Enhanced channel state information report using downlink transmissions

Abstract

A method includes receiving, by a user device from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; and transmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

Description

ENHANCED CHANNEL STATE INFORMATION REPORT USING DOWNLINK TRANSMISSIONS TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] This description relates to wireless communications.BACKGROUND

[0002] A communication system may be a facility that enables communication between two or more nodes or devices, such as fixed or mobile communication devices. Signals can be carried on wired or wireless carriers.

[0003] An example of a cellular communication system is an architecture that is being standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). A recent development in this field is often referred to as the long-term evolution (LTE) of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) radio-access technology. EUTRA (evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access) is the air interface of 3GPP’s Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for mobile networks. In LTE, base stations or access points (APs), which are referred to as enhanced Node AP (eNBs), provide wireless access within a coverage area or cell. In LTE, mobile devices, or mobile stations are referred to as user equipments (UE). LTE has included a number of improvements or developments. Aspects of LTE are also continuing to improve.

[0004] 5G New Radio (NR) development is part of a continued mobile broadband evolution process to meet the requirements of 5G, similar to earlier evolution of 3G and 4G wireless networks. In addition, 5G is also targeted at the new emerging use cases in addition to mobile broadband. A goal of 5G is to provide significant improvement in wireless performance, which may include new levels of data rate, latency, reliability, and security. 5G NR may also scale to efficiently connect the massive Internet of Things (loT) and may offer new types of mission-critical services. For example, ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) devices may require high reliability and very low latency. 6G and other networks are also being developed.SUMMARY

[0005] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to an apparatus including at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: receiving from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel stateinformation, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; and transmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

[0006] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to an apparatus including at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: transmitting to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; and receiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

[0007] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to an apparatus including means for causing the apparatus to perform at least: receiving from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; and transmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

[0008] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to an apparatus including means for causing the apparatus to perform at least: transmitting to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; and receiving feedback information associated with a determined one or moreelements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

[0009] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method including: receiving, by a user device from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; and transmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

[0010] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method including: transmitting, by a network node to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; and receiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

[0011] Other example embodiments are provided or described for each of the example methods, including: means for performing any of the example methods; a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions stored thereon that, when executed by at least one processor, are configured to cause a computing system to perform any of the example methods; and an apparatus including at least one processor, and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform any of the example methods.

[0012] The details of one or more examples of embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless network.

[0014] FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating operation of an apparatus (e.g., which may be a UE or a user device, or other apparatus).

[0015] FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating operation of an apparatus (e.g., which may be a gNB, or a network node, or other apparatus).

[0016] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating an aspect of an example embodiment.

[0017] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a wireless station or node (e.g., UE, user device, AP, BS, eNB, gNB, RAN node, network node, TRP, or other node) according to an example embodiment.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It shall be understood that although the terms “first,” “second,”.. etc., in front of noun(s) and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another and they do not limit the order of the noun(s). For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed terms.

[0019] As used herein, unless stated explicitly, performing a step “in response to A” does not indicate that the step is performed immediately after “A” occurs and one or more intervening steps may be included.

[0020] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless network 130. In the wireless network 130 of FIG. 1, user devices 131, 132, 133 and 135, which may also be referred to as mobile stations (MSs) or user equipment (UEs), may be connected (and in communication) with a base station (BS) 134, which may also be referred to as an access point (AP), an enhanced Node B (eNB), a gNB, or a RAN (radio access network) node.. BS (or AP) 134 provides wireless coverage within a cell 136, including to user devices (or UEs) 131, 132, 133 and 135. BS 134 is also connected to a core network 150 via a N2 or NG interface 151. Although only four user devices (or UEs) are shown as being connected or attached to one BS 134, any number of user devices and / or BS may be provided.

[0021] At least part of the functionalities of a BS (e.g., NG-RAN, gNB, access point (AP), base station (BS) or (e)Node B (eNB), RAN node) may also be carried out by any node, server or host which may be operably coupled to a transceiver, such as a remote radiohead. For instance, some functionalities of a BS may be carried out, at least partly, in a central / centralized unit, CU and / or a distributed unit, DU. Thus, 5G networks architecture may be based on a so-called CU-DU split. The gNB-CU (central node) may control a plurality of spatially separated gNB-DUs, acting at least as transmit / receive (Tx / Rx) nodes. In some embodiments, however, the gNB-DUs (also called DU) may comprise e.g., a radio link control (RLC), medium access control (MAC) layer and a physical (PHY) layer, whereas the gNB-CU (also called a CU) may comprise the layers above RLC layer, such as a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) and an internet protocol (IP) layer. Other functional splits are possible too.

[0022] According to an illustrative example, a radio access network (RAN) may be part of a mobile telecommunication system. A RAN may include one or more BSs or RAN nodes that implement a radio access technology, e.g., to allow one or more UEs to have access to a network or core network (CN). Thus, for example, the RAN (RAN nodes, such as BSs or gNBs) may reside between one or more user devices or UEs and a core network. According to an example embodiment, each RAN node (e.g., BS, eNB, gNB, CU / DU, ...) or BS may provide one or more wireless communication services for one or more UEs or user devices, e.g., to allow the UEs to have wireless access to a network, via the RAN node. Each RAN node or BS may perform or provide wireless communication services, e.g., such as allowing UEs or user devices to establish a wireless connection to the RAN node, and sending data to and / or receiving data from one or more of the UEs. For example, after establishing a connection to a UE, a RAN node or network node (e.g., BS, eNB, gNB, CU / DU, ...) may forward data to the UE that is received from a network or the core network, and / or forward data received from the UE to the network or core network. RAN nodes or network nodes (e.g., BS, eNB, gNB, CU / DU, ...) may perform a wide variety of other wireless functions or services, e.g., such as broadcasting control information (e.g., such as system information or on-demand system information) to UEs, paging UEs when there is data to be delivered to the UE, assisting in handover of a UE between cells, scheduling of resources for uplink data transmission from the UE(s) and downlink data transmission to UE(s), sending configuration information to configure one or more UEs, and the like. These are a few examples of one or more functions that a RAN node or BS may perform.

[0023] A user device or user node (user terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile terminal, handheld wireless device, etc.) may refer to a portable computing device that includes wireless mobile communication devices operating either with or without a subscriber identification module (SIM), including, but not limited to, the following types of devices:a mobile station (MS), a mobile phone, a cell phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handset, a device using a wireless modem (alarm or measurement device, etc.), a laptop and / or touch screen computer, a tablet, a phablet, a game console, a notebook, a vehicle, a drone, a sensor, and a multimedia device, as examples, or any other wireless device. It should be appreciated that a user device may also be (or may include) a nearly exclusive uplink only device, of which an example is a camera or video camera loading images or video clips to a network. Also, a user node may include a user equipment (UE), a user device, a user terminal, a mobile terminal, a mobile station, a mobile node, a subscriber device, a subscriber node, a subscriber terminal, or other user node. For example, a user node may be used for wireless communications with one or more network nodes (e.g., gNB, eNB, BS, AP, CU, DU, CU / DU) and / or with one or more other user nodes, regardless of the technology or radio access technology (RAT).

[0024] In 5G (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR)) (as an illustrative example), core network 150 may be referred to 5G core network (5GC), which may include an access and mobility management function (AMF). For the example, the AMF may include the following functionalities (e.g., some of the AMF functionalities may be supported in a single instance of an AMF): termination of RAN control plane (CP) interface (N2), termination of non-access stratum (NAS) (or Nl), NAS ciphering and integrity protection, registration management, connection management, reachability management, mobility management, lawful intercept, and / or the like. The 5GC may also include a session management function (SMF) that may include one or more of the following functionalities (one or more of the SMF functionalities may be supported in a single instance of a SMF): session management (e.g., session establishment, modification and release, including tunnel maintenance between a user plane function (UPF) and BS 134), IP address allocation & management (including optional authorization), selection and control of UPF(s), configuration of traffic steering at a UPF to route traffic to proper destination, and / or the like. In UTE (as an illustrative example), core network 150 may be referred to as Evolved Packet Core (EPC), which may include a mobility management entity (MME) which may handle or assist with mobility / handover of user devices between BSs, one or more gateways that may forward data and control signals between the BSs and packet data networks or the Internet, and other control functions or blocks.

