UE in non-connected mode sensing procedure in integrated sensing and communications system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/089034
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-22
Smart Images

Figure CN2025089034_22102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
UE IN NON-CONNECTED MODE SENSING PROCEDURE IN INTEGRATED SENSING AND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) , and particularly relates to UE-to-UE sensing procedure.BACKGROUND
[0002] The background description provided herein is for the purpose of generally presenting the context of the disclosure. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent the work is described in this background section, as well as aspects of the description that may not otherwise qualify as prior art at the time of filing, are neither expressly nor impliedly admitted as prior art against the present disclosure.
[0003] The B5G / 6G system is envisioned to achieve radar sensing. If a sensing device, for example UE, supports sensing capability, it may need to perform sensing in non-connected mode. The corresponding procedure shall be clarified.SUMMARY
[0004] We propose UE in non-connected mode sensing procedure and clarify related operations.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0005] Various embodiments of this disclosure that are proposed as examples will be described in detail with reference to the following figures, wherein like numerals reference like elements, and wherein:
[0006] Fig. 1 shows UE-to-UE bi-static sensing high-level procedure;
[0007] Fig. 2 shows Device and UE register to NW and service is requested;
[0008] Fig. 3 (1) ~ (3) shows Device and UE are triggered and configured, with three kinds of UE and Device operations;
[0009] Fig. 4 shows process of triggering and configuring device / UE to start sensing operations;
[0010] Fig. 5 shows the occasion of sensing indication for UE and Device;
[0011] Fig 6 shows Device and UE are triggered and configured, if UE is in connected mode and Device is in idle or inactive mode;
[0012] Fig 7 shows Device and UE are triggered and configured, if UE is in connected mode and Device is connected mode;
[0013] Fig. 8 (1) ~ (3) shows the three kinds of sensing operations when Device and UE are in idle or inactive mode;
[0014] Fig. 9 (1) ~ (3) shows the three kinds of process of Device and UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception, corresponding to Fig. 8;
[0015] Fig. 10 (1) ~ (3) shows the process of Device and UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception when UE is in connected mode, corresponding to Fig. 8 (1) ~ (3) ;
[0016] Fig. 11 (1) ~ (3) shows the process of Device and UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception when both Device and UE are in connected mode, corresponding to Fig. 8 (1) ~ (3) ;
[0017] Fig. 12 (1) ~ (4) shows four methods to trigger Idle / inactive mode UE to perform sensing.
[0018] Fig. 13 shows an exemplary block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
[0019] UE-to-UE procedure is for sensing use cases such as ranging / positioning of Device (or some UE) and target detection and tracking (including delay / doppler / angle estimation) . One or more UEs are used to detect the Device and perform ranging / positioning of Device. One or more UEs / Devices are used to detect target and estimate related parameters.
[0020] High-level procedure includes 3 steps, see FIG. 1.
[0021] Step 0: Device and UE register to NW and service is requested.
[0022] Step 1: Device and UE perform sensing operation.
[0023] Step 2 (optional) : more times or finer sensing operation is performed.
[0024] It shall be noted that,[0024.1] One or more devices and UEs participate in the procedure and operations. Since these devices and UEs have similar behaviors, for simplicity, the following description takes one device and one UE as examples, if not specifically stated.[0024.2] Device can be CPE / phone (UE) , watch, key, glasses, A-IoT device, etc.[0024.3] Sensing operation includes, (1) Device detection and estimation of ranging / positioning of Device; (2) detection and tracking targets around Device and UE.
[0025] Step 0: Device and UE register to NW and service is requested.
[0026] Step 0 includes three substeps (see FIG. 2) .
[0027] Step 0.1: Device and UE register and report capability to BS / NW, and receive system information from BS / NW.
[0028] Step 0.2: Service is request.
[0029] Step 0.3: UE and Device are selected to perform the service.
[0030] The following gives more details of step 0.
