Connecting tube assembly and tube mechanism

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of clinical medical instruments, and provides a connecting tube assembly and a tube mechanism, so as to solve the problem that ventilation via an existing tracheal tube is prone to cause airway compression injury. The connecting tube assembly comprises a connecting tube body and a first connector, wherein the first connector is configured to be inserted into a sleeving member and connect an tracheal tube assembly to the connecting tube body; the tracheal tube assembly comprises a first tube section, and the connecting tube body comprises a second tube section; the second tube section is located at a machine end of the connecting tube body and is provided with a first through hole penetrating the side wall of the second tube section; the outer wall of the second tube section is provided with a first sealing portion, and the first sealing portion can seal the space between the connecting tube body and the sleeving member; in the direction from the machine end to the patient end, the first sealing portion and the first through hole are sequentially arranged; the inner diameter of the second tube section is greater than the inner diameter of the first tube section. The present invention can reduce the outer diameter of a tracheal tube and reduce compression injury to the narrowest part of the patient's airway during ventilation.

Description

A connecting tube assembly and conduit mechanism Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of clinical medical device technology, and more specifically, to connecting tube assemblies and catheter mechanisms. Background Technology

[0002] During general anesthesia, an artificial airway is usually inserted into the patient. This includes a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and an endotracheal tube. The advantages of a LMA are minimal trauma, patient comfort, and fewer complications; the disadvantages are the potential for airway obstruction and increased airway pressure. The advantages of an endotracheal tube are a patent airway and low airway pressure; the disadvantages are the risk of airway compression injury and more complications.

[0003] The endotracheal intubation procedure is as follows: A laryngoscope is inserted through the patient's mouth to expose the glottis, and an endotracheal tube, or a laryngeal mask airway, is inserted. A suitable endotracheal tube is then inserted into the patient's airway, and the cuff is inflated to maintain pressure against the tracheal mucosa. In some cases, the insertion and retention of the endotracheal tube in the airway can cause damage to the patient's mouth, pharynx, and trachea. Exposing the glottis through a laryngoscope can cause damage to the oral cavity and pharynx; moreover, to reduce respiratory resistance, endotracheal tubes with larger inner and outer diameters are generally selected, which increases the risk of damage to the pharynx and glottis; after insertion, the inflated cuff maintains pressure against the airway mucosa for an extended period, which, while preventing aspiration, can lead to ischemia and necrosis of the airway mucosa.

[0004] Currently, the endotracheal tubes used in clinical practice are fixed-diameter endotracheal tubes. Choosing to use an endotracheal tube with a small inner and outer diameter will increase respiratory resistance, while choosing an endotracheal tube with a large inner and outer diameter will increase the risk of injury to the pharynx. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first aspect of this application aims to provide a connecting tube assembly and a catheter mechanism to solve the technical problem that airway compression injury is easily caused by existing endotracheal tube ventilation.

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a connecting tube assembly, including a connecting tube body and a first connector. The first connector is configured to be inserted into a sleeve and connect an endotracheal tube assembly and the connecting tube body. The endotracheal tube assembly includes a first tube segment. The connecting tube body includes a second tube segment. The second tube segment is located at the machine end of the connecting tube body and has a first through hole penetrating the side wall of the second tube segment. The outer wall of the second tube segment has a first sealing portion, which can seal the space between the connecting tube body and the sleeve. The first sealing portion and the first through hole are arranged sequentially along the direction from the machine end to the patient end. The inner diameter of the second tube segment is larger than the inner diameter of the first tube segment.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the endotracheal tube in this application are:

[0008] With this configuration, the first through-hole connects the inside and outside of the second tube segment. Although the inner diameter of the first tube segment is small, ventilation can still be achieved by utilizing the first space between the first tube segment and the patient's airway, as well as the gap between the first tube segment and the narrowest part of the patient's airway. The inner diameter of the second tube segment is larger than that of the first tube segment, which can be used to ensure the cross-sectional area for gas flow. This achieves a balance between reducing damage to the patient's airway and glottis, ensuring the size of the ventilation cross-section, and reducing respiratory resistance.

[0009] In an optional technical solution, the first sealing part is a second connector, and the second connector is configured to be sealed to the machine end of the sleeve.

[0010] In an optional technical solution, the connecting tube assembly further includes a second sealing part located on the patient end side of the first through hole. The second sealing part can switch between an open state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly is open and a blocked state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly is blocked.

[0011] In an optional technical solution, the second sealing part is an inflatable airbag.

[0012] In an optional technical solution, the inflatable airbag is connected to a pressure indicator.

[0013] In an optional technical solution, the wall of the connecting pipe assembly is provided with at least one first gas sampling pipe and / or at least one first drainage pipe.

[0014] The second aspect of this application aims to provide an endotracheal tube assembly to solve the technical problem that airway compression injury is easily caused by existing endotracheal tube ventilation.

