Display for reducing unintended recognition of gradation level and electronic device including same

Abstract

This electronic device may include at least one processor, display driver integrated circuitry (IC), and a display panel including pixels. Each of the pixels may include a plurality of sub-pixels. Each of the plurality of sub-pixels may include a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. The display driver IC may be configured to: obtain an image to be displayed through the display panel; identify a gradation level of a portion of the image, which is to be displayed through one (a) sub-pixel among the plurality of sub-pixels; and control the display panel to emit light through the first light-emitting element by providing a first pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the sub-pixel to which a data voltage according to the gradation level has been applied, and control the display panel to emit light through the second light-emitting element by providing a second PWM signal to the sub-pixel to which the data voltage has been applied, in order to display the portion at the gradation level.

Description

Display for reducing the perception of unintended grayscale levels and electronic device including the same

[0001] The following descriptions relate to a display for reducing the perception of unintended grayscale levels and an electronic device including the same.

[0002] A display may be used to display an image. The display may include a display panel and a display driving circuit. For example, the display panel may include a plurality of pixels. For example, each of the plurality of pixels may include a plurality of sub-pixels.

[0003] The information described above may be provided as related art for the purpose of aiding understanding of the present disclosure. No claim or determination is made as to whether any of the foregoing may be applied as prior art related to the present disclosure.

[0004] An electronic device may include at least one processor including a processing circuit. The electronic device may include a display driver IC (integrated circuitry). The electronic device may include a display panel including pixels. Each of the pixels may include a plurality of subpixels. Each of the plurality of subpixels may include a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. The display driver IC may be configured to obtain an image to be displayed through the display panel from the at least one processor. The display driver IC may be configured to identify the grayscale level of a portion of the image to be displayed through one (a) of the plurality of subpixels of the display panel. The display driver IC may be configured to control the display panel to emit light through the first light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a first PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to the subpixel to which a data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied, in order to display the portion of the image at the grayscale level, and to control the display panel to emit light through the second light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a second PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied.

[0005] A method is provided by an electronic device comprising at least one processor including a processing circuit, a display driver IC (integrated circuitry), and a display panel including pixels. Each of the pixels may include a plurality of subpixels. Each of the plurality of subpixels may include a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. The method may include an operation in which the display driver IC acquires an image to be displayed through the display panel from the at least one processor. The method may include an operation in which the display driver IC identifies a grayscale level of a portion of the image to be displayed through one (a) of the plurality of subpixels of the display panel. The above method may include an operation in which the display driver IC controls the display panel to emit light through the first light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a first PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to the subpixel to which a data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied in order to display the above portion of the image at the above grayscale level, and an operation in which the display driver IC controls the display panel to emit light through the second light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a second PWM signal to the subpixel to which a data voltage according to the above grayscale level is applied.

[0006] FIG. 1a illustrates subpixels of a display panel and examples of driving subpixels.

[0007] FIGS. 1B and FIGS. 1C illustrate a dynamic false contour (DFC) that can be caused according to the driving example of FIG. 1A.

[0008] Figure 2 is a schematic view of an exemplary electronic device.

[0009] FIG. 3a illustrates an example of a display panel comprising a plurality of subpixels, each including a plurality of light-emitting elements.

[0010] FIG. 3b illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a single grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements.

[0011] FIG. 3c illustrates a DFC that is suppressed according to the driving example of FIG. 3b.

[0012] FIGS. 4a and FIGS. 4b illustrate examples of display panels comprising a plurality of subpixels, each including a plurality of light-emitting elements.

[0013] FIG. 5a illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements within a single frame.

[0014] FIG. 5b illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a single grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements within consecutive frames.

[0015] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements within a plurality of subframes of a single frame.

[0016] FIG. 7a illustrates an example of a display panel comprising a plurality of subpixels, each including a plurality of light-emitting elements electrically connected to a plurality of transistors.

[0017] FIG. 7b illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a single grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements electrically connected to a plurality of transistors.

[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a display panel configured to cause a diffusion effect for suppressing DFC.

[0019] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a display panel in which the common electrodes of light-emitting elements within a single subpixel are electrically connected.

