Controller, power supply device for vehicle, and vehicle

Abstract

A controller (10), comprising a power supply circuit (101), wherein an input end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to an external power module (20), an output end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to an external load (30), and the power supply circuit is used for outputting, to the load and on the basis of an output voltage of the power module, a target voltage adapted to the load. A power supply device (40) for a vehicle (50), the power supply device (40) comprising a controller. A vehicle, comprising a controller or a power supply device for the vehicle. The controller uses a power supply circuit to directly and dynamically adjust on the basis of an output voltage of a power module, and output a target voltage adapted to a load, such that adapted voltages can be output for different types of loads, thereby satisfying the power requirements of different loads, and thus providing convenience for users.

Description

A controller, a power supply device for a vehicle, and a vehicle.

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2025207554223, filed on April 18, 2025, entitled "A Controller, a Power Supply Device for a Vehicle and a Vehicle", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, specifically to a controller, a vehicle power supply device, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of new energy vehicles, the application of vehicle power supply technology has been widely promoted. In the existing technology, in the scenario where the vehicle energy storage system supplies power to external devices, the vehicle energy storage system generally supplies power to external devices through a power distribution box. However, the existing power distribution box is only compatible with a limited range of load types and cannot be matched with other types of loads.

[0004] Application content

[0005] In view of the above problems, embodiments of this application are proposed to provide a controller, a power supply device for a vehicle, and a vehicle that overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this application discloses a controller, comprising:

[0007] The power supply circuit has an input terminal for connecting to the power module and an output terminal for connecting to the load. The power supply circuit is used to output a target voltage adapted to the load based on the output voltage of the power module.

[0008] Optionally, the power supply circuit includes multiple circuits, and the target voltage output by the multiple power supply circuits is different.

[0009] Optionally, the power supply circuit includes a first power supply circuit, which includes a first voltage conversion element;

[0010] The first voltage conversion element is used to convert the output voltage into a first target voltage, which is different from the output voltage.

[0011] Optionally, the power supply circuit includes a second power supply circuit, which includes a second voltage conversion element;

[0012] The second voltage conversion element is used to convert the output voltage into a second target voltage, which is different from the first target voltage.

[0013] Optionally, the power supply circuit further includes a third power supply circuit, which is partially multiplexed with the first power supply circuit. The circuit multiplexed with the first power supply circuit includes the first voltage conversion element. The circuit where the third power supply circuit and the first power supply circuit do not overlap includes the third voltage conversion element. The third voltage conversion element is connected to the first voltage conversion element.

[0014] The third voltage conversion element is used to convert the first target voltage into a third target voltage, which is different from the first target voltage.

[0015] Optionally, the first target voltage is less than the output voltage, and the third target voltage is less than the first target voltage.

[0016] Optionally, the power supply circuit includes a fourth power supply circuit for outputting a fourth target voltage, which is equal to the output voltage.

[0017] Optionally, the power supply circuit includes circuit protection elements;

[0018] The circuit protection element is used to cut off the power supply circuit when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a threshold.

[0019] Optionally, the controller is a domain controller.

[0020] Optionally, the target voltage is at least one of 48V, 24V, 12V, 8.5V, 5V, and 3.3V, and the output voltage is 48V.

[0021] Optionally, some or all of the components in the power supply circuit are integrated on the circuit board of the controller.

[0022] This application also discloses a power supply device for a vehicle, which includes the controller described above.

[0023] Optionally, the power supply device further includes a power module.

[0024] Optionally, the power module includes:

[0025] Power batteries are used to output power voltage;

[0026] A voltage converter is connected to both the power battery and the controller to convert the power voltage into the output voltage and output it to the controller.

[0027] Optionally, the power module further includes:

[0028] A first low-voltage battery is connected to both the voltage converter and the controller, and is used to supply power to the controller using the output voltage.

[0029] Optionally, the power module includes:

[0030] An engine is used to convert the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy;

[0031] The generator set is connected to the engine and the controller respectively, and is used to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy to obtain the output voltage, and output it to the controller.

