Reference standards for semi-volatile or non-volatile compounds

Abstract

Embodiments herein relate to calibration standards and methods of calibrating an analyte detection device. In an embodiment, a calibration standard for analyte detection, is included having a reference capture structure including a sample, wherein the sample includes a known amount of analyte, the capture structure is included having a capture media and a support frame surrounding the capture media. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Description

[0001] PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0002] REFERENCE STANDARDS FOR SEMI- VOLATILE OR NON-VOLATILE COMPOUNDS

[0003] This application is being filed as a PCT International Application on March 26, 2026, in the name of Consumer Safety Technology, LLC, a U.S. national corporation, applicant for the designation of all countries, and Christina Rae Forbes, a U.S. Citizen;

[0004] Randall Blake Hellman, a U.S. Citizen; and Evan Rashied Darzi, a U.S. Citizen, inventors for the designation of all countries, and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No.

[0005] 63 / 779,479, filed March 28, 2025, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0006] Field

[0007] Embodiments herein relate generally to calibration standards, and more specifically to the use of calibration standards in analyte detection devices.

[0008] Background

[0009] Calibration standards are essential in the field of analyte detection, ensuring the accuracy and precision of detection devices when analyzing compounds. However, preparing calibration standards can be difficult and time-consuming. This is especially true when preparing standards for low volatility compounds.

[0010] Summary

[0011] In a first aspect, a calibration standard for analyte detection, can be included having a reference capture structure including a sample, wherein the sample includes a known amount of analyte, the reference capture structure can be included having a capture media, and a support frame surrounding the capture media.

[0012] In a second aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the analyte includes at least one of tetrahydrocannabinol, terpene compounds, ethanol, and acetone.

[0013] In a third aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the sample further includes a detection agent.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the detection agent includes at least one of a stabilization agent and a vaporization agent.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0015] In a fifth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the stabilization agent includes glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or terpenes.

[0016] In a sixth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the vaporization agent includes at least one of glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, or mixtures thereof.

[0017] In a seventh aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the capture media includes an aramid polymer filter material.

[0018] In an eighth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the aramid polymer filter material includes a Nomex® material.

[0019] In a ninth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the capture media can be configured to absorb the sample.

[0020] In a tenth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the capture media absorbs at least 5 microliters of the sample.

[0021] In an eleventh aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the analyte includes tetrahydrocannabinol, wherein the tetrahydrocannabinol can be in an amount between 0.1 mg / mL to 1 mg / mL.

[0022] In a twelfth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the support frame includes a material having a thermal stability between 250 °C to 400 °C.

[0023] In a thirteenth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the material can be silicone, rubber, Viton, or a polymer.

[0024] In a fourteenth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the polymer can be polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or polyimide.

[0025] In a fifteenth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the support frame radially surrounds an outer perimeter of the capture media, and wherein the support frame includes one or more retaining features configured to engage a corresponding portion of the capture media.

[0026] In a sixteenth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects,PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0027] or in the alternative to some aspects, the support frame can be configured to be removable from the capture media.

[0028] In a seventeenth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the support frame can be disposable.

[0029] In an eighteenth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the capture media includes mesh.

[0030] In a nineteenth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the mesh can be dissolvable.

[0031] In a twentieth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the capture media can be disposable.

[0032] In a twenty-first aspect, a calibration system for analyte detection, can be included having a reference capture structure including a sample, wherein the sample includes a known amount of analyte, the reference capture structure can be included having a capture media, and a support frame surrounding the capture structure media, a detection device can be included having a sample stage for receiving the reference capture structure, a heater assembly configured to vaporize the analyte, and a detector assembly configured to receive the one or more vaporized sample components, and detect an amount of the analyte.

[0033] In a twenty-second aspect, a blister pack, can be included having a plurality of reference capture structures, wherein each of the reference capture structures includes a sample, wherein the sample includes a known amount of analyte, each of the reference capture structure can include a capture media, a plurality of protrusions extending from a forming layer, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions includes a cavity, wherein each of the cavities can be configured to receive each of the plurality of reference capture structures, a sealing layer adhered to the forming layer, wherein the sealing layer encapsulates the plurality of reference capture structures within the cavities.

[0034] In a twenty -third aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, the reference capture structure further includes a support frame surrounding the capture media.

[0035] In a twenty -fourth aspect, in addition to one or more of the preceding or following aspects, or in the alternative to some aspects, each of the plurality of reference capture structures have a sample containing a different known amount of analyte.

[0036] In a twenty-fifth aspect, a method for calibrating a detection device, can be included, the method including installing a reference capture structure on a sample stage of the detection device, wherein the reference capture structure includes a sample, wherein thePDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0037] sample includes a known amount of analyte, heating, using a heater assembly, the reference capture structure to vaporize the analyte, detecting, using a detector assembly, an amount of the analyte, and calibrating the detection device based on the amount of analyte detected.

[0038] This summary is an overview of some of the teachings of the present application and is not intended to be an exclusive or exhaustive treatment of the present subject matter.

[0039] Further details are found in the detailed description and appended claims. Other aspects will be apparent to persons skilled in the art upon reading and understanding the following detailed description and viewing the drawings that form a part thereof, each of which is not to be taken in a limiting sense. The scope herein is defined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents.

[0040] Brief Description of the Figures

[0041] Aspects may be more completely understood in connection with the following figures (FIGS.), in which:

[0042] FIG. l is a top view of a capture structure in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0043] FIG. 2 is a top view of a capture structure in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0044] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a pipette dosing a capture structure in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0045] FIG. 4 is a top view of a blister pack of reference capture structures in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0046] FIG. 5 is a top view of a blister pack of reference capture media in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0047] FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a detection device in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0048] FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a detection device in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0049] FIG. 8 is a side view of a detection device in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0050] FIG. 9 is a bottom view of a detection device in accordance with various embodiments herein.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0051] FIG. 10 is a cross-section view of the detection device 800 of FIG. 9, wherein the plane of the cross-section is indicated by line 10-10 in FIG. 9, in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0052] FIG. 11 is a side view of a heater assembly in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0053] FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a heater assembly in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0054] FIG. 13 is a flow diagram of a calibration method in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0055] FIG. 14 is a computerized detection system in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0056] While embodiments are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specifics thereof have been shown by way of example and drawings and will be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the scope herein is not limited to the particular aspects described. On the contrary, the intention is to cover modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope herein.

[0057] Detailed Description

[0058] Embodiments herein address the challenges associated with the calibration of analyte detection devices, especially detection devices for detection of lower volatility analytes. Some embodiments are applicable to detection devices designed to receive gas or vapor samples, while other embodiments are applicable to detection devices that receive liquid samples. Low or non-volatile analytes are typically evaluated using liquid phase techniques. Studying the behavior of these low or non-volatile compounds in the vapor phase is more challenging than for higher volatility compounds, such as ethanol. Preparing reference standards for lower volatility compounds for vapor testing is thus more difficult.

[0059] In the context of ethanol detection in a vapor sample, such as a breath sample, typical breath alcohol detection devices are calibrated using ethanol gas standards that deliver a vapor having a known concentration of ethanol, such as using a wet bath source or a dry-gas canister. Ethanol is a volatile compound that readily evaporates in a well-characterized way, facilitating the preparation of reference gas standards.

[0060] However, compounds with low volatility, such as THC, other cannabinoids, and terpenes, are more difficult to prepare as standards for detection devices. Many of these low volatility compounds have oils that will condense out of the vapor phase on the walls of aPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0061] container. As a result, the vapor released from the container may not have a consistent concentration of the analyte. One type of detection device for low volatility analytes is a thermal desorption system where the analyte is present on a capture structure, the capture structure is heated to vaporize the analyte, and the vapor containing the analyte is routed to a detector. One example of such a thermal desorption system is described in pending PCT Publication No. WO2025 / 184271A1, titled, “Thermal desorption system for substance detection,” owned in common with this application, and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Embodiments described herein provide reliable, accurate, and easy-to-use reference standards for a thermal desorption system, as well as for other types of detection devices for semi-volatility or low volatility analytes.

[0062] In various embodiments, a reference capture structure having a capture media and support frame can include a sample having a known amount of analyte absorbed in the capture media. The sample can further include one or more stabilization agents, one or more vaporization agents, and one or more solvents. The reference capture structure can be used in a detection system, such as a thermal desorption detection system and many other detection systems. The reference capture structure can be used in a detection system to generate small volumes of vapors on demand that contain known quantities of low volatility analytes such as THC, other cannabinoids, and terpenes. The use of a reference capture structure containing a known quantity of analyte can minimize the labor involved with preparing a reference standard for people in charge of calibrating detection devices, as well as increase the accuracy of the reference sample provided and therefore the calibration process.

