Designs of SYNC field for amp IoT in next-generation wireless communications
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2026/090922
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2025-04-16
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-22
Smart Images

Figure CN2026090922_22102026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
DESIGNS OF SYNC FIELD FOR AMP IOT IN NEXT-GENERATION WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONSCROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION
[0001] The present disclosure is part of a non-provisional patent application claiming the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 789,470 filed 16 April 2025, the content of which herein being incorporated by reference in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present disclosure is generally related to wireless communications and, more particularly, to designs of synchronization (SYNC) field for ambient power-enabled (AMP) Internet of Things (IoT) in next-generation wireless communications.BACKGROUND
[0003] Unless otherwise indicated herein, approaches described in this section are not prior art to the claims listed below and are not admitted as prior art by inclusion in this section.
[0004] In wireless communications, such as Wi-Fi (or WiFi) in wireless local area network (WLAN) systems in accordance with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards (e.g., IEEE 802.11bp) , AMP IoT has been studied for battery-free, low-cost IoT applications in next-generation wireless communications. AMP IoT devices are designed to be connected to widely deployed Wi-Fi networks in which there are two types of non-access point (non-AP) AMP stations (STAs) supported, namely: non-backscatter type and backscatter type. To support AMP IoT, new physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) formats are defined for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) transmissions, with each PPDU including an AMP synchronization (AMP-SYNC or SYNC) field that may be used for multiple purposes including timing synchronization, data rate indication for DL non-backscatter, differentiation of non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, and UL / DL indication. However, at the time of the present disclosure, details on the designs of the SYNC field have yet to be defined in the IEEE specification. Therefore, there is a need for a solution for designs of the SYNC field for AMP IoT in next-generation wireless communications.SUMMARY
[0005] The following summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. That is, the following summary is provided to introduce concepts, highlights, benefits and advantages of the novel and non-obvious techniques described herein. Select implementations are further described below in the detailed description. Thus, the following summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended for use in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
[0006] An objective of the present disclosure is to provide schemes, concepts, designs, techniques, methods and apparatuses pertaining to designs of SYNC field for AMP IoT in next-generation wireless communications. It is believed that implementations of various schemes proposed herein may address or otherwise alleviate the aforementioned issues.
[0007] In one aspect, a method may involve a first apparatus performing a wireless communication with a second apparatus. One of the first apparatus and the second apparatus may function an access point (AP) while the other of the first apparatus and the second apparatus may include an AMP IoT device that functions as an AMP non-AP STA. The wireless communication may involve transmission of either or both of a DL PPDU and an UL PPDU between the AP and the non-AP STA. A synchronization (SYNC) field in the DL PPDU may be utilized to: (a) differentiate a non-backscatter type and a backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; and (b) indicate a DL data rate. A SYNC field in the UL PPDU may be utilized to: (a) indicate DL or UL to save power for 3rd-party AMP non-AP STAs; (b) differentiate the non-backscatter type and the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; and (c) indicate a receive (RX) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement.
[0008] In another aspect, a method may involve a first apparatus performing a wireless communication with a second apparatus. One of the first apparatus and the second apparatus may function an AP while the other of the first apparatus and the second apparatus may include an AMP IoT device that functions as an AMP non-AP STA. The wireless communication may involve transmission of either or both of a DL PPDU and an UL PPDU between the AP and the non-AP STA. A total of four different base sequences may be utilized in a SYNC field in the DL PPDU and a SYNC field in the UL PPDU to differentiate a non-backscatter type and a backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs.
[0009] It is noteworthy that, although description provided herein may be in the context of certain radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as, Wi-Fi, the proposed concepts, schemes and any variation (s) / derivative (s) thereof may be implemented in, for and by other types of radio access technologies, networks and network topologies such as, for example and without limitation, Bluetooth, ZigBee, 5th Generation (5G) / New Radio (NR) , Long-Term Evolution (LTE) , LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, Internet-of-Things (IoT) , Industrial IoT (IIoT) and narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) . Thus, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the examples described herein.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the present disclosure. The drawings illustrate implementations of the disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is appreciable that the drawings are not necessarily in scale as some components may be shown to be out of proportion than the size in actual implementation to clearly illustrate the concept of the present disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example network environment in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented.