[0025] In addition, the techniques described herein may be applied to various types of user devices or data service types, or may apply to user devices that may have multiple applications running thereon that may be of different data service types. New Radio (5G)development may support a number of different applications or a number of different data service types, such as for example: machine type communications (MTC), enhanced machine type communication (eMTC), Internet of Things (loT), and / or narrowband loT user devices, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), and ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC). Many of these new 5G (NR) - related applications may require generally higher performance than previous wireless networks.

[0026] loT may refer to an ever-growing group of objects that may have Internet or network connectivity, so that these objects may send information to and receive information from other network devices. For example, many sensor type applications or devices may monitor a physical condition or a status and may send a report to a server or other network device, e.g., when an event occurs. Machine Type Communications (MTC, or Machine to Machine communications) may, for example, be characterized by fully automatic data generation, exchange, processing and actuation among intelligent machines, with or without intervention of humans. Enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) may support much higher data rates than currently available in LTE.

[0027] Ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC) is a new data service type, or new usage scenario, which may be supported for New Radio (5G) systems. This enables emerging new applications and services, such as industrial automations, autonomous driving, vehicular safety, e-health services, and so on. 3GPP targets in providing connectivity with reliability corresponding to block error rate (BLER) of 10"5and up to 1 ms U-Plane (user / data plane) latency, by way of illustrative example. Thus, for example, URLLC user devices / UEs may require a significantly lower block error rate than other types of user devices / UEs as well as low latency (with or without requirement for simultaneous high reliability). Thus, for example, a URLLC UE (or URLLC application on a UE) may require much shorter latency, as compared to an eMBB UE (or an eMBB application running on a UE).

[0028] The techniques described herein may be applied to a wide variety of wireless technologies or wireless networks, such as 5G (New Radio (NR)), cmWave, and / or mmWave band networks, loT, MTC, eMTC, eMBB, URLLC, 6G, etc., or any other wireless network or wireless technology. These example networks, technologies or data service types are provided only as illustrative examples.

[0029] Channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) may be configured to the UE by RRC signaling. The CSI-RSs may be shared among many UEs. For example, more than one UE may be configured to receive the same resource elements (RE). To save ondownlink (DL) resources, a gNB may use cell-specific or group-specific CSI-RS resources. The worst case of DL overhead is with UE specific CSI-RS where the DL overhead increases linearly with the number of UEs in the cell. In an example, the CSI-RS may be employed for CSI-RS for DL CSI acquisition, CSI-RS for beam management (BM) (based on Ll-RSRP), CSI-RS for tracking (TRS), UL CSI acquisition in reciprocity-based UL precoding, and / or the like. In an implementation (e.g., CSI-RS for BM) CSI-RS may be spatially beamformed into different directions. A UE may be configured with up to 48 report configurations (CSI-ReportConfig) per component carrier (CC) / 4 per bandwidth part (BWP). One CSI resource config within 1 report configuration may be configured with up to 16 resource sets (aperiodic CSI) and 1 resource set (otherwise). Each CSI resource set may be configured with up to 64 non-zero-power (NZP) CSI-RS resources and 1 NZP-CSI-RS resource may be configured with up to 64 antenna ports.

[0030] For CSI acquisition, the UE may be configured with a codebook type. Given the measured channel across a CSI-RS resource, the UE may choose an appropriate (or a favourite) codeword from the specified codebook, i.e., precoding matrix indicator (PMI), along with channel quality indicator (CQI), and / or rank indicator (RI). The UE may also be configured to measure several CSI-RS resources (up to 8) within a resource set and report the favourite resource, CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), along with PMI, CQI and RI which may correspond to the selected resource.

[0031] In the time domain, a CSI-RS resource may start at any OFDM symbol of a slot, and it spans 1, 2, or 4 OFDM symbols depending on the number of ports that are configured. Likewise, the UE measurement reporting of CSI may be operated in a periodic, a semi-persistent, or an aperiodic manner, and may be referred to as report types in NR report configuration.

[0032] The CSI report setting or configuration may also define (or indicate) which part of the bandwidth the CSI should correspond to, and in addition, what granularity in frequency the CSI should have. To accomplish this, the bandwidth of a BWP is divided into a number of sub-bands.

[0033] For aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) reporting, up to 16 different reporting settings may be triggered with single downlink control information (DCI) (e.g., for multiple component carriers). For semi-persistent CSI (SP-CSI) reporting, one report setting with a single DCI may be triggered. In order to trigger several SP-CSI reports (each in different slots), multiple DCIs may be required.

[0034] In existing technologies downlink channel state information (CSI) acquisition requires allocation of enough CSI- RS resources to enable accurate downlink precoding, link adaptation, layer assignment, and / or the like. On the other hand, when additional resources are dedicated to CSI reference signals (CSI-RS), resource consumption and overhead may increase. Therefore, available resources for data transmission may be reduced that may cause a reduction of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) spectral efficiency. The optimal amount of overhead may depend on dynamic quantities such as radio frequency (RF) channel conditions, traffic, and interfering neighbor cell activity. In new radio (NR), the PDSCH is used to send data or control information of the higher layers while the downlink demodulation reference signals (DMRS) are used for channel estimation to facilitate PDSCH demodulation. Thus, enhancing the CSI report may require additional CSI-RS resources thereby reducing system efficiency and increasing signaling overhead.

[0035] To reduce CSI-RS resource overhead, it is beneficial to improve resource utilization by employing the PDSCH, DMRS, and / or the like resources to enhance the CSI report without allocating additional CSI-RS resources. Therefore, example embodiments are directed to enhancements of communication systems by using (certain) DMRS, physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and / or PDSCH transmissions to enhance the accuracy of CSI report quantities measured by a terminal (e.g., a UE, mobile station, user terminal, device, user device, and / or the like). In an example, the enhanced CSI report may be reported to a base station (e.g., an access point, a node, a network node, an eNB, a nodeB, a gNB, and / or the like). For example, the beamforming, applied to the DMRS and the PDSCH may be the same or similar or correlated to what is applied to a non-zero-power CSI-RS (NZP-CSI-RS). In addition, the precoding and rank applied to the DMRS may be the same or similar to what is indicated (or recommended) in the CSI report. Therefore, in such instances, the DMRS, PDCCH, and / or PDSCH may have a significant correlation with the NZP-CSI-RS, which can be exploited for improved or enhanced CSI acquisition and reporting. In an example embodiment, CSI report may be interchangeable with CSI measurement report.

[0036] In an example, a UE may receive from a network node (e.g., a gNB, or a base station), control information for at least one downlink transmission. For example, the control information may include DCI. For example, the downlink transmission may be a PDSCH, a PDCCH, a DMRS, and / or the like. In an example, the control information may be indicative of association (e.g., correlation, linkage, and / or the like) between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one CSI report, or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report. Inan example, the UE may perform at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission (e.g., the PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS). The UE may determine one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the at least one measurement and / or the control information. The UE may transmit to the network node feedback information associated with (or based on) the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

[0037] Therefore, when example embodiments are implemented, the CSI report is enhanced by measurements of the DMRS, PDCCH, and / or the PDSCH transmissions. As a result, accuracy of (the modified, determined, or updated) CSI report is improved. In addition, example embodiments improve performance of the base station by enabling the base station to enhance or increase reliability of the PDSCH and / or PDCCH transmissions (e.g., by reduced block error rate (BLER)). Therefore, the base station performs better multiuser scheduling to achieve higher cell-average throughputs, higher user cell-edge throughputs, and thereby improve quality of service (QoS). Furthermore, the base station may reduce the frequency (or number) of CSI-RS transmissions which reduces overhead and improves the spectral efficiency of transmissions. Reducing the number of CSI-RS transmissions leads to energy saving for both the base station (or the gNB) and / or the UE.