[0031] Step 0.1: Device and UE register and report capability to BS / NW, and receive sensing configurations from BS / NW.[0031.1] Device registers to BS / NW.If BS can receive Device’s report, Device registers to BS / NW through random access procedure.If BS cannot receive Device’s report, the report can be transferred by ‘relay UE’ through A-IoT, side-Link or non-3GPP.[0031.2] UE registers to BS / NW through random access procedure.[0031.3] If Device / UE is in idle mode, NW only gets Device / UE type but not the service related capability.How to handle this situation is described in a later section.[0031.4] If Device / UE is in inactive or connected mode, besides the Device / UE type, NW can also get the service related capability.[0031.5] Device and UE receive sensing configurations from BS / NW.If Device and UE are in idle or inactive mode, sensing configurations can be transmitted through SIB.If Device and UE are in connected mode, system information can be transmitted through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI.
[0032] Step 0.2: Service is requested.[0032.1] Service is requested, which may be from NW / server, BS or UE. No matter where the request is from, the service shall be centralized controlled by NW / server.
[0033] Step 0.3: UE and Device are selected to perform the service.[0033.1] According to the service requirements, it is possible to select some UEs / Devices to perform the service. For example, select idle mode UEs / Devices in surrounding cells, or select connected or inactive mode UEs / Devices based on their reported capability and position information (from LMF) .
[0034] Step 1: Device and UE perform sensing operation.
[0035] Step 1 includes three substeps.
[0036] Step 1.1: Device and UE are triggered and configured.
[0037] Step 1.2: Device and UE perform sensing operations.
[0038] Step 1.3: NW pairs Device and UE.
[0039] Fig. 3 shows step 1.1 Device and UE are triggered and configured, with three kinds of UE and Device operations.
[0040] Assume Device is always in idle or inactive mode configured with eDRX or DRX.
[0041] Device is always in idle or inactive mode configured with eDRX or DRX. It is triggered through sensing indication carried on paging channel of each or some eDRX / DRX. sensing configurations can be obtained from SIB and paging channel (or / and additional PDSCH channel after paging) . (Fig. 3 (1) , (2) , (3) )[0041.1] sensing indication and sensing configurations can be a bit-field in paging message. If payload of paging channel has limitation, additional PDSCH channel after paging can be indicated to transmit this information.When Device detects sensing indication in paging channel, it further receives sensing configurations on the PDSCH after paging channel, if there is extra indication in paging channel. (see Fig. 4 process of triggering and configuring device / UE to start sensing operations)
[0042] Contents of sensing indication and sensing configurations are summarized as follows.[0042.1] Note 1: The contents are appropriate for both Device and UE.[0042.2] Note 2: If Device / UE is in idle or inactive mode, the contents are carried on SIB and paging channel.
[0043] Contents of sensing indication and configurations include,[0043.1] Flag of service: trigger to start the service and indicate the purpose of sensing or the service type.[0043.2] Matched UE ID or Device ID: one Device may correspond to multiple UEs, and one UE may correspond to multiple Devices.[0043.3] Sensing ways (which has corresponding procedure and operations) : ToA, TDoA, AoA, RTT, RSSI (for Device ranging / positioning) , delay / doppler / angle estimation for target detection and tracking)[0043.4] Tx signal and resource configuration: include time / freq resource, sequence ID, power setting, etc.Include configurations of both Device’s and UE’s Tx signals.E.g., use RACH preamble as Tx signal for the service. SIB carries candidate preamble sequence group for the service. Paging channel indicates preamble ID and time / frequency resource, etc..[0043.5] Transmission and reception windows for Device and UE: e.g., start point, window length, duration (the operation is performed in the next few DRX / eDRX) .[0043.6] The fixed latency b / w the reception of UE’s Tx signal and the transmission of Device’s Tx signal (e.g., t2-t1 in Fig. 3 (2) ) .[0043.7] sensing report configuration: report quantities, report ways (through RA, UCI (similar as positioning) , UL data, SDT, etc. ) , latency requirement, resources for the reporting.
