Fall protection coupling device for personal protective equipment, comprising means for detecting and signaling a correct anchoring configuration

Abstract

Fall protection coupling device (D) for personal protective equipment, comprising: - a snap hook (1) configured to enclose and retain an anchoring element (A); - at least one detection element (2), associated with the snap hook (1), arranged to interact with the anchoring element (A) when the latter is inserted within the snap hook (1); - at least one anchoring switch (3), associated with said detection element (2), configured to change state upon interaction or cessation of the interaction between the detection element (2) and the anchoring element (A), thereby detecting an insertion condition of the anchoring element (A); - a diagnostic circuit configured to receive a signal from said anchoring switch (3) and to determine: an anchoring configuration, if the insertion condition is detected; or a non-anchoring configuration, if the insertion condition is not detected; - at least one signaling and / or communication module configured to notify a user of the configuration determined by said diagnostic circuit.

Description

[0001] Title: Fall protection coupling device for personal protective equipment, comprising means for detecting and signaling a correct anchoring configuration.

[0002] DESCRIPTION

[0003] Field of application

[0004] The present invention relates to a fall protection coupling device, specifically a device comprising a snap hook and means for detecting and signaling a correct anchoring configuration. The proposed solution is applicable to both single-hook fall protection systems and double-hook systems.

[0005] The invention pertains to the technical field of personal protective equipment (PPE), specifically devices designed to prevent falls in work environments where safety at height is critical.

[0006] The invention finds useful application in any context where fall protection is essential for ensuring worker safety, for example, on construction sites and in the field of industrial maintenance. The invention is particularly suitable for use in high-risk environments, including ATEX- classified zones, such as refineries, chemical plants, and shipyards. Other notable applications include, but are not limited to, the telecommunications and utilities sectors, wind turbine installations, rescue operations and firefighting, rope access work, and warehouse and logistics environments.

[0007] Background of the invention

[0008] Known fall protection coupling systems are primarily mechanical and lack integrated diagnostic functionalities.

[0009] Only some electronic devices attempt to introduce sensors or monitoring circuits; however, they present several limitations.

[0010] GLIOOIBWOSome devices, such as that disclosed in US 9,861,840 B2, are designed to monitor user movements in order to detect hazardous behavior patterns. Others, such as those described in US 11,260,252 B2, WO 2012 / 158554 A2 and WO 2024 / 018325 Al, focus on detecting the occurrence of a fall event. However, these systems lack the capability to monitor the secure engagement of the coupling hook, a feature that is critically important for preventing unprotected falls.

[0011] Some systems, such as the one disclosed in US 2022 / 404388 Al, employ an accelerometer on the cable to monitor the connection; however, these systems require a remote and complex infrastructure to monitor the signal.

[0012] Other systems, focused on detecting secure engagement of the hook, rely on active sensors, such as inductive or magnetic sensors. For example, JP 7438120 B2 utilizes embedded inductive sensors to detect secure attachment to metallic structures; CN 113519016 B combines magnetic sensors with NFC tags; US 11,745,035 B2, US 2023 / 218935 Al, and CA 3,145,804 Al also employ magnetometers or resonant inductive sensors. However, sensors of this kind typically require a continuous power supply, frequent recharging, and are often susceptible to false signals. Additionally, these systems generally depend on specific anchoring materials (e.g., conductive metals such as steel or aluminum) or precise geometries. For instance, magnetometers or resonant inductive sensors function effectively only with ferromagnetic or metallic anchors.

[0013] Moreover, these systems may require dedicated external infrastructure, such as anchoring elements with embedded tags or integrated NFC identifiers.

[0014] A further drawback is that these systems require precision electronics and calibration.

[0015] Finally, most of the above-discussed systems, due to their inherent

[0016] GLIOOIBWOcomplexity, may experience a loss of performance over time when employed in harsh industrial environments and hostile conditions (such as humidity, dust, and atmospheric agents).

[0017] The technical problem underlying the present invention is therefore that of devising a fall protection coupling system capable of monitoring the correct anchoring configuration of a snap hook, which addresses at least some of the drawbacks of the prior art.

[0018] An object of the present invention is to devise a fall protection coupling system with limited energy consumption, capable of operating without the need for recharging or battery replacement over an extended period, typically for at least an entire working year.

[0019] A further object of the present invention is to devise a fall protection coupling device that is robust and capable of functioning over time, even in harsh environments, ensuring protection against water and dust, as well as providing mechanical resistance. Preferably, the snap hook should not have structurally weakened portions for monitoring its anchoring conditions.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to provide a system that reliably identifies and communicates the configuration of the snap hook, without being influenced by external noise or environmental conditions.

[0021] Yet another object of the present invention is to devise a device that can accurately identify the correct anchoring of the device, irrespective of the material of the anchoring element, and that does not require dedicated anchoring elements with embedded tags or sensors. Preferably, the device should be capable of functioning with anchoring elements made of metallic, textile, composite, conductive, and non-conductive materials. Another object of the present invention is to devise a fall protection coupling device that is compatible with wearable protection devices carried by the operator.

[0022] GLIOOIBWOYet another object is to provide a device that can identify incorrect anchoring by the operator and signal various non-safety conditions. A further object of the device is to provide a system that can support dual¬ hook systems, validating the attachment even when only one hook is connected.