[0038] FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating operation of an apparatus (e.g., which may be a UE or a user device, or other apparatus). Operation 210 includes receiving, by a user device from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report. For example, the control information may include DCI. For example, the downlink transmission may be a PDSCH, a PDCCH, a DMRS, and / or the like. Operation 220 includes performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission. Operation 230 includes determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report. Operation 240 includes transmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

[0039] FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating operation of an apparatus (e.g., which may be a gNB, or a network node, or other apparatus). Operation 310 includes transmitting, by a network node to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource ofthe at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report. For example, the control information may include DCI. For example, the downlink transmission may be a PDSCH, a PDCCH, a DMRS, and / or the like. Operation 320 includes receiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

[0040] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the determining the one or more elements may correspond to (or include) one or more of: updating the one or more elements based on the at least one measurement, calculating the one or more elements based on only the at least one measurement, calculating the one or more elements based on the at least one measurement and the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI measurement report, or calculating the one or more elements based on the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI measurement report.

[0041] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the feedback information may be transmitted as at least part of (or along with) at least one of: decoding feedback of the at least one downlink transmission, a measurement report associated with the at least one downlink transmission, or the at least one CSI report (or CSI measurement report). For example, the downlink transmission may be a PDSCH, a PDCCH, a DMRS, and / or the like.

[0042] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the feedback information may include an indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information indicative of association between the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: the at least one element of the at least one CSI report, or the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report. For example, the indication may be indicative of whether the determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report is performed based on the control information indicative of the association.

[0043] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information may include at least one of: an indication of whether / if the one or more elements are determined based on only the at least one measurement, on only the at least one reference signal resource, or on the at least one element and the at least one reference signal resource. In an example, the indication may include information indicative of number of samples of theat least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission. Additionally, or alternatively, the indication may include information of a time period associated with the number of samples of the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0044] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the UE may transmit to the network node the indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information as part of or along with hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK) feedback. For example, the UE may transmit the indication in response to receiving the at least one downlink transmission, e.g., a PDSCH, a PDCCH, and / or a DMRS.

[0045] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the performing the at least one measurement may include at least one of: performing at least one measurement of a channel quality indication (CQI) of the at least one downlink transmission, performing at least one measurement of a signal-to-interference -plus-noise ratio (SINR) of the at least one downlink transmission, performing at least one measurement of a rank of the at least one downlink transmission, performing at least one measurement of a precoding matrix indication (PMI) of the at least one downlink transmission, and / or performing at least one measurement of a layer indication (or indicator) (LI) of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0046] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the UE may determine the at least one element of the at least one CSI report based on at least one filter or filtering function. For example, the UE may determine at least one coefficient of the at least one filter or filtering function based on at least one of: frequency information of measured reference signals of the at least one downlink transmission, time information of the measured reference signals of the at least one downlink transmission, frequency information of at least one non-zero-power CSLRS (NZP CSLRS), time information of the NZP CSLRS, a CQI of a CSI report, a rank of the CSI report; a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) of the CSI report; a layer indicator (or indication) (LI) of the CSI report, information of layers associated with the at least one downlink transmission, information associated with a confidence interval or validity of measurements of the at least one downlink transmission and / or the like.

[0047] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the UE may receive the control information as part of (or via) at least one of: a downlink control information (DCI), a RRC signaling, a RRC parameter in a trigger state configuration of a CSI report, a medium access control control element (MAC CE). For example, the CSI report may include at least one of: an aperiodic report, a semi-persistent CSI report, a periodic CSI report, an event-based CSI report, and / or the like.

[0048] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the at least one downlink transmission may include at least one of: at least one PDSCH transmission; at least one PDCCH transmission, at least one DMRS, and / or the like.

[0049] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the at least one DMRS may be transmitted via at least one port group. For example, the at least one port group may not be associated with data (e.g., data transmission) or with the PDSCH.

[0050] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the at least one downlink transmission may include at least one of: at least one first port group, or at least one second port group. The at least one first port group may be associated with the data or with the PDSCH. The data may be transmitted via the at least one first port group. The at least one second port group may not be associated with the data or with the PDSCH. In an example, only at least one reference signal may be transmitted via the at least one second port group.

[0051] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the at least one element of at least one CSI report or the one or more elements of the CSI report may include at least one of: a CSI resource indicator (CRI), a CQI, a PMI, a RI, a layer indicator, interference information, interference-plus-noise information, received signal received power information, signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio information, signal-to-noise ratio information, time-domain channel property information, frequency-domain channel property information, and / or the like.

[0052] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the UE may receive from the network node configuration information of at least one of: the at least one reference signal resource, CSI-RS resource sets, CSI resources, CSI reporting, the DMRS, and / or the like.

[0053] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram illustrating an aspect of an example embodiment. With respect to the method described in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, an example procedure for an enhanced CSI reporting is described. At step 1, the UE 410 may receive from the gNB 420, configuration or reconfiguration information of CSI-RS, DMRS, PDCCH, and / or PDSCH. For example, the UE 410 may receive one or more configuration (or reconfiguration) messages from the gNB 420 indicating CSI-RS resource sets, CSI-RS resources, CSI reporting configurations and / or DMRS configuration. At step 2, the UE 410 may transmit to the gNB 420, an acknowledgement of the configuration or the reconfiguration information of CSI-RS, DMRS, PDCCH, and / or PDSCH. At step 3, the UE 410 may receive from the gNB 420, one or more CSI-RS transmission(s). The UE 410 may perform a CSI-RS measurement and report it to the gNB 420. The CSI-RS measurement may indicate the CSI-resourceindicator (CRI), channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), rank indicator (RI), and may also include the layer indicator / indication or layer index (LI). In an example, the UE 410 may not report a PMI but may report one or more of the other quantities. In an example, part of a PMI report (such as the wideband basis vector indication) may be reported (by the UE 410 to the gNB 420) instead of a full PMI report.

[0054] At step 4 of FIG. 4, the UE 410 may perform measurements of the one or more CSLRS transmission(s). At step 5, the UE 410 may transmit to the gNB 420, one or more CSI report(s). At step 6, the UE 410 may receive from the gNB 420, at least one downlink transmission such as a PDSCH transmission, a PDCCH transmission, and / or a DMRS transmission. The UE 410 may receive from the gNB 420 an indication of association between CSLRS and the at least one downlink transmission (the PDSCH transmission, PDCCH transmission, and / or the DMRS transmission). For example, the UE 410 may receive a downlink control information (DCI) for the at least one downlink transmission and may attempt to receive the signaled at least one downlink transmission. The DCI may include an indication of an associated CSI measurement or CSI report for the at least one downlink transmission. If the indication is present, upon reception of the associated at least one downlink transmission (e.g., DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH), the UE 410 may measure at least one of: (instantaneous) CQI (or SINR) of the at least one downlink transmission (e.g., DMRS or PDSCH or both), (instantaneous) rank of DMRS or PDSCH or both, and / or the like. In addition to the indication of the association, an indication of additional power control offset (or power offset, or energy offset such as energy per resource element (EPRE) offset) value of the association may be provided by the DCI, by MAC CE, and / or by RRC. This additional power control offset (or power offset) informs the UE of any additional power increase / decrease applied to the at least one downlink transmission relative to the powerControlOffset configured for the CSI report, which would inform the UE on how to rescale the CSI quantities measured for the at least one downlink transmission, if needed, or more generally to calculate at least one CSI quantity based on the least one downlink transmission. Furthermore, an additional indication may be provided by the DCI (and / or by MAC CE, and / or by RRC) on whether the at least one downlink transmission may be used by the UE to perform a measurement for at least one of PMI (or at least one component of the PMI, such as Wi , W2 , wideband PMI, sub-band PMI) or layer indicator (or indication) (LI). The association (or linkage) between a CSI report and the at least one downlink transmission (e.g., a DMRS, a PDCCH, or PDSCH transmission) may also be indicated by triggering an aperiodic CSI report with an RRC parameter in the trigger state indicating that the associatedreference signal for CSI reporting is the at least one downlink transmission, e.g., the DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH received within a certain triggering offset, instead of indicating a CSI-RS resource set from the configured resource set list. In another example, the association (or linkage) may be indicated (or conveyed) by configuring a DMRS resource ID that can be used to associate the DMRS to a CSI report. In an example embodiment, a trigger state or indication, indicated by the network to the UE via DO, MAC CE and / or RRC, may be indicative of at least one element and / or at least one (CSI) quantity / feedback to calculate / update and / or to report (or at least to consider for reporting, e.g., in case of eventbased reporting) at least based on measurements conducted on DMRS(s) or PDSCH(s) / PDCCH(s). The UE may be configured / indicated by the network (e.g., the network node) with a report quantity parameter / information, dedicated or shared, for reporting based at least on measurement conducted on DMRS(s) or PDSCH(s) / PDCCH(s).