[0020] FIG. 10a illustrates an example of a pixel comprising subpixels configured to emit light of the same color.

[0021] FIG. 10b illustrates an example of the light emission period driven by subpixels within the pixel of FIG. 10a.

[0022] FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to various embodiments.

[0023] FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a display module according to various embodiments.

[0024] FIG. 13a illustrates an example of a perspective view of a wearable device.

[0025] FIG. 13b illustrates an example of one or more pieces of hardware placed within a wearable device.

[0026] FIGS. 14a and FIGS. 14b illustrate an example of the appearance of a wearable device.

[0027] The terms used in this disclosure are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of other embodiments. A singular expression may include a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, may have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art described in this disclosure. Terms used in this disclosure that are defined in a general dictionary may be interpreted as having the same or similar meaning as they have in the context of the relevant technology, and are not to be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this disclosure. In some cases, even terms defined in this disclosure are not to be interpreted to exclude the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0028] In the present disclosure, expressions of "greater than" or "less than" may be used to determine whether a specific condition is satisfied or fulfilled; however, this is merely for the purpose of expressing an example and does not exclude descriptions of "greater than" or "less than." Conditions described as "greater than" may be replaced with "greater than," conditions described as "less than" may be replaced with "less than," and conditions described as "greater than and less than" may be replaced with "greater than and less than."

[0029] FIG. 1a illustrates subpixels of a display panel and examples of driving subpixels.

[0030] FIG. 1a illustrates subpixels (101, 102, 103) included in a display panel (100) of an electronic device and driving examples (140, 150) of the subpixels. For example, the electronic device may be implemented in various form factors. For example, the electronic device may include a wearable device (or a head-mounted display (HMD)) worn on a user's head. For example, the wearable device may include an augmented reality (AR) device or a virtual reality (VR) device. Alternatively, for example, the electronic device may include not only an electronic device including a bar-type display but also an electronic device including a display that is a flexible display. For example, the flexible display may include a rollable display, a foldable display, or a multi-foldable display.

[0031] For example, a display panel (100) can display an image. For example, the display panel (100) may include a plurality of pixels. For example, each of the plurality of pixels may include a plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103). For example, each of the plurality of pixels may include a first subpixel (101), a second subpixel (102), and a third subpixel (103). For example, the first subpixel (101) may be configured to emit light of a first color (e.g., red). For example, the second subpixel (102) may be configured to emit light of a second color (e.g., green). For example, the third subpixel (103) may be configured to emit light of a third color (e.g., blue). As a non-limiting example, the sizes of the first subpixel (101), the second subpixel (102), and the third subpixel (103) may differ from one another. For example, the size of the first subpixel (101) configured to emit light of the first color may be larger than the size of the second subpixel (102) configured to emit light of the second color, and the size of the third subpixel (103) configured to emit light of the third color. For example, the size of the second subpixel (102) configured to emit light of the second color may be larger than the size of the third subpixel (103) configured to emit light of the third color. The sizes of the subpixels described above are merely exemplary for convenience of explanation and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0032] In FIG. 1a, a plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103) included in one of the plurality of pixels of a display panel (100) are shown, but each of the plurality of pixels may include the plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103) of FIG. 1a.

[0033] For example, the display panel (100) may include a scan line (Scan) (105) connected (or electrically connected) to a plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103), a plurality of data lines (Data R, Data G, Data B) (107-1, 107-2, 107-3), and an emission line (emission pulse, EM Pulse) (109). For example, the scan line (105) may be used to provide a scan signal for driving a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of each of the plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103). For example, each of the plurality of data lines (107-1, 107-2, 107-3) may be used to provide a data voltage to be applied to a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of each of the plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103). For example, the data voltage may be applied (or provided) to a light-emitting element through a transistor. For example, the light-emitting line (109) may be used to provide a signal to the light-emitting element to control the time (or duration) during which the light-emitting element emits light. For example, the signal may be referred to as an EM (emission) signal, a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal, a PWM waveform, a light-emitting signal, a light-emitting pulse, a light-emitting control pulse, a pulse signal, or an EM pulse.