[0023] Yet another object of the invention is to provide a device that operates without requiring a preliminary calibration step.

[0024] A further object of the invention is to provide a device that works automatically, without requiring the operator to turn it on.

[0025] Summary of the invention

[0026] The previously identified technical problem is solved by a fall protection coupling device for personal protective equipment, comprising:

[0027] - a snap hook configured to enclose and retain an anchoring element; - at least one detection element, associated with the snap hook , arranged to interact with the anchoring element when the latter is inserted within the snap hook;

[0028] - at least one anchoring switch, associated with said detection element, configured to change state upon interaction or cessation of the interaction between the detection element and the anchoring element, thereby detecting an insertion condition of the anchoring element;

[0029] - a diagnostic circuit configured to receive a signal from said anchoring switch and to determine: an anchoring configuration, if the insertion condition is detected; or a non-anchoring configuration, if the insertion condition is not detected;

[0030] - at least one signaling and / or communication module configured to notify a user of the configuration determined by said diagnostic circuit.

[0031] GLIOOIBWOAs a skilled person would understand, unlike the electronic devices known in the art, the use of a simple anchoring switch allows for reliable detection of the insertion condition with very low energy consumption, while generating a robust, binary output that cannot be misinterpreted. Preferably, the anchoring switch is a passive component, in particular a monostatic mechanical binary switch.

[0032] Indeed, the switch acts as a passive sensor because it detects the presence of the anchoring element without actively requiring or emitting energy. In its latent state, it remains in a standby mode, waiting for the triggering event, which is the insertion of the anchoring element, and does so without consuming energy. This passive behavior allows it to be highly energy-efficient, as it only responds to external changes without generating or emitting any signals itself.

[0033] The anchoring switch may advantageously operate without continuous power consumption. By way of non-limiting examples, the anchoring switch may be implemented as an electromechanical microswitch, a Reed switch, or a Snap-Dome switch, all of which function passively and do not require a constant power supply. Other types of switches may be employed without departing from the scope of the invention. It is also possible to envisage the use of an analog sensor, with the activation threshold set to apply a binary logic, thereby utilizing the sensor as a switch.

[0034] Preferably, the insertion condition is detected when the pressure resulting from the constraint reaction force exerted by the anchoring element onto the detection element exceeds a predefined threshold.

[0035] The threshold pressure is preferably defined as a fraction of the pressure that would be exerted by the snap hook hanging from the anchoring element under its own weight, typically around one fifth of that pressure. This accounts for situations in which the snap hook, although correctly attached to the anchoring element, may also be subject to additional

[0036] GLIOOIBWOexternal constraints or supports, such that its full weight is not entirely transferred to the detection element. Specifically, the pressure threshold preferably corresponds to a force ranging from 0.5 to 2.5 Newtons acting on the detection element.

[0037] To correctly identify the presence of the anchoring element, the detection element can be advantageously positioned along the inner surface of the hook body, preferably at the concavity defined by the bent portion of the hook body. Such a concavity is typically positioned opposite an eyelet or similar fastener designed to attach the snap hook to a cable or rope connected to the operator’s harness.

[0038] Preferably, said snap hook comprises:

[0039] a hook body;

[0040] a movable or deformable portion of the detection element overlapping a section of the hook body and configured to move or deform from a rest configuration to a displaced or deformed configuration under the pressure exerted by the anchoring element;

[0041] elastic return means arranged to maintain said movable or deformable portion in the rest configuration in the absence of the anchoring element; wherein said anchoring switch is associated with said movable or deformable portion and is configured to detect the insertion condition when the movable or deformable portion is in the displaced or deformed configuration.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, said movable or deformable portion of the detection element is a movable portion, the rest configuration corresponds to a position in which the movable portion is offset from the overlapped section of the hook body and the displaced configuration corresponds to a position in which the movable portion is proximate to the overlapped section of the hook body.

[0043] GLIOOIBWOIn such an embodiment, the elastic return means preferably comprise a spring acting upon the movable portion. The spring may be a leaf spring interposed between the hook body and the movable portion, a torsional spring, or any other suitable compliant mechanism.

[0044] In such an embodiment, the movable portion is preferably U-shaped, following the contour of the underlying portion of the hook body.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, the movable or deformable portion of the detection element is a deformable portion made of elastic material, with the elastic return means being defined by the elastic material itself, which reverts to its original shape once the pressure acting upon it is released. In such an embodiment, the anchoring switch may be embedded within the elastic material forming the deformable portion.

[0046] In the embodiment comprising a movable portion, such a movable portion may be pivotally connected to the hook body, said anchoring switch being positioned on a rocking body external to the hook body and fixedly connected to the movable portion, said anchoring switch facing an outer surface of the hook body.

[0047] Preferably, the anchoring switch is normally closed when the movable portion is in its rest configuration, compressed against the outer surface of the hook body. When pressure is exerted on the movable portion, it tilts relative to the hook body, causing the external rocking body to move. This tilting motion causes the rocking body to move away from the hook body, thereby releasing the anchoring switch and setting it in an open position.

[0048] Preferably, said snap hook further comprises a closure gate, the coupling device further comprising a closure switch configured to detect a closure condition of said closure gate.

