Full-duplex antennas, communication apparatus and system

Abstract

A full-duplex antenna (300), comprising: a primary reflector (310); an isolation plate (320), which is arranged on a reflective curved surface of the primary reflector (310) and divides the reflective curved surface of the primary reflector (310) into a first reflective curved surface and a second reflective curved surface; and a transmitting feed source (331), a receiving feed source (332), a first secondary reflector (340) and a second secondary reflector (350), wherein a reflective curved surface of the first secondary reflector (340) and / or the second secondary reflector (350) is a concave surface obtained by cutting a first portion from an ellipsoid, and the first portion is contained in a semi-ellipsoid obtained by cutting the ellipsoid along a plane passing through the major axis.

Description

A full-duplex antenna, communication device and system

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202510480744.6, filed on April 16, 2025, entitled "A Full-Duplex Antenna, Communication Device and System", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of wireless communication, and more particularly to a full-duplex antenna, communication device, and system. Background Technology

[0003] Traditional communication systems mostly use half-duplex operation, which means that signals are transmitted and received separately using different frequency or time resources to achieve communication. This method can effectively avoid signal interference between transmission and reception, but it will waste spectrum or time resources and limit the channel bandwidth and communication rate of the communication system.

[0004] However, when using full-duplex operation, there is a loop noise problem. The loop noise problem refers to the situation where simultaneously receiving and transmitting signals of the same frequency causes the transmitted signal to be received by the receiving antenna at the local end. Since the distance between the local receiving antenna and the local transmitting antenna is much smaller than the distance between the local receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna at the remote end, the loop noise power is often much greater than the useful signal power, thus making full-duplex communication difficult to achieve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a full-duplex antenna, communication device, and system that can better isolate loopback noise and improve the quality of full-duplex communication.

[0006] In a first aspect, a full-duplex antenna is provided, comprising: a main reflector; an isolation plate disposed on the reflective surface of the main reflector and dividing the reflective surface of the main reflector into a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface; a transmit feed, a receive feed, a first secondary reflector and a second secondary reflector, wherein the first secondary reflector, the transmit feed and the first reflective surface are located on a first side of the isolation plate, and the second secondary reflector, the receive feed and the second reflective surface are located on a second side of the isolation plate, wherein the reflective surface of the first secondary reflector and / or the second secondary reflector is a concave surface obtained by truncating a first portion of an ellipsoid, the first portion being contained in a semi-ellipsoid truncated along the plane containing the major axis of the ellipsoid.

[0007] Based on the above scheme, by setting up two feeds and a sub-reflector, and using an isolator to isolate loop noise, signals can be transmitted and received simultaneously at the same frequency, achieving full-duplex communication, saving frequency and time domain resources, and improving channel capacity. Furthermore, the ellipsoidal sub-reflector is better suited for low-frequency communication scenarios, making the antenna aperture energy distribution more uniform at low frequencies or low gain. It can also reduce the inconsistency between the two polarizations in dual-polarization communication, thereby improving the communication quality of low-frequency communication. Simultaneously, the ellipsoidal mirror provides better containment for the feed, reducing the impact of the isolator on the feed signal and further weakening loop noise. This allows the feed to generate less interference even with a smaller distance between it and the isolator, helping to reduce the overall size of the antenna.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first reflector is used to reflect the first electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the transmitting feed to the first reflecting surface, and the second reflector is used to reflect the second electromagnetic wave signal received through the second reflecting surface to the receiving feed.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first reflective surface corresponds to a first optical focal point, the second reflective surface corresponds to a second optical focal point, and the first optical focal point is different from the second optical focal point; the reflective surface of the first sub-mirror corresponds to a third optical focal point, and the third optical focal point coincides with the first optical focal point; the reflective surface of the second sub-mirror corresponds to a fourth optical focal point, and the fourth optical focal point coincides with the second optical focal point.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, the optical focus of the primary reflector and the optical focus of the secondary reflector coincide. For the transmitting feed, the beam generated by the primary reflector and the secondary reflector are reflected by the primary reflector and the secondary reflector, resulting in a better parallelism of the beam, thereby reducing beam deflection and improving the gain and aperture efficiency of the transmitting beam. For the receiving feed, the beam is transmitted from the outside to the primary reflector and reflected by the primary reflector and the secondary reflector, which can be better focused on the feed, thereby improving the gain and aperture efficiency of the receiving beam.

[0011] In a second aspect, a full-duplex antenna is provided, comprising: a main reflector, the reflective surface of which corresponds to a first optical focus and a second optical focus, the first optical focus being different from the second optical focus; an isolator plate disposed on the reflective surface of the main reflector and dividing the reflective surface of the main reflector into a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface; a transmit feed, a receive feed, a first sub-reflector and a second sub-reflector, the first sub-reflector, the transmit feed and the first reflective surface being located on a first side of the isolator plate, the second sub-reflector, the receive feed and the second reflective surface being located on a second side of the isolator plate, the reflective surface of the first sub-reflector corresponding to a third optical focus, the third optical focus coinciding with the first optical focus, and the reflective surface of the second sub-reflector corresponding to a fourth optical focus, the fourth optical focus coinciding with the second optical focus.

[0012] Based on the above scheme, by setting up two feeds and a sub-reflector, and using an isolation plate to isolate loop noise, signals can be transmitted and received simultaneously at the same frequency, achieving full-duplex communication, saving frequency and time domain resources, and increasing channel capacity. Furthermore, the main reflector is designed with two optical focal points, which avoids structural interference between the sub-reflectors when they are placed based on the optical focal points of the main reflector. It also allows for a larger distance between the two feeds, thereby improving the isolation between the feeds and further enhancing the communication quality of full-duplex communication.

[0013] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first reflector is used to reflect the first electromagnetic wave signal emitted by the transmitting feed to the first reflecting surface, and the second reflector is used to reflect the second electromagnetic wave signal received through the second reflecting surface to the receiving feed.

[0014] In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reflecting surface of the first reflector and / or the second reflector is a concave surface obtained by truncating a first portion of an ellipsoid, the first portion being contained in a semi-ellipsoid truncated along the plane containing the major axis of the ellipsoid.

[0015] For the technical effects of the above methods, please refer to the first aspect, which will not be repeated here.

[0016] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the first reflector also corresponds to a fifth optical focus, the distance between the fifth optical focus and the transmitting feed is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the second reflector also corresponds to a sixth optical focus, the distance between the sixth optical focus and the receiving feed is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0017] Based on the above scheme, under the premise of being less than or equal to the first threshold, the positions of the transmitting feed and receiving feed can be flexibly set, improving the flexibility of antenna design.

