Camera assembly and terminal apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a camera assembly and a terminal apparatus. The camera assembly comprises a position detection mechanism, a driving mechanism, a fixed portion, and a movable portion, wherein the driving mechanism is used for driving the movable portion to move in a first direction relative to the fixed portion; and the position detection mechanism comprises a magnetic scale and a plurality of tunnel magnetoresistance sensors, the magnetic scale being fixedly mounted on the movable portion, and the plurality of tunnel magnetoresistance sensors being fixedly mounted on the fixed portion. The plurality of tunnel magnetoresistance sensors include a first tunnel magnetoresistance sensor and a second tunnel magnetoresistance sensor, which are arranged in the first direction. The movement stroke of the movable portion comprises a first section and a second section. When the movable portion is located in the first section, the first tunnel magnetoresistance sensor is used to measure the magnetic field strength of the magnetic scale to determine the position parameter of the movable portion; and when the movable portion is located in the second section, the second tunnel magnetoresistance sensor is used to measure the magnetic field strength of the magnetic scale to determine the position parameter of the movable portion. The plurality of tunnel magnetoresistance sensors work in succession to measure the position of the magnetic scale, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the camera assembly.

Description

A camera component and terminal device

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510483097.4, filed on April 17, 2025, entitled "A Camera Component and Terminal Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This application relates to the field of camera technology, and more particularly to a camera component and terminal device. Background Technology

[0004] With the rapid development of consumer electronics products such as smartphones, drones, augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR) devices, the demand for high-magnification optical zoom and miniaturized designs in imaging systems is increasing. Periscope zoom modules, as an optical solution capable of achieving high-magnification zoom in a compact size, are gradually becoming one of the core components of imaging systems. However, the multi-lens design, long-stroke motion, and miniaturization requirements of periscope zoom modules place more and higher demands on motor detection solutions.

[0005] Currently, conventional high-precision motor detection solutions typically employ a combination of tunnel magnetoresistive (TMR) sensors and magnetic gratings for position detection. TMR sensors offer advantages such as high sensitivity, low power consumption, and small size. Specifically, one TMR sensor corresponds to one magnetic grating, and the length of the grating needs to cover the motor's travel distance and end allowance to ensure high-precision detection throughout the entire range of motion. However, this approach faces numerous technical challenges and limitations when applied to periscope zoom modules, especially given the demands for multi-lens arrays, long travel distances, and miniaturization. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a camera component and a terminal device. This facilitates the miniaturization of the camera component, thereby improving the miniaturization of the terminal device.

[0007] Firstly, this application provides a camera assembly. The camera assembly includes a position detection mechanism, a driving mechanism, a fixed part, and a movable part. The movable part can be used to fix a focusing lens assembly. The driving mechanism is connected to the movable part and is used to drive the movable part to move relative to the fixed part along a first direction, thereby enabling the camera module to focus or adjust focus. The position detection mechanism includes a magnetic grating and multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors. The magnetic grating is fixedly installed on the movable part, and the multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors are fixedly installed on the fixed part. Specifically, the multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors can move along the first direction to successively detect the position of the magnetic grating, and then detect the position of the movable part. Specifically, the multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors include a first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and a second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, which are arranged along the first direction. The movement stroke of the movable part along the first direction includes a first segment and a second segment. When the movable part is in the first segment, the position parameters of the movable part are determined by detecting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating using the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; when the movable part is in the second segment, the position parameters of the movable part are determined by detecting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating using the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. Thus, the first and second tunnel magnetoresistive sensors can relay the detection of the magnetic grating's position, and subsequently relay the detection of the position parameters of the moving part. This solution has lower requirements for the length of the magnetic grating, resulting in a shorter grating and eliminating the need for longer gratings. This facilitates the miniaturization of the camera module, especially for scenarios with long-stroke movement of the moving part, allowing for a high degree of miniaturization of the camera assembly. Furthermore, the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor in this solution is located in the fixed part, thus reducing the requirements for the signal transmission lines of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. This simplifies the structure of the camera module, promotes miniaturization, and improves the reliability of the electrical connection of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.

[0008] To improve the reliability of the position detection mechanism in detecting the position parameters of the moving part, the detection areas of the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor partially overlap. The closer to the center of the detection area of ​​the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, the stronger the detection effect. This ensures that when the moving part is located in the first section, the magnetic grating on the moving part is located in the region of stronger magnetic field strength detected by the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; when the moving part is located in the second section, the magnetic grating on the moving part is located in the region of stronger magnetic field strength detected by the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. This improves the reliability of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor in detecting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating, thus enhancing the reliability of determining the position parameters of the moving part.

[0009] The number of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors included in a position detection mechanism can be chosen such that the number N satisfies either: N = Floor(S / (L-1mm)), where S / (L-1mm) is a non-integer; or N = S / (L-1mm)-1, where S / (L-1mm) is an integer; where Floor is a floor function, S is the travel distance of the magnetic grating, and L is the length of the magnetic grating, both in mm. A smaller number of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors helps reduce the cost and simplify the structure of the camera assembly.

[0010] In a further technical solution, the number N of multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors in the aforementioned position detection mechanism satisfies: N = Floor(S / (L-1mm)) + 1, where S / (L-1mm) is a non-integer; or, N = S / (L-1mm), where S / (L-1mm) is an integer; where Floor is a floor function, S is the travel distance of the magnetic grating, and L is the length of the magnetic grating, with both the travel distance S and the length L in mm. This solution allows for a larger detection margin between adjacent tunnel magnetoresistive sensors, utilizing the area with better detection performance at the center of the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor to detect the position of the magnetic grating, thereby improving the detection reliability of the position detection mechanism. Furthermore, the number of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors is reasonable, and the cost of the camera assembly remains low.

[0011] In some technical solutions, the aforementioned camera assembly may include multiple moving parts. For example, the moving parts of the camera assembly may include a first moving part and a second moving part, and the position detection mechanism may include a first position detection mechanism and a second position detection mechanism. The first position detection mechanism is used to detect the position parameters of the first moving part, and the second position detection mechanism is used to detect the position parameters of the second moving part. Specifically, the magnetic grating of the first position detection mechanism is a first magnetic grating, and the multiple tunneling magnetoresistive sensors of the first position detection mechanism form a first group of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors. The first magnetic grating is located in the first moving part, and the first group of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating. The magnetic grating of the second position detection mechanism is a second magnetic grating, and the multiple tunneling magnetoresistive sensors of the second position detection mechanism form a second group of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors. The second magnetic grating is located in the second moving part, and the second group of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating. This solution can adjust the number of position detection mechanisms according to the number of moving parts.