[0049] Preferably, said diagnostic circuit is configured to be influenced by a change in state of said closure switch, wherein said diagnostic circuit is

[0050] GLIOOIBWOconfigured to discriminate between a safety configuration, in which the anchoring switch detects the insertion condition and the closure switch detects the closure condition, and non-safety configurations, in which the anchoring switch does not detect the insertion condition and / or the closure switch does not detect the closure condition.

[0051] Preferably, said closure switch is a passive component, in particular a monostatic mechanical binary switch.

[0052] The closure switch may advantageously operate without continuous power consumption. By way of non-limiting examples, the closure switch may be implemented as an electromechanical microswitch, a Reed switch, or a Snap-Dome switch, all of which function passively and do not require a constant power supply. Other types of switches may be employed without departing from the scope of the invention. It is also possible to envisage the use of an analog sensor, with the activation threshold set to apply a binary logic, thereby utilizing the sensor as a switch.

[0053] Preferably, said closure switch is interposed between a safety latch of the closure gate and a supporting surface.

[0054] In the embodiment comprising a movable portion, the supporting surface can be placed on the rocking body, opposite to the anchoring switch relative to the hinging point of the rocking body.

[0055] Preferably, the closure switch is normally open.

[0056] When the movable portion is in its resting configuration, the anchoring switch is closed and the closure switch is open, defining a non-safety configuration in which the anchoring element is not correctly inserted. When the movable portion shifts to its displaced configuration, and before the safety latch is fully engaged to lock the closure gate, the rocking body tilts, causing the anchoring switch to open and the closure switch remains open because the safety latch is pressed.

[0057] GLIOOIBWOOnce the safety latch snaps back into its final locking position, the closure switch is pressed to reach its close state.

[0058] As a result, a safety configuration is defined when the anchoring switch is open and the closure switch is closed, indicating that the anchoring element is properly inserted and the closure gate is securely locked.

[0059] When, however, the safety latch is displaced to unlock the closure gate, it moves away from the tilting body, thereby causing the closure switch to reopen. In this situation, the anchoring switch remains open, while the closure switch is also open, defining a non-safety configuration in which the anchoring element is inserted but the closure gate is no longer securely locked.

[0060] In this embodiment, it is physically impossible for both the closure switch and the anchoring switch to be closed simultaneously; therefore, such a reading must be interpreted as an indication of a mechanical failure of the device.

[0061] The diagnostic circuit may implement a combination of P- and N-channel MOSFETs, or any other variant of a diagnostic circuit based on semiconductor switching devices (e.g., MOSFET, BJT, solid-state relay, ASIC, integrated logic circuits, or equivalent devices), to activate the electronics in response to a binary change in the switches.

[0062] Preferably, the diagnostic circuit and the at least one signaling and / or communication module are enclosed in a hermetically sealed casing structurally or mechanically fixed to a movable portion of said detection element or to said snap hook. This provides maximum protection against dust and water, ideally meeting the IP67 / 68 international standard. In the preferred embodiment featuring a rocking body, the casing can be mounted directly onto it, allowing the anchoring switch (and, if present, the closure switch) to extend from the casing without the need for external wiring.

[0063] GLIOOIBWOPreferably, the diagnostic circuit and the at least one signaling and / or communication module remain completely unpowered until one of the switches changes state, as power is supplied only upon activation of either the anchoring or the closure switch. In other words, the device features a true plug-and-play behavior, with no standby power consumption prior to mechanical engagement.

[0064] Preferably, said at least one signaling and / or communication module comprises an embedded signaling module, comprising acoustic, visual, and / or haptic indicators. These indicators are locally positioned on the fall protection coupling device to provide the operator with immediate feedback on the anchoring status.

[0065] Preferably, said at least one signaling and / or communication module comprises a wireless communication module. In particular, the wireless communication module can be a Bluetooth communication module, preferably a BLE communication module, with an integrated antenna. The wireless communication module is configured to emit advertising packets, preferably Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) advertising packets, enabling remote devices to monitor the safety configuration in real time without requiring pairing or active connection. Such remote devices may include, for example, wearable technology like a smartwatch carried by the operator.

[0066] The previously identified technical problem is also solved by a fall protection system comprising two fall protection coupling devices with wireless communication module. Said system comprises at least a control unit configured to receive signals corresponding to the configurations determined by the diagnostic circuits of both fall protection coupling devices, wherein said control unit identifies a safety condition if and only if at least one of said configurations is an anchoring configuration. The system thus ensures that the operator remains securely attached at all times, while allowing for safe transitions between anchoring points during movement from one position to another.

[0067] GLIOOIBWOIn an embodiment, the control unit is located on one of the two fall coupling devices, which thereby functions as the master device, while the other operates as the slave. The master and slave devices interact via their respective wireless communication modules, with the slave device being configured to emit advertising packets, preferably BLE advertising packets, and the master device being configured to receive and interpret these packets without establishing a paired connection. Preferably, the master device is also responsible for signaling and / or communicating the safety condition or the lack thereof to the operator.

[0068] In an alternative embodiment, the control unit is located on a remote device, preferably a wearable device such as a smartwatch, which communicates with the wireless communication modules of both fall protection coupling devices. In this occurrence, the remote device can also be responsible for signaling the safety condition or the lack thereof to the operator.

