Compostable absorbent article with improved performance

Abstract

An absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervious topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet is described herein. Composting and increased performance is discussed.

Description

[0001] COMPOSTABLE ABSORBENT ARTICLE WITH IMPROVED PERFORMANCE

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The present invention relates to an absorbent article, such as a diaper, specifically one that offers enhanced compostability and / or ecological characteristics while maintaining desirable performance characteristics.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] As environmental concerns regarding waste management and sustainability have grown, the demand for products with reduced environmental impact has surged. This includes the development of diapers, that are designed to be compostable, thereby reducing landfill waste and promoting sustainability.

[0006] However, achieving the right balance between compostability and performance (incl. both product and production performance) has proven to be challenging.

[0007] Namely, a diaper should provide adequate absorbing capacity, comfort, liquid distribution and durability while being able to decompose efficiently when exposed to composting conditions, and / or degrade over time as desired.

[0008] Thus, there is a need for a compostable diaper that not only provides superior environmental benefits but also preserves the necessary attributes for functional performance (comfort, feel, absorbent capacity, support, and longevity etc.).

[0009] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] Thereto, it is an objection of embodiments of the aspects herein to improve the ecological aspect of absorbent articles, such as diapers, while maintaining or improving their performance, including product performance (e.g. comfort, fit, feel, quality) and production performance (e.g. processability, manufacturable in an efficient manner).

[0011] Aspect 1 - the fractions

[0012] A first aspect provides an absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervioustopsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core, which may have one or more core wrap sheets (CWS) is positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet.

[0013] The absorbent article, based on the total weight of the absorbent article, preferably comprises at least the following fractions of material choices.

[0014] 1) a first fraction Fl (also called the bioplastic fraction) consisting of a bioplastic (bl), preferably polylactic acid (PLA); wherein Fl is present in an amount of 2 - 28 wt %, preferably 5 - 20 wt %;

[0015] 2) a second fraction F2 (also called the polymer and degrader fraction) consisting of

[0016] a) a group of polymers (cl) including

[0017] i) a first group of polymers (cl’) chosen from thermoplastic polymers comprising -CH2- CH2- units , more preferably chosen from PE, PP, PET or combinations thereof; and b) a second group of polymers (cl’) chosen from elastomers;

[0018] c) one or more degradation agents (c2) for degrading the group of polymers (cl); wherein F2 is present in an amount of 3 - 15 wt %, preferably 5 - 12 wt %;

[0019] 3) a third fraction F3 (also called the absorbing fraction) consisting of absorbent material (AM) consisting of

[0020] cellulose and / or SAP, in particular biodegradable SAP, preferably wherein the SAP is comprising a biobased backbone, preferably SAP comprising a starch based backbone; and wherein F3 is present in an amount of 30 - 75 wt %, preferably 40 - 70 wt %, such as about 65 wt % ;

[0021] preferably the article further comprises an additive chosen from Mineral Oil or Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3). Viscose may be further included in the article according to this aspect.

[0022] Inventive insights and extensive testing of the inventors have surprisingly given that by using certain fractions (identified as Fl, F2, and F3) of the defined materials as described, a desired balance between compostability and performance (incl. both product and production performance) could be achieved. The compostability and performance can be further increased by including Mineral Oil or Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3), in particular compostability and performance can be further increased by including Calcium Carbonate.

[0023] The “Product Performance” or “Functional Performance” refers to how well the product functions in terms of its intended use. For the absorbent article, this includes aspects like durability, comfort,flexibility, usability, and overall effectiveness.

[0024] The “Production Performance” refers to the efficiency and effectiveness of the product can be produced by a manufacturing process. This includes factors such as production speed, costeffectiveness, scalability, energy consumption, and material waste.

[0025] The absorbent article preferably further comprising additives (PA) chosen from viscose and / or mineral oil and / or calcium carbonate. These may additives enhance composting and performance, as will be further explained herein. The performance could be further increase by the use of viscose and / or mineral oil and / or calcium carbonate within the absorbent article. The viscose may enhance compostability and comfort. Likewise, also the calcium carbonate was found to be beneficial for compostability and comfort. The mineral oil may enhance compostability and performance, in particular production performance.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the bioplastic (bl) of the first fraction Fl is a biodegradable plastic material, which can be either biobased or fossil-based, in particular a biodegradable plastic modified to be degradable in accordance with ISO 14855 standard (Edition 2, 2018).

[0027] According to an embodiment, the bioplastic (bl) of the first fraction Fl is a component chosen from the group: Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT), Polycaprolactone (PCL), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Polybutylene Succinate (PBS), a starch-based blend or combinations thereof.

[0028] According to an embodiment, the bioplastic (bl) of the first fraction Fl is a component chosen from the group: Polylactic Acid (PEA), Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Polybutylene Succinate (PBS), a starch based blend or combinations thereof. Even more preferably, the bioplastic (bl) of the first fraction Fl is Polylactic Acid (PEA).

[0029] According to an embodiment, the Biodegradable Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) refers to sustainable, bio-based alternatives to conventional SAP’s (which are typically petroleum-derived poly acrylates). They aim to absorb high volumes of liquid before breaking down naturally without leaving microplastics. Hence, a superabsorbent polymer can be designed for enhanced degradation in a composting environment.

[0030] This can be achieved by constructing the SAP with a biobased backbone, namely a SAP with a biobased backbone is a superabsorbent material where the primary polymer structure is derived fromrenewable biological sources. Suitable sources for this biobased backbone include, but are not limited to, starch, cellulose, chitosan, or alginate.

[0031] In an embodiment, the biodegradable SAP is biodegradable as be determined via the ISO 14855 standard (Edition 2, 2018, unless defined otherwise).

[0032] According to an embodiment, the absorbent material (AM) is consisting of cellulose and biodegradable SAP, wherein based on the total weight of the absorbent article, the cellulose is present in an amount in the range of 15 to 35 wt%; and biodegradable SAP is present in an amount in the range 25 to 40 wt%. With the combination of cellulose and sap, the product performance could be further enhanced.

[0033] Preferably, the fractions F2 and F3 together make up of at least 75 wt % of the based on the total weight of the absorbent article.

[0034] Preferably polymers (cl’) are chosen from PE, PP, PET or combinations thereof and wherein the one or more degraders (c2) include at least one microorganism or enzyme (degrader) for degrading the chosen PE, PP, PET or combinations thereof. The material selection of the polymers such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are often preferred due to their advantageous properties. These materials offer a balance of cost, performance, and processability, and surprisingly when combined with a suitable microorganism or enzyme (e.g. as degrader) for degrading the chosen PE, PP, PET, the compostability or degradability of the absorbent article increases in a beneficial manner which is beneficial in view of ecological concerns.

[0035] According to an embodiment, the bioplastic (bl) is biodegradable as be determined via the ISO 14855 standard; and / or wherein the one or more degradation agents (c2) comprise at least one microorganism or enzyme; and / or wherein the biodegradable SAP is biodegradable as be determined via the ISO 14855 standard. This benefits the compostable characteristics of the article.

[0036] Preferably, the article comprises biodegradable SAP and a degradation agent for degrading the biodegradable SAP. In this manner, the ecological aspect of the absorbent article, can be improved due to improved degradation of the degradation agent, while maintaining product performance in view of absorbency is ensured by the biodegradable SAP, which is preferably present in combination with cellulose.According to an embodiment, Fl, F2 and F3 together make up of at least 80 wt % of the based on the total weight of the absorbent article; and wherein Fl is present in an amount of 5 - 20 wt %; F2 is present in an amount of 3 - 15 wt %, preferably 5 - 12 wt %; preferably 40 - 70 wt %, such as about 65 wt %. Surprisingly given the presence of Fl, F2, and F3 of the defined materials as described, a desired balance between compostability and performance (incl. both product and production performance) could be achieved.

[0037] According to an embodiment, the article further comprises the viscose. The viscose may be beneficial in view of eco standpoints and may further enhance product performance (such as comfort, softness). An environmentally-friendly viscose made from sustainably sourced wood pulp and processed in an eco-friendly way is preferably used.

[0038] Furthermore, using viscose in combination with PLA further significantly enhances product performance and compostability.

[0039] According to an embodiment, viscose in combination with PLA is incorporated in the same component of an article, more in particular, the backsheet may comprise viscose in combination with PLA. More in particular, according to an embodiment, the article comprises viscose in combination with PLA is incorporated in a laminate structure of an article. Advantageously, a compostable or eco-friendly product can thereby be achieved with improved comfort.

[0040] According to an embodiment, the article further comprises viscose and mineral oil. By including and using viscose and mineral oil. A desired ecological aspect can be provided while a desired product performance (e.g. comfort, fit, feel, quality) and production performance (e.g. processability, manufacturable in an efficient manner) can be provided.

[0041] According to an embodiment, the article further comprising Calcium Carbonate, preferably wherein the Calcium Carbonate is included in a PE and / or a PP and / or a PLA based film. The Calcium Carbonate benefits the ecological standpoint and may increase breathability. It is further believed that the Calcium Carbonate within the article may facilitate degradation which benefits the ecological view.

[0042] According to an embodiment, the article comprises cellulose derived from bamboo, eucalyptus, pine tree.Aspect 2 - the mineral oil, and / or calcium carbonate and / or viscose

[0043] A further aspect herein relates to the use additives (al, a2, a3) calcium carbonate (al); and / or a mineral oil (a2) and / or a viscose (a3) within the article as they offer the advantages as described herein without being linked to the fractions (Fl, F2, F3) (i.e. aspect 1), although understandably they may of course be combined therewith. Thus, features described above in relation to aspect 1 are equally applicable to aspect 2.

