Trigger mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to small arms manufactured on the Kalashnikov (AK) system platform, namely to trigger mechanisms with a mechanism for selecting the firing mode. A trigger mechanism comprises a trigger (1), a spring-loaded sear (2) and a trigger travel limiter (3), mounted on one pin, a trigger (4), a mainspring (5), a self-timer (6), a fire switch (7) and a fire switch sector (8) made with the possibility of partial rotation around its axis, which during rotation contacts the rear surface of the sear (2). The fire switch sector (8) is made h-shaped, contains a protrusion (9) for locking the trigger base and a stop surface (10). At least one groove (11) for fixing the stop surface (10) of the fire switch sector (8) is made on the rear surface of the sear (2) and is placed at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector (8). A flat spring-lock (12) is placed behind the sear (2) and made in the form of an s-shaped plate curved at an angle. The upper part of the flat spring-lock (12) contains U-shaped groove (13) for fixing the stop surface (10) of the fire switch sector (8) and its base contains a hole (14) for fastening the receiver using a fastening element. The invention allows to improve the reliability and ease of use of the firearm.

Description

[0001] IPC: F41A 17 / 00

[0002] F41A 19 / 00 TRIGGER MECHANISM

[0003] The invention relates to small arms manufactured on the Kalashnikov (AK) system platform, namely to trigger mechanisms with a mechanism for selecting the firing mode.

[0004] Firing of a firearm is usually controlled by a trigger mechanism. The trigger mechanism includes a trigger, which when pressed releases spring-loaded components that initiate the firing sequence. The trigger mechanism ensures the reliability of the automatics of the firearm, and the fire switch provides the selection of the firing mode and prevents the movement of the moving parts of the automatics of the weapon in a certain selected position.

[0005] A known trigger mechanism is described in patent US20170131054 “Trigger mechanism with momentary automatic safety” (Ke 15381732; application date 16.12.2016; publication: 11.05.2017, author: William H. Geissele; patent owner: WHG Properties, LLC), which has a trigger, a sear, a hammer, a mainspring, a fire switch and a fire switch sector, in which the fire switch sector is made in the form of a rotating element of a cylindrical shape made with corresponding cutouts and protrusions for interaction with other elements of the mechanism. When switching between fire modes, the fire switch sector rotates around its axis and in safety mode blocks the movement of the trigger mechanism, in semi-automatic mode ensures the functioning of the trigger mechanism in the “single fire” position, and in automatic mode, pressing the trigger activates automatic fire.

[0006] The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complex design of the mechanism and the impossibility of its use in weapons manufactured on the Kalashnikov (AK) system platform.The closest analogue, which is taken as a prototype for the proposed invention, is the trigger mechanism of the Kalashnikov AKS-74U assault rifle, which contains a trigger, a spring-loaded sear and a trigger travel limiter mounted on one pin, a trigger, a mainspring, a self-timer, a fire switch and a fire switch sector (See 5.45 mm Kalashnikov AK74, AKS74 and AKS74U assault rifles and 5.45 mm Kalashnikov RPK74 and RPKS74 machine guns. Medium repair manual. - M.: MILITARY PUBLISHING, 1988.) in which the sear rests with its nose against the base of the trigger, and on the opposite side it is spring-loaded, the trigger travel limiter has a protrusion that blocks the movement of the sear along the axis of the pin, and the fire switch is made in the form of a bar placed only from right side of the firearm, has the ability to rotate around its axis, but is limited on one side by the stop of the fire switch sector in the sear step and on the other side by the base of the trigger guard, against which the fire switch rests in the "single fire" position. The protrusion on the fire switch, which enters the grooves on the receiver, stops it from being turned in an arbitrary way. This design of the trigger mechanism provides three fire positions "on the safety", "automatic fire" and "single fire". When the fire switch is moved to the "on the safety" position, access to the receiver is opened, which leads to the ingress of dirt and foreign objects.

[0007] The disadvantages of this trigger mechanism are:

[0008] - unreliable fixation of the sear, which can lead to an accidental shot or switching the fire switch to another fire position;

[0009] - bulkiness of the fire switch, inconvenience of switching fire modes;

[0010] - lack of a fire switch on the left side of the firearm;

[0011] - when the safety is removed, the fire switch opens access for dirt and foreign objects to enter the receiver.

[0012] The invention is based on the task of improving the trigger mechanism by modernizing it, which will improve the reliability and ease of use of the firearm,provide improved fixation of the fire switch positions, which will prevent the likelihood of an accidental shot.

[0013] The problem is solved by the fact that the trigger mechanism, which includes a trigger, a spring-loaded sear and a trigger travel limiter, which are mounted on one pin, a trigger, a mainspring, a self-timer, a fire switch and a fire switch sector is made with the possibility of partial rotation around its axis, which during rotation contacts the rear surface of the sear, in which the fire switch sector is made of an h-shaped shape, contains a protrusion for locking the trigger base and a stop surface, on the rear surface of the sear there is made at least one groove for fixing the stop surface of the fire switch sector, which is placed at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector, behind the sear there is placed a flat spring-lock, made in the form of a curved at an angle s-shaped plate, the upper part of which contains a U-shaped groove for fixing the stop surface of the fire switch sector, and the base contains a hole for fastening to the receiver using fastening element.