[0018] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the first threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1λ; where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal received and / or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

[0019] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the fifth optical focus coincides with the phase center of the full-duplex antenna on the first side of the isolation plate, and the sixth optical focus coincides with the phase center of the full-duplex antenna on the second side of the isolation plate.

[0020] Based on the above scheme, the optical focus of the sub-reflector coincides with the phase center of the antenna. For the transmitting feed, the beam generated by the sub-reflector and the main reflector are reflected by the main reflector and the resulting beam has a more consistent phase and better parallelism, thereby reducing beam deflection and improving the gain and aperture efficiency of the transmitting beam. For the receiving feed, the beam is transmitted from the outside to the main reflector and is reflected by the main reflector and the sub-reflector, resulting in a more consistent phase and better convergence to the feed, thereby improving the gain and aperture efficiency of the receiving beam.

[0021] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the transmitting feed source is used to transmit the first electromagnetic wave signal, which passes through the fifth optical focus to the first reflector, is then reflected by the first reflector to the third optical focus (i.e., the first optical focus), then from the first optical focus to the first reflective surface, and then reflected by the first reflective surface to the far end; the receiving feed source is used to receive the second electromagnetic wave signal, which passes from the far end to the second reflective surface, is then reflected by the second reflector to the second optical focus (i.e., the fourth optical focus), then from the fourth optical focus to the second sub-reflector, and then reflected by the second sub-reflector to the sixth optical focus where it is received by the receiving feed source.

[0022] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the major axis of the ellipsoid is between 4λ and 9λ, and the minor axis is between 3λ and 8λ; where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal received and / or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

[0023] Based on the above scheme, on the one hand, the size of the sub-reflector can be made smaller, thereby making the reflected signal more concentrated and the beam gain higher; on the other hand, the size of the sub-reflector is not too small, which would cause the distance between the feed and the sub-reflector to be too close (for example, the sub-reflector is in the near field region of the feed), thereby reducing the possibility of feed pattern instability and further antenna beam instability.

[0024] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the reflecting surface of the first and / or the second reflector is a concave surface obtained by truncating the first portion of the ellipsoid with a cone, the cone having the transmitting feed or the receiving feed as its vertex, and the cone having the transmitting feed along the beam transmission direction or the receiving feed along the beam reception direction as its axis, and the angle between the generatrix and the elevation line of the cone being less than or equal to 90°.

[0025] For example, the angle between the generatrix and the altitude of the cone described above is 40 degrees. In this case, the area of ​​the reflective surface of the secondary reflector is relatively small, resulting in lower production costs.

[0026] For example, the angle between the generatrix and the elevation line of the cone mentioned above is 90 degrees. In this case, the sub-mirror can further enclose the feed source, thereby reducing beam leakage and improving communication performance.

[0027] For example, the angle between the generatrix and the elevation line of the cone mentioned above is 80 degrees. In this case, the secondary reflector can essentially and fully enclose the feed source, ensuring communication performance without increasing production costs, thus offering good cost-effectiveness.

[0028] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the primary reflector includes a first region, a second region, and a connecting region, the connecting region being located between the first region and the second region, the isolation plate being disposed on the connecting region, the optical focus of the first region being a first optical focus, and the optical focus of the second region being a second optical focus.

[0029] Based on the above scheme, by dividing the primary reflector into a first region and a second region and connecting them through a connecting region, the structure achieves the effect of two different optical focal points distributed in the first and second regions.

[0030] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the first and second reflectors are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, the first and second reflective surfaces are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, and the transmitting feed and the receiving feed are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate.

[0031] Based on the above scheme, the structures used for transmitting and receiving in the full-duplex antenna can be made more symmetrical, which helps to balance the performance of the antenna in transmitting and receiving, thereby improving the communication quality of full-duplex communication.

[0032] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the full-duplex antenna further includes: a first waveguide and a second waveguide, one end of the first waveguide being connected to the transmitting feed and the other end being connected to the radio frequency module, one end of the second waveguide being connected to the receiving feed and the other end being connected to the radio frequency module, wherein the radio frequency module is used to process radio frequency signals received or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

[0033] In conjunction with the first or second aspect, in some implementations of the first or second aspect, the full-duplex antenna further includes: an orthogonal mode coupler module connected between the first waveguide and the radio frequency module, and connected between the second waveguide and the radio frequency module; wherein the orthogonal mode coupler module is used to process the dual-polarized signals received or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

[0034] Based on the above scheme, the full-duplex antenna can process dual-polarized signals, and thus can be applied to dual-polarized communication scenarios to achieve a communication mode that simultaneously transmits and receives two signals, thereby improving communication efficiency.

[0035] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, including a radio frequency module and a full-duplex antenna connected to the radio frequency module as described in any implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0036] Fourthly, a communication system is provided, including a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is the communication device as described in the third aspect, and the first communication device is used for full-duplex communication with the second communication device.

[0037] Fifthly, a full-duplex communication method is provided, comprising: transmitting a first electromagnetic wave signal to a first secondary reflector via a transmitting feed source; the first secondary reflector reflecting the first electromagnetic wave signal from the transmitting feed source to a first reflective surface of a primary reflector; the first reflective surface of the primary reflector reflecting the first electromagnetic wave signal from the first secondary reflector to a far end; a second reflective surface of the primary reflector reflecting a second electromagnetic wave signal from the far end to a second secondary reflector; the second secondary reflector reflecting the second electromagnetic wave signal from the second reflective surface of the primary reflector to a receiving feed source; and the receiving feed source receiving the second electromagnetic wave signal.

[0038] For the technical effects of the fifth aspect and some of its implementations, please refer to the first or second aspect; they will not be elaborated upon here.

[0039] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in certain implementations of the fifth aspect, the reflective surface of the primary reflector corresponds to a first optical focus and a second optical focus, the first optical focus being different from the second optical focus; the reflective surface of the first secondary reflector corresponds to a third optical focus and a fifth optical focus, the third optical focus coinciding with the first optical focus, and the distance between the fifth optical focus and the transmitting feed is less than or equal to a first threshold; the reflective surface of the second secondary reflector corresponds to a fourth optical focus and a sixth optical focus, the fourth optical focus coinciding with the second optical focus, and the distance between the sixth optical focus and the receiving feed is less than or equal to the first threshold; the full-duplex communication method includes: the transmitting feed transmitting a first optical focus from the fifth optical focus to the first secondary reflector. An electromagnetic wave signal is received; the first secondary mirror reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the transmitting feed to the third optical focus, which is also the first optical focus, and then from the first optical focus to the first reflecting surface of the primary mirror; the first reflecting surface of the primary mirror reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the first secondary mirror to the far end; the second reflecting surface of the primary mirror reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the far end to the fourth optical focus, which is also the second optical focus, and then from the second optical focus to the second secondary mirror; the second secondary mirror reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the second reflecting surface of the primary mirror to the sixth optical focus, and then from the sixth optical focus to the receiving feed; the receiving feed receives the second electromagnetic wave signal.