[0012] FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0013] FIG. 3 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0014] FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0015] FIG. 5 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0016] FIG. 6 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0017] FIG. 7 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0018] FIG. 8 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0019] FIG. 9 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0020] FIG. 10 is a diagram of an example design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0021] FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an example communication system under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 12 is a flowchart of an example process under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 13 is a flowchart of an example process under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0024] Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claimed subject matters are disclosed herein. However, it shall be understood that the disclosed embodiments and implementations are merely illustrative of the claimed subject matters which may be embodied in various forms. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided so that description of the present disclosure is thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the description below, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presented embodiments and implementations. Overview
[0025] Implementations in accordance with the present disclosure relate to various techniques, methods, schemes and / or solutions pertaining to designs of SYNC field for AMP IoT in next-generation wireless communications. According to the present disclosure, a number of possible solutions may be implemented separately or jointly. That is, although these possible solutions may be described below separately, two or more of these possible solutions may be implemented in one combination or another.
[0026] FIG. 1 illustrates an example network environment 100 in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented. FIG. 2 ~ FIG. 13 illustrate examples of implementation of various proposed schemes in network environment 100 in accordance with the present disclosure. The following description of various proposed schemes is provided with reference to FIG. 1 ~ FIG. 13.
[0027] Referring to part (A) of FIG. 1, network environment 100 may involve at least a station (STA) 110 communicating wirelessly with a STA 120. One of STA 110 and STA 120 may function as an access point (AP) STA while the other of STA 110 and STA 120 may function as a non-AP STA. In the present disclosure, a non-AP STA may be an AMP-enabled non-AP STA or active transmitting (TX) non-AP AMP STA. In some cases, STA 110 and STA 120 may be associated with a basic service set (BSS) in accordance with one or more IEEE 802.11 standards (e.g., IEEE 802.11bp and future-developed standards) . Each of STA 110 and STA 120 may be configured to communicate with each other by utilizing the designs of SYNC field for AMP IoT in next-generation wireless communications in accordance with various proposed schemes described below. It is noteworthy that, while the various proposed schemes may be individually or separately described below, in actual implementations some or all of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented jointly. Of course, each of the proposed schemes may be utilized or otherwise implemented individually or separately.
[0028] FIG. 2 illustrates an example design 200 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 200 may pertain to data rate and PPDU format for AMP IoT. Referring to part (A) of FIG. 2, for DL transmissions, the data rate may be 250 kilo-bits per second (250kbps) to a backscatter type of non-AP STAs; and the data rate may be 250kbps or 1 mega-bits per second (1Mbps) to a non-backscatter type of non-AP STAs. For UL transmissions, the data rate may be 250kbps or 1Mbps from a backscatter type of non-AP STAs; and the data rate may be 250kbps, 1Mbps or 4Mbps from a non-backscatter type of non-AP STAs. Part (B) of FIG. 2 shows AMP PPDU formats for DL and UL transmissions.
[0029] Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure with respect to SYNC field designs, for DL and UL transmissions, the SYNC field of a PPDU may respectively server multiple purposes. Under the proposed scheme, for DL transmissions, the SYNC field may be utilized to separate non-backscatter and backscatter AMP non-AP STAs. Additionally, the SYNC field may be utilized to indicate the data rate. Moreover, for non-backscatter, a SYNC field sequence, S, may be utilized when data rate is 250kbps, and a bitwise complementary sequence, may be utilized when data rate is 1Mbps. As the complementary of S, each bit of is the opposite of a corresponding bit in S (e.g., the bitwise complementary of a sequence of “01110101” is “10001010” ) .
[0030] Under the proposed scheme, for UL transmissions, the SYNC field may be utilized to indicate DL / UL to save power for 3rd-party non-AP AMP STAs. Moreover, the SYNC field may not be used for data rate indication since an UL transmission is only polled by an AP (and the AP ought to know the data rate for the UL transmission) . Also, consistent with DL transmissions, the SYNC field may be utilized to differentiate backscatter and non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, as well as different receiving (RX) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirements, so as to potentially save some airtime for close-range backscatters.