[0055] At step 7 of FIG. 4, the UE 410 may perform measurements of the at least one downlink transmission (e.g., the PDSCH transmission, PDCCH transmission, and / or the DMRS transmission) and may determine (update, modify, enhance) the CSI report that is to be transmitted or reported. For example, after the update, the UE 410 may further update the (to-be-reported) CSI report quantities at a future time slot when it performs the associated CSI-RS measurement prior to the next report or receives another at least one downlink transmission (DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH) with the associated CSI-RS measurement or CSI report indication prior to the next report.

[0056] At step 8 of FIG. 4, the UE 410 may perform a PDSCH decoding. At step 9, the UE 410410 may transmit to the gNB 420, decode feedback(s). The decode feedback(s) may include an indication that the UE 410 has updated the CSI report based on the indication of the association (as in step 6). The UE 410 may send an indication to the gNB 420, indicative that the CSI report update, for all or for at least one CSI quantity of the (to-be-reported) CSI report, is performed. To indicate updates specific to each transmission, the UE 410 indication may be sent to the gNB 420 together with the HARQ-ACK feedback.

[0057] At step 10 of FIG. 4, the UE 410 may transmit to the gNB 420, one or more CSI-report(s) that are updated (modified, or enhanced) based on the measurements of the PDSCH and / or the DMRS transmission(s). The one or more CSI report(s) may also include an indication that the UE 410 has updated the CSI report based on the indication of the association (as in step 6). To indicate updates related to the CSI report or CSI-RS, the UE 410 indication may be sent together with the CSI report. If the UE 410 has the opportunity or responsibility to indicate that the CSI report has been or not been updated by the at least onedownlink transmission (DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH transmission), then the UE 410 may choose / determine to apply or not apply each indicated measurement within the (to-be-reported) CSI report. The UE 410 may send to the gNB 420 the CSI report with the update by the at least one downlink transmission (DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH) measurement. The CSI report update may also be used to assist multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) operations, for example by configuring the UE 410 to update RI and CQI by measuring the interference of the co-scheduled UE(s) which have the same DMRS sequence as a target UE.

[0058] At step 11 of FIG. 4, the gNB 420 may modify (future) configuration information of CSI-RS, PDSCH, and / or DMRS. The gNB 420 may employ at least one of the indication of associated CSI report or CSI measurement in the DCI, or the indication by the UE 410 of the CSI report having been updated by the at least one downlink transmission, e.g., DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH, to modify at least one of: CSI-RS transmission configuration or scheduling, the at least one downlink transmission scheduling, PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS scheduling, PDSCH or PDCCH link adaptation (e.g., modulation type, modulation and coding scheme, adaptive retransmission, rank, and / or bandwidth), CSI-RS based channel tracking, and / or the like.With respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the base station may determine or decide to provide the control information indicative of association (e.g., the indication of the associated CSI measurement or CSI report in the DCI) if: 1) The CRI (or beamformer) applied to the CSI-RS and the CRI (or beamformer) applied to or associated with the at least one downlink transmission, e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS is the same or similar. In an example, similar means that the wideband basis vectors of the beamformer for the CSI-RS are a subset or superset of those of the at least one downlink transmission, e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS. In other example, similar means that the port mapping indicted by the CRI is the same as that applied to the DMRS. 2) The precoder indicated by the latest CSI report and the precoder applied to the indicated / scheduled at least one downlink transmission (PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS) is the same or similar. In an example, similar means that the wideband basis vectors of the beamformer for the CSI-RS are a subset or superset of those of the at least one downlink transmission, e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS. 3) Other criteria may be used by the base station to determine whether an indication of CSI-RS association is merited for the transmission, such as the elapsed time between the CSI-RS and the at least one downlink transmission, e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, orDMRS, the last reported CQI / PMI / RI values, the redundancy version and / or a code-rate of the (re)transmission.

[0059] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the UE may determine or decide how the (to-be-reported) CSI report should be updated by each indicated measurement. In an example, the UE may use at least one filter or filtering function such as a finite impulse response (FIR) filter or an infinite impulse response (IIR) filter with fixed filtering coefficient(s) or coefficient(s) that is(are) modulated by one or more of the following: the average frequency of indicated / scheduled at least one downlink transmission, e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS measurements or the time since its last reception, the frequency of the associated NZP-CSI-RS or the time since its last reception, the CQI, rank or PMI of the latest CSI report and / or measurement(s), the number of layers of the indicated / scheduled at least one downlink transmission, e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS, the confidence interval or validity of the measurement of the indicated / scheduled at least one downlink transmission (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS). In an example, the average SINR (or average CQI) may be updated using the following equation, where a(t) is the filter coefficient at time (or sample) t:AveSINRCRI PMI RI(t) (1)= (1 - a(t)) ■ AveSINRCRIPMIRIt - 1) + a(t)■ InstSINRCR[ PMI R[(t)where AveSINRCRI PMI RI(t') is the updated average SINR and InstSINRCRI PMI RIis the measured instantaneous SINR from either the CSI-RS, the at least one downlink transmission (e.g., DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH transmission) under the same (or similar) CRI, PMI and RI values. If additional power control offset is indicated in the DCI, has already been rescaled based on the indicated additional power control offset value. In an example, the average CQI value may be derived from the average SINR.

[0060] In an example, the average rank may be modified using the following equation, where / ?(t) is the filter coefficient at time (or sample) t:AveRankCRIPMIt) (2)= (1 - (t)) ■ AveRankCRI PMI(t - 1) + (t)■ InstRankCRI PMI(t)where AveRankCRIiPMI(t) is the updated average Rank and InstRankCR[ PM[(t') is the measured instantaneous Rank from either the CSI-RS, the at least one downlink transmission(e.g., DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH transmission) under the same (or similar) CRI and PMI values. If additional power control offset is indicated in the DCI, InstRankCR[ PM[(t') has already been rescaled based on the indicated additional power control offset value. The to-be-reported rank may be calculated from the average rank as follows:ReportedRankCRI PMI(t) = max( door AveRankCRI PMI(t) + / ?), 0), (3)where p is a real-valued offset which may be a constant or be rank-specific.

[0061] In an example, the instantaneous rank may be determined from the instantaneous at least one downlink transmission, DMRS, PDSCH, or CSI-RS transmission by using thresholds which may be compared with predefined thresholds for the ratio of the measured singular values of each layer to the measured SINR (or SNR). In an example, the instantaneous rank may be determined by comparing with thresholds for the ratios of the maximum singular value to the other singular values.

[0062] For example, if the recommended rank in the prior CSI report or the number of layers of the DMRS / PDSCH is L, but there is a detected very low singular value of one or more of the layers or high imbalance of the per-layer singular values, then the instantaneous rank can be reduced to InstRankCR[ PM[(t') = Linst< L(t).