[0044] If UE is in idle mode and Device is in idle or inactive mode,[0044.1] UE is triggered through sensing indication carried on paging channel in some DRX. sensing configurations are also configured through SIB and paging channel (or additional PDSCH channel) .The process of triggering and configuring device / UE to start sensing operations (Fig. 4) and contents of sensing indication and sensing configurations can share the way of Device.The sensing indication to UE can be transmitted in the DRX corresponding to the eDRX / DRX that the sensing indication to Device is transmitted. (Fig. 5 the occasion of sensing indication for UE and Device)[0044.2] After sensing indication and configuration are received, UE may have two kinds of process before starting sensing operations. (Fig. 3 (1) , (2) , (3) )[0044.3] UE and Device perform operation 1 (Fig. 3 (1) ) : If Both UE and Device have the capability and are ready to perform the sensing task, they can directly start the related operations based on the configurations.[0044.4] UE perform operation 2, Device perform operation 1 (Fig. 3 (2) ) : If UE is ready to perform the sensing task, it initiates random access and reports related capabilities to BS / NW. BS / NW decides whether the UE is suitable for this task according to UE’s capabilities and its position information (e.g., from LMF) . If UE is selected, it is configured by BS / NW through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI (when UE is in connected mode) or through paging like Fig. 4 (when UE is in inactive mode) if need. Then, UE can start the sensing operations based on the configurations (note: UE will stay in connected mode or inactive mode to perform the operations) . Assume Device performs operation 1 (Fig. 3 (1) ) .[0044.5] UE and Device perform operation 2 (Fig. 3 (3) ) : both Device and UE perform operation 2.
[0045] If UE is in inactive mode and Device is in idle or inactive mode,[0045.1] UE is triggered through sensing indication carried on paging channel of some DRX. sensing configurations are also configured through SIB and paging channel (or additional PDSCH channel) .It is the same as that of UE in idle mode.[0045.2] After sensing indication and configuration are received, UE can follow the procedure of operation 1 (Fig. 3 (1) ) to start sensing operations.That is, if UE is ready to perform the sensing task, it can directly start the sensing operations based on the sensing configurations.It shall be noted that when UE is in inactive mode, NW already has the sensing capabilities and position information of UE (UE has reported these information ever before) , and it can directly select a suitable UE. Therefore, UE can directly start the related operations after receiving sensing indication and configurations if it is ready (e.g., doesn’ t have any other higher priority task) .
[0046] If UE is in connected mode and Device is in idle or inactive mode,[0046.1] NW already has UE’s sensing capabilities and position information (e.g., from LMF) based on UE’s previous reporting. When service is triggered, NW selects UE based on UE’s capabilities and position, triggers and configures UE through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI. Then, UE starts the sensing operations based on the configurations. (Fig. 6)
[0047] If UE is in connected mode and Device is connected mode,[0047.1] NW has Device’s and UE’s sensing capabilities and position information (e.g., from LMF) based on their reporting. When service is triggered, NW selects Device and UE based on their capabilities and position, triggers and configures Device and UE through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI. Then, Device and UE starts the sensing operations based on the configurations. (Fig. 7)
[0048] Step 1.2: Device and UE perform sensing operations (e.g., target device detection and ranging / positioning operations)[0048.1] There are two kinds of sensing operations for different sensing ways.The 1st kind that device doesn’ t receive UE’s signals corresponds to sensing way of ToA, TDoA, AoA and RSSI (for Device ranging / positioning) and delay / doppler / angle estimation of target; the 2nd kind that device receives UE’s signals corresponds to sensing way of RTT (for Device ranging / positioning) and delay / doppler / angle estimation of target.Besides, the 2nd kind also includes two methods: method 1 (Device transmits Tx signal two times) and method 2 (Device transmits Tx signals one time) .[0048.2] The processing, signaling and procedure have some differences when UE is in idle / inactive mode and connected mode, which will be mentioned in the later section.[0048.3] Fig. 8 (1) : the 1st kind of sensing operations; Fig. 8 (2) : the 2nd kind of sensing operations (Device transmits Tx signal two times) ; Fig. 8 (3) : the 2nd kind of sensing operations (Device transmits Tx signal one times) .
