Wind-photovoltaic-wave-energy-storage multi-energy complementary system and control method thereof
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/083454
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-04-15
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-22
Smart Images
Figure CN2026083454_22102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
A wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system and its control method
[0001] Cross-references to related applications
[0002] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202510467176.6, filed on April 15, 2025, with the State Intellectual Property Office of China, entitled “A Wind-Solar-Wave-Storage Multi-Energy Complementary System and Its Control Method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field
[0003] This disclosure relates to the technical field of new energy power generation, and in particular to a wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system and its control method. Background Technology
[0004] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, new energy power generation technologies have received widespread attention and development. Wind and solar energy, as important components of renewable energy, have advantages such as wide resource distribution and clean, pollution-free operation. Meanwhile, wave energy, as a type of ocean energy, also has enormous development potential. However, single-source new energy power generation methods suffer from problems such as unstable power generation and low energy utilization rates. Therefore, how to effectively integrate multiple new energy power generation methods to achieve multi-energy complementarity and improve energy utilization and power generation stability is a pressing technical problem to be solved in the current new energy power generation technology field. Furthermore, typhoons frequently occur in the South my country Sea. To adapt to the application of floating wind power products in deep-sea areas, energy storage devices can provide backup power to enable wind turbines to effectively and reliably engage with the wind during typhoons, reducing the overall load. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this disclosure is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system and its control method, which effectively integrates multiple new energy power generation methods, realizes multi-energy complementarity, improves energy utilization and power generation stability, provides reliable support for the precise wind alignment and effective load reduction of wind turbine units, and ensures the reliable operation of wind turbine units under extreme conditions.
[0006] The objective of this disclosure is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0007] A wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system includes a wind power generation unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wave energy generation unit, an energy storage unit, a low-voltage DC bus, a central control unit, a main converter, and a main transformer. The photovoltaic power generation unit, the wave energy generation unit, and the energy storage unit are connected to the central control unit via the low-voltage DC bus. The photovoltaic power generation unit absorbs solar energy and converts it into DC power through the photoelectric effect. The wave energy generation unit converts ocean wave energy into DC power. The energy storage unit stores excess energy from the low-voltage DC bus. When the energy of multiple power generation units is insufficient, the energy storage unit discharges in reverse to the low-voltage DC bus to ensure sufficient energy supply. When energy input is insufficient, the system provides stable power supply. The wind power generation unit is connected to the main converter. The wind power generation unit is used to convert external wind energy into DC power. The main converter is connected to the central control unit through the low-voltage DC bus. It is used to uniformly convert and manage power from various sources. The central control unit is based on a multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm and dynamically adjusts the output priority of the wind power generation unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit, the wave energy generation unit, and the energy storage unit according to real-time power generation data. The main transformer is connected to the main converter and is used to adjust the voltage level of the power to ensure that the power output of the wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system meets the requirements of the power grid or load.
[0008] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation unit includes an MPPT controller and at least two photovoltaic panels. The at least two photovoltaic panels are respectively connected to the MPPT controller. The MPPT controller is connected to the central control unit through the low-voltage DC bus. The at least two photovoltaic panels absorb solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. Then, the MPPT controller optimizes the output power of the electrical energy and boosts the voltage of the electrical energy to 1500V DC before directly feeding it into the low-voltage DC bus.
[0009] In some embodiments, the wave energy generation unit includes a wave energy acquisition device, at least two hydraulic cylinders, multiple hydraulic pumps, multiple hydraulic generators, multiple circuit breakers, and multiple rectifier inverters. One end of each of the at least two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the wave energy acquisition device, and the other end of each of the at least two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the multiple hydraulic pumps. Each hydraulic pump is connected to a hydraulic generator, each hydraulic generator is connected to a circuit breaker, each circuit breaker is connected to a rectifier inverter, and each rectifier inverter is connected to the central control unit via the low-voltage DC bus.
[0010] In some embodiments, the energy storage unit includes an energy storage DC (Direct Current)-DC converter and at least two energy storage batteries. The at least two energy storage batteries are respectively connected to the energy storage DC-DC converter. The energy storage DC-DC converter is connected to the central control unit through the low-voltage DC bus and is used to convert between DC power of different voltage levels to ensure voltage matching and power transmission efficiency between different units of the system. The energy storage DC-DC converter is equipped with an islanding mode and has an islanding detection function to ensure that the energy storage unit can quickly switch to off-grid mode in the event of a grid fault.
[0011] In some embodiments, the wind power generation unit uses a 3MW wind turbine, which captures and utilizes external wind energy through a wind turbine, converts it into rotational kinetic energy, and then drives the wind turbine to generate electricity after passing through a gearbox speed-up device.
[0012] In some embodiments, the central control unit includes a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, a multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm module, a dynamic priority adjustment module, a fault handling module, and a real-time monitoring and feedback module.
[0013] The data acquisition module is used to collect data on wind speed, wind direction, light intensity, wave frequency, energy storage system state of charge, grid demand, and equipment operating status in real time.
[0014] The data preprocessing module is used to eliminate instantaneous noise in the data collected by the data acquisition module by using a moving average filter, trigger an alarm and switch to a backup data source or historical data interpolation when abnormal data is detected, and calibrate environmental parameters.
[0015] The multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm module adopts a combination of predictive model predictive control and dynamic priority scheduling. It takes as input various data after data preprocessing, real-time power generation data, grid dispatch instructions, and weather forecasts for the next 24 hours. It outputs the output instructions of each power generation unit, energy storage charging and discharging strategies, and grid interaction power. The optimization goal is to maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy, minimize energy storage cycle losses, and meet the power supply demand of wind turbines actively reducing wind load under extreme conditions.
[0016] The dynamic priority adjustment module includes a basic mode, an energy storage coordination mode, and a typhoon mode. In the basic mode, when sunlight is sufficient, the photovoltaic power generation unit is prioritized; when wind speed is ≥8m / s, the wind power generation unit is prioritized; and when the combined real-time output of the photovoltaic and wind power generation units is lower than system demand, the wave energy generation unit fills the gap according to priority. In the energy storage coordination mode, when multiple power generation units have excess output, the energy storage unit charges; when multiple power generation units have insufficient output, the energy storage unit discharges and reserves energy as a backup power source. In the typhoon mode, when the grid loses power, the energy storage unit supplies power to the yaw and lubrication systems of the wind turbines, with a higher priority than other loads; if the energy storage unit's power supply is insufficient, the wave energy generation unit serves as a backup power source for critical loads.
[0017] The fault handling module is used to monitor the status of each unit device in real time and trigger alarms.
[0018] The real-time monitoring and feedback module is used to periodically refresh control commands and dynamically adjust strategies by combining historical data with the prediction model.
[0019] In some embodiments, the central control unit is provided with a primary and backup dual-machine hot standby mode. When the primary unit of the central control unit fails, the backup unit takes over control within a preset time. When the primary line fails, the system automatically switches to the backup line.
[0020] A control method for a wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system, based on the aforementioned wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system, includes:
[0021] S1. Data acquisition: Real-time acquisition of wind speed, wind direction, light intensity, wave frequency, energy storage unit state of charge, grid demand, and equipment operating status data;
[0022] S2. Data preprocessing: Using moving average filtering to eliminate instantaneous noise in the collected data; triggering an alarm and switching to a backup data source or historical data interpolation when abnormal data is present; calibrating environmental parameters.
[0023] S3, Multi-energy Complementary Optimization Calculation, adopts a combination of predictive model predictive control and dynamic priority scheduling. The input includes various data after data preprocessing, real-time power generation data, grid dispatch instructions, and weather forecasts for the next 24 hours. The output includes the output instructions of each power generation unit, energy storage charging and discharging strategies, and grid interaction power. The optimization objectives are to maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy, minimize energy storage cycle losses, and meet the power supply needs of wind turbines actively reducing wind load under extreme conditions.
[0024] S4. Dynamic priority adjustment, with the following specific priority rules:
[0025] In the basic mode, when there is sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic power generation unit is given priority to generate electricity; when the wind speed is ≥8m / s, the wind power generation unit is given priority to generate electricity; and when the total real-time output of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit is lower than the system demand, the wave energy generation unit makes up the gap according to priority.
[0026] In the energy storage collaborative mode, when multiple power generation units have excess output, the energy storage unit charges; when multiple power generation units have insufficient output, the energy storage unit discharges and reserves electrical energy as a backup power source.
[0027] In typhoon mode, when the power grid fails, the energy storage unit supplies power to the yaw and lubrication system of the wind turbine. The yaw and lubrication system of the wind turbine has a higher priority than other loads. If the energy storage unit is insufficient, the wave energy generation unit serves as a backup power source to supply power to the critical loads.
[0028] In some embodiments, the method further includes step S5, periodically refreshing control instructions, and dynamically adjusting the strategy by combining historical data and prediction models.
[0029] Compared with the prior art, this disclosure has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
[0030] 1. The system disclosed herein adopts an electrical topology that combines star and ring topologies. This structure simplifies the complexity of the power system, reduces energy losses during energy transmission, enables efficient connection and energy transmission of various new energy power generation methods, and improves the overall efficiency, reliability and stability of the system.
[0031] 2. The system disclosed herein generates and manages electricity through multiple energy inputs (wave energy, solar energy, wind energy, and energy storage), ensuring efficient energy utilization and stable supply, realizing intelligent scheduling and control, and improving the system's intelligence level and operation and maintenance efficiency.
[0032] 3. The system voltage level of this disclosure adopts a low-voltage DC 1500V form, which reduces the number of cable specifications and AC-DC conversion links, improves the overall efficiency by about 10%, and achieves better overall electrical costs.
[0033] 4. The wave energy, photovoltaic, and wind energy generation units disclosed herein are configured independently and connected in parallel via a busbar, supporting flexible expansion, such as multiple sets of wave energy generation units, multiple sets of photovoltaic panels, etc.; the energy storage unit adopts a dual-set configuration, and can also be expanded to multiple sets to improve redundancy and reliability. Attached Figure Description
[0034] Figure 1 is an electrical topology diagram of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation
[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this disclosure, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment provides a wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system, including a photovoltaic power generation unit, a wave energy power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a wind power generation unit 4, a low-voltage DC bus 5, a central control unit 6, a main converter 7, and a main transformer 8. The photovoltaic power generation unit, wave energy power generation unit, and energy storage unit are connected to the central control unit 6 via the low-voltage DC bus 5. The photovoltaic power generation unit absorbs solar energy and converts it into DC power through the photoelectric effect. The wave energy power generation unit converts ocean wave energy into DC power. The energy storage unit manages charging and discharging and stores excess energy in the low-voltage DC bus 5. When the energy of multiple power generation units is insufficient, the energy storage unit discharges in reverse to the low-voltage DC bus 5 to ensure energy supply. For stable power supply when the source input is insufficient (such as at night or when there is no wind), the wind power generation unit is connected to the main converter 7. The wind power generation unit is used to convert external wind energy into DC power. The main converter 7 is connected to the central control unit 6 through the low-voltage DC bus 5. It is used to uniformly convert and manage power from various sources to ensure the quality and stability of the output power. The central control unit 6 is based on a multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm and dynamically adjusts the output priority of the wind power generation unit, photovoltaic power generation unit, wave power generation unit and energy storage unit according to real-time power generation data. The main transformer 8 is connected to the main converter 7 and is used to adjust the voltage level of the power to ensure that the power output of the system meets the requirements of the grid or load, stepping up or stepping down the voltage to achieve grid connection and transmission.
[0038] Insufficient energy from multiple power generation units refers to a situation where the DC power converted by multiple power generation units is less than a preset threshold. These multiple power generation units include wind power generation units, photovoltaic power generation units, and wave power generation units.
[0039] The photovoltaic power generation unit includes an MPPT controller 102 and at least two photovoltaic panels 101. The two photovoltaic panels 101 are respectively connected to the MPPT controller 102. The photovoltaic panels 101 serve as solar energy input devices, converting solar energy into DC power to provide renewable energy input for the system. The MPPT controller 102 is connected to the central control unit 6 through the low-voltage DC bus 5. The MPPT controller 102 is used to optimize the output power of the photovoltaic panels 101, ensuring that the photovoltaic panels 101 always operate at the maximum power point under different light and temperature conditions, thereby improving the solar energy utilization efficiency. The photovoltaic panels 101 absorb solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. Then, the output power is optimized by the MPPT controller 102, stepped up to 1500V DC, and directly fed into the low-voltage DC bus 5.
[0040] The wave energy generation unit includes a wave energy harvesting device 201, hydraulic cylinders 202, hydraulic pumps 203, a hydraulic generator 204, a circuit breaker 205, and a rectifier-inverter 206. There are at least two hydraulic cylinders 202. One end of each hydraulic cylinder 202 is connected to the wave energy harvesting device 201, which serves as the primary energy input source, converting the mechanical energy of ocean waves into hydraulic energy or other forms of energy, providing a foundation for subsequent energy conversion. The other end of each hydraulic cylinder 202 is connected to multiple hydraulic pumps 203. The hydraulic cylinders 202 convert the mechanical energy generated by the wave energy harvesting device 201 into hydraulic pressure, while also serving as energy storage to maintain stable system pressure output. Under special conditions (such as typhoon conditions), they release pre-stored pressure to drive fluid movement in the hydraulic system, providing power to the hydraulic pumps 203. Each hydraulic pump 204... Each of the 03 components is connected to a hydraulic generator 204. The hydraulic pump 203 converts the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic cylinder 202 into the flow of hydraulic fluid, driving the hydraulic generator 204 to perform energy conversion. Each hydraulic generator 204 is connected to a circuit breaker 205. The hydraulic generator 204 converts the kinetic energy of the hydraulic fluid into electrical energy, generating alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) to provide power output for the system. Each circuit breaker 205 is connected to a rectifier-inverter 206. The circuit breaker 205 is used to protect the circuit system and prevent damage to the equipment from faults such as overload or short circuit. It can automatically disconnect the circuit when an abnormal current is detected. Each rectifier-inverter 206 is connected to the central control unit 6 through the low-voltage DC bus 5. The rectifier converts AC to DC, and the inverter converts DC to AC, ensuring that the electrical energy in the system is transmitted and used at the appropriate voltage and frequency.
[0041] The energy storage unit includes an energy storage DC-DC converter 302 and at least two energy storage batteries 301. The two energy storage batteries 301 are respectively connected to the energy storage DC-DC converter 302. The energy storage DC-DC converter 302 is connected to the central control unit 6 through the low-voltage DC bus 5. It is used to convert between DC power of different voltage levels to ensure voltage matching and power transmission efficiency between different devices in the system. The energy storage DC-DC converter 302 is equipped with an islanding mode and has an islanding detection function to ensure rapid switching to off-grid mode in the event of a grid fault.
[0042] The wind power generation unit uses a 3MW wind turbine. The appropriate capacity of the wind turbine can be selected based on the wind resources and hydrological conditions of the actual site. The wind turbine captures and utilizes external wind energy and converts it into rotational kinetic energy. After passing through the gearbox speed-up device, it drives the generator to generate electricity.
[0043] After acquiring the status information of each unit, the central control unit performs coordinated control of protection actions and responds to actions (opening, closing, and output magnitude, etc.). When a wind speed ≥30m / s (typhoon condition) is detected, it automatically switches to typhoon mode: cutting off power to non-critical loads and prioritizing the protection of the wind turbine's yaw system, sensors, and lubrication system. An active load reduction algorithm is activated to reduce the aerodynamic load on the blades through real-time yaw. The energy storage unit switches to islanded mode to ensure continuous power supply for the entire unit for 48 hours. Specifically, it includes a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, a multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm module, a dynamic priority adjustment module, a fault handling module, and a real-time monitoring and feedback module.
[0044] The data acquisition module is used to collect data on wind speed, wind direction, light intensity, wave frequency, energy storage system state of charge, grid demand, and equipment operating status in real time.
[0045] The equipment operation status data includes the operation status data of multiple power generation units.
[0046] The data preprocessing module is used to eliminate instantaneous noise in the data collected by the data acquisition module by using moving average filtering, trigger alarms for abnormal data and switch to backup data sources or historical data interpolation, and calibrate environmental parameters.
[0047] The multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm module combines predictive model predictive control with dynamic priority scheduling. It takes as input various data after data preprocessing, real-time power generation data, grid dispatch instructions, and weather forecasts for the next 24 hours. It outputs the output instructions of each power generation unit, energy storage charging and discharging strategies, and grid interaction power. The optimization objectives are to maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy, minimize energy storage cycle losses, and meet the power supply needs of wind turbines actively reducing wind load under extreme conditions.
[0048] The dynamic priority adjustment module includes a basic mode, an energy storage coordination mode, and a typhoon mode. In the basic mode, photovoltaic power generation units are prioritized when sunlight is sufficient, and wind power generation units are prioritized when wind speed is ≥8m / s. When the combined real-time output of photovoltaic and wind power generation units is lower than system demand, wave energy generation units fill the gap according to priority. In the energy storage coordination mode, energy storage units charge when multiple power generation units have excess output, and discharge and reserve energy as backup power when multiple power generation units have insufficient output. In the typhoon mode, when the grid fails, energy storage units supply power to the yaw and lubrication systems of wind turbines, with higher priority than other loads. If the energy storage units' power supply is insufficient, wave energy generation units act as backup power to supply critical loads.
[0049] The fault handling module is used to monitor the status of each unit device in real time and trigger three levels of alarms (early warning, fault, emergency).
[0050] The real-time monitoring and feedback module is used to refresh control commands periodically, dynamically adjust strategies by combining historical data and predictive models, and provide a visual monitoring panel (local, remote and online) to display information such as the output ratio of each unit, energy storage status, system efficiency, faults and operation logs.
[0051] The central control unit is equipped with a primary and backup dual-unit hot standby mode. When the primary unit fails, the backup unit takes over control within a preset time. In the event of a primary line failure, the system automatically switches to the backup line. The energy storage units employ multiple redundant configurations, allowing seamless takeover by another unit in the event of a single unit failure. More units can also be configured to further enhance reliability.
[0052] It can also be configured to interact with external systems, such as grid dispatch: receiving real-time electricity price signals from the grid to optimize the charging and discharging times of energy storage (e.g., charging during off-peak hours and discharging during peak hours). Based on extreme weather and typhoon path predictions, the energy storage state-of-charge capacity can be adjusted in advance to ensure power supply capability under extreme operating conditions.
[0053] This disclosure enables wind turbines to provide the necessary electrical energy for yaw during grid outages, thereby achieving reliable wind load reduction. Real-time yaw accretion is a crucial method for reducing wind turbine loads, especially under extreme typhoon conditions. Energy storage units can provide essential electrical support during wind turbine yaw, ensuring the stable operation of the yaw system, effectively reducing aerodynamic loads on the wind turbine and extending equipment lifespan.
[0054] This disclosure enables continuous and uninterrupted power supply to the main control system and electrical system of wind turbines, and further enables monitoring and motion response of wind turbines under extreme operating conditions. Continuous power supply to the sensors of the power generation unit allows for real-time monitoring of wind direction and speed changes, and enables blade angle and position adjustments through the turbine's own control program. This not only improves the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine but also acquires environmental data such as wind speed and direction under extreme conditions, providing effective power support for actions such as blade angle adjustments, reducing wind load, and protecting the wind turbine from damage.
[0055] This system ensures that the generator set can provide power to the wind turbine's lubrication system even during power outages or prolonged periods without power. This allows for effective lubrication of critical components, ensuring adequate lubrication and cooling even under extreme operating conditions. The system also provides power to a real-time monitoring system for the wind turbine's lubrication system, enabling the timely detection and resolution of insufficient or excessive lubrication issues, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the wind turbine.
[0056] Example 2
[0057] This embodiment provides a control method for a wind-solar-wavelength-storage multi-energy complementary system. Based on the wind-solar-wavelength-storage multi-energy complementary system described in Embodiment 1, the control logic is as follows:
[0058] S1. Data acquisition: Real-time acquisition of wind speed, wind direction, light intensity, wave frequency, energy storage unit state of charge, grid demand, and equipment operating status data;
[0059] S2. Data preprocessing: Using moving average filtering to eliminate instantaneous noise in the collected data; triggering an alarm and switching to a backup data source or historical data interpolation when abnormal data is present; calibrating environmental parameters; and outputting calibrated data and denoised data.
[0060] S3, Multi-energy Complementary Optimization Calculation, adopts a combination of predictive model predictive control and dynamic priority scheduling. It takes as input various data after data preprocessing, real-time power generation data, grid dispatch instructions, and weather forecasts for the next 24 hours. It outputs the output instructions of each power generation unit, energy storage charging and discharging strategies, and grid interaction power. The optimization goal is to maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy, minimize energy storage cycle losses, and meet the power supply demand of wind turbines actively reducing wind load under extreme conditions.
[0061] S4. Dynamic priority adjustment, with the following specific priority rules:
[0062] In the basic mode, when there is sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic power generation unit is given priority to generate electricity; when the wind speed is ≥8m / s, the wind power generation unit is given priority to generate electricity; and when the total real-time output of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit is lower than the system demand, the wave energy generation unit makes up the gap according to the preset priority.
[0063] In the energy storage collaborative mode, when multiple power generation units have excess output, the energy storage unit charges; when the output is insufficient, the energy storage unit discharges and reserves electrical energy as a backup power source.
[0064] In typhoon mode, when the power grid fails, the energy storage unit supplies power to the yaw and lubrication system of the wind turbine, with priority over other loads. If the energy storage unit is insufficient, the wave energy generation unit serves as a backup power source to supply power to critical loads (such as the central control unit, sensors, etc.).
[0065] S5: Periodically refresh control commands and dynamically adjust strategies by combining historical data and predictive models.
[0066] In this embodiment, the priority weighting of the wave energy generation unit output is as follows:
[0067] In the basic mode, photovoltaic power accounts for 15%, wind power for 60%, and wave energy for 25%.
[0068] In typhoon mode, solar power has a weight of 10%, wind power has a weight of 0%, and wave power has a weight of 90%.
[0069] Triggering conditions:
[0070] When the real-time output shortfall is ≥10%, the wave energy generation unit will start to supplement it;
[0071] When the wave energy generation efficiency is lower than the threshold (e.g., conversion efficiency <15%), it automatically switches to the energy storage unit for power supply.
[0072] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this patent, but the scope of protection of this patent is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in this patent, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this patent, shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.
Claims
1. A wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system, characterized in that, The system includes wind power generation units, photovoltaic power generation units, wave power generation units, energy storage units, a low-voltage DC bus, a central control unit, a main converter, and a main transformer. The photovoltaic power generation units, wave power generation units, and energy storage units are connected to the central control unit via the low-voltage DC bus. The photovoltaic power generation units absorb solar energy and convert it into DC power through the photoelectric effect. The wave power generation units convert ocean wave energy into DC power. The energy storage unit stores excess energy from the low-voltage DC bus. When the energy of multiple power generation units is insufficient, the energy storage unit discharges in reverse to the low-voltage DC bus to ensure energy supply. When the source input is insufficient, the system provides stable power supply. The wind power generation unit is connected to the main converter. The wind power generation unit is used to convert external wind energy into DC power. The main converter is connected to the central control unit through the low-voltage DC bus. It is used to uniformly convert and manage power from various sources. The central control unit is based on a multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm and dynamically adjusts the output priority of the wind power generation unit, the photovoltaic power generation unit, the wave power generation unit, and the energy storage unit according to real-time power generation data. The main transformer is connected to the main converter and is used to adjust the voltage level of the power to ensure that the power output of the system meets the requirements of the power grid or load.
2. The wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation unit includes an MPPT controller and at least two photovoltaic panels. The at least two photovoltaic panels are respectively connected to the MPPT controller. The MPPT controller is connected to the central control unit through the low-voltage DC bus. The at least two photovoltaic panels absorb solar energy and convert it into electrical energy. Then, the MPPT controller optimizes the output power of the electrical energy, boosts the voltage of the electrical energy to 1500V DC, and directly feeds it into the low-voltage DC bus.
3. The wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wave energy generation unit includes a wave energy acquisition device, at least two hydraulic cylinders, multiple hydraulic pumps, multiple hydraulic generators, multiple circuit breakers, and multiple rectifier inverters. One end of each of the at least two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the wave energy acquisition device, and the other end of each of the at least two hydraulic cylinders is connected to the multiple hydraulic pumps. Each hydraulic pump is connected to a hydraulic generator, each hydraulic generator is connected to a circuit breaker, each circuit breaker is connected to a rectifier inverter, and each rectifier inverter is connected to the central control unit via the low-voltage DC bus.
4. The wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage unit includes an energy storage DC-DC converter and at least two energy storage batteries. The at least two energy storage batteries are respectively connected to the energy storage DC-DC converter. The energy storage DC-DC converter is connected to the central control unit through the low-voltage DC bus and is used to convert between DC power of different voltage levels to ensure voltage matching and power transmission efficiency between different units of the system. The energy storage DC-DC converter is equipped with an islanding mode and has an islanding detection function to ensure that the energy storage unit can quickly switch to off-grid mode in the event of a grid fault.
5. The wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind power generation unit uses a 3MW wind turbine, which converts external wind energy into rotational kinetic energy through the wind turbine, and then drives the wind turbine to generate electricity after passing through a gearbox speed-up device.
6. The wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control unit includes a data acquisition module, a data preprocessing module, a multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm module, a dynamic priority adjustment module, a fault handling module, and a real-time monitoring and feedback module. The data acquisition module is used to collect data on wind speed, wind direction, light intensity, wave frequency, energy storage system state of charge, grid demand, and equipment operating status in real time. The data preprocessing module is used to eliminate instantaneous noise in the data collected by the data acquisition module by using a moving average filter, trigger an alarm and switch to a backup data source or historical data interpolation when abnormal data is detected, and calibrate environmental parameters. The multi-energy complementary optimization algorithm module adopts a combination of predictive model predictive control and dynamic priority scheduling. It takes as input various data after data preprocessing, real-time power generation data, grid dispatch instructions, and weather forecasts for the next 24 hours. It outputs the output instructions of each power generation unit, energy storage charging and discharging strategies, and grid interaction power. The optimization goal is to maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy, minimize energy storage cycle losses, and meet the power supply demand of wind turbines actively reducing wind load under extreme conditions. The dynamic priority adjustment module includes a basic mode, an energy storage coordination mode, and a typhoon mode. In the basic mode, when sunlight is sufficient, the photovoltaic power generation unit is prioritized; when wind speed is ≥8m / s, the wind power generation unit is prioritized; and when the combined real-time output of the photovoltaic and wind power generation units is lower than system demand, the wave energy generation unit fills the gap according to priority. In the energy storage coordination mode, when multiple power generation units have excess output, the energy storage unit charges; when multiple power generation units have insufficient output, the energy storage unit discharges and reserves energy as a backup power source. In the typhoon mode, when the grid loses power, the energy storage unit supplies power to the yaw and lubrication systems of the wind turbines, with a higher priority than other loads; if the energy storage unit's power supply is insufficient, the wave energy generation unit serves as a backup power source for critical loads. The fault handling module is used to monitor the status of each unit device in real time and trigger alarms. The real-time monitoring and feedback module is used to periodically refresh control commands and dynamically adjust strategies by combining historical data with the prediction model.
7. The wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The central control unit is equipped with a primary and backup dual-machine hot standby mode. When the primary unit of the central control unit fails, the backup unit takes over control within a preset time. When the primary line fails, it automatically switches to the backup line.
8. A control method for a wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system, based on the wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: S1. Data acquisition: Real-time acquisition of wind speed, wind direction, light intensity, wave frequency, energy storage unit state of charge, grid demand, and equipment operating status data; S2. Data preprocessing: Using moving average filtering to eliminate instantaneous noise in the collected data; triggering an alarm and switching to a backup data source or historical data interpolation when abnormal data is present; calibrating environmental parameters. S3, Multi-energy Complementary Optimization Calculation, adopts a combination of predictive model predictive control and dynamic priority scheduling. It takes as input various data after data preprocessing, real-time power generation data, grid dispatch instructions, and weather forecasts for the next 24 hours. It outputs the output instructions of each power generation unit, energy storage charging and discharging strategies, and grid interaction power. The optimization goal is to maximize the utilization rate of renewable energy, minimize energy storage cycle losses, and meet the power supply demand of wind turbines actively reducing wind load under extreme conditions. S4. Dynamic priority adjustment, with the following specific priority rules: In the basic mode, when there is sufficient sunlight, the photovoltaic power generation unit is given priority to generate electricity; when the wind speed is ≥8m / s, the wind power generation unit is given priority to generate electricity; and when the total real-time output of the photovoltaic power generation unit and the wind power generation unit is lower than the system demand, the wave energy generation unit makes up the gap according to priority. In the energy storage collaborative mode, when multiple power generation units have excess output, the energy storage unit charges; when multiple power generation units have insufficient output, the energy storage unit discharges and reserves electrical energy as a backup power source. In typhoon mode, when the power grid fails, the energy storage unit supplies power to the yaw and lubrication system of the wind turbine. The yaw and lubrication system of the wind turbine has a higher priority than other loads. If the energy storage unit is insufficient, the wave energy generation unit serves as a backup power source to supply power to the critical loads.
9. The control method for a wind-solar-wave-storage multi-energy complementary system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method also includes step S5, which involves periodically refreshing control commands and dynamically adjusting strategies based on historical data and prediction models.