[0044] Both aspects share a common objective, namely improving the ecological impact of absorbent articles, such as diapers, while maintaining or enhancing their overall performance. This includes both product performance (e.g., comfort, fit, feel, and quality) and production performance (e.g., processability and efficient manufacturability). The inventive concepts in both aspects are directed toward achieving this goal, demonstrating a technical relationship that ensures a unified inventive concept across the embodiments described herein.

[0045] More specifically, according to said aspect, there is provided: An absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervious topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; preferably, the absorbent core comprising absorbent material (AM) consisting of cellulose and / or biodegradable SAP; and wherein

[0046] the topsheet, the backsheet and the absorbent core (C) substantially consist of one or more materials which break down in a composting environment and / or

[0047] wherein the topsheet, the backsheet and the absorbent core (C) substantially consist of one or more materials which break down in accordance to ISO 14855 standard (Edition 2, 2018);

[0048] wherein

[0049] the absorbent article further comprises a calcium carbonate (al); and / or a mineral oil (a2) and / or a viscose (a3).

[0050] By having the absorbent core (C) to substantially consist of one or more materials which break down in a composting environment, the advantageous as described in patent application PCT / EP2024 / 079372 in the name of the applicant can be achieved. For further details on the one or more materials which break down in a composting environment, reference is made to PCT / EP2024 / 079372, which is incorporated herein by reference. By using materials that break down in a composting environment the absorbent article will degrade into smaller, environmentally harmless components when exposed to composting conditions. This decomposition allows for reducing the environmental impact and promotes sustainability.According to an embodiment, the “composting environment” is as defined by the test conditions of Norm ISO 14855 (Edition 2, 2018).

[0051] The expression "break down" refers to the process of decomposition or disintegration of materials when they are exposed to a composting environment. The materials used may break down naturally and / or may break down upon influence of degrading agents included as an additive within the material for a respective component.

[0052] The expression "substantially consist" implies that a significant part of, preferably all of, the topsheet, the backsheet, and the absorbent core of the absorbent article should be made from materials that break down in a composting environment. By doing so, the primary or dominant constituents of these topsheet, the backsheet, and the absorbent core components allow for compostability, making the article more eco-friendly.

[0053] The breaking down of the respective materials in a compositing environment, according to an embodiment, refers to a protocol wherein absorbent article(s) is / are processed as follows:

[0054] 1. Mixture Preparation: The articles are first mixed with a bulking agent, specifically shredded green waste ("dechets verts broyes", for example branches, wood chips, garden waste, leaves, pruning residues, bark or coarse plant fibers, straw, and the like), at a defined ratio of one volume of absorbent articles (e.g. diapers) to four volumes of bulking agent. This mixture is then shredded in a grinder to create a homogenous blend, which is then formed into piles, also called as “windrows”, with a target dry matter content of 45-60% and a Carbon / Nitrogen ratio of 20 to 30.

[0055] 2. Active Fermentation Phase: The windrows undergo an active fermentation phase lasting 3 to 6 weeks. During this phase, the core temperature is raised to and maintained between 55°C and 70°C. The temperature remains above 55°C for a minimum of three consecutive days for hygienization. To maintain aerobic conditions and biological activity, the windrows are turned one to two times during the first month, and the humidity level is actively managed to a target of 50-60%.

[0056] 3. Maturation Phase: Following the active fermentation, the material enters a maturation phase for a duration of 4 to 8 weeks. During this period, the temperature of the compost gradually decreases as the material stabilizes. The piles are turned one to two more times to complete the process.

[0057] 4. Sieving & Analysis: After maturation, the stabilized material is sieved to refine the final product and separate any rejects, such as coarse parts of the bulking agent. The resulting finecompost is then subjected to regulatory analyses according to the French standard NFU 44- 051.

[0058] An embodiment provides for an absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; and wherein the topsheet (TS), backsheet (BS), and the absorbent core (C) substantially consist of materials that break down in accordance to the protocol as explained above and / or wherein the topsheet (TS), backsheet (BS), and the absorbent core (C) comprise one or more of the corresponding materials as detailed herein; the absorbent article further comprises a mineral oil (a2) and / or a laminate comprising viscose (a3) and polylactic acid; and preferably calcium carbonate (al).

[0059] The addition of a calcium carbonate (al); and / or a mineral oil (a2) and / or a viscose (a3) have found to provide additional benefits which can further improve the ecological aspect of absorbent articles, such as diapers, while maintaining or improving their performance, including product performance (e.g. comfort, fit, feel, quality) and production performance (e.g. processability, manufacturable in an efficient manner).

[0060] Namely, the preferred components calcium carbonate (al); and / or a mineral oil (a2) and / or a viscose (a3) each are believed to further improve product and production performance, as further described herein (see among others the examples).

[0061] According to an embodiment, the article comprises, in particular, a calcium carbonate (al) and viscose (a3). These components further enhance product and production performance while they are considered sustainable. Namely, calcium carbonate is a sustainable choice for improving product performance. Additionally, the viscose is biodegradable and also enhances performance.

[0062] The viscose is preferably included in one or more of the following components of the absorbent article: the topsheet (TS), the backsheet (BS), preferably together with PLA.

[0063] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article comprises a laminate (e.g. a laminate that forms the backsheet or other laminates (such as a laminate used in the absorbent core or a laminate used for making the pair of side ears and / or fastening means) comprising viscose and polylactic acid.

[0064] The article may further comprises one or more of the following components, a core wrap sheet (TCW, BCW) of the absorbent core (C), a waistband (WB) or a pair of side ears (SE), a pair of legbarrier cuffs (BC), an acquisition and distribution layer (ADL), one or two transversal waist guard pockets (GP), or a combinations thereof. One or more of these components preferably include Calcium Carbonate, preferably at least two of these components. One or more of these components preferably include viscose in combination with PLA. One or more of these components preferably include Calcium Carbonate.

[0065] According to an embodiment, the absorbent core of the article comprises a top core wrap sheet and a bottom core wrap sheet, wherein at least one, preferably both core wrap sheets comprise calcium carbonate.

[0066] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article comprises a top sheet and / or a backsheet, preferably wherein the backsheet comprises calcium carbonate. Accordingly, product performance and composting capacity can be improved.

[0067] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article comprises a top sheet and / or a backsheet, preferably wherein the backsheet comprises calcium carbonate. Accordingly, product performance and composting capacity can be improved.

[0068] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article Calcium Carbonate is present in a waistband or in side ears. Accordingly, product performance and composting capacity can be improved.

[0069] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article Calcium Carbonate is present in a pair of leg barrier cuffs. Accordingly, product performance and composting capacity can be improved.

[0070] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article Calcium Carbonate is present in a waistband or in side ears. Accordingly, product performance and composting capacity can be improved.

[0071] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article Calcium Carbonate is present in a pair of leg barrier cuffs. Accordingly, product performance and composting capacity can be improved.

[0072] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article Calcium Carbonate is present in a transversal guard pocket (GP), e.g. a front and / or a rear guard pocket. Accordingly, product performance and composting capacity can be improved.The abbreviations within the brackets used within this summary section herein are merely indicative and are not limiting.

[0073] With respect to the structural features of the transversal waist guard pockets, reference is made to EP patent application 25164573.5, in the name of the applicant and which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0074] The term “acquisition and distribution layer” and “ADL layer” can be used interchangeably herein.

[0075] As said, the viscose and polylactic acid are preferably used in combination in the same component, said component including the viscose and polylactic acid may be chosen from one or more of the following components: a core wrap sheet (TCW, BCW) of the absorbent core (C), a waistband (WB), a pair of side ears (SE), a pair of leg barrier cuffs (BC), an acquisition and distribution layer (ADL), one or two transversal waist guard pockets (GP), or a combinations thereof.

[0076] Hence, to improve performance and ecological matters of the article, it is preferred that the combination of viscose and polylactic acid is present: in the backsheet; and / or in the topsheet; and / or in a core wrap sheet of the absorbent core (C), such as a top or bottom core wrap; and / or in the waistband; and / or in the side ears; and / or in the pair of leg barrier cuffs; and / or in the ADL layer; and / or in the one or two transversal waist guard pockets.

[0077] According to an embodiment, the absorbent article comprises a top core wrap sheet and a bottom core wrap sheet and wherein the top core wrap sheet comprises a thermoplastic polymer comprising -CH2-CH2- units, more preferably chosen from PE, PP, PET or combinations thereof and a degradation agent for degrading said polymer; and wherein the bottom core wrap sheet comprises PLA. Advantageously, product performance can thereby be increased while maintaining a desired compostable characteristic.

[0078] The features of the following embodiments are applicable to all aspects as described herein:

[0079] According to an embodiment, the backsheet (BS) comprises viscose and polylactic acid.

[0080] Advantageously, softness and compostability or ecological matters of the article may thereby be enhanced significantly.

[0081] Generally, it is believed that the viscose (causing softness) may help in balancing the polylactic acid (more rigid) while maintaining a good compostable character of the article, this benefit is ofparticular relevance in view of the following embodiments:

[0082] According to an embodiment, the topsheet (TS) comprises viscose and polylactic acid.