[0049] Fig. 8 (1) shows the 1st kind of sensing operations when Device and UE are in idle or inactive mode.[0049.1] (1) Device transmits Tx-1 signal based on the configurations.[0049.2] (2) UE searches the Device’s Tx signal in the configured reception window after paging. More than one UE can be configured to perform the operations.Some UEs nearby the Device detect the Tx-1 signal, process and calculate to get the sensing data. The sensing data includes delay, doppler, angle and RSSI (for different sensing ways) , which can be used to calculate the final sensing result (e.g., Device’s range / position and target’s position) .[0049.3] (3) these UEs report sensing data to BS.[0049.4] (4) and (5) BS receives these UEs’s ensing report, integrate and calculate the Device’s range / position, and then report to server. Or BS directly forwards these UEs’s ensing data to server, and server calculates the Device’s range / position.The calculation may need UE’s position information, which can be from LMF.[0049.5] Fig. 9 (1) shows the process of Device and UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception, corresponding to Fig. 8 (1) .
[0050] Fig. 8 (2) shows the 2nd kind of sensing operations when Device and UE are in idle or inactive mode (method 1: Device transmits Tx signal two times) .[0050.1] (1) Device transmits Tx-1 signal based on the configurations.[0050.2] (2) UE searches the Device’s Tx-1 signal in the configured reception window after paging. More than one UE can be configured to perform the operations.Some UEs nearby the Device detect the Tx-1 signal, process and calculate to get the sensing data. The sensing data includes delay, doppler, angle and RSSI (for different sensing ways) , which can be used to calculate the final sensing result (e.g., Device’s range / position and target’s position) . Besides, the quality of sensing data (e.g., SNR, SINR) can also be reported. NW can use the quality information to select UE (step 1.3) .[0050.3] (3) (optional) These UEs report sensing data to BS / NW. BS / NW selects some of UEs to go on the next step operations based on UEs’ reporting and their position (that is step 1.3: Device and UE matching) .This step is optional. UE can directly go on the next step operations while not reporting to BS / NW and not waiting for BS / NW’s configurations.UE reports sensing data through random access (RA) or SDT (in inactive mode) . UE is configured by BS / NW through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI (when UE is in connected mode after RA) or through paging (when UE is in inactive mode) . UE will stay in connected mode or inactive mode to perform the next step operations.[0050.4] (4) at time ‘t0’ , UE transmits Tx signal based on the configurations. The transmission time ‘t0’s hall be stored by UE. Tx signal can be such as RACH preamble and UL SRS.[0050.5] (5) at time ‘t1’ , Device receives UE’s Tx signal and calculate the reception time ‘t1’ , and then, transmit Device’s Tx-2 signal at time ‘t2’ .The time difference ‘t2-t1’ can be fixed (predefined in spec or configured by BS / NW) or not.If the time difference ‘t2-t1’ is fixed, it shall also be informed to UE through configurations for the calculation in (6) . The Device doesn’ t need to report anything to UE / BS / NW.If the time difference ‘t2-t1’ is not fixed, Device can report sensing data (e.g., ‘t2-t1’ ) to BS / NW through ‘relay UE’ . The ‘relay UE’ can be the UE who transmits Tx signal or other UEs. The report can be through data channel (refer to AIoT) , Side-link or non-3GPP. If the ‘relay UE’ is not the UE who transmits Tx signal, Device’s report shall be directly transferred to BS / NW.If Device receives more than one UE’s Tx signals, these Tx signals shall be within Device’s reception window, Device calculates ‘t1’ of each Tx signals (assume these Tx signals are based on different sequence or resource) .[0050.6] (6) at time ‘t3’ , UE receives Device’s Tx-2 signal, process and calculate to get the sensing data. The sensing data can be (t3-t0) or ( (t3-t0) – (t2-t1) ) / 2 which is used for sensing way of RTT.[0050.7] (7) UE reports sensing data to BS / NW.UE can report through RA. After reporting, UE can enter idle mode or connected mode. If entering connected mode, UE can continue to perform positioning related operations, and then, NW can use UE’s position and the sensing data to calculate the Device’s range / position.[0050.8] (8) and (9) BS receives UE’s sensing report, integrate and calculate the Device’s range / position, and then report to server. Or BS directly forwards these UEs’s ensing data to server, and server calculates the Device’s ranging / position.[0050.9] Fig. 9 (2) shows the process of Device and UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception, corresponding to Fig. 8 (2) .The windows of signal transmission and reception can be predefined in spec or configured by BS / NW.