[0012] To further enhance the miniaturization of the camera assembly, at least one tunnel magnetoresistive (TMR) sensor can be reused between the first and second sets of TMR sensors. Specifically, the first set of TMR sensors includes a third TMR sensor and a shared TMR sensor, while the second set includes a shared TMR sensor and a fourth TMR sensor. The shared TMR sensor is the reused TMR sensor between the first and second sets. This shared TMR sensor is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating in the first time period and to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating in the second time period; the first and second time periods do not overlap. Reusing the shared TMR sensor reduces the number of TMR sensors included in the camera assembly, which helps reduce the cost of the camera assembly and also reduces the space occupied by the TMR sensor, further enhancing the miniaturization of the camera assembly.

[0013] The first time period can specifically be the period when the first movable part moves and the second movable part stops, and the second time period can specifically be the period when the second movable part moves and the first movable part stops. That is, during the period when the first movable part moves and the second movable part stops, a shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating. During the period when the second movable part moves and the first movable part stops, a shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating.

[0014] The aforementioned camera assembly may further include a microcontroller unit, which is electrically connected to the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor of the position detection mechanism, respectively. The microcontroller unit stores a mapping relationship between the position parameters of the movable part and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, and also stores a mapping relationship between the position parameters of the movable part and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. The microcontroller unit is used to determine the position parameters of the movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the first and second tunnel magnetoresistive sensors. The microcontroller unit acquires the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and determines the position parameters of the movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.

[0015] Furthermore, the microcontroller can also be electrically connected to the drive mechanism. The microcontroller controls the drive mechanism to move or stop the moving part based on its position parameters. The position detection structure can promptly determine the position parameters of the moving part. When the position parameters of the moving part's current position have not reached the position parameters corresponding to the target position, the microcontroller controls the drive mechanism to move the moving part towards the target position. When the position parameters of the moving part's current position coincide with the position parameters of the target position, the microcontroller controls the drive mechanism to stop moving the moving part.

[0016] In the specific technical solution, the first and second position detection mechanisms of the camera assembly include a shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. Specifically, the magnetic grating of the first position detection mechanism is a first magnetic grating, and the multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors of the first position detection mechanism form a first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors; the first magnetic grating is located in the first movable part, and the first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating; the magnetic grating of the second position detection mechanism is a second magnetic grating, and the multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors of the second position detection mechanism form a second group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors; the second magnetic grating is located in the second movable part, and the second group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating; the first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors includes a third tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and a shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, and the second group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors includes a shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and a fourth tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; the microcontroller unit stores the position parameters of the first movable part. The microcontroller stores the mapping relationship between the number of parameters and the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating detected by the shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, and also stores the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the second movable part and the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating detected by the shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. When the microcontroller detects that the first movable part moves while the second movable part stops, it determines the position parameters of the first movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating detected by the third tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating detected by the shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. When the microcontroller detects that the second movable part moves while the first movable part stops, it determines the position parameters of the second movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating detected by the shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating detected by the fourth tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.

[0017] When the microcontroller detects simultaneous movement of the first and second movable parts, it does not process the magnetic field strength detected by the shared tunneling magnetoresistive sensor. Instead, the microcontroller determines the position parameters of the first movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating detected by the third tunneling magnetoresistive sensor, or the position parameters of the second movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating detected by the fourth tunneling magnetoresistive sensor. Specifically, when the first and second movable parts move simultaneously, it can be understood that they are relatively fixed; determining the position parameters of one of them allows the determination of the other. Alternatively, in some scenarios, it may be necessary to determine only the position parameters of either the first or second movable part.

[0018] In an optional technical solution, the aforementioned camera component is a motor. This motor can be mounted within the camera component to drive the zoom lens group within the camera component to move.

[0019] In another alternative technical solution, the aforementioned camera assembly can be a webcam assembly, which further includes a zoom lens group fixed to the movable part. This webcam assembly has a more compact structure, which is beneficial for miniaturization.

[0020] Secondly, this application also provides a terminal device. The terminal device includes a housing and the camera assembly provided in the first aspect, the camera assembly being mounted on the housing. The camera assembly included in the mobile terminal has a high degree of miniaturization, which is beneficial for improving the miniaturization of the terminal device. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a partially exploded view of the electronic device shown in Figure 1;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the electronic device shown in Figure 1 at point AA;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a camera module in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 is a partial structural diagram of a camera module in related technologies;

[0026] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a camera module in related technologies;

[0027] Figure 7 is a partial structural diagram of a motor in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 8 is a partial structural diagram of the camera component in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the calibration process of the microcontroller unit in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a camera component in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a camera component in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a camera component in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the movable part of the camera component in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the movable part of the camera component in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the movable part of the camera component in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Reference numerals: 100-Housing; 110-Middle frame; 120-Back cover; 121-Opening; 122-Camera decorative piece; 1221-Flange; 1222-Light inlet; 123-Second cover plate; 200-Screen; 210-First cover plate; 220-Display; 300-Main circuit board; 310-Clearing space; 400-Camera module; 410-Optical lens; 4101-Fixed lens group; 4102-Zoom lens group; 420-Module circuit board; 430-Photosensitive chip; 440-Fixed housing; 450-Filter; 460-Motor; 1-Position detection mechanism; 1a-First position detection mechanism; 1b-Second position detection mechanism; 11-Magnetic grid; 11a-First magnetic grid; 11b-Second magnetic grid; 12-Tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; 12a-First tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; 12b-Second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; 13-Common tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; 14-Third tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; 15-Fourth tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; 2-Drive mechanism; 3-Fixed part; 4-Moving part; 4a-First moving part; 4b-Second moving part; 470-Microcontroller unit; 50-First section; 51-Second section. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The terminology used in the following embodiments is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to also include expressions such as “one or more,” unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0039] References to “an embodiment” or “a specific embodiment” as used in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and variations thereof mean “including, but not limited to,” unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0040] To facilitate understanding of the camera components and terminal devices provided in the embodiments of this application, their application scenarios will be introduced first below.