[0069] The previously identified technical problem is also solved by a method for detecting and communicating the configuration of a fall protection coupling device as described above, comprising the steps of:

[0070] - detecting, via said anchoring switch, an insertion condition of the anchoring element;

[0071] - determining an anchoring or non-anchoring configuration via said diagnostic circuit;

[0072] - signaling to an operator the configuration determined by said diagnostic circuit via said at least one signaling and / or communication module through wireless communication and / or local signaling.

[0073] The method may further comprise a preliminary step of activating the normally dormant diagnostic circuit in response to the triggering of the anchoring switch.

[0074] Activation of the diagnostic circuit may initiate a countdown timer, which

[0075] GLIOOIBWOis subsequently reset upon any further triggering of the anchoring switch and / or a closure switch.

[0076] During the countdown timer, the system performs repeated cycles consisting of an acquisition window followed by an inactivity window. In each acquisition window, the states of the anchoring switch and the closure switch are sampled.

[0077] This is preferably followed by an inactivity window during which the inputs are placed in high-impedance mode, significantly reducing current draw and overall power consumption.

[0078] In the absence of further events that reset the countdown, the expiration of the timer results in the complete power-down of the diagnostic circuit, which remains unpowered until a new triggering event occurs on either the anchoring switch or the closure switch.

[0079] The method may further involve transmitting configuration data to a remote device via a wireless communication module.

[0080] The data sent to the remote device may advantageously be in a binary format, wherein the data may indicate both the binary anchored / nonanchored state of the snap hook and the binary open / closed state of the closure gate of the snap hook.

[0081] The method can optionally comprise all steps inferred from the above description of the device's advantageous features and can also be extended to a method for detecting and communicating the configuration of a fall protection system comprising two fall protection devices as described above.

[0082] Further features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred, but not exclusive, embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the enclosed figures given by way of example and not for limiting purposes.

[0083] GLIOOIBWOBrief description of the drawings

[0084] Figure 1 shows a lateral view of a fall protection coupling device for personal protective equipment according to the invention;

[0085] Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a detail of the fall protection coupling device from Figure 1 , focusing on the upper bending portion of the snap hook;

[0086] Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of the fall protection coupling device from Figure 1 , taken along the median plane of the snap hook;

[0087] Figure 4 shows a detail of a hermetically sealed casing of the fall protection coupling device according to Figure 1;

[0088] Figure 5 shows a first configuration of the fall protection coupling device of Figure 1 ;

[0089] Figure 6 shows a transition of the fall protection coupling device of Figure 1 from the first configuration to a second configuration;

[0090] Figure 7 shows the second configuration of the fall protection coupling device of Figure 1 ;

[0091] Figure 8 shows a transition of the fall protection coupling device of Figure 1 from the second configuration to a third configuration;

[0092] Figure 9 shows a potentially hazardous anchored configuration of a fall protection coupling device according to the invention;

[0093] Figure 10 shows another potentially hazardous anchored configuration of a fall protection coupling device according to the invention;

[0094] Figure 11 shows a simplified functional block diagram of the electronics of the fall protection coupling device according to the invention;

[0095] Figure 12 shows a functional electronic diagram of the fall protection coupling device according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0096] GLIOOIBWOFigure 13 illustrates the logical operation flow of the fall protection coupling device in a simplified form;

[0097] Figure 14 shows an UML diagram of the control logic of the fall protection coupling device;

[0098] Figure 15 shows a lateral view of a fall protection coupling device for personal protective equipment according to a second embodiment of the invention;

[0099] Figure 16 shows a lateral view of a fall protection coupling device for personal protective equipment according to a third embodiment of the invention;

[0100] Figure 17 shows a schematic view of a fall protection comprising a fall protection coupling device according to the invention and a remote device;

[0101] Figure 18 shows a schematic view of a fall protection comprising two fall protection coupling devices according to the invention and a remote device;

[0102] Figure 19 shows a schematic view of a fall protection comprising two fall protection coupling devices according to the invention.

[0103] Detailed description

[0104] Referring to enclosed Figure 1, reference letter D generically identifies a fall protection coupling device according to the invention.

[0105] The fall protection coupling device D comprises a snap hook 1.

[0106] The snap hook 1 comprises, in a manner known per se, a hook body 10 bent to define a substantially U-shaped configuration. The hook body 10 has an elongated form and extends from a fastening end 18 to an opposite curved end 19, the latter forming a hook-like structure. The hook body 10 includes an opening that defines an inner volume configured to receive

[0107] GLIOOIBWOan anchoring element A.

[0108] The snap hook 1 also comprises an eyelet 14, located at the fastening end 18. This eyelet 14 is designed to facilitate attachment of the snap hook 1 to a cable or rope, which is further connected to an operator’s harness.

[0109] The snap hook 1 further comprises a closure gate 11 hingedly connected to the hook body 10, which can rotate about a pivot to open and access the inner volume. The closure gate 11, when in the closed position, serves to secure the anchoring element A inside the hook and prevent accidental disengagement.

[0110] In addition to the closure gate 11 , the snap hook 1 comprises a safety latch 12, which is mounted on the hook body 10 and is specifically designed to prevent accidental opening of the closure gate 11. When engaged, the safety latch 12 prevents the rotation of the closure gate 11, ensuring that it remains securely locked in place. To open the snap hook I , the safety latch 12 must be manually disengaged by pressing a trigger mechanism, which releases the latch and allows for the opening of the closure gate.