[0051] Fig. 8 (3) shows the 2nd kind of sensing operations when Device and UE are in idle or inactive mode (method 2: Device transmits Tx signal one time) .[0051.1] (1) At time ‘t0’ , Device transmits Tx-1 signal based on the configurations. The transmission time ‘t0’s hall be stored by Device.[0051.2] (2) UE searches the Device’s Tx signal in the configured reception window after paging. More than one UE can be configured to perform the operations.At time ‘t1’ , some UEs nearby the Device detect the Tx-1 signal, process and calculate to get the sensing data. The sensing data includes delay (e.g., the reception time ‘t1’ ) , doppler, angle and RSSI (for different sensing ways) , which can be used to calculate the final sensing result (e.g., Device’s range / position and target’s postion) .The reception time ‘t1’s hall be stored by UE.[0051.3] (3) At time ‘t2’ , UE transmits Tx signal and the transmission time ‘t2’s hall be stored by UE.It is optional that UE reports the time difference ‘t2-t1’ to BS / NW.[0051.4] (4) at time ‘t3’ , Device receives UE’s Tx signal, process and calculate to get the sensing data. The sensing data can be delay (e.g., the reception time ‘t3’ ) . Then, the time difference ‘t3-t0’ is calculated.If Device receives more than one UE’s Tx signals, these Tx signals shall be within Device’s reception window, Device calculates ‘t1’ of each Tx signals (assume these Tx signals are based on different sequence or resource) .[0051.5] (5) Device reports the sensing data (e.g., ‘t3-t0’ ) to BS / NW through ‘relay UE’ . The ‘relay UE’ can be the UE who transmits Tx signal or other UEs. The report can be through data channel (refer to AIoT) , Side-link or non-3GPP. If the ‘relay UE’ is not the UE who transmits Tx signal, Device’s report shall be directly transferred to BS / NW.[0051.6] (6) and (7) UE receives Device’s reports and calculates ( (t3-t0) – (t2-t1) ) / 2 which is used for sensing way of RTT, then reports to BS. In another way, UE doesn’ t process Device’s report and directly forwards it to BS / NW. Besides, UE reports its own sensing data (t2-t1) to BS / NW.[0051.7] (8) and (9) BS receives UE’s sensing report, integrate and calculate the Device’s range / position (e.g., use ( (t3-t0) – (t2-t1) ) / 2 to calculate the range between UE and Device) , and then report to server. Or BS directly forwards these UEs’ sensing data to server, and server calculates the Device’s range / position.[0051.8] Fig. 9 (3) shows the process of Device and UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception, corresponding to Fig. 8 (3) .
[0052] If UE is in connected mode and Device is in idle or inactive mode, the interaction flow can reuse that of Device and UE both are in idle and inactive mode (Fig. 8 (1) , (2) , (3) ) .
[0053] However, NW / BS’s configuration content and way, Tx signal transmission and reporting way may be different with idle / inactive mode for UE.[0053.1] NW / BS’s configuration can be through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI while not paging.[0053.2] Tx signal can also include UL SRS while not RACH preamble only.[0053.3] Reporting can be through UCI or UL data transmission while not RA or SDT.
