Determination of CSI feedback
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/071732
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-22
Smart Images

Figure CN2026071732_22102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DETERMINATION OF CSI FEEDBACKTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to a determination of channel state information (CSI) feedback.BACKGROUND
[0002] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, such as base stations (BSs) , which may be otherwise known as an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. Each network communication devices, such as a base station may support wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) , or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) . Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G) ) .
[0003] With the development of communication, artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML) CSI compression has been studied for the purpose of improving the feedback performance of CSI feedback. In the legacy CSI report, the precoding matrix is compressed and reported based on a predesigned codebook, e.g., Type II codebook or eType II codebook. However, regarding the CSI feedback, there are still some issues to be addressed.SUMMARY
[0004] The present disclosure relates to methods, apparatuses, and systems that support a determination of CSI feedback.
[0005] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein include, determining a target channel state information (CSI) for CSI feedback, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed; generating the CSI feedback based on the target CSI; and transmitting, via the transceiver to a base station, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback.
[0006] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the target CSI may comprise one of a channel matrix or a precoding matrix.
[0007] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the target CSI may comprise the channel matrix, some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include generating the CSI feedback by: determining a payload size of the CSI feedback; and generating the CSI feedback based on the payload size.
[0008] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the payload size by one of the following: determining the payload size based on a rank value; determining the payload size based on a payload indication carried by a pairing identity (ID) in a CSI report configuration; or determining the payload size based on a predefined codebook.
[0009] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the predefined codebook may comprise at least one of the following: a dimension of a float number; a dimension of a float number and a number of bits per scalar for scalar quantization; or a dimension of a float number, a length of a vector segment, and a number of bits per segment for vector quantization.
[0010] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the target CSI by one of the following: determining the target CSI based on a rank value and a predefined rank threshold; determining the target CSI based on channel state and at least one channel requirement; or determining the target CSI based on an indication of the target CSI from the base station.
[0011] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the indication of the target CSI may be carried by a CSI report configuration.
[0012] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the target CSI based on the rank value and the predefined rank threshold by: determining the channel matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is greater than the predefined rank threshold; and determining the precoding matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is less than the predefined rank threshold.
[0013] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the target CSI based on the channel state and the at least one channel requirement, and the CSI report further comprises an indication of the target CSI.
[0014] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting, to the base station, one of the following for data collection: a hybrid dataset comprising at least one precoding matrix and at least one channel matrix, and an indication of the target CSI indicating whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a channel matrix; or a unified dataset comprising at least one channel matrix.
[0015] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving, from the base station, an indication of the target CSI , wherein the indication of the target CSI is carried by one of the following: a pairing ID; additional information; or a dataset comprising the target CSI and the CSI feedback.
[0016] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the additional information may further comprise performance target, and the performance target comprises at least one of the following: a squared generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) for a precoding matrix; or a normalized mean square error (NMSE) for a channel matrix.
[0017] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein include, receiving, via the transceiver from a user equipment (UE) , a channel state information (CSI) report comprising CSI feedback corresponding to target CSI, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be recovered; and recovering CSI based on the CSI report.
[0018] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the target CSI may comprise one of a channel matrix or a precoding matrix.
[0019] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the target CSI for CSI feedback based on one of the following: a rank value indicated in the CSI report and a predefined rank threshold; an indication of the target CSI indicated in the CSI report; or channel state and at least one channel requirement.
[0020] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the target CSI in a CSI report configuration.
[0021] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the target CSI based on the rank value and the predefined rank threshold by: determining the channel matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is greater than the predefined rank threshold; and determining the precoding matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is less than the predefined rank threshold.
[0022] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the target CSI may comprise the channel matrix, and the processor is configured to recover the CSI by: determining a payload size of the CSI feedback; and recovering the CSI based on the payload size.
[0023] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include determining the payload size by one of the following: determining the payload size based on a rank value; or determining the payload size based on a predefined codebook.
[0024] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the predefined codebook may comprise at least one of the following: a dimension of a float number; a dimension of a float number and a number of bits per scalar for scalar quantization; or a dimension of a float number, a length of a vector segment, and a number of bits per segment for vector quantization.
[0025] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting, to the UE, a payload indication comprising the payload size via a pairing identity (ID) in a CSI report configuration.
[0026] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include receiving, from the UE, one of the following for data collection: a hybrid dataset comprising at least one precoding matrix and at least one channel matrix, and an indication of the target CSI indicating whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a channel matrix; or a unified dataset comprising at least one channel matrix.
[0027] Some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the target CSI , wherein the indication of the target CSI is carried by one of the following: a pairing ID; additional information; or a dataset comprising the target CSI and the CSI feedback.
[0028] In some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein, the additional information may further comprise performance target, and the performance target comprises at least one of the following: a squared generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) for a precoding matrix; or a normalized mean square error (NMSE) for a channel matrix.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports a determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0030] FIG. 2 illustrates an example signaling chart illustrating an example process that supports a determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a device that supports a determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0032] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a processor that supports a determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0033] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a UE that supports a determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0034] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a netword device that supports a determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.
[0035] Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] Principles of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to some embodiments. It is to be understood that these embodiments are described only for the purpose of illustration and help those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure, without suggesting any limitation as to the scope of the disclosure. The disclosure described herein may be implemented in various manners other than the ones described below.
[0037] In the following description and claims, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skills in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
[0038] References in the present disclosure to “one embodiment, ” “an example embodiment, ” “an embodiment, ” “some embodiments, ” and the like indicate that the embodiment (s) described may include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic, but it is not necessary that every embodiment includes the particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Moreover, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment (s) . Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the knowledge of one skilled in the art to affect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments whether or not explicitly described.
[0039] It shall be understood that although the terms “first” and “second” or the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could also be termed as a second element, and similarly, a second element could also be termed as a first element, without departing from the scope of embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.
[0040] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” , “comprising” , “has” , “having” , “includes” and / or “including” , when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, elements, and / or components etc., but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components and / or combinations thereof.