[0111] The trigger mechanism comprises a push surface 13, which is accessible to the operator from a side of the snap hook 1 opposite the closure gate I I. Upon pressing the push surface 13, it moves towards the closure gate 11, causing the safety latch 12 to disengage and allowing the closure gate 11 to be rotated open.

[0112] According to the present embodiment of the invention, the fall protection coupling device D comprises a detection element 2.

[0113] The detection element 2 comprises a movable portion 20, which, in the present embodiment, is formed by a U-shaped profile configured to correspond in shape to the curved end 19 of the hook body 10. The U-shaped profile is arranged to overlap the curved end 19 and is rotatable relative to the hook body about a hinge 15, which is disposed at an end of said U-shaped profile and laterally with respect to the profile of the

[0114] GLIOOIBWOhook body 10.

[0115] In a preferred embodiment, the hinge 15 is defined by a riveted pin. As best illustrated in Figure 2, the U-shaped profile comprises lateral walls 22 that extend along and at least partially surround the lateral surfaces of the hook body 10, and a contact wall 23 that is positioned to overlie the inner surface of the hook body 10. The U-shaped profile is preferably thin-walled, with the wall thickness being less than 2 mm, and more preferably approximately 1 mm.

[0116] Elastic return means 21 in the form of a leaf spring are arranged between the bottom contact wall 23 and the hook body 10. The leaf spring is preferably made of spring steel.

[0117] During its rotation, the U-shaped profile moves between a rest configuration, in which a curved portion of the contact wall 23 is slightly spaced from the curved end 19 of the hook body 10, and a displaced configuration, in which said curved portion is positioned closer to the hook body 10, thereby compressing the interposed leaf spring. The leaf spring is configured to bias the U-shaped profile toward the rest configuration.

[0118] An abutment end 16 of the contact wall 23 is configured to abut against the internal surface of the hook body in the rest configuration, thereby defining an end position and preventing further rotation or disconnection of the mechanical system.

[0119] The movable portion 20 is preferably made of metal, for instance stainless steel.

[0120] The movable portion 20 is formed integrally with a rocking body 7, which extends outside the inner volume of the snap hook 1 on the side opposite the hinge 15.

[0121] The rocking body 7 extends on both sides of the hinge 15, comprising a

[0122] GLIOOIBWOdistal portion directed toward the curved end 19 and a proximal portion directed toward the fastening end 18. When the movable portion 20 transitions from the rest position to the displaced position, the integrally connected rocking body also pivots, such that the distal portion moves away from the side of the hook body 10, while the proximal portion moves toward it.

[0123] The rocking body 7 defines a substantially flat surface arranged to face the external lateral surface of the hook body 10. An anchoring switch 3 and a closure switch 6 are disposed on the rocking body 7, projecting from the substantially flat surface. The anchoring switch 3 is located in the distal portion, whereas the closure switch 6 is located in the proximal portion.

[0124] Both the anchoring switch 3 and the closure switch 6 are monostatic switches. The anchoring switch 3 is preferably normally closed, i.e. closes the circuit when released and remains open when pressure is applied, while the closure switch 6 is preferably normally open, i.e. closes the circuit when pressed and remains open when no pressure is applied. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 1-8, the anchoring switch 3 and the closure switch 6 are mechanical microswitches, such as the D2GW- A12D model or equivalent, preferably sealed to ensure hermetical closure.

[0125] The rocking body 7 supports a casing 70 that houses a diagnostic circuit 4, an optional embedded signaling module 50, and a wireless communication module 51. The casing 70 is hermetically sealed and shock- resistant, ideally conforming to IP67 / 68 and IK7 standards.

[0126] Figure 4 shows a detail of the casing 70 with opened to show its inner components.

[0127] The casing contains a battery 71, preferably a long-lasting battery. In a preferred embodiment, the battery 71 is a CR2477 battery, having a nominal voltage of 3V and a nominal capacity of lOOOmAh.

[0128] GLIOOIBWOThe wireless communication module 51 is preferably a BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) communication module, with a PCB antenna 72, only visible in Figure 11, integrated within the casing 70.

[0129] The embedded signaling module 50 can comprise one or two LEDs and / or speakers integrated within the casing 70 to signal a device configuration to the operator.

[0130] The diagnostic circuit 4 and the wireless communication module 51 are preferably configured as a single processing unit, specifically an SoC unit 40 with BLE capability. As a non-limiting example, the SoC unit may be any unit of the nRF52 family, such as an nRF52832 unit, a QB6x unit by Coretronic®, or another similar low-power unit.

[0131] Figure 5 illustrates a first configuration of the fall protection coupling device D. In this configuration, no anchoring element A is inserted into the inner volume of the hook body 10. As a result, the movable portion 20 is retained in its rest configuration by the elastic return means 21, and the rocking body 7 is tilted toward the curved end 19 of the hook body 10. Consequently, the anchoring switch 3, which is pressed against the external side of the hook body 10, remains actuated and is therefore in a closed condition. On the opposite side of the hinge 15, the closure switch 6 is offset from the push surface 13 of the safety latch 12, and is therefore unactuated and in an open condition.