[0041] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of this application, and Figure 2 is a partially exploded schematic diagram of the electronic device shown in Figure 1. Referring to Figures 1 and 2 together, the electronic device may include a housing 100, a screen 200, a main circuit board 300, and a camera module 400. It should be noted that Figures 1, 2, and the related figures below only schematically show some components included in the terminal device; the actual shape, size, position, and structure of these components are not limited by Figures 1, 2, and the figures below. Furthermore, Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the technical solution of this application using a mobile phone as an example. When the terminal device is of other forms, the terminal device may not include the screen 200 and the main circuit board 300.

[0042] The housing 100 may include a middle frame 110 and a back cover 120. The back cover 120 is fixed to one side of the middle frame 110. In one embodiment, the back cover 120 is fixedly connected to the middle frame 110 by adhesive. In another embodiment, the back cover 120 and the middle frame 110 form an integral structure, that is, the back cover 120 and the middle frame 110 are a single integral structure.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 2 again. The screen 200 is fixed to the other side of the mid-frame 110. At this time, the screen 200 and the back cover 120 are positioned opposite each other. The screen 200, mid-frame 110, and back cover 120 together enclose the interior of the terminal device. The interior of the terminal device can be used to house components such as the battery, receiver, and microphone.

[0044] In this embodiment, the screen 200 can be used to display images, text, etc. The screen 200 can be a flat screen or a curved screen. The screen 200 includes a first cover plate 210 and a display screen 220. The first cover plate 210 is stacked on the side of the display screen 220 facing away from the middle frame 110. The first cover plate 210 can be set tightly against the display screen 220, and its main function is to protect the display screen 220 and prevent dust. The material of the first cover plate 210 can be, but is not limited to, glass.

[0045] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in Figure 1 at point AA. Referring also to Figures 2 and 3, the main circuit board 300 is fixed inside the terminal device. Specifically, the main circuit board 300 can be fixed to the side of the screen 200 facing the back cover 120. The main circuit board 300 can be used to house chips, which can be central processing units (CPUs), graphics processing units (GPUs), and universal flash storage (UFS), etc.

[0046] The camera module 400 is fixed inside the terminal device. Specifically, the camera module 400 is fixed to the side of the screen 200 facing the back cover 120. Furthermore, to reduce the thickness of the terminal device, the host circuit board 300 can be provided with a clearance space 310. The shape of this clearance space 310 is not limited to the rectangle shown in Figures 1 and 2. The camera module 400 is located within the clearance space 310. Thus, in the thickness direction of the terminal device, the camera module 400 and the host circuit board 300 do not overlap, thereby avoiding the problem of increased thickness of the terminal device due to the camera module 400 being stacked on the host circuit board 300. Of course, in other embodiments, the host circuit board 300 may not have a clearance space 310; in this case, the camera module 400 can be stacked on the host circuit board 300 or offset from it.

[0047] In this embodiment, the camera module 400 is electrically connected to the host circuit board 300. Specifically, the camera module 400 is electrically connected to the CPU on the host circuit board 300. When the CPU receives a user's instruction, it can send a signal to the camera module 400 through the host circuit board 300 to control the camera module 400 to capture images or record videos. In other embodiments, when the terminal device does not have a host circuit board 300, the camera module 400 can also directly receive user instructions and capture images or record videos according to those instructions.

[0048] As shown in Figure 3, the camera module may include an optical lens 410, a module circuit board 420, a photosensitive chip 430, and a mounting housing 440. The optical lens 410, module circuit board 420, and photosensitive chip 430 are respectively mounted on the mounting housing 440. The optical lens 410 includes a light-input side 410a and a light-output side 410b. The optical lens 410 can receive light on the light-input side 410a and emit light on the light-output side 410b. The module circuit board 420 is fixed to the light-output side of the optical lens 410, that is, the module circuit board 420 is located on the image side of the optical lens 410. The module circuit board 420 can be electrically connected to the host circuit board 300 to enable signal transmission between the host circuit board 300 and the module circuit board 420. The photosensitive chip 430 is fixed to the side of the module circuit board 420 facing the optical lens 410. The photosensitive chip 430 is electrically connected to the module circuit board 420. Thus, after the photosensitive chip 430 collects light from the light-emitting side 410b of the optical lens 410, it generates a signal based on the light and transmits the signal to the host circuit board 300 via the module circuit board 420. For example, the photosensitive chip 430 can be an image sensor such as a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device or a charge-coupled device (CCD).

[0049] Furthermore, the camera module 400 may also include a filter 450, located on the side of the image sensor 430 facing the optical lens 410. The filter 450 can filter stray light from the ambient light passing through the optical lens 410 and allow the filtered ambient light to propagate to the image sensor 430, thereby ensuring better image clarity when captured by the electronic device. The filter 450 can be, but is not limited to, a blue glass filter. For example, the filter 450 can also be a reflective infrared filter or a dual-pass filter. The aforementioned dual-pass filter allows two types of light to pass through simultaneously, such as allowing visible light and infrared light from the ambient light to pass through simultaneously, or allowing visible light and ultraviolet light from the ambient light to pass through simultaneously, or allowing infrared light and other specific wavelengths of light to pass through simultaneously.

[0050] Referring again to Figure 3, the back cover 120 has an opening 121 that connects the interior of the terminal device to the exterior. The terminal device also includes a camera trim 122 and a second cover plate 123. The camera trim 122 is disposed within the opening 121 and is fixedly connected to the back cover 120. For example, the camera trim 122 can be fixed to the opening 121 by bonding or interference fit. Furthermore, to improve the reliability of the connection between the camera trim 122 and the back cover 120, the end of the camera trim 122 facing the interior of the electronic device may have a flange 1221, which can be fixedly connected to the inner surface of the back cover 120. The camera trim 122 also has a light-entry hole 1222, which connects the interior of the terminal device to the exterior and exposes the light-entry side 410a of the optical lens 410 inside the electronic device. The second cover plate 123 is fixed inside the light inlet hole 1222, thereby separating the interior of the terminal device from the exterior of the terminal device and reducing the entry of water or dust from the outside into the interior of the terminal device through the light inlet hole. The second cover plate 123 is made of a transparent material, such as glass or plastic.

[0051] Considering installation and manufacturing errors, the radial dimension of the light inlet aperture 1222 is typically larger than the radial dimension of the light inlet side 410a of the optical lens 410, so that the light inlet side 410a of the optical lens 410 can be fully exposed within the light inlet aperture 1222. In some embodiments, the edge region of the second cover plate 123 may be coated with ink to shield the internal structure of the terminal device other than the light inlet side 410a of the optical lens 410, thereby improving the appearance design of the terminal device. The inner region of the second cover plate 123 is opposite to the light inlet side of the optical lens, and the inner region of the second cover plate 123 may be formed as a light-transmitting area so that the light inlet side 410a of the optical lens 410 can collect the light entering the interior of the terminal device through the light-transmitting area.