[0083] According to an embodiment, a core wrap sheet (TS) comprises viscose and polylactic acid.

[0084] According to an embodiment, a core wrap sheet (TS) (such as a top or bottom core wrap) comprises viscose and polylactic acid.

[0085] According to an embodiment, viscose and polylactic acid are included in the waistband, in particular a waistband comprising a front and back elastic region joined together (e.g. in case of a pants type diaper).

[0086] According to an embodiment, viscose and polylactic acid are included in the side ears. The side ears of the article, in particular a diaper, refers typically to the wings located on the sides of a disposable diaper. These wings are designed to help secure the diaper in place around the waist and legs, preferably in a manner to allow refastening.

[0087] According to an embodiment, viscose and polylactic acid are included in the pair of leg barrier cuffs. According to another embodiment, the pair of barrier cuffs comprises a first group of polymers (cl’) chosen from thermoplastic polymers comprising -CH2-CH2- units, more preferably chosen from PE, PP, PET or combinations thereof one or more degradation agents (c2) for degrading the group of polymers (cl). In this manner, containment, in particular liquid containment, by aid of the pair of barrier cuffs may be improved.

[0088] According to an embodiment, viscose and polylactic acid are included in the ADL layer.

[0089] According to embodiment, the ADL layer comprises at least two thermoplastic polymers, preferably PE and PP and one or more degradation agents for degrading the at least two thermoplastic polymers, preferably PE and PP. In this manner, a compostable article may be achieved which includes a desired ADL performance.

[0090] According to a specific embodiment, absorbent core (C) comprises a core wrap sheet and the article comprises viscose and polylactic acid, wherein the viscose and polylactic acid (PLA) are included within the core wrap sheet (top and / or bottom, depending on need and application).Advantageously, the flexibility of the article may be improved, in particular between the legs when worn, which further benefits comfort of the wearer.

[0091] The absorbent article preferably comprises calcium carbonate (al) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt %, preferably in the range of 1 - 4 wt %, more preferably in the range of 1 - 3 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article; preferably wherein Calcium Carbonate is included in the backsheet (BS). Within this range, the benefits related to the calcium carbonate are highly significant, additionally, a desired product & production performance is achieved.

[0092] The absorbent article preferably comprises Mineral Oil (a2) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt %, preferably 1 - 3 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article. Within this range, the benefits related to the Mineral Oil are highly significant, additionally, a desired product & production performance is achieved.

[0093] The absorbent article preferably comprises Viscose (a3) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt % , preferably 1 - 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article. Within this range, the benefits related to the Viscose are highly significant, additionally, a desired product & production performance is achieved.

[0094] According to an embodiment, and based on the total weight of the article, the article comprises calcium carbonate (al) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt % in the range of 1 - 3 wt %; and comprises Mineral Oil (a2) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt %, preferably 1 - 3 wt %; and comprises Viscose (a3) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt % , preferably 1 - 15 wt %.

[0095] According to an embodiment, and based on the total weight of the article, the article comprises calcium carbonate (al) in an amount in the range of 1 - 3 wt %;

[0096] and comprises Viscose (a3) in an amount in the range of 1 - 15 wt %; and

[0097] preferably comprises Mineral Oil (a2) in an amount in the range of 1 - 3 wt %.

[0098] Advantageously, an article is thereby provided with improved ecological matters and without limiting performance, such as product and functional performance (benefiting the wearer) and production performance (benefitting manufacturers).

[0099] According to an embodiment, the Viscose (a3) is included in a component of the absorbent article comprising polylactic acid (PLA), more preferably the Viscose (a3) is included in at least twocomponents of the absorbent article together with the polylactic acid (PLA). Preferably, Viscose and Pla are included in the backsheet and in a core wrap sheet.

[0100] According to an embodiment, the article comprises at least two, preferably at least three layers comprising viscose (a3) and at least two layers comprising PLA. Accordingly, an article can be achieved with a desired composting characteristic and a high performance (e.g. due to comfort for the wearer).

[0101] Preferably, the absorbent article is a wearable article that comprises one or more skin contacting sheets that directly contact a wearer when the article is worn by said wearer, wherein the one or more skin contacting sheets comprise Viscose (a3), preferably in combination with polylactic acid (PLA).

[0102] According to a preferred embodiment, the topsheet (TS) comprises an SMS nonwoven comprising a thermoplastic polymer, preferably PP and a degrader; wherein the impervious backsheet (BS) comprises a PLA, preferably in combination with an additive chosen from Mineral Oil and / or Calcium Carbonate; wherein the absorbent core (C) comprises a top core wrap sheet (TCW) and a bottom core wrap sheet (BCW); wherein the top core wrap sheet comprises an SMS non wo ven comprising a thermoplastic polymer, preferably PP and a degrader; and wherein the bottom core wrap sheet comprises an SMS nonwoven comprising a thermoplastic polymer, preferably PP and a degrader. Extensive testing have provided that this embodiment achieves desired performance and compositing degradation. The top core wrap sheet (TCW) and / or bottom core wrap sheet (BCW) preferably comprises an additive chosen from Mineral Oil and / or Calcium Carbonate.

[0103] Preferably, substantially all nonwovens within the article comprise the same thermoplastic polymer. By using the same thermoplastic polymer (e.g. PP), performance may be increased while composting may be facilitated while e.g. including only one type of degrader. Preferably, wherein substantially all nonwovens within the article comprise a thermoplastic polymer chosen from PP. Thus, according to an embodiment, the article comprises one or more nonwoven materials, wherein substantially all nonwoven materials within the article comprise the same thermoplastic polymer, preferably PP, in combination with a degrader. In this manner, the nonwovens contribute to the desired properties in view of performance and composition. The term "substantially all nonwovens" refers to the condition wherein a majority, or nearly all, of the nonwoven components within the structure meet the stated requirement.The one or more degradation agents can be any suitable degrading agent or combination that degrades polymers from the group of polymers (cl). According to an embodiment, the one or more degradation agents (c2) comprise at least a microorganism or an enzyme, or a mixture thereof.

[0104] According to an embodiment, the SAP is SAP derived from renewable biological sources, such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, alginate.

[0105] According to a preferred embodiment, the SAP is a starch based SAP.

[0106] A preferred embodiment provides an absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervious topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; wherein the absorbent article, based on the total weight of the absorbent article, comprises:

[0107] • a first fraction Fl consisting of polylactic acid (PLA); wherein Fl is present in an amount of 2 - 28 wt%;

[0108] • a second fraction F2 consisting of:

[0109] o a group of polymers (cl) including:

[0110] ■ a first group of polymers (cl') chosen from PE, PP, PET or combinations thereof; and

[0111] ■ a second group of polymers (cl") chosen from elastomers;

[0112] o and one or more degradation agents (c2) comprising at least one microorganism or enzyme for degrading the group of polymers (cl);

[0113] o wherein F2 is present in an amount of 3 - 15 wt%;

[0114] • a third fraction F3 consisting of absorbent material (AM) consisting of cellulose and / or a superabsorbent polymer (SAP), wherein the said superabsorbent polymer (SAP) is derived from renewable biological sources, such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, alginate; and wherein F3 is present in an amount of 30 - 75 wt%.

[0115] This embodiment provides an absorbent article that strategically combines biodegradable materials like PLA and more environmentally friendly SAP (as compared to conventional SAP) with high-performance polymers such as PE and PP.

[0116] The inclusion of a specific degradation agent, such as a microorganism or enzyme, uniquely enables the breakdown of the PE and PP polymers during the composting process. Consequently, this approach achieves a superior balance between ecological compostability and the essential functional performance, durability, and fit expected from a modern absorbent article.An embodiment provides for an absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; and wherein the topsheet (TS), backsheet (BS), and the absorbent core (C) substantially consist of materials that break down in accordance with the methodology outlined in Norm ISO 14855 (Edition 2, 2018), wherein the absorbent article further comprises a mineral oil (a2) and / or a laminate comprising viscose (a3) and polylactic acid. This further aspect provides an absorbent article where the main structural components are verifiably degradable according to the industrial standard ISO 14855, ensuring a high degree of ecological responsibility. The strategic inclusion of a laminate combining soft viscose with polylactic acid (PLA), along with additives like mineral oil, significantly enhances wearer comfort, softness, and breathability. Consequently, this design successfully achieves a superior balance between certified compostability and the functional performance attributes required for a high-quality absorbent product.

[0117] A further aspect provides for an absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervious topsheet (TS) comprising PLA, a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) comprising PLA; and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; wherein the absorbent article further comprises mineral oil. This aspect provides an absorbent article primarily constructed from polylactic acid (PLA) for both its topsheet and backsheet, establishing a strong foundation for compostability and reducing environmental impact by using a renewable, biodegradable material. Furthermore, the inclusion of mineral oil further enhances this ecological goal by improving the overall composting process, while also providing a significant manufacturing advantage by improving production performance. Therefore, this design creates a product that is not only ecologically advanced due to its core materials but is also optimized for efficient industrial production. The absorbent core (C) preferably comprises cellulose and / or a starch-based SAP, in particular SAP having a starch-based backbone onto which sodium polyacrylate chains are grafted. This absorbent article preferably comprises viscose, included in the same component as where the PLA is included, e.g. the topsheet and / or backsheet can be a laminate comprising viscose and polylactic acid.