[0054] Fig. 10 (1) ~ (3) shows the process of Device and UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception when UE is in connected mode, corresponding to Fig. 8 (1) ~(3) .
[0055] If both Device and UE are in connected mode, the interaction flow can reuse that of Device and UE both are in idle and inactive mode (Fig. 8 (1) , (2) , (3) ) .
[0056] However, NW / BS’s configuration content and way, Tx signal transmission and reporting way may be different with idle / inactive mode for both Device and UE.[0056.1] NW / BS’s configuration can be through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI while not paging only.[0056.2] Tx signal can also include UL SRS while not RACH preamble only.[0056.3] Reporting can be through UCI or UL data transmission while not RA or SDT.
[0057] Fig. 11 (1) ~ (3) shows the process of Device and UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception when both Device and UE are in connected mode, corresponding to Fig. 8 (1) ~ (3) .
[0058] Step 1.3: NW pairs Device and UE.
[0059] Based on the reporting of UEs and / or Device, BS / server can know which UEs are suitable for the next step operations. For example,[0059.1] The UEs that can detect Device’s Tx signal can be paired with the Device and continue to the next step operations.[0059.2] The UEs that can detect Device’s Tx signal and that their Tx signal can also be detected by the Device can be paired with the Device and continue to the next step operations.
[0060] Step 1.3 can be performed after step 1.2 or during step 1.2 as illustrated in Fig. 8 (1) ~ (3) .
[0061] Step 2 (optional) : more times or finer sensing is performed.
[0062] If more times sensing or finer sensings are required, step 2 shall be performed.
[0063] Step 2 includes three substeps. UE can be in idle, inactive or connected mode based on the service requirement.[0063.1] 2.1 configuration: BS / server configures Device and UEs again, which can include new Tx signal configurations (e.g., larger BW) , and new sensing ways which may be different from step 1 (e.g., TDoA (step 1) + RTT (step 2) , delay / angle estimation (step 1) + doppler (step 2) ) .[0063.2] 2.2 sync operation:For TDoA, sync error among UEs’s hall be within small range (e.g., ‘ns’ referring to positioning requirement) . So, extra sync operation may be needed before finer estimation.[0063.3] Before Device’s sensing signal is transmitted, UEs shall make DL sync operations (e.g., based on TRS) .RAN4 shall have conformance test to ensure UE’s DL timing error within certain limits.[0063.4] 2.3 sensing operations: they are similar as step 1.2.
[0064] There are four methods to trigger Idle / inactive mode UE to perform sensing (see Fig. 12 (1) ~ (4) ) . Fig. 9 shows the process of Device and / or UE operations and windows of signal transmission and reception in idle or inactive mode.
[0065] Method 1 (Fig. 12 (1) ) : UE report capability and position info. → UE enter idle mode → NW / BS triggers sensing task and configures sensing signal and resource when sensing service is requested (SIB configuration → paging indication) → if UE has capability and is ready to perform sensing, UE directly starts sensing operations actively → UE reports sensing data through random access if needed.
[0066] UE reports sensing capability and position info. to BS / NW. BS / NW stores these UEs’ information. When sensing service is requested in certain area, NW / BS can select suitable UEs based on the capability and position information, and configure UE-specific or cell-specific sensing signals or resources to UEs.[0066.1] UE reports these information in the initial access procedure, or before entering idle or inactive mode.[0066.2] Special UE type for sensing service shall be defined, such as CPE with sensing capability, dedicated sensing device whose location is fixed, and general UE that can ensure its location is fixed in the following idle and inactive mode for a period of time.[0066.3] The reporting content includes UE type (e.g., special sensing device) , sensing capability (e.g., supported sensing mode; signal processing capability; whether supporting DL and / or UL sensing operation in idle and inactive mode or not) and position info. (e.g., GPS info. ; perform DL / UL positioning related procedure with BS / NW; whether its location is fixed or not) .