[0052] In addition to mobile phones, in specific embodiments, the aforementioned terminal devices may also be tablet personal computers, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices (such as smartwatches and smart bracelets), virtual reality (VR) devices, augmented reality (AR) devices, cameras, in-vehicle devices, drones, or other forms of terminal devices with photography and video recording functions. This application does not impose any restrictions on these.

[0053] The camera module provided in this application can be a zoom camera module, which refers to a camera module that can change its focal length within a certain range to obtain different sizes of field of view. Focal length measures the degree of light convergence or divergence in an optical system; specifically, it refers to the distance from the optical center of the lens to the focal point where parallel light converges. For cameras with the same parameters, the longer the focal length, the higher the pixel resolution of the captured image and the clearer the image. Field of view refers to the shooting range of the camera, expressed in degrees. The larger the angle, the larger the shooting range of the camera, i.e., the larger the field of view. Typically, field of view ranges from 10° to 30°, 50° to 70°, 90° to 120°, or 180° to 360°.

[0054] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a camera module structure in one embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, in one embodiment, the optical lens of the camera module includes a fixed lens group 4101 and a zoom lens group 4102, which are located on the light transmission path between the light input side and the light output side. The fixed lens group 4101 is fixedly disposed relative to the fixed housing and does not move relative to the fixed housing. The zoom lens group 4102 is movable relative to the fixed housing. By driving the zoom lens group 4102 to move, the distance between the zoom lens group 4102 and the fixed lens group 4101 can be adjusted, thereby changing the focal length of the camera module to correspond to different magnifications and field of view, thus realizing the zoom of the zoom lens of the camera module. In addition, by adjusting the specific position of the zoom lens group 4102, the focusing of the camera module can also be achieved.

[0055] In specific embodiments, the number of lenses included in each "lens group" in this application is not limited, and may include at least one lens. For example, each lens group may include one lens, or it may include at least two lenses. Furthermore, the number of lenses included in each of the above lens groups may be the same or different, and this application does not impose any restrictions. For example, the above-mentioned zoom lens group 4102 may include one lens, or it may include at least two lenses. Similarly, the above-mentioned fixed lens group 4101 may also include one lens, or it may include at least two lenses. When the above-mentioned lens group includes at least two lenses, the image may be clearer. When the lens group includes at least two lenses, adjacent lenses can be arranged in contact with each other, or there can be a certain gap between adjacent lenses.

[0056] To drive the movement of the zoom lens assembly 4102, the camera module also includes a motor 460, which comprises a position detection mechanism 1, a drive mechanism 2, a fixing part 3, and a movable part 4. The fixing part 3 is fixedly disposed relative to the fixing housing 440. Specifically, the fixing part 3 can be directly fixed to the fixing housing 440, or both the fixing part 3 and the fixing housing 440 can be fixed to the same structure, for example, both the fixing part 3 and the fixing housing 440 can be fixedly installed on the housing 100 of the terminal device. The zoom lens assembly 4102 is fixed to the movable part 4. The drive mechanism 2 is connected to the movable part 4 and is used to drive the movable part 4 to move relative to the fixing part 3 in a first direction, thereby driving the zoom lens assembly 4102 to move in the first direction to achieve zooming of the camera module's zoom lens.

[0057] During the zooming process of the camera module, the position of the zoom lens group 4102 needs to be positioned relatively accurately. Therefore, the motor 460 of the camera module also includes a position detection mechanism 1, which can detect the position of the zoom lens group 4102 in a timely and accurate manner. Specifically, it can also be understood that the position detection mechanism 1 can detect the position of the moving part 4 in a timely and accurate manner.

[0058] Figure 5 is a partial structural diagram of a camera module in a related technology. As shown in Figure 5, in one related technology, the position detection mechanism 1 includes a magnetic grating 11 and a tunnel magnetoresistive (TMR) sensor 12. The magnetic grating 11 is fixed to the movable part 4, and the TMR sensor 12 is fixed to the fixed part 3. In this related technology, since the detection area of ​​the TMR sensor 12 is small, the length of the magnetic grating 11 along the first direction needs to cover the movement stroke of the movable part 4, so that at any position of the movable part 4 during its movement stroke, a portion of the structure of the magnetic grating 11 is opposite to the detection area of ​​the TMR sensor 12, allowing the TMR sensor 12 to detect the position of the movable part 4 throughout its entire movement stroke. In this solution, the magnetic grating 11 is relatively long, occupying a large space, making it difficult to achieve miniaturization of the camera module.

[0059] Figure 6 is a partial structural diagram of a camera module in a related technology. As shown in Figure 6, in one related technology, the magnetic grating 11 in the position detection mechanism 1 is fixed to the fixed part 3, and the TMR sensor 12 is fixed to the movable part 4. In this related technology, since the TMR sensor 12 needs to be powered, it is connected to electrical connectors such as a flexible circuit board. Since the TMR sensor 12 moves with the movable part 4, the electrical connectors need to move with the TMR sensor 12, which usually requires a large space layout. In addition, the reliability of the electrical connection is also highly demanding.

[0060] The camera component provided in this application embodiment may be only the motor 460 mentioned above, or it may also be the camera module mentioned above.

[0061] Figure 7 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the motor 460 in one embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, in one embodiment, the position detection mechanism 1 includes a magnetic grating 11 and a plurality of TMR sensors 12. The magnetic grating 11 is fixedly installed on the movable part 4, and the plurality of TMR sensors are fixedly installed on the fixed part 3. The movable part 4 moves along a first direction, and the plurality of TMR sensors 12 are arranged along the first direction, thereby successively detecting the position parameters of the magnetic grating 11 on the movable part 4, and then successively detecting the position parameters of the movable part 4 that fixes the magnetic grating 11, and then successively detecting the position parameters of the focusing lens group fixed on the movable part 4.