[0032] Optionally, the power module further includes:

[0033] The second low-voltage battery is connected to both the generator set and the controller, and is used to supply power to the controller using the output voltage.

[0034] This application also discloses a vehicle that includes the controller or the power supply device for the vehicle as described above.

[0035] The embodiments of this application have the following advantages:

[0036] This application discloses a controller, a power supply device for a vehicle, and a vehicle. The controller includes a power supply circuit, the input terminal of which is connected to a power module, and the output terminal of which is connected to a load. The power supply circuit is used to acquire the output voltage of the power module and output a target voltage adapted to the load based on the output voltage. By integrating the power supply circuit into the controller, this application enables the power supply circuit to dynamically adjust and output a target voltage adapted to the load directly based on the output voltage of the power module. This allows for the output of adapted voltages for different types of loads, meeting the power requirements of different loads and providing convenience for users. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a controller provided in this utility model;

[0038] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of another controller provided in this utility model;

[0039] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of another controller provided in this utility model;

[0040] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle charging device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of another vehicle power supply device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Reference numerals: 10-Controller; 101-Power supply circuit; 1011-First power supply circuit; 10111-First voltage conversion element; 1012-Second power supply circuit; 10121-Second voltage conversion element; 1013-Third power supply circuit; 10131-Third voltage conversion element; 1014-Fourth power supply circuit; 20-Power module; 201-Power battery; 202-Voltage converter; 203-First low-voltage battery; 204-Engine; 205-Generator set; 206-Second low-voltage battery; 30-Load; 301-First load; 302-Second load; 303-Third load; 304-Fourth load; 40-Power supply device; 50-Vehicle; A1-Circuit protection element. Specific Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] One of the core concepts of this application is that by integrating the power supply circuit into the domain controller, the power supply circuit can dynamically adjust and output the target voltage adapted to the load directly according to the output voltage of the power module. This can achieve the output of adapted voltage for different types of loads, meet the power needs of different loads, and provide convenience for users.

[0046] Referring to Figure 1, a structural block diagram of a controller 10 is shown, which may include:

[0047] The power supply circuit 101 has an input terminal for connecting to the power module 20 and an output terminal for connecting to the load 30. The power supply circuit 101 is used to obtain the output voltage of the power module 20 and output a target voltage adapted to the load 30 based on the output voltage.

[0048] In some embodiments, the power module 20 can serve as an energy center, converting high voltage into output voltage and outputting it to the controller 10. The high voltage is the power voltage, which is typically in the range of 400V-800V. For example, the high voltage can be 350V, 380V, 800V, etc. The output voltage can be a preset voltage range, for example, the output voltage is 48V.

[0049] The power supply circuit 101 converts and processes the electrical energy provided by the power module 20 to meet the load's requirements for voltage, current, and other parameters, providing a stable and reliable power supply to the load. It can use DC / DC conversion technology to achieve voltage adaptation. When the output voltage is higher than the load requirement, a buck circuit can be used. When the load requirement and the output voltage are the same, DC / DC conversion technology is not required, and the output can be directly output. Taking a typical in-vehicle infotainment system as an example, the required 5V power supply can be achieved by the buck circuit through PWM pulse width modulation technology.

[0050] Load 30 refers to various electrical devices or circuit components connected to the output terminal of power supply circuit 101, such as motors, sensors, chips, etc. They need to consume electrical energy to complete their respective tasks. Their working characteristics and electrical energy requirements are different. Load 30 can include various types. For different load characteristics, power supply circuit 101 can adapt to different target voltages according to the output voltage of the power module, so as to supply power to different loads.

[0051] The power supply circuit 101 can integrate multiple protection functions. When an overvoltage is detected in the input output voltage, overvoltage protection is triggered. When a short circuit occurs, current limiting is activated. When the temperature exceeds 85°C, overheat protection is activated.

[0052] The processed target voltage can be filtered by a filter circuit to eliminate high-frequency noise, and the final stable output voltage can be transmitted to the load 30 through a twisted pair cable to meet the power supply requirements of different loads, such as 12V to drive the wiper motor, 5V to supply the camera module, and 3.3V to support the vehicle communication module.