[0063] In various embodiments, a reference capture structure can be packaged in a blister pack. A blister pack can include a plurality of reference capture structures. In various embodiments, the blister pack can include a plurality of different concentrations of the analyte present on each reference capture structure. In other embodiments, the capture media can be packaged in a blister pack.

[0064] In various embodiments, one or more reference capture structures can be used to calibrate a detection device. In various embodiments, a reference capture structure can be removed from the blister pack and placed directly into the detection device. In other embodiments, the capture media can be removed from the blister pack and placed in a support frame before being placed into the detection device. In other embodiments, either the reference capture structure or the capture media can be removed from the blister pack and placed in a solvent whereby the reference capture structure and / or the capture media containing the known amount of analyte can dissolve and the analyte can mix with thePDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0065] solvent to form a calibration solution, for detection devices that evaluate a liquid sample. The calibration solution can then be placed into a detection device.

[0066] Capture Structure (FIGS. 1-2)

[0067] Referring now to FIG. 1, a top view of a capture structure is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. In various embodiments, the capture structure 100, such as a reference capture structure, can include a capture media 102 and a support frame 104. The capture media 102 can include a reference sample, discussed in more detail below.

[0068] The support frame 104 can surround the capture media 102 and can be used to support or frame the capture media 102. For example, the support frame 104 can radially surround an outer perimeter of the capture media 102. In various embodiments, the support frame 104 can define a central opening sized and shaped to receive the capture media 102 such that an outer perimeter of the capture media 102 is in contact with an inner perimeter of the support frame 104. The support frame 104 can include one or more retaining features, such as a lip, shoulder, groove, channel, or undercut, that can mechanically engage a corresponding portion or feature, such as an edge, thickness, or contour of the capture media 102. In some embodiments, the support frame 104 can be elastically deformable so that it can flex outward as the capture media 102 is inserted and then return toward its original shape to clamp against the perimeter of the capture media 102, thereby holding the capture media 102 by friction. In other embodiments, the support frame 104 can include a split ring, hinge, or snap-fit feature that allows the support frame 104 to open to receive the capture media 102 and then close to surround and secure the capture media 102. The support frame 104 can also include alignment features, such as flats, tabs, or keyed portions, that ensure the capture media 102 is consistently oriented relative to the support frame 104 and the detection device. In some embodiments, the support frame 104 can fully encircle the capture media 102 around its circumference so that at least a portion of the thickness of the capture media 102 is captured within a continuous band of the support frame 104. In other embodiments, the support frame 104 can include spaced segments or partial rings that extend around discrete regions of the perimeter of the capture media 102 while still restricting lateral and axial movement of the capture media 102 when installed in the detection device.

[0069] In various embodiments, the support frame 104 can ensure that the capture media 102 is securely held in place within the detection device, discussed in more detail below. The support frame 104 can feature an intricate lattice or grid structure designed to maximize exposure of the capture media 102. Alternatively, the support frame 104 can feature a narrowPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0070] band structure configured to wrap around the circumference or outer perimeter of the capture media 102.

[0071] In some embodiments, the capture structure 100 can further include a protrusion 200 as illustrated in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a top view of a capture structure in accordance with various embodiments herein. In various embodiments, the protrusion 200 can allow a user to easily hold the capture structure 100, thereby allowing the capture structure 100 to be moved into and out of the detection device. In various embodiments, the protrusion 200 ensures easy insertion and removal of the capture media 102 from the support frame 104 for replacement, maintenance, or analysis. In various embodiments, the protrusion 200 is part of the support frame 104. In other embodiments, the protrusion 200 is attached to the support frame 104.

[0072] Capture Structure Shape

[0073] The capture structure 100 can be a variety of shapes. For example, the capture structure 100 can be a circular disc shape as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. Alternatively, the capture structure can be any other shape, such as a square disc, oval disc, triangular disc, rectangular disc, or polygonal disc. It is further contemplated that any of the shapes of the discs described above can include one or more holes in the capture media of the capture structure.

[0074] Capture Media Materials

[0075] The capture media 102 can be made from a variety of materials known for their adsorption and inert properties. For example, the capture media 102 can be made from materials such as aramid polymers, such as Nomex® commercially available from DuPont de Nemours, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware US. It is noted that aramid polymers can be especially advantageous materials due to the polymers being chemically and thermally inert which prevents the material from interacting with any heat or solvents that may come into contact with the capture media 102 during the testing of the collected sample.

[0076] In some embodiments, the capture media 102 can be made from a dissolvable or non-dissolvable material. For example, the capture media can be made from a variety of dissolvable or non-dissolvable porous materials, including nanoporous materials. Porous materials can include ceramics, polymers, metals, glass, fibers, carbon-based materials, and the like. In various embodiments, the capture media 102 can be disposable.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0077] Exemplary ceramic materials can include zeolites, porcelain, metal-organic frameworks, alumina, silica, and the like. Exemplary polymers can include polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose (MC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyanhydrides, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyurethane (PU), poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx), Nafion TM sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene based fluoropolymer-copolymer available from The Chemours Company of Delaware, US, and the like. In various embodiments, the capture media can be made from a ceramic mesh.

[0078] Exemplary metals can include aerated metals such as stainless steel, brass, copper, bronze, aluminum, aluminum oxide (also known as alumina) titanium, iron, chromium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, gold, zinc, silver, zirconium, tungsten, and the like. In various embodiments, the capture media can be made from aerated stainless steel. In various embodiments, the capture media can be made from a metallic mesh. It is herein contemplated that the capture structure can be made from more than one material listed above.

[0079] Exemplary glass, fiber, carbon-based materials, and other non-metallic materials, can include fiber glass, glass wool, quartz wool, carbon fiber, steel wool, woven fibers, sintered glass, silicon dioxide (also known as silica), Bentonite, paper, cellulose, Cl 8, electrostatic filters, impaction filters, woven carbon fiber, graphite felt, vitreous carbon foam, porous carbon foam, and the like.

[0080] Media Material Pore Sizes

[0081] The capture media material can have a variety of pore sizes. In various embodiments, the material can have a pore size of 1 micron, 2 microns, 4 microns, 6 microns, 8 microns, 10 microns, 12 microns, 14 microns, 16 microns, 18 microns, 20 microns, 22 microns, 24 microns, 26 microns, 28 microns, 30 microns, or any number falling in between. For example, the capture structure material can have a pore size of 15 microns, 16 microns, 17 microns, 18 microns, 19 microns, 20 microns, or any number falling in between.

[0082] Media Material Porosity

[0083] The capture media material can have a variety of porosities. Porosity is defined as the proportion of pore volume in the total volume of the capture structure. In variousPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0084] embodiments, the capture structure can have a porosity of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, or any number falling in between.

[0085] Capture Media Thickness

[0086] The capture media 102 can have a variety of thicknesses. In some embodiments, the capture media 102 can have a thickness of about 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0 mm, or any thickness falling in between. For example, the capture media 102 can have a thickness between about 0.1 mm and about 0.5 mm, between about 0.25 mm and about 1.0 mm, or between about 0.5 mm and about 2.0 mm.

[0087] Support Frame Materials

[0088] The support frame 104 can be made from a variety of materials chosen for their structural integrity and thermal resilience. In some embodiments, the support frame 104 can be disposable.

[0089] In various embodiments, the support frame 104 can be made from a material having a thermal stability above 250 °C, 300 °C, or 400 °C. Thermal stability of the support frame 104 can be important because the capture structure 100 can be exposed to elevated temperatures during the testing of a sample including temperatures at or above the boiling point of low-volatility analytes such as cannabinoids and terpenes. If the support frame 104 softens, melts, deforms, or decomposes at these temperatures, the geometry and positioning of the capture media 102 within the detection device can change, which can alter gas flow paths, create leaks, or change the effective surface area of the capture media 102 exposed to the heated air stream. Such changes can result in incomplete or inconsistent vaporization of the analyte or variable transfer efficiency of the vaporized analyte to the detector assembly of the detection device, thereby reducing the accuracy of the calibration process.

[0090] In some embodiments, the support frame 104 is made from a silicone, Viton, rubber, metal, composite, or polymer material. For example, metals such as stainless steel or aluminum can offer durability and resistance to high temperatures. Alternatively, high-performance polymers such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or polyimide can also be utilized for their lightweight properties and resistance to chemical and thermal stresses. In other embodiments, composite materials comprising aPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0091] ceramic matrix or carbon fiber reinforced plastics can provide enhanced mechanical support and thermal protection.

[0092] In other embodiments, the support frame 104 can be made from a dissolvable material, such as a dissolvable polymer. In various embodiments, the support frame 104 can be made from the same dissolvable polymer as the capture media 102. In other embodiments, the support frame 104 can be made from a different dissolvable polymer than the capture media 102. Exemplary dissolvable polymers can include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium alginate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), methylcellulose (MC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyanhydrides, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polyurethane (PU), poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) (EVOH), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx), and the like.