[0118] A further aspect provides for an absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervious topsheet (TS) comprising PLA, a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) comprising PLA; and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; wherein the absorbent article comprises a top core wrapsheet and a bottom core wrap sheet wherein the top core wrap sheet comprises a thermoplastic polymer, such as P, and a degrader; wherein the bottom core wrap sheet comprises PLA.

[0119] This aspect provides an absorbent article with a unique core wrap system. This specific dualmaterial construction improves the structural stability of the absorbent core and this design maintains the overall compostability of the article while strategically using different materials to achieve an optimal balance between ecological responsibility and functional reliability.

[0120] An embodiment provides an absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervious topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; and wherein

[0121] the topsheet (TS) and the backsheet (BS) comprises a material independently chosen from:

[0122] Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT), Polycaprolactone (PCL), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Polyhydroxy alkanoates (PH A), Polybutylene Succinate (PBS), a starch based blend or combinations thereof; preferably Polylactic Acid (PLA), Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Polybutylene Succinate (PBS), a starch based blend or combinations thereof; more preferably polylactic acid (PLA);

[0123] wherein the absorbent core (C) comprises a material chosen from: cellulose and / or biodegradable SAP, preferably wherein the biodegradable SAP is SAP derived from renewable biological sources, such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, alginate; more preferably wherein the biodegradable SAP is a starch based SAP; wherein the absorbent article further comprises calcium carbonate (al), mineral oil (a2), and viscose (a3).

[0124] The features of the aspects described herein can be combined without departing from the present scope of disclosure.

[0125] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0126] The invention will now be described in more details with respect to the drawings illustrating some preferred embodiments of the invention.

[0127] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a diaper.

[0128] Figure 2 illustrates a top plan view of the diaper of figure 1 in a laid flat condition.

[0129] Figure 3A and Figure 3B illustrates possible core arrangements as seen along the along section line A-A in Figure 2.Figure 4 (see 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j, 4k, 41) illustrates absorbent core configurations with several possible channel area configurations as seen from a top view. Figure 5 A, Figure 5B, Figure 5C, Figure 5D, Figure 5E illustrate several absorbent cores with possible channel area configurations as seen from a cross sectional view.

[0130] In the detailed description, elements identified with the same reference numerals are intended to denote components that are substantially the same in structure, function, or purpose. The use of identical reference numerals signifies that these components are the same and exhibit similarities in design and operation and are thus associated with comparable technical benefits.

[0131] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0132] The present disclosure provides for at least two aspects which will now be further explained herein. It is understandable that the details explained for one aspect are equally applicable to the other aspect, unless explicitly noted otherwise.

[0133] Diapers are designed to provide a convenient and effective way to manage a baby's or an incontinent person's bodily discharges. Diapers comprise components that work together to ensure comfort, absorption, and containment. It has now been found that by making diaper components from a carefully selection of biodegradable materials, that an improved diaper can be achieved.

[0134] Being “compostable” can be understood as that the article breaks down over time, more in particular that the article breaks down within a reasonable timeframe, preferably within 3 months to a year, when exposed to composting conditions. In particular composting conditions that include at least exposure to one or more of the following: exposure to a raised temperature (i.e. a temperature above 40 °C, in particular between 40 - 80 °C, more in particular 54 - 75 °C), a prolonged exposure to moisture, exposure to anaerobic or aerobic environments. In preferred embodiments, the article exhibits compostability as evaluated in accordance with the methodology outlined in Norm ISO 14855 (Edition 2, 2018) (Biodegradation testing under industrial composting conditions at high temperature). The degree of degradation is quantified relative to the biodegradation of cellulose, wherein the article demonstrates a minimum biodegradation rate exceeding 35% after 60 days, surpassing 55% after 120 days, and exceeding 70% after 180 days under the specified test conditions according to Norm ISO 14855. More preferably, the topsheet (TS), backsheet (BS), and the absorbent core (C) substantially consist of one or more consist of materials that break down in accordance with the methodology outlined in Norm ISO 14855 (Edition 2, 2018).Figure 1 shows an example an absorbent article (AA), in the form of a diaper, with a liquid pervious topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C). The core has absorbent material (AM) and two channel areas (CA). Any of these components may have the features, in particular comprise, preferably consist of the biodegradable materials, as described earlier herein, to allow for easy breakdown to facilitate composting of the article.

[0135] Figure 1 further shows an article designed with materials chosen to meet the fraction requirements Fl, F2, F3 as described herein. In doing so, the a desired balance between compostability of the diaper and diaper performance (incl. both product and production performance) could be achieved.

[0136] Top sheet

[0137] The top sheet (TS) is typically the outermost layer of the diaper, intended to be in contact with the baby's or wearer's skin. It is typically made of a soft, nonwoven fabric designed to wick moisture away from the skin, keeping it dry and preventing irritation. The top sheet (TS) as shown in the figures can have the features as described earlier in the summary section, in particular to allow for easy breakdown to facilitate composting of the article. The liquid pervious top sheet may be made of a liquid pervious sheet or the topsheet it may be made from a liquid impervious sheet provided with a cut-out window to expose an underlying component.

[0138] The top sheet preferably comprises materials which are part of the first fraction, that is the top sheet preferably comprises a bioplastic (bl), preferably polylactic acid (PL A). While PL A is a preferred bioplastic, other bioplastics may be used.

[0139] In a particular embodiment, the term “bioplastic” refers to a plastic material that is biodegradable. For example, meaning the bioplastic can be either biobased (derived from renewable resources) (e.g. e.g. PLA, PHA, PBS, Starch Blends) or fossil-based (derived from petroleum) but modified to be biodegradable (e.g. PBAT, PCL). The “biodegradable” characteristic can be determined via the ISO 14855 standard (Edition 2, 2018).

[0140] Therefore, suitable bioplastics for use in the absorbent article include, but are not limited to, biodegradable plastics that are also biobased, such as Poly lactic Acid (PLA), Polyhydroxy alkanoates (PHA), Polybutylene Succinate (PBS), and various starch blends. Additionally, suitable bioplastics may also include biodegradable plastics that are fossil-based and modified, such as Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT) and Polycaprolactone (PCL).While the primary criterion for a material to be considered a bioplastic (bl) is its biodegradability, bioplastics (e.g. PBAT, PCL, PLA, PHA, PBS, Starch Blends) that are also biobased are particularly preferred (e.g. PLA, PHA, PBS, Starch Blends). These preferred materials, such as PLA, offer further ecological benefits by being derived from renewable resources, aligning with the objective of reducing the overall environmental impact of the absorbent article.

[0141] The bioplastic is preferably chosen from PLA since it is derived from renewable resources like corn starch, sugarcane, or tapioca roots. Unlike traditional plastics made from fossil fuels, PLA is biodegradable under industrial composting conditions and thus has lower carbon footprint.

[0142] According to a preferred embodiment, the bioplastic is preferably chosen from the group comprising Polylactic Acid (PLA), Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Polybutylene Succinate (PBS), a starch based blend or combinations thereof.

[0143] Preferably, the topsheet (TS) and the backsheet (BS) each comprise biodegradable sheets, preferably biodegradable nonwoven sheets. The biodegradable sheets can decompose returning to the environment in a more eco-friendly manner, benefiting the eco-friendly usage of the article.

[0144] Preferably, the topsheet (TS) and / or the backsheet (BS) are nonwoven sheets (NW1, NW2) that comprises, preferably consist of, one or more bioplastic materials, preferably biobased materials. As is generally applicable herein, the “bioplastic” refers to materials that can be broken down upon exposure to compositing conditions, optionally facilitated by additional degradation agents.

[0145] In particular, bioplastic that can be broken down in accordance with the methodology outlined in Norm ISO 14855 (Edition 2, 2018). These bioplastics have the benefit that they decompose within a reasonable timeframe, and do not persist in the environment as pollutants or waste. Generally applicable herein, the bioplastic may be a material chosen from polylactic acid (PLA).

[0146] More preferably, the topsheet (TS) and / or the backsheet (BS) comprises a material chosen from polylactic acid (PLA), preferably combined with at least one of: viscose, mineral oil and calcium carbonate.

[0147] According to an embodiment, the topsheet (TS) and / or the backsheet (BS) comprises a material chosen from poly lactic acid (PLA), combined with at least one of: mineral oil and calcium carbonate and preferably viscose. In this manner, the ecological requirements may be met while increasing product and production performance.Preferably, the topsheet (TS) and the backsheet (BS) comprises a material chosen from polylactic acid (PLA), wherein at least one of the topsheet (TS) and the backsheet (BS) further comprises viscose.

[0148] Preferably, the topsheet (TS) and the backsheet (BS) comprises a material chosen from polylactic acid (PLA), wherein at least one of the topsheet (TS) and the backsheet (BS) further comprises viscose and calcium carbonate. In this manner, product performance (comfort) can be increased significantly while benefitting composting performance.

[0149] Back sheet

[0150] The back sheet (BS) is typically the outermost layer on the backside of the diaper. The back sheet is often made waterproof or moisture -resistant to prevent leaks and keep the moisture contained within the diaper. The back sheet (BS) as shown in the figures can have the features as described herein, in particular to allow for easy breakdown to facilitate composting of the article.