[0015] A second aspect of this application aims to provide a catheter mechanism comprising a sealed endotracheal tube assembly and a connecting tube assembly, the endotracheal tube assembly being for passing through a sleeve and into a patient's airway; the endotracheal tube assembly including a first tube segment; the endotracheal tube assembly and the connecting tube assembly including a second tube segment, or the connecting tube assembly including a second tube segment; the second tube segment being located at the machine end of the catheter mechanism and having a first through hole and a first sealing portion sequentially disposed from the patient end to the machine end, the first through hole penetrating the tube wall of the catheter mechanism; the first sealing portion being disposed on the connecting tube assembly and capable of sealingly connecting with the sleeve, and configured to seal the space between the connecting tube assembly and the sleeve; the inner diameter of the second tube segment being larger than the inner diameter of the first tube segment.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the endotracheal tube in this application are:

[0017] With this configuration, the first through-hole connects the inside and outside of the second tube segment. Although the inner diameter of the first tube segment is small, ventilation can still be achieved by utilizing the first space between the first tube segment and the patient's airway, as well as the gap between the first tube segment and the narrowest part of the patient's airway. The inner diameter of the second tube segment is larger than that of the first tube segment, which can be used to ensure the cross-sectional area for gas flow. This achieves a balance between reducing damage to the patient's airway and glottis, ensuring the size of the ventilation cross-section, and reducing respiratory resistance.

[0018] In the optional technical solutions, the connecting pipe assembly is any of the connecting pipe assemblies described above.

[0019] In an optional technical solution, the first sealing part is located on the outer wall of the connecting pipe assembly.

[0020] In an optional technical solution, the first sealing part is a second connector, and the second connector is configured to be sealed to the machine end of the sleeve.

[0021] In an optional technical solution, the catheter mechanism further includes a second sealing part located on the patient end side of the first through hole. The second sealing part is switchable between an open state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly is open and a blocked state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly is blocked.

[0022] In an optional technical solution, the second sealing part is an inflatable airbag.

[0023] In an optional technical solution, the inflatable airbag is connected to a pressure indicator.

[0024] In an optional technical solution, the first through hole is located in the connecting tube assembly and / or the endotracheal tube assembly, and the second sealing part is located in the endotracheal tube assembly.

[0025] In an optional technical solution, the conduit mechanism has at least one gas sampling tube and / or at least one drainage tube in its tube wall. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or background art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or background art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe assembly provided in Embodiment 1.

[0028] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1 (AA).

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endotracheal tube assembly inserted into the patient's airway when the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 1 is applied to an artificial airway.

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 1 when applied to an artificial airway in the expiratory state.

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 1 when applied to an artificial airway in the inspiratory state.

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endotracheal tube assembly inserted into the patient's airway when the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 2 is applied to an artificial airway.

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 2 when applied to an artificial airway in the inhalation state.

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 2 when applied to an artificial airway in the expiratory state.

[0035] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endotracheal tube assembly inserted into the patient's airway when the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 3 is applied to an artificial airway.

[0036] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 3, which is used for air delivery in the second ventilation chamber of the artificial airway, and the tracheal tube assembly is used for air intake, with the inflatable cuff in the exhalation state.

[0037] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 3 applied to the artificial airway in the second ventilation chamber for air outlet, the tracheal tube assembly for air inlet, and the inhalation state when the inflatable airbag is blocked.

[0038] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 3 applied to the artificial airway in the second ventilation chamber for air outlet, the tracheal tube assembly for air inlet, and the inflatable airbag in the inhalation state after shrinking.

[0039] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endotracheal tube assembly inserted into the patient's airway when the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 6 is applied to an artificial airway.

[0040] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 6, which is used for air delivery in the second ventilation chamber of the artificial airway, and the tracheal tube assembly is used for air intake, with the inflatable cuff in the exhalation state.

[0041] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 6 applied to the artificial airway in the second ventilation chamber for air outlet, the tracheal tube assembly for air inlet, and the inhalation state when the inflatable airbag is blocked.

[0042] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 6 applied to the artificial airway in the second ventilation chamber for air outlet, the tracheal tube assembly for air inlet, and the inflatable airbag in the inhalation state after shrinking.

[0043] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endotracheal tube assembly inserted into the patient's airway when another implementation of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 6 is applied to an artificial airway.

[0044] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endotracheal tube assembly inserted into the patient's airway when another implementation of the connecting tube assembly provided in Embodiment 6 is applied to an artificial airway.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10-Connecting tube assembly; 11-Connecting tube body; 12-First connector; 13-Second tube segment; 14-First through hole; 15-First sealing part; 16-First gas sampling tube; 17-First drainage tube; 18-Second connector; 19-Inflatable cuff; 191-Cuff inflation tube; 21-Laryngeal mask airway body; 22-Laryngeal mask airway cuff; 23-First ventilation chamber; 24-Mask body cavity; 25-Second ventilation chamber; 26-Laryngeal mask tubing; 27-Second space; 30-Tracheal tube assembly; 31-First tube segment; 32-Second gas sampling tube; 33-Second drainage tube; 40-Patient airway; 41-First space. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] As shown in Figures 1-5, the connecting tube assembly 10 provided in Embodiment 1 includes a connecting tube body 11 and a first connector 12. The first connector 12 is configured to be inserted into the sleeve and connect the endotracheal tube assembly 30 and the connecting tube body 11. The endotracheal tube assembly 30 includes a first tube segment 31. The connecting tube body 11 includes a second tube segment 13. The second tube segment 13 is located at the machine end of the connecting tube body 11 and has a first through hole 14 penetrating the side wall of the second tube segment 13. The outer wall of the second tube segment 13 is provided with a first sealing part 15, which can seal the space between the connecting tube body 11 and the sleeve. The first sealing part 15 and the first through hole 14 are arranged sequentially along the direction from the machine end to the patient end. The inner diameter of the second tube segment 13 is larger than the inner diameter of the first tube segment 31.