[0093] Dosing Reference Capture Structure with Sample (FIG.3)

[0094] The capture structures discussed above can be dosed with a known amount of analyte and can be used to calibrate analyte detection devices. Referring now to FIG. 3, a schematic view of a pipette dosing a capture structure is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. In various embodiments, a pipette 300 can be used to dose a capture structure, such as those discussed above in FIGS. 1 and 2, with a calibration sample 302 to become a reference capture structure 304. The pipette 300 can dispense a predefined amount of the calibration sample 302 onto the capture media of the reference capture structure 304. Once the calibration sample 302 is absorbed by the capture media of the reference capture structure 304, the reference capture structure 304 can be utilized to calibrate an analyte detection device. Alternatively, the reference capture structure 304 can be packaged for later calibrations, such as in a blister pack.

[0095] In various embodiments, the capture media of the reference capture structure 304 can absorb varying amounts of the calibration sample 302. In some embodiments, the capture media of the reference capture structure 304 can absorb 0.1 pLs, 0.5 pLs, 1.0 pLs, 1.5 pLs, 2.0 pLs, 2.5 pLs, 3.0 pLs, 3.5 pLs, 4 pLs, 5 pLs, 5.5 pLs, 6 pLs, 6.5 pLs, 7.0 pLs, 7.5 pLs, 8.0 pLs, 8.5 pLs, 9.0 pLs, 9.5 pLs, 10.0 pLs, or any volume of the calibration sample 302 in between. For example, the capture media of the reference capture structure 304 can absorb approximately 5 pLs of the calibration sample 302.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0096] It is noted that while a pipette is illustrated in FIG. 3, any suitable method can be used to dose a capture structure. In some embodiments, an automated dispensing system can be used to precisely dispense a predefined volume of the calibration sample 302 onto the capture media of the reference capture structure 304. In other embodiments, the reference capture structure 304 can be dipped or soaked in the calibration sample 302 for a length of time sufficient to allow for the calibration sample 302 to absorb into the capture media of the reference capture structure 304. In other embodiments, a spraying mechanism can be used, where the calibration sample 302 is atomized into fine droplets using pressurized air or an ultrasonic nozzle, and then sprayed uniformly over the surface of the reference capture structure 304.

[0097] Dosing Reference Capture Structure with Analyte

[0098] In various embodiments, as opposed to dosing a reference capture structure 304 with a calibration sample 302, a reference capture structure 304 can be dosed with a known amount of analyte. The analyte can be absorbed by the capture media of the reference capture structure 304. In some embodiments, one or more stabilization agents can also be absorbed by the capture media of the reference capture structure 304. In some embodiments, one or more vaporization agents can also be absorbed by the capture media of the reference capture structure 304. It is noted that the analyte, stabilization agent(s), and vaporization agent(s) can include any of those discussed above. In some embodiments, the analyte, stabilization agent(s), and vaporization agent(s) can form a gel-like mixture on the capture media of the reference capture structure 304. In other embodiments, the analyte, stabilization agent(s), and vaporization agent(s) can form a pressed powder-type mixture on the capture media of the reference capture structure 304. It is noted that forming into a gel-like or pressed powder-type mixture, the reference capture structure 304 can be shelf-stable with minimal degradation over time.

[0099] In various embodiments, the reference capture structure 304 can be soaked or placed into a solvent prior to use as a calibration standard. The solvent can include any solvents discussed above. In some embodiments, when the reference capture structure 304 is placed in the solvent, the entire reference capture structure 304 or the capture media of the reference capture structure 304 can dissolve in the solvent. In other embodiments, the reference capture structure 304 can remain in the solvent, without dissolving. Regardless, once the reference capture structure 304 is placed in the solvent, the analyte, stabilization agent(s), andPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0100] vaporization agent(s) can disperse into the solvent and a calibration standard solution can be formed. A user can then utilize the calibration standard solution as desired.

[0101] The Calibration Sample

[0102] The calibration sample 302 can include a variety of components. In various embodiments, the calibration sample 302 can a known amount of an analyte. In various embodiments, in addition to the analyte, the calibration sample 302 can include one or more detection agents, discussed in more detail below.

[0103] Analyte

[0104] The calibration sample 302 can include a known amount of analyte. By including a known amount of analyte, the calibration sample 302 can act as a standard and can be utilized as a calibration standard. In various embodiments, the analyte be any high-volatile, semivolatile, low-volatile, or non-volatile compounds. The analyte can be chosen to calibrate a wide variety of industrial and non-industrial detection devices. For example, breath or narcotic detection devices used by law enforcement or individuals, detection devices used by cannabis growers to test the potency their products, explosive detection devices used by law enforcement to test for explosives, environmental detection devices, including devices that can detect THC or other cannabis products in schools, workplaces, or other public spaces, and analytical detection devices used by scientists. A wide variety of analytical detection devices can be calibrated, such as gas chromatographs, liquid chromatographs, ion chromatographs, mass spectrometers, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometers, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers, gas chromatography-mass spectrometers (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometers (LC-MS), gas chromatography-UV (GC-U) spectrometers, proton transfer reaction mass (PTR-MS) spectrometers, selected ion flow tube mass (SIFT-MS) spectrometers, ion mobility (IMS) spectrometers, laser spectrometers, secondary electrospray ionization (SESI-MS), optical spectrometers, Raman spectrometers, fluorescent spectrometers, infrared spectrometers, free induction decay (FID) spectrometers, biosensors, electrochemical gas sensors, and the like. These detection devices can be used in a variety of industries such as the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry, environmental and pollution control industry, food and beverage science industry, cannabis and hemp growing industry, forensic science and toxicology industry, material science industry, petrochemical and energy industry, medical science industry, and the like.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0105] In various embodiments, the analyte can include cannabinoid compounds.

[0106] Cannabinoids can include both natural cannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids. It is herein contemplated that cannabis, including a variety of cannabis compounds or metabolites, can be compounds of interest. Cannabinoids, including phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids, can include, but are not limited to, cannabinoids, phenolic cannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), A9-tetrahydrocannabinol (A9-THC), A8-tetrahydrocannabinol (A8-THC), cannabinol (CBN), cannabidiol (CBD), 11-hydroxy- A9-THC (11-OH-THC), arachidonyl ethanolamide (anandamide ), cannabichromene, and 1 l-Nor-9-carboxy-A9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-11-oic acid), and JHW-018.

[0107] In various embodiments, the analyte can include terpene compounds. Terpenes can include hemiterpenes, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, sesterterpenes, and triterpenes. For example, terpene compounds can include, but are not limited to, myrcene, limonene, linalool, a-pinene, caryophyllene, humulene, farnesene, bisabolol, nerolidol, valencene, cedrene, guaiol, bergamotene, santene, phytol, squalene, abietic acid, retene, manool, labdanum, cembrene, ginkgolide, sesquiterpene lactones, and the like.

[0108] In various embodiments, the analyte can include psilocybin and psilocybin metabolites. Psilocybin metabolites can include, but are not limited to, psilocin, 4H1 A (4-hydroxyindole-3-yl-acetaldehyde), 41-IIAA (4-hydroxyindole-3-yl-acetic-acid), 41 -IT (4-hydroxytryptophol), and the like.

[0109] In various embodiments, the analyte can include a wide range of other compounds. In some embodiments, the analyte can include ethanol, acetone, chloroform, ether, caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, amphetamines, hallucinogens, and the like. In some embodiments, the analyte can include a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzo(a)pyrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, chrysene, pyrene, and the like. In some embodiments, the analyte can include persistent organic pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, furans, and the like. In some embodiments, the analyte can include hydrocarbons and petroleum residues such as long-chain alkanes, asphaltenes, bitumen, eicosane, docosane, and the like. In some embodiments, the analyte can include plasticizers and additives such as phthalates, bisphenol A, nonylphenols, and the like. In some embodiments, the analyte can include pollutants such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl compounds like perfluoroctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and the like. In some embodiments, the analyte can include pharmaceutical compounds such as antibiotics like tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, steroids and hormones like estradiol, testosterone, and cortisol, and sunscreen agents such as oxybenzone, and the like. In some embodiments, thePDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0110] analyte can include pesticides and herbicides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), atrazine, dieldrin, chlordane, and the like. In some embodiments, the analyte can include flame retardants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), and the like.

[0111] In various embodiments, the analyte, in a known concentration, can be purchased commercially from various analytical suppliers (e.g., Cayman Chemical Company, Ann Arbor, MI, Sigma-Aldrich, Burlington, MA).

[0112] Concentration of the Analyte

[0113] In various embodiments, the analyte can be present in the calibration sample 302 in the desired amount. It is noted that the desired amount can be any amount within the range of the amount of analyte being tested by an individual. In various embodiments, the analyte can be present in an amount between 0.001% and 0.05% by volume of the calibration sample 302. For example, the analyte can be 0.001%, 0.002%, 0.0031%, 0.012%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, or 0.05% by volume, or any percentage in between.