[0041] As used herein, the term “communication network” refers to a network following any suitable communication standards, such as, 5G new radio (NR) , Long Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) , Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) , High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) , Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) , and so on. Further, the communications between a user equipment and a network device in the communication network may be performed according to any suitable generation communication protocols, including but not limited to, the first generation (1G) , the second generation (2G) , 2.5G, 2.75G, the third generation (3G) , the fourth generation (4G) , 4.5G, the fifth generation (5G) communication protocols, and / or any other protocols either currently known or to be developed in the future. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied in various communication systems. Given the rapid development in communications, there will also be future type communication technologies and systems in which the present disclosure may be embodied. It should not be seen as limiting the scope of the present disclosure to only the aforementioned systems.
[0042] As used herein, the term “network device” generally refers to a node in a communication network via which a user equipment can access the communication network and receive services therefrom. The network device may refer to a base station (BS) or an access point (AP) , for example, a node B (NodeB or NB) , a radio access network (RAN) node, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB) , a NR NB (also referred to as a gNB) , a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) , a radio header (RH) , an infrastructure device for a V2X (vehicle-to-everything) communication, a transmission and reception point (TRP) , a reception point (RP) , a remote radio head (RRH) , a relay, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a low power node such as a femto a base station (BS) , a pico BS, and so forth, depending on the applied terminology and technology. The network device may further refer to a network function (NF) in the core network, for example, a session management function (SMF) , a mobility management functions (AMF) , a policy control function (PCF) , a user plane function (UPF) or devices with same function in future network architectures, and so forth.
[0043] As used herein, the term “UE” generally refers to any end device that may be capable of wireless communications. By way of example rather than a limitation, a user equipment may also be referred to as a communication device, a terminal device, an end user device, a subscriber station (SS) , an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) , a portable subscriber station, a mobile station (MS) , or an access terminal (AT) . The user equipment may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a tablet, a wearable user equipment, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a portable computer, a desktop computer, an image capture user equipment such as a digital camera, a gaming user equipment, a music storage and playback appliance, a vehicle-mounted wireless user equipment, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, laptop-embedded equipment (LEE) , laptop-mounted equipment (LME) , a USB dongle, a smart device, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE) , an Internet of Things (loT) device, a watch or other wearable, a head-mounted display (HMD) , a vehicle, a drone, a medical device (for example, a remote surgery device) , an industrial device (for example, a robot and / or other wireless devices operating in an industrial and / or an automated processing chain contexts) , a consumer electronics device, a device operating on commercial and / or industrial wireless networks, and the like. In the following description, the terms: “user equipment, ” “communication device, ” “terminal, ” “user equipment” and “UE, ” may be used interchangeably.
[0044] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 that supports determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more network entities 102 (also referred to as network equipment) , one or more UEs 104, a core network 106, and a packet data network 108. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 5G network, such as an NR network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA) , frequency division multiple access (FDMA) , or code division multiple access (CDMA) , etc.
[0045] The one or more network entities 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the network entities 102 described herein may be or include or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a radio access network (RAN) , a base transceiver station, an access point, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB) , a next-generation NodeB (gNB) , or other suitable terminology. A network entity 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link 110, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.
[0046] A network entity 102 may provide a geographic coverage area 112 for which the network entity 102 may support services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area 112. For example, a network entity 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc. ) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a non-terrestrial network. In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas 112 associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas 112 may be associated with different network entities 102. Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0047] The one or more UEs 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a remote unit, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) device, an Internet-of-Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples. In some implementations, a UE 104 may be stationary in the wireless communications system 100. In some other implementations, a UE 104 may be mobile in the wireless communications system 100.
[0048] The one or more UEs 104 may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some examples of UEs 104 are illustrated in FIG. 1. A UE 104 may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as the network entities 102, other UEs 104, or network equipment (e.g., the core network 106, the packet data network 108, a relay device, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, or another network equipment) , as shown in FIG. 1. Additionally, or alternatively, a UE 104 may support communication with other network entities 102 or UEs 104, which may act as relays in the wireless communications system 100.
[0049] A UE 104 may also be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link 114. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link 114 may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.
[0050] A network entity 102 may support communications with the core network 106, or with another network entity 102, or both. For example, a network entity 102 may interface with the core network 106 through one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or another network interface) . The network entities 102 may communicate with each other over the backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or another network interface) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., between the network entities 102) . In some other implementations, the network entities 102 may communicate with each other or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 106) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC) . An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs) .
[0051] In some implementations, a network entity 102 may be configured in a disaggregated architecture, which may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed among two or more network entities 102, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance) , or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN) ) . For example, a network entity 102 may include one or more of a central unit (CU) , a distributed unit (DU) , a radio unit (RU) , a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) (e.g., a Near-Real Time RIC (Near-RT RIC) , a Non-Real Time RIC (Non-RT RIC) ) , a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) system, or any combination thereof.
[0052] An RU may also be referred to as a radio head, a smart radio head, a remote radio head (RRH) , a remote radio unit (RRU) , or a transmission reception point (TRP) . One or more components of the network entities 102 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entities 102 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations) . In some implementations, one or more network entities 102 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU) , a virtual DU (VDU) , a virtual RU (VRU) ) .
[0053] Split of functionality between a CU, a DU, and an RU may be flexible and may support different functionalities depending upon which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, radio frequency functions, and any combinations thereof) are performed at a CU, a DU, or an RU. For example, a functional split of a protocol stack may be employed between a CU and a DU such that the CU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some implementations, the CU may host upper protocol layer (e.g., a layer 3 (L3) , a layer 2 (L2) ) functionality and signaling (e.g., RRC, service data adaption protocol (SDAP) , Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) ) . The CU may be connected to one or more DUs or RUs, and the one or more DUs or RUs may host lower protocol layers, such as a layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or an L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and may each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160.
[0054] Additionally, or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack may be employed between a DU and an RU such that the DU may support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU may support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU may support one or multiple different cells (e.g., via one or more RUs) . In some implementations, a functional split between a CU and a DU, or between a DU and an RU may be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions for a protocol layer may be performed by one of a CU, a DU, or an RU, while other functions of the protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU, the DU, or the RU) .