[0063] In an example, if the to-be-reported rank is decreased, then the average SINR filtering at the higher rank is either reset; or is derived from the latest average SINR at the higher rank which is rescaled to a higher average value that is appropriate for the new rank. For instance, the average SINR at the prior-reported RI of rank 2 may be rescaled to a 3dB higher average SINR for the to-be-reported RI of rank 1.

[0064] In an example, the PDSCH does not have to be successfully decoded (e.g., cyclic redundancy check (CRC) success) for the UE to have a valid measurement of the at least one downlink transmission (the DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH) CQI or SINR. If the UE determines a discontinuous transmission (DTX) on at least one downlink transmission (e.g., the DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH) it is trying to measure or the UE determines that an invalid measurement is made, the UE may choose not to update the to-be-reported CQI for that indication. In such cases, the UE may inform the base station that the update is performed or not performed via the HARQ feedback, HARQ-ACK feedback, or CSI report.

[0065] With respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the UE may use the indicated PDSCH and DMRS transmission to measure instantaneous effective rank of the downlink channel. The UE may choose this information to modify the rank, PMI (or atleast one component of the PMI, such as Wi , W2 , wideband PMI, sub-band PMI), or CQI of the (to-be-reported) CSI report.

[0066] In an example, with respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the RI of the latest CSI report and the number of layers of the indicated at least one downlink transmission does not need to be the same to provide an update of the to-be-reported CSI report by the instantaneous CQI or SINR of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0067] In an example, with respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the DMRS or PDSCH transmission may be used to determine the to-be-reported PMI (or at least one component of the PMI, such as Wi , W2 , wideband PMI, sub-band PMI). This is useful if there is no current valid PMI due to the lack of (or ageing of) prior CSI-RS measurements. The gNB may provide another indication to the UE that the at least one downlink transmission (e.g., DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH transmission) may be used to determine the PMI (or at least one component of the PMI, such as Wi , W2 , wideband PMI, sub-band PMI).

[0068] In an example, with respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, besides the associated CSI measurement or CSI report indication, the UE may receive as part of the control information the PMI. The UE may implicitly know the PMI used for the at least one downlink transmission (DMRS, PDCCH, or DMRS transmission). If this PMI is the same as that of the latest CSI report or there is no indication of PMI in the CSI report, then the to-be-reported CSI report is updated by the instantaneous CQI or instantaneous SINR of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0069] In an example, with respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, if the PMI used for the at least one downlink transmission (DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH) is similar to PMI of the latest CSI report, then the to-be-reported CQI is also updated by the instantaneous CQI or SINR of the DMRS or PDSCH transmission. On the other hand, if this PMI is dissimilar to that which was part of the latest CSI report, then the UE associates the instantaneous CQI or SINR measurement of the PDSCH or DMRS with the PMI of the DCI.

[0070] In an example, similar PMI means that the wideband orthogonal basis precoding vectors used for the at least one downlink transmission (e.g., DMRS, PDCCH or PDSCH) transmission is a subset of, or a super-set of, the PMI of the latest CSI report. In another example, similar PMI means that the beam indicators (or indices) used for the DMRS or PDSCH transmission is a subset of, or a super-set of, the PMI of the latest CSI report. At the next CSI reporting instance, if the terminal determines that the reported PMI is the same or similar as that of the previous CSI report or is a similar PMI of the at least one downlinktransmission (e.g., PDSCH, PDCCH, or DMRS) with the associated CSI measurement or CSI report indication, then the terminal may report the updated CQI value (which was updated by the at least one downlink transmission, e.g., DMRS , PDCCH, and / or PDSCH).

[0071] In an example, with respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the UE may indicate in the CSI report or (within or in addition to) HARQ feedback, whether the to-be-reported-CSI has been updated by the at least one downlink transmission (e.g., DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH).

[0072] In an example, with respect to the method described in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, the UE may determine whether to send a potentially to-be-reported CSI report, which may have been updated by the at least one downlink transmission (DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH), based on at least one condition (or event), e.g., related to (previous) CSI-RS measurement(s) such as measured CQI, RI, PMI (or at least one component of the PMI, such as Wi , W2 , wideband PMI, sub-band PMI), RSRP, SINR, SNR, etc. The UE may provide indication indicative of a potentially to-be-reported CSI report is being sent to the network node, base station, or gNB.

[0073] In an example, if the gNB / network indicates CSI-RS measurement or CSI report association in the at least one downlink transmission (DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH transmission), or receives an indication by the terminal that the latest CSI report has been updated by the at least one downlink transmission (DMRS, PDCCH, or PDSCH) measurement, the gNB may perform at least one of: adjust the frequency of the CSI-RS used for CSI measurement or tracking, use a different rank or MCS or modulation type / order of a future PDSCH transmission, use a different DCI aggregation level or DCI precoding, change the period or offset of future indications of the CSI-RS measurement or CSI report association, or change the period or offset, and more generally configuration, of future CSI-RS tracking signals.

[0074] In an example embodiment (combined or not with at least some of the other embodiments), the UE may be configured or indicated / triggered, e.g., via DCI (e.g., using a trigger state), MAC CE, and / or RRC, to measure or calculate or update at least one CSI quantity (such as CQI, RI, PMI, PMI component, LI, interference information, interference-plus-noise information, etc.) based on at least one downlink (DL) transmission (e.g., at least one PDSCH transmission) that may include or may be associated with: a first DMRS / PTRS / antenna port group (including one port or more than one port) with data or with DL-SCH (e.g., downlink shared channel, or PDSCH), and a second DMRS / phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) / antenna port group (including one or more than one port) withoutDL-SCH, i.e., without data (i.e., no data or no DL-SCH is transmitted via the second port group). The UE may then report, e.g., via UCI or MAC CE carried on PUCCH or PUSCH, one or more CSI quantities of the at least one CSI quantity according to at least one configuration and / or indication provided by the network (e.g., via RRC, MAC CE, and / or DCI). Alternatively, or additionally, the one or more CSI quantities may be reported by the UE only if at least one condition is satisfied or if at least one event has occurred, where the at least one condition or the at least one event is associated with or based on the conducted measurements (e.g., at least based on DMRS); for example, the UE may report rank information if it would correspond to a rank different from the one the UE has been scheduled with or has previously measured / reported (e.g., based on DMRS and / or CSI-RS measurements); the UE may report layer information if it would correspond to layer information different from the one the UE has been scheduled with or has measured / reported previously (e.g., based on DMRS and / or CSI-RS measurements); the UE may report PMI information if rank information is to be reported, or if PMI information would be different compared to the one UE has been scheduled with or has previously measured / reported (e.g., based on DMRS and / or CSI-RS measurements); the UE may report CQI information if it would correspond to an MCS (modulation order and / or coding rate) or CQI information different from the one the UE has been scheduled with or has previously measured / reported (e.g., based on DMRS and / or CSI-RS measurements); the UE may provide indication indicative of the at least one element and / or at least one CSI quantity being reported. Note that a DL reference signal, such as DMRS(s) (or PTRS, phase tracking reference signal), may be transmitted to the UE via the second port group, and data or DL-SCH may be transmitted to the UE via the first port group. The second port group may be seen or considered as a specific type of code division multiplexing (CDM) group (comprising one or more ports) without data. This specific type of CDM (code division multiplexing) group or port group without data may differ from legacy CDM group or port(s) without data in the fact that there is actual DMRS transmission via the specific CDM group or DMRS / antenna port group without data to the UE. In some embodiments, the second (DMRS / PTRS / antenna) port group may be indicated through the DCI or PDCCH scheduling the (corresponding) at least one PDSCH. Alternatively, or additionally, the second DMRS port group may be indicated to the UE through MAC CE and / or RRC. Information identifying the at least one second DMRS port and / or indicative of the number of ports in / of the second port group (where the number is an integer greater than or equal to 0), or indicative of the presence / absence of the second port group, may be provided from the network to the UE through DCI, MAC CE, and / or RRC.Alternatively, or additionally, such information may be based on or depend on at least one of indication provided to the UE such as: a rank (or number of transmission layers) indication, PMI indication, and / or port(s) indication. Alternatively, or additionally, in case of multi-stage DCI, e.g., 2-stage DCI, the information indicative / identifying the second DMRS port group and / or the number of the second DMRS port group may be provided in a second stage / part of the DCI. Alternatively, or additionally, UE may expect the second port group in certain (configured / indicated) time period(s), and the UE may not expect the second port group in some other time periods. In an example embodiment, the UE may be configured or indicated / triggered, e.g., via DCI, MAC CE and / or RRC, to compute / determine / update at least one CSI quantity (such as CQI, or delta CQI, RI or delta RI, PMI or delta PMI, PMI component, interference information, interference-plus-noise information, and / or the like.) at least based on (reference signal) measurements conducted on or corresponding to: (i) the first port group and the second port group, or at least part of the first port group and at least part of the second port group, (ii) the second port group, or at least part of the second port group, or (iii) the first port group, or at least part of the first port group. In an example, the UE may receive an indication indicative of a first port group and a second port group, where both port groups are associated with at least one downlink transmission (such as PDSCH), and the UE may receive at least one reference signal, such as DMRS, through the second group, wherein the second group is not associated with data transmission. The UE may compute / determine / update at least one CSI quantity at least based on the first group and / or the second group, and the UE may report the at least one CSI quantity to the network. In an example embodiment, the UE may be configured or indicated / triggered, e.g., via DCI (e.g., using a trigger state), MAC CE and / or RRC, to compute / determine / update at least one CSI quantity (such as CQI, RI, PMI, PMI component, interference information, interference-plus-noise information, etc.) based on the at least one downlink transmission, wherein the at least one downlink transmission may include a PDCCH comprising: (i) at least one first DMRS / antenna port with control information (or control data) or with downlink control channel, and at least one second DMRS / antenna port without control information (or without control data), or (ii) only at least one DMRS / antenna port without control information (or control data). In an example, the at least one DMRS may be transmitted to the UE via the at least one second DMRS / antenna port.