[0049] With this configuration, the first through hole 14 connects the inside and outside of the second tube segment 13. Although the inner diameter of the first tube segment 31 is small, ventilation can still be carried out by utilizing the first space 41 between the first tube segment 31 and the patient's airway 40, as well as the gap between the narrowest part of the first tube segment 31 and the patient's airway 40. The inner diameter of the second tube segment 13 is larger than that of the first tube segment 31. The larger inner diameter of the second tube segment 13 can be used to ensure the cross-sectional area for gas flow, thereby achieving a balance between reducing damage to the patient's airway 40 and glottis, ensuring the size of the ventilation cross-section, and reducing respiratory resistance.

[0050] For example, in adult males in my country, the inner diameter of the endotracheal tube is typically 7.5mm to 8.5mm. To reduce breathing resistance, the cross-sectional area of ​​the endotracheal tube extending into the patient's airway 40 needs to be increased, requiring the endotracheal tube to be made as thick as possible; for example, the inner diameter could be set to 8mm. However, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the first segment 31 of the endotracheal tube can be set to 7mm, 6mm, or even smaller. Correspondingly, the outer diameter is also reduced, minimizing damage to the patient's airway 40. The endotracheal tube assembly 30 in this embodiment can be inserted into the patient's airway 40 through the laryngeal mask assembly.

[0051] The device includes a laryngeal mask airway assembly and a laryngeal mask body 21 connected to the laryngeal mask airway assembly. The laryngeal mask body 21 includes a laryngeal mask cuff 22, which is used to fit the patient's pharynx. The laryngeal mask airway assembly may include a laryngeal mask airway 26 directly connected to the laryngeal mask body 21, a laryngeal mask connector (not shown in the figure) connecting the laryngeal mask airway 26 to other tubing, and a laryngeal mask connecting tube (not shown in the figure) connecting the laryngeal mask connector. The internal space of the laryngeal mask airway 26 forms a first ventilation chamber 23. The laryngeal mask body 21 forms a mask body cavity 24. A first tube segment 31 can be inserted into the patient's airway 40 sequentially through the first ventilation chamber 23 and the mask body cavity 24. It should be noted that the laryngeal mask connector is not the focus of this application's improvement, so it is shown schematically with a rectangular box and its specific structure is not drawn. In the specific implementation of this application, the laryngeal mask tube 26 is mainly used as an example to introduce the structure and relative positional relationship between the laryngeal mask tube assembly and the connecting tube assembly 10. Those skilled in the art should know that the corresponding structure can also be set between other parts of the laryngeal mask tube assembly and the connecting tube assembly 10, for example, between the laryngeal mask connector, the laryngeal mask connecting tube and the connecting tube assembly 10.

[0052] Therefore, although ventilation can only be achieved through the connecting tube assembly 10, this arrangement reduces the gap between the inner circumferential surface of the laryngeal mask airway assembly and the connecting tube assembly 10. This increases the inner and outer diameters of the connecting tube body 11, thereby increasing the ventilation cross-sectional area and reducing inspiratory and expiratory resistance.

[0053] Specifically, a portion of the inhaled air enters the first section 31 directly through the second section 13, while the other portion enters the second section 13 and passes through the first through-hole 14 into the second space 27, the mask cavity 24, and the first space 41 within the laryngeal mask airway 26. Both portions of inhaled air then enter the patient's lungs. A portion of the exhaled air enters the second section 13 through the first section 31, while the other portion passes through the first space 41 and the mask cavity 24 into the second space 27 of the laryngeal mask airway 26, then through the first through-hole 14 into the second section 13. Both portions of exhaled air then enter the anesthesia machine.

[0054] In this application, for various tubes, cavities, or connectors, the end closest to the patient's body is the patient end of the structure, and the end furthest from the patient's body, that is, the end closest to the machine connected to the artificial airway, is the machine end of the structure.

[0055] Furthermore, it should be noted that the relative thicknesses and proportions of the endotracheal tube, laryngeal mask airway 26, patient airway 40, and the first drainage tube 17, first gas sampling tube 16, second ventilation chamber 25, and cuff inflation tube 191 described later in the accompanying drawings are merely schematic representations intended to provide clarity and facilitate the indication of gas flow, and do not represent a limitation on specific thicknesses or proportions. Moreover, the proportions of the endotracheal tube inserted into the patient airway 40 to the thicknesses of the various tubes and chambers shown in the accompanying drawings cannot be used as a basis for indicating the actual insertion length. The use of this drawing method in the accompanying drawings is merely schematic and does not absolutely limit the length that can be inserted into the patient airway 40.

[0056] In this application, the connecting pipe body 11 has a second pipe segment 13, which means that the connecting pipe body 11 includes a second pipe segment 13, but this does not prevent the connecting pipe body 11 from having other pipe segments, such as a first pipe segment 31. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the second pipe segment 13 remains consistent at different positions along its length.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first through hole 14 is disposed in the second pipe segment 13 to connect the interior and exterior of the second pipe segment 13. The number of first through holes 14 can be more than one; for example, there can be multiple first through holes 14. The first through holes 14 can be arranged along the length of the endotracheal tube, along the circumference of the endotracheal tube, or simultaneously along both the length and circumference of the endotracheal tube. The extension direction of the first through hole 14 can be perpendicular to the length of the endotracheal tube or at an acute angle to the length of the endotracheal tube. Of course, in another implementation, the first through hole 14 can also be disposed on the first connector 12 and is not obstructed by the endotracheal tube assembly 30.

[0058] Specifically, an annular outer flange is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the second tube section 13 as a first sealing part 15, and the annular outer flange abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the laryngeal mask tube assembly to achieve a seal.