[0034] For example, the first subpixel (101) may include a light-emitting element (110) and a transistor (111) configured to emit light of the first color. For example, the transistor (111) may be a transistor for driving the light-emitting element (110) (or the first subpixel (101)). For example, the transistor (111) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the transistor (111) may include a gate electrode (112) electrically connected to a scan line (105). For example, the transistor (111) may include an electrode (113) electrically connected to a data line (107-1). For example, the transistor (111) may include an electrode (114) electrically connected to the light-emitting element (110). For example, the light-emitting element (110) may be electrically connected to a light-emitting line (109).

[0035] For example, the second subpixel (102) may include a light-emitting element (120) and a transistor (121) configured to emit light of the second color. For example, the transistor (121) may be a transistor for driving the light-emitting element (120) (or the second subpixel (102)). For example, the transistor (121) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the transistor (121) may include a gate electrode (122) electrically connected to a scan line (105). For example, the transistor (121) may include an electrode (123) electrically connected to a data line (107-2). For example, the transistor (121) may include an electrode (124) electrically connected to the light-emitting element (120). For example, the light-emitting element (120) may be electrically connected to a light-emitting line (109).

[0036] For example, the third subpixel (103) may include a light-emitting element (130) and a transistor (131) configured to emit light of the third color. For example, the transistor (131) may be a transistor for driving the light-emitting element (130) (or the third subpixel (103)). For example, the transistor (131) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the transistor (131) may include a gate electrode (132) electrically connected to a scan line (105). For example, the transistor (131) may include an electrode (133) electrically connected to a data line (107-3). For example, the transistor (131) may include an electrode (134) electrically connected to the light-emitting element (130). For example, the light-emitting element (130) may be electrically connected to a light-emitting line (109).

[0037] As described above, each of the plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103) of the display panel (100) may include a light-emitting element (e.g., a light-emitting element (110), a light-emitting element (120), and a light-emitting element (130)) that emits light. For example, the light-emitting element may be referred to as an emitter. As an example, but not limited to, the light-emitting element may include a micro LED (light-emitting diode). In one example, when the plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103) including micro LEDs are disposed on a silicon substrate of the display panel (100), the display panel (100) may be referred to as an LEDoS (LED on silicon) display.

[0038] When a relatively low current is provided (or applied) to a micro LED, the luminous efficiency may be reduced. Accordingly, the electronic device including a display panel (100) including a micro LED may perform driving based on a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique (or PWM driving) instead of performing driving based on a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) technique (or PAM driving). For example, the PWM driving may use a fixed level of current (or voltage) to control the time during which a light-emitting element (e.g., micro LED) emits light in order to control the grayscale level of an image to be displayed. For example, the PWM driving may express a higher grayscale level as the time during which the light-emitting element emits light increases. For example, a high grayscale level may indicate a bright color (or a color with high luminance). In other words, the PWM driving may control the luminance of an image to be displayed by controlling the time during which the light-emitting element emits light.

[0039] Specific details regarding the above PWM driving are explained with reference to driving examples (140, 150). Hereinafter, the description is based on the light-emitting element (110) of the first subpixel (101) of the display panel (100), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the driving examples (140, 150) can be applied substantially identically to each of the plurality of pixels (or the plurality of subpixels) of the display panel (100).

[0040] Referring to the driving example (140), the electronic device may provide (or transmit) a PWM signal to the first subpixel (101) (or light-emitting element (110)) for PWM driving of the light-emitting element (110) of the first subpixel (101). For example, the electronic device may provide (or transmit) the PWM signal to the first subpixel (101) (or light-emitting element (110)) through the light-emitting line (109). For example, the electronic device may control the display panel (100) so that the first subpixel (101) (or light-emitting element (110)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the PWM signal. Although not shown in FIG. 1a, the electronic device may provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the transistor (111) (or gate electrode (112)) of the first subpixel (101) through the scan line (105). Additionally, the electronic device may provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the transistor (111) (or electrode (113)) of the first subpixel (101) through the data line (107-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (101) (or light-emitting element (110)) to which the data voltage is applied through the transistor (111) driven according to the scan signal may emit light according to the provided PWM signal.