[0132] As illustrated in Figure 6, when the closure gate 11 is properly closed with the safety latch 12 engaged, and the anchoring element A is inserted into the inner volume of the hook body 10, the anchoring element A exerts pressure on the movable portion 20, displacing it toward the displaced configuration against the biasing force of the elastic return means 21. As a result, the movable portion 20 and the rocking body 7 rotate together in a clockwise direction with respect to the representation shown in Figure 6, thereby transitioning into a second configuration illustrated in Figure 7.

[0133] GLIOOIBWOIn the second configuration, the rocking body 7 is tilted toward the fastening end 18 of the hook body 10. Consequently, the anchoring switch 3, which is now positioned offset from the external side of the hook body 10, is unactuated and therefore in an open condition. On the opposite side of the hinge 15, the closure switch 6 is pressed against the push surface 13 of the safety latch 12, and is therefore in a closed condition.

[0134] It is observed that a harness ring has a limited diameter so that it may insert only partially in the hook-shaped body. The movable portion is specifically shaped so that it does not extend to portion of the hook body 10 adjacent to the closure gate 11, so that the harness ring cannot trigger displacement of said movable portion 20 and therefore does not cause the opening of anchoring switch 3. In this way, the electronics differentiate between valid anchoring configurations and attachments to the harness.

[0135] Figure 8 illustrates a transition from the second configuration to a third configuration, in which the safety latch 12 is disengaged, either accidentally or by the operator. As previously described, in order to disengage the safety latch 12, it is pressed toward the closure gate 11, that is, away from the rocking body 7. As a result, the push surface 13 is moved away from the closure switch 6, which is thereby released and assumes an open condition. Meanwhile, since the anchoring element A remains in place, the movable portion 20 and the rocking body 7 remain in their clockwise-tilted position, and the anchoring switch 3 remains unactuated and thus in an open condition.

[0136] In view of the above, the diagnostics circuit 4 receives two binary signals from the anchoring switch 3 and the closure switch 6 which may result in four different combinations.

[0137] A first combination, in which the anchoring switch 3 is closed and the closure switch 6 is open, indicates that the fall protection coupling device D is currently inactive, meaning that the snap hook 1 is in a non-

[0138] GLIOOIBWOanchored configuration.

[0139] A second combination, in which the anchoring switch 3 is open and the closure switch 6 is closed, indicates that the fall protection coupling device is securely anchored, as the anchoring element A is within the inner volume of the snap hook 1 and the safety latch 12 is engaged. This is the only configuration that is interpreted as a safe configuration for an operator working at height.

[0140] A third combination, in which both the anchoring switch 3 and the closure switch 6 are open, indicates that the anchoring element is engaged within the snap hook 1, but the safety latch 12 is disengaged, meaning that the closure gate 11 is potentially open. Such a configuration is considered hazardous, as it may result in an unsafe attachment, such as those depicted in Figures 9 and 10. In these depictions, the snap hook 1 is attached to an improper anchoring feature A', which prevents closure of the closure gate 11.

[0141] Finally, a fourth combination, in which both the anchoring switch 3 and the closure switch 6 are closed, should not be practically possible and may be interpreted as a mechanical failure of the device.

[0142] As represented in Figure 11, the electronic system advantageously comprises the SoC unit 40 with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) capability, powered by the battery 71. Power management is implemented through a smart power-on logic utilizing a P-channel MOSFET QI and an N-channel MOSFET Q2.

[0143] The system operates without the use of voltage regulators, thereby significantly reducing power consumption to less than 3 mAh per day. The device further comprises a printed circuit board-integrated antenna 72 coupled with a 50 Ohm impedance matching LC network with inductor LI and capacitor Cl. A countdown cycle described in the following, along with subsequent active and deep sleep operation windows, is configurable via firmware.

[0144] GLIOOIBWOThe SoC unit 40 is configured to receive input signals as follows: closure gate opening detection, provided by the normally open closure switch 6 connected to a first GPIO of the SoC unit 40;

[0145] anchoring detection, provided by the normally closed anchoring switch 3 connected to a second GPIO of the SoC unit 40.

[0146] The integrated antenna 72 is electrically coupled to an ANT port via an impedance matching network comprising inductor LI and capacitor Cl. A diode CR 1 is configured to implement a logical control function between two activation signals, thereby allowing the two distinct switches to perform a low-side OR logic operation on a common node, namely the gate of MOSFET QI, without causing mutual interference.

[0147] The entire circuit is designed for extremely low power consumption through dedicated firmware logic, thereby ensuring a typical operating autonomy of at least one working year (based on an 8-hour duty cycle over 220 days).

[0148] Figure 13 illustrates the logical operation flow of the device in a simplified and exemplary form, following mechanical variation of the movable components. Figure 14 shows a corresponding UML diagram.

[0149] The system remains in an inactive state until the switching of the anchoring switch 3, which triggers the activation of the electronic system.

[0150] Subsequently, the diagnostic circuit 4 receives two distinct input signals: one from the closure switch 6 (indicating the open / closed state of the gate), and one from the anchoring switch 3 (indicating the presence or absence of an anchoring element). The combination of these signals enables the system to determine the current safety status.

[0151] The wireless transmission module 51 communicates the detected status in binary form, in order to minimize energy consumption and to ensure maximum operational autonomy.

[0152] GLIOOIBWOAs previously mentioned, the system activates any time a variation in either the anchoring switch 3 or the closure switch 6 is detected. The system remains active for a duration determined by the diagnostic circuit 4. During this time, the system may register and transmit the detected state.