[0031] FIG. 3 illustrates an example design 300 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 300 may pertain to a first option (Option-1) of a SYNC field design. In design 300, for DL transmissions, there may be three different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S1, S2 and S3) to differentiate non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs and to indicate the respective data rate. Moreover, for UL transmissions, there may be two different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S4 and S5) to differentiate DL and UL transmissions as well as non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs. There is no need to indicate the data rate for UL transmissions. Thus, in design 300, there may be a total of five different base sequences (S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5) needed. Under the proposed scheme, the length of S1 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S2 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S3 may be 8 bits; the length of S4 may be 16, 24, 32 or 48 bits; and the length of S5 may be 8 or 16 bits.
[0032] FIG. 4 illustrates an example design 400 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 400 may pertain to a second option (Option-2) of a SYNC field design. In design 400, for DL transmissions, there may be three different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S1, S2 and S3) to differentiate non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs and to indicate the respective data rate. However, two sequences may be constructed from the same base sequence S1. As shown in FIG. 4, for DL transmissions with a data rate of 250kbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence S1 (or [S1 S1] ) may be utilized; and for DL transmissions with a data rate of 1Mbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence may be utilized. Here, may stand for bitwise complementary of S1, and function f may be a function such as bitwise complementary (e.g., ) or concatenation (e.g., f (S1) = [S1 S1] ) . Correspondingly, S2 = f (S1) may denote that S2 may be constructed from base sequence S1. Moreover, for UL transmissions, there may be two different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S4 and S5) to differentiate DL and UL transmissions as well as non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs. There is no need to indicate the data rate for UL transmissions. Thus, in design 400, there may be a total of four different base sequences (S1, S3, S4 and S5) needed. Under the proposed scheme, the length of S1 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S3 may be 8 bits; the length of S4 may be 16, 24, 32 or 48 bits; and the length of S5 may be 8 or 16 bits. In the above description, stands for bitwise complementary of S1; stands for bitwise complementary of S3; and stands for bitwise complementary of S4.
[0033] FIG. 5 illustrates an example design 500 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 500 may pertain to a third option (Option-3) of a SYNC field design. In design 500, for DL transmissions, there may be three different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S1, S2 and S3) to differentiate non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs and to indicate the respective data rate. However, two sequences may be constructed from the same base sequence S1. As shown in FIG. 5, for DL transmissions with a data rate of 250kbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence S2 = S1 or [S1 S1] may be utilized; and for DL transmissions with a data rate of 1Mbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence may be utilized. Moreover, for UL transmissions, there may be two different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S4 and S5) to differentiate DL and UL transmissions as well as non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, and the two sequences may be bitwise complementary with each other. Thus, in design 500, there may be a total of three different base sequences (S1, S3 and S4) needed. Under the proposed scheme, the length of S1 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S3 may be 8 bits; and the length of S4 may be 16, 24, 32 or 48 bits.
[0034] FIG. 6 illustrates an example design 600 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 600 may pertain to a fourth option (Option-4) of a SYNC field design. In design 600, for DL transmissions, there may be two different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S1 and S3) to differentiate non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs and to indicate the respective data rate. As shown in FIG. 6, for DL transmissions with a data rate of 250kbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence S2 = S1 or [S1 S1] may be utilized; and for DL transmissions with a data rate of 1Mbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence may be utilized. Moreover, for UL transmissions, one unified SYNC sequence (e.g., sequences S4 or S5) may be utilized to differentiate DL and UL transmissions as well as non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs. Thus, in design 600, there may be a total of three different base sequences (S1, S3 and S4) needed. Under the proposed scheme, the length of S1 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S3 may be 8 bits; and the length of S4 may be 16, 24, 32 or 48 bits.