[0040] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the reflecting surface of the sub-mirror is a concave surface obtained by cutting a first part of the ellipsoid, which is contained in a semi-ellipsoid cut along the plane containing the major axis of the ellipsoid.

[0041] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the fifth optical focus coincides with the phase center of the full-duplex antenna on the first side of the isolation plate, and the sixth optical focus coincides with the phase center of the full-duplex antenna on the second side of the isolation plate.

[0042] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the major axis of the ellipsoid is between 4λ and 9λ, and the minor axis is between 3λ and 8λ; where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal received and / or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

[0043] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the reflecting surface of the sub-mirror is a concave surface obtained by truncating the first part of the ellipsoid with a cone, the cone having the transmitting feed or the receiving feed as its vertex, and the cone having the transmitting feed along the beam transmission direction or the receiving feed along the beam reception direction as its axis, and the angle between the generatrix and the elevation line of the cone is less than or equal to 90°.

[0044] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the primary reflector includes a first region, a second region, and a connecting region, the connecting region being located between the first region and the second region, the isolation plate being disposed on the connecting region, the optical focus of the first region being a first optical focus, and the optical focus of the second region being a second optical focus.

[0045] In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first and second reflectors are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, the first and second reflective surfaces are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, and the transmitting feed and the receiving feed are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a full-duplex antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a duplex antenna 200.

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a full-duplex antenna 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the reflective surface shape of a sub-reflector provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 5 is a top view of a full-duplex antenna 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0051] Figure 6 is a side cross-sectional view of a full-duplex antenna 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0052] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a full-duplex communication method 700 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Figure 8 is a side view of a communication device 800 provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0054] Before introducing the scheme of this application, the following points should be noted.

[0055] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in the embodiments of this application is merely a description of the same field of the associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0056] The limitations described in this application, such as symmetry, parallelism, perpendicularity, coincidence, and similarity (e.g., same length, same width, etc.), are relative to the current technological level and are not absolutely strict mathematical definitions, allowing for slight deviations. For example, in some embodiments, A and B being parallel can mean that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel. In some examples, A and B being parallel means that the angle between A and B is between 0° and 20°. In some embodiments, A and B being perpendicular means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular. In some examples, A and B being perpendicular means that the angle between A and B is between 80° and 100°.

[0057] The antennas and / or antenna systems described in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), 5th Generation (5G), New Radio (NR), Future Communication Systems, inter-satellite communication, and satellite communication. The antennas and / or antenna systems described in this application can also be applied to other communication systems, which will not be detailed here.

[0058] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, some terms or concepts that may be involved in the embodiments of this application will be briefly described first.

[0059] 1. Feed source:

[0060] A feed is one of the core components of an antenna. When transmitting signals, it converts electrical signals into electromagnetic waves and transmits them to the radiator; when receiving signals, it converts the electromagnetic waves received from the radiator back into electrical signals. Feeds can be used to achieve efficient conversion between electrical signals and electromagnetic waves, control polarization (such as horizontal / vertical linear polarization or circular polarization), and impedance matching with the radiator (such as impedance matching between a 50Ω coaxial line and the radiator). Exemplarily, a feed can be in the form of a horn antenna, a dielectric-loaded antenna, a coaxial dual-band horn, or a microstrip line. For example, in a parabolic antenna, the feed can be a corrugated horn structure; further exemplarily, the feed can be located at the focal point of a reflector to direct electromagnetic waves onto the reflector surface; in a microstrip patch antenna, the feed can be a directly soldered coaxial probe.

[0061] 2. Reflector:

[0062] A reflector can also be called a reflector plate, floor, base plate, antenna panel, metal reflector, etc. Reflectors are generally made of metal plates and have an electrical effect on the antenna. For example, reflectors can be used to improve the receiving sensitivity of an antenna signal by reflecting and focusing the antenna signal onto the receiving point (such as a feed), thereby enhancing the antenna's receiving and transmitting capabilities. They also block and shield the antenna from interference from radio waves originating from the back of the reflector (in the direction opposite to the antenna's radiation direction), thus enhancing the antenna's directivity.

[0063] 3. Operating frequency band:

[0064] Also known as the resonant frequency band or communication frequency band. Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the E-band operates in the frequency range of 71 GHz to 86 GHz, or in other words, its operating frequency band includes the E-band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0065] 4. Wavelength:

[0066] The wavelength, or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming the center frequency of the B1 uplink band (resonant frequency from 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, then the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using this frequency. Not limited to the center frequency, the "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0067] 5. Antenna pattern:

[0068] Antenna radiation pattern, also known as radiation pattern, is a graphical representation of the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna's radiated field at a certain distance from the antenna (far field) as a function of direction. A two-dimensional radiation pattern is typically represented by two mutually perpendicular planar radiation patterns passing through the antenna's maximum radiation direction.

[0069] 6. Antenna gain:

[0070] Antenna gain characterizes the degree to which an antenna concentrates the radiated input power. Generally, the narrower the main lobe and the smaller the side lobes of the antenna pattern, the higher the antenna gain.

[0071] 7. Phase center:

[0072] The phase center of an antenna is the ideal point where the phase distribution of electromagnetic waves approximates that of a spherical wave when the antenna radiates or receives electromagnetic waves. In other words, the phase center is a virtual point on the antenna where the phase change of electromagnetic waves originating from or converging at this point is uniform and symmetrical.

[0073] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] Traditional communication systems mostly employ half-duplex operation, where transmission and reception utilize different frequency or time resources to achieve signal communication. This method effectively avoids signal interference between transmission and reception, but it wastes spectrum or time resources, limiting the channel bandwidth and communication rate of the communication system. With the development of communication technology, the requirements for communication efficiency are increasing. Therefore, the aforementioned communication systems need to achieve simultaneous, same-frequency, full-duplex operation to significantly improve the channel capacity of the communication system.

[0075] However, full-duplex technology suffers from loopback noise when applied in wireless communication systems. Loopback noise occurs when simultaneously receiving and transmitting signals at the same frequency, causing the transmitted signal to be received by the local receiving antenna. Because the distance between the local receiving antenna and the local transmitting antenna is much smaller than that between the transmitting antenna and the remote antenna, the loopback noise power is typically much greater than the useful signal power. Excessive loopback noise can cause RF devices to exceed their linear operating range, leading to nonlinear characteristics and errors in loopback channel estimation, making loopback noise interference difficult to eliminate.

[0076] The full-duplex antenna provided in this application embodiment can be used in point-to-point microwave transmission or relay communication scenarios. To facilitate understanding of the full-duplex antenna, its application scenarios will be briefly explained below.