[0059] In another implementation, the first tube segment 31 can also be set on the connecting tube assembly 10, for example, located at the first connector 12, and the tracheal tube is a tube of equal diameter, that is, the inner diameter of the first connector 12 is smaller than the inner diameter of the connecting tube body 11.

[0060] As shown in Figures 1-5, optionally, the pipe wall of the connecting pipe assembly 10 is provided with at least one first gas sampling pipe 16 and / or at least one first drainage pipe 17.

[0061] By providing a first gas sampling tube 16, with its patient end connected to the second gas sampling tube 32 of the endotracheal tube assembly 30, gas can be collected from the patient's airway 40 for respiratory gas monitoring. Similarly, by providing a first drainage tube 17, with its patient end connected to the second drainage tube 33 of the endotracheal tube assembly 30, liquids and secretions within the patient's airway 40 can be aspirated to prevent reflux and aspiration.

[0062] After the endotracheal tube assembly 30 is inserted into the patient's airway 40, the gas sampling tube is located on the ventral side of the endotracheal tube assembly 30, making it less prone to blockage. The gas sampling tube can be used to collect gas from within the patient's airway 40 for respiratory gas monitoring. The values ​​obtained from sampling and monitoring within the patient's airway 40 are more sensitive and accurate than those obtained from sampling and monitoring in the pharynx, and are closer to arterial blood gas analysis. After the endotracheal tube assembly 30 is inserted into the patient's airway 40, the second drainage tube 33 is located on the dorsal side of the endotracheal tube assembly 30, facilitating the suction of fluids and secretions. The gas sampling tube and the second drainage tube 33 can adopt the same structure; when the gas sampling tube is blocked, the second drainage tube 33 can serve as a backup gas sampling tube, ensuring continuous and uninterrupted gas monitoring. In this embodiment, the gas sampling tube and the second drainage tube 33 are disposed on the tube wall of the endotracheal tube assembly 30, making them safe, convenient to use, and simple to manufacture. Of course, in other implementations, the second gas sampling tube 32 and the second drainage tube 33 can also be independent of the endotracheal tube. The machine end of the second gas sampling tube 32 can be inserted into the patient end of the first gas sampling tube 16, and the machine end of the second drainage tube 33 can be inserted into the patient end of the first drainage tube 17.

[0063] In addition, the first gas sampling tube 16 and the first drainage tube 17 may not be connected to the second gas sampling tube 32 and the second drainage tube 33. For example, the first gas sampling tube 16 and the first drainage tube 17 can be directly extended from the connecting tube body 11. The patient ends of the first gas sampling tube 16 and the first drainage tube 17 may be located in the second space 27 between the connecting tube assembly 10 and the sleeve, or in the mask of the laryngeal mask, or in the first space 41, or even below the patient end of the endotracheal tube, for gas sampling analysis and liquid suction.

[0064] Although this embodiment provides a first drainage tube 17 and a first gas sampling tube 16, those skilled in the art should understand that, in reality, the number of drainage tubes and / or gas sampling tubes can be multiple as needed.

[0065] Furthermore, it should be noted that although the first drainage tube 17 and the first gas sampling tube 16 are not shown in the accompanying drawings used in the following embodiments, they may also be present in these embodiments; they are simply omitted to show other structures.

[0066] Example 2:

[0067] As shown in Figures 6-8, this embodiment is largely the same as embodiment one. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the first sealing part 15 is the second connector 18, and the second connector 18 is configured to be sealed and connected to the machine end of the sleeve.

[0068] By using the second connector 18 as the first sealing part 15, a seal between the connecting tube body 11 and the sleeve can be achieved while simultaneously fixing the connecting tube body 11 to the machine end of the sleeve using the second connector 18. Furthermore, since the axial overlap between the second connector 18 and the machine end of the sleeve is only the overlap distance after connection, the total length of the area where the connecting tube assembly 10 experiences significant resistance during movement relative to the sleeve can be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of both the connecting tube assembly 10 and the endotracheal tube assembly 30.

[0069] Specifically, the second connector 18 has a flange portion that is fixedly and sealingly connected to the second pipe section 13 and a sleeve portion that is fixedly connected to the flange portion. Further, the flange portion can be integrally formed and connected to the second pipe section 13. The sleeve portion can be fitted onto the outside or inside of the connector at the machine end of the laryngeal mask airway assembly and achieve a sealing connection therewith. Alternatively, the sleeve portion can also be integrally formed with the flange portion and the second pipe section 13.

[0070] As shown in Figures 6-8, in addition, the connecting tube assembly 10 in this embodiment can also be applied to other artificial airways. Specifically, the artificial airway also includes a second ventilation chamber 25, which is connected to the cover cavity 24. The first tube segment 31 is configured to pass through the first ventilation chamber 23 and enter the trachea.

[0071] By connecting the second ventilation chamber 25 to the mask cavity 24, air can be simultaneously introduced and expelled from the connecting tube assembly 10, the laryngeal mask tube assembly, and the second ventilation chamber 25. Alternatively, air can be introduced and expelled from the connecting tube assembly 10, the laryngeal mask tube assembly, and the second ventilation chamber 25 separately: that is, air is introduced into the connecting tube assembly 10 and the laryngeal mask tube assembly, and air is expelled from the second ventilation chamber 25; or air is expelled from the connecting tube assembly 10 and the laryngeal mask tube assembly, and air is introduced into the second ventilation chamber 25. This not only utilizes the endotracheal tube inserted into the patient's airway 40 to eliminate some physiological dead space, but also utilizes the second ventilation chamber 25, the first ventilation chamber 23, and the endotracheal tube to eliminate mechanical dead space, greatly reducing the proportion of untreated air that the patient has just exhaled and inhaled.