[0114] In various embodiments, if a user wants to measure the concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol present in a breath sample, the user can choose a range of concentrations of the analyte present in the calibration sample 302 that would align with the expected concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol in the breath sample. In some embodiments, the concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol can include 0.001 mg / mL, 0.01 mg / mL, 0.1 mg / mL, 0.2 mg / mL, 0.3 mg / mL, 0.4 mg / mL, 0.5 mg / mL, 0.6 mg / mL, 0.7 mg / mL 0.8 mg / mL, 0.9 mg / mL 1.0 mg / mL, 1.2 mg / mL, 1.4 mg / mL, or any concentration in between. For example, the concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol present in the calibration sample 302 can be between 0.1 mg / mL to 1 mg / mL.

[0115] While the concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol is discussed above, it is noted that the concentration for the analytes listed above can vary from that of the concentration of tetrahydrocannabinol. As such, the concentration of analyte present in the calibration sample 302 can vary from 0.001 ng / mL to 10 g / mL.

[0116] Detection Agent

[0117] In various embodiments, the calibration sample 302 can include at least one detection agent. The detection agent can facilitate the detection process of the analyte and / or stabilize the sample components. In various embodiments, the detection agent can include one or morePDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0118] stabilization agents, one or more vaporization agents, and / or one or more solvents, all of which are discussed in more detail below.

[0119] In some embodiments, the at least one detection agent can be present in the calibration sample 302 in an amount between about 0.1% and about 99.999% by volume of the calibration sample 302. For example, the detection agent can be present at about 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% by volume, or any amount in between. In some embodiments, the solvent portion of the detection agent can be present in an amount between about 1% and about 99% by volume of the calibration sample 302. For example, the solvent can be present in an amount between 5% and 80% by volume, to dissolve the analyte and to enable accurate metering of the calibration sample 302 onto the capture media. In various embodiments, the relative amounts of stabilization agent(s), vaporization agent(s), and solvent(s) within the detection agent can be adjusted based on the volatility, solubility, and thermal behavior of the selected analyte, while maintaining a total detection agent content sufficient to form a homogeneous mixture with the analyte and to provide consistent calibration performance across multiple reference capture structures.

[0120] Stabilization Agents

[0121] The detection agent can include one or more stabilization agents. Stabilization agents can help the calibration sample 302 maintain its stability and prevent degradation of the components of the calibration sample 302. In various embodiments, the stabilization agent can stabilize the analyte by creating a matrix that mitigates the degradation of the analyte over time, primarily due to environmental factors such as oxidative conditions or fluctuations in temperature and humidity. The stabilization agent can further help maintain the homogeneity of the calibration sample 302.

[0122] Stabilization agents can include a variety of different compounds. Stabilization agents can include, but are not limited to, glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, glycerin, terpenes, or mixtures thereof. The stabilization agent can additionally, or alternatively include buffers such as phosphate, acetate, tris, citric acid, and the like to maintain the pH of the sample. The stabilization agent can additionally, or alternatively, include preservatives such as sodium azide, thimerosal, ethanol, benzoic acid, and the like. The stabilization agent can additionally, or alternatively, include antioxidants such as sodium metabisulfite, ascorbic acid, tertbutylhydroquinone, butylated hydroxytoluene, and the like. The stabilization agent can additionally, or alternatively, include solvent stabilizers such as methanol, acetonitrile,PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0123] isooctane, and the like. The stabilization agent can additionally, or alternatively, include stabilizing salts such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, and the like. The stabilization agent can additionally, or alternatively, include surfactants and emulsifiers such as polysorbate 20, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like. The stabilization agent can additionally, or alternatively, include inert gases such as nitrogen and argon used to displace oxygen in the calibration sample 302.

[0124]

[0125] The detection agent can include one or more vaporization agents. Vaporization agents, when vaporized along with the analyte, can increase the transfer efficiency of the analyte from the capture media of the capture reference structure. Vaporization agents can additionally increase the signal strength of the analyte. By increasing the transfer efficiency, a larger portion of the analyte can reach the detector leading to a more accurate measurement of the amount of the analyte present in the sample.

[0126] Vaporization agents can include a variety of different compounds. Vaporization agents can include, but are not limited to, glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, water, diacetyl, acrolein, vitamin e acetate, diethylene glycol, ethyl maltol, crotonaldehyde, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, or mixtures thereof. In some embodiments, the vaporization agent can be approximately 100% glycerol. In other embodiments, the vaporization agent can be approximately 100% propylene glycol. In further embodiments, the vaporization agent can be approximately 70% glycerol and 30% propylene glycol. It is theorized that a variety of compounds can be sufficient vaporization agents, but testing of the compounds should be done to ensure the compound does not interfere with the detector signal.

[0127] In various embodiments, the vaporization agent can have a boiling point of at least about 150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, 180 °C, 190 °C, 200 °C, 210 °C, 220 °C, or any number in between. In various embodiments, the vaporization agent can have a boiling point of about 170 °C, 188 °C, 193 °C, 200 °C, 220 °C, 290 °C, or any number in between.

[0128] Exemplary vaporization agents and methods of use are described in pending PCT Application No. PCT / US2025 / 057274, owned in common with this application, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Vaporization agents can also be referred to as vaping fluid or e-fluids. Examples of vaporization agents are described in US Patent Publication US2016 / 0198759A1, titled, “E-cigarette or vaping fluid,” which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0129] Solvent

[0130] The detection agent can include one or more solvents. The solvent dissolves the analyte in the calibration sample 302 and creates a homogeneous solution thereby allowing for accurate, and repeatable, calibration of a detection device.

[0131] Solvents can include acetonitrile, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, toluene, xylene, hexane, chloroform, acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), acetic acid, dichloromethane, or mixtures thereof.

[0132] Blister Packs (FIGS. 4-5)

[0133] Referring now to FIG. 4, a top view of a blister pack of reference capture structures is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. A blister pack 400 can include a forming layer 402 having a plurality of protrusions 404 extending from the forming layer 402. The forming layer 402 can be made from any polymer sufficient strong enough to protect the contents of the protrusions 404 while remaining flexible enough to allow an individual to easily release the contents of the protrusions 404 from the blister pack 400. For example, the forming layer 402 can include polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, and the like.

[0134] The protrusions 404 can include a cavity, with each cavity being configured to receive a reference capture structure 406. The reference capture structure 406 can be formed using any of the methods described above. As such, in some embodiments, the reference capture structure 406 can include a calibration sample absorbed into the capture media of the reference capture structure 406. In other embodiments, the reference capture structure 406 can include a known amount of an analyte and optionally one or more vaporization agents and / or stabilization agents.

[0135] Once each of the reference capture structures 406 are positioned within each of the cavities of the protrusions 404, a sealing layer 408 can be positioned over the forming layer 402 to encapsulate the reference capture structures 406 within the protrusions 404. The sealing layer 408 can be made from any material suitable to bond with the forming layer 402 while being sufficient strong enough to protect the reference capture structures 406 contained in the blister pack 400. For example, the sealing layer 408 can be made from aluminum foil.

[0136] The forming layer 402 and the sealing layer 408 can be adhered or sealed together using any suitable means. In some embodiments, the forming layer 402 and the sealing layer 408 can be sealed using a suitable heat-sealing or cold-sealing technique. In otherPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0137] embodiments, the forming layer 402 and the sealing layer 408 can be sealed using a laser sealing technique. In other embodiments, the forming layer 402 and the sealing layer 408 can be sealed using an ultrasonic sealing technique. In other embodiments, the forming layer 402 and the sealing layer 408 can be sealed using a pressure sealing technique.

[0138] An individual, needing to calibrate a detection device, can then simply burst a protrusion 404 and retrieve a single reference capture structure 406 to calibrate the detection device. This provides several benefits. First, the blister pack 400 serves to preserve the integrity and stability of the reference capture structures 406 by placing them in a controlled, sealed environment that protects the reference capture structures 406 from exposure to ambient conditions, such as moisture, light, and air. In various embodiments, when stored in the blister pack 400 under typical controlled storage conditions, such as at a temperature between about 2 °C and about 30 °C and protected from direct light, the reference capture structures 406 can maintain the known amount of analyte within an acceptable tolerance, for example within ±5% of the initial amount, for at least about 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, 12 months, 18 months, 24 months, or any time period in between. In some embodiments, after a protrusion 404 is opened and the corresponding reference capture structure 406 is exposed to ambient conditions, the reference capture structure 406 can be used immediately or within a defined use period, such as within about 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 12 hours, or any time period in between, while maintaining the known amount of analyte within an acceptable tolerance. Second, the blister pack 400 can extend the functional life of the reference capture structures by minimizing any environmental variables. Third, the blister pack allows for the preservation and stability of the other reference capture structures 406 in the blister pack 400 because they will remain sealed. Lastly, the individual does not have to prepare the reference capture structure 406 in order to calibrate the detection device.

