Wedge assembly for fastening building structures

Abstract

A wedge assembly for fastening building structures relates to the field of construction and comprises a support flange in the form of a flat component having an axial opening for attachment to a vertical post and having alternating shaped slots for mounting a wedge for securing the assembly, a rectangular brace, and, attached to said brace, a wedge housing having lateral walls and a front wall and being equipped with upper guide elements and a transverse mounting slot in its central portion for connection to the support flange. The wedge housing is made of sheet metal having a thickness of from 3 to 6 mm and is in the form of a trapezium-shaped component with lateral walls shaped by folds in the sheet metal. The wedge is straight, widening toward the top and having a rounded support region at the bottom, the wedge being provided with a rectangular protuberance at the top and a means at the bottom for preventing the wedge from falling out of an assembly for connecting the wedge housing and the brace. The technical result consists in reducing the amount of metal required to make the wedge assembly, without detriment to the strength and load-bearing capacity of the structure, while at the same time reducing the cost of producing the main components of the wedge assembly.

Description

Wedge knot for fastening building structures.

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of construction and is intended for use in wedge scaffolding systems, various formwork systems (volumetric formwork for floors, tunnel formwork), structures of quickly erected buildings (support platforms, stages, stands, passages, overpasses), as well as other spatial systems.

[0002] A wedge joint for fastening building structures is known (patent RU 206700 U1, published 08 / 22 / 2022), including a rectangular horizontal beam fixed to the beam, a wedge body with side and middle walls and a straight wedge provided with a means for dropping the wedge out of the connection unit of the wedge body and the beam, a support flange mounted on a round vertical post and provided with grooves for installing the wedge body, wherein the beam with the wedge body and the wedge is inserted into the corresponding groove of the support flange, and the support flange, in turn, is made flat with an internal contour provided with a central hole for fastening to the post, the central wall of the wedge body is made figured with a vertically located bend passing through its center and with rounded transitions of the side walls into the central wall, while the height of the side walls of the wedge body is equal to the height of its central wall, and the lower part side walls of the wedge body from the side,facing the rectangular part of the crossbar, is provided with two cutouts that allow the wedge body with the wedge inserted into it to move freely in the groove of the flange, while in the support flange grooves are made that repeat the cross-section of the wedge body, in addition, the wedge body is provided in the horizontal plane with upper guide elements adjacent to the side walls of the body and bent inward, which fix the wedge in the working plane, and the central wall of the wedge body in the lower part is provided with a bulge directed towards the rectangular crossbar and serves as a support projection, while the wedge, in turn, is made of a complex shape with three wedging zones, characterized in that the wedge is made with the formation of a rectilinear support platform in the upper part of the wedge and beveled at an acute angle to the inner end surface of the lower support platform, with a complex geometric profile of the inner end surface,rounded towards the vertical post in its upper and middle parts, a support recess in its lower part and with a rectilinear contour of the outer end surface with the formation of a beak-shaped ledge along its center, which serves as a means for preventing the wedge from falling out of the connection unit of the wedge body and the crossbar, in addition, each lower part of the side walls of the wedge body is provided with a concave-rounded projection directed inward of the wedge body and located above the plane of the support projection in the form of a rectangular step in the central wall of the wedge body, wherein these concave-rounded projections form a gap between the side walls of the wedge body in width, exceeding by 6-10 mm the thickness of the inserted flat wedge, providing additional fixation of the direction of the wedge position.

[0003] The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low reliability of the wedge joint fastening, due to the shape of the wedge and the body, as well as the inability to connect more than 4 crossbars in the wedge joint and to assemble the structure with varying connection angles between the crossbars, due to the shape of the flange.

[0004] A known scaffold frame connector (patent RU 2408770 C1, published January 10, 2011) includes perforated disks welded to posts. These perforated disks are arranged concentrically with the posts and encircle the corresponding post around its entire circumference, like a flange. The perforated disks have several small and large openings, which are alternately spaced at equal angular distances from one another. These openings can therefore be used to suspend the connecting heads of horizontal and / or diagonal scaffolding connectors, respectively, in particular longitudinal and / or horizontal beams, as well as diagonal rods.Connecting heads have an upper and lower head with a corresponding wedge opening for insertion through these openings and through the openings of a corresponding disk with openings. This wedge is used to wedge the connecting head, which is provided with a slot between the upper and lower head and mounted on the disk with openings, onto the post. Connecting heads are usually individual structural components, i.e., several elements are connected to a corresponding rod-shaped connecting element by welding.