[0062] For ease of description, the multiple TMR sensors 12 of the position detection mechanism 1 are assumed to include a first TMR sensor 12a and a second TMR sensor 12b, which are arranged along a first direction. The travel of the movable part 4 along the first direction includes a first segment 50 and a second segment 51. Specifically, the determination of the first segment 50 and the second segment 51 can be based on a fixed position of the movable part 4. For example, the reference can be the edge of either end of the movable part 4 along the first direction, or the center of the movable part 4 along the first direction, or the edge of either end of the magnetic grating 11 fixed on the movable part 4 along the first direction, or the center of the magnetic grating 11 along the first direction. If the reference is located in one segment, the movable part 4 is located in the first segment 50; if the reference is located in another segment, the movable part 4 is located in the second segment 51. In the embodiment shown in FIG7, the first segment 50 and the second segment 51 are determined based on the center of the magnetic grating 11 along the first direction. When the movable part 4 is located in the first section 50, the position parameters of the movable part 4 are determined by detecting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 using the first TMR sensor 12a. Since the movable part 4 is located in the first section 50, a portion of the magnetic grating 11 can be considered to be within the detection area of ​​the first TMR sensor 12a. The first TMR sensor 12a can detect the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11. Based on the magnetic field strength detected by the first TMR sensor 12a, the microcontroller unit connected to the first TMR sensor 12a can determine the position of the magnetic grating 11, thereby determining the position of the movable part 4 and the position of the zoom lens assembly 4102. When the movable part 4 is located in the second section 51, the position parameters of the movable part 4 are determined by detecting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 using the second TMR sensor 12b. The active part 4 is located in the second section 51. It can be assumed that a part of the magnetic grating 11 is located in the detection area of ​​the second TMR sensor 12b. The second TMR sensor 12b can detect the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11. Based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the second TMR sensor 12b, the position of the magnetic grating 11 can be determined, and thus the position of the active part 4 and the position of the focusing lens group can be determined.

[0063] In this embodiment, the movable part 4 is located in different segments of the travel distance. Different TMR sensors are used to detect the position of the magnetic grating 11 on the movable part 4, thereby determining the position of the movable part 4. This solution has lower requirements for the length of the magnetic grating 11, thus eliminating the need for a long magnetic grating 11 and facilitating the miniaturization of the camera module. Furthermore, the TMR sensor 12 in this solution is located on the fixed part 3, thus reducing the requirements for the signal transmission lines of the TMR sensor 12, simplifying the structure of the camera module, promoting miniaturization, and improving the reliability of the electrical connection of the TMR sensor 12.

[0064] In specific embodiments, the first segment 50 and the second segment 51 may not overlap. Optionally, the first segment and the second segment may be arranged adjacent to each other, that is, at a certain point, one side is the first segment 50 and the other side is the second segment 51. Alternatively, there may be a non-detection segment between the first segment 50 and the second segment 51, during which the moving part does not need to detect the position parameters of the moving part.

[0065] To improve the reliability of the position detection mechanism 1 in detecting the position parameters of the movable part 4, the detection areas of the first TMR sensor 12a and the second TMR sensor 12b can partially overlap. Since the edge detection effect of the TMR sensor 12's detection area may be weaker, the detection effect is stronger closer to the center of the TMR sensor 12's detection area. This ensures that when the movable part 4 is located in the first segment 50, the magnetic grating 11 on the movable part 4 is located in the region with a stronger magnetic field detected by the first TMR sensor 12a; and when the movable part 4 is located in the second segment 51, the magnetic grating 11 on the movable part 4 is located in the region with a stronger magnetic field detected by the second TMR sensor 12b. This improves the reliability of the TMR sensor 12 in detecting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11, thus enhancing the reliability of determining the position parameters of the movable part 4.

[0066] Figure 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the camera assembly in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, in one embodiment, the camera assembly further includes a microcontroller unit (MCU), which may integrate a central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and input / output interfaces (I / O). The MCU 470 is electrically connected to multiple TMR sensors 12 of the position detection mechanism 1, thereby acquiring the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the TMR sensors 12, and determining the position parameters of the movable part 4 based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the TMR sensors 12.

[0067] In one specific embodiment, the MCU 470 is electrically connected to the first TMR sensor 12a and the second TMR sensor 12b, respectively. The MCU 470 stores a mapping relationship between the position parameters of the movable part 4 and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a, and also stores a mapping relationship between the position parameters of the movable part 4 and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the second TMR sensor 12b. Specifically, the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the movable part 4 and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a, and the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the movable part 4 and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the second TMR sensor 12b can be stored in the MCU 470 using a calibration method. It is understood that the position parameters of the corresponding movable part 4 in the first segment 50 can be determined based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a, and the position parameters of the corresponding movable part 4 in the second segment 51 can be determined based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a. This enables the MCU470 to determine the position parameters of the movable part 4 based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the second TMR sensor 12b. Specifically, the MCU470 determines the specific position parameters of the movable part 4 in the first section 50 based on the mapping relationship of the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a; and determines the specific position parameters of the movable part 4 in the first section 50 based on the mapping relationship of the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the second TMR sensor 12b.

[0068] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the calibration process of MCU470 in this embodiment of the application. In Figure 9, y represents the position parameter code, and x represents the actual position parameter of the moving part. As shown in Figure 9, the calibration process specifically includes:

[0069] Step S101: Determine the first relationship line between the position parameter code corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a and the position parameter of the moving part 4;

[0070] As shown in Figure 9, the relationship between the position parameter code corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a and the position parameter of the moving part 4 can be determined as: y1 = k1x + b1, and the first relationship line corresponding to this relationship is a straight line. Specifically, the first relationship line can be obtained by correspondingly calibrating the position parameter code corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a and the actual position parameter of the moving part 4.

[0071] Step S102: Based on the first relationship line mentioned above, calibrate the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the magnetic grating 11 output by the first TMR sensor 12a and the position parameters of the moving part 4 in the first section;

[0072] Taking the first TMR sensor 4 as the first TMR sensor among multiple TMR sensors as an example, the relationship between the position parameters of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a and the position parameters of the moving part 4 is used as the actual mapping relationship, so that the position parameter code corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a is used as the position parameter code of the chip. The relationship between the position parameter code calibrated by the chip and the position parameters of the moving part 4 is: y = k1x + b1, x < x0.

[0073] Step S103: Determine the second relationship line between the position parameter code corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the second TMR sensor 12b and the position parameter of the moving part;

[0074] As shown in Figure 9, the relationship between the position parameter code corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the second TMR sensor 12b and the position parameter of the moving part can be determined as: y2=k2x+b2, and the second relationship line corresponding to this relationship is a straight line. Specifically, the second relationship line can be obtained by correspondingly calibrating the position parameter code corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the second TMR sensor 12b with the actual position parameter of the moving part 4.

[0075] In some embodiments, steps S101 and S103 can be performed simultaneously.