[0041] For example, the PWM signal may include a bit sequence defined by a set of subfields. For example, the bit sequence may include 8 bits (e.g., '00000000' to '11111111'). In the driving example (140), the subfields in the set may include a subfield (141) indicating one light emission period, a subfield (142) indicating two light emission periods, a subfield (143) indicating four light emission periods, a subfield (144) indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield (145) indicating sixteen light emission periods, a subfield (146) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (147) indicating sixty-four light emission periods, and a subfield (148) indicating twelve-eight light emission periods.

[0042] In the above example, the length of one (a) light emission period indicated by the subfield (or the length of the light emission period indicated by the subfield (141)) may correspond to the length of the frame (149) divided by the number (or maximum number) of grayscale levels that can be expressed by the display panel (100). For example, the grayscale levels may be referred to as grayscale levels for representing an image of the display panel (100). As a non-limiting example, the number (or maximum number) of the grayscale levels may be 256. In other words, the length of one light emission period may be the length of the frame (149) divided by 256.

[0043] In the example of the 8-bit bit sequence above, the most significant bit (MSB) may be defined by a subfield (141) indicating one light-emitting period. For example, if the most significant bit is 0, the light-emitting element (110) may refrain from (or stop, bypass, or not emit) light for the length of one light-emitting period indicated by the subfield (141). Conversely, if the most significant bit is 1, the light-emitting element (110) may emit light for the length of one light-emitting period indicated by the subfield (141). For example, the second bit immediately following the most significant bit may be defined by a subfield (142) indicating two light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the third bit immediately following the second bit may be defined by a subfield (143) indicating four light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the 4th bit immediately following the 3rd bit may be defined by a subfield (144) indicating 8 light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the 5th bit immediately following the 4th bit may be defined by a subfield (145) indicating 16 light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the 6th bit immediately following the 5th bit may be defined by a subfield (146) indicating 32 light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the 7th bit immediately following the 6th bit may be defined by a subfield (147) indicating 64 light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the least significant bit (LSB) immediately following the 7th bit may be defined by a subfield (148) indicating 128 light-emitting periods. Referring to the above, the order of bits within the bit sequence of the PWM signal can indicate the order of subfields within the set.In the driving example (140), the length of the light emission period indicated by the subfields within the set is shown to gradually increase, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the length of the light emission period indicated by the subfields may be changed. Or, for example, the order of the lengths of the light emission periods indicated by the subfields may be changed.

[0044] In the driving example (140), when all bits in the bit sequence of the PWM signal are 0 (i.e., '00000000'), the light-emitting element (110) may refrain from emitting light within the frame (149). Accordingly, since light is not emitted by the light-emitting element (110), the portion of the image displayed on the light-emitting element (110) of the display panel (100) may be black (or a color of the lowest gradation level (e.g., 0)). Alternatively, in the driving example (140), when all bits in the bit sequence of the PWM signal are 1 (i.e., '11111111'), the light-emitting element (110) may emit light within the frame (149). Accordingly, since light is emitted by the light-emitting element (110), the portion of the image displayed on the light-emitting element (110) of the display panel (100) may be red (or, the color of the highest grayscale level (e.g., 255)). Alternatively, in the driving example (140), if some of the bits in the bit sequence of the PWM signal are 1 and the rest are 0 (e.g., '00001111'), the light-emitting element (110) may emit light during a portion of the time interval of the frame (149). For example, the length of the portion of the time interval may be 240 (= 16+32+64+128) / 256 with respect to the length of the frame (149). Accordingly, since light is partially emitted by the light-emitting element (110), the portion of the image displayed on the light-emitting element (110) of the display panel (100) may be red (or, a color of a lower grayscale level (e.g., 239) than the highest grayscale level (e.g., 255).

[0045] As described above, when performing PWM driving based on a PWM signal, a dynamic false contour (DFC) may occur in the display panel (100). For example, the DFC may manifest as a phenomenon in which, when an image displayed on the display panel (100) is perceived by the user's eye, unintended grayscale levels are perceived as being displayed according to the movement of the eye (or the movement of the image). As a non-limiting example, the DFC may be perceived relatively more frequently when a scroll is input according to the input regarding the display panel (100). To reduce the DFC, the electronic device may adjust (or change) the configuration of the set of subfields defining the bit sequence of the PWM signal. Specific details regarding this are explained with reference to the driving example (150).