[0053] This application discloses a controller that integrates a power supply circuit into the controller. The power supply circuit dynamically adjusts and outputs a target voltage that is compatible with the load based on the output voltage of the power module. This enables the controller to output a suitable voltage for different types of loads, meet the power requirements of different loads, and provide convenience for users.

[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit includes multiple circuits, and the target voltages output by the multiple power supply circuits are different.

[0055] In this application, the controller 10 may contain multiple independent or cooperative power supply circuits. Each power supply circuit can process the input voltage of the power module 20 and output a target voltage suitable for a specific load to adapt to different loads.

[0056] In one example, the load requires a supply voltage of 3.3V, and the target voltage output by the power supply circuit is 3.3V.

[0057] In another example, the load requires a supply voltage of 4.0V, and the target supply voltage output voltage is 4V.

[0058] This application has multiple power supply circuits that can output different target voltages, which can meet the voltage requirements of various loads, enabling the controller to adapt to various load devices with different voltage requirements, thus enhancing the system's compatibility and versatility.

[0059] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit includes a first power supply circuit, which includes a first voltage conversion element; the first voltage conversion element is used to convert the output voltage into a first target voltage, which is different from the output voltage.

[0060] In this application, as shown in FIG2, a structural block diagram of another controller 10 provided in this application is shown. The power supply circuit 101 may include a first power supply circuit 1011, which may include a first voltage conversion element 10111, and the load is a first load 301.

[0061] The input terminal of the first voltage conversion element 10111 is connected to the power supply module 20, receives the output voltage output by the power supply module 20, and then converts the output voltage into the working voltage of the first load 301 according to the working voltage of the first load 301, and then outputs it to the load 301 to supply power to the load 301.

[0062] The first voltage conversion element 10111 is typically an electronic component or circuit module with voltage conversion function. In one example, the first voltage conversion element 10111 is a DC-DC conversion element.

[0063] In one example, the power module 20 outputs a voltage of 48V, and the first target voltage corresponding to the load 301 is 12V. At this time, the first voltage conversion element 10111 can convert 48V to 12V and then output it to the load 301 to power the load 301.

[0064] It should be noted that the first voltage conversion element can be one of the following chips: AH8619SA, SL3041, SL3038, and AH1008. The specific choice can be set according to the user's needs.

[0065] In this application, different loads have different operating voltage requirements. The first voltage conversion element can convert the output voltage of the power module into a first target voltage suitable for the load, so that the load can operate at its optimal operating voltage, thereby improving the load's efficiency and performance.

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit includes a second power supply circuit, which includes a second voltage conversion element; the second voltage conversion element is used to convert the output voltage into a second target voltage, which is different from the first target voltage.

[0067] In this application, as shown in FIG2, the power supply circuit 101 may include a second power supply circuit 1012, which may include a second voltage conversion element 10121, and the load may include a load 302.

[0068] The input terminal of the second voltage conversion element 10121 is connected to the power module 20, receives the output voltage output by the power module 20, and then converts the output voltage into the second target voltage of the first load 302 according to the working voltage of the second load 302, and then outputs it to the load 302 to supply power to the load 302.

[0069] The second voltage conversion element 10121 is typically an electronic component or circuit module with voltage conversion function. In one example, the first voltage conversion element 10121 can be a DC-DC conversion element, which can be one of the following chips: AH8619SA, SL3041, SL3038, and AH1008. The specific choice can be set according to the user's needs.

[0070] In one example, the operating voltage of load 302 is 5V, and the output voltage of power module 20 is 48V. The second voltage conversion element 10121 can convert 48V to 5V and then output it to load 302 to power load 302.

[0071] In this application, the second power supply circuit is independent of the first power supply circuit and can provide a stable power supply to the load it is connected to, reducing the interference caused by the mutual influence of power supplies between different loads. This enables the entire controller to be compatible with a variety of different types of loads, improving the controller's versatility and flexibility.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit further includes a third power supply circuit, which is partially multiplexed with the first power supply circuit. The circuit multiplexed with the first power supply circuit includes a first voltage conversion element. The circuits where the third power supply circuit and the first power supply circuit do not overlap include a third voltage conversion element. The third voltage conversion element is connected to the first voltage conversion element. The third voltage conversion element is used to convert the first target voltage into a third target voltage, which is different from the first target voltage.