[0076] Step S104: Map the second relationship line to the extension of the first relationship line;

[0077] Since the position parameter encoding corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a and the position parameter encoding corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the second TMR sensor 12b may have some overlap, but the actual position parameters of the active part 4 mapped by the overlapping part of the above position parameter encoding are different, the second relationship line is mapped to the extension of the first relationship line, that is, the position parameter encoding corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the second TMR sensor 12b is converted to the position parameter encoding corresponding to the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 detected by the first TMR sensor 12a and then encoded, so as to eliminate the overlapping part. As shown in Figure 9, the specific process of mapping the second relationship line to the extension of the first relationship line includes: subtracting the relationship between the first relationship line and the second relationship line to obtain: y1-y2=(k1-k2)x+(b1-b2). According to the relationship of the second relationship line, x=(y2-b2) / k2 can be determined. Then the relationship of the extension line can be obtained as: y=y2+(k1-k2)*(y2-b2) / k2+(b1-b2), x≥x0.

[0078] Step S105: Determine the mapping relationship between the position parameter code of the extended line and the position parameter of the active part in the second section.

[0079] The mapping relationship is expressed as y = y² + (k1 - k2) * (y² - b²) / k² + (b1 - b²), x ≥ x0. x0 represents the position of the dividing line between the first segment 50 and the second segment 51.

[0080] Therefore, the position parameter encoding of the chip and the position parameter of the above-mentioned active part 4 satisfy the following relationship: y = k1x + b1, x ≤ x0; y = y2 + (k1 - k2) * (y2 - b2) / k2 + (b1 - b2), x < x0.

[0081] In some embodiments, the MCU470 is also electrically connected to the drive mechanism 2. The MCU470 is used to control the drive mechanism 2 to move or stop the movable part 4 based on the position parameters of the movable part 4. The position detection structure 1 can determine the position parameters of the current position of the movable part 4 in a timely manner. When the position parameters of the current position of the movable part 4 have not reached the position parameters corresponding to the target position, the MCU470 controls the drive mechanism 2 to move the movable part 4 toward the target position. When the position parameters of the current position of the movable part 4 coincide with the position parameters of the target position, the MCU470 controls the drive mechanism 2 to stop moving the movable part 4.

[0082] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a camera assembly in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 10, in one embodiment, the number N of multiple TMR sensors 12 in the position detection mechanism 1 satisfies: N = Floor(S / (L-1mm)), where S / (L-1mm) is a non-integer; or, N = S / (L-1mm)-1, where S / (L-1mm) is an integer; where Floor is a floor function, S is the travel distance of the magnetic grating 11, and L is the length of the magnetic grating 11. The units of the travel distance S and the length L of the magnetic grating are both mm. Since the TMR sensor 12 is difficult to detect at the edge of the magnetic grating 11, and the sum of the widths of the areas that are difficult to detect on both sides of the magnetic grating 11 is usually no more than 1mm, the length L of the magnetic grating needs to be reduced by 1mm so that the TMR sensor 12 can reliably detect the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11. As shown in Figure 10, since a part of the magnetic grating 11 is above the TMR sensor 12, the TMR sensor 12 can detect the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11. When the magnetic grating 11 is located at the leftmost end of its travel distance, the first TMR sensor can be positioned opposite the right end of the magnetic grating 11 at its current position. When the magnetic grating 11 moves to the right to a portion of the second region along its length, the first TMR sensor can still detect the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating 11 until the left end of the magnetic grating 11 is about to move away from it. In one embodiment, the center of the TMR sensor 12 can be considered to be located at the edge of the length of the magnetic grating 11. As shown in Figure 10, the dividing lines divide the travel distance S of the magnetic grating 11 into multiple regions according to the length L of the magnetic grating 11. The center of the TMR sensor 12 is located at the dividing lines, or in other words, the dividing lines passing through the center of the TMR sensor 12 is sufficient to meet the detection requirements. Therefore, when S / (L-1) is an integer, the number of multiple TMR sensors 12, N = S / (L-1mm)-1. When S / (L-1mm) is not an integer, the number of multiple TMR sensors 12, N, should still be equal to Floor(S / (L-1mm)). That is, the number of multiple TMR sensors can be less than S / (L-1mm), which is less than the length of the magnetic grating 11 included in the travel stroke of the magnetic grating 11. In this scheme, the number of TMR sensors 12 is relatively small, which helps to reduce the cost of the camera assembly and simplify its structure.

[0083] In a further embodiment, the number N of multiple TMRs in the position detection mechanism 1 satisfies: N = Floor(S / (L-1mm)) + 1, where S / (L-1mm) is a non-integer; or, N = S / (L-1mm), where S / (L-1mm) is an integer; where Floor is a floor function, S is the travel distance of the magnetic grating 11, and L is the length of the magnetic grating 11, with both the travel distance S and the length L in mm. This scheme allows for a larger detection margin between adjacent TMR sensors 12, utilizing the area with better detection performance at the center of the TMR sensor 12 to detect the position of the magnetic grating 11, thereby improving the detection reliability of the position detection mechanism 1. Furthermore, the number of TMR sensors 12 is reasonable, and the cost of the camera assembly remains low.

[0084] Of course, in some embodiments, N can also be made such that N > Floor(S / (L-1mm)) + 1, where S / (L-1mm) is a non-integer; or N > S / (L-1mm), where S / (L-1mm) is an integer; where Floor is a floor function, S is the travel distance of the magnetic grating 11, and L is the length of the magnetic grating 11, with both the travel distance S and the length L in mm. This allows for the use of a greater number of TMR sensors 12 to detect the position of the moving part 4, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0085] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a camera assembly in one embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 11, in one embodiment, the camera assembly may further include multiple movable parts 4, and correspondingly, multiple position detection mechanisms 1. Multiple position detection mechanisms 1 and multiple movable parts 4 can be configured in a one-to-one correspondence, with one position detection mechanism 1 detecting the position parameters of one movable part 4. Specifically, for ease of description, the movable part 4 of the above-mentioned camera assembly is considered to include a first movable part 4a and a second movable part 4b, and the position detection mechanism 1 includes a first position detection mechanism 1a and a second position detection mechanism 1b. The first position detection mechanism 1a is used to detect the position parameters of the first movable part 4a, and the second position detection mechanism 1b is used to detect the position parameters of the second movable part 4b.

[0086] Specifically, the magnetic grating 11 of the first position detection mechanism 1a is a first magnetic grating 11a, which is located in the first movable part 4a. The multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors of the first position detection mechanism 1a are a first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors. The first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors of the first position detection mechanism 1a is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a, thereby determining the position parameters of the first movable part 4a during its movement stroke.