[0139] In various embodiments, the reference capture structures 406 can be disposed of after the detection device has been calibrated.

[0140] In various embodiments, the blister pack 400 can include a variety of different concentrations of analyte. For example, the blister pack 400 can include one, two, three, four, five, or six different concentrations of an analyte. It is contemplated that including more than one concentration of analyte in the blister pack 400 can allow an individual to purchase a single blister pack to calibrate a detection device as opposed to purchasing multiple blister packs.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0141] Referring now to FIG. 5, a top view of a blister pack of capture media is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. While blister packs can contain the entire reference capture structure, as illustrated above in FIG. 4, it is also noted that the blister pack 400 can contain just the capture media 500. In various embodiments, the capture media can a calibration sample absorbed into the capture media. In other embodiments, capture media 500 can include a known amount of an analyte and optionally one or more vaporization agents and / or stabilization agents. Each capture media 500 can then be sealed in the blister pack 400. It is noted that by only including the capture media 500 in the blister pack 400, each capture media 500 can be placed in a support frame and the detection device calibrated. This allows for the capture media 500 to be disposable while allowing the support frames to be reused. This can cut down on the waste generated by calibrating the detection device.

[0142] Calibrating Detection Devices

[0143] A variety of different calibration methods can be utilized to calibrate the detection devices discussed herein. The discussion below provides an example of how a detection device can be calibrated.

[0144] In various embodiments, a blank, such as a blank capture structure can be placed in the detection device to establish a baseline or background signal of the detection device. The blank can be water, an environmental fluid sample of ambient conditions, a control fluid sample, or similar fluid to a matrix blank.

[0145] Once the blank has been measured, in various embodiments, a reference capture structure or calibration solution can be placed in the detection device. The detection device can measure the signal response of the reference capture structure or calibration solution to the quantity of analyte using the detector element. In some embodiments, the signal response of the reference capture structure or calibration solution can be measured more than one time. For example, the signal response can be measured once, twice, three times, four times, or more. In some embodiments, more than one reference capture structure or calibration solution can be measured. It is noted that it can be beneficial to measure more than one reference capture structure or calibration solution having varying concentrations of analyte. For example, three, four, five, or six reference capture structures or calibration solutions can be utilized with each having a different concentration of analyte. It is noted that is can be beneficial to measure a variety of concentrations of analyte in the reference capture structure or calibration solution within the range of the analyte a user wants to detect.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0146] After measuring the signal response of one or more reference capture structure or calibration solution, a user can manually perform the following steps to calibrate the detection device. Alternatively, the detection device can automatically perform the following steps to calibrate the detection device. First, the signal responses of each of the reference capture structures or calibration solutions can be plotted against the known concentration of analyte of each to create a calibration curve. Second, a model, such as a linear regression model, can be utilized to determine the line of best fit. Third, one or more parameters of the detection device can be adjusted as needed to calibrate the detection device. Lastly, using the line of best fit, a sample can be tested and the response signal can be converted into a concentration to determine the concentration of analyte present in the sample.

[0147] Exemplary Detection Device (FIG. 6)

[0148] A variety of different detection devices can be calibrated as discussed above. The discussion below provides an example of how various configurations of a detection device 600, such as a breath analyte detection device, can be calibrated, but it is noted that this is merely exemplary. The system of FIG. 6 could be used without a breath inlet for collecting a breath sample.

[0149] Referring now to FIG. 6, a schematic view of a detection device is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. In various examples, the detection device can detect an analyte such as cannabis in a sample. The detection device 600 can first be calibrated to ensure the accuracy of the sample being tested. The detection device 600 can include a housing 602 and, optionally, a breath inlet 604. The housing 602 is preferably a relatively hard durable material that serves to protect the internal components of the detection device 600.

[0150]

[0151] Breath

[0152] In one embodiment, a breath inlet 604 can be positioned on a side of the housing 602, where the detection device is used as a breath detection device. Alternatively, the detection device 600 may not have a breath inlet. If present, the breath inlet 604 can define a breath inflow opening 606. The breath inflow opening 606 can be configured to receive a user’s breath. The breath inlet 604 can receive the mouth of the user providing a breath sample to the detection device 600. The breath inlet 604 can be configured to facilitate the user’s mouth sealing against an exterior surface of the breath inlet 604. Alternatively, the breath inlet 604PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0153] can be configured to receive a breath sample that is provided where the user is spaced apart from the breath inlet 604 and is directing breath toward the breath inlet 604 from a distance.

[0154] In various embodiments, the breath inlet 604 can be configured to be removably attachable to the detection device 600. In some embodiments, the breath inlet 604 can include a mouthpiece. The mouthpiece can be removable by means of a friction or snap fit, or similar mechanism. This permits each user to have a separate mouthpiece for sanitary reasons, it also permits easy cleaning or replacement of the mouthpiece. In various embodiments, the breath inlet 604 can be formed from a substantially rigid material configured to retain its shape when a breath sample is provided to the detection device 600. Alternatively, the breath inlet 604 can be formed from a compliant material configured to conform to a user’s mouth when a breath sample is provided to the detection device 600. The breath inlet 604 can be made from any suitable material or materials including but not limited to plastics, rubbers, silicone, metals, or the like.

[0155] In various embodiments, the user’s breath can travel into the breath inflow opening 606 and through a breath conduit path 608. The breath conduit path 608 can define a breath path 610. In some embodiments, the breath conduit path 608 is connected to a sample stage 612 discussed below. In other embodiments, the breath conduit path 608 is connected to a heater assembly 614, discussed below. The user’s breath can travel into the breath inflow opening 606, through the breath path 610, and into the sample stage 612.

[0156]

[0157] The sample stage 612 can include a capture structure (not shown) configured to capture a sample, such as a liquid or a vapor, including one or more breaths of a user in one example. In this example, the sample stage 612 provides a sample that the detection device 600 can test. In various embodiments, the capture structure can capture one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, or ten breaths of the user, or a range of breaths between these values. In other embodiments, the capture structure can capture a volume of vapor, such as breath provided by a user. For example, the capture structure can capture 0.5 liters, 1.0 liter, 1.5 liters, 2.0 liters, 2.5 liters, 3.0 liters, 3.5 liters, 4.0 liters, or any volume of vapor in between.

[0158] However, prior to the detection device being used to detect an analyte present in the sample on the capture structure, the capture structure can be removed from the sample stage, if it is present, and a reference capture structure 628 can be positioned within the sample stage 612. In various embodiments, the reference capture structure 628 can be easilyPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0159] positioned within and removed from the sample stage 612, such as without the use of tools. In some embodiments, prior to receiving a breath sample, a user can position a reference capture structure 628 within the sample stage 612. The detection device 600 can then test one or more reference capture structures, as discussed below, in order to calibrate the detection device 600. After each reference capture structure is tested, the reference capture structure, such as reference capture structure 628, can be removed from the detection device 600 and the used reference capture structure, such as used reference capture structure 627, can be discarded. Alternatively, the reference capture structure can be cleaned, such as with a high heat process, and reused.

[0160] Heater Assembly

[0161] In various embodiments, after the reference capture structure 628 has been placed on the sample stage 612, a heater assembly 614 can provide heat to the reference capture structure 628. The heater assembly 614 can be configured to increase the temperature of the reference capture structure 628 from a starting temperature, such as room temperature to one or more desired temperatures. In some embodiments, the desired temperature can be a temperature sufficient to vaporize the analyte in the reference capture structure 628. In some embodiments, the desired temperature can be at least the boiling point of the analyte.

[0162] Valve

[0163] In various embodiments, the detection device 600 can include a valve 616. It is herein contemplated that the valve 616 can be a variety of different valves. For example, the valve 616 can include a solenoid valve, a butterfly valve, a diaphragm valve, a gauge valve, a check valve, and the like.

[0164] In various embodiments, the valve 616 can be configured to direct the vaporized components, including the analyte, coming off the capture media of the reference capture structure 628. In a first position, the valve 616 can connect the reference capture structure 628 with the outlet 618, so that any vaporized components having a lower boiling point than the analyte can be drawn out of the detection device 600. In a second position, the valve 616 can connect the reference capture structure 628 with the detector assembly 620, so that the vaporized analyte, such as cannabis, can be drawn into the detector assembly 620. In an optionally third position, the valve 616 can close off vapors coming from the reference capture structure 628 from an outlet 618 and a detector assembly 620.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0165] It is noted that while FIG. 6 illustrates a single valve, more than one valve is contemplated. For example, the detection device 600 can include two valves, three valves, four valves, or more.