[0035] FIG. 7 illustrates an example design 700 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 700 may pertain to a fifth option (Option-5) of a SYNC field design. In design 700, for DL transmissions, there may be three different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S1, S2 and S3) to differentiate non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs and to indicate the respective data rate. However, two of the sequences may be constructed from the same S1. As shown in FIG. 7, for DL transmissions with a data rate of 250kbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence S2 = S1 or [S1 S1] may be utilized; and for DL transmissions with a data rate of 1Mbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence may be utilized. Moreover, for UL transmissions, two different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S4 and S5) may be utilized to differentiate DL and UL transmissions as well as non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs. However, the two sequences may be bitwise complementary of each other. Thus, in design 700, there may be a total of three different base sequences (S1, S3 and S4) needed. Under the proposed scheme, the length of S1 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S3 may be 8 bits; and the length of S4 may be 16, 24, 32 or 48 bits.
[0036] FIG. 8 illustrates an example design 800 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 800 may pertain to a sixth option (Option-6) of a SYNC field design. In design 800, for DL transmissions, there may be three different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S1, S2 and S3) to differentiate non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs and to indicate the respective data rate. However, two of the sequences may be constructed from the same S1. As shown in FIG. 8, for DL transmissions with a data rate of 250kbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence S2 = S1 or [S1 S1] may be utilized; and for DL transmissions with a data rate of 1Mbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence may be utilized. Moreover, for UL transmissions, two different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S4 and S5) may be utilized to differentiate DL and UL transmissions as well as non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs. However, UL backscatter synchronization may be bitwise complement of DL backscatters (e.g., ) . Thus, in design 800, there may be a total of three different base sequences (S1, S3 and S4) needed. Under the proposed scheme, the length of S1 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S3 may be 8 bits; and the length of S4 may be 16, 24, 32 or 48 bits.
[0037] FIG. 9 illustrates an example design 900 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 900 may pertain to a seventh option (Option-7) of a SYNC field design. In design 900, for DL transmissions, there may be three different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S1 and S3) to differentiate non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs and to indicate the respective data rate. As shown in FIG. 9, for DL transmissions with a data rate of 250kbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence S2 = S1 may be utilized; and for DL transmissions with a data rate of 1Mbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence S1 may be utilized. Moreover, for UL transmissions, one unified SYNC sequence (e.g., sequences S4) may be utilized to differentiate DL and UL transmissions. Thus, in design 900, there may be a total of three different base sequences (S1, S3 and S4) needed. Under the proposed scheme, the length of S1 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S3 may be 8 bits; and the length of S4 may be 16, 24, 32 or 48 bits.
[0038] FIG. 10 illustrates an example 1000 design under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Design 1000 may pertain to an eighth option (Option-8) of a SYNC field design. In design 1000, for DL transmissions, there may be three different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S1, S2 and S3) to differentiate non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs and to indicate the respective data rate. However, two of the sequences may be constructed from the same S1. As shown in FIG. 10, for DL transmissions with a data rate of 250kbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence S2 = S1 or [S1 S1] may be utilized; and for DL transmissions with a data rate of 1Mbps to non-backscatter non-AP AMP STAs, the base sequence may be utilized. Moreover, for UL transmissions, two different SYNC sequences (e.g., sequences S4 and S5) may be utilized to differentiate DL and UL transmissions as well as non-backscatter and backscatter non-AP AMP STAs. However, UL backscatter synchronization may be bitwise complement of DL backscatters (e.g., or ) . Thus, in design 1000, there may be a total of three different base sequences (S1, S3 and S4) needed. Under the proposed scheme, the length of S1 may be 16, 24 or 32 bits; the length of S3 may be 8 bits; and the length of S4 may be 16, 24, 32 or 48 bits. Illustrative Implementations
[0039] FIG. 11 illustrates an example system 1100 having at least an example apparatus 1110 and an example apparatus 1120 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may perform various functions to implement schemes, techniques, processes and methods described herein pertaining to designs of SYNC field for AMP IoT in next-generation wireless communications including the various schemes described above with respect to various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above as well as processes described below. For instance, apparatus 1110 may be implemented in STA 110 and apparatus 1120 may be implemented in STA 120, or vice versa.