[0153] Activation initiates an activity period governed by a countdown timer implemented on the SoC unit 40, typically lasting 60 seconds. Any further change in state of the switches 3, 6 resets and restarts the countdown.

[0154] During the countdown period, a secondary loop is executed, which includes a detection window for reading the state of the switches 3, 6. The duration of this window is selected based on the time constants of the RC circuits used for managing the mechanical bounces of the switches, and is typically around 200 milliseconds. At the end of this window, a BLE packet is transmitted containing the detected state of the switches 3, 6. Subsequently, the GPIO pins connected to the switches are set to high-impedance in order to minimize current draw and optimize energy efficiency.

[0155] At the end of the active window, the system enters a deep sleep mode for a configurable duration, typically around 1 second, after which a new detection window is initiated.

[0156] In other words, the system remains in an inactive state until the switching of the anchoring switch 3, which activates the electronics. The electronics then receives two distinct signals: one from the anchoring switch 3 (indicating the presence or absence of anchoring) and one from closure switch 6 (open / closed state of the hook). The combination of these signals enables the determination of the safety status.

[0157] The wireless transmission module 51 communicates the detected state in binary form, in order to minimize energy consumption and ensure maximum operational autonomy.

[0158] GLIOOIBWOThe logic for interpreting the configuration states of the fall protection coupling device (non-anchored hook, anchored and closed hook, anchored and open hook) may be managed locally by the firmware of the SoC unit 40, autonomously and independently from external devices. Figure 15 illustrates an alternative embodiment of a fall protection coupling device, designated as D', in accordance with the present invention.

[0159] In this embodiment, the anchoring switch 3' and the closure switch 6', rather than being implemented as mechanical microswitches, are configured as REED switches. To enable actuation of said REED switches, actuation magnets 8 are affixed to the hook body 10, in positions corresponding to and operatively aligned with the anchoring switch 3' and the closure switch &, such that the tilt of the rocking body 7 and the safety latch causes the REED switches to move closer to or farther away from their respective actuation magnets 8.

[0160] Figure 16 illustrates a further alternative embodiment of a fall protection coupling device, designated as D", also in accordance with the present invention.

[0161] In this configuration, the anchoring switch 3" and the closure switch 6" are realized as Snap Dome switches, with a mechanical behavior similar to that of the microswitches used in the main embodiment.

[0162] Regardless of the nature of the binary switches employed, various mechanical configurations of the detection element 2 may be adopted, all directed toward achieving the same actuation functionality.

[0163] By way of example, the detection element 2 may be configured as a deformable element in place of a movable element 20, or the movable element 20 itself may be arranged to slide or pivot about a point different from that illustrated. Similarly, the elastic return means 21 may vary in form, position, and / or type; for instance, they can be replaced with a torsion spring or by a compliant mechanism.

[0164] GLIOOIBWOAn embodiment is also contemplated wherein only the anchoring switch 3; 3'; 3" is provided, in applications where monitoring of the hook opening is not required.

[0165] Figure 17 illustrates a fall protection system S comprising a fall protection coupling device D, as described above, and at least one remote device W having a control unit U, to which the wireless communication module 51 of the coupling device transmits information relating to the configuration of the snap hook 1. Preferably, the communication consists of a two-bit signal indicative of the respective states of the anchoring switch 3 and the closure switch 6.

[0166] The remote device W is preferably a wearable device, such as a smartwatch, allowing real-time monitoring by the user. In an alternative embodiment, the remote device may be implemented as a remote receiver connected to a centralized control system, enabling supervision and data logging at a central location.

[0167] Figure 18 illustrates a fall protection system S' comprising two fall protection coupling devices Dx, D2, and at least one remote device W. The remote device W is equipped with a control unit U that collects configuration data from both fall protection coupling devices D2and D2and determines a safety condition based on whether at least one of the devices is in an anchored, closed configuration.

[0168] The remote device W may be a wearable device, such as a smartwatch, or alternatively, a remote receiver, for example associated with the harness. In some instances, the remote device W may then route the information detected toward a centralized control system, for example a control room. Figure 19 illustrates a further embodiment of a fall protection system S", comprising two fall protection coupling devices DM and Ds that do not utilize a remote device for data assessment.

[0169] In this embodiment, one of the devices, designated as the master device

[0170] GLIOOIBWODM, gathers configuration data from the other device, referred to as the slave device Ds. The control unit U of the master device DM evaluates whether at least one of the devices is in an anchored, closed configuration to identify a safety condition for the whole system S”. The master device DM can then signal to the operator the safety or non-safety configuration via the wireless communication module 51 or the embedded signaling module 50.

[0171] Fall protection system S’; S” comprising two fall protection coupling devices are advantageously designed to assess the overall safety condition of an operator who is alternately attached to one or the other fall protection coupling device. This configuration is commonly employed to ensure the mobility of the worker within a working environment situated at height.

[0172] The device according to the present invention provides a number of technical advantages.

[0173] It ensures extended operational autonomy, with a battery life capable of covering at least one full working year without the need for recharging.

[0174] It exhibits high compatibility with nearly all materials and geometries commonly employed in anchoring systems.

[0175] The device is designed to withstand harsh environmental conditions, offering ingress protection rated at IP67 / 68 and impact resistance in accordance with IK7 standards.