[0055] A CU may be functionally split further into CU control plane (CU-CP) and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. A CU may be connected to one or more DUs via a midhaul communication link (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u) , and a DU may be connected to one or more RUs via a fronthaul communication link (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface) . In some implementations, a midhaul communication link or a fronthaul communication link may be implemented in accordance with an interface (e.g., a channel) between layers of a protocol stack supported by respective network entities 102 that are in communication via such communication links.
[0056] The core network 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) , or a 5G core (5GC) , which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME) , an access and mobility management functions (AMF) ) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW) , a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW) , or a user plane function (UPF) ) . In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as registration management, mobility management, connection management, access authentication / authorization, etc. ) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more network entities 102 associated with the core network 106.
[0057] The core network 106 may communicate with the packet data network 108 over one or more backhaul links 116 (e.g., via an N6, or another network interface) . The packet data network 108 may include an application server 118. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server 118. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a PDU session, or the like) with the core network 106 via a network entity 102. The core network 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server 118 using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session) . The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the core network 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the core network 106) .
[0058] In the wireless communications system 100, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers) ) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures) . The network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.
[0059] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., μ=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., μ=1) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., μ=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., μ=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.
[0060] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames) . Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.
[0061] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., μ=0, μ=1, μ=2, μ=3, μ=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDM symbols) . In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing) , a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.
[0062] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) , FR2 (24.25 GHz –52.6 GHz) , FR3 (7.125 GHz –24.25 GHz) , FR4 (52.6 GHz –114.25 GHz) , FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz –71 GHz) , and FR5 (114.25 GHz –300 GHz) . In some implementations, the network entities 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data) . In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the network entities 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.
[0063] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies) . For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., μ=0) , which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., μ=1) , which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies) . For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., μ=2) , which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., μ=3) , which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.
[0064] With the development of communication, it has been approved for AI / ML for NR air interface enhancement. In CSI feedback, a two-sided model architecture is employed for AI / ML CSI compression. The precoding matrix / channel matrix is compressed using a UE-side encoder and the compressed result is reported to the network, then the network reconstructs the original matrix according to the report.
[0065] The selection of the target CSI type is a key focus. Utilizing the precoding matrix for feedback has the advantage of reduced overhead. However, this benefit comes at the cost of potential information loss, as the precoding matrix is a processed representation of the channel. Furthermore, the feedback overhead increases with higher transmission ranks. As an enhancement under evaluation, using the raw channel matrix as the target CSI preserves more complete channel information, which is particularly beneficial in high-rank scenarios. It is to be understood that the terms “target CSI” , “CSI type” , and “target CSI type” may be used interchangeably herein.
[0066] To dynamically optimize the trade-off between feedback overhead and reconstruction accuracy across diverse channel conditions, the payload adaptation is achieved by adjusting key parameters of the AI-based model and the quantization process. The key parameters comprise encoder output dimension (d) and quantization parameters.
[0067] The encoder output dimension controls the dimension of the compressed latent representation generated by the AI encoder before quantization. A larger d preserves more information from the original channel matrix. For scalar quantization (SQ) , the key parameter is the number of bits per scalar (Q) . For vector quantization (VQ) , the configuration involves the number of bits per segment (Q) and the length of the vector segment (L) .
[0068] Based on the above conclusion, the channel matrix may be considered as the target CSI type. Furthermore, the size of the feedback payload may be adaptively determined based on the transmission rank and channel parameters to optimize the performance overhead trade-off.
[0069] In view of the above discussions, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for the determination of CSI feedback. In one aspect of the solution of the present disclosure, a UE determines a target CSI for CSI feedback, and the target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed. The UE generates the CSI feedback based on the target CSI. Then the UE transmits, to a base station, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback.
[0070] In this way, the target CSI may be determined, and thus the performance overhead trade-off of the communications is improved. Principles and implementations of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2-6.
[0071] FIG. 2 illustrates an example signaling chart illustrating an example process that supports the determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The process 200 may involve the UE 201 and the base station 202. It would be appreciated that although the process 200 is applied in the communication environment 100 of FIG. 1, this process may be likewise applied to other communication scenarios with similar issues.
[0072] In process 200, the UE 201 determines 210 a target CSI for CSI feedback. The target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed. In some embodiments, the target CSI may comprise a channel matrix or a precoding matrix.
[0073] In other words, a target CSI is determined for the AI-based CSI compression system. In the first scheme, the channel matrix is directly applied for the CSI feedback. In the second scheme, a rank adaptive selection of target CSI is applied for the CSI feedback.
[0074] The precoding matrix is supported as the target CSI type for AI-based CSI feedback, and evaluations are ongoing to consider the raw channel matrix as a potential enhancement. Utilizing the precoding matrix as the target CSI is advantageous when the transmission rank is significantly low, as it reduces feedback overhead. However, this approach may lead to some loss of information since the precoding matrix is a processed representation derived from the original channel matrix. In contrast, the channel matrix preserves the complete channel information, capturing uncompressed characteristics such as phase, amplitude, and multi-path components. This preservation is particularly valuable in high-rank scenarios. In such conditions, the feedback overhead for compressing either the precoding matrix or the raw channel matrix becomes comparable. Employing the channel matrix in these scenarios maintains the accuracy of CSI recovery while retaining more of the original channel information.
[0075] The adaptive selection of target CSI dynamically configures the feedback strategy by selecting the most suitable target CSI type based on the number of rank or channel requirement. The core principle is to optimize the trade-off between feedback overhead and reconstruction accuracy. There are two types of target CSI considered for AI-based compression models.
[0076] In the scenario of low rank conditions, for example, the rank is significantly less than the number of receive (Rx) ports, the channel exhibits strong spatial correlation. The precoding matrix is selected as the target CSI. This approach leverages the inherent low-dimensional characteristics of the channel, allowing for a smaller payload size. This strategy significantly reduces feedback overhead while maintaining acceptable reconstruction quality.