[0077] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario for a full-duplex antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 1, during signal transmission between two full-duplex antennas, the transmit beam of the transmitting antenna 110 of one full-duplex antenna is transmitted to the receiving antenna 120 of the other full-duplex antenna. The transmit beam of the transmitting antenna at the local end can also be received by the receiving antenna at the local end; this phenomenon is called local leakage. The existence of local leakage leads to loopback noise, causing interference to the received signal at the local end. To reduce the impact of local leakage on the received signal, a full-duplex antenna can be used, as described below with reference to Figure 2.

[0078] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a full-duplex antenna 200. As shown in Figure 2, the full-duplex antenna 200 includes a main reflector 210, an isolation plate 220, two sub-reflectors 230, and two feed sources 240. The main reflector 210 is a parabolic spherical mirror, and its structure can be equivalent to being formed by parabolic rotation. The isolation plate 220 is disposed on the reflecting surface of the main reflector 210, perpendicular to the aperture of the main reflector 210, and passing through the axis of the main reflector 210. The two sub-reflectors 230 are located on both sides of the isolation plate 220, and both sub-reflectors 230 are hyperboloidal spherical mirrors, whose structure can be equivalent to being formed by hyperbolic rotation. The two feed sources 240 are located on both sides of the isolation plate 220, one being a transmitting feed source for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals, and the other a receiving feed source for receiving electromagnetic wave signals.

[0079] The above-mentioned full-duplex antenna structure has two feed sources, which can simultaneously receive and transmit electromagnetic wave signals at the same frequency. Furthermore, by setting an isolation plate between the two feed sources, mutual interference of electromagnetic wave signals between the two feed sources is blocked, and leakage at this end is suppressed.

[0080] The aforementioned full-duplex antennas, when used in the E-band (typically between 71 GHz and 86 GHz), can reduce loopback noise and achieve high-quality full-duplex communication. However, some problems arise when used in lower frequency bands (such as between 6 GHz and 11 GHz).

[0081] First, the lower the frequency band, the longer the wavelength. Therefore, applying the aforementioned full-duplex antenna to the low-frequency band would result in an excessively large antenna size, making it difficult to deploy and use. For example, in the low-frequency band of 6 GHz, the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal is approximately 0.05 m. If the sub-reflector is designed to be 30λ (where λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal), the actual size of the sub-reflector would need to be approximately 1.5 m.

[0082] Secondly, Table 1 shows the parameter performance of the above-mentioned full-duplex antenna when applied to low-frequency dual-polarization communication scenarios. Here, Mode 1 refers to the horizontally polarized beam in dual-polarization, Mode 2 refers to the vertically polarized beam, the main direction refers to the actual transmit / receive direction of the beam (the ideal direction is perpendicular to the antenna aperture direction, denoted as 0°), and aperture efficiency refers to the ratio of the antenna's effective area used for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves to the actual physical aperture area of ​​the antenna. As shown in Table 1, the aperture efficiency of the above-mentioned full-duplex antenna is relatively low when applied to low-frequency dual-polarization communication scenarios. Furthermore, both polarization directions of the beam are deflected, and the deflected beam directions differ significantly, leading to difficulties in beam alignment and a certain gain loss.

[0083] Table 1

[0084] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a full-duplex antenna 300, which differs from the full-duplex antenna 200. This antenna isolates loopback noise and simultaneously transmits and receives signals at the same frequency, enabling full-duplex communication. Furthermore, its antenna structure is better suited for low-frequency communication scenarios and reduces the overall size of the antenna. The full-duplex antenna 300 provided in this application embodiment will be described below with reference to Figure 3.

[0085] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a full-duplex antenna 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the full-duplex antenna 300 includes a main reflector 310, an isolation plate 320, a feed tube 330, a first secondary reflector 340, and a second secondary reflector 350. The isolation plate 320 and the feed tube 330 are both disposed on the reflective surface of the main reflector 310, and there are two feed tubes, respectively disposed on both sides of the isolation plate. One feed tube includes a transmitting feed 331, and the other includes a receiving feed 332. The side of the isolation plate where the transmitting feed is located is designated as the first side of the isolation plate, and the side where the receiving feed is located is designated as the second side of the isolation plate. The first secondary reflector 340 is disposed on the first side of the isolation plate, and the second secondary reflector 350 is disposed on the second side of the isolation plate.

[0086] The main reflector 310 receives electromagnetic wave signals from a distant location and reflects them to other components of the full-duplex antenna 300. It also reflects electromagnetic wave signals from the full-duplex antenna 300 back to the distant location, thus transmitting signals to the distant location. The transmitting feed 331 transmits electromagnetic wave signals. The receiving feed 332 receives electromagnetic wave signals. The first secondary reflector 340 reflects the electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the transmitting feed 331 back to the main reflector 310. The second secondary reflector 350 reflects the electromagnetic wave signals received by the main reflector 310 back to the receiving feed 332. The isolator 320 separates the transmitting feed 331 from the receiving feed 332 and separates the first secondary reflector 340 from the second secondary reflector 350, thereby reducing loopback noise during electromagnetic wave signal transmission between the two feeds.

[0087] For example, the reflecting surfaces of the first and / or second reflectors are ellipsoidal mirrors. An ellipsoidal mirror is a reflector whose shape is a concave surface formed by cutting a portion (which may be referred to as the first portion) from an ellipsoid.

[0088] For example, both the first and second reflectors are ellipsoidal mirrors, and the parameters (such as size, material, shape, etc.) of the first and second reflectors are the same or similar.

[0089] For another example, both the first and second reflectors are ellipsoidal mirrors, but the parameters (such as size, material, shape, etc.) of the first and second reflectors are different.

[0090] For another example, in the first and second reflectors, one of the reflectors is an ellipsoidal mirror, while the other reflector has a different shape. For instance, the reflector of the other reflector could be a curved surface with a single optical focus (such as a concave surface of a sphere, a paraboloid of revolution, etc.). Alternatively, the reflector of the other reflector could also be a curved surface with multiple optical focuses, such as a hyperboloid of revolution, an elliptic cylinder, or a hyperboloidal cylinder.

[0091] For example, the shape of the ellipsoidal mirror may be a semi-ellipsoid intercepted by the plane containing the major axis of the ellipsoid, or a portion thereof.

[0092] It should be noted that the ellipsoid described in the embodiments of this application refers to a geometric body obtained by rotating an ellipse with its major axis as the axis of rotation, and the major axis of the ellipsoid refers to the major axis of the ellipse, and the minor axis of the ellipsoid refers to the minor axis of the ellipse.

[0093] For example, as shown in FIG3, the isolation plate 320 is a flat plate structure, and the isolation plate 320 is perpendicular to the aperture of the main reflector 310.