[0151] The back sheet (BS) preferably comprises materials which are part of the first fraction, that is the top sheet preferably comprises a bioplastic (bl), preferably polylactic acid (PLA). While PLA is a preferred bioplastic, other bioplastics as described herein may be used. The backsheet (BS) preferably further comprises viscose and / or mineral oil. Generally applicable herein, PLA is the preferred bioplastic. According to an embodiment, the backsheet (BS) preferably comprises viscose and mineral oil and PLA. Advantageously, by designing the backsheet to include viscose and mineral oil and PLA, a highly desired article can be achieved which is beneficial in view of ecological standpoints and performance.

[0152] Absorbent core and absorbent material

[0153] The absorbent core (C) includes absorbent material (AM) (not shown in figure 1 , shown in figures 3A, 3B). The absorbent core (C) of a diaper is typically the area where the majority of moisture is captured and held. The core comprises may absorbent materials like fluff pulp and SAP to absorb and hold onto liquids. SAP, in particular, has the ability to absorb many times its weight in liquid, making it a crucial component for diaper effectiveness. To improve liquid distribution through the core, it is desired that one or more channels are incorporated to facilitate liquid distribution.

[0154] It is preferred that biobased SAP is used within the core. The biobased SAP typically comprises a cross-linked polymeric network derived from renewable biomass sources.The absorbent core (C) and absorbent material (AM) components as shown in the figures may have any of the features as described earlier herein (e.g. core wrap sheet, ADL, channels).

[0155] The absorbent core (C) may have one or more wrap sheets, e.g. a top core wrap sheet (TCW) and bottom core wrap sheet (BCW) (as better seen figures 3 and 5) as will be further described. It is also possible that only one core wrap sheet (CW) is used (not illustrated).

[0156] It is preferred that the absorbent material absorbent material (AM) comprises

[0157] cellulose and / or biodegradable SAP. Understandably, “SAP” and “Superabsorbent Polymer” can be used interchangeably.

[0158] The SAP preferably comprises a biobased backbone. SAP with a biobased backbone refers to a type of superabsorbent material in which the primary polymer structure is derived from renewable biological sources, such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, alginate.

[0159] A preferred SAP is chosen from a poly acrylate with a starch based backbone. Preferably a SAP that comprises a starch-based backbone onto which sodium polyacrylate chains are grafted or otherwise integrated. The starch backbone, can be derived from renewable sources such as corn, potato, cassava, or other plant-based materials, serves as the primary polymer matrix. To enhance its superabsorbent properties, acrylic acid (A A) or sodium acrylate (NaAA) monomers can be graft-polymerized onto the starch structure.

[0160] More preferably, the cellulose and / or biodegradable SAP should be included in the absorbent article in an amount of 30 - 75 wt %, preferably 40 - 70 wt %, such as about 65 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article. By working within this range, the desired balance between compostability and performance can be further increased. Any biodegradable SAP may be used, preferably a biodegradable SAP that is starch based.

[0161] The biodegradable SAP are preferably SAP’ s comprising hydrolysable and / or enzymatically cleavable bonds selected from ester, amide, or glycosidic bonds. In this manner, they provide a more renewable option as compared to conventional synthetic polyacrylate-based SAPs.

[0162] According to an embodiment, the term “degradable” as used in relation to a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) refers to the understanding that the polymer network comprises chemical linkages susceptible to cleavage under environmental or physiological conditions, in particular hydrolyticand / or enzymatic conditions, such that the polymer structure is capable of breaking down into smaller fragments over time (in particular as compared to conventional petroleum based SAP’s). According to an embodiment, the biodegradable SAP is chosen from: SAP based on cellulose, SAP based on chitin, SAP based on chitosan, SAP based on starch, SAP based on protein, SAP derived from alginate, or a mixture thereof. More preferably, the biodegradable SAP comprises SAP based on starch. Even more preferably, the biodegradable SAP comprises a starch-based backbone wherein sodium polyacrylate is grafted onto or otherwise integrated with the starch backbone According to an embodiment, the cellulose is present in an amount of 10 - 55 wt % and wherein the biodegradable SAP is present in an amount of 20 - 65 wt % and wherein more SAP is present than cellulose. In this manner, product performance (incl. liquid uptake) can be increased further, while providing a desired compostable characteristic.

[0163] Region front and back

[0164] The back region (BR) is understood as region of the article intended to be adjacent or near the back of the wearer when worn. The front region (FR) is understood as the region adjacent or near the belly of the wearer when worn.

[0165] Channel Area

[0166] The article further includes one or more channel areas (CA) which may facilitate composting. In a channel area less absorbent material per surface area is present as compared to zones surrounding the one or more channel areas. Preferably, substantially no absorbent material is present in the one or more channel areas.

[0167] Figure 4 shows possible channel configurations. The channel(s) serve the function of distributing and directing the flow of liquid away from the wearers skin, helping to keep dry and comfortable feel. Additionally, the channel(s) may facilitate composting as a result of a larger area exposure to compost factors and conditions.

[0168] Figure 2 illustrates a top plan view of the diaper of figure 1 in a laid flat condition.

[0169] Figures 1 and 2 further illustrate that the article has side panels (PS), located at the back region (BR). The side panels (PS) preferably comprise PEA. More preferably, the side panels comprise the combination of viscose and PEA. In this manner, comfort can be increased.Figures 1 and 2 further illustrate that the article may have a pair of barrier cuffs (BC) which preferably has one or more features, in particular biodegradable materials, as described earlier. Preferably, the pair of barrier cuffs (BC) comprises viscose and pla, preferably in combination with mineral oil and / or calcium carbonate.

[0170] Figures 3A - Figure 3B illustrates possible core arrangements as seen along the along line A-A in figure 2. The figures show top sheet (TS), back sheet (BS) and absorbent core (C) wherein absorbent material (AM) is arranged between top and bottom core wrap sheets (TCW, BCW).

[0171] An ADL layer is included in the article in Figure 3B. The ADL layer as used herein refers to a liquid distribution layer. The ADL layer can be positioned at any suitable location (see figures 5A to 5E), typically positioned beneath the topsheet, and optionally directly above (e.g. as shown in figure 3B) or directly beneath a top core wrap sheet (e.g. as shown in figure 5E). In this context, the term “directly” means that no further layers or materials are present therein between.

[0172] According to an embodiment, the ADL layer may be intermediate between the top core wrap sheet and absorbent material (e.g. in the case as shown by Figure 5C) . This layer helps to quickly absorb liquid and evenly distribute it across the absorbent core.

[0173] Preferably, and generally applicable herein, the article comprises an ADL layer arranged between the topsheet and the backsheet, wherein the ADL layer is chosen from an ATB nonwoven comprising polylactic acid (PLA). An ATB Nonwoven is made via air-through bonding, where heated air fuses fibers together. As a result, the nonwoven retains a looser, more open structure, aiding in degradation, hence further increasing compositing and / or biodegradability while the ALD layer increased product performance.

[0174] Core wraps

[0175] One or more core wraps (TCW, BCW) core wraps are used to keep the absorbent material in a desired position, in particular to keep the absorbent material together. Additionally, the core wraps may facilitate overall manufacturing of the diaper. Generally, the absorbent material is arranged between a top core wrap sheet (TCW) and a back core wrap sheet (BCW) (see figures 3A-3B).

[0176] The top core wrap sheet (TCWS) is preferably made from a spunbond meltblown spunbond non wo ven which comprises a polymer (cl’) chosen from thermoplastic polymers comprising -CH2-CH2- units, preferably PP, in combination with a degradation agent for degrading said thermoplasticpolymer. According to a particular embodiment, the top core wrap sheet is made from a spunbond meltblown spunbond nonwoven comprising PP and a degradation agent for degrading said PP, such as a suitable enzyme. Examples of enzymes which may assist in degrading the thermoplastic polymer are laccases, lipase, cutinase, and the like. Any of the preferred additives (mineral oil and calcium carbonate) may be introduced in the top core wrap sheet for improved ecological matters and product performance. According to an embodiment, there is suggested to use a spunbond meltblown spunbond nonwoven comprising PP and / or PE and one or more degradation agents for degrading said PP and / or PE in the topsheet and wherein the bottom sheet comprises PLA, in this manner, desired balance between compostability and performance can be further increased.

[0177] The bottom core wrap sheet (TBWS) is preferably made from materials forming part of the first or section fraction. The bottom core wrap sheet (TBWS) may comprise a polymers (cl’) chosen from thermoplastic polymers comprising -CH2-CH2- units, preferably PP and a suitable degrader. Or the bottom core wrap sheet (TBWS) is preferably made from a bioplastic. According to an embodiment, the bottom core wrap sheet (TBWS) is made from PLA, more in particular the bottom core wrap sheet (TBWS) is made an SB nonwoven made from PLA, (e.g. a 16 gsm SB nonwoven). Any of the preferred additives (mineral oil and calcium carbonate and viscose) may be introduced in the bottom core wrap sheet for improved ecological matters and product performance.

[0178] According to an embodiment, the top core wrap sheet and bottom core wrap sheet (TBWS) are made materials chosen from fraction Fl and fraction F2 including the thermoplastic polymer and degradation agent, wherein one wrap sheet comprises one of Fl or F2 including the thermoplastic polymer and degradation agent, while the other wrap sheet comprises the other one of Fl and F2 including the thermoplastic polymer and degradation agent. In doing so, improved core stability (benefitting product performance) can be achieved while maintaining a desired composting capacity. For example, the top sheet may be made from materials from the second fraction, that is the top core wrap sheet is preferably made from a (e.g. 11 gsm) SMS PP nonwoven in combination with a suitable degradation agent, preferably with the back core wrap sheet being made from a (e.g. 16 gsm) PEA based SB nonwoven.