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first ventilation cavity 23 is the ventilation cavity through which the connecting tube assembly 10 passes, while the second ventilation cavity 25 is the ventilation cavity not through which the connecting tube assembly 10 passes. The second ventilation cavity 25 can be a ventilation cavity disposed on the inner wall of the laryngeal mask airway assembly. In another implementation, the second ventilation cavity 25 can be formed by a separate tube to connect the mask cavity 24 and the corresponding device. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the second ventilation cavity 25 and the first ventilation cavity 23 can be arranged in the width direction of the laryngeal mask 21.

[0073] Example 3:

[0074] As shown in Figures 9-12, this embodiment is largely the same as embodiment two. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment two is that the connecting tube assembly 10 further includes a second sealing part. The second sealing part is located on the patient end side of the first through hole 14. The second sealing part can switch between an open state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly 10 is open and a blocked state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly 10 is blocked.

[0075] By setting a second sealing part that can switch between the blocked and open states of the space outside the catheter mechanism in the first ventilation chamber 23, the blocked and open states of the second space 27 can be changed. If the artificial airway used by the connecting tube assembly 10 has no other ventilation chambers, when the second sealing part blocks the second space 27, the smaller diameter of the first tube segment 31 can be utilized to reduce the impact on the patient's airway 40. When the second sealing part opens the second space 27, it works in conjunction with the first through hole 14 to connect the interior of the second tube segment 13 and the second space 27. This allows the larger inner diameter of the second tube segment 13 to ensure the cross-sectional area for gas flow, thereby achieving a balance between reducing damage to the patient's airway 40 and glottis, ensuring ventilation cross-section, and reducing respiratory resistance. Whether the second sealing part closes the second space 27 can be selected by the operator as needed.

[0076] Furthermore, the artificial airway used in the endotracheal tube assembly 30 may also include a second ventilation chamber 25, which is connected to the mask cavity 24. By connecting the second ventilation chamber 25 to the mask cavity 24, air can be introduced and discharged from the connecting tube assembly 10, the endotracheal tube assembly 30, the laryngeal mask assembly, and the second ventilation chamber 25 together. Alternatively, air can be introduced and discharged from the connecting tube assembly 10, the endotracheal tube assembly 30, the laryngeal mask assembly, and the second ventilation chamber 25 separately: that is, air is introduced into the connecting tube assembly 10, the endotracheal tube assembly 30, and the laryngeal mask assembly, while air is discharged from the second ventilation chamber 25; or air is discharged from the connecting tube assembly 10, the endotracheal tube assembly 30, and the laryngeal mask assembly, while air is introduced into the second ventilation chamber 25. Not only does the insertion of the endotracheal tube into the patient's airway 40 eliminate some of the physiological dead space, but the second ventilation chamber 25, the first ventilation chamber 23, the connecting tube assembly 10, and the endotracheal tube assembly 30 can also eliminate the mechanical dead space, greatly reducing the proportion of the patient re-inhaling the untreated gas that has just been exhaled.

[0077] When the second sealing part blocks the second space 27 on the patient end side of the first through-hole 14, during inhalation via the endotracheal tube and exhalation via the second ventilation chamber 25, the inhaled air enters the patient's lungs via the endotracheal tube without sequentially passing through the second space 27, the mask cavity 24, and the first space 41, as shown in Figure 11; the exhaled air enters the anesthesia machine via the first space 41, the mask cavity 24, and the second ventilation chamber 25, as shown in Figure 10. There is no shared channel between inhalation and exhalation, no repeated inhalation, eliminating all mechanical dead space, and maximizing the elimination of physiological dead space. During exhalation via the connecting tube assembly 10 and inhalation via the second ventilation chamber 25, the inhaled air enters the patient's lungs via the second ventilation chamber 25, the mask cavity 24, and the first space 41; the exhaled air enters the anesthesia machine via the endotracheal tube. There is no shared channel between inhalation and exhalation, no repeated inhalation, eliminating all mechanical dead space, and maximizing the elimination of physiological dead space.

[0078] When the second sealing part opens the second space 27, during inhalation via the connecting tube assembly 10 and the endotracheal tube assembly 30, and exhalation via the second ventilation chamber 25, the first inhalation route is through the connecting tube assembly 10 and the endotracheal tube assembly 30; the second inhalation route is through the second tube segment 13, the first through-hole 14, the second space 27, the mask cavity 24, and the first space 41, all entering the patient's lungs, as shown in Figure 12. The exhalation route is through the first space 41, the mask cavity 24, and the second ventilation chamber 25, as shown in Figure 10. The first space 41 exists in both the inhalation and exhalation routes, resulting in repeated inhalation and constituting a physiological dead space. Although the first space 41 is a physiological dead space in this situation, it can be used together with the first tube segment 31 as a passageway for the patient's inhalation, thereby increasing the airway cross-sectional area during inhalation and reducing inhalation resistance. When the second sealing part completely blocks the second space 27, the physiological dead space within the endotracheal tube and the first space 41 can be eliminated; when the second sealing part opens the second space 27, the physiological dead space within the endotracheal tube can be eliminated. Therefore, when the second sealing part completely blocks the second space 27, the elimination of physiological dead space reaches its maximum. Thus, by changing whether the second sealing part blocks the second space 27, it is possible to switch between eliminating physiological dead space and increasing ventilation area, adapting to different patient conditions.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, the second sealing part is provided in the smaller outer diameter portion of the connecting tube assembly 10. However, in another implementation, the second sealing part can also be provided in the second tube section 13 of the connecting tube assembly 10 with a relatively larger outer diameter, as long as it can achieve a seal with the laryngeal mask tube assembly.