[0075] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a wireless station or node (e.g., UE, user device, AP, BS, eNB, gNB, RAN node, network node, TRP, or another node) 1300 according to an example embodiment. The wireless station 1300 may include, for example, one or more(e.g., two as shown in FIG. 5) RF (radio frequency) or wireless transceivers 1302A, 1302B, where each wireless transceiver includes a transmitter to transmit signals and a receiver to receive signals. The wireless station also includes a processor 1304 or control unit / entity (controller 1308) to execute instructions or software and control transmission and receptions of signals, and a memory 1306 to store data and / or instructions.

[0076] Processor 1304 may also make decisions or determinations, generate frames, packets or messages for transmission, decode received frames or messages for further processing, and other tasks or functions described herein. Processor 1304, which may be a baseband processor, for example, may generate messages, packets, frames or other signals for transmission via wireless transceiver 1302 (1302A or 1302B). Processor 1304 may control transmission of signals or messages over a wireless network, and may control the reception of signals or messages, etc., via a wireless network (e.g., after being down-converted by wireless transceiver 1302, for example). Processor 1304 may be programmable and capable of executing software or other instructions stored in memory or on other computer media to perform the various tasks and functions described above, such as one or more of the tasks or methods described above. Processor 1304 may be (or may include), for example, hardware, programmable logic, a programmable processor that executes software or firmware, and / or any combination of these. Using other terminology, processor 1304 and transceiver 1302 together may be considered as a wireless transmitter / receiver system, for example.

[0077] In addition, referring to FIG. 5, a controller 1308 (or processor 1304) may execute software and instructions, and may provide overall control for the station 1300, and may provide control for other systems not shown in FIG. 5, such as controlling input / output devices (e.g., display, keypad), and / or may execute software for one or more applications that may be provided on wireless station 1300, such as, for example, an email program, audio / video applications, a word processor, a Voice over IP application, or other application or software.

[0078] In addition, a storage medium may be provided that includes stored instructions, which when executed by a controller or processor may result in the processor 1304, or other controller or processor, performing one or more of the functions or tasks described above.

[0079] According to another example embodiment, RF or wireless transceiver(s) 1302A / 1302B may receive signals or data and / or transmit or send signals or data. Processor 1304 (and possibly transceivers 1302A / 1302B) may control the RF or wireless transceiver 1302 A or 1302B to receive, send, broadcast or transmit signals or data.

[0080] Example embodiments are provided or described for each of the example methods, including: An apparatus (e.g., 1300, FIG. 5) including means (e.g., processor 1304, RF transceivers 1302A and / or 1302B, and / or memory 1306, in FIG. 5) for carrying out any of the methods; a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium (e.g., memory 1306, FIG.5) comprising instructions stored thereon that, when executed by at least one processor (processor 1304, FIG. 5), are configured to cause a computing system (e.g., 1300, FIG. 5) to perform any of the example methods; and an apparatus (e.g., 1300, FIG. 5) including at least one processor (e.g., processor 1304, FIG. 5), and at least one memory (e.g., memory 1306, FIG. 5) including computer program code, the at least one memory (1306) and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor (1304), cause the apparatus (e.g., 1300) at least to perform any of the example methods.

[0081] Embodiments of the various techniques described herein may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer hardware, firmware, software, or in combinations of them. Embodiments may be implemented as a computer program product, i.e., a computer program tangibly embodied in an information carrier, e.g., in a machine-readable storage device or in a propagated signal, for execution by, or to control the operation of, a data processing apparatus, e.g., a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple computers. Embodiments may also be provided on a computer-readable medium or computer-readable storage medium, which may be a non-transitory medium. Embodiments of the various techniques may also include embodiments provided via transitory signals or media, and / or programs and / or software embodiments that are downloadable via the Internet or other network(s), either wired networks and / or wireless networks. In addition, embodiments may be provided via machine type communications (MTC), and also via an Internet of Things (IOT).

[0082] As used in this application, the term “circuitry” or “circuit” refers to all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations, such as implementations in only analog and / or digital circuitry, and (b) combinations of circuits and soft-ware (and / or firmware), such as (as applicable): (i) a combination of processor(s) or (ii) portions of processor(s) / software including digital signal processor(s), software, and memory(ies) that work together to cause an apparatus to perform various functions, and (c) circuits, such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that require software or firmware for operation, even if the software or firmware is not physically present. This definition of “circuitry” applies to all uses of this term in this application. As a further example, as used in this application, the term “circuitry” would also cover an implementation of merely aprocessor (or multiple processors) or a portion of a processor and its (or their) accompanying software and / or firmware. The term “circuitry” would also cover, for example and if applicable to the particular element, a baseband integrated circuit or applications processor integrated circuit for a mobile phone or a similar integrated circuit in a server, a cellular network device, or another network device.

[0083] The computer program may be in source code form, object code form, or in some intermediate form, and it may be stored in some sort of carrier, distribution medium, or computer-readable medium, which may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program. Such carriers include a record medium, computer memory, read-only memory, photoelectrical and / or electrical carrier signal, telecommunications signal, and software distribution package, for example. Depending on the processing power needed, the computer program may be executed in a single electronic digital computer, or it may be distributed amongst a number of computers.

[0084] Furthermore, embodiments of the various techniques described herein may use a cyber-physical system (CPS) (a system of collaborating computational elements controlling physical entities). CPS may enable the embodiment and exploitation of massive amounts of interconnected ICT devices (sensors, actuators, processors microcontrollers, ...) embedded in physical objects at different locations. Mobile cyber physical systems, in which the physical system in question has inherent mobility, are a subcategory of cyber-physical systems.Examples of mobile physical systems include mobile robotics and electronics transported by humans or animals. The rise in popularity of smartphones has increased interest in the area of mobile cyber-physical systems. Therefore, various embodiments of techniques described herein may be provided via one or more of these technologies.