[0077] In the scenario of high rank conditions, for example, the rank is comparable with the number of Rx ports, the channel matrix contains richer spatial information. To preserve more spatial information inherent in the higher-rank channel and ensure accurate reconstruction, the raw channel matrix is chosen as the target CSI. Employing the raw channel matrix can retain more original channel information compared to using the precoding matrix with comparable overhead.
[0078] For the adaptive selection of target CSI, there are three options to configure the target CSI type.
[0079] In the first option, the UE 201 may determine the target CSI based on a rank value and a predefined rank threshold.
[0080] Additionally, if the rank value is greater than the predefined rank threshold, the UE 201 may determine the channel matrix as the target CSI. If the rank value is less than the predefined rank threshold, the UE 201 may determine the precoding matrix as the target CSI.
[0081] In other words, the target CSI type selection may be based on a predefined rank threshold. The predefined rank threshold is configured to decide which one is used. For example, a precoding matrix is used if the rank is below the predefined rank threshold. Otherwise, a raw channel matrix is used.
[0082] In addition, the actual estimated rank may be reported along with the target CSI. For raw channel feedback, the number of Rx ports may also be indicated as part of the target CSI or be part of the UE capability on the target CSI report with the raw channel matrix. In the first option, there is no additional signalling to indicate the CSI type, which minimizes signalling overhead and processing latency.
[0083] In the second option, the UE 201 may determine the target CSI based on channel state and at least one channel requirement. In other words, the target CSI type may be dynamically determined by the UE 201. The second option provides significant flexibility for model configuration.
[0084] In an example, the UE 201 may determine the target CSI based on real-time channel information or additional requirements, e.g., performance / overhead requirement.
[0085] Additionally, if the UE 201 determines the target CSI based on channel state and at least one channel requirement, an indication of the target CSI may be included in the CSI report.
[0086] In the third option, the UE 201 may determine the target CSI based on an indication of the target CSI from the base station 202. In other words, the target CSI type may be dynamically determined by the base station 202.
[0087] On the other side of the communication, the base station 202 may determine the target CSI for CSI feedback based on channel state and at least one channel requirement.
[0088] In addition, the base station 202 may further transmit, to the UE 201, an indication of the target CSI in the CSI report configuration.
[0089] For example, the base station 202 may determine the target CSI for model inference based on a rank indicator. Then it configures the corresponding indication of the target CSI in the CSI report configuration. The IE CSI-ReportConfig is used to configure a periodic or semi-persistent report sent on the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) on the cell in which the CSI-ReportConfig is included. It may also configure a semi-persistent or aperiodic report sent on the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) triggered by downlink control information (DCI) received on the cell in which the CSI-ReportConfig is included. In this case, the cell on which the report is sent is determined by the received DCI. An exemplary structure of the IE CSI-ReportConfig is illustrated below.
[0090] In addition, the support of adaptive selection of target CSI requires additional UE complexity compared with direct channel matrix feedback because an additional SVD operation is required. The UE 201 therefore reports whether it supports this scheme in the UE capability reporting.
[0091] With continued reference to FIG. 2, the UE 201 generates 220 the CSI feedback based on the target CSI.
[0092] Alternatively or additionally, if the target CSI is the channel matrix, in order to generate the CSI feedback, the UE 201 may determine a payload size of the CSI feedback. Then the UE 201 may generate the CSI feedback based on the payload size.
[0093] In order to dynamically adjust feedback overhead, the adaptive payload configuration may be introduced. The configuration of the payload parameter may be dynamically tailored to the spatial characteristics of channel matrices.
[0094] In some embodiments, in order to determine the payload size, the UE 201 may determine the payload size based on a rank value. For instance, in the scenario of low rank conditions, e.g., the rank is significantly less than the number of Rx ports, the channel exhibits strong spatial correlation or sparsity, meaning the channel matrix contains less intrinsic information. Consequently, an aggressive compression strategy can be employed. The encoder output dimension (d) may be configured to a smaller value. In this way, the feedback payload size is reduced significantly while maintaining acceptable reconstruction quality, as the channel characteristics can be preserved with the higher compression ratio.
[0095] In the scenario of high rank conditions, e.g., the rank is comparable with the number of Rx ports, the channel matrix contains richer spatial information. To avoid irreversible information loss during compression and ensure accurate reconstruction, a larger payload size is required. The encoder output dimension (d) may be set to a larger value, which preserves the complex spatial information critical for high-performance beamforming in such scenarios, enhances overall efficiency.
[0096] In some alternative embodiments, in order to determine the payload size, the UE 201 may determine the payload size based on a payload indication carried by a pairing ID in a CSI report configuration.
[0097] For example, each encoder output dimension (d) may be mapped in a unique pairing ID. The format of the pairing ID may be different, e.g., some digits in the pairing ID indicate the encoder output dimension. In this way, the pairing ID implicitly signals the payload configuration.
[0098] During the inference stage, the base station 202 may signal the specific pairing ID to the UE 201 within the CSI report configuration.
[0099] In some alternative embodiments, in order to determine the payload size, the UE 201 may determine the payload size based on a predefined codebook. This method is based on a pre-defined codebook of payload configurations standardized for both the base station 202 and the UE 201. During both training and inference stages, the base station 202 and the UE 201 may directly derive the appropriate payload dimension from parameters in the pre-defined codebook without explicit signalling. Thus, signalling overhead is reduced and synchronized operations between the base station 202 and the UE 201 are ensured.
[0100] Additionally, the pre-defined codebook may comprise at least one of the following: a dimension of a float number; a dimension of a float number and a number of bits per scalar for scalar quantization; or a dimension of a float number, a length of a vector segment, and a number of bits per segment for vector quantization.
[0101] In the first example, the pre-defined codebook specifies a mapping relationship between encoder output dimension (d) and channel parameters, e.g., the transmission rank, the number of antenna ports, or the subband size. Table 1 illustrates an example of the predefined codebook for the encoder output dimension. Table 1: A predefined codebook for encoder output dimension
[0102] The number of transmit (Tx) ports corresponds to the number of channel state information reference signal (CSI RS) ports. The number of Rx ports is reported as part of the UE capability.