[0046] Referring to the driving example (150), the electronic device may provide (or transmit) a PWM signal to the first subpixel (101) (or light-emitting element (110)) for PWM driving of the light-emitting element (110) of the first subpixel (101). For example, the PWM signal may include a bit sequence defined by a set of subfields. For example, the bit sequence may include 11 bits (e.g., '00000000000' to '11111111111'). In the driving example (150), the subfields within the set may include a subfield (151) indicating one light-emitting period, a subfield (152) indicating two light-emitting periods, a subfield (153) indicating four light-emitting periods, a subfield (158-1) indicating sixty-four light-emitting periods, a subfield (154) indicating eight light-emitting periods, a subfield (155) indicating sixteen light-emitting periods, a subfield (156) indicating thirty-two light-emitting periods, a subfield (158-2) indicating thirty-two light-emitting periods, a subfield (157-1) indicating thirty-two light-emitting periods, a subfield (158-3) indicating thirty-two light-emitting periods, and a subfield (157-2) indicating thirty-two light-emitting periods.

[0047] In the example of the above 11-bit bit sequence, the most significant bit (MSB) may be defined by a subfield (151) indicating one light-emitting period. For example, if the most significant bit is 0, the light-emitting element (110) may refrain from (or stop, bypass, or not emit) light for the length of one light-emitting period indicated by the subfield (141). Conversely, if the most significant bit is 1, the light-emitting element (110) may emit light for the length of one light-emitting period indicated by the subfield (151). For example, the second bit immediately following the most significant bit may be defined by a subfield (152) indicating two light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the third bit immediately following the second bit may be defined by a subfield (153) indicating four light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the 4th bit immediately following the 3rd bit may be defined by a subfield (158-1) indicating 64 light-emitting periods. By example, without limitation, the 64 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (158-1) of the driving example (150) may be some of the 128 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (148) of the driving example (140). Additionally, for example, the 5th bit immediately following the 4th bit may be defined by a subfield (154) indicating 8 light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the 6th bit immediately following the 5th bit may be defined by a subfield (155) indicating 16 light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the 7th bit immediately following the 6th bit may be defined by a subfield (156) indicating 32 light-emitting periods. Additionally, for example, the 8th bit immediately following the 7th bit can be defined by a subfield (158-2) indicating 32 light emission periods.As a non-limiting example, the 32 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (158-2) of the driving example (150) may be part of the 128 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (148) of the driving example (140). Additionally, for example, the 9th bit immediately following the 8th bit may be defined by the subfield (157-1) indicating the 32 light-emitting periods. As a non-limiting example, the 32 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (157-1) of the driving example (150) may be part of the 64 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (147) of the driving example (140). Additionally, for example, the 10th bit immediately following the 9th bit may be defined by the subfield (158-3) indicating the 32 light-emitting periods. As a non-limiting example, the 32 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (158-3) of the driving example (150) may be part of the 128 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (148) of the driving example (140). Additionally, for example, the least significant bit (LSB) immediately following the 10th bit may be defined by the subfield (157-2) indicating the 32 light-emitting periods. As a non-limiting example, the 32 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (157-2) of the driving example (150) may be part of the 64 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (147) of the driving example (140). Referring to the foregoing, the order of the bits within the bit sequence of the PWM signal may indicate the order of the subfields within the set.

[0048] Referring to driving example (140) and driving example (150), the electronic device can perform PWM driving of one light-emitting element (e.g., light-emitting element (110), light-emitting element (120), or light-emitting element (130)) of each of a plurality of subpixels (101, 102, 103) of a display panel (100). As in driving example (150) compared to driving example (140), a PWM signal in which a pulse having a relatively long light-emitting period (e.g., a part (or bit) of a PWM signal defined by a subfield (148) indicating 128 light-emitting periods) is divided into pulses having a relatively short light-emitting period can be used for PWM driving of the light-emitting element. Accordingly, as the difference between pulses within a single PWM signal becomes relatively small, the DFC may be relatively less recognized. However, in order to drive as in the driving example (150), a problem of increased resources may exist because a bit sequence having a relatively larger number of bits is required to express the same grayscale level. In addition, since pulses within a single PWM signal cannot be displayed simultaneously, even if driven as in the driving example (