[0040] Each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may be a part of an electronic apparatus, which may be a non-AP STA or an AP STA, such as a portable or mobile apparatus, a wearable apparatus, a wireless communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. When implemented in a STA, each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may be implemented in a smartphone, a smart watch, a personal digital assistant, a digital camera, or a computing equipment such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer or a notebook computer. Each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may also be a part of a machine type apparatus, which may be an IoT apparatus such as an immobile or a stationary apparatus, a home apparatus, a wire communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. For instance, each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may be implemented in a smart thermostat, a smart fridge, a smart door lock, a wireless speaker or a home control center. When implemented in or as a network apparatus, apparatus 1110 and / or apparatus 1120 may be implemented in a network node, such as an AP in a WLAN.
[0041] In some implementations, each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may be implemented in the form of one or more integrated-circuit (IC) chips such as, for example and without limitation, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more reduced-instruction set computing (RISC) processors, or one or more complex-instruction-set-computing (CISC) processors. In the various schemes described above, each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may be implemented in or as a STA or an AP. Each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may include at least some of those components shown in FIG. 11 such as a processor 1112 and a processor 1122, respectively, for example. Each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may further include one or more other components not pertinent to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure (e.g., internal power supply, display device and / or user interface device) , and, thus, such component (s) of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 are neither shown in FIG. 11 nor described below in the interest of simplicity and brevity.
[0042] In one aspect, each of processor 1112 and processor 1122 may be implemented in the form of one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more RISC processors or one or more CISC processors. That is, even though a singular term “aprocessor” is used herein to refer to processor 1112 and processor 1122, each of processor 1112 and processor 1122 may include multiple processors in some implementations and a single processor in other implementations in accordance with the present disclosure. In another aspect, each of processor 1112 and processor 1122 may be implemented in the form of hardware (and, optionally, firmware) with electronic components including, for example and without limitation, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors and / or one or more varactors that are configured and arranged to achieve specific purposes in accordance with the present disclosure. In other words, in at least some implementations, each of processor 1112 and processor 1122 is a special-purpose machine specifically designed, arranged and configured to perform specific tasks including those pertaining to designs of SYNC field for AMP IoT in next-generation wireless communications in accordance with various implementations of the present disclosure.
[0043] In some implementations, apparatus 1110 may also include a transceiver 1116 coupled to processor 1112. Transceiver 1116 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. In some implementations, apparatus 1120 may also include a transceiver 1126 coupled to processor 1122. Transceiver 1126 may include a transmitter capable of wirelessly transmitting and a receiver capable of wirelessly receiving data. It is noteworthy that, although transceiver 1116 and transceiver 1126 are illustrated as being external to and separate from processor 1112 and processor 1122, respectively, in some implementations, transceiver 1116 may be an integral part of processor 1112 as a system on chip (SoC) , and transceiver 1126 may be an integral part of processor 1122 as a SoC.
[0044] In some implementations, apparatus 1110 may further include a memory 1114 coupled to processor 1112 and capable of being accessed by processor 1112 and storing data therein. In some implementations, apparatus 1120 may further include a memory 1124 coupled to processor 1122 and capable of being accessed by processor 1122 and storing data therein. Each of memory 1114 and memory 1124 may include a type of random-access memory (RAM) such as dynamic RAM (DRAM) , static RAM (SRAM) , thyristor RAM (T-RAM) and / or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 1114 and memory 1124 may include a type of read-only memory (ROM) such as mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM) , erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) and / or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) . Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory 1114 and memory 1124 may include a type of non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM) , magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and / or phase-change memory.
[0045] Each of apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 may be a communication entity capable of communicating with each other using various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, a description of capabilities of apparatus 1110, as STA 110, and apparatus 1120, as STA 120, is provided below in the context of example processes 1200 and 1300. It is noteworthy that, although a detailed description of capabilities, functionalities and / or technical features of apparatus 1120 is provided below, the same may be applied to apparatus 1110 although a detailed description thereof is not provided solely in the interest of brevity. It is also noteworthy that, although the example implementations described below are provided in the context of WLAN, the same may be implemented in other types of networks. Illustrative Processes
[0046] FIG. 12 illustrates an example process 1200 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 1200 may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above. More specifically, process 1200 may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to designs of SYNC field for AMP IoT in next-generation wireless communications in accordance with the present disclosure. Process 1200 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 1210 and 1220. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process 1200 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 1200 may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 12 or, alternatively, in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks / sub-blocks of process 1200 may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 1200 may be implemented by or in apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process 1200 is described below in the context of apparatus 1110 implemented in or as STA 110 functioning as a non-AP STA or an AP STA and apparatus 1120 implemented in or as STA 120 functioning as an AP STA or a non-AP STA of a wireless network such as a WLAN in network environment 100 in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 standards. Process 1200 may begin at block 1210.
