Full-caliber projectile with stabilizing fins and dampers

Abstract

The invention relates to ammunition for firearms, and more particularly to a full-caliber projectile having stabilizing fins, pins and dampers. When a powder charge is ignited, the steel body of the projectile cuts through grooves or threads of the dampers, the dampers being made of non-ferrous metals. The projectile is then centered along the barrel by the fins or pins. The dampers, together with a packing, exit the barrel after the projectile. The effectiveness of such a design has shown excellent results. For example, in a cartridge for a 308 Win. rifled barrel, the weight of the powder charge is 2.8 grams, the weight of the bullet is 10 grams, and the velocity is 800 m / s. ln the claimed embodiment, the weight of the projectile is 30 grams, the weight of the powder charge is 2.3 grams, and the velocity is 520 m / s. These are average figures; the efficiency is apparent. The pitch of the thread of the dampers and on the body of the projectile is 1.25 mm, which is a standard thread. Shots were fired using a 12-gauge weapon.

Description

[0001] Description of the invention

[0002] IPC: F42B 5 / 307, F42B 7 / 10, F42B 10 / 04, F42B 12 / 06, 42B 12 / 16 Caliber projectile with stabilizing tail plates and dampers.

[0003] The invention relates to ammunition for smooth-bore and rifled firearms

[0004] Known inventions: this is a finned sabot bullet for smoothbore barrels. Authors: D.I. Shiryaev, V.V. Ipilov, N.V. Terekhov patent No. SU 324468 published on 01.01.1972. The prototype has a machined bullet body with a lead core, plastic fins are fixed in the groove of the tail section directly. My patent for invention No. US 9958241. A known projectile is the Sauvestre bullet, Patent No. US 6845717 Bl Publication date Jan. 25, 2005. Accepted as a prototype. Bullet weighing from 24g., sabot, with a container, tail with fins in an aerodynamic shadow. These inventions, designed to prevent propellant gas breakthrough, utilize a container or guiding device that centers the projectile in the barrel and ejects along with the projectile. Friction consumes a significant amount of energy, and during flight, when the projectile separates, it can damage the projectile's fins. The author utilizes a completely new approach: dampers (4 Fig.l) and stabilizing fin plates (3 Fig.l), or pins (!Fig.9). The projectile is caliber.For smoothbore barrels, the projectile's fins are arranged in a straight line and are larger than the bore diameter. Alternatively, for rifled barrels, the fins are angled according to the barrel twist, shortening the projectile. Dampers are made larger than or equal to the fins in diameter and are secured to the projectile body by grooves or screw threads. The grooves are alternating circular cuts in the metal. A silicone filler (Fig. 5) is used to secure the fins in the case. This filler regulates the density and quantity of the propellant charge. When the propellant charge is initialized, the dampers and filler prevent the escape of gases. Eventually, the accumulated energy, caused by the projectile's steel body, shears the grooves or threads of the dampers, and the projectile passes through the barrel. The projectile is centered by the fins or pins, and the dampers and filler follow along the barrel, continuing to contain the propellant gases. They fly out after the projectile.Dampers allow the projectile to gain a very good charge of energy, and at the same time, when passing through the barrel, the projectile's energy loss is minimal, in contrast to projectiles with leading devices, and projectiles for rifled barrels, where energy losses due to friction in the barrel are colossal.