[0080] As shown in Figures 9-12, optionally, the second sealing part is an inflatable airbag 19.

[0081] This configuration allows for easy control of the volume and pressure of the inflatable airbag 19 by inflation and deflation, thereby altering the degree of closure of the second sealing part and changing the airway pressure.

[0082] Taking the connecting tube assembly 10 and the endotracheal tube assembly 30 for air intake and the second ventilation chamber 25 for air exhaust as an example, when the inflatable cuff 19 seals the second space 27, as shown in Figure 16, air cannot enter through the port connected to the second tube segment 13 during the patient's exhalation. Even if the internal air pressure in the patient's pleural cavity increases during exhalation, the exhaled air will not be sent into the first tube segment 31 and the second tube segment 13; that is, the exhaled air is not mixed with the air exhaled by the patient in this exhalation. Moreover, the inflatable cuff 19 seals the second space 27, that is, the patient end side of the first through hole 14 is sealed, and the first sealing part 15 also seals the machine end side of the first through hole 14. Therefore, both sides of the first through hole 14 are sealed, and the first through hole 14 cannot actually be ventilated. Therefore, the patient's exhalation can only be discharged through the first space 41, the mask cavity 24, and the second ventilation chamber 25.

[0083] As shown in Figure 11, when the patient inhales, because the machine end of the tubing connected to the second ventilation chamber 25 is closed, the gas in the first space 41, the mask cavity 24, and the second ventilation chamber 25 will not be inhaled. Therefore, the gas previously exhaled by the patient will not enter the patient's lungs through the second ventilation chamber 25, the mask cavity 24, and the first space 41, and the patient will not inhale the gas just exhaled. Inhaled gas can only enter the lungs through the second tube segment 13 and the first tube segment 31, thus eliminating mechanical dead space and achieving maximum physiological dead space.

[0084] The inflatable airbag 19 can be arranged around the outer circumference of the second tube segment 13 or the first tube segment 31. When the inflatable airbag 19 is inflated, its outer circumference expands radially outward, abutting against the inner circumference of the laryngeal mask airway assembly within a 360° circumferential range, thereby achieving a seal between the connecting tube assembly 10 and the laryngeal mask airway assembly. Of course, those skilled in the art should understand that the inflatable airbag 19 can be connected to an inflation mechanism (not shown) via an inflation tube.

[0085] Optionally, the inflatable airbag 19 is connected to a pressure indicator (not shown in the figure).

[0086] By setting a pressure indicator, the pressure of the inflatable airbag 19 can be reflected. Since the size of the inflatable airbag 19 is affected not only by the internal air pressure but also by the external air pressure, the air pressure of the airbag 19 can be set to regulate the airway pressure. This is because when the airway pressure exceeds the inflatable airbag 19 pressure, the airbag 19 will shrink, preventing it from sealing properly. Therefore, by setting the pressure of the inflatable airbag 19, the airway pressure can be maintained within the normal range during both mechanical ventilation and spontaneous breathing modes.

[0087] For example, if the pressure of the inflatable cuff 19 is 20 cmH2O, and the inflatable cuff 19 is completely sealed, inhaled air can only enter the lungs through the endotracheal tube. During positive pressure ventilation, assuming the ventilator pressure, i.e., the airway pressure, is set to 25 cmH2O, the external pressure of the inflatable cuff 19 is greater than the internal pressure. The inflatable cuff 19 will shrink and fail to seal the second space 27, causing air leakage between the outer circumference of the inflatable cuff 19 and the inner circumference of the first ventilation chamber 23. If leakage occurs, the first inhalation route is the endotracheal tube; the second inhalation route is the second tube segment 13, the first through-hole 14, the second space 27, the mask cavity 24, and the first space 41. Inhaled air enters the patient's lungs through both routes. At this time, the ventilator pressure, i.e., the airway pressure, is equal to the cuff pressure, less than 25 cmH2O, and greater than 20 cmH2O, thus achieving airway pressure control.

[0088] Example 4:

[0089] As shown in Figures 1-12, the catheter mechanism provided in this embodiment includes a sealed endotracheal tube assembly 30 and a connecting tube assembly 10. The endotracheal tube assembly 30 is used to pass through the sleeve and into the patient's airway 40. The endotracheal tube assembly 30 includes a first tube segment 31. The endotracheal tube assembly 30 and the connecting tube assembly 10 include a second tube segment 13, or the connecting tube assembly 10 includes a second tube segment 13. The second tube segment 13 is located at the machine end of the catheter mechanism and has a first through hole 14 and a first sealing part 15 arranged sequentially from the patient end to the machine end. The first through hole 14 penetrates the tube wall of the catheter mechanism. The first sealing part 15 is disposed on the connecting tube assembly 10 and can be sealed to the sleeve, and is configured to seal the space between the connecting tube assembly 10 and the sleeve. The inner diameter of the second tube segment 13 is larger than the inner diameter of the first tube segment 31.