[0179] Acquisition and distribution layer or ADE

[0180] An ADL layer may be arranged between the top core wrap sheet (TCW) and the top sheet (TS) (see figure 3B) and / or may be arranged on top of the top core wrap sheet (see figure 5B, 5D).An acquisition and distribution layer, also called an ADL layer, helps to keep the wearer dry. An ADL layer can be placed within the core (see figures, 3B, 5A, 5C), in particular between the absorbent material (AM) and a top core wrap sheet (TCW). Additionally, or alternatively, an ADL layer can be placed on top of the core (see figures 5B, 5D), in particular between the top core wrap and the top sheet. The ADL layer may have any of the features as described earlier herein.

[0181] Elastic materials

[0182] Elastic material (E) are usually integrated into the diaper design to provide a snug fit and prevent leaks. Preferably, one or more elastics (E) are include which are biodegradable. Elastics can be applied via any suitable technique and elastic material (E) can be included at any suitable position within the diaper to provide a snug fit.

[0183] Generally, it is preferred that the article comprises comprise elastomers (e.g. as part of fraction F2) which can be degraded by aid of a degradation agent, an example is biodegradable Lycra, although every suitable elastomer and degradation agent combination can be used.

[0184] More specifically, the article includes at least one polymer which is an elastomer and which is biodegradable, that is which can be degraded by aid of a suitable degradation agent.

[0185] The elastomer(s) within the article may represent 0,03 - 5 wt% of the total weight of the absorbent article and form part of the second fraction F2 as described herein, (together with the polymers of the first group).

[0186] Notably, the elastic material (E), including elastomer and suitable degradation agent, is preferably included at least around the leg cuffs and the back waist area to ensure that the diaper conforms to the wearer's body shape. Elastic material (E) may be included in the back region and / or front region, in particular elastic material may be included in the side panels (SP). Preferably one or more of: leg elastics, waist elastics, front, back elastic are included wherein each of these may have a combination of an elastic polymer and a degrading agent as described earlier herein.

[0187] As seen in figure 1 and 2, preferably, ear panels, such as front ear panels (FE) can be included to allow for easy and secure fastening, making it possible to adjust the diaper to the appropriate size and ensure a snug fit. The ear panels preferably comprise adhesive tabs and / or hook-type closures.

[0188] The ear panels preferably comprise PLA, preferably an SB nonwoven comprising PLA, thepreferred additions as described herein (incl. mineral oil, calcium carbonate) may be included within the ears.

[0189] Waist guard pocket

[0190] Figure 1 further shows the presence of waist guard pockets (GP). The waist guard pockets in a diaper help prevent leaks, especially around the waist area. These pockets preferably comprises PLA, preferably in combination with viscose, in this manner a soft, flexible pocket is provided that increases product performance and ecological benefits.

[0191] With respect to the structural features of the transversal waist guard pockets, reference is made to EP patent application 25164573.5, in the name of the applicant and which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0192] Fasteners & Landing zone

[0193] Figure 1 further illustrates that each side panel (SP) is provided with a tape zone (TZ).

[0194] The tape zone preferably comprises PEA (e.g. 120 gsm PEA based tape), optionally combined with the preferred additives as described herein (i.e. mineral oil and / or calcium carbonate and / or viscose).

[0195] According to an embodiment the each side panel (SP) is provided with a tape zone (TZ) comprising PLA and viscose.

[0196] Figure 1 further shows that the tape zone is provided with hook elements (HE). The hook elements (HE) may be configured to engage with a frontal tape element (FT) arranged in the front region which forms a landing zone (EZ) for the hook elements (HE).

[0197] Generally, the frontal tape element (FT) preferably comprises a PEA based tape (e.g. 40 gsm).

[0198] Preferably, a landing zone (LZ) is arranged located on the front or side of the diaper which is configured to engage with a corresponding fastener on an opposite ear panel in order to secure the diaper in place.Figure 1 illustrates that a frontal tape element (FT) is arranged on the backsheet which can function as a landing zone for the hook elements (HE), the frontal tape element is preferably made from PLA (e.g. 40 gsm .

[0199] Figure 2 illustrates a top plan view of the diaper of figure 1 in a laid flat condition, in particular seen from the back sheet’s side. The figure shows the back sheet (BS), side panels (SP) each having a tape zone (TZ) which may engage with the frontal tap (FT).

[0200] The presence of the core (C), the channel area’s (CA) and the barrier cuffs (BC) are indicated with dashed lines as they are typically not visible from the back sheet’s side. Figure 2 further illustrates that the diaper can have front ears (FE) for improved fitting adjustment.

[0201] Figures 3A - 3B illustrate possible core (C) arrangements as seen along the along line A-A in figure 2.

[0202] The one or more channel areas can have several shapes, examples thereof are shown in figure 4. Figure 4 illustrates absorbent core (C) configurations with several possible channel area (CA) configurations as seen from a top view. Preferred channel arrangements are shown in 4i and 4j. The top core wrap sheet (TCW) may be attached to the back core wrap sheet (BCW) in the area defined by the channel area (CA) via any suitable attachment technique. Optionally, the ADL layer may be attached as well within the area defined by the channel area (CA) (see figure 5C).

[0203] Figures 5A-5E illustrates several absorbent cores (C) with possible channel area (CA) configurations as seen from a cross sectional view. Figure 5A illustrates that the ADL layer is between the top core wrap sheet (TCW) and the absorbent material (AM). Figure 5B illustrates that the ADL layer is arranged on top of the top core wrap sheet (TCW). Figure 5C illustrate further the presence of two channel area’s (CA). The ADL may be attached within the channel area’s (CA).

[0204] Figure 5E illustrates that a film (F) is arranged directly adjacent the top sheet (TS) and top core wrap sheet (TCW). The film (F) may however be placed directly adjacent or between any of adjacent one or more of the top sheet, the back sheet, the top core wrap sheet, the bottom core wrap sheet. Preferably, the film has any of the features as described earlier herein.

[0205] Abbreviations & Glossary

[0206] Herein, the abbreviation “NW” refers to “nonwoven” and can be used interchangeably.Herein, the abbreviation “SMS” refers to “Spunbond-meltblown-spunbond” or “Spunbond-meltblown-spunbond (SMS)” and can be used interchangeably.

[0207] Herein, the abbreviation “ATB” refers to “through-air-bonded” or “air-through-bonded” and can be used interchangeably.

[0208] Herein, the abbreviation “SB” refers to “Spunbond” and can be used interchangeably.

[0209] Herein, the abbreviation “gsm” refers to “gram per square meter” or “ g / m2” and refers to the basis weight per unit area, and can be used interchangeably.

[0210] Herein, the abbreviation “PLA” or “Pla”’ or “pla” refers to “polylactic acid” and can be used interchangeably.