[0073] In this application, as shown in Figure 3, a structural block diagram of another controller 10 provided in this application is shown. The power supply circuit 101 may further include a third power supply circuit 1013. The third power supply circuit 1013 may be partially reused with the first power supply circuit 1011. The circuit reused by the third power supply circuit 1013 and the first power supply circuit 1011 includes a first voltage conversion element 10111. The circuit where the third power supply circuit 1013 and the first power supply circuit 1011 do not overlap includes a third voltage conversion element 10131. The third voltage conversion element 10131 is connected to the first voltage conversion element 10111. The load may include a load 303.

[0074] Then the third power supply circuit 1013 can obtain the first target voltage through the first voltage conversion element 10111 of the multiplexing part, and then convert the first target voltage into a third target voltage that is different from it through the third voltage conversion element 10131.

[0075] The third voltage conversion element 10131 is typically an electronic component or circuit module with voltage conversion function. In one example, the third voltage conversion element 10131 can be a DC-DC conversion element, which can be one of the following chips: AH8619SA, SL3041, SL3038, and AH1008. The specific choice can be set according to the user's needs.

[0076] In one example, the operating voltage of load 303 is 5V, the output voltage of power module 20 is 48V, the first target voltage is 12V, and the third voltage conversion element 10131 can convert the first target voltage of 12V to the third target voltage of 5V, and then output the 5V voltage to power the third load 303.

[0077] The partially reused circuit design in this application allows the conversion between the first target voltage and the third target voltage to be performed in a relatively stable internal circuit. Since the first voltage conversion element has already performed preliminary voltage regulation and filtering on the output of the power module, the third voltage conversion element operates under such relatively stable input conditions, which can reduce the impact of power fluctuations and interference, and improve the stability of the third target voltage.

[0078] In some embodiments of this application, the first target voltage is less than the output voltage, and the third target voltage is less than the first target voltage.

[0079] In this application, the first target voltage can be less than the output voltage, and the third target voltage can be less than the first target voltage, thereby enabling power supply to different loads in the same controller. In one example, the third target voltage is 3.3V, and the first target voltage is 12V. The third voltage conversion element 10131 can directly convert 12V to 3.3V based on the first target voltage output by the first voltage conversion element 10111, thereby powering loads with an operating voltage of approximately 3.3V. By further converting the first target voltage to a smaller third target voltage, this application can accurately provide suitable power supply to these low-voltage loads with stringent voltage requirements, reducing voltage loss compared to directly converting from the output voltage to the third target voltage.

[0080] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit includes a fourth power supply circuit for outputting a fourth target voltage, which is equal to the output voltage.

[0081] As shown in Figure 3, the power supply circuit 101 may also include a fourth power supply circuit 1014. The input terminal of the fourth power supply circuit 1014 is connected to the power module 20. The load may include a fourth load 304. After the fourth power supply circuit 1014 obtains the output voltage of the power module 20, it directly outputs the output voltage to the load terminal to supply power to the load connected to the output terminal of the power supply circuit. At this time, the operating voltage of the fourth load is the same as the output voltage of the power module 20.

[0082] It should be noted that the fourth target voltage being equal to the output voltage means that during the power transmission process, due to factors such as line resistance, the output voltage will experience a certain degree of loss, which will cause the fourth target voltage output by the fourth power supply circuit to be slightly lower than the initial output voltage.

[0083] This application outputs a fourth target voltage through a fourth power supply circuit 1014, which can be adapted to various types of load devices according to different application requirements.

[0084] In some embodiments of this application, the power supply circuit includes a circuit protection element; the circuit protection element is used to cut off the power supply circuit when the current in the power supply circuit exceeds a threshold.