[0103] In the second example, the pre-defined codebook defines the mapping relationship between channel parameters and all payload parameters. For instance, the pre-defined codebook may comprise the encoder output dimension (d) and quantization parameters. For scalar quantization, the quantization parameters may comprise the number of bits per scalar Q. For vector quantization, the quantization parameters may comprise the length of the vector segment L and the number of bits per segment Q. Table 2 illustrates an example of the predefined codebook for all payload parameters. Table 2: a predefined codebook for all payload parameters {d, Q}
[0104] As shown in Table 2, the codebook provides all necessary payload configuration parameters based on the channel conditions. For example, for a channel with a rank value of 1, 16 Tx ports and 4 Rx ports, the dimension of the float number is 16, and the number of bits per scalar is 2.
[0105] With continued reference to FIG. 2, the UE 201 transmits 230, to the base station 202, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback 240.
[0106] After receiving 250 the CSI report comprising the CSI feedback 240, the base station 202 recovers 260 CSI based on the CSI report 240.
[0107] In some embodiments, the base station 202 may further determine the target CSI for CSI feedback based on an indication of the target CSI indicated in the CSI report 240. In other words, the target CSI is determined by the UE 201.
[0108] For instance, the UE 201 may determine the target CSI for model inference based on the determined rank number. Then it configures the corresponding indication of the target CSI in the CSI Part I of the CSI report. The UE 201 transmits the CSI report based on the CSI report configuration. The CSI report comprises two parts. In legacy schemes, CSI part I typically includes information such as a rank indicator (RI) , a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI) , and a channel quality indicator (CQI) . In this embodiment, if the target CSI type is determined by the UE 201, then CSI part I includes a target CSI type indicator, which indicates the compressed CSI type for the second part (i.e., CSI Part 2) . Table 3 illustrates the example content of CSI Part I. Table 3: Example content of CSI part I.
[0109] In some alternative embodiments, the base station 202 may further determine the target CSI for CSI feedback based on a rank value indicated in the CSI report and a predefined rank threshold.
[0110] Alternatively or additionally, if the rank value is greater than the predefined rank threshold, the base station 202 may determine the channel matrix as the target CSI. If the rank value is less than the predefined rank threshold, the base station 202 may determine the precoding matrix as the target CSI.
[0111] In this way, the target CSI type is determined automatically based on the predefined rank threshold. The UE 201 selects the CSI type according to its estimated rank value. Correspondingly, the base station 202 directly determines the CSI type from the rank indicator provided by the UE, eliminating the need for an explicit CSI type indicator.
[0112] It is to be understood that the base station 202 may determine the target CSI at any suitable point in process 200, e.g., before transmitting the CSI report configuration or after receiving the CSI report. The base station 202 may also determine the target CSI at any suitable stage in life cycle management (LCM) of the AI / ML model for CSI compression, e.g., data collection, model training, or inference.
[0113] In some alternative embodiments, the first scheme, i.e., the channel matrix may be directly applied for the CSI feedback, and the base station 202 may determine the channel matrix as the target CSI. In order to recover the CSI, the base station 202 may determine a payload size of the CSI feedback. Then the base station 202 may recover the CSI based on the payload size.
[0114] Alternatively or additionally, , in order to determine the payload size, the base station 202 may determine the payload size based on a rank value.
[0115] It is to be understood that the base station 202 may determine the payload size at any suitable point in process 200. The base station 202 may also determine the payload size at any suitable stage in LCM of the AI / ML model for CSI compression.
[0116] In addition, the base station 202 may further transmit, to the UE 201, a payload indication comprising the payload size via a pairing ID in the CSI report configuration.
[0117] In some alternative embodiments, in order to determine the payload size, the base station 202 may determine the payload size based on a predefined codebook.
[0118] For the data collection of the AI / ML model for CSI compression, there may be two options. In the first option, the UE 201 may further transmit a hybrid dataset for data collection to the base station 202. The hybrid dataset may comprise at least one precoding matrix and at least one channel matrix, and an indication of the target CSI indicating whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a channel matrix.
[0119] In an example, a dataset may comprise both a precoding matrix and a raw channel matrix, and the target CSI type is dynamically selected based on the transmission rank relative to a predefined threshold. The precoding matrix below the predefined threshold and the channel matrix are transmitted for data collection. In this case, the indication of the target CSI is transmitted to indicate the dataset. The indication explicitly identifies whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a raw channel matrix.
[0120] Correspondingly, the base station 202 may further receive, from the UE 201, the hybrid dataset comprising at least one precoding matrix and at least one channel matrix, and an indication of the target CSI indicating whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a channel matrix.
[0121] In an example, the base station 202 may collect the dataset using the RRC message framework. The base station 202 may configure the UE 201 to log a hybrid dataset with the indication of the target CSI. The UE 201 may start measuring and logging the CSI result in a dedicated RRC UE variable, e.g., loggedTargetCSI. Upon a certain condition, e.g., the UE memory is full, the UE 201 may indicate to the base station 202 that there is logged target CSI available in the UE memory, e.g., via a UE assistance information (UAI) message. The base station 202 may then request the logged target CSI from the UE 201, e.g., via a UEInformationRequest message. Correspondingly, the UE 201 may generate a UEInformationResponse message containing the logged target CSI result, and transmit it to the base station 202.
[0122] In this way, both the UE 201 and the base station 202 may directly utilize this pre-processed and labeled data for model training, without additional preprocessing, making it adaptable to varying channel conditions.
[0123] In the second option, the UE 201 may transmit, to the base station 202, a unified dataset comprising at least one channel matrix for data collection. Correspondingly, the base station 202 may receive, from the UE 201, the unified dataset comprising at least one channel matrix.
[0124] The second option simplifies the data collection by relying exclusively on the channel matrix, eliminating the need for the explicit indication of the CSI type during the collection phase. The dataset consists of the raw channel matrix, thereby preserving the full spatial and temporal characteristics of the channel. Before model training, both the UE 201 and the base station 202 may process the raw channel data, deriving the relevant precoding matrix from the channel data based on rank information.
[0125] Alternatively or additionally, the base station 202 may further transmit, to the UE 201, an indication of the target CSI. The indication of the target CSI may be carried by a pairing ID, additional information, or a dataset comprising the target CSI and the CSI feedback. Correspondingly, the UE 201 may further receive the indication of the target CSI from the base station 202.
[0126] During the model training stage, there may be different ways to transfer the indication of the target CSI between the UE 201 and the base station 202. In sub-option 3a-1 of Direction A, the target CSI type can be configured in pairing ID or explicitly in additional information. In sub-option 4-1 of Direction A, the target CSI type may be exchanged with the dataset.
[0127] For sub-option 3a-1 of Direction A, the standardized encoder model structure is specified, and the model parameters will be exchanged from the base station 202 to the UE 201. Based on the rank value, the base station 202 selects a target CSI type and trains the corresponding encoder-decoder pairs. The indication of target CSI type can be associated with a pairing ID or configured in additional information. Besides, different target CSI types have different performance requirements. The performance target may also be specified in additional information.
[0128] Subsequently, the UE 201 trains an encoder based on the standardized encoder model structure and exchanged parameters. The pairing ID and additional information may be transmitted from the base station 202 to the UE 201. In an example, the additional information may comprise the performance target, the target CSI type, and the information related to collecting the dataset.
[0129] For sub-option 4-1 of Direction A, the standardized dataset format is specified, and the dataset may be exchanged from the base station 202 to the UE 201. Based on the rank value, the base station 202 selects a target CSI type and trains the corresponding encoder-decoder pairs. The indication of target CSI type may be configured with an exchanged dataset, and the performance target may be specified in additional information. Then the UE 201 trains an encoder using the exchanged dataset. The dataset and the additional information may be transmitted from the base station 202 to the UE 201. The dataset may comprise the CSI feedback with the target CSI type and format. The additional information may comprise the performance target.
[0130] Additionally, the additional information may further comprise a performance target. The performance target may comprise a squared generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) for a precoding matrix, a normalized mean square error (NMSE) for a channel matrix, or a combination of the above two items.
[0131] With process 200, a method for configuring the target CSI and feedback payload size in AI-based CSI compression systems is introduced. The critical trade-off between feedback overhead and reconstruction accuracy across varying channel conditions is optimized, with a specific focus on the transmission rank. The method includes a channel matrix as target CSI and adaptive selection of target CSI type
[0132] The scheme of channel matrix as target CSI employs the channel matrix as the target CSI for AI-based compression and feedback, preserving the most complete channel information. It supports an adaptive payload size configuration and corresponding payload indication to dynamically adjust feedback overhead based on transmission rank.
[0133] The scheme of adaptive selection of target CSI dynamically selects the target CSI type based on the estimated rank value against a predefined threshold. Signaling indications between the base station 202 and the UE 201 are utilized to synchronize the selected target CSI type.
[0134] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of 3 that supports the determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device 300 may be an example of a network entity 102 or a UE 104 as described herein. The device 300 may support wireless communication with one or more network entities 102, UEs 104, or any combination thereof. The device 300 may include components for bi-directional communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a processor 302, a memory 304, a transceiver 306, and, optionally, an I / O controller 308. These components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0135] The processor 302, the memory 304, the transceiver 306, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. For example, the processor 302, the memory 304, the transceiver 306, or various combinations or components thereof may support a method for performing one or more of the operations described herein.
[0136] In some implementations, the processor 302, the memory 304, the transceiver 306, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communications management circuitry) . The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure. In some implementations, the processor 302 and the memory 304 coupled with the processor 302 may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 302, instructions stored in the memory 304) .
[0137] For example, the processor 302 may support wireless communication at the device 300 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 302 may be configured to operable to support a means for determining a target CSI for CSI feedback, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed; means for generating the CSI feedback based on the target CSI; and means for transmitting, via the transceiver to a base station, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback.
[0138] For example, the processor 302 may support wireless communication at the device 300 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 302 may be configured to operable to support a means for receiving, via the transceiver from a user equipment (UE) , a CSI report comprising CSI feedback corresponding to target CSI, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be recovered; and means for recovering CSI based on the CSI report.
[0139] The processor 302 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof) . In some implementations, the processor 302 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other implementations, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor 302. The processor 302 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 304) to cause the device 300 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.
[0140] The memory 304 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM) . The memory 304 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 302 cause the device 300 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some implementations, the code may not be directly executable by the processor 302 but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. In some implementations, the memory 304 may include, among other things, a basic I / O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices.
[0141] The I / O controller 308 may manage input and output signals for the device 300. The I / O controller 308 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device 300. In some implementations, the I / O controller 308 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some implementations, the I / O controller 308 may utilize an operating system such as or another known operating system. In some implementations, the I / O controller 308 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 302. In some implementations, a user may interact with the device 300 via the I / O controller 308 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 308.
[0142] In some implementations, the device 300 may include a single antenna 310. However, in some other implementations, the device 300 may have more than one antenna 310 (i.e., multiple antennas) , including multiple antenna panels or antenna arrays, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. The transceiver 306 may communicate bi-directionally, via the one or more antennas 310, wired, or wireless links as described herein. For example, the transceiver 306 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver 306 may also include a modem to modulate the packets, to provide the modulated packets to one or more antennas 310 for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the one or more antennas 310. The transceiver 306 may include one or more transmit chains, one or more receive chains, or a combination thereof.
[0143] A transmit chain may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) . The transmit chain may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM) , frequency modulation (FM) , or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) . The transmit chain may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmit chain may also include one or more antennas 310 for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.
[0144] A receive chain may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receive chain may include one or more antennas 310 for receive the signal over the air or wireless medium. The receive chain may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA) ) configured to amplify the received signal. The receive chain may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receive chain may include at least one decoder for decoding the processing the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.
[0145] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a processor 400 that supports determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 400 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 400 may include a controller 402 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 400 may optionally include at least one memory 404. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 400 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 406. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses) .
[0146] The processor 400 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , dynamic RAM (DRAM) , synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetic RAM (MRAM) , resistive RAM (RRAM) , flash memory, phase change memory (PCM) , and others) .
[0147] The controller 402 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 400 to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 402 may operate as a control unit of the processor 400, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 400. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.
[0148] The controller 402 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 404 and determine subsequent instruction (s) to be executed to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 402 may be configured to track memory address of instructions associated with the memory 404. The controller 402 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 402 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 400 to cause the processor 400 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 402 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 400. The controller 402 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs) , and other functional units of the processor 400.
[0149] The memory 404 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 400 or other memory, such RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementation, the memory 404 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 400) . In some other implementations, the memory 404 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 400) .
[0150] The memory 404 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 400, cause the processor 400 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 402 and / or the processor 400 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 404 to cause the processor 400 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting transmit power prioritization ) . For example, the processor 400 and / or the controller 402 may be coupled with or to the memory 404, the processor 400, the controller 402, and the memory 404 may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 400 may include multiple processors and the memory 404 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.
[0151] The one or more ALUs 406 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementation, the one or more ALUs 406 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400) . In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 406 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 400) . One or more ALUs 406 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 406 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or more ALUs 406 be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 406 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR) , not-OR (NOR) , and not-AND (NAND) , enabling the one or more ALUs 406 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.
[0152] The processor 400 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 402 may be configured to or operable to support a means for determining a target CSI for CSI feedback, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed; means for generating the CSI feedback based on the target CSI; and means for transmitting, to a base station, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback.
[0153] The processor 402 may also be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving, from a user equipment (UE) , a CSI report comprising CSI feedback corresponding to target CSI, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be recovered; and means for recovering CSI based on the CSI report.
[0154] FIG. 5 illustrates a flowchart of a method 500 that supports the determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 500 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 500 may be performed by a UE 104 as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0155] At 505, the method may include determining a target CSI for CSI feedback, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed. The operations of 505 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 505 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0156] At 510, the method may include generating the CSI feedback based on the target CSI. The operations of 510 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 510 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0157] At 515, the method may include transmitting, to a base station, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback. The operations of 515 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 515 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0158] In some embodiments, the target CSI may comprise one of a channel matrix or a precoding matrix.
[0159] In some embodiments, the target CSI may comprise the channel matrix, some implementations of the method and apparatuses described herein may further include generating the CSI feedback by: determining a payload size of the CSI feedback; and generating the CSI feedback based on the payload size.
[0160] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the payload size by one of the following: determining the payload size based on a rank value; determining the payload size based on a payload indication carried by a pairing ID in a CSI report configuration; or determining the payload size based on a predefined codebook.
[0161] In some embodiments, the predefined codebook may comprise at least one of the following: a dimension of a float number; a dimension of a float number and a number of bits per scalar for scalar quantization; or a dimension of a float number, a length of a vector segment, and a number of bits per segment for vector quantization.
[0162] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the target CSI by one of the following: determining the target CSI based on a rank value and a predefined rank threshold; determining the target CSI based on channel state and at least one channel requirement; or determining the target CSI based on an indication of the target CSI from the base station.
[0163] In some embodiments, the indication of the target CSI may be carried by a CSI report configuration.
[0164] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the target CSI based on the rank value and the predefined rank threshold by: determining the channel matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is greater than the predefined rank threshold; and determining the precoding matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is less than the predefined rank threshold.
[0165] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the target CSI based on the channel state and the at least one channel requirement, and the CSI report further comprises an indication of the target CSI.
[0166] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting, to the base station, one of the following for data collection: a hybrid dataset comprising at least one precoding matrix and at least one channel matrix, and an indication of the target CSI indicating whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a channel matrix; or a unified dataset comprising at least one channel matrix.
[0167] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving, from the base station, an indication of the target CSI , wherein the indication of the target CSI is carried by one of the following: a pairing ID; additional information; or a dataset comprising the target CSI and the CSI feedback.
[0168] In some embodiments, the additional information may further comprise performance target, and the performance target comprises at least one of the following: a squared generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) for a precoding matrix; or a normalized mean square error (NMSE) for a channel matrix.
[0169] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 600 that supports the determination of CSI feedback in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method 600 may be implemented by a device or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of the method 600 may be performed by [anetwork entity 102 or a UE 104] as described herein. In some implementations, the device may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the device to perform the described functions. Additionally, or alternatively, the device may perform aspects of the described functions using special-purpose hardware.
[0170] At 605, the method may include receiving, from a user equipment (UE) , a CSI report comprising CSI feedback corresponding to target CSI, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be recovered. The operations of 605 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 605 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0171] At 610, the method may include recovering CSI based on the CSI report. The operations of 610 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 610 may be performed by a device as described with reference to FIG. 1.
[0172] In some embodiments, the target CSI may comprise one of a channel matrix or a precoding matrix.
[0173] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the target CSI for CSI feedback based on one of the following: a rank value indicated in the CSI report and a predefined rank threshold; an indication of the target CSI indicated in the CSI report; or channel state and at least one channel requirement.
[0174] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the target CSI in a CSI report configuration.
[0175] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the target CSI based on the rank value and the predefined rank threshold by: determining the channel matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is greater than the predefined rank threshold; and determining the precoding matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is less than the predefined rank threshold.
[0176] In some embodiments, the target CSI may comprise the channel matrix, and the processor is configured to recover the CSI by: determining a payload size of the CSI feedback; and recovering the CSI based on the payload size.
[0177] In some embodiments, the method may further include determining the payload size by one of the following: determining the payload size based on a rank value; or determining the payload size based on a predefined codebook.
[0178] In some embodiments, the predefined codebook may comprise at least one of the following: a dimension; a dimension and a number of bits per scalar for scalar quantization; or a dimension, a length of a vector segment, and a number of bits per segment for vector quantization.
[0179] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting, to the UE, a payload indication comprising the payload size via a pairing ID in a CSI report configuration.
[0180] In some embodiments, the method may further include receiving, from the UE, one of the following for data collection: a hybrid dataset comprising at least one precoding matrix and at least one channel matrix, and an indication of the target CSI indicating whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a channel matrix; or a unified dataset comprising at least one channel matrix.
[0181] In some embodiments, the method may further include transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the target CSI , wherein the indication of the target CSI is carried by one of the following: a pairing ID; additional information; or a dataset comprising the target CSI and the CSI feedback.
[0182] In some embodiments, the additional information may further comprise performance target, and the performance target comprises at least one of the following: a squared generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) for a precoding matrix; or a normalized mean square error (NMSE) for a channel matrix.
[0183] It should be noted that the methods described herein describes possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
[0184] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.
[0185] The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations.
[0186] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) , flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
[0187] As used herein, including in the claims, an article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a, ” “at least one, ” “one or more, ” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of” or “one or both of” ) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) . Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.
[0188] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
A user equipment (UE) comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:determine a target channel state information (CSI) for CSI feedback, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed;generate the CSI feedback based on the target CSI; andtransmit, via the transceiver to a base station, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback.The UE of claim 1, wherein the target CSI comprises one of a channel matrix or a precoding matrix.The UE of claim 2, wherein the target CSI comprises the channel matrix, and the processor is further configured to generate the CSI feedback by:determining a payload size of the CSI feedback; andgenerating the CSI feedback based on the payload size.The UE of claim 3, wherein the processor is configured to determine the payload size by one of the following:determining the payload size based on a rank value;determining the payload size based on a payload indication carried by a pairing identity (ID) in a CSI report configuration; ordetermining the payload size based on a predefined codebook.The UE of claim 4, wherein the predefined codebook comprises at least one of the following:a dimension of a float number;a dimension of a float number and a number of bits per scalar for scalar quantization; ora dimension of a float number, a length of a vector segment, and a number of bits per segment for vector quantization.The UE of claim 2, wherein the processor is configured to determine the target CSI by one of the following:determining the target CSI based on a rank value and a predefined rank threshold;determining the target CSI based on channel state and at least one channel requirement; ordetermining the target CSI based on an indication of the target CSI from the base station.The UE of claim 6, wherein the indication of the target CSI is carried by a CSI report configuration.The UE of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to determine the target CSI based on the rank value and the predefined rank threshold by:determining the channel matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is greater than the predefined rank threshold; anddetermining the precoding matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is less than the predefined rank threshold.The UE of claim 6, wherein the processor is configured to determine the target CSI based on the channel state and the at least one channel requirement, and the CSI report further comprises an indication of the target CSI.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, to the base station, one of the following for data collection:a hybrid dataset comprising at least one precoding matrix and at least one channel matrix, and an indication of the target CSI indicating whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a channel matrix; ora unified dataset comprising at least one channel matrix.The UE of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the base station, an indication of the target CSI , wherein the indication of the target CSI is carried by one of the following:a pairing ID;additional information; ora dataset comprising the target CSI and the CSI feedback.The UE of claim 11, wherein the additional information further comprises performance target, and the performance target comprises at least one of the following:a squared generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) for a precoding matrix; ora normalized mean square error (NMSE) for a channel matrix.A base station comprising:a processor; anda transceiver coupled to the processor,wherein the processor is configured to:receive, via the transceiver from a user equipment (UE) , a channel state information (CSI) report comprising CSI feedback corresponding to target CSI, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be recovered; andrecover CSI based on the CSI report.The base station of claim 13, wherein the target CSI comprises one of a channel matrix or a precoding matrix.The base station of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:determine the target CSI for CSI feedback based on one of the following:a rank value indicated in the CSI report and a predefined rank threshold;an indication of the target CSI indicated in the CSI report; orchannel state and at least one channel requirement.The base station of claim 15, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, to the UE, an indication of the target CSI in a CSI report configuration.The base station of claim 15, wherein the processor is configured to determine the target CSI based on the rank value and the predefined rank threshold by:determining the channel matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is greater than the predefined rank threshold; anddetermining the precoding matrix as the target CSI, wherein the rank value is less than the predefined rank threshold.The base station of claim 14, wherein the target CSI comprises the channel matrix, and the processor is configured to recover the CSI by:determining a payload size of the CSI feedback; andrecovering the CSI based on the payload size.The base station of claim 18, wherein the processor is configured to determine the payload size by one of the following:determining the payload size based on a rank value; ordetermining the payload size based on a predefined codebook.The base station of claim 19, wherein the predefined codebook comprises at least one of the following:a dimension of a float number;a dimension of a float number and a number of bits per scalar for scalar quantization; ora dimension of a float number, a length of a vector segment, and a number of bits per segment for vector quantization.The base station of claim 19, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, to the UE, a payload indication comprising the payload size via a pairing identity (ID) in a CSI report configuration.The base station of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:receive, from the UE, one of the following for data collection:a hybrid dataset comprising at least one precoding matrix and at least one channel matrix, and an indication of the target CSI indicating whether each data sample corresponds to a precoding matrix or a channel matrix; ora unified dataset comprising at least one channel matrix.The base station of claim 13, wherein the processor is further configured to:transmit, to the UE, an indication of the target CSI , wherein the indication of the target CSI is carried by one of the following:a pairing ID;additional information; ora dataset comprising the target CSI and the CSI feedback.The base station of claim 23, wherein the additional information further comprises performance target, and the performance target comprises at least one of the following:a squared generalized cosine similarity (SGCS) for a precoding matrix; ora normalized mean square error (NMSE) for a channel matrix.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to:determine, at a user equipment (UE) , a target channel state information (CSI) for CSI feedback, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed;generate the CSI feedback based on the target CSI; andtransmit, to a base station, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback.A processor for wireless communication, comprising:at least one memory; anda controller coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the controller to:receive, at a base station from a user equipment (UE) , a channel state information (CSI) report comprising CSI feedback corresponding to target CSI, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be recovered; andrecover CSI based on the CSI report.A method performed by a user equipment (UE) , comprising:determining a target channel state information (CSI) for CSI feedback, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be compressed;generating the CSI feedback based on the target CSI; andtransmitting, to a base station, a CSI report comprising the CSI feedback.A method performed by a base station, comprising:receiving, from a user equipment (UE) , a channel state information (CSI) report comprising CSI feedback corresponding to target CSI, wherein the target CSI indicates a matrix to be recovered; andrecovering CSI based on the CSI report.