[0094] For example, the isolation plate 320 divides the reflective surface of the main reflector 310 into a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, with the first reflective surface located on the first side of the isolation plate and the second reflective surface located on the second side of the isolation plate.

[0095] For example, the first and second reflective surfaces are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, or mirror-image arranged. The first auxiliary reflector 340 and the second auxiliary reflector 350 are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, or mirror-image arranged. The transmitting feed 331 and the receiving feed 332 are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, or mirror-image arranged. It should be understood that the above-described symmetrical or mirror-image arrangement allows for certain manufacturing errors.

[0096] As a possible implementation, the transmitting feed 331 and the receiving feed 332 are circular beam or elliptical beam feed antennas. For example, the feed forms of the transmitting feed 331 and the receiving feed 332 can be horn antennas, dielectric-loaded antennas, or coaxial dual-band horns, etc.

[0097] Optionally, the feed tube 330 also includes a waveguide 333, which is connected to the transmitting feed 331 and the receiving feed 332 respectively, for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals from other processing modules of the full-duplex antenna (such as radio frequency modules) to the transmitting feed 331 for transmission, or for transmitting electromagnetic wave signals received from the receiving feed 332 to other processing modules of the full-duplex antenna (such as radio frequency modules).

[0098] The sub-reflector that can be used in the full-duplex antenna 300 will be further explained below with reference to Figure 4.

[0099] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the reflective surface shape of a secondary reflector provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the reflective surface shape of the secondary reflector (first secondary reflector 340 or second secondary reflector 350) is a concave surface obtained by cutting a portion of the ellipsoid 410.

[0100] For ease of understanding, Figure 4 uses an example where the major axis of the ellipsoid is along the horizontal direction and the minor axis is along the vertical direction. The major axis of the ellipsoid can also be along other directions, such as along a direction that forms a first angle with the horizontal direction, where the value of the first angle can be between 0 and 90 degrees, or other angles. This application does not limit this.

[0101] As one possible implementation, the reflective surface of the sub-reflector is a concave surface obtained by truncating a portion of an ellipsoid with a cone. For example, this cone is a cone with the feed source (transmit feed source 331 or receive feed source 332) as its vertex. The feed source as the vertex is defined by the geometric center of the feed source, the phase center of the antenna, or the transmission / reception center of the electromagnetic wave signal. Further, the cone has its axis along the beam transmission direction of the transmit feed source, or along the beam reception direction of the receive feed source.

[0102] For example, the angle between the generatrix and the altitude of the cone is α, and the degree of α is less than or equal to 90 degrees.

[0103] For example, the angle between the generatrix and the altitude of the cone described above is 40 degrees. In this case, the area of ​​the reflective surface of the secondary reflector is relatively small, resulting in lower production costs.

[0104] For example, the angle between the generatrix and the elevation line of the cone mentioned above is 90 degrees. In this case, the sub-mirror can further enclose the feed source, thereby reducing beam leakage and improving communication performance.

[0105] For example, the angle between the generatrix and the elevation line of the cone mentioned above is 80 degrees. In this case, the secondary reflector can essentially and fully enclose the feed source, ensuring communication performance without increasing production costs, thus offering good cost-effectiveness.

[0106] As one possible implementation, the major axis of the ellipsoid corresponding to the sub-reflector is between 4λ and 9λ, and the minor axis is between 3λ and 8λ. Here, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal received and / or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna provided in this embodiment. For example, in the 6 GHz operating frequency band, the wavelength λ of the electromagnetic wave signal is approximately 0.05 m.

[0107] For example, the length of the major axis is 4λ and the length of the minor axis is 3λ. In this case, the actual size of the sub-reflector can be smaller, resulting in a higher concentration of the reflected signal and a correspondingly higher gain, while also helping to reduce the overall size of the full-duplex antenna.

[0108] For another example, the length of the major axis is 9λ and the length of the minor axis is 8λ. In this case, the actual size of the sub-reflector is relatively large, so that the distance between the feed and the sub-reflector is not too close (for example, the sub-reflector is in the near field region of the feed), thereby reducing the possibility of feed pattern instability and further antenna beam instability.

[0109] For another example, the length of the major axis is 7λ, and the length of the minor axis is 6λ. In this case, the actual size of the sub-reflector can be appropriately balanced, taking into account antenna gain, overall antenna size, and antenna beam stability.

[0110] For example, the reflecting surface of the sub-mirror can also be other shapes. For instance, the reflecting surface of the sub-mirror can also be a curved surface with one optical focus, such as a concave surface of a sphere, a paraboloid of revolution, etc. As another example, the shape of the reflecting surface of the sub-mirror can also be a curved surface with multiple optical focuses, such as a hyperboloid of revolution, an elliptic cylinder, a hyperboloid cylinder, etc.

[0111] Figure 5 is a top view of a full-duplex antenna 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, the main reflector includes a first region 311, a second region 312, and a connecting region 312. The connecting region 312 is located between the first region 311 and the second region 312. An isolation plate 320 is disposed on the connecting region. The first secondary reflector 340 and the transmitting feed 331 (not shown in the figure) are located on the same side (first side) of the isolation plate 320 as the first region 311. The second secondary reflector 350 and the receiving feed 332 (not shown in the figure) are located on the same side (second side) of the isolation plate 320 as the second region 312.

[0112] For example, the reflective surface of the primary mirror corresponds to two different optical focal points. As one possible implementation, a first region 311 is used to form a first optical focal point, and a second region 312 is used to form a second optical focal point. For instance, if the shape of the first region 311 is half of a paraboloid of revolution along its axis, then the first optical focal point is the optical focal point of that half of the paraboloid of revolution; and if the shape of the second region 312 is the other half of a paraboloid of revolution along its axis, then the second optical focal point is the optical focal point of that other half of the paraboloid of revolution.

[0113] In this context, the optical focus corresponding to the reflecting surface of the primary mirror refers to the geometric focus inherent to the shape of the reflecting surface. For example, if the shape of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror is a paraboloid of revolution, it has one corresponding optical focus, which is the geometric focus of that paraboloid of revolution. As another example, if the shape of the reflecting surface of the primary mirror is two semi-paraboloids of revolution connected by an extension segment, it has two corresponding optical focuses, which are the geometric focuses of each semi-paraboloid of revolution.

[0114] It should be understood that the optical focal points corresponding to the reflective surfaces described in other parts of the embodiments of this application are similar (such as the optical focal points corresponding to the sub-reflector), and will not be repeated here.

[0115] Furthermore, the first region 311 and the second region 312 can also be other shapes, as long as the first region has a first optical focus, the second region has a second optical focus, and the first optical focus and the second optical focus are different (i.e., their spatial positions do not coincide). For example, the first region 311 can be a quarter sphere or a quarter ellipsoid, and the second region can also be a quarter sphere or a quarter ellipsoid, etc.