[0087] Similarly, the magnetic grating 11 of the second position detection mechanism 1b is a second magnetic grating 11b, which is located in the second movable part 4b. The multiple tunneling magnetoresistive sensors of the second position detection mechanism 1b are a second set of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors, which are used to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b, thereby determining the position parameters of the second movable part 4b during its movement.

[0088] In this scheme, the number of position detection mechanisms 1 can be set according to the number of active parts 4. The detection principle of each position detection mechanism 1 and the setting of TMR sensor 12 are similar to those in the above embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0089] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of a camera assembly in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 12, in a further embodiment, the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b are arranged along a first direction, and the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b are arranged adjacent to each other. The first set of TMR sensors of the first position detection mechanism 1a includes a third TMR sensor 14 and a shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor 13, and the second set of TMR sensors of the second position detection mechanism 1b includes the shared TMR sensor 13 and a fourth TMR sensor 15. In a specific embodiment, the third TMR sensor 14, the shared TMR sensor 13, and the fourth TMR sensor 15 are used to relay the detection of the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a, thereby determining the position parameters of the first movable part 4a. The shared TMR sensor 13 and the fourth TMR sensor 15 are used to relay the detection of the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b, thereby determining the position parameters of the second movable part 4b. That is, the shared TMR sensor 13 is a TMR sensor shared by the first position detection mechanism 1a and the second position detection mechanism 1b.

[0090] In a specific embodiment, the shared TMR sensor 13 is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a in the first time period and to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b in the second time period. The first and second time periods do not overlap. In this scheme, the shared TMR sensor 13 can be reused, thereby reducing the number of TMR sensors 12 included in the camera assembly, which helps to reduce the cost of the camera assembly. It also reduces the space occupied by the TMR sensors 12, which helps to improve the miniaturization of the camera assembly.

[0091] In a specific embodiment, the shared TMR sensor 13 detects the position parameters of the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b in a time-division manner. For example, the first time period is the period when the first movable part 4a moves while the second movable part 4b stops, and the second time period is the period when the second movable part 4b moves while the first movable part 4a stops. When the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b move simultaneously, the shared TMR sensor 13 is not used to detect the position parameters of either the first movable part 4a or the second movable part 4b. For example, when the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b move simultaneously, the MCU 470 can avoid processing the magnetic field strength detected by the shared TMR sensor 13.

[0092] Specifically, the MCU470 stores a mapping relationship between the position parameters of the first active part 4a and the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by the shared TMR sensor 13, and also stores a mapping relationship between the position parameters of the second active part 4b and the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by the shared TMR sensor 13. That is, the shared TMR stores two sets of mapping relationships, and the MCU470 uses the corresponding mapping relationship to determine the position parameters of the currently detected active part based on the current situation.

[0093] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the movable part of the camera assembly in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 13, the figure illustrates a scenario where the first movable part 4a moves while the second movable part 4b stops. Specifically, the lower part of the figure shows the position of the first movable part 4a after it has moved. During the first time period, the MCU 470 detects that the first movable part 4a has moved while the second movable part 4b has stopped. Based on the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by the third TMR sensor 14 of the first position detection mechanism 1a and the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by the shared TMR sensor 13, the position parameters of the first movable part 4a are determined. Specifically, the third TMR sensor 14 can be considered equivalent to the first TMR sensor 12a in the aforementioned embodiment, and the shared TMR sensor 14 is equivalent to the second TMR sensor 12b in the aforementioned embodiment. When the first movable part 4a is located in the first section, the position parameters of the first movable part 4a are determined by using the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by the third TMR sensor 12a. At this time, the MCU 470 calls the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the first movable part 4a and the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by the third TMR sensor 14 to detect the position parameters of the first movable part 4a. When the first movable part 4a is located in the second section, the position parameters of the first movable part 4a are determined by using the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by the shared TMR sensor 13. At this time, the MCU 470 calls the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the first movable part 4a and the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by the shared TMR sensor 13 to detect the position parameters of the first movable part 4a.

[0094] Understandably, when the first position detection mechanism 1a includes a large number of TMR sensors, the position parameters of the first movable part 4a are determined by utilizing the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by all the TMR sensors included in the first position detection mechanism 1a. All the TMR sensors included in the first position detection mechanism 1a include the aforementioned shared TMR sensor 13.

[0095] Furthermore, since the MCU470 stores the mapping relationship between the position parameters of each moving part and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the corresponding TMR sensor, the MCU470 determines the position parameters of the moving part based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the TMR sensor. This means that the MCU calls the corresponding mapping relationship. Specifically, the signal received by the MCU from the TMR sensor can be the magnetic field strength, or it can be the calibration parameters corresponding to the magnetic field strength, etc. In other words, the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the moving part can be the magnetic field strength, or it can be the calibration parameters obtained by the TMR sensor based on the magnetic field strength.

[0096] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the movable part of the camera component in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 14, the figure illustrates a scenario where the second movable part 4b moves while the first movable part 4a stops. Specifically, the lower part of the figure shows the position of the second movable part 4b after it moves. During the second time period, the MCU470 detects that the second movable part 4b moves while the first movable part 4a stops. Based on the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by the shared TMR sensor 13 and the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by the fourth TMR sensor 15, the MCU470 determines the position parameters of the second movable part 4b. Specifically, the shared TMR sensor 13 can be considered equivalent to the first TMR sensor 12a in the aforementioned embodiment, and the fourth TMR sensor 15 is equivalent to the second TMR sensor 12b in the aforementioned embodiment. When the second movable part 4b is located in the first segment, the position parameters of the second movable part 4b are determined using the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by the shared TMR sensor 13. At this time, the MCU470 calls the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the second movable part 4b and the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by the shared TMR sensor 13 to detect the position parameters of the second movable part 4b. When the first active part 4a is located in the second section, the position parameters of the second active part 4b are determined by the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by the fourth TMR sensor 15. At this time, the MCU470 calls the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the second active part 4b and the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by the fourth TMR sensor 15 to detect the position parameters of the second active part 4b.

[0097] Understandably, when the second position detection mechanism 1b includes a large number of TMR sensors, the position parameters of the second movable part 4b are determined by utilizing the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by all the TMR sensors included in the second position detection mechanism 1b. All the TMR sensors included in the second position detection mechanism 1b include the aforementioned shared TMR sensor 13.