[0166] Flow Mechanism

[0167] In various embodiments, the vaporized analyte can be drawn into the detector assembly 620 via a flow mechanism 622, such as a pump. For example, the pump can provide a vacuum or negative pressure through tube 624 and draw the vaporized analyte through the detector assembly 620.

[0168] In various embodiments, the flow mechanism 622 can operate at various flow rates. For example, the flow mechanism 622 can operate at approximately 0.01 Standard Liter Per Minute (SLPM), 1 SLPM, 5 SLPM, 10 SLPM, 15 SLPM, 20 SLPM, 25 SLPM, 30 SLPM, 35 SLPM, 40 SLPM, 45 SLPM, 50 SLPM, 55 SLPM, 60 SLPM, or any flow rate falling in between.

[0169] Detector Assembly

[0170] In various embodiments, the detector assembly 620 can include a detector element configured to measure the vaporized analyte coming off the reference capture structure 628. For example, the detector element can be configured to measure the amount of vaporized cannabis coming off the reference capture structure 628. The detector element can include a variety of detector elements such as semiconductor sensors, infrared (IR) sensors, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors, complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensors, surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors, electrochemical sensors such as fuel cells, cyclic voltametric detectors, amperometric detectors, differential pulse voltametric detectors, square wave voltametric detectors, chemiresistors, impedance detectors, and the like.

[0171] It is further contemplated herein that while the detector assembly 620 is depicted as being within the housing 602 of the detection device 600, the detector assembly 620 can be external to the housing 602. For example, the detector assembly 620 can include an external detector element such as an external gas chromatography (GC) detector, mass spectrometry (MS) detector, gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) detector, gas chromatography -UV spectrometry (GC-UV) detector, proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS), selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS), ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), flourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), laser spectrometry, secondary electrospray ionization (SESLMS), ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy,PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0172] optical spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, fluorescent spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, free induction decay (FID) spectroscopy, and the like.

[0173] Throughout the present application, the detector element is described as detecting a level of a particular analyte. Wherever this is described, it is also possible for the detector element to detect and output an indicator of a presence of that analyte without also detecting and / or outputting a level of that substance.

[0174] Air Inlet

[0175] In various embodiments, the detection device 600 can further include an air inlet 626 positioned upstream of the heater assembly 614. The air inlet 626 can direct ambient air into the heater assembly 614. It is noted that the air inlet 626 can also be configured as a breath inlet to allow a user to provide a breath sample through the air inlet 626. In various embodiments, the air inlet 626 can allow ambient air into the heater assembly 614.

[0176] Heating Step

[0177] In various embodiments, the heater assembly 614 can heat the reference capture structure 628 to a temperature. The temperature can include any temperature above room temperature sufficient to vaporize the analyte on the capture media of the reference capture structure 628. In some embodiments, the temperature can be at or above 40 °C, 45 °C, 50 °C, 55 °C, 60 °C, 65 °C, 70 °C, 75 °C, 80 °C, 85 °C, 90 °C, 95 °C, 100 °C, 101 °C, 102 °C, 103 °C, 104 °C, 105 °C, 106 °C, 107 °C, 108 °C, 109 °C, 110 °C, 115 °C, 120 °C, 140 °C, 160 °C, 180 °C, 200 °C, 250 °C, 300 °C or any temperature range between two of these temperatures. For example, the first temperature can be at least 157 °C sufficient to vaporize cannabis.

[0178] Detection of the Analyte

[0179] In various embodiments, vaporized analyte can flow off the capture media of the reference capture structure 628 and through the valve 616. The valve 616 can be positioned to direct the vaporized analyte through the tube 624 and into the detector assembly 620. In various embodiments, the vaporized analyte can flow through the detector assembly 620 where it is analyzed before exhausted out the outlet 618.

[0180] Second Exemplary Detection Device (FIG. 7)PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0181] In various embodiments, as opposed to the sample stage configured to hold both the capture structure and the reference capture structure, the detection device can include separate sample stages to hold each, thereby decreasing the number of times the user has to switch out the capture structures after calibrating the device or testing a sample. Referring now to FIG. 7, a schematic view of a detection device is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. In various embodiments, detection device 600 can include a reference capture structure 700 positioned in a reference sample stage 701. The reference capture structure 700 allows the detector assembly 620 to compare the test sample received via the capture structure 702, positioned within the testing sample stage 703, with a reference sample such as an analytical standard or an environmental sample.

[0182] In various embodiments, the flow mechanism 622 operates as a push mechanism and the heater assembly 614 heats the capture structure 702 and the reference capture structure 700. Vaporized components from each of the capture structure 702 and reference capture structure 700 can reach the detector assembly 620.

[0183] In various embodiments, the valve 616 can operate in a first position to allow the vaporized analyte of the reference capture structure 700 to reach the detector assembly 620. In a second position, the valve 616 can operate to allow the vaporized components of the capture structure 702 to reach the detector assembly 620. In a third position, the valve 616 can be in a closed position thereby preventing any vaporized components from reaching the detector assembly 620.

[0184] Third Exemplary Detection Device (FIGS. 8-10)

[0185] Referring now to FIG. 8, a side view of a detection device is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. In various embodiments, the detection device 800 can include heater assembly 614 containing the reference capture structure (not shown). The heater assembly 614 can be positioned upstream of a detector assembly 620. A locking collar 804 can wrap around a portion of the heater assembly 614 and detector assembly 620. The locking collar 804 can be configured to lock the heater assembly 614 to the detector assembly 620. The detector assembly 620 can include a switch valve 802.

[0186] In various embodiments, heated air generated by the heater assembly 614 can travel downstream to the detector assembly 620. In some embodiments, the heated air can travel through the capture media of the reference capture structure thereby heating the sample components on the capture media. After passing through the capture media, the heated air and the vaporized sample components can pass into the detector assembly 620. In somePDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0187] embodiments, the heated air and vaporized sample components can pass through the switch valve 802 and into the detector element whereby the vaporized sample components can be measured.

[0188] In other embodiments, the heated air can bypass the reference capture structure and travel through a bypass channel of the heater assembly discussed in more detail below. After bypassing the reference capture structure, the heated air can pass into the detector assembly 620. In some embodiments, the heated air can pass through the switch valve 802 and into the detector element of the detector assembly 620.

[0189] FIG. 9 provides a bottom view of detection device 800, including the detector assembly 620. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the detection device 800 of FIG. 9, wherein the plane of the cross-section is indicated by line 10-10 in FIG. 9, in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0190] Temperature Sensors

[0191] In various embodiments, the detection device 800 can further include one or more temperature sensors. As FIG. 8 illustrates, the detection device 800 can include a first temperature sensor 806, a second temperature sensor 808, and a third temperature sensor 810. The first temperature sensor 806 can be positioned downstream of the heater assembly 614 and upstream of the reference capture structure 628. The first temperature sensor 806 can measure a first temperature at a first measurement location 1012. The detection device 800 can further include a second temperature sensor 808 positioned downstream of the reference capture structure 628 and upstream of the detector assembly 620. The second temperature sensor 808 can measure a second temperature at a second measurement location 1014. The detection device 800 can further include a third temperature sensor 810 positioned upstream of the reference capture structure 628 within the detector assembly 620. The third temperature sensor 810 can measure a third temperature at a third measurement location 1016.

[0192] In various embodiments, the first temperature sensor 806, the second temperature sensor 808, and the third temperature sensor 810 can be a variety of temperature sensors. Exemplary temperature sensors include thermocouples, resistance temperature detectors (RTD), thermistors, infrared (IR) sensors, bimetallic sensors, gas thermometers, fiber optic sensors, solid-state sensors, and the like. In various embodiments, the first temperature sensor 806 is a thermocouple. In various embodiments, the second temperature sensor 808 is a thermocouple. In various embodiments, the third temperature sensor 810 is a thermocouple.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0193] In various embodiments, the first temperature sensor 806 is configured to measure the temperature of the air coming off the heater assembly 614 before passing through the reference capture structure 628. It will be noted that monitoring the temperature coming off the heater assembly 614 can be beneficial to ensure the reference capture structure 628 receives the desired temperature.

[0194] In various embodiments, the second temperature sensor 808 is configured to measure the temperature of the volatile components coming off the reference capture structure 628. It will be noted that monitoring the temperature of the volatile components coming off the reference capture structure 628 can be beneficial in ensuring the desired components are being vaporized.

[0195] In various embodiments, the third temperature sensor 810 is configured to measure the temperature of the volatile components prior to reaching the detector element of the detector assembly 620. Measuring the volatile component right before reaching the detector element can be beneficial in ensuring the volatile components are at the desired temperature before being detected.

[0196] It is noted that the first temperature sensor 806, the second temperature sensor 808, and the third temperature sensor 810 are positioned in optimized positions to reduce any temperature overshoots and improve the responsiveness of the detection device 800.