[0005] The author's projectile has an excellent ballistic coefficient, which extends its range, increases trajectory stability by reducing aerodynamic losses, and improves accuracy and precision. Its energy component is among the most effective. For example, a .308 Winchester cartridge for a rifled barrel has a propellant powder charge of 2.8 grams, a bullet weight of 10 grams, and a velocity of 800 m / s. In the stated version, the projectile weight is 30 grams, the propellant powder charge is 2.3 grams, and the velocity is 520 m / s. These figures are averages, and the effectiveness is evident. The thread pitch of the dampers and the projectile body is 1.25 mm, which is a standard thread; firings were conducted in a 12-gauge cartridge. The body (1, 2, and 1, Fig. 3, rear view) is made of steel, various metals or their alloys, and composite materials such as carbon fiber, with various diameters (D, Fig. 2) and lengths (L, Fig. 2) depending on the caliber. The top of the body is chamfered to a sharp edge (LI, Fig. 2) to improve the projectile's aerodynamic properties.Alternatively, a cone-shaped insert made of a high-strength material, such as tungsten alloy 2Fig. 1, 2, Fig. 8, is made in the warhead. It is loosely attached to the main body and, upon impact with an armored obstacle, separates from the main projectile, increasing the penetrating effect. Mass and velocity are conditions for effective penetration. The mass of the main projectile is present, and the velocity can be adjusted by the amount of propellant charge. The body is provided with technological straight grooves 4 Fig. 2 and 2 Fig. 3, with angled grooves in the rifled version, and annular grooves 5 Fig. 2 for securing the fin plates. Also, grooves or screw threads are made on the body for the mating part of the dampers 3 Fig. 2 Projectile fin plates 3 Fig. 1, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 rear view. A quantity of three or more, in this case four, are used. They are made from metals or their alloys, such as copper or aluminum, as well as composite materials, and are larger than the diameter of the barrel caliber.The plates are inserted into technological grooves on the body 4 Fig. 2, 2 Fig. 3 and secured by soldering or welding to rings made of the same material, which are inserted into circular grooves on the body 5 Fig. 2. Alternatively, the tail plates and rings can be manufactured by casting metals into a mold with an embedded part of the body. Alternatively, the body and plates are manufactured as a single block from a single metal, for example, steel 2 Fig. 9, by casting into a mold or turning on a machine, or printing with metal or composite on a 3D printer. In the upper part, in the area of ​​the plates, at the beginning and end, pins 1 Fig. 9 made of metals, such as copper, or their alloys, are inserted. These are the projectile centering points along the barrel. Dampers 4 Fig. 1, Fig. 6 rear view. They are made of metals, such as copper or aluminum, or their alloys, and are made larger than the diameter of the barrel caliber, and equal to or greater in diameter than the plates. The inner part is threaded or grooved depending on the caliber 1 Fig.6, as a mating part of the same thread or groove on the projectile body. The thickness of the dampers, as well as the number of threads or grooves, depend on the propellant charge, caliber, and barrel strength.

Claims

Invention formula 1. A caliber projectile with a rigid attachment to the body of the stabilizing fin plates, when executed in the form of a single block of the body and plates, pins are inserted into the plates, the body is made of steel, various metals or their alloys, composite materials, of different diameters and lengths depending on the caliber, the fin plates and pins are made of metals or their alloys, composite materials, and are made larger than the diameter of the barrel caliber, the plates are fixed in technological grooves on the body, grooves or screw threads are made in the projectile body for connection with dampers in which a mating part of the grooves or threads is made, the dampers are made of metals or their alloys, for example copper, are made larger than the diameter of the barrel caliber and equal to or greater in diameter with the plates, the dampers are fixed with the projectile in the cartridge case with a silicone mass filler, an insert made of high-strength material is also fixed on the body in its head part.

2. A projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that three or more straight technological grooves are made on the body.

3. A projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that technological grooves are made on the body at an angle of three or more.

4. The projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that annular technological grooves are made on the body.

5. A projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that grooves or screw threads are made on the body.

6. The projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the body and plates are manufactured in one block from one metal by casting into a mold, turned on a machine or printed with metal or composite on a 3D printer.

7. The projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the plates are inserted pins.

8. The projectile according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the inner part of the dampers is provided with threads or grooves.

9. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the dampers and the projectile in the cartridge case are bound by a filler such as a silicone mass.

10. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the fin plates and rings can be manufactured by casting metals into a mold with an embedded part of the body.

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