[0005] A disadvantage of the existing technical solution is the significant increase in structural weight due to the weight of the solid cast parts (connecting head) that have a closed four-sided surface with a wedge groove and an end surface with additional chamfers and guide projections for connection to the beam. Furthermore, a beam with a circular cross-section, compared to a rectangular beam, has a lower moment of inertia and, consequently, a lower load-bearing capacity despite its greater weight.

[0006] The closest in technical essence is a wedge mounting unit for building structures (patent RU 2805698 C1, published 10 / 23 / 2023), comprising a flange with flat surfaces, with a central hole for a post of a building structure and with diametrically opposite peripheral shaped alternating holes located along the outer edge of the flange, made with the possibility of installing a wedge fixing the unit and with the possibility of connecting with diagonal ties of the building structure, as well as a multi-faceted body installed at the edge of the peripheral hole and supported on the surface of the flange, having outer side faces and end surfaces located on opposite sides for mating with the post and with the crossbar of the building structure, and made with a through longitudinal groove for mating with a wedge inserted into the peripheral hole of the flange, characterized in that,that the housing, on the side of the end surface of the mating with the rack, is made with an installation transverse groove with flat sides, made with a depth selected from the condition of ensuring the implementation of its installation on the flat surfaces of the flange on the side of the outer edge of the latter, on the end surface of the housing for mating with the crossbar of the building structure, chamfers and guide projections are made, the flange is made with shaped holes for installing a wedge, having two radial and arcuate sides, alternating with shaped holes for connecting to the diagonal ties of the building structure, having two convexly curved lateral sides and two arcuate sides, the wedge is made in the form of a part of a trapezoidal prism, with rounded junctions of the lateral sides with its large base, and a partial annular element made integral with its smaller base. This solution was chosen as a prototype.

[0007] Another disadvantage of the prototype is the significant increase in the weight of the structure, due to the weight of solid parts made by casting or hot stamping, for example, the body of the wedge mounting unit, which has a closed four-sided surface with a groove for the wedge and an end surface with additional bevels and guide projections for connection with the crossbar, which significantly complicates the work during transportation and assembly of building structures and requires high costs in the manufacture of solid parts. Technical challenge

[0008] The objective of the utility model is to ensure ease of assembly, disassembly and transportation of wedge joint parts without loss of strength and load-bearing capacity of the structure by reducing the metal content of wedge joint parts.

[0009] The technical result of the claimed utility model consists in reducing the metal consumption of the wedge joint without loss of strength and load-bearing capacity of the structure, while simultaneously reducing the cost of production of the main elements of the wedge joint. Solution to the problem

[0010] The achievement of the technical result is ensured by the fact that the wedge unit for fastening building structures includes a support flange secured by a welded joint on a vertical post, made in the form of a flat part with an axial hole and alternating shaped grooves, evenly spaced around the circumference along the outer edge of the flange, for installing a wedge that fixes the unit, a rectangular crossbar, a wedge body secured to the crossbar by a welded joint with side and front walls, equipped with upper guide elements and a transverse installation groove in the central part for articulating the wedge body with the support flange, wherein the wedge body with the crossbar is connected to the corresponding groove of the support flange and fixed with a wedge.The wedge body is constructed from sheet metal in the form of a trapezoidal component with sidewalls formed by bends in the sheet metal, each with a concave, rounded projection at the bottom facing inward. The front wall is shaped with a vertical bend running through its center and rounded transitions into the sidewalls. The wedge is straight, widening toward the top and has a rounded lower support surface. It is equipped with a rectangular projection at the top and a means to prevent the wedge from falling out of the joint between the wedge body and the crossbar at the bottom.

[0011] The wedge body is made of sheet metal with a thickness of 3 to 6 mm. The support flange has a shaped outer contour. A bulge on the lower end surface of the wedge prevents the wedge from falling out of the joint between the wedge body and the bolt. The lower side walls of the wedge body are curved inward.

[0012] The utility model is illustrated by drawings: Figure 1

[0013] General view of the assembled wedge unit; Figure 2

[0014] wedge knot, side view; Figure 3

[0015] wedge body, side-top view; Figure 4

[0016] wedge body, rear view; Figure 5

[0017] wedge body, top view; Figure 6

[0018] wedge body, sectional view from below; Figure 7

[0019] wedge body, sectional view from above; Figure 8

[0020] flange, top view; Figure 9

[0021] wedge knot, top view in assembly; Figure 10

[0022] wedge, general appearance; Figure 11

[0023] wedge, side view; Figure 12

[0024] wedge body with installed wedge, side view; Figure 13

[0025] general view of the building structure using a wedge joint; Figure 14

[0026] laying racks with a flange with an external contour of a figured shape, top view; Figure 15

[0027] laying racks with a flange with an external contour of a shaped form, side view; Figure 16

[0028] wedge body with visually highlighted surfaces in contact with the rack; Figure 17

[0029] wedge body with a bend in the lower part, front-bottom view.

