions or data structures. Non-volatile computer-readable media may also include combinations of the above.

[0489] Additionally, the method described herein may be realized at least partially by a computer-readable communication medium that transmits or transmits code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed, read, and / or executed by a computer.

[0490] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transient computer-readable medium stores one or more instructions thereon. The stored one or more instructions can be executed by a processor of a base station.

[0491] One or more stored commands may include the step of a UE (User Equipment) receiving a Synchronization Signal Block (SSB) related configuration message; the SSB related configuration message includes a configuration of SSB adaptation or an OD-SSB (On-demand-SSB) configuration and instructions, and the UE receiving a Measurement Gap (MG) configuration; and the MG configuration is based on the SSB adaptation configuration or the OD-SSB configuration, and based on the MG configuration, the UE performing a measurement of the SSB.

[0492] Specifications can have various effects.

[0493] For example, measurements based on SSB adaptation or OD-SSB may be performed.

[0494] For example, the operation of terminals for multiple MGs is defined.

[0495] The effects obtainable through the specific examples of this specification are not limited to those listed above. For example, there may be various technical effects that a person with ordinary skill in the related art can understand or derive from this specification. Accordingly, the specific effects of this specification are not limited to those explicitly described herein, but may include various effects that can be understood or derived from the technical features of this specification.

[0496] The claims described in this specification may be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features of the method claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method. Furthermore, the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a device, and the technical features of the method claims and the technical features of the device claims in this specification may be combined to be implemented as a method. Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

1. As a method, A step in which the UE (User Equipment) receives a configuration message related to the SSB (Synchronization signal block); The above SSB-related setting message includes the setting of SSB adaptation or the setting and instruction of OD-SSB (Ondemand-SSB), and The step of the above UE receiving an MG (Measurement Gap) configuration; and The above MG setting is based on the setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB, and A method comprising the step of the UE performing a measurement of the SSB based on the above MG settings.

2. In Paragraph 1, The setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB includes information related to the time of SSB reception by the UE, and A method in which the MG interval according to the above MG setting includes the time of receiving the SSB of the above UE.

3. In Paragraph 1 or 2, The above SSB adjustment settings include changing the SSB period, and The period of the MG interval based on the above MG setting is a method based on the period of the above-mentioned changed SSB.

4. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 3, Before the above UE receives the above MG setting, the UE has an existing MG setting set, and The above MG setting is a method in which the setting is changed from the existing MG setting.

5. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 4, The above UE further includes a step of activating a new MG section, and The above UE skips the step of receiving the MG settings, and The setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB includes information related to the time of SSB reception by the UE, and The above new MG interval includes the time of the SSB reception by the UE, and The step of performing the measurement of the above SSB is: a method performed in the above new MG interval.

6. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 5, The above MG settings include information on multiple MGs, and The above MG setting includes information related to the measurement target and ratio for each of the plurality of MGs, and The above MG setting is a method that includes priority information for each of the plurality of MGs.

7. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 6, Based on the above MG settings, the UE activates the first MG; The above MG setting includes an activation instruction for the first MG, and The measurement of the above SSB is performed in the above first MG.

8. In Paragraph 7, The step of the above UE receiving an activation instruction of the second MG; A step in which the UE deactivates the first MG based on the activation instruction of the second MG; A step in which the UE activates the second MG based on the activation instruction of the second MG; and A method further comprising the step of the above UE performing a measurement in the above second MG.

9. In Paragraph 7, The step of the above UE receiving an activation instruction of the second MG; A step in which the UE activates the second MG based on the activation instruction of the second MG; and A method further comprising the step of the UE performing measurements at the first MG and the second MG based on the activation instruction of the second MG.

10. In Paragraph 8, The step of the UE receiving a deactivation instruction of the second MG; A step in which the UE disables the second MG based on the instruction to disable the second MG; and A method further comprising the step of the UE performing the first MG measurement based on the deactivation instruction of the second MG.

11. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 10, The above MG setting includes information related to the first measurement, the second measurement, and gap sharing, and The information related to the gap sharing above includes ratio information of the first measurement and the second measurement, and A method further comprising the step of the UE performing the first measurement and the second measurement based on ratio information of the first measurement and the second measurement.

12. In any one of paragraphs 1 through 11, A step of determining the number of MGs in which the above UE is activated; The step of the above UE receiving an activation instruction for a specific MG; and Based on the activation instruction of the specific MG, the UE further includes the step of activating the specific MG, and A method for the UE to skip activating a specific MG based on the number of activated MGs exceeding a threshold.

13. As a method, A step in which the network sends an SSB-related configuration message to the UE; The above SSB-related setting message includes settings for SSB adjustment or settings and instructions for OD-SSB, and The step of the above network transmitting MG settings to the UE; and The above MG setting is based on the setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB, and A method comprising the step of the network transmitting an SSB based on the setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB.

14. In Paragraph 13, The setting of the above SSB adjustment or the setting of the above OD-SSB includes information related to the time of SSB reception by the UE, and A method in which the MG interval according to the above MG setting includes the time of receiving the SSB of the above UE.

15. In Paragraph 13 or 14, The above SSB adjustment settings include changing the SSB period, and The period of the MG interval based on the above MG setting is a method based on the period of the above-mentioned changed SSB.

16. In any one of paragraphs 13 through 15, The above MG settings include information on multiple MGs, and The above MG setting includes information related to the measurement target and ratio for each of the plurality of MGs, and The above MG setting is a method that includes priority information for each of the plurality of MGs. As 17.UE, At least one memory; and At least one processor operablely connectable to the above at least one memory, The above at least one memory is a UE in which the operation performed by the at least one processor based on execution by the at least one processor is a method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

18. As a network, At least one memory; and At least one processor operablely connectable to the above at least one memory, The above at least one memory is a network in which the operation performed by the at least one processor based on execution by the at least one processor is a method according to any one of claims 13 to 16.

19. As an apparatus in mobile communication, At least one processor; and It includes at least one memory that stores instructions and is operablely electrically connected to at least one processor, and A device in which the operation performed based on the execution of the above instruction by the at least one processor is a method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

20. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that records instructions, A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium in which, when the above instructions are executed by one or more processors, the operation that causes the one or more processors to perform is a method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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