[0211] As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings. "A", "an", and "the" as used herein refers to both singular and plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. By way of example, "an edge barrier" refers to one or more than one edge barrier. "About" as used herein referring to a measurable value such as a parameter, an amount, a temporal duration, and the like, is meant to encompass variations of + / -20% or less, preferably +7-10% or less, more preferably +7-5% or less, even more preferably +7-1% or variations are appropriate to perform in the disclosed invention. However, it is to be understood that the value to which the modifier "about" refers is itself also specifically disclosed. "Absorbent article", "absorbent garment", "absorbent product", "absorbing article", "absorbing garment", "absorbing product" and the like as used herein are used interchangeably and refer to devices that absorb and contain bodily exudates, and more specifically, refers to devices that are placed against or in proximity to the body of the wearer to absorb and contain the various liquids discharged from the body. Absorbent articles include but are not limited to feminine hygiene garments, baby diapers and pants, adult incontinence garments, various diaper and pants holders, liners, towels, absorbent inserts and the like. "Absorbent core" as used herein refers to a three-dimensional part of the absorbent structure, comprising liquid-absorbing material, useful to permanently absorb and / or retain bodily exudates. "Absorbent component" as used herein refers to a structural constituent of an absorbent article, e.g., a piece of an absorbent core, such as one of multiple pieces in a multi-piece absorbent core. "Absorbent element" as used herein refers to a part of a functional constituent of an absorbent structure, e.g., a acquisition layer, a dispersion layer, core layer or a release structure formed of a material or materials having particular liquid handling characteristics suitable for the specific function. "Absorbent fibrous polymer material" as used herein refers to an absorbent polymer material which is in threadlike from such as fibers, filaments, and thelike so as to be less flowable in the dry state than particulates. "Absorbent insert" as used herein refers to a device adapted for insertion into an "Absorbent layer" as used herein refers to a term referring to a discrete, identifiable sheet-like or web-like element of an absorbent article which may remain detached and relatively movable with respect to another such element or may be attached or joined so as to remain permanently associated with another such element. Each absorbent layer may itself include a laminate or combination of several layers, sheets and / or webs of similar or diverse compositions. "Absorbent polymer material", "absorbent gelling material", "AGM", "super absorbent", "super absorbent material", "super absorbent polymer", "SAP" and the like as used herein are used interchangeably and refer to any suitable particulate (e.g., flaked, particulate, granular, or powdered) or fibrous cross linked polymeric materials that can absorb at least 5 times and preferably at least about 10 times or more its weight of an aqueous 0.9% saline solution as measured using the Centrifuge Retention Capacity test (EDANA 441.2-01). "Absorbent polymer material area" as used herein refers to the area of the absorbent structure wherein adjacent layers are separated by a multiplicity of absorbent polymer material. Incidental contact areas between these adjacent layers within the absorbent particulate polymer material area may be intentional (e.g bond area's) or unintentional (e.g. manufacturing artifacts). "Absorbent particulate polymer material" as used herein refers to an absorbent polymer material which is in particulate form such as powders, granules, flakes and the like so as to be flowable in the dry state. "Absorption" as used herein refers to the process by which a liquid is taken up within a material. "Absorption rate" as used herein refers to the rate of absorption of liquid, i.e. the amount of liquid which is absorbed per unit of time, typically by an absorbent component, element and / or absorbent layer of the absorbent article, structure and / or core. "Acquisition layer", "acquisition region", "acquisition surface" or "acquisition material" and the like as used herein refer to the layer overlying the absorbent core having a faster liquid uptake and / or distribution capability. "Absorbency" is the ability of a material to take up fluids by various means including capillary, osmotic, solvent, chemical and / or other action. "Adult incontinence garment" as used herein refers to absorbent articles intended to be worn by incontinent adults, for absorbing and containing bodily exudates. "Adhesion" as used herein refers to the force that holds different materials together at their interface. "Adhesive" as used herein refers to a material, which may or may not be flowable in solution or when heated, that is used to bond materials together. "Adsorption" as used herein refers to the process by which a liquid is taken up by the surface of a material. "Airlaying" as used herein refers to forming a web by dispersing fibers or particles in an air stream and condensing them from the air stream onto a moving screen by means of a pressure and / or vacuum; a web of fibers produced by airlaying is herein referred to an "airlaid" ; an airlaid web bonded by one or more techniques to provide fabric integrity is herein referred to an "airlaid nonwoven". "Apparent density", "density" as used herein refers to the basis weight of the sample divided by the caliper with appropriate unit conversions incorporated therein. Apparent density used herein has theunit g / cm3. "Attach", "attached" and "attachment" as used herein are synonymous with their counterparts of the terms "fasten", "affix", "secure", "bind", "join" and "link". "Baby diaper" as used herein refers to absorbent articles intended to be worn by children, for absorbing and containing bodily exudates which the user draws up between the legs and fastens about the waist of the wearer. "Baby pants" as used herein refers to absorbent articles marketed for use in transitioning children from diapers to underwear intended to cover the lower torso of children, so as to absorb and contain body exudates which article is generally configured like a panty garment and manufactured with a completed waist encircling portion, thereby eliminating the need for the user to fasten the article about the waist of the wearer. "Back region" as used herein refers to the portion of an absorbent article or part thereof that is intended to be positioned proximate the back of a wearer. "Backing" as used herein refers to a web or other material that supports and reinforces the back of a product. "Basis weight" is the weight per unit area of a sample reported in grams per square meter, g / m2 or gsm. "Bodily exudates", "body exudates", "bodily fluids", "body fluids", "bodily discharges", "body discharges".

[0212] EXAMPLES

[0213] Based on the content herein, it is understandable the absorbent article may have several components made with the same or similar materials. The examples shall be used to illustrate certain preferred embodiments and combinations of type of materials for the indicated article components.

[0214] Example 1 (Fractions Fl, F2, F3)

[0215] Several tests have been has been performed to make a desired compostable diaper without losing functional performance (liquid absorption, fitting, comfort etc... From extensive testing, the inventors have found that the following materials as indicated serve as preferred materials in the respective component (Top CW, Bot CW, SAP+Fluff , Top&Backsheet, etc... ).

[0216] Raw Article

[0217] Material(s) Fraction Material / Component

[0218] Type

[0219] Fl (polymer 11 gsm TOP CW (TCW) PP + Degrader

[0220] Core fraction) (SMS)

[0221]

[0222] F3 (absorbent (Absorbent SAP Biobased

[0223] fraction) ) F3 (absorbent (Absorbent FLUFF (Absorbent) Cellulose

[0224] fraction) ) BOTTOM CW F2 (polymer NW 11

[0225] PP + Degrader

[0226] (BCW) & degrader) gsm (SMS)

[0227] NW 16 or PLA Fl (bioplastic) gsm (SB) NW 16,5 TOPSHEET (TS) PLA Fl (bioplastic)

[0228] gsm (SB) Chassi

[0229] PLA & Mineral

[0230] s 52 gsm BACKSHEET (BS) Oil & CaCO3 & Fl (bioplastic) (BTBS) Viscose

[0231] PLA & Mineral

[0232] 40 gsm or Oil Fl (bioplastic)

[0233] (BTBS) (no Viscose)

[0234] 50 gsm Core / ADL

[0235] PE / PP + degrader ATB Chassi

[0236] 50 gsm s or PLA Fl (bioplastic)

[0237] 14 gsm CUFF (BC) PP + Degrader

[0238] SMS

[0239] 35 gsm FRONT EAR (FE) PLA Fl (bioplastic)

[0240] (SB) Chassi

[0241] s

[0242] FRONTAL TAPE PLA Fl (bioplastic) 40 gsm (FT) (for front zone)

[0243] TAPE(S) (TZ)

[0244] PLA based Tape Fl (bioplastic) 120 gsm (for side ears)

[0245]

[0246] Bio based

[0247] ELASTICS (E) Fl (bioplastic) 1

[0248] elastomer

[0249]

[0250] Table 1: Components and tested materia s.

[0251] The following examples demonstrate the selection and incorporation of the Fl, F2, and F3 fractions in the diaper materials used to make the diaper. Research and extensive testing have provided inventive insights that the fractions (Fl, F2, F3) contribute to the final product's compostability and performance (including wearing and production performance). A (hotmelt) glue may further be used within the article, preferably a biodegradable hotmelt glue.

[0252] Fractio Certain Material Share of Wt (%) based on n total of the article Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.

[0253] 1 2 3 4

[0254] Fl Thermoplastic Polymer(s) + Elastomer(s) + 8,4 8,1 9,5 9,5

[0255] Degrader

[0256] F2 PLA 17,2 11,6 9,7 7,0

[0257] PA Viscose 0,0 8,4 8,5 8,5

[0258] F3 SAP based on Sodium Polyacrylate (with Starch 38,4 37,2 37,4 37,4

[0259] backbone)

[0260] F3 Fluff based on Cellulose 27,5 26,5 26,7 26,7

[0261] Sum of F3 65,9 63,7 64,1 64,1 PA Mineral Oil 1,4 1,4 1,4 1,4 PA CaCO3 2,9 2,8 2,8 2,8

[0262] Hotmelt 4,1 4,0 4,0 4,0

[0263]

[0264] Table 2: Fraction of components

[0265] It was found that by including the materials in the manner as described herein could enhance the production process and performance characteristics of the compostable diaper according to the present invention.

[0266] Example 2 (Calcium Carbonate)Diaper examples have been made including materials as described herein.

[0267] Additional insights during research have further provided that by using CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) that the breathability characteristic could be improved (e.g. as compared with examples without calcium carbonate), in particular when the CaCO3 is included in an amount of at least 0.1 wt %, preferably in the range of 1 - 4 wt %, more preferably in the range of 1 - 3 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article.

[0268] Additionally, the CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) is also believed to be beneficial in view of an ecological standpoint as it may promote composting / degrading of the sheet or other type of material it is included within. The use of the CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) and associated benefits can be provided without dependency to the fractions (Fl, F2, F3). It preferred to include calcium carbonate in any one of the following components, in particular to improve performance (e.g. breathability) and compostability, included in the topsheet and / or backsheet and / or side ears or waistband and / or in the leg barrier cuffs and / or in a transversal guard pocket.

[0269] Example 3 (Viscose + Pla)

[0270] Diaper examples have been made including materials as described herein. Insights during diaper research have further provided that performance characteristics (including comfort) could be further improved by using viscose, as described herein. The use of the viscose and associated benefits can be provided without dependency to the fractions (Fl, F2, F3) and / or without dependency to the presence of calcium carbonate and / or mineral oil, although they are combinable therewith.

[0271] It is generally preferred that the viscose and PLA are used in combination within the article for improved comport and based on an eco-standpoint. While both viscose and Pla are desired in view of eco standpoint, the PLA is generally more rigid and hence the viscose may counteract and provide for improved comfort as a result of a more softer feel. The use of the Viscose and associated benefits can be provided without dependency to the fractions (Fl, F2, F3).

[0272] Example 4 (Mineral Oil)

[0273] Diaper examples have been made including materials as described herein and based thereon, it is further believed, without being bound to theory, that the mineral oil could stabilize certain organic materials, improving the overall composting process. However, mineral oil may slow downdecomposition if used excessively, so the mineral oil (if used) should be included in an amount of at most 3 wt%. It is further believed that the mineral oil can have a positive effect on production performance of the diaper. The use of the Mineral Oil (calcium carbonate) and associated benefits can be provided without dependency to the fractions (Fl, F2, F3). Preferably, the Mineral Oil (a2) is present in an amount of at least 0.1 wt %, preferably 1 - 3 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article

[0274] The skilled person will appreciate on the basis of the above description that the invention can be embodied in different ways and on the basis of different principles. The invention is not limited to the above described embodiments. The above described embodiments and the figures are purely illustrative and serve only to increase understanding of the invention. The invention will not therefore be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is defined in the claims.