[0030] Positions on drawings:

[0031] 1 – crossbar:

[0032] 2 – body;

[0033] 3 – wedge;

[0034] 4 – flange;

[0035] 5 – stand;

[0036] 6 – groove;

[0037] 7 – groove;

[0038] 8 – hole;

[0039] 9 – front wall of the housing;

[0040] 10 – side wall of the body;

[0041] 11 – protrusion;

[0042] 12 – guide element;

[0043] 13 – side wall bend;

[0044] 14 – protrusion;

[0045] 15 – convexity;

[0046] 16 – bend.

[0047] A wedge assembly for fastening building structures comprises a beam 1, preferably of rectangular shape, a wedge body 2 secured to the beam 1 using a welded joint, a wedge 3, a support flange 4 secured to a round vertical post 5 using a welded joint and provided with grooves 6 and 7 for installing the wedge body 2 with the beam 1.

[0048] The support flange 4 is made in the form of a flat part with an external contour, preferably of a shaped form, with an axial hole 8 corresponding to the diameter of the vertical post 5. The flange 4 is provided with four grooves 6 with roundings repeating the cross-section of the wedge 3, and four grooves 7 of a trapezoidal shape. The grooves 6 and 7 are located on the flange 4 alternately at the same angular distance from each other and are made in such a way that the crossbars 1 installed in them are aligned at a right angle or parallel to each other, and the grooves 7 are made in such a way that the connection angles of the crossbars 1 installed in them can vary within ±150 from the central axis of the groove, and the crossbars 1 installed in adjacent grooves 6 and 7 can be positioned relative to each other at an angle of 30 0 up to 60 0 .

[0049] The body of the wedge 2 is made of sheet metal with a thickness of 3 to 6 mm in the form of a part with a front wall 9, side walls 10 of the same thickness, and upper guide elements 12 formed by bending the sheet metal. The body of the wedge 2 has a trapezoidal shape, expanding towards the front part and narrowing towards the rear part to the size and shape of the crossbar 1. To attach it to the crossbar, there is no need to make an end surface with additional bevels and guide projections for insertion into the hollow crossbar. The front wall 9 of the wedge body 2 is made shaped with a vertically located bend passing through its center and with rounded transitions of the side walls 10 into the front wall 9 and allows the wedge body 2 to fit tightly to the support 5. The side walls 10 are made with a transverse installation groove in the central part on the side of the connection with the support flange, ensuring the installation of the wedge body 2 on the surface of the flange 4 and fixation with the wedge 3 by installing it in the groove 6 or 7.The lower portion of the side walls 10 of wedge body 2, on the side facing the rectangular portion of crossbar 1, is provided with a concave-rounded projection 11 directed inward. Wedge body 2 is also provided with upper guide elements 12 in the form of ears for securing wedge 3 in the working plane. The sheet metal thickness, ranging from 3 to 6 mm, is selected based on the required technical characteristics of the overall structure and the design features of the assembly. A sheet thickness of less than 3 mm will not ensure the required structural strength, and a sheet thickness greater than 6 mm will not allow the wedge body to be formed to the required configuration by bending sheet metal, such as front wall 9.

[0050] Wedge 3 is straight and widens toward the top, thereby forming a wedging zone. Wedge 3 is designed to form a straight support surface at the top, with a rectilinear projection 14 serving as a locking device, and a rounded lower support surface. The lower portion of wedge 3 is provided with a rounded protrusion 15, formed in any manner on the end face and serving to prevent wedge 3 from falling out of the joint of body 2. Furthermore, the lower portion of wedge 3 is designed with a bend 16, serving to secure wedge 3 in the upper, idle position in a horizontal plane along crossbar 1 using upper guide elements 12 of body 2.

[0051] The projections 11 on the side walls 10 of the wedge body 2 are located above the bulge 15 of the wedge 3 and form a gap between the side walls 10 of the wedge body 2, the width of which exceeds by 5-10 mm the thickness of the inserted flat wedge 3, providing additional rigidity to the body 2 and fixing the direction of the position of the wedge 3. When manufacturing the wedge body from sheet metal with a thickness of 3-4 mm, the side walls can have a bend in the lower part in the form of wings to strengthen the side walls 10 and protect them from deformation when applying moments that arise during operation under increased load on the structure.