[0116] In one possible implementation, the connecting region 312 is an extended surface extending along the edge of the paraboloid of revolution, connecting the first region 311 and the second region 312, which are half the shape of the paraboloid of revolution. Alternatively, the connecting region 312 can be a plane or curved surface of other shapes. For example, a rectangular plane, a regular or irregular smooth surface, a non-smooth surface, etc., can be adjusted according to the shapes of the first region 311 and the second region 312, as long as it corresponds to the shapes of the first region 311 and the second region 312 to connect them. This application does not limit this.

[0117] As one possible implementation, the first region 311, the second region 312, and the connecting region 313 of the primary reflector can be integrally formed, or they can be processed separately and then connected to each other. For example, the connection method can be bonding, welding, or structural fitting.

[0118] The foregoing section introduced a full-duplex antenna provided in the embodiments of this application. Using an ellipsoidal sub-reflector, it is better suited for low-frequency communication scenarios, resulting in a more uniform energy distribution across the antenna aperture at low frequencies or low gain. Furthermore, it reduces inconsistencies between the two polarizations in dual-polarization communication, thereby improving the communication quality of low-frequency communication. Simultaneously, the ellipsoidal mirror provides better containment of the feed source, reducing the impact of the isolation plate on the feed source signal. This allows the feed source to generate minimal interference even with a smaller distance between it and the isolation plate, contributing to a reduction in the overall antenna size.

[0119] Next, another full-duplex antenna provided in the embodiments of this application will be introduced. It should be noted that for the parts of the other full-duplex antenna that are not described in detail, please refer to the relevant description of the aforementioned full-duplex antenna 300, which will not be repeated below.

[0120] Figure 6 is a side cross-sectional view of a full-duplex antenna 600 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0121] As shown in Figure 6, the full-duplex antenna 600 includes a main reflector 610, an isolation plate 620, a feed tube 630, a first auxiliary reflector 640, and a second auxiliary reflector 650. The isolation plate 620 and the feed tube 630 are both disposed on the reflective surface of the main reflector 610, and there are two feed tubes, one on each side of the isolation plate. One feed tube includes a transmitting feed 631, and the other includes a receiving feed 632. The side containing the transmitting feed is designated as the first side of the isolation plate, and the side containing the receiving feed is designated as the second side. The first auxiliary reflector 640 is disposed on the first side of the isolation plate, and the second auxiliary reflector 650 is disposed on the second side of the isolation plate.

[0122] The primary reflector 610 corresponds to two non-coincident optical focal points, namely the first optical focal point 601 and the second optical focal point 602. The first secondary reflector 640 corresponds to the third optical focal point 603, and the second secondary reflector 650 corresponds to the fourth optical focal point 604. The third optical focal point 603 of the first secondary reflector 640 coincides spatially with the first optical focal point 601 of the primary reflector 610, and the fourth optical focal point 604 of the second secondary reflector 650 coincides spatially with the second optical focal point 602 of the primary reflector 610.

[0123] It should be understood that the above-mentioned overlap or spatial overlap is allowed to have a certain amount of processing error, and the same applies to the following text, which will not be repeated here.

[0124] For example, the first reflector 640 also corresponds to a fifth optical focus 605, and the distance of the fifth optical focus 605 from the transmitting feed 331 is less than or equal to a first threshold; the second reflector 650 also corresponds to a sixth optical focus 606, and the distance of the sixth optical focus 606 from the receiving feed 332 is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0125] For example, the first threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1λ. For instance, the first threshold can be equal to 0 or a small value close to 0, in which case the fifth optical focus 605 should coincide with or approximately coincide with the transmitting feed 331, and the sixth optical focus 606 should coincide with or approximately coincide with the receiving feed 332. As another example, the first threshold can be 1λ, in which case a certain distance is allowed between the optical focus and the feed. As yet another example, the first threshold can be related to the phase center of the antenna; for example, the first threshold is approximately equal to the distance between the phase center and the feed.

[0126] In one possible implementation, the fifth optical focus 605 coincides with the antenna phase center of the full-duplex antenna 600 on the first side of the isolation plate 620 (the side where the transmitting feed 331 is located), and the sixth optical focus 606 coincides with the antenna phase center of the full-duplex antenna 600 on the second side of the isolation plate 620 (the side where the receiving feed 332 is located). In this case, for the transmitting feed, the beam generated by it, after being reflected by the sub-mirror and the primary mirror, forms a beam with more consistent phase and better parallelism, thereby reducing beam deflection and improving the gain and aperture efficiency of the transmitting beam; for the receiving feed, the beam transmitted from the outside to the primary mirror and reflected by the primary mirror and the sub-mirror has a more consistent phase and can be better focused at the feed, thereby improving the gain and aperture efficiency of the receiving beam.

[0127] For example, the first reflector 640 can rotate in any direction without exceeding an angle β around the third optical focus 603 as the center of rotation. In this case, the third optical focus 603 can always coincide with the first optical focus 601 of the main reflector 610 during rotation. The second reflector 650 can rotate in any direction without exceeding an angle β around the fourth optical focus 604 as the center of rotation. In this case, the fourth optical focus 604 can always coincide with the second optical focus 602 of the main reflector 610 during rotation. As an example, the value of angle β is between -20° and 20° (inclusive). As a further example, the full-duplex antenna 600 also includes a rotation mechanism, to which the first reflector 640 and the second reflector 650 are respectively connected. The rotation mechanism is used to rotate the first reflector 640 and the second reflector 650 in the manner described above.

[0128] This application also provides a full-duplex communication method, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0129] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a full-duplex communication method 700 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 7, method 700 includes:

[0130] S701, the transmitting feed emits the first electromagnetic wave signal to the first secondary reflector.

[0131] In a preferred embodiment, the transmitting feed emits a first electromagnetic wave signal to the first sub-mirror via the fifth optical focus. In this case, the propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal is more concentrated, which helps to improve communication performance. It should be noted that the first electromagnetic wave signal may also propagate to the first sub-mirror through other means instead of via the fifth optical focus, and this application does not limit this.

[0132] S702, the first reflector reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the transmitting feed to the first reflecting surface of the main reflector.

[0133] As a preferred implementation, the first reflector reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the transmitting feed to the third optical focus, which is also the first optical focus, and then from the first optical focus to the first reflecting surface of the main reflector. In this case, the propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal is more concentrated, which helps to improve communication performance. It should be noted that the first electromagnetic wave signal may also propagate to the first reflecting surface through other means instead of via the third optical focus, and this application does not limit this.

[0134] S703, the first reflecting surface of the primary reflector reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the first secondary reflector to the far end.

[0135] S704, the second reflecting surface of the primary reflector reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the far end to the second secondary reflector.