[0047] At 1210, process 1200 may involve processor 1122 of apparatus 1120, as a first apparatus, performing, via transceiver 1126, a wireless communication with a second apparatus (e.g., apparatus 1110) .
[0048] In some implementations, one of the first apparatus and the second apparatus may function an AP while the other of the first apparatus and the second apparatus may include an AMP IoT device that functions as an AMP non-AP STA.
[0049] In some implementations, the wireless communication may involve transmission of either or both of a DL PPDU and an UL PPDU between the AP and the non-AP STA.
[0050] In some implementations, a SYNC field in the DL PPDU may be utilized to: (a) differentiate a non-backscatter type and a backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; and (b) indicate a DL data rate.
[0051] In some implementations, a SYNC field in the UL PPDU may be utilized to: (a) indicate DL or UL to save power for 3rd-party AMP non-AP STAs; (b) differentiate the non-backscatter type and the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; and (c) indicate a RX SNR requirement.
[0052] In some implementations, in the SYNC field of the DL PPDU, three different SYNC sequences, S1, S2 and S3, may be utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs, and wherein S2 is constructed from S1 which is used a base sequence for S2.
[0053] In some implementations, the SYNC sequences S1 and S2 may be utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs with S1 corresponding to a first data rate and S2 corresponding to a second data rate. Moreover, S3 may be utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs. Furthermore, S2 may be a function of S1 or bitwise complementary of S1.
[0054] In some implementations, S1 may correspond to 250kbps, S2 may correspond to 1Mbps, and S3 may correspond to 250kbps.
[0055] In some implementations, S1 may have a length of 32 bits, S2 may have a length of 32 bits, and S3 may have a length of 8 bits.
[0056] In some implementations, in the SYNC field of the UL PPDU, two different SYNC sequences, S4 and S5, may be utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs with S4 being utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs and S5 being utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs.
[0057] In some implementations, S4 may have a length of 48 bits, and S5 may have a length of 8 bits.
[0058] FIG. 13 illustrates an example process 1300 in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process 1300 may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above. More specifically, process 1300 may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to designs of SYNC field for AMP IoT in next-generation wireless communications in accordance with the present disclosure. Process 1300 may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks 1310 and 1320. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process 1300 may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks / sub-blocks of process 1300 may be executed in the order shown in FIG. 13 or, alternatively, in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks / sub-blocks of process 1300 may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process 1300 may be implemented by or in apparatus 1110 and apparatus 1120 as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process 1300 is described below in the context of apparatus 1110 implemented in or as STA 110 functioning as a non-AP STA or an AP STA and apparatus 1120 implemented in or as STA 120 functioning as an AP STA or a non-AP STA of a wireless network such as a WLAN in network environment 100 in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 standards. Process 1300 may begin at block 1310.
[0059] At 1310, process 1300 may involve processor 1112 of apparatus 1110, as a first apparatus, performing, via transceiver 1116, a wireless communication with a second apparatus (e.g., apparatus 1120) .
[0060] In some implementations, one of the first apparatus and the second apparatus may function an AP while the other of the first apparatus and the second apparatus may include an AMP IoT device that functions as an AMP non-AP STA.
[0061] In some implementations, the wireless communication may involve transmission of either or both of a DL PPDU and an UL PPDU between the AP and the non-AP STA.
[0062] In some implementations, a total of four different base sequences are utilized in a SYNC field in the DL PPDU and a SYNC field in the UL PPDU to differentiate a non-backscatter type and a backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs.
[0063] In some implementations, in the SYNC field of the DL PPDU, three different SYNC sequences, S1, S2 and S3, may be utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs, and wherein S2 is constructed from S1 which is used a base sequence for S2.