[0085] A computer program, such as the computer program(s) described above, can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and can be deployed in any form, including as a standalone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit or part of it suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network.

[0086] Method steps may be performed by one or more programmable processors executing a computer program or computer program portions to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. Method steps also may be performed by,and an apparatus may be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit).

[0087] Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer, chip or chipset. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random access memory or both.Elements of a computer may include at least one processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data. Generally, a computer also may include, or be operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices for storing data, e.g., magnetic, magnetooptical disks, or optical disks. Information carriers suitable for embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, e.g., internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and the memory may be supplemented by, or incorporated in, special purpose logic circuitry.

[0088] To provide for interaction with a user, embodiments may be implemented on a computer having a display device, e.g., a cathode ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor, for displaying information to the user and a user interface, such as a keyboard and a pointing device, e.g., a mouse or a trackball, by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a user as well; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback, e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback; and input from the user can be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.

[0089] Embodiments may be implemented in a computing system that includes a backend component, e.g., as a data server, or that includes a middleware component, e.g., an application server, or that includes a frontend component, e.g., a client computer having a graphical user interface or a Web browser through which a user can interact with an embodiment, or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. Components may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication, e.g., a communication network. Examples of communication networks include a local area network (LAN) and a wide area network (WAN), e.g., the Internet.

[0090] While certain features of the described embodiments have been illustrated as described herein, many modifications, substitutions, changes and equivalents will now occurto those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spirit of the various embodiments.

[0091] Some examples will be described.

[0092] Example 1. An apparatus comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: receiving from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; and transmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

[0093] Example 2. The apparatus of Example 1, wherein the determining the one or more elements corresponds to one or more of: updating the one or more elements based on the at least one measurement; calculating the one or more elements based on only the at least one measurement; calculating the one or more elements based on the at least one measurement and the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI measurement report; or calculating the one or more elements based on the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI measurement report.

[0094] Example 3. The apparatus of Example 1 or 2, wherein the feedback information is transmitted as at least part of or along with at least one of: decoding feedback of the at least one downlink transmission; a measurement report associated with the at least one downlink transmission; or the at least one CSI report.

[0095] Example 4. The apparatus of any one of Examples 1 to 3, wherein the feedback information comprises an indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information indicative of association between the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: the at least one element of the at least one CSI report; or the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report.

[0096] Example 5. The apparatus of Example 4, wherein the indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control informationcomprises at least one of: an indication of whether the one or more elements are determined based on only the at least one measurement, on only the at least one reference signal resource, or on the at least one element and the at least one reference signal resource; information of number of samples of the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission; or information of a time period associated with the number of samples of the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0097] Example 6. The apparatus of Example 4, wherein the apparatus is further caused to perform transmitting the indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information as part of or along with hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment, HARQ-ACK, feedback, and in response to receiving the at least one downlink transmission.

[0098] Example 7. The apparatus of any one of Examples 1 to 6, wherein the performing the at least one measurement comprises at least one of: performing at least one measurement of a channel quality indication, CQI, of the at least one downlink transmission; performing at least one measurement of a signal-to-interference -plus-noise ratio, SINR, of the at least one downlink transmission; performing at least one measurement of a rank of the at least one downlink transmission; performing at least one measurement of a precoding matrix indication, PMI, of the at least one downlink transmission; or performing at least one measurement of a layer indication, LI, of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0099] Example 8. The apparatus of any one of Examples 1 to 7, wherein the at least one element of the at least one CSI report is determined based on at least one filter or filtering function.

[0100] Example 9. The apparatus of Example 8, wherein at least one coefficient of the at least one filter or filtering function is determined based on at least one of: frequency information of measured reference signals of the at least one downlink transmission; time information of the measured reference signals of the at least one downlink transmission; frequency information of at least one non-zero-power CSLRS, NZP CSI-RS; time information of the non-zero-power CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS; a channel quality indicator, CQI, of a CSI report; a rank of the CSI report; a precoding matrix indicator, PMI, of the CSI report; a layer indicator, LI, of the CSI report; information of layers associated with the at least one downlink transmission; or information associated with a confidence interval or validity of measurements of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0101] Example 10. The apparatus of any one of Examples 1 to 9, wherein the control information is received as part of at least one of: a downlink control information, DCI; aradio resource control, RRC, signaling; or a RRC parameter in a trigger state configuration of a CSI report, wherein the CSI report comprises at least one of: an aperiodic report; a semi-persistent CSI report; a periodic CSI report; or an event-based CSI report.

[0102] Example 11. The apparatus of any one of Examples 1 to 10, wherein the at least one downlink transmission comprises at least one of: at least one physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, transmission; at least one physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, transmission; or at least one demodulation reference signal, DMRS.

[0103] Example 12. The apparatus of Example 11, wherein the at least one DMRS is transmitted via at least one port group, wherein the at least one port group is not associated with data or with the PDSCH.

[0104] Example 13. The apparatus of any one of Examples 1 to 11, wherein the at least one downlink transmission comprises at least one of: at least one first port group, or at least one second port group, wherein the at least one first port group is associated with data or with PDSCH, or wherein the data is transmitted via the at least one first port group, and wherein the at least one second port group is not associated with the data or with the PDSCH, or wherein only at least one reference signal is transmitted via the at least one second port group.

[0105] Example 14. The apparatus of any one of Examples 1 to 13, wherein the at least one element of at least one CSI report or the one or more elements of the CSI report comprises at least one of: a CSI resource indicator, CRI; a channel quality indicator, CQI; a precoding matrix indicator, PMI; at least one component of a PMI; at least one component of a CSI quantity; a rank indicator, RI; a layer indicator; interference information; interference-plus-noise information; received signal received power information; signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio information; signal-to-noise ratio information; time-domain channel property information; or frequency-domain channel property information.

[0106] Example 15. The apparatus of any one of Examples 1 to 14, wherein the apparatus is further caused to perform receiving configuration information of at least one of: the at least one reference signal resource; CSI reference signal, CSI-RS, resource sets; CSI resources; CSI reporting; or DMRS.

[0107] Example 16. An apparatus comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: transmitting to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: atleast one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; and receiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

[0108] Example 17. An apparatus comprising means for causing the apparatus to perform at least: receiving from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; and transmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

[0109] Example 18. An apparatus comprising means for causing the apparatus to perform at least: transmitting to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; and receiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

[0110] Example 19. A method comprising: receiving, by a user device from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; and transmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

[0111] Example 20. The method of Example 19, wherein the determining the one or more elements corresponds to one or more of: updating the one or more elements based on the at least one measurement; calculating the one or more elements based on only the at least one measurement; calculating the one or more elements based on the at least one measurement and the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI measurement report; or calculating the one or more elements based on the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI measurement report.

[0112] Example 21. The method of Example 19 or 20, wherein the feedback information is transmitted as at least part of or along with at least one of: decoding feedback of the at least one downlink transmission; a measurement report associated with the at least one downlink transmission; or the at least one CSI report.

[0113] Example 22. The method of any one of Examples 19 to 21, wherein the feedback information comprises an indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information indicative of association between the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: the at least one element of the at least one CSI report; or the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report.

[0114] Example 23. The method of Example 22, wherein the indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information comprises at least one of: an indication of whether the one or more elements are determined based on only the at least one measurement, on only the at least one reference signal resource, or on the at least one element and the at least one reference signal resource; information of number of samples of the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission; or information of a time period associated with the number of samples of the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0115] Example 24. The method of Example 22, further comprising transmitting the indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information as part of or along with hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment, HARQ-ACK, feedback, and in response to receiving the at least one downlink transmission.