[0098] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the movable part of the camera component in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 15, the figure illustrates a scenario where the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b move simultaneously. Specifically, the lower part of the figure shows the position of the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b after they have moved. In this stage, when the MCU470 detects that the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b are moving simultaneously, it can be understood that the first and second movable parts are relatively fixed. Determining the position parameter of one of the two movable parts allows the determination of the position parameter of the other. Alternatively, in some scenarios, it is only necessary to determine the position parameter of either the first or the second movable part. Therefore, the MCU470 does not use the shared TMR sensor 13 to determine the position parameter of either the first movable part 4a or the second movable part 4b. The MCU470 can determine the position parameters of the first movable part 4a solely based on the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by the third TMR sensor 14 of the first position detection mechanism 1a. It is understood that when the first position detection mechanism 1a includes a large number of TMR sensors, the position parameters of the first movable part 4a are determined by utilizing the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating 11a detected by all TMR sensors in the first position detection mechanism 1a except for the shared TMR sensor 13. Since the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b are relatively fixed, the position parameters of the second movable part 4b can then be determined. Alternatively, the MCU470 can determine the position parameters of the second movable part 4b solely based on the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by the fourth TMR sensor 15 of the second position detection mechanism 1b. It is understood that when the second position detection mechanism 1b includes a large number of TMR sensors, the position parameters of the second movable part 4b are determined by utilizing the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating 11b detected by all TMR sensors in the second position detection mechanism 1b except for the shared TMR sensor 13. Since the first movable part 4a and the second movable part 4b are relatively fixed, the position parameters of the first movable part 4a can be determined.

[0099] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A camera assembly, characterized in that, It includes a position detection mechanism, a drive mechanism, a fixed part, and a movable part. The drive mechanism is connected to the movable part and is used to drive the movable part to move relative to the fixed part along a first direction. The position detection mechanism includes a magnetic grating and multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors. The magnetic grating is fixedly installed on the movable part, and the multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors are fixedly installed on the fixed part. The plurality of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors include a first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and a second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, which are arranged along the first direction; the moving stroke of the movable part includes a first segment and a second segment along the first direction; When the active part is located in the first section, the position parameters of the active part are determined by detecting the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating using the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. When the movable part is located in the second section, the position parameters of the movable part are determined by using the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor to detect the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating.

2. The camera assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection areas of the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor partially overlap.

3. The camera assembly as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The number N of the plurality of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors in the position detection mechanism satisfies: N = Floor(S / (L-1mm)), where S / (L-1mm) is a non-integer; or, N = S / (L-1mm)-1, where S / (L-1mm) is an integer; Where Floor is the floor function, S is the travel distance of the magnetic grating, and L is the length of the magnetic grating. The units of travel distance S and length L are both mm.

4. The camera assembly as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The number N of the plurality of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors in the position detection mechanism satisfies: N = Floor(S / (L-1mm)) + 1, where S / (L-1mm) is a non-integer; or, N = S / (L-1mm), where S / (L-1mm) is an integer; Where Floor is the floor function, S is the travel distance of the magnetic grating, and L is the length of the magnetic grating. The units of travel distance S and length L are both mm.

5. The camera assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The moving part of the camera assembly includes a first moving part and a second moving part, and the position detection mechanism includes a first position detection mechanism and a second position detection mechanism; The magnetic grating of the first position detection mechanism is a first magnetic grating, and the multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors of the first position detection mechanism are a first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors; the first magnetic grating is located in the first movable part, and the first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating; The magnetic grating of the second position detection mechanism is a second magnetic grating, and the multiple tunnel magnetoresistive sensors of the second position detection mechanism are a second set of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors; the second magnetic grating is located in the second movable part, and the second set of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating.

6. The camera assembly as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors includes a third tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and a common tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; the second group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors includes the common tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and a fourth tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. The shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating in a first time period and to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating in a second time period. The first time period and the second time period do not overlap.

7. The camera assembly as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The first time period is the period during which the first movable part moves and the second movable part stops, and the second time period is the period during which the second movable part moves and the first movable part stops.

8. The camera assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It also includes a microcontroller unit, which is electrically connected to the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor of the position detection mechanism, respectively; The microcontroller unit stores the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the movable part and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, and also stores the mapping relationship between the position parameters of the movable part and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. The microcontroller unit is used to determine the position parameters of the moving part based on the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the first tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic field strength of the magnetic grating detected by the second tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.

9. The camera assembly as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The microcontroller unit is also electrically connected to the drive mechanism, and the microcontroller unit is used to control the drive mechanism to drive the movable part to move or stop according to the position parameters of the movable part.

10. The camera assembly as claimed in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The moving part of the camera assembly includes a first moving part and a second moving part, and the position detection mechanism includes a first position detection mechanism and a second position detection mechanism; The magnetic grating of the first position detection mechanism is a first magnetic grating, and the multiple tunneling magnetoresistive sensors of the first position detection mechanism form a first group of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors; the first magnetic grating is located in the first movable part, and the first group of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating; the magnetic grating of the second position detection mechanism is a second magnetic grating, and the multiple tunneling magnetoresistive sensors of the second position detection mechanism form a second group of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors; the second magnetic grating is located in the second movable part, and the second group of tunneling magnetoresistive sensors is used to detect the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating; The first group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors includes a third tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and a common tunnel magnetoresistive sensor; the second group of tunnel magnetoresistive sensors includes the common tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and a fourth tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. The microcontroller unit stores a mapping relationship between the position parameters of the first active part and the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating detected by the common tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, and stores a mapping relationship between the position parameters of the second active part and the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating detected by the common tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. When the microcontroller detects that the first movable part has moved while the second movable part has stopped, it determines the position parameters of the first movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating detected by the third tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating detected by the common tunnel magnetoresistive sensor. When the microcontroller detects that the second moving part has moved while the first moving part has stopped, it determines the position parameters of the second moving part based on the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating detected by the shared tunnel magnetoresistive sensor and the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating detected by the fourth tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.

11. The camera assembly as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, When the microcontroller detects that the first movable part and the second movable part move simultaneously, it determines the position parameters of the first movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the first magnetic grating detected by the third tunnel magnetoresistive sensor, or determines the position parameters of the second movable part based on the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic grating detected by the fourth tunnel magnetoresistive sensor.

12. The camera assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The camera component is a motor.

13. The camera assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The camera assembly also includes a zoom lens group, which is fixed to the movable part.

14. A terminal device, characterized in that, It includes a housing and a camera assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the camera assembly is mounted on the housing.

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