[0136] As a preferred implementation, the second reflective surface of the primary reflector reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the distant end to the fourth optical focus, i.e., the second optical focus, and then from the second optical focus to the second sub-reflector. In this case, the propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal is more concentrated, which helps to improve communication performance. It should be noted that the second electromagnetic wave signal may also propagate to the second sub-reflector through other means instead of via the second optical focus, and this application does not limit this.

[0137] S705, the second reflector reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the second reflective surface of the future autonomous reflector to the receiving feed.

[0138] In a preferred embodiment, the second reflector reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the second reflecting surface of the future autonomous reflector to the sixth optical focus, and then from the sixth optical focus to the receiving feed. In this case, the propagation of the electromagnetic wave signal is more concentrated, which helps to improve communication performance. It should be noted that the second electromagnetic wave signal may also propagate to the receiving feed through other means instead of via the sixth optical focus, and this application does not limit this.

[0139] S706, the receiver feeder receives the second electromagnetic wave signal.

[0140] Steps S701, S702, and S703 should be executed sequentially; for ease of explanation, these steps are referred to as the transmitting steps. Steps S704, S705, and S706 should be executed sequentially; for ease of explanation, these steps are referred to as the receiving steps. There is no restriction on the execution order between the transmitting and receiving steps. For example, the transmitting step can be executed first, followed by the receiving step; or the receiving step can be executed first, followed by the transmitting step; or the transmitting and receiving steps can be executed simultaneously.

[0141] For example, the full-duplex communication method 700 can be applied to the full-duplex antenna 300 or the full-duplex antenna 600 described above.

[0142] It should be understood that the first electromagnetic wave signal described in the different methods and steps above may not be exactly the same due to multiple reflections and transmissions, and the same applies to the second electromagnetic wave signal.

[0143] This application also provides a communication device, which will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0144] Figure 8 is a side view of a communication device 800 provided in an embodiment of this application. Exemplarily, as shown in Figure 8, the communication device 800 includes a full-duplex antenna 300 and a radio frequency (RF) module 810 as described above. The RF module 810 is used to process the RF signals received or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna 300. For example, in a signal transmission scenario, the RF module 810 is used to modulate the signal to be transmitted onto an RF carrier, amplify its power, etc., thereby ensuring that the signal to be transmitted can be transmitted efficiently and accurately. As another example, in a signal reception scenario, the RF module 810 is used to demodulate and filter the received RF signal, thereby obtaining a useful signal.

[0145] For example, the RF module 810 is directly or indirectly connected to the waveguide 333 of the full-duplex antenna 300, thereby realizing the signal connection or electrical connection between the RF module 810 and the transmitting feed 331 and receiving feed 332 of the full-duplex antenna 300. For example, the RF module 810 and the waveguide 333 of the full-duplex antenna 300 can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through a flexible transmission line, or other modules (such as an ortho-mode transducer (OMT) module) can be connected between the RF module 810 and the waveguide 333 of the full-duplex antenna 300, and the two are indirectly connected through other modules.

[0146] In addition, Figure 8 also shows other components that may be included in the full-duplex antenna 300 proposed in the embodiments of this application. As shown in Figure 8, as an example, the full-duplex antenna 300 includes: a main reflector 310, an isolation plate 320, a feed tube 330, a first secondary reflector 340, a second secondary reflector 350, a surrounding edge 360, an antenna cover 370, and an OMT module 380.

[0147] In one possible implementation, the OMT module 380 is disposed between the RF module 810 and the feed tube 330. The OMT module 380 is used to process the dual-polarized signals received or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna 300 when the communication device 800 is used in a dual-polarized communication scenario, thereby achieving simultaneous dual-polarized full-duplex communication on the same frequency. For example, the OMT module 380 is used to separate orthogonally polarized electromagnetic wave signals into two signals, or to combine two electromagnetic wave signals into an orthogonally polarized dual-polarized signal.

[0148] In one possible implementation, the full-duplex antenna 300 includes two OMT modules 380, each OMT module 380 including one antenna-side port and two device-side ports. The transmit feed 331 and receive feed 332 are dual-polarized feeds (such as dual-polarized horn feeds) and are signal-connected or electrically connected to the antenna-side ports of the OMT modules 380 via waveguides 333. The antenna-side ports are used to transmit dual-polarized signals to or receive dual-polarized signals from the full-duplex antenna 300. The two device-side ports of each OMT module 380 are connected to the radio frequency module 810, used to transmit the two orthogonally polarized electromagnetic wave signals (separated) to the radio frequency module 810 respectively, or to combine the two electromagnetic wave signals received from the radio frequency module 810 into a dual-polarized signal.

[0149] As one possible implementation, the full-duplex antenna 300 includes a perimeter 360 arranged around the edge of the main reflector 310 for structural support of the antenna, reducing leakage of electromagnetic wave energy to the sides of the antenna, and reducing mutual interference between multiple antennas.

[0150] As one possible implementation, the full-duplex antenna 300 includes an radome 370 covering the opening of the full-duplex antenna 300. In terms of electrical performance, it has good electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics and can withstand the influence of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical performance, thereby protecting the components inside the radome 370 from the influence of the external environment.

[0151] For example, the partition 320 is made of metal, and the edging 360 is also made of metal. For instance, the partition 320 or the edging 360 may be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

[0152] As a further example, the isolation plate 320 includes an absorbing material, and the surrounding edge 360 ​​also includes an absorbing material. For example, the absorbing material can be a magnetic absorbing material (such as ferrite), a dielectric absorbing material (such as carbon-based material), or a composite material combining magnetic and dielectric absorbing materials. As an example, the absorbing material is bonded to the side of the isolation plate 320 or the side of the surrounding edge 360. In this manner, the isolation plate and / or the surrounding edge can better absorb loopback noise, thereby improving the communication quality of full-duplex communication.

[0153] It should be noted that the above description of the communication device 800 uses the full-duplex antenna 300 as an example. As another possible implementation, the communication device 800 includes a full-duplex antenna 600. The specific scheme is similar to the case above which includes the full-duplex antenna 300. Please refer to the above description. It will not be repeated here.

[0154] This application also provides a communication system comprising multiple communication devices as described above. Taking a communication system including a first communication device and a second communication device as an example, the first and second communication devices are capable of point-to-point, simultaneous, full-duplex microwave communication at the same frequency. The first and second communication devices are communication devices including the full-duplex antenna 300 described above (such as the communication device 800 described above, or other devices including the full-duplex antenna 300), and the first and second communication devices can have the same, similar, or different structures, as long as they meet the requirements for full-duplex communication. For example, the first and second communication devices can be microwave stations, such as terminal stations, relay stations, hub stations, branch stations, or monitoring stations.