[0052] The wedge assembly for fastening building structures is assembled and operated as follows. Flange 4 with grooves 6 and 7 is welded to vertical post 5. Housing 2 is welded with two seams at the junction with the end of rectangular beam 1, positioned in the standard position (the vertical height of the beam cross-section exceeds its horizontal cross-section width). Wedge 3 is inserted between upper guide elements 12 into wedge housing 2 and is free to move within housing 2 and beam 1 from the upper to the lower position without falling out of place due to protrusion 15.

[0053] The wedge body 2 with the crossbar 1 is mounted on the groove 6 or 7 of the flange 4. When force is applied to the wedge 3 with a striking tool, it is lowered into the working position, with its upper wedging zone and projection 14 positioned between the middle wall 9 and the edge of the corresponding flange groove. The resulting support reaction forces press the wedge body 2 with the crossbar 1 against the vertical post 5 in the working position at a right angle. Due to the front wall 9, the body 2 has four surfaces in contact with the post 5, between which a concave section is located, allowing the wedge assembly to be securely fastened to the vertical support.

[0054] Reverse wedging of the assembly components is accomplished with a striking tool against wedge 3 from below. This eliminates the wedging forces. A small gap is created between wedge body 2 and flange groove 6 or 7, allowing the wedge connection to be disassembled. Convexity 15 at the bottom of wedge 3 prevents the wedge from falling out of body 2, simplifying assembly and disassembly. Bend 16 at the bottom of wedge 3 allows wedge 3 to be lowered horizontally along crossbar 1 in its upper, idle position, making the disassembled assembly more compact and reducing the risk of damage to the wedge during handling, loading, and transportation.

[0055] The presence of grooves of varying sizes and configurations in the flange allows for the connection of up to eight beams in a wedge joint and the assembly of building structures with horizontal straight and diagonal connections. Moreover, the angle between adjacent beams in a diagonal connection can vary from 30 0 up to 60 0 .

[0056] The flange is designed with a shaped or round outer contour. A flange with a shaped outer contour improves the ease of storage and transportation of building structures using a wedge joint by allowing for more compact stacking and preventing the posts from rolling in a horizontal position.

[0057] A wedge body made of sheet material is significantly lighter than a solid body molded by casting, forging, or hot stamping, which has similar functionality. The high rigidity of the wedge body of the claimed utility model is ensured by the presence of bends and corrugations, namely, a vertical bend on the front wall of the wedge body, concave-rounded projections between the side walls of the wedge body, and guide elements that create additional stiffening ribs. This reduces the metal consumption of the building structure without compromising its load-bearing capacity. The straight shape of the wedge with a rectilinear projection at the top and concave-rounded projections on the side walls of the wedge body allow for control of the wedge's lowering trajectory, simplifying handling and increasing the speed of assembly.Connecting the body 2 and the crossbar 1 in a straight line at the junction without additional guides allows for their connection to be simplified by welding with simple, low-cost automation and improves the quality of the welded joint.

[0058] The proposed wedge joint for building structures allows for a reduction in the metal content of the structure without loss of strength and load-bearing capacity, ensures ease of use with wedge joint elements, simplifies installation, and reduces the cost of production of the main wedge joint elements.

Claims

A wedge assembly for fastening building structures includes a support flange secured by a welded joint on a vertical post, made in the form of a flat part with an axial hole and alternating shaped grooves evenly spaced around the circumference along the outer edge of the flange for installing a wedge that secures the assembly, a rectangular crossbar secured to the crossbar by a welded joint, a wedge body with side and front walls, provided with upper guide elements and a transverse mounting groove in the central part for articulating the wedge body with the support flange, wherein the wedge body with the crossbar is connected to the corresponding groove of the support flange and secured with a wedge, characterized in that the wedge body is made of sheet metal in the form of a trapezoidal part with side walls formed by bending the sheet metal, provided in the lower part with concave-rounded projections directed inward of the body, the front wall,made in a figured form with a vertically located bend running along its center and with rounded transitions into the side walls, the wedge is made in a straight shape with an expansion towards the upper part and a rounded lower support platform, equipped with a rectangular protrusion in the upper part and a means for preventing the wedge from falling out of the connection unit of the wedge body and the crossbar in the lower part. A wedge unit according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the wedge body is made of sheet metal with a thickness of 3 to 6 mm. A wedge assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the support flange is made with a shaped outer contour. A wedge assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for preventing the wedge from falling out of the assembly connecting the wedge body and the crossbar is made in the form of a bulge on the lower end surface of the wedge. A wedge assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls of the wedge body in the lower part are made with a bend directed inward into the body.

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