[0116] Example 25. The method of any one of Examples 19 to 24, wherein the performing the at least one measurement comprises at least one of: performing at least one measurement of a channel quality indication, CQI, of the at least one downlink transmission; performing at least one measurement of a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, SINR, of the at least one downlink transmission; performing at least one measurement of a rank of the atleast one downlink transmission; performing at least one measurement of a precoding matrix indication, PMI, of the at least one downlink transmission; or performing at least one measurement of a layer indication, LI, of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0117] Example 26. The method of any one of Examples 19 to 25, wherein the at least one element of the at least one CSI report is determined based on at least one filter or filtering function.

[0118] Example 27. The method of Example 26, wherein at least one coefficient of the at least one filter or filtering function is determined based on at least one of: frequency information of measured reference signals of the at least one downlink transmission; time information of the measured reference signals of the at least one downlink transmission; frequency information of at least one non-zero-power CSLRS, NZP CSI-RS; time information of the non-zero-power CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS; a channel quality indicator, CQI, of a CSI report; a rank of the CSI report; a precoding matrix indicator, PMI, of the CSI report; a layer indicator, LI, of the CSI report; information of layers associated with the at least one downlink transmission; or information associated with a confidence interval or validity of measurements of the at least one downlink transmission.

[0119] Example 28. The method of any one of Examples 19 to 27, wherein the control information is received as part of at least one of: a downlink control information, DCI; a radio resource control, RRC, signaling; or a RRC parameter in a trigger state configuration of a CSI report, wherein the CSI report comprises at least one of: an aperiodic report; a semi-persistent CSI report; a periodic CSI report; or an event-based CSI report.

[0120] Example 29. The method of any one of Examples 19 to 28, wherein the at least one downlink transmission comprises at least one of: at least one physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, transmission; at least one physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, transmission; or at least one demodulation reference signal, DMRS.

[0121] Example 30. The method of Example 29, wherein the at least one DMRS is transmitted via at least one port group, wherein the at least one port group is not associated with data or with the PDSCH.

[0122] Example 31. The method of any one of Examples 19 to 29, wherein the at least one downlink transmission comprises at least one of: at least one first port group, or at least one second port group, wherein the at least one first port group is associated with data or with PDSCH, or wherein the data is transmitted via the at least one first port group, and wherein the at least one second port group is not associated with the data or with the PDSCH, orwherein only at least one reference signal is transmitted via the at least one second port group.

[0123] Example 32. The method of any one of Examples 19 to 31, wherein the at least one element of at least one CSI report or the one or more elements of the CSI report comprises at least one of: a CSI resource indicator, CRI; a channel quality indicator, CQI; a precoding matrix indicator, PMI; at least one component of a PMI; at least one component of a CSI quantity; a rank indicator, RI; a layer indicator; interference information; interference-plus-noise information; received signal received power information; signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio information; signal-to-noise ratio information; time-domain channel property information; or frequency-domain channel property information.

[0124] Example 33. The method of any one of Examples 19 to 32, further comprising receiving configuration information of at least one of: the at least one reference signal resource; CSI reference signal, CSI-RS, resource sets; CSI resources; CSI reporting; or DMRS.

[0125] Example 34. A method comprising: transmitting, by a network node to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of: at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; and receiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

[0126] Example 35. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions stored thereon for performing a method of any of Examples 19 to 34.

[0127] Example 36. A computer program comprising instructions stored thereon for performing a method of any of Examples 19 to 34.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An apparatus comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:receiving from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of:at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report;performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; andtransmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the determining the one or more elements corresponds to one or more of:updating the one or more elements based on the at least one measurement; calculating the one or more elements based on only the at least one measurement; calculating the one or more elements based on the at least one measurement and the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI measurement report; orcalculating the one or more elements based on the at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI measurement report.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the feedback information is transmitted as at least part of or along with at least one of:decoding feedback of the at least one downlink transmission;a measurement report associated with the at least one downlink transmission; or the at least one CSI report.

4. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feedback information comprises an indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSIreport based on the control information indicative of association between the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of:the at least one element of the at least one CSI report; orthe at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information comprises at least one of:an indication of whether the one or more elements are determined based on only the at least one measurement, on only the at least one reference signal resource, or on the at least one element and the at least one reference signal resource;information of number of samples of the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission; orinformation of a time period associated with the number of samples of the at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission.

6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the apparatus is further caused to perform transmitting the indication of determining the one or more elements of the at least one CSI report based on the control information as part of or along with hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment, HARQ-ACK, feedback, and in response to receiving the at least one downlink transmission.

7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the performing the at least one measurement comprises at least one of:performing at least one measurement of a channel quality indication, CQI, of the at least one downlink transmission;performing at least one measurement of a signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio, SINR, of the at least one downlink transmission;performing at least one measurement of a rank of the at least one downlink transmission;performing at least one measurement of a precoding matrix indication, PMI, of the at least one downlink transmission; orperforming at least one measurement of a layer indication, LI, of the at least one downlink transmission.

8. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one element of the at least one CSI report is determined based on at least one filter or filtering function.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein at least one coefficient of the at least one filter or filtering function is determined based on at least one of:frequency information of measured reference signals of the at least one downlink transmission;time information of the measured reference signals of the at least one downlink transmission;frequency information of at least one non-zero-power CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS; time information of the non-zero-power CSI-RS, NZP CSI-RS;a channel quality indicator, CQI, of a CSI report;a rank of the CSI report;a precoding matrix indicator, PMI, of the CSI report;a layer indicator, LI, of the CSI report;information of layers associated with the at least one downlink transmission; or information associated with a confidence interval or validity of measurements of the at least one downlink transmission.

10. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the control information is received as part of at least one of:a downlink control information, DO;a radio resource control, RRC, signaling; ora RRC parameter in a trigger state configuration of a CSI report, wherein the CSI report comprises at least one of:an aperiodic report;a semi-persistent CSI report;a periodic CSI report; oran event-based CSI report.

11. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the at least one downlink transmission comprises at least one of:at least one physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, transmission;at least one physical downlink control channel, PDCCH, transmission; orat least one demodulation reference signal, DMRS.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the at least one DMRS is transmitted via at least one port group, wherein the at least one port group is not associated with data or with the PDSCH.

13. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the at least one downlink transmission comprises at least one of: at least one first port group, or at least one second port group,wherein the at least one first port group is associated with data or with PDSCH, or wherein the data is transmitted via the at least one first port group,and wherein the at least one second port group is not associated with the data or with the PDSCH, or wherein only at least one reference signal is transmitted via the at least one second port group.

14. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the at least one element of at least one CSI report or the one or more elements of the CSI report comprises at least one of:a CSI resource indicator, CRI;a channel quality indicator, CQI;a precoding matrix indicator, PMI;at least one component of a PMI;at least one component of a CSI quantity;a rank indicator, RI;a layer indicator;interference information;interference-plus-noise information ;received signal received power information;signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio information;signal-to-noise ratio information;time-domain channel property information; orfrequency-domain channel property information.

15. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the apparatus is further caused to perform receiving configuration information of at least one of:the at least one reference signal resource;CSI reference signal, CSI-RS, resource sets;CSI resources;CSI reporting; orDMRS.

16. An apparatus comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform:transmitting to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of:at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; andreceiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

17. An apparatus comprising means for causing the apparatus to perform at least:receiving from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of:at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report;performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; andtransmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

18. An apparatus comprising means for causing the apparatus to perform at least:transmitting to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of:at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; andreceiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

19. A method comprising:receiving, by a user device from a network node, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of:at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report;performing at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission; determining, based on the at least one measurement and the control information, one or more elements of the at least one CSI report; andtransmitting feedback information associated with the determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report.

20. A method comprising:transmitting, by a network node to a user device, control information for at least one downlink transmission, wherein the control information is indicative of association between at least one resource of the at least one downlink transmission and at least one of:at least one element of at least one channel state information, CSI, report; or at least one reference signal resource associated with the at least one CSI report; andreceiving feedback information associated with a determined one or more elements of the at least one CSI report, wherein the determining is based on at least one measurement based on the at least one downlink transmission.

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