Fire-resistant glass

Abstract

Fire-resistant glass consists of at least two glass panes (1,2). Between each two adjacent glass panes there are spacers (3), internal (4) and external (5) seals, and a fire-resistant insert (6) enclosed between the seals and glass panes. The spacers (3) maintain a constant distance between the glass panes (1,2) of between 2 mm and 8 mm, whereby the spacers (3) are geometric solids, preferably spheres or cylinders or pyramids or cubes, made in particular of thermoplastic plastic, ceramic, chemically curable resin or a chemically curable resin composite with any filler. Spacers (3) are arranged at regular intervals, partly inside the inner seal layer (4) on its outer circumference and partly inside the outer seal layer (5) on its inner circumference.

Description

[0001] Fire-resistant glass

[0002] The subject of the invention is a multi-layer, fire-resistant glass used in construction for protection against the spread of fire.

[0003] Multi-layer (laminated) fire-resistant glass has long been successfully used to protect critical areas against the spread of fire. The structural solutions differ in the type of materials used to seal the internal space, the design of the spacers that determine the distance between the panes, and the type of fire retardant used.

[0004] The PL240000 publication discloses a multi-layer fire-resistant glass comprising two panes of tempered glass with a spacer element between them, characterised in that: the spacer element consists of resin and fibreglass strips with a quadrilateral cross¬ section. with concave side walls and flat top, and bottom walls connected to the glass panes by butyl strips, which are connected to each other at the comers of the spacer element by a tongue-and-groove joint, and in addition, one of the strips has a filling hole sealed with butyl compound; the space between the panes inside the spacer element is filled with a degassed, hardened, transparent silica gel made from a mixture of an aqueous silica dispersion containing 30 to 60% by weight of silica and a potassium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 45 to 55%, in the following proportions: 76 to 80% of the aqueous silica dispersion and 20 to 24% of potassium hydroxide.

[0005] The publication of utility model application - W.129244 - describes a fire-resistant window pane containing two layers of tempered glass separated by a spacer frame, between which an intermediate hydrogel layer is stretched, contacting the inner surfaces of the tempered glass layers. A secondary seal is embedded between the layers of tempered glass and outside the spacer frame. The inner surfaces of the tempered glass layers facing the hydrogel intermediate layer are rough and matted, while the outer surfaces of the tempered glass layers are transparent and smooth.

[0006] Patent PL191666 describes a fire-resistant assembly containing glass comprising two glass layers connected along their edges by a spacer and containing a water-filled intermediate layer between the two panes. This spacer is made of silicone rubber. A cube made of thermally activated foam material is beneficially placed between the spacer and an adhesive sealing material serving as a peripheral seal.

[0007] Patent Pl.189365 describes a spacer insert for multi-pane insulating glazing with a body that has two parallel contact surfaces for the panes and one connecting both contact surfaces, with the gluing surface facing away from the interior of the glazing, wherein the body is made of glass fibre reinforced plastic. The spacer is distinguished by the fact that a metal foil is bonded over the entire bonding surface, and by selecting the proportion of glass fibre in the plastic of the body, the thermal expansion coefficient of the body and the metal foil can be made similar. The spacer guarantees exceptionally good sealing and a durable bond between the plastic spacer and the metal foil, as well as between the foil and the sealant between the panes.

[0008] Patent US5437902 discloses fire-resistant glass comprising:

[0009] (a)at least two panes of glass arranged parallel to and separated from each other, with the sides of the panes facing each other are treated with a silane coupling agent,

[0010] (b)a spacer placed between the glass panes at their edges by means of an adhesive, (c)a sealant adhered to the outer surface of the spacer, and,

[0011] (d) an aqueous gel filling the space formed by the glass panes and the spacer, wherein the aqueous gel comprises a cleaning agent of a specific (meta)acrylamide derivative, amolecular metal oxide, an aqueous medium and an antifreeze agent.

[0012] Patent application WO2011081396 discloses triple glazing using spacers made of heterogeneous materials. The triple multi-layer glazing comprises: a first TPS spacer frame for maintaining the space between the first glass facing the interior of the building and the third glass located in the middle; and a second TPS spacer frame to maintain the space between the third glass pane and the second glass pane functioning as the outer wall of the building, wherein the first TPS spacer frame and the second TPS spacer frame are made of heterogeneous materials in such a way that the first spacer frame, which has excellent thermal properties, serves to increase the insulation effect inside the building, and the second spacer frame, w'hich has enhanced load-bearing strength, serves to increase die building’s resistance to wind forces acting on its exterior.

[0013] The essence of the invention is that the fire-resistant glass consists of at least two glass panes (1, 2). Between each two adjacent glass panes there are spacers (3), internal (4) and external (5) seals, and a fire-resistant insert (6) enclosed between the seals and glass panes. The spacers (3) maintain a fixed distance between the glass panes (1, 2) of 2 mm to 8 mm, whereby the spacers (3) are geometric solids, preferably spheres or cylinders or pyramids or cubes, made in particular of thermoplastic plastic, ceramic, chemically curable resin or chemically curable resin composite with any filler. The spacers (3) are placed at regular intervals, partly inside the inner seal layer (4) on its outer circumference and partly inside the outer sealing layer on its inner circumference. It is advantageous when the spacing between the spacers is between 30 mm and 500 mm. It is also advantageous when the geometric shapes of the spacers are made of polypropylene with a Shore’s D hardness of between 50 and 90. The inner seal is made of a TPS (Thermoplastic Spacer) based material. The external seal is made of polysulphide polymer.