[0090] With this configuration, the first through hole 14 connects the inside and outside of the second tube segment 13. Although the inner diameter of the first tube segment 31 is small, ventilation can still be carried out by utilizing the first space 41 between the first tube segment 31 and the patient's airway 40, as well as the gap between the narrowest part of the first tube segment 31 and the patient's airway 40. The inner diameter of the second tube segment 13 is larger than that of the first tube segment 31. The larger inner diameter of the second tube segment 13 can be used to ensure the cross-sectional area for gas flow, thereby achieving a balance between reducing damage to the patient's airway 40 and glottis, ensuring the size of the ventilation cross-section, and reducing respiratory resistance.

[0091] In this embodiment, the principle that achieves the above-mentioned technical effects, the sleeve to which the catheter mechanism is applied, the gas flow during breathing, the definition of the patient end and the machine end, the description of the proportions of each component in the drawings, the details of the first through hole 14 and the details of the first sealing part 15 can all be referred to in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0092] As shown in Figures 1-12, optionally, the connecting pipe assembly 10 is any of the connecting pipe assemblies mentioned above.

[0093] By incorporating the aforementioned connecting tube assembly 10 into the catheter mechanism, the catheter mechanism thus possesses all the advantages of the aforementioned connecting tube assembly 10, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0094] As shown in Figures 1-3, optionally, the conduit mechanism has at least one gas sampling tube and / or at least one drainage tube in its tube wall.

[0095] By setting up a gas sampling tube, with its patient end connected to the second gas sampling tube 32 of the endotracheal tube assembly 30, gas can be collected from the patient's airway 40 for respiratory gas monitoring. By setting up a drainage tube, with its patient end connected to the second drainage tube 33 of the endotracheal tube assembly 30, liquids and secretions in the patient's airway 40 can be aspirated to prevent reflux and aspiration.

[0096] In this embodiment, the gas sampling tube can be the sum of the first gas sampling tube 16 and the second gas sampling tube 32 in embodiment one, and the drainage tube can be the sum of the first drainage tube 17 and the second drainage tube 33 in embodiment one. Their specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here.

[0097] As shown in Figures 1-12, optionally, the first sealing part 15 is located on the outer wall of the connecting pipe assembly 10.

[0098] Since the connecting tube assembly 10 is located on the machine end side of the endotracheal tube assembly 30, the first sealing part 15 is provided on the outer wall of the connecting tube assembly 10. Compared with the first sealing part 15 being provided on the endotracheal tube assembly 30, the distance that the first sealing part 15 moves relative to the sleeve when it is in contact with the sleeve can be reduced. As a result, the distance that requires a large force to push the connecting tube assembly 10 to move forward through the sleeve is also shortened, thus improving operating efficiency.

[0099] As shown in Figures 6-12, optionally, the first sealing part 15 is the second connector 18, which is configured to be sealed to the machine end of the sleeve.

[0100] By using the second connector 18 as the first sealing part 15, a seal between the connecting tube body 11 and the sleeve can be achieved while simultaneously fixing the connecting tube body 11 to the machine end of the sleeve using the second connector 18. Furthermore, since the axial overlap between the second connector 18 and the machine end of the sleeve is only the overlap distance after connection, the total length of the area where the connecting tube assembly 10 experiences significant resistance during movement relative to the sleeve can be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of both the connecting tube assembly 10 and the endotracheal tube assembly 30.

[0101] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the second connector 18 and the details of the artificial airway with a second ventilation chamber 25 used in the catheter mechanism provided in this embodiment can be referred to in Embodiment 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0102] Example 5:

[0103] As shown in Figures 13-16, this embodiment is largely the same as embodiment four. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment four is that the catheter mechanism also includes a second sealing part. The second sealing part is located on the patient end side of the first through hole 14. The second sealing part can switch between an open state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly 10 is open and a blocked state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly 10 is blocked.

[0104] By setting a second sealing part to switch the blocked and open states of the space outside the catheter mechanism in the first ventilation chamber 23, the blocked and open states of the second space 27 are changed. If the artificial airway used by the connecting tube assembly 10 has no other ventilation chambers, when the second sealing part blocks the second space 27, the smaller diameter of the first tube segment 31 can be utilized to reduce the impact on the patient's airway 40. When the second sealing part opens the second space 27, it works in conjunction with the first through hole 14 to connect the interior of the second tube segment 13 and the second space 27, allowing the larger inner diameter of the second tube segment 13 to ensure the cross-sectional area for gas flow. This achieves a balance between reducing damage to the patient's airway 40 and glottis, ensuring the ventilation cross-section, and reducing respiratory resistance. Whether the second sealing part closes the second space 27 can be selected by the operator as needed.

[0105] The working principle of the second sealing part in this embodiment can be found in Embodiment 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0106] As shown in Figures 13-16, optionally, the second sealing part is an inflatable airbag 19.

[0107] This configuration allows for easy control of the volume and pressure of the inflatable airbag 19 by inflation and deflation, thereby altering the degree of closure of the second sealing part and changing the airway pressure.

[0108] In this embodiment, the working principle of the inflatable airbag 19 can be found in Embodiment 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0109] Optionally, the inflatable airbag 19 is connected to a pressure indicator.

[0110] By setting a pressure indicator, the pressure of the inflatable airbag 19 can be reflected. Since the size of the inflatable airbag 19 is affected not only by the internal air pressure but also by the external air pressure, the air pressure of the airbag 19 can be set to regulate the airway pressure. This is because when the airway pressure exceeds the inflatable airbag 19 pressure, the airbag 19 will shrink, preventing it from sealing properly. Therefore, by setting the pressure of the inflatable airbag 19, the airway pressure can be maintained within the normal range during both mechanical ventilation and spontaneous breathing modes.