[0014] According to the invention, two consecutively arranged grooves for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector can be made on the rear surface of the sear, placed at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector.

[0015] According to the invention, the grooves for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector on the rear surface of the sear are made trapezoidal.

[0016] According to the invention, the abutment surface of the fire switch sector is made beveled to its base.

[0017] According to the invention, the fire switch and the fire switch sector are made separately from each other with the possibility of fastening with a fastening element.

[0018] According to the invention, the fire switch is placed on both sides of the receiver.

[0019] According to the invention, the flat spring-lock can be fixed with a T-shaped nut to the base of the receiver.According to the invention, the hole for fastening the flat spring-lock to the receiver can be of any shape.

[0020] Common features of the invention and the closest analogue are the trigger, spring-loaded sear and trigger travel limiter, which are mounted on one pin, the trigger, mainspring, self-timer, fire switch and the fire switch sector is made with the possibility of partial rotation around its axis, which during rotation contacts the rear surface of the sear.

[0021] The technical result of the invention provides improved characteristics of using a firearm and increases the safety of handling a firearm, due to reliable fixation of the moving parts of the automation in the selected firing positions.

[0022] The proposed invention uses an improved design of the sear and the fire switch sector, also due to the installed flat locking spring, the fire switch sector is additionally fixed in the "on safety" position, which prevents its arbitrary rotation. Placing the fire switch on both sides improves the convenience of using a firearm.

[0023] The proposed trigger mechanism is devoid of the above-listed disadvantages of analogues.

[0024] The purpose of the invention is explained in the drawings, where

[0025] Fig. 1 - shows a general view of the trigger mechanism

[0026] Fig. 2 - shows the sector of the fire switch of an h-shaped shape

[0027] Fig. 3 - sear with the sector of the fire switch and a flat spring-lock

[0028] Fig. 4 - trigger mechanism in the "on the fuse" position

[0029] Fig. 5 - trigger mechanism in the "single fire" position

[0030] Where:

[0031] 1 - trigger;

[0032] 2 - sear;

[0033] 3 - trigger travel limiter;

[0034] 4 - trigger;5 - mainspring;

[0035] 6 - self-timer;

[0036] 7 - fire switch;

[0037] 8 - fire switch sector;

[0038] 9 - trigger base locking protrusion;

[0039] 10 - stop surface;

[0040] 11 - groove for fixing the stop surface of the fire switch sector;

[0041] 12 - flat spring-lock;

[0042] 13 - U-shaped groove for fixing the stop surface of the fire switch sector; 14 - hole for mounting to the receiver.

[0043] The causal relationship between the set of claimed features and the achieved technical result is as follows.

[0044] The trigger mechanism (Fig. 1) includes a trigger 1, a spring-loaded sear 2, a trigger travel limiter 3, a trigger 4, a mainspring 5, a self-timer 6, a fire switch 7 and a fire switch sector 8. The trigger 1, a spring-loaded sear 2 and a trigger travel limiter 3 are mounted on one pin.

[0045] On the rear surface of the sear 2, at least one groove is made for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector 11 , located at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector 8. In another embodiment, two consecutive grooves for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector 11 , located at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector 8, can be made on the rear surface of the sear 2. The grooves for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector 11 on the rear surface of the sear can be made trapezoidal.

[0046] The fire switch 7 can be placed on both sides of the receiver (Fig. 3). In one embodiment, the fire switch 7 and the fire switch sector 8 are made separately from each other with the possibility of fastening with a fastening element, which will ensure a strong contact of the surfaces of the parts against each other, prevent their damage,and ensure a more uniform distribution of the load on them. As a fastening element, for example, a pin, screw, bolt, rivet can be used.

[0047] The sector of the fire switch 8 (Fig. 2) is made of an h-shaped shape, containing a protrusion for locking the base of the trigger 9 and a stop surface 10. The sector of the fire switch 8 is made with the possibility of partial rotation around its axis, during rotation the sector of the fire switch 8 contacts the rear surface of the sear 2. In one embodiment, the stop surface 10 of the sector of the fire switch 8 can be made beveled to its base.

[0048] Behind the sear 2 is placed a flat spring-lock 12 (Fig. 4-5), made in the form of an s-shaped plate curved at an angle, the upper part of which contains a U-shaped groove for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector 13, and the base contains a hole for fastening to the receiver 14 using a fastening element. The flat spring-lock 12 can be fixed to the base of the receiver with a T-shaped nut. The hole for fastening to the receiver 14 of the flat spring-lock 12 can be of any shape.

[0049] The trigger mechanism works as follows:

[0050] Before firing, the bolt mechanism must be brought forward with the fire switch set to the "on safety" position.

[0051] In this position, the fire switch sector with its abutment surface enters the groove for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector of the sear, located at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector, and blocks it. At the same time, the protrusion of the trigger base blocking rests on the trigger base, and reliably blocks it simultaneously with the sear. Therefore, if you press the trigger, a shot is impossible.