[0067] SIB and paging are used to configure and indicate sensing signal and resource.[0067.1] Sensing signal and sensing resource (for both UL and DL) configuration can be carried on SIB message. There can be more than one configurations (candidate configurations) . Paging message further indicates one of configurations to use.[0067.2] Therefore, SIB messages shall be designed to have the candidate sensing signal and sensing resource (for both UL and DL) configurations. Paging message shall be designed to indicate (e.g., use several bits in paging message) one of configurations for the following sensing operation.
[0068] SIB and paging are used to configure and trigger sensing service (including informing sensing service type and the required sensing capabilities to UE) .[0068.1] If sensing service is requested, SIB and paging are used to configure, trigger and inform UE to perform sensing operation. UE can be directly triggered and informed by NW / BS. Or sensing service type and requirement are broadcasted to all UEs in certain area by BS / NW, and UEs actively performs sensing operation if they have the capability and are ready to perform the sensing operation.[0068.2] Specific paging occasion can be defined for UEs with special type of sensing service (e.g., through define specific TMSI / IMSI) . Paging message for these sensing UEs are transmitted in special occasion, in order to avoid waking up those UEs which don’ t have sensing capability.[0068.3] SIB messages shall be designed to have some options (or candidates) of sensing service type and requirement. Paging message shall be designed to indicate (e.g., use several bits in paging message) one of sensing service type and requirement.
[0069] Method 2 (Fig. 12 (2) ) : UE report capability and position info. → UE enter idle mode → NW / BS triggers sensing task and configures sensing signal and resource when sensing service is requested (SIB configuration → paging indication) → if UE has capability and is ready to perform sensing, UE performs random access and report related capability to NW / BS → UE enter connected mode (including CDRX mode) → BS / NW further confirms UE and configure UE → UE starts sensing operations and report sensing data if needed.
[0070] Method 3 (Fig. 12 (3) ) : UE report capability and position info. → UE enter idle mode → NW / BS triggers sensing task and configures sensing signal and resource when sensing service is requested (SIB configuration → paging indication) → if UE has capability and is ready to perform sensing, UE performs random access and reports related capability to NW / BS →BS / NW confirm UE and configure UE → UE enters inactive mode → UE start sensing operations → UE reports sensing data through RA or SDT (small data transmission) if needed.
[0071] In inactive mode, sensing signal transmission and reception and sensing reporting can refer to R17 / R18 positioning operation in inactive mode.[0071.1] Sensing signal and resource configurations and sensing reporting can be based on SDT.
[0072] Method 4 (Fig. 12 (4) ) : UE reports capabilities in connected mode, BS / NW confirm UE and configure UE to wait for sensing task triggering → UE enter inactive mode → NW / BS triggers sensing task and indicates sensing signal and resource (through paging indication) → UE start sensing signal transmission and / or reception and signal processing → UE reports sensing data through RA or SDT if needed.
[0073] In method 4, RRC / MAC-CE / DCI and paging are used to configure and indicate sensing signal and resource.[0073.1] Sensing signal and sensing resource (for both UL and DL) configuration can be configured through RRC / MAC-CE / DCI. There can be more than one configurations (candidate configurations) . Paging message further indicates one of configurations to use.[0073.2] Therefore, RRC / MAC-CE / DCI shall be designed to have the candidate sensing signal and sensing resource (for both UL and DL) configurations. Paging message shall be designed to indicate (e.g., use several bits in paging message) one of configurations for the following sensing operation.
[0074] In method 4, RRC / MAC-CE / DCI and paging are used to configure and trigger sensing service (including informing sensing service type and the required sensing capabilities to UE) .[0074.1] If sensing service is requested, RRC / MAC-CE / DCI and paging are used to trigger and inform UE to perform sensing operation. UE can be directly triggered and informed by NW / BS. Or sensing service type and requirement are broadcasted to all UEs in certain area by BS / NW, and UEs actively performs sensing operation if they have the capability and are ready to perform the sensing operation.[0074.2] RRC / MAC-CE / DCI shall be designed to have some options (or candidates) of sensing service type, configuration and requirement. Paging message shall be designed to indicate (e.g., use several bits in paging message) one of sensing service type and requirement.