[0085] In this application, the power supply circuit 101 may include a circuit protection element A1. When the power supply circuit is working normally, the current is within a safe range and has not reached a preset threshold. At this time, the circuit protection element is in the conducting state, allowing the current to flow smoothly in the power supply circuit and providing stable power to the load. All parts in the power supply circuit, such as the power module, voltage conversion element, and load, can operate normally and complete their respective functions.

[0086] The circuit protection element 1015 has the ability to monitor the current in the power supply circuit in real time. When the circuit protection element 1015 detects that the current exceeds the threshold, it will respond quickly and cut off the power supply circuit.

[0087] In this embodiment of the application, as shown in FIG3, the first power supply circuit 1011 may include a circuit protection element A1. The circuit protection element A1 can monitor the current in the power supply circuit 1011 and cut off the power supply circuit 1011 when the current exceeds a threshold.

[0088] It should be noted that the circuit protection component A1 can be an EFUSE (electronic fuse), a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), an HSD (High-side Driver), etc., and the specific type used is not limited here.

[0089] In this application, after the power supply circuit is cut off by the circuit protection element, it can effectively prevent excessive current from damaging other components in the circuit, protect the safety of the power supply circuit and the load, and at the same time reduce the risk of safety accidents caused by circuit faults, providing reliable protection for the entire circuit.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, the controller is a domain controller.

[0091] In this application, a domain controller is an electronic control unit (ECU) that integrates multiple related functions to centrally control and manage specific areas of an automobile, such as powertrain, chassis, body, and smart cockpit. It can communicate with various sensors, actuators, and other domain controllers or electronic control units through a high-speed network to achieve coordination and optimization of various complex functions.

[0092] This application integrates the power supply circuit into the domain controller to provide power to different loads. The domain controller can integrate multiple related functions together, achieving a higher level of functional integration and collaborative operation.

[0093] In some embodiments of this application, the target voltage is different from the output voltage.

[0094] In this application, the target voltage output by the power supply circuit is different from the output voltage. Thus, the power supply circuit can convert the output voltage to obtain different target voltages to supply power to different loads, thereby meeting the power supply needs of different load devices and providing convenience for users.

[0095] In some embodiments of this application, the target voltage is at least one of 48V, 24V, 12V, 8.5V, 5V, and 3.3V, and the output voltage is 48V.

[0096] In this application, the output voltage of the power module can be a preset voltage range, and the output voltage can be the rated voltage, such as 48V. The target voltage output by the controller can be a preset voltage range, and the target voltage can be the rated voltage, such as 48V, 24V, 12V, 8.5V, 5V, or 3.3V. In one example, when the output voltage is 48V and the target voltage is 48V, the power supply circuit can supply power to load devices with a working voltage of 48V.

[0097] When the output voltage is 48V, the target voltage is 48V and 12V. At this time, the power supply circuit can simultaneously supply power to load devices with operating voltages of 48V and 12V.

[0098] When the output voltage is 48V, and the target voltage is 5V or 12V, the power supply circuit can simultaneously supply power to load devices with operating voltages of 5V and 12V.

[0099] When the output voltage is 48V and the target voltage is 48V, 12V, or 5V, the power supply circuit can simultaneously supply power to load devices with operating voltages of 48V, 12V, or 5V.

[0100] This application can meet the voltage requirements of various loads, enabling the controller to adapt to various devices with different voltage requirements, thus enhancing the system's compatibility and versatility.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, some or all of the components in the power supply circuit are integrated on the controller's circuit board.

[0102] In this application, some or all of the components in the power supply circuit can be integrated onto the controller's circuit board. For example, the circuit protection components and voltage conversion components in the power supply circuit can be integrated onto the controller's circuit board, reducing the size of the independent power supply circuit module and making fuller use of the limited space inside the vehicle, which helps to optimize the overall vehicle structure design. Integration reduces the connection lines between components, reducing the probability of failures caused by poor contact or wear. Integration also reduces the use of additional materials such as component packaging and housing, while simplifying the manufacturing process and reducing labor and time costs in the production process.