[0064] In some implementations, the SYNC sequences S1 and S2 may be utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs with S1 corresponding to a first data rate and S2 corresponding to a second data rate. Moreover, S3 may be utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs. Furthermore, S2 may be a function of S1 or bitwise complementary of S1.
[0065] In some implementations, S1 may correspond to 250kbps, S2 may correspond to 1Mbps, and S3 may correspond to 250kbps.
[0066] In some implementations, S1 may have a length of 32 bits, S2 may have a length of 32 bits, and S3 may have a length of 8 bits.
[0067] In some implementations, in the SYNC field of the UL PPDU, two different SYNC sequences, S4 and S5, may be utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs with S4 being utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs and S5 being utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs.
[0068] In some implementations, S4 may have a length of 48 bits, and S5 may have a length of 8 bits.
[0069] In some implementations, the SYNC field in the DL PPDU may be utilized to: (a) differentiate the non-backscatter type and the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; and (b) indicate a DL data rate.
[0070] In some implementations, the SYNC field in the UL PPDU may be utilized to: (a) indicate DL or UL to save power for 3rd-party AMP non-AP STAs; (b) differentiate the non-backscatter type and the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; and (c) indicate a RX SNR requirement. Additional Notes
[0071] The herein-described subject matter sometimes illustrates different components contained within, or connected with, different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely examples, and that in fact many other architectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively "associated" such that the desired functionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as "associated with" each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as being "operably connected" , or "operably coupled" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being "operably couplable" , to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and / or physically interacting components and / or wirelessly interactable and / or wirelessly interacting components and / or logically interacting and / or logically interactable components.
[0072] Further, with respect to the use of substantially any plural and / or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and / or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and / or application. The various singular / plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
[0073] Moreover, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims, e.g., bodies of the appended claims, are generally intended as “open” terms, e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to, ” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least, ” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to, ” etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to implementations containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an, " e.g., “a” and / or “an” should be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more; ” the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number, e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations, " without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations. Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “asystem having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc. ” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “asystem having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and / or A, B, and C together, etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and / or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B. ”
[0074] From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that various implementations of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various implementations disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.
Claims
A method, comprising:performing, by a processor of a first apparatus, a wireless communication with a second apparatus,wherein one of the first apparatus and the second apparatus functions an access point (AP) while the other of the first apparatus and the second apparatus comprises an ambient power-enabled (AMP) Internet of Things (IoT) device that functions as an AMP non-AP station (STA) ,wherein the wireless communication involves transmission of either or both of a downlink (DL) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and an uplink (UL) PPDU between the AP and the non-AP STA,wherein a synchronization (SYNC) field in the DL PPDU is utilized to:differentiate a non-backscatter type and a backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; andindicate a DL data rate,wherein a SYNC field in the UL PPDU is utilized to:indicate DL or UL to save power for 3rd-party AMP non-AP STAs;differentiate the non-backscatter type and the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; andindicate a receive (RX) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement.The method of Claim 1, wherein, in the SYNC field of the DL PPDU, three different SYNC sequences, S1, S2 and S3, are utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs, and wherein S2 is constructed from S1 which is used a base sequence for S2.The method of Claim 2, wherein the SYNC sequences S1 and S2 are utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs with S1 corresponding to a first data rate and S2 corresponding to a second data rate, wherein S3 is utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs, and wherein S2 is a function of S1 or bitwise complementary of S1.The method of Claim 3, wherein S1 corresponds to 250 kilo-bits per second (250kbps) , wherein S2 corresponds to 1 mega-bits per second (1Mbps) , and wherein S3 corresponds to 250kbps.The method of Claim 2, wherein S1 has a length of 32 bits, wherein S2 has a length of 32 bits, and wherein S3 has a length of 8 bits.The method of Claim 1, wherein, in the SYNC field of the UL PPDU, two different SYNC sequences, S4 and S5, are utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs with S4 being utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs and S5 being utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs.The method of Claim 6, wherein S4 has a length of 48 bits, and wherein S5 has a length of 8 bits.A method, comprising:performing, by a processor of a first apparatus, a wireless communication with a second apparatus,wherein one of the first apparatus and the second apparatus functions an access point (AP) while the other of the first apparatus and the second apparatus comprises an ambient power-enabled (AMP) Internet of Things (IoT) device that functions as an AMP non-AP station (STA) ,wherein the wireless communication involves transmission of either or both of a downlink (DL) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and an uplink (UL) PPDU between the AP and the non-AP STA,wherein a total of four different base sequences are utilized in a synchronization (SYNC) field in the DL PPDU and a SYNC field in the UL PPDU to differentiate a non-backscatter type and a backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs.The method of Claim 8, wherein, in the SYNC field of the DL PPDU, three different SYNC sequences, S1, S2 and S3, are utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs, and wherein S2 is constructed from S1 which is used a base sequence for S2.The method of Claim 9, wherein the SYNC sequences S1 and S2 are utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs with S1 corresponding to a first data rate and S2 corresponding to a second data rate, wherein S3 is utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs, and wherein S2 is a function of S1 or bitwise complementary of S1.The method of Claim 10, wherein S1 corresponds to 250 kilo-bits per second (250kbps) , wherein S2 corresponds to 1 mega-bits per second (1Mbps) , and wherein S3 corresponds to 250kbps.The method of Claim 9, wherein S1 has a length of 32 bits, wherein S2 has a length of 32 bits, and wherein S3 has a length of 8 bits.The method of Claim 8, wherein, in the SYNC field of the UL PPDU, two different SYNC sequences, S4 and S5, are utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs with S4 being utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs and S5 being utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs.The method of Claim 13, wherein S4 has a length of 48 bits, and wherein S5 has a length of 8 bits.The method of Claim 8, wherein the SYNC field in the DL PPDU is utilized to:differentiate the non-backscatter type and the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; andindicate a DL data rate.The method of Claim 8, wherein the SYNC field in the UL PPDU is utilized to:indicate DL or UL to save power for 3rd-party AMP non-AP STAs;differentiate the non-backscatter type and the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; andindicate a receive (RX) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement.An apparatus, comprising:a transceiver configured to communicate wirelessly; anda processor coupled to the transceiver and configured to perform operations comprising:performing, via the transceiver, a wireless communication with one other apparatus,wherein one of the apparatus and the other apparatus functions an access point (AP) while the other of the apparatus and the other apparatus comprises an ambient power-enabled (AMP) Internet of Things (IoT) device that functions as an AMP non-AP station (STA) ,wherein the wireless communication involves transmission of either or both of a downlink (DL) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) and an uplink (UL) PPDU between the AP and the non-AP STA,wherein a synchronization (SYNC) field in the DL PPDU is utilized to:differentiate a non-backscatter type and a backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; andindicate a DL data rate,wherein a SYNC field in the UL PPDU is utilized to:indicate DL or UL to save power for 3rd-party AMP non-AP STAs;differentiate the non-backscatter type and the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs; andindicate a receive (RX) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement.The apparatus of Claim 17, wherein, in the SYNC field of the DL PPDU, three different SYNC sequences, S1, S2 and S3, are utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs, wherein S2 is constructed from S1 which is used a base sequence for S2, wherein the SYNC sequences S1 and S2 are utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs with S1 corresponding to a first data rate and S2 corresponding to a second data rate, wherein S3 is utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs, wherein S2 is a function of S1 or bitwise complementary of S1, wherein S1 has a length of 32 bits, wherein S2 has a length of 32 bits, and wherein S3 has a length of 8 bits.The apparatus of Claim 18, wherein S1 corresponds to 250 kilo-bits per second (250kbps) , wherein S2 corresponds to 1 mega-bits per second (1Mbps) , and wherein S3 corresponds to 250kbps.The apparatus of Claim 17, wherein, in the SYNC field of the UL PPDU, two different SYNC sequences, S4 and S5, are utilized to differentiate the non-backscatter and backscatter types of AMP non-AP STAs with S4 being utilized for the non-backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs and S5 being utilized for the backscatter type of AMP non-AP STAs, wherein S4 has a length of 48 bits, and wherein S5 has a length of 8 bits.