[0075] [Rectified under Rule 91, 17.12.2025]Fig. 13 shows an exemplary block diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The communication apparatus 800 can be configured to implement various embodiments of the disclosure described herein. The communication apparatus 800 can include a processor 810, a memory 820, and a radio frequency (RF) module 830 that are coupled together as shown in FIG. 13. In different examples, the communication apparatus 800 can be a base station, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, a vehicle carried device, and the like.
[0076] The processor 810 can be configured to perform various functions of the described above with reference to Figs. 1-12. The processor 810 can include signal processing circuitry to process received or to be transmitted data according to communication protocols specified in, for example, LTE and NR standards. Additionally, the processor 810 may execute program instructions, for example, stored in the memory 820, to perform functions related with different communication protocols. The processor 810 can be implemented with suitable hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, the processor 810 can be implemented with application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) , field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) , and the like, that includes circuitry. The circuitry can be configured to perform various functions of the processor 810.
[0077] In one example, the memory 820 can store program instructions that, when executed by the processor 810, cause the processor 810 to perform various functions as described herein. The memory 820 can include a read only memory (ROM) , a random access memory (RAM) , a flash memory, a solid state memory, a hard disk drive, and the like.
[0078] The RF module 830 can be configured to receive a digital signal from the processor 810 and accordingly transmit a signal to a base station in a wireless communication network via an antenna 840. In addition, the RF module 830 can be configured to receive a wireless signal from a base station and accordingly generate a digital signal which is provided to the processor 810. The RF module 830 can include digital to analog / analog to digital converters (DAC / ADC) , frequency down / up converters, filters, and amplifiers for reception and transmission operations. For example, the RF module 830 can include converter circuits, filter circuits, amplification circuits, and the like, for processing signals on different carriers or bandwidth parts.
[0079] The communication apparatus 800 can optionally include other components, such as input and output devices, additional CPU or signal processing circuitry, and the like. Accordingly, the communication apparatus 800 may be capable of performing other additional functions, such as executing application programs, and processing alternative communication protocols.
[0080] The processes and functions described herein can be implemented as a computer program which, when executed by one or more processors, can cause the one or more processors to perform the respective processes and functions. The computer program may be stored or distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with, or as part of, other hardware. The computer program may also be distributed in other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. For example, the computer program can be obtained and loaded into an apparatus, including obtaining the computer program through physical medium or distributed system, including, for example, from a server connected to the Internet.
[0081] The computer program may be accessible from a computer-readable medium providing program instructions for use by or in connection with a computer or any instruction execution system. A computer readable medium may include any apparatus that stores, communicates, propagates, or transports the computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable medium can be magnetic, optical, electronic, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system (or apparatus or device) or a propagation medium. The computer-readable medium may include a computer-readable non-transitory storage medium such as a semiconductor or solid state memory, magnetic tape, a removable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM) , a read-only memory (ROM) , a magnetic disk and an optical disk, and the like. The computer-readable non-transitory storage medium can include all types of computer readable medium, including magnetic storage medium, optical storage medium, flash medium and solid state storage medium.
[0082] While aspects of the present disclosure have been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments thereof that are proposed as examples, alternatives, modifications, and variations to the examples may be made. Accordingly, embodiments as set forth herein are intended to be illustrative and not limiting. There are changes that may be made without departing from the scope of the claims set forth below.
Claims
1.A method, comprising:The procedures and operations among Device, UE, BS and NW / Server to support UE-to-UE bi-static sensing.2.A method, comprising:The methods to trigger idle mode or inactive mode UE or Device to perform sensing related operations.