[0014] The glass in the glass panes can be tempered, laminated, tinted or ordinary, with athickness ranging from 3 mm to 19 mm.

[0015] The fire-resistant glass according to the invention is durable and inexpensive to manufacture. It can be used in public buildings such as schools, hospitals, shopping centres, residential and office buildings as glazing in windows and doors or as fire barriers, as well as in maritime transport and critical infrastructure on mining platforms, in tunnels, airports and railway stations. It can also be used on building facades, combining fire protection and aesthetic functions.

[0016] The subject of the invention is presented in the examples of implementation in the drawing, wherein Fig. 1 shows a view of the fire-resistant pane, Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the pane with a spherical or cylindrical spacer, Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of die pane with a cubic spacer, and Fig. 4 shows a cross-section of the pane.

[0017] Example I

[0018] The fire-resistant glass pane consists of two glass plates (1, 2). Between each two adjacent glass plates there are spacers (3), internal seals (4) and external seals (5), and a fire-resistant insert (6) enclosed between the seals and glass panes. The spacers (3) maintain a constant distance of 3 mm between the glass panes (1, 2), with the spacers (3) being 3 mm diameter balls made of polypropylene with a Shore D hardness of 70. The spacers (3) are placed at regular intervals, partly inside the 4 mm wide inner sealing layer (4) made of a TPS (Thermoplastic Spacer) material, on its outer circumference and partly inside the outer sealing layer, 6 mm wide, made of a TPS material.

[0019] TPS (Thermoplastic Spacer) material on its outer circumference and partly inside the outer sealing layer, 6 mm wide, made of poly sulphide polymer on its inner circumference. The spacing between the spacers is 50 mm.

[0020] Example IIThe fire-resistant glass pane consists of two glass panes (1, 2). Between each two adjacent glass panes there are spacers (3), internal (4) and external (5) seals, and a fire- resistant insert (6) enclosed between the seals and glass panes. The spacers (3) maintain a constant distance of 6 mm between the glass panes (1, 2), with the spacers (3) being 6 mm high tetrahedrons made of ceramic. The spacers (3) are placed at regular intervals, partly inside the 8 mm wide internal seal (4), made of a TPS (Thermoplastic Spacer) based material with the trade name MSD A Kodomelt CFN2, on its outer circumference and partly inside the outer sealing layer, 11 mm wide, made of a polysulphide polymer of the trade name SDS-THIOVER on its inner circumference. The spacing between the spacers is 400 mm.

[0021] Example III

[0022] The fire-resistant glass pane consists of two glass panes (1, 2). Between each two adjacent, glass panes there are spacers (3), internal (4) and external (5) seals, and a fire-resistant insert (6) enclosed between the seals and glass panes. The spacers (3) maintain a constant distance of 6 mm between the glass panes (1, 2), with the spacers (3) being cylinders with a diameter of 5 mm, made of epoxy resin composite. The spacers (3) are placed at regular intervals, partly inside the inner seal layer (4), with a width of 5 mm, made of a TPS (Thermoplastic Spacer) based material with the trade name MSDA Kodomelt CFN2, on its outer circumference and partly inside the outer sealing layer, with a width of 11 mm, made of a polysulphide polymer, commercially known as SDS-THIOVER, on its inner circumference. The spacing between the spacers is 200 mm.

[0023] Example IV

[0024] The fire-resistant glass pane consists of two glass panes (1, 2). Between each two adjacent glass panes there are spacers (3), internal (4) and external (5) seals, and a fire-resistant insert (6) enclosed between the seals and glass panes. The spacers (3) maintain a constant distance of 6 mm between the glass panes (1, 2), with the spacers (3) being cuboids 5 mm high, made of polypropylene with a Shore hardness of D 80. The spacers(3) are placed at regular intervals, partly inside the 5 mm wide inner seal layer (4), made of TPS-based material (Thermoplastic Spacer) with the trade name MSDA Kodomelt CFN2, on its outer circumference and partly inside the outer sealing layer, 11 mm wide, made of poly sulphide polymer, of the trade name SDS-THIOVER, on its inner circumference. The spacing between the spacers is 150 mm.

Claims

Claims1. Fire-resistant glass composed of at least two glass panes with spacers, internal and external seals and a fire-resistant insert between them, characterised in that the spacers (3) establi sh a fixed distance between the glass panes (1, 2) of between 2 mm and 8 mm, wherein the spacers (3) are geometric solids arranged at regular intervals, partly inside the inner seal layer (4) on its outer circumference and partly inside the outer seal layer (5) on its inner circumference, wherein the inner and outer seals are made of known materials.

2. A window pane according to claim 1, characterised in that the glass in the glass panes may be tempered, laminated, tinted or ordinary, with a thickness of between 3 mm to 19 mm.

3. The window' pane according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacers (3) are spheres.

4. The pane according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacers (3) are cylinders.

5. The pane according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacers (3) are pyramids.

6. A pane according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacers (3) are cubes.

7. The pane according to claim 1, characterised in that the spacers (3) are made of thermoplastic, ceramic, chemically curable resin or a composite of chemically curable resin with any filler.

8. A pane according to claim 7, characterised in that the thermoplastic material ispolypropylene with a Shore D hardness of 50 to 90.

9. The pane according to claim 1, characterised in that the distance between the spacers (3) is between 30 mm and 500 mm.

Images