[0176] Its mechanical robustness makes it suitable for demanding industrial applications.

[0177] Furthermore, it can be manufactured efficiently using standard production processes, such as hot forging.

[0178] The use of an electromechanical detection system contributes to a significant reduction in false alarms.

[0179] GLIOOIBWOAdditionally, the device requires no activation or interaction by the operator, as it is devoid of power buttons or manual controls.

[0180] Obviously, a skilled person can make several changes and variants to the above described invention, in order to meet contingent and specific needs, all of them by the way contained in the scope of protection of the invention as defined by the following claims.

[0181] GLIOOIBWO

Claims

CLAIMS1. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) for personal protective equipment, comprising:- a snap hook (1) configured to enclose and retain an anchoring element (A);- at least one detection element (2), associated with the snap hook (1), arranged to interact with the anchoring element (A) when the latter is inserted within the snap hook (1);- at least one anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”), associated with said detection element (2), configured to change state upon interaction or cessation of the interaction between the detection element (2) and the anchoring element (A), thereby detecting an insertion condition of the anchoring element (A);- a diagnostic circuit (4) configured to receive a signal from said anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”) and to determine: an anchoring configuration, if the insertion condition is detected; or a non-anchoring configuration, if the insertion condition is not detected;- at least one signaling and / or communication module (50; 51) configured to notify a user of the configuration determined by said diagnostic circuit (4).

2. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to claim 1, wherein said anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”) is a passive component, in particular a monostatic binary switch.

3. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insertion condition is detected when a pressure exerted by the anchoring element (A) against the detection element (2) exceeds a threshold pressure.

4. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to claim 3,GLIOOIBWOwherein said snap hook (1) comprises:a hook body (10);a movable or deformable portion (20) of the detection element (2) overlapping a section of the hook body (10) and configured to move or deform from a rest configuration to a displaced or deformed configuration under the pressure exerted by the anchoring element (A);elastic return means (21) arranged to maintain said movable or deformable portion (20) in the rest configuration in the absence of the anchoring element (A);wherein said anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”) is associated with said movable or deformable portion (20) and is configured to detect the insertion condition when the movable or deformable portion (20) is in the displaced or deformed configuration.

5. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to claim 4, wherein said movable or deformable portion (20) of the detection element (2) is a movable portion (20) pivotally connected to the hook body (10), and wherein said anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”) is positioned on a rocking body (7) external to the hook body (10) and fixedly connected to the movable portion (20), said anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”) facing an outer surface of the hook body (10).

6. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said snap hook (1) further comprises a closure gate (11), the coupling device (D; D’; D”) further comprising a closure switch (6; 6’; 6”) configured to detect a closure condition of said closure gate (11).

7. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to claim 6, wherein said diagnostic circuit (4) is configured to receive a signal from said closure switch (6; 6’; 6”), wherein said diagnostic circuit (4) is configured to discriminate between a safety configuration, in which theGLIOOIBWOanchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”) detects the insertion condition and the closure switch (6; 6’; 6”) detects the closure condition, and non-safety configurations, in which the anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”) does not detect the insertion condition and / or the closure switch (6; 6’; 6”) does not detect the closure condition.

8. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein said closure switch (6; 6’; 6”) is a passive component, in particular a monostatic binary switch.

9. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to one of claims 6-8, wherein said closure switch (6; 6’; 6”) is interposed between a safety latch (12) of the closure gate (11) and a supporting surface.

10. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diagnostic circuit (4) and the at least one signaling and / or communication module (50, 51) are enclosed in a hermetically sealed casing (70) structurally or mechanically fixed to a movable portion (20) of said detection element (2) or to said snap hook (1)- 11. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”), the diagnostic circuit (4) , and the at least one signaling and / or communication module (50; 51) are configured to operate automatically upon insertion of the anchoring element (A), without the need for manual activation by the operator.

12. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one signaling and / or communication module (50; 51) comprises an embedded signaling module (50), comprising acoustic, visual, and / or haptic indicators.

13. Fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one signaling and / or communication module (50; 51) comprises a wireless communicationGLIOOIBWOmodule (51).

14. Fall protection system (S’; S”) comprising two fall protection coupling devices (Di, D2; DM, DS) according to claim 13, said fall protection system further comprising at least a control unit (U) configured to receive signals corresponding to the configurations determined by the diagnostic circuits (4) of both fall protection coupling devices (Di, D2; DM, DS), wherein said control unit (U) identifies a safety condition if and only if at least one of said configurations is an anchoring configuration.

15. Fall protection system (S’; S”) according to claim 14, wherein the control unit (U) is either: integrated into one of the fall protection coupling devices (DM; DS), specifically the master device (DM), which receives data from the slave device (Ds) via their respective wireless communication modules (51); or located in a remote device (W), which receives data from the wireless communication modules (51) of both fall protection coupling devices (Di, D2).

16. Method for detecting and communicating the configuration of a fall protection coupling device (D; D’; D”) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:- detecting, via said anchoring switch (3; 3’; 3”), an insertion condition of the anchoring element (A);- determining an anchoring or non-anchoring configuration via said diagnostic circuit (4);- signaling to an operator the configuration determined by said diagnostic circuit (4) via said at least one signaling and / or communication module (50; 51) through wireless communication and / or local signaling.GLIOOIBWO

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