[0155] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0156] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0157] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0158] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0159] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0160] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A full duplex antenna, characterized by, include: Primary reflector; An isolation plate is disposed on the reflective surface of the main reflector, and divides the reflective surface of the main reflector into a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface; The system includes a transmitting feed, a receiving feed, a first secondary reflector, and a second secondary reflector. The first secondary reflector, the transmitting feed, and the first reflecting surface are located on the first side of the isolation plate, while the second secondary reflector, the receiving feed, and the second reflecting surface are located on the second side of the isolation plate. The reflecting surface of the first secondary reflector and / or the second secondary reflector is a concave surface obtained by truncating a first portion of an ellipsoid, which is contained within a semi-ellipsoid truncated along the plane containing the major axis of the ellipsoid.

2. The full-duplex antenna of claim 1, wherein, The first reflective surface corresponds to the first optical focal point, and the second reflective surface corresponds to the second optical focal point; The reflective surface of the first mirror corresponds to the third optical focal point, and the third optical focal point coincides with the first optical focal point; The reflective surface of the second mirror corresponds to the fourth optical focal point, and the fourth optical focal point coincides with the second optical focal point.

3. A full duplex antenna, characterized by include: A primary reflector, wherein the reflective surface of the primary reflector corresponds to a first optical focus and a second optical focus, the first optical focus being different from the second optical focus; An isolation plate is disposed on the reflective surface of the main reflector, and divides the reflective surface of the main reflector into a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface; The system includes a transmitting feed, a receiving feed, a first secondary reflector, and a second secondary reflector. The first secondary reflector, the transmitting feed, and the first reflective surface are located on the first side of the isolation plate. The second secondary reflector, the receiving feed, and the second reflective surface are located on the second side of the isolation plate. The reflective surface of the first secondary reflector corresponds to a third optical focal point, which coincides with the first optical focal point. The reflective surface of the second secondary reflector corresponds to a fourth optical focal point, which coincides with the second optical focal point.

4. The full-duplex antenna of claim 3, wherein, The reflecting surface of the first and / or the second reflector is a concave surface obtained by cutting a first part of an ellipsoid, and the first part is contained in a semi-ellipsoid cut along the plane of the major axis of the ellipsoid.

5. The full-duplex antenna of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The first secondary reflector also corresponds to a fifth optical focus, the distance between the fifth optical focus and the transmitting feed source is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the second secondary reflector also corresponds to a sixth optical focus, the distance between the sixth optical focus and the receiving feed source is less than or equal to the first threshold.

6. The full-duplex antenna of claim 5, wherein, the first threshold is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1 Wherein, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal received and / or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

7. The full-duplex antenna of claim 5 or 6, wherein, The fifth optical focus coincides with the phase center of the full-duplex antenna on the first side of the isolation plate, and the sixth optical focus coincides with the phase center of the full-duplex antenna on the second side of the isolation plate.

8. The full duplex antenna according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4 to 7, characterized in that, The major axis of the ellipsoid is between 4λ and 9λ, and the minor axis is between 3λ and 8λ. Wherein, λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave signal received and / or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

9. The full-duplex antenna of any of claims 1, 2, 4-8, wherein, The reflecting surface of the first and / or the second reflector is a concave surface obtained by cutting the first part of the ellipsoid with a cone. The cone has the transmitting feed or the receiving feed as its vertex, and the cone has the transmitting feed along the beam transmission direction or the receiving feed along the beam reception direction as its axis. The angle between the generatrix and the elevation line of the cone is less than or equal to 90°.

10. The full-duplex antenna of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The primary reflector includes a first region, a second region, and a connecting region. The connecting region is located between the first region and the second region. The isolation plate is disposed on the connecting region. The optical focus of the first region is the first optical focus, and the optical focus of the second region is the second optical focus.

11. The full-duplex antenna of any one of claims 1-10, wherein, The first and second auxiliary reflectors are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, the first and second reflective surfaces are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate, and the transmitting feed and the receiving feed are symmetrically arranged along the isolation plate.

12. The full-duplex antenna of any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The full-duplex antenna also includes: A first waveguide and a second waveguide, wherein one end of the first waveguide is connected to the transmitting feed and the other end is connected to the radio frequency module; one end of the second waveguide is connected to the receiving feed and the other end is connected to the radio frequency module. The radio frequency module is used to process the radio frequency signals received or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

13. The full-duplex antenna of claim 12, wherein, The full-duplex antenna further includes: an orthogonal mode coupler module connected between the first waveguide and the radio frequency module, and connected between the second waveguide and the radio frequency module; The orthogonal mode coupler module is used to process the dual-polarized signals received or transmitted by the full-duplex antenna.

14. A communications device, characterized by It includes a radio frequency module and a full-duplex antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 12 connected to the radio frequency module.

15. A communication system, characterized by It includes a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is the communication device as described in claim 14, and the first communication device is used to perform full-duplex communication with the second communication device.

16. A full-duplex communication method, comprising: include: The feed source transmits the first electromagnetic wave signal to the first reflector; The first secondary mirror reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the transmitting feed source to the first reflecting surface of the primary mirror; The first reflective surface of the primary reflector reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the first secondary reflector to the far end; The second reflective surface of the primary reflector reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the far end to the second secondary reflector. The second secondary mirror reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the second reflective surface of the primary mirror to the receiving feed source; The receiving feed source receives the second electromagnetic wave signal.

17. The full-duplex communication method of claim 16, wherein, The reflective surface of the primary mirror corresponds to the first optical focal point and the second optical focal point, and the first optical focal point is different from the second optical focal point; The reflective surface of the first mirror corresponds to the third optical focus and the fifth optical focus. The third optical focus and the first optical focus coincide. The distance between the fifth optical focus and the emission feed is less than or equal to the first threshold. The reflective surface of the second secondary mirror corresponds to the fourth optical focus and the sixth optical focus, the fourth optical focus and the second optical focus coincide, and the distance between the sixth optical focus and the receiving feed source is less than or equal to the first threshold. The full-duplex communication method includes: The transmitting feed source emits a first electromagnetic wave signal from the fifth optical focus toward the first secondary reflector; The first secondary mirror reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the transmitting feed source to the third optical focus, which is also the first optical focus, and then from the first optical focus to the first reflecting surface of the main mirror; The first reflective surface of the primary reflector reflects the first electromagnetic wave signal from the first secondary reflector to the far end; The second reflective surface of the primary reflector reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the far end to the fourth optical focus, which is also the second optical focus, and then from the second optical focus to the second secondary reflector; The second secondary mirror reflects the second electromagnetic wave signal from the second reflective surface of the primary mirror to the sixth optical focus, and from the sixth optical focus to the receiving feed source; The receiving feed source receives the second electromagnetic wave signal.

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