Claims

Claims1. An absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervious topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet;whereinthe absorbent article, based on the total weight of the absorbent article, comprises:- a first fraction Fl consisting of a bioplastic (bl);wherein Fl is present in an amount of 2 - 28 wt %, preferably 5 - 20 wt %;- a second fraction F2 consisting of0 a group of polymers (cl) including a polymer chosen from- a first group of polymers (cl’) chosen from thermoplastic polymers comprising -CH2-CH2- units; and- a second group of polymers (cF) chosen from elastomers;0 one or more degradation agents (c2) for degrading the group of polymers (cl); wherein F2 is present in an amount of 3 - 15 wt %, preferably 5 - 12 wt%;- a third fraction F3 consisting of absorbent material (AM) consisting ofcellulose and / or biodegradable SAP; andwherein F3 is present in an amount of 30 - 75 wt %, preferably 40 - 70 wt %, such as about 65 wt %;preferably the article further comprising additives (PA) chosen from viscose and / or mineral oil and / or calcium carbonate.

2. The absorbent article (AA) of claim 1 ,wherein Fl, F2 and F3 together make up of at least 75 wt % of the based on the total weight of the absorbent article; and wherein components of fraction F3 are mainly present in the absorbent core (C).

3. The absorbent article (A A) of any of the former claims,wherein the bioplastic (bl) is biodegradable as be determined via the ISO 14855 standard; and wherein the one or more degradation agents (c2) comprise at least one microorganism or enzyme; and wherein the biodegradable SAP is biodegradable as be determined via the ISO 14855 standard.

4. The absorbent article (A A) of any of the former claims,wherein the polymers (cF) are chosen from PE, PP, PET or combinations thereof and wherein theone or more degraders (c2) include at least one microorganism or enzyme for degrading the chosen PE, PP, PET or combinations thereof.

5. The absorbent article (A A) of any of the former claims,wherein Fl, F2 and F3 together make up of at least 80 wt % of the based on the total weight of the absorbent article; and wherein Fl is present in an amount of 5 - 20 wt %; F2 is present in an amount of 3 - 15 wt %, preferably 5 - 12 wt %; preferably 40 - 70 wt %, such as about 65 wt %.

6. The absorbent article (A A) of any of the former claims,further comprising the Viscose.

7. The absorbent article (AA) of any of the former claims,further comprising Mineral Oil.

8. The absorbent article (A A) of any of the former claims,further comprising Calcium Carbonate, preferably wherein the Calcium Carbonate is included in a PE and / or a PP and / or a PEA based film.

9. The absorbent article (AA) of any of the former claims, wherein the cellulose is derived from bamboo, eucalyptus, pine tree or combinations thereoff.

10. The absorbent article (AA) of any of the former claims, wherein the cellulose is present in an amount of 10 - 55 wt % and wherein the biodegradable SAP is present in an amount of 20 - 65 wt %.

11. An absorbent article (AA), such as a diaper, comprising a liquid pervious topsheet (TS), a liquid impervious backsheet (BS) and an absorbent core (C) having at least one channel area (CA), said absorbent core positioned between the topsheet and the backsheet; andwhereinthe topsheet (TS), backsheet (BS), and the absorbent core (C) substantially consist of one or more materials which break down in a composting environment;whereinthe absorbent article further comprises calcium carbonate (al); and / or a mineral oil (a2), and preferably viscose (a3).

12. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein the absorbent article comprises a laminate comprising viscose and polylactic acid.

13. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein viscose is included in one or more of the following components of the absorbent article: the topsheet (TS), the backsheet (BS).

14. The absorbent article of the previous claim, wherein the article further comprises one or more of the following components, a core wrap sheet (TCW, BCW) comprises by the absorbent core (C), a waistband (WB) or a pair of side ears (SE), a pair of leg barrier cuffs (BC), an acquisition and distribution layer (ADL), one or two transversal waist guard pockets (GP), or a combinations thereof; preferably wherein viscose and polylactic acid are present in the same component of the absorbent article, such as wherein viscose and polylactic acid are present in the backsheet.

15. The absorbent article of any of claims 11 - 14, wherein the composting environment is defined by the test conditions of Norm ISO 14855 (Edition 2, 2018).

16. The absorbent article of any of the former claims, wherein the absorbent article comprises a top core wrap sheet and a bottom core wrap sheet wherein the top core wrap sheet comprises a thermoplastic polymer, such as P, and a degrader; wherein the bottom core wrap sheet comprises PLA.

17. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein viscose and polylactic acid are present in the backsheet; and / orwherein viscose and polylactic acid are present the topsheet.

18. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein the topsheet (TS) comprises polylactic acid (PLA) and wherein the backsheet (BS) polylactic acid (PLA); and wherein the absorbent core (C) comprises an absorbent material (AM) consisting of cellulose and / or a biodegradable superabsorbent polymer (SAP) having a biobased backbone.

19. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein viscose and polylactic acid in a core wrap sheet of the absorbent core (C), such as a top or bottom core wrap.

20. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein viscose and polylactic acid are present in a waistband.

21. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein viscose and polylactic acid are present in side ears.

22. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein viscose and polylactic acid are present in a pair of leg barrier cuffs.

23. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein viscose and polylactic acid are present in an ADL layer.

24. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein viscose and polylactic acid are present in in one or two transversal waist guard pockets, such as a front and rear guard pocket.

25. The absorbent article of any of the previous claims,further comprising Calcium Carbonate (al) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt %, preferably in the range of 1 - 3 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article; preferably wherein Calcium Carbonate is included in the backsheet (BS).

26. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein Calcium Carbonate is present in the backsheet.

27. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein Calcium Carbonate is present the topsheet.

28. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein Calcium Carbonate is a core wrap sheet of the absorbent core (C), such as a top or bottom core wrap.

29. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein Calcium Carbonate is present in a waistband or in side ears.

30. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein Calcium Carbonate is present in a pair of leg barrier cuffs.

31. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein Calcium Carbonate is present in a transversal guard pocket (GP), e.g. a front and / or a rear guard pocket.

32. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,further comprising Mineral Oil (a2) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt %, preferably 1 - 3 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article.

33. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,further comprising Viscose (a3) in an amount of at least 0.1 wt % , preferably 1 - 15 wt %, based on the total weight of the absorbent article.

34. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein the article comprises at least two, preferably at least three layers comprising viscose (a3) and at least two layers comprising PLA.

35. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein the absorbent article is a wearable article that comprises one or more skin contacting sheets that directly contact a wearer when the article is worn by said wearer, wherein at least one of the one or more skin contacting sheets comprise Viscose (a3).

36. The absorbent article of the previous claim,wherein at least one of the one or more skin contacting sheets comprise Viscose (a3) and polylactic acid (PLA).

37. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein the article comprises an acquisition and distribution layer (ADL) arranged between the topsheet and the backsheet, wherein the acquisition and distribution layer (ADL) is chosen from an ATB non wo ven comprising polylactic acid (PLA).

38. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein the topsheet (TS) comprises an SMS nonwoven comprising a thermoplastic polymer, preferably PP and a degrader; wherein the impervious backsheet (BS) comprises a PLA, preferably in combination with an additive chosen from Mineral Oil and / or Calcium Carbonate; wherein the absorbent core (C) comprises a top core wrap sheet (TCW) and a bottom core wrap sheet (BCW); wherein the top core wrap sheet comprises an SMS non wo ven comprising a thermoplasticpolymer, preferably PP and a degrader; and wherein the bottom core wrap sheet comprises an SMS nonwoven comprising a thermoplastic polymer, preferably PP and a degrader.

39. The absorbent article of any of the former claims,wherein substantially all nonwovens within the article comprise the same thermoplastic polymer.

40. The absorbent article of any of the former claims, preferably wherein substantially all nonwovens within the article comprise a thermoplastic polymer chosen from PP.

41. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the bioplastic (bl) of the first fraction Fl is a biodegradable plastic material, which can be either biobased or fossil-based.

42. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the bioplastic (bl) is biodegradable as be determined via the ISO 14855 standard.

43. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the bioplastic (bl) of the first fraction Fl is a component chosen from the group:Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate (PBAT), Polycaprolactone (PCL), Polylactic Acid (PLA), Polyhydroxy alkanoates (PH A), Polybutylene Succinate (PBS), a starch based blend or combinations thereof.

44. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the bioplastic (bl) of the first fraction Fl is a component chosen from the group:Poly lactic Acid (PLA), Polyhydroxy alkanoates (PH A), Polybutylene Succinate (PBS), a starch based blend or combinations thereof.

45. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the bioplastic (bl) is polylactic acid (PLA).

46. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the one or more degradation agents (c2) comprise at least one microorganism or enzyme.

47. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the biodegradable SAP is SAP derived from renewable biological sources, such as starch, cellulose, chitosan, alginate.

48. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the biodegradable SAP is a starch based SAP.

49. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims, wherein the biodegradable SAP comprises a starch-based backbone wherein sodium polyacrylate is grafted onto or otherwise integrated with the starch backbone.

50. The absorbent article according to any one of the previous claims,wherein the article exhibits compostability as evaluated in accordance with the methodology outlined in Norm ISO 14855 (Edition 2, 2018).

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