[0111] In this embodiment, the working principle of the pressure indicator can be found in Embodiment 3, and will not be repeated here.

[0112] Example 6:

[0113] As shown in Figure 17, this embodiment is largely the same as embodiment five. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment five is that the first through hole 14 is located between the connecting tube assembly 10 and the tracheal tube assembly 30, and the second sealing part is located in the tracheal tube assembly 30.

[0114] By placing the first through hole 14 in the connecting pipe assembly 10 and the tracheal tube assembly 30, the number of first through holes 14 can be increased, thereby increasing the total area of ​​the communication space between the inside and radially outside of the tube mechanism. This reduces the constraint of the size and number of the first through holes 14 on the airflow between the inside and radially outside of the tube mechanism. Furthermore, by placing the second sealing part in the tracheal tube assembly 30, the large distance between the outer circumferential surface of the first pipe section 31 and the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve allows the inflatable airbag 19, which serves as the second sealing part, sufficient expansion space. The expansion of the inflatable airbag 19 is less restricted, allowing for a better reflection of the actual air pressure within the airway.

[0115] In this embodiment, not only does the connecting tube assembly 10 have a second tube segment 13, but the tracheal tube assembly 30 also has a second tube segment 13.

[0116] Of course, in another implementation, as shown in Figure 18, the endotracheal tube assembly 30 also has a second tube segment 13, and the first through hole 14 can be provided only in the second tube segment 13 of the endotracheal tube assembly 30.

[0117] While this application discloses the above information, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application; therefore, the scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprising" or any other variations thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0119] In the above embodiments, descriptions of directions such as "up" and "down" are based on the accompanying drawings.

[0120] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application.

[0121] Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A connecting pipe assembly (10) characterized by, The device includes a connecting tube body (11) and a first connector (12), the first connector (12) being configured to be inserted into a sleeve and connect the endotracheal tube assembly (30) and the connecting tube body (11); the endotracheal tube assembly (30) includes a first tube segment (31), and the connecting tube body (11) includes a second tube segment (13); the second tube segment (13) is located at the machine end of the connecting tube body (11) and has a first through hole (14) penetrating the side wall of the second tube segment (13); the outer wall of the second tube segment (13) is provided with a first sealing part (15), the first sealing part (15) being able to seal the space between the connecting tube body (11) and the sleeve; the first sealing part (15) and the first through hole (14) are arranged sequentially along the direction from the machine end to the patient end; the inner diameter of the second tube segment (13) is larger than the inner diameter of the first tube segment (31).

2. The connecting pipe assembly (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The first sealing part (15) is the second connector (18), which is configured to be sealed to the machine end of the sleeve.

3. The connecting pipe assembly (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that The connecting tube assembly (10) further includes a second sealing part located on the patient end side of the first through hole (14). The second sealing part is switchable between an open state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly (10) is open and a blocked state where the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly (10) is blocked.

4. The connecting pipe assembly (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that The second sealing part is an inflatable airbag (19).

5. The connecting pipe assembly (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that The inflatable airbag (19) is connected to a pressure indicator.

6. Catheter mechanism according to any of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The wall of the connecting tube assembly (10) is provided with at least one first gas sampling tube (16) and / or at least one first drainage tube (17).

7. A catheter mechanism, characterized by The device includes a sealed endotracheal tube assembly (30) and a connecting tube assembly (10), the endotracheal tube assembly (30) being used to pass through a sleeve and into a patient's airway (40); the endotracheal tube assembly (30) includes a first tube segment (31); the endotracheal tube assembly (30) and the connecting tube assembly (10) include a second tube segment (13) or the connecting tube assembly (10) includes a second tube segment (13); the second tube segment (13) is located at the machine end of the catheter device and has a first through hole (14) and a first sealing part (15) arranged sequentially from the patient end to the machine end, the first through hole (14) penetrating the tube wall of the catheter device; the first sealing part (15) is disposed on the connecting tube assembly (10) and is capable of sealingly connecting with the sleeve, and is configured to seal the space between the connecting tube assembly (10) and the sleeve; the inner diameter of the second tube segment (13) is larger than the inner diameter of the first tube segment (31).

8. The catheter mechanism of claim 7, wherein, The connecting pipe assembly (10) is the connecting pipe assembly (10) of any one of claims 1-6.

9. The catheter mechanism of claim 7, wherein, The first sealing part (15) is located on the outer wall of the connecting pipe assembly (10).

10. The catheter mechanism of claim 9, wherein, The first sealing part (15) is the second connector (18), which is configured to be sealed to the machine end of the sleeve.

11. The catheter mechanism of claim 9, wherein, The catheter mechanism further comprises a second sealing portion located on the patient side of the first through hole (14), which can be switched between an open state in which the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly (10) is open, and a closed state in which the space between the sleeve and the connecting tube assembly (10) is closed.

12. The catheter mechanism of claim 11, wherein, The second sealing portion is an inflatable air bag (19).

13. The catheter mechanism of claim 12, wherein, The inflatable air bag (19) is connected with a pressure indicator.

14. The catheter mechanism of claim 11, wherein, The first through hole (14) is located in the connecting tube assembly (10) and / or the tracheal catheter assembly (30), and the second sealing portion is located in the tracheal catheter assembly (30).

15. Catheter mechanism according to any of claims 7-14, characterized in that At least one gas sampling tube and / or at least one drainage tube is arranged in the wall of the catheter mechanism.

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