[0052] For firing, the fire switch is set either in the “automatic fire” position or in the “single fire” position.

[0053] In the “automatic fire” position, the fire switch sector with its abutment surface enters the groove for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector of the sear, located at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector, and blocks onlythe sear, which does not prevent the trigger from turning. The trigger is able to rotate around its axis, the sear is held from turning together with the trigger by the sector of the guide.

[0054] When the trigger is pulled, its figured protrusion disengages from the firing pin of the hammer. The trigger, under the action of the mainspring, rotates on its axis and energetically strikes the striker. The striker breaks the cartridge case. The powder charge of the cartridge case ignites, the flame is transmitted to the powder charge through special holes in the bottom of the sleeve and ignites it. The machine gun fires.

[0055] After the bullet leaves the barrel, the powder gases enter the rear chamber of the muzzle brake-compensator, expand and through the compensation holes form a reactive force that throws the muzzle of the machine gun in the opposite direction to the holes. The bolt frame with the bolt continues to move backward by inertia: the cartridge case, which is held by the ejector hook, enters the receiver reflector housing and is thrown out.

[0056] The protrusion of the bolt frame releases the self-timer lever, which rotates under the action of the spring, while the trigger rotates on the axis under the action of the bolt frame, and the self-timer sear is pressed against the front plane of the trigger. The mainspring is twisted, the trigger vigorously hits the base of the trigger travel limiter, after which the bolt frame rotates under the action of the return spring and engages the self-timer lever with its protrusion, the trigger is released from the hook and rotates under the action of the mainspring and strikes the striker. The machine fires. Shooting will continue as long as the trigger is pressed and there are cartridges in the magazine. To stop shooting, you must release the trigger. At the same time, the trigger will rotate under the action of the mainspring, and its figured protrusion will stand in the path of the movement of the trigger cocking, then the trigger is cocked. Shooting stops, but the machine is loaded, ready to fire in automatic mode.In the "single fire" position, the fire switch sector does not block either the sear or the base of the trigger and is fixed with its thrust surface to a flat spring-lock, namely in the U-shaped groove for fixing the thrust surface of the fire switch sector.

[0057] When setting the firing mode to the "single fire" position, the fire switch sector releases the trigger protrusion, the latter completely comes out of the sear cutout and does not participate in the operation of the trigger mechanism during firing. When the trigger is pressed, its figured protrusion disengages from the trigger cocking. The trigger rotates around its axis under the action of the spring and energetically strikes the striker.

[0058] The machine fires. After the first shot, the parts and mechanisms perform the same work as during automatic firing, but the next shot does not occur, because the sear returns forward together with the trigger and its engagement stops opposite the firing pin of the trigger. The firing pin of the trigger will lock the sear, and the trigger will stop in the rear position.

[0059] To fire the next shot, it is necessary to release the trigger and press it again. When the trigger is released, it will rotate together with the sear under the action of the mainspring force.

[0060] Thus, the new features, when interacting with the known features, ensure the achievement of a single technical result, as a result of which the invention ensures reliable operation and improves operational qualities, improves the fixation of moving parts, which reduces the likelihood of an accidental shot.

[0061] The proposed trigger mechanism can be installed in Ml 6, ARI 5, AK74, RPK, RPK74, Saiga rifles in calibers 5.45x39, 7.62x39, 5.56X45 and other similar weapons developed on the AK platform.

[0062] The examples of implementation provided only illustrate the claimed technical solution, but do not limit it.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A trigger mechanism comprising a trigger 1, a spring-loaded sear 2 and a trigger travel limiter 3, mounted on one pin, a trigger 4, a mainspring 5, a self-timer 6, a fire switch 7 and a fire switch sector 8 made with the possibility of partial rotation around its axis, which during rotation contacts the rear surface of the sear, characterized in that the fire switch sector 8 is made of an h-shaped shape, contains a protrusion for locking the trigger base 9 and a stop surface 10, at least one groove for fixing the stop surface of the fire switch sector 11 is made on the rear surface of the sear, which is placed at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector, a flat spring-lock 12 is placed behind the sear, made in the form of an s-shaped plate curved at an angle, the upper part of which contains U-shaped groove for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector 13, and the base contains a hole for fastening to the receiver 14 using a fastening element.

2. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that on the rear surface of the sear there are made two sequentially arranged grooves for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector 11 placed at an angle to the direction of rotation of the fire switch sector.

3. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that the grooves for fixing the abutment surface of the fire switch sector 11 on the rear surface of the sear are made trapezoidal.

4. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that the abutment surface 10 of the fire switch sector is made beveled to its base.

5. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that the fire switch 7 and the fire switch sector 8 are made separately from each other with the possibility of fastening with a fastening element.

6. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that the fire switch 7 is placed on both sides of the receiver.

7. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that the flat spring-lock 12 can be fixed with a T-shaped nut to the base of the receiver.

8. The trigger mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hole for fastening the flat spring - lock to the receiver 14 can be of any shape.

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