[0197] While FIGS. 8 and 10 illustrate the temperature sensors 806, 808, and 810 at specific locations within the detection device 800, it will be understood that the locations of the temperatures 806, 808, and 810 can vary and be positioned at different locations within the detection device 800.

[0198] Reference Capture Structure

[0199] In various embodiments, the detection device 800 can include heater assembly 614, reference capture structure 628, and detector assembly 620. In various embodiments, the reference capture structure 628 can be positioned downstream of the heater assembly 614. In various embodiments, the reference capture structure 628 can be positioned within the breath conduit path 608. As shown, the reference capture structure 628 can be supported within the breath conduit path 608 by being positioned on a sample stage 1000. The reference capture structure 628 can be oriented against a rim of sample stage 1000, such that the reference capture structure 628 is lodged or trapped against the rim.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0200] Switch Valve

[0201] In various embodiments, the detection device 800 includes a switch valve 802 positioned within the detector assembly 620. The switch valve 802 can include a switch valve actuator 1008 positioned within a switch valve channel 1010. The switch valve channel 1010 can be configured to receive the switch valve actuator 1008. The switch valve 802 is configured to direct the air flow coming off the heater assembly 614. In some embodiments, the switch valve actuator 1008 can be in a first position as illustrated in FIG. 10, thereby directing the heated air from the heater assembly 614 to pass through the capture media of the reference capture structure 628, through channel 1002 of the switch valve actuator 1008, and into the detector element.

[0202] However, the switch valve actuator 1008 can be in a second position so that the heated air from the heater assembly 614 is directed through the channel 1004. In the second position, the heated air from the heater assembly 614 bypasses the reference capture structure 628 and instead travels through bypass channel 1006 and channel 1004 before entering the detector element. It is noted that by bypassing the reference capture structure 628, the heated air, free of any vaporized components coming off the capture media of the reference capture structure 628, can preheat the detector element. By preheating the detector element an improved electrical signal response is observed from the detector element.

[0203] The switch valve actuator 1008 can also be positioned in a third position such that channels 1002 and 1004 do not align with either the reference capture structure 628 or the bypass channel 1006. Here, the switch valve actuator 1008 is in a closed position that prevents the heated air from reaching the detector element.

[0204] Heater Assembly (FIGS. 11-12)

[0205] In various embodiments, the heater assembly 614 can be positioned upstream of the reference capture structure 628. Referring now to FIG. 11, a side view of a heater assembly is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. The heater assembly 614 can include heater element 1100 positioned within the heater assembly 614. In various embodiments, the heater assembly 614 can further include a sample stage 612 configured to hold the reference capture structure (not shown).

[0206] Referring now to FIG. 12, a perspective view of a heater assembly is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. The heater assembly 614 can include sample stage 612. In various embodiments, the reference capture structure (not shown) can be positioned within and removed from the sample stage 612. It is noted that the sample stagePDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0207] 612 allows for the reference capture structure to be easily taken in and out of the sample stage 612 which allows for the reference capture structure to be removed and replaced as necessary.

[0208] Methods (FIG. 13)

[0209] Many different methods are contemplated herein, including, but not limited to, methods of making, methods of using, and the like. Aspects of system / device operation described elsewhere herein can be performed as operations of one or more methods in accordance with various embodiments herein.

[0210] Referring now to FIG. 13, a flow diagram of a method is shown in accordance with various embodiments herein. FIG. 13 shows a method 1300 of performing a calibration process of a detection device. The method can include installing a reference capture structure having a known amount of analyte on a sample stage of a detection device 1302. In various embodiments, the analyte can be a variety of compounds. For example, the analyte can be cannabis.

[0211] The method can further include heating the reference capture structure to vaporize the analyte 1304. In various embodiments, the reference capture structure can be heated to a temperature at or above the boiling point of the analyte on the reference capture structure. In various embodiments, the reference capture structure can be heated to a least 157 °C to vaporize the cannabis analyte.

[0212] The method can further include detecting an amount of the analyte 1306. In various embodiments, the vaporized analyte can travel from the capture media of the reference capture structure to the detector element of the detection device. The detector element can produce a signal indicating the amount of analyte detected.

[0213] The method can further include calibrating the detection device based on the amount of analyte detected 1308. In various embodiments, the signal produced by the detector element can be correlated to the known amount of analyte present on the capture media of the capture structure. In various embodiments, the detection device can automatically calibrate the detection device, including modifying any parameters necessary, using the signal received from the detector element and the known amount of analyte. In other embodiments, an individual can manually calibrate the detection device using the signal received from the detector element and the known amount of analyte. It is noted that multiple reference capture structures having varying amounts of analyte can be heated and a signal received from thePDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0214] detector element. Providing multiple reference capture structures can increase the accuracy of the calibration, and thus, the detection device.

[0215] Computer Systems (FIG. 14)

[0216] The systems and methods presented here may be implemented in part using a computerized device, such as a smartphone, handheld, or other computerized device. FIG. 14 shows a computerized detection system consistent with various examples described herein. FIG. 14 illustrates only one particular example of computing device 1400, and other computing devices 1400 may be used in other embodiments. Although computing device 1400 is shown as a standalone computing device, computing device 1400 may be any component or system that includes one or more processors or another suitable computing environment for executing software instructions in other examples and need not include all the elements shown here.

[0217] As shown in the specific example of FIG. 14, computing device 1400 includes one or more processors 1402, memory 1404, one or more input devices 1406, one or more output devices 1408, one or more communication modules 1410, and one or more storage devices 1412. Computing device 1400, in one example, further includes an operating system 1416 executable by computing device 1400. The operating system includes in various examples services such as a network service 1418. One or more applications, such as an analyte detection application 1420 and a calibration application 1422, are also stored on storage device 1412 and are executable by computing device 1400.

[0218] Each of components 1402, 1404, 1406, 1408, 1410, and 1412 may be interconnected (physically, communicatively, and / or operatively) for inter-component communications, such as via one or more communication channels 1414. In some examples, communication channels 1414 include a system bus, network connection, inter-processor communication network, or any other channel for communicating data. Applications such as analyte detection application 1420, calibration application 1422, and operating system 1416 may also communicate information with one another as well as with other components in computing device 1400.

[0219] Processors 1402, in one example, are configured to implement functionality and / or process instructions for execution within computing device 1400. For example, processors 1402 may be capable of processing instructions stored in storage device 1412 or memory 1404. Examples of processors 1402 include any one or more of a microprocessor, aPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0220] controller, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or similar discrete or integrated logic circuitry.

[0221] One or more storage devices 1412 may be configured to store information within computing device 1400 during operation. Storage device 1412, in some examples, is known as a computer-readable storage medium. In some examples, storage device 1412 comprises temporary memory, meaning that a primary purpose of storage device 1412 is not long-term storage. Storage device 1412 in some examples includes a volatile memory, meaning that storage device 1412 does not maintain stored contents when computing device 1400 is turned off. In other examples, data is loaded from storage device 1412 into memory 1404 during operation. Examples of volatile memories include random access memories (RAM), dynamic random-access memories (DRAM), static random-access memories (SRAM), and other forms of volatile memories known in the art. In some examples, storage device 1412 is used to store program instructions for execution by processors 1402. Storage device 1412 and memory 1404, in various examples, are used by software or applications running on computing device 1400 such as analyte detection application 1420 to temporarily store information during program execution.

[0222] Storage device 1412, in some examples, includes one or more computer-readable storage media that may be configured to store larger amounts of information than volatile memory. Storage device 1412 may further be configured for long-term storage of information. In some examples, storage devices 1412 include non-volatile storage elements. Examples of such non-volatile storage elements include magnetic hard discs, optical discs, floppy discs, flash memories, or forms of electrically programmable memories (EPROM) or electrically erasable and programmable (EEPROM) memories.

[0223] Computing device 1400, in some examples, also includes one or more communication modules 1410. Computing device 1400, in one example, uses communication module 1410 to communicate with external devices via one or more networks, such as one or more wireless networks. Communication module 1410 may be a network interface card, such as an Ethernet card, an optical transceiver, a radio frequency transceiver, or any other type of device that can send and / or receive information. Other examples of such network interfaces include Bluetooth, 3G, 4G, LTE, 5G, Wi-Fi radios, and Near-Field Communications (NFC), and Universal Serial Bus (USB). In some examples, computing device 1400 uses communication module 1410 to wirelessly communicate with an external device such as via public network such as the Internet.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0224] Computing device 1400 also includes, in one example, one or more input devices 1406. Input device 1406, in some examples, is configured to receive input from a user through tactile, audio, or video input. Examples of input device 1406 include a touchscreen display, a mouse, a keyboard, a voice responsive system, video camera, microphone, or any other type of device for detecting input from a user.

[0225] One or more output devices 1408 may also be included in computing device 1400. Output device 1408, in some examples, is configured to provide output to a user using tactile, audio, or video stimuli. Output device 1408, in one example, includes a display, a sound card, a video graphics adapter card, or any other type of device for converting a signal into an appropriate form understandable to humans or machines. Additional examples of output device 1408 include a speaker, a light-emitting diode (LED) display, a liquid crystal display (LCD), or any other type of device that can generate output to a user.

[0226] Computing device 1400 may include operating system 1416. Operating system 1416, in some examples, controls the operation of components of computing device 1400, and provides an interface from various applications such as analyte detection application 1420 and calibration application 1422 to components of computing device 1400. For example, operating system 1416, in one example, facilitates the communication of various applications such as analyte detection application 1420 and calibration application 1422 with processors 1402, communication unit 1410, storage device 1412, input device 1406, and output device 1408. Applications such as analyte detection application 1420 and calibration application 1422 may include program instructions and / or data that are executable by computing device 1400. As one example, analyte detection application 1420 may include instructions that cause computing device 1400 to perform one or more of the operations and actions described in the examples presented herein. Instead of or in addition to an analyte detection application 1420, the system may include an intoxication detection application, an intoxication interlock application, a personal monitoring application, a substance detection application, or other applications. As another example, the calibration application 1422 may include instructions that cause computing device 1400 to modify one or more of its operations described in the examples presented herein.

[0227] Example 1: Reference Capture Structure MaterialsPDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0228] In a first example, a reference capture structure was prepared as a calibration standard for analyte detection. The reference capture structure included a capture media formed from a Nomex® material and a support frame formed from silicone. The capture media was configured to absorb a sample including a known amount of analyte, and the silicone support frame radially surrounded an outer perimeter of the capture media to support and position the capture media during subsequent heating and vaporization steps in a detection device.

[0229] In a second example, a reference capture structure was prepared as a calibration standard for analyte detection. The reference capture structure included a capture media formed from a Nomex® material and a support frame formed from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The capture media was configured to absorb a sample including a known amount of analyte, and the PTFE support frame radially surrounded an outer perimeter of the capture media to support and position the capture media during subsequent heating and vaporization steps in a detection device.

[0230] Example 2: Calibration Sample Components

[0231] In a first example of a calibration sample was prepared. The calibration sample included tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as the analyte at a known concentration of 0.1 mg / mL, corresponding to approximately 0.1% by volume of the calibration sample. The calibration sample further included a detection agent constituting approximately 99.9% by volume of the calibration sample. The detection agent included a stabilization agent including glycol, a vaporization agent including glycerol, and a solvent including methanol. The calibration sample was deposited onto the capture media using a pipette to dispense a defined volume of about 5 pL, so that the capture media absorbed the calibration standard, thereby forming a reference capture structure suitable for use as a calibration standard in a detection device.

[0232] In a second example of a calibration sample was prepared. The calibration sample included tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as the analyte at a known concentration of 0.2 mg / mL, corresponding to approximately 0.01% by volume of the calibration sample. The calibration sample further included a detection agent constituting approximately 99.99% by volume of the calibration sample. The detection agent included a stabilization agent including a combination of glycol and glycerin (50 / 50), a vaporization agent including a combination of glycerol and propylene glycol (70 / 30), and a solvent including ethanol. The calibration sample was deposited onto the capture media using a pipette to dispense a defined volume of about 5 pL, so that the capture media absorbed the calibration standard, thereby forming a reference capture structure suitable for use as a calibration standard in a detection device.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0233] In a third example of a calibration sample was prepared. The calibration sample included terpenes as the analyte at a known concentration of 0.1 mg / mL, corresponding to approximately 0.5% by volume of the calibration sample. The calibration sample further included a detection agent constituting approximately 99.5% by volume of the calibration sample. The detection agent included a stabilization agent including polyethylene glycol, a vaporization agent including glycerol, and a solvent including acetone. The calibration sample was deposited onto the capture media using a pipette to dispense a defined volume of about 5 pL, so that the capture media absorbed the calibration standard, thereby forming a reference capture structure suitable for use as a calibration standard in a detection device.

[0234] It should be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be noted that the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and / or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.

[0235] It should also be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the phrase “configured” describes a system, apparatus, or other structure that is constructed or configured to perform a particular task or adopt a particular configuration. The phrase "configured" can be used interchangeably with other similar phrases such as arranged and configured, constructed and arranged, constructed, manufactured and arranged, and the like.

[0236] All publications and patent applications in this specification are indicative of the level of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. All publications and patent applications are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication or patent application was specifically and individually indicated by reference.

[0237] As used herein, the recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints shall include all numbers subsumed within that range (e.g., 2 to 8 includes 2.1, 2.8, 5.3, 7, etc.).

[0238] The headings used herein are provided for consistency with suggestions under 37 CFR 1.77 or otherwise to provide organizational cues. These headings shall not be viewed to limit or characterize the invention(s) set out in any claims that may issue from this disclosure. As an example, although the headings refer to a “Field,” such claims should not be limited by the language chosen under this heading to describe the so-called technical field. Further, a description of a technology in the “Background” is not an admission that technology is prior art to any invention(s) in this disclosure. Neither is the “Summary” to be considered as a characterization of the invention(s) set forth in issued claims.

[0239] The embodiments described herein are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed in the following detailed description. Rather, thePDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1

[0240] embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art can appreciate and understand the principles and practices. As such, aspects have been described with reference to various specific and preferred embodiments and techniques. However, it should be understood that many variations and modifications may be made while remaining within the spirit and scope herein.

Claims

PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU1The Claims Are:

1. A calibration standard for analyte detection, comprising:a reference capture structure comprising a sample, wherein the sample comprises a known amount of analyte, the reference capture structure comprising:a capture media; anda support frame surrounding the capture media.

2. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the analyte comprises at least one of tetrahydrocannabinol, terpene compounds, ethanol, and acetone.

3. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the sample further comprises a detection agent.

4. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 3, wherein the detection agent comprises at least one of a stabilization agent and a vaporization agent.

5. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 4, wherein the stabilization agent comprises glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or terpenes.

6. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 4, wherein the vaporization agent comprises at least one of glycerol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, vegetable glycerin, or mixtures thereof.

7. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the capture media comprises an aramid polymer filter material.

8. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 7, wherein the aramid polymer filter material comprises a Nomex® material.

9. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the capture media is configured to absorb the sample.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU110. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 9, wherein the capture media absorbs at least 5 microliters of the sample.

11. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 2, wherein the analyte comprises tetrahydrocannabinol, wherein the tetrahydrocannabinol is in an amount between 0.1 mg / mL to 1 mg / mL.

12. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the support frame comprises a material having a thermal stability between 250 °C to 400 °C.

13. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 12, wherein the material is silicone, rubber, Viton, or a polymer.

14. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 13, wherein the polymer is polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or polyimide.

15. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the support frame radially surrounds an outer perimeter of the capture media, and wherein the support frame comprises one or more retaining features configured to engage a corresponding portion of the capture media.

16. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the support frame is configured to be removable from the capture media.

17. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 15, wherein the support frame is disposable.

18. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the capture media comprises mesh.

19. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 18, wherein the mesh is dissolvable.

20. The calibration standard for analyte detection of claim 1, wherein the capture media is disposable.PDSD Ref. No.: 365.0130WOU121. A calibration system for analyte detection, comprising:a reference capture structure comprising a sample, wherein the sample comprises a known amount of analyte, the reference capture structure comprising:a capture media; anda support frame surrounding the capture structure media;a detection device comprising:a sample stage for receiving the reference capture structure;a heater assembly configured to vaporize the analyte; anda detector assembly configured to:receive the one or more vaporized sample components; and detect an amount of the analyte.

22. A blister pack, comprising:a plurality of reference capture structures, wherein each of the plurality of reference capture structures comprises a sample, wherein the sample comprises a known amount of analyte, each of the plurality of reference capture structure comprising a capture media;a plurality of protrusions extending from a forming layer, wherein each of the plurality of protrusions includes a cavity, wherein each of the cavities is configured to receive each of the plurality of reference capture structures;a sealing layer adhered to the forming layer, wherein the sealing layer encapsulates the plurality of reference capture structures within the cavities.

23. The blister pack of claim 22, wherein each of the plurality of reference capture structures further comprises a support frame surrounding the capture media.

24. The blister pack of claim 22, wherein each of the plurality of reference capture structures have a sample containing a different known amount of analyte.

25. A method for calibrating a detection device, comprising:installing a reference capture structure on a sample stage of the detection device, whereinthe reference capture structure comprises a sample, wherein the sample comprisesa known amount of analyte;PDSD Ref No.: 365.0130WOU1heating, using a heater assembly, the reference capture structure to vaporize the analyte;detecting, using a detector assembly, an amount of the analyte; and calibrating the detection device based on the amount of analyte detected.

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