[0103] Figure 1 shows a structural block diagram of a vehicle power supply device 40 provided in this application. The vehicle power supply device 40 may include a power module 20 and a controller 10. The controller 10 includes a power supply circuit 101. The input terminal of the power supply circuit 101 is connected to the power module 20, and the output terminal of the power supply circuit 101 is connected to the load 30. The power supply circuit 101 is used to output a target voltage adapted to the load 30 according to the output voltage of the power module 20.

[0104] This application integrates the power supply circuit into the controller, and uses the power supply circuit to dynamically adjust and output the target voltage adapted to the load directly according to the output voltage of the power module. This enables the output of adapted voltages for different types of loads, meeting the power needs of different loads and providing convenience for users.

[0105] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG4, the power module 20 may include: a power battery 201 for outputting power voltage; and a voltage converter 202 connected to the power battery and the controller 10 for converting the power voltage into an output voltage and outputting it to the controller 10.

[0106] In this embodiment of the application, when the vehicle is a new energy vehicle, the power battery 201 can output power voltage. The power battery 201 is usually the core power source of electric vehicles or high-voltage systems, and outputs a high DC voltage. The power voltage is generally around 400V-800V. This voltage is used to drive high-power equipment such as motors and air conditioners, but it cannot directly power low-voltage electronic devices such as controllers.

[0107] The voltage converter 202 can be a step-down converter, whose core function is to convert the power voltage of the power battery into a lower output voltage. The output of the voltage converter 202 is directly connected to the controller 10, which can provide it with continuous and reliable power support. The power module 20 is powered by the high-voltage battery, and the voltage converter 202 achieves efficient voltage reduction, ultimately powering the controller 10 and other low-voltage devices. This process is the core link in the coordinated work of the high-voltage system and low-voltage electronic equipment, ensuring the safety and stability of the vehicle's power distribution.

[0108] In this application, different devices in the vehicle have different voltage requirements. The power battery 201 outputs a higher power voltage, which is suitable for powering high-power devices such as drive motors, while electronic devices such as controller 10 usually require a lower operating voltage. The voltage converter 202 can convert the power voltage into a suitable output voltage for the controller, thereby meeting the voltage requirements of different devices and enabling the entire electrical system to work in a coordinated manner.

[0109] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG4, the power module 20 may further include: a first low-voltage battery 203, which is connected to the voltage converter 202 and the controller 10 respectively; the first low-voltage battery 203 is used to supply power to the controller using the output voltage.

[0110] In this application, the output voltage input to the controller 10 can be obtained directly from the voltage converter 202 or from the first low-voltage battery 203. The first low-voltage battery 1014 is an energy storage device for providing a lower DC voltage, typically with a rated voltage of 48V, and is widely used in systems that require backup power or low-voltage power supply. Compared to the power battery, the first low-voltage battery 203 can provide a lower voltage. The first low-voltage battery 203 can store approximately 48V of electrical energy based on the voltage output from the voltage converter 202, and then output a 48V output voltage to the controller to power the controller.

[0111] The first low-voltage battery 203 can provide corresponding current according to the load of the controller. If the controller is in a high-load operating state, such as when the vehicle is performing complex autonomous driving tasks or when a large number of electronic devices are working at the same time, the controller needs a large current. The first low-voltage battery can provide enough current in time to ensure the normal operation of the controller. When the controller is in a low-load state, the current provided by the first low-voltage battery will also be reduced accordingly, so as to realize the rational use of electrical energy.

[0112] In the event of a power battery failure or depletion, the first low-voltage battery 203 can serve as an emergency power source, providing limited power support for some critical vehicle systems. When the vehicle brakes or decelerates, the motor can convert the vehicle's kinetic energy into electrical energy and recover it into the first low-voltage battery. This recovered electrical energy can power electronic devices during subsequent vehicle operation, thereby reducing reliance on the power battery, improving energy efficiency, and reducing overall energy consumption.

[0113] It should be noted that the power module 20 may include a circuit protection element A1, which can cut off the power module when the current exceeds a threshold.

[0114] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG5, a structural block diagram of another vehicle power supply device provided in this application is illustrated. The power supply module 20 may include:

[0115] Engine 204 is used to convert the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy;

[0116] The generator set 205 is connected to the engine and the controller respectively, and is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy to obtain an output voltage, which is then output to the controller 10.

[0117] In this application, when the vehicle is a fuel vehicle, the engine 204 draws in air through the intake system and mixes it with fuel (such as gasoline, diesel, etc.) injected by the fuel injection system in the combustion chamber to form a combustible mixture. Then, the combustible mixture is burned by spark plug ignition (for gasoline engines) or compression auto-ignition (for diesel engines). The chemical energy in the fuel is released during the combustion process to produce high-temperature and high-pressure gas.

[0118] The expansion of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas pushes the piston downward, and the reciprocating motion of the piston is converted into the rotational motion of the crankshaft through the connecting rod. In this process, the chemical energy of the fuel is converted into the mechanical energy of mechanical components such as the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft, thus realizing the output of power.

[0119] The generator in generator set 205 typically operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. The generator mainly consists of two parts: a stator and a rotor. The rotor is a rotating magnetic field source that is driven to rotate by the engine through a transmission device. The stator is a fixed winding. When the rotor rotates in the stator, the magnetic flux in the stator winding changes. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, an induced electromotive force is generated in the stator winding, thereby generating a current.

[0120] The initial voltage generated by the generator fluctuates with changes in engine speed, load, and other factors. In order to obtain a stable output voltage, the generator set is usually equipped with a voltage regulator. The voltage regulator monitors the magnitude of the generator output voltage in real time and adjusts the magnetic field strength by adjusting the excitation current of the rotor, thereby regulating the generator output voltage and stabilizing it within the set value range to meet the voltage stability requirements of various devices in the vehicle's electrical system. Finally, the regulated and stable voltage is used as the output voltage to power the vehicle's controller and other electronic devices.

[0121] In this application, the engine can efficiently convert the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy, providing power to the vehicle while also providing a stable mechanical energy input to the generator set. The generator set also has a high efficiency in converting the mechanical energy output by the engine into electrical energy. Through this two-stage conversion, the overall efficient conversion from fuel chemical energy to electrical energy is achieved, providing sufficient power for the vehicle's electrical system.

[0122] In some embodiments of this application, as shown in FIG5, the power module further includes a second low-voltage battery 206, which is connected to the generator set 205 and the controller 10 respectively, for storing the electrical energy converted by the generator set 206 and supplying power to the controller 10 according to the electrical energy.

[0123] In this application, the output voltage input to the controller 10 can be obtained directly from the generator set 205 or from the second low-voltage battery 206. After the generator set 205 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, it will output DC power. The second low-voltage battery 206 is connected to the generator set 205. When there is surplus electrical energy output by the generator set 205 (i.e., when the load demand of the vehicle's electrical system is less than the power generation of the generator set), the current will flow to the second low-voltage battery 206. The second low-voltage battery 206 will convert electrical energy into chemical energy through internal chemical reaction and store it.

[0124] When the vehicle is running, the controller 10 requires a stable power supply to maintain its normal operation, and the second low-voltage battery supplies power to it according to the controller's needs.

[0125] When the controller needs electrical energy, the chemical energy inside the second low-voltage battery 206 is converted back into electrical energy through a chemical reaction, and the DC power is output to power the controller 10. At this time, the chemical substances inside the battery will undergo a reverse reaction. For example, the lead-acid battery will convert lead sulfate and water back into sulfuric acid, lead plates and oxygen, while releasing electrons to form an electric current.

[0126] The second low-voltage battery 206 can provide stable voltage and current to meet the power stability requirements of the controller 10. Even if the output voltage of the generator set 205 fluctuates or temporarily stops working, the second low-voltage battery can continue to supply power to the controller 10 for a certain period of time to ensure the normal operation of the controller and thus ensure that various functions of the vehicle are maintained, such as the electronic control of the engine and the control of the vehicle's safety system.

[0127] This application discloses a power supply device for a vehicle. By integrating the power supply circuit into the controller, the power supply circuit can dynamically adjust and output the target voltage adapted to the load directly according to the output voltage of the power module. This can achieve the output of adapted voltage for different types of loads, meet the power needs of different loads, and provide convenience for users.

[0128] Figure 6 shows a structural block diagram of a vehicle 50 provided in this application. The vehicle 50 includes a controller 10 as described above or a vehicle power supply device 40.

[0129] As the device embodiment is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and relevant parts can be found in the description of the method embodiment.

[0130] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0131] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the element.

[0133] The controller, vehicle power supply device, and vehicle provided in this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A controller (10), characterized in that, include: The power supply circuit (101) has an input terminal for connecting to an external power module (20) and an output terminal for connecting to an external load (30). The power supply circuit (101) is used to output a target voltage adapted to the load (30) according to the output voltage of the power module (20).

2. The controller (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply circuit (101) includes multiple circuits, and the target voltage output by the multiple power supply circuits (101) is different.

3. The controller (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The power supply circuit (101) includes a first power supply circuit (1011), and the first power supply circuit (1011) includes a first voltage conversion element (10111); The first voltage conversion element (10111) is used to convert the output voltage into a first target voltage, which is different from the output voltage.

4. The controller (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply circuit (101) includes a second power supply circuit (1012), and the second power supply circuit (1012) includes a second voltage conversion element (10121); The second voltage conversion element (10121) is used to convert the output voltage into a second target voltage, which is different from the first target voltage.

5. The controller (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power supply circuit (101) further includes a third power supply circuit (1013), which is partially multiplexed with the first power supply circuit (1011). The circuit multiplexed by the third power supply circuit (1013) and the first power supply circuit (1011) includes the first voltage conversion element (10111). The circuits of the third power supply circuit (1013) and the first power supply circuit (1011) that do not overlap include the third voltage conversion element (10131), which is connected to the first voltage conversion element (10111). The third voltage conversion element (10131) is used to convert the first target voltage into a third target voltage, which is different from the first target voltage.

6. The controller (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first target voltage is less than the output voltage, and the third target voltage is less than the first target voltage.

7. The controller (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply circuit (101) includes a fourth power supply circuit (1014), which is used to output a fourth target voltage, which is equal to the output voltage.

8. The controller (10) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The target voltage is at least one of 48V, 24V, 12V, 8.5V, 5V, and 3.3V, and the output voltage is 48V.

9. The controller (10) according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The power supply circuit (101) includes a circuit protection element (A1); The circuit protection element (A1) is used to cut off the power supply circuit (101) when the current of the power supply circuit (101) exceeds a threshold.

10. The controller (10) according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The controller (10) is a domain controller (10).

11. The controller (10) according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, Some or all of the components in the power supply circuit (101) are integrated on the circuit board of the controller (10).

12. A power supply device (40) for a vehicle (50), characterized in that, Includes the controller (10) as described in any one of claims 1-11.

13. The power supply device (40) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The power supply device (40) also includes a power module (20).

14. The power supply device (40) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The power module (20) includes: Power battery (201), used to output power voltage; A voltage converter (202) is connected to the power battery (201) and the controller (10) respectively, and is used to convert the power voltage into the output voltage and output it to the controller (10).

15. The power supply device (40) according to claim 14, characterized in that, The power module (20) also includes: A first low-voltage battery (203) is connected to the voltage converter (202) and the controller (10) respectively, and is used to supply power to the controller (10) using the output voltage.

16. The power supply device (40) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The power module (20) includes: An engine (204) is used to convert the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy; The generator set (205) is connected to the engine (204) and the controller (10) respectively, and is used to convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy to obtain the output voltage and output it to the controller (10).

17. The power supply device (40) according to claim 16, characterized in that, The power module (20) also includes: The second low-voltage battery (206) is connected to the generator set (205) and the controller (10) respectively, and is used to supply power to the controller (10) using the output voltage.

18. A vehicle (50), characterized in that, The vehicle (50) includes a controller (10) as described in any one of claims 1-11 or a power supply device (40) for the vehicle (50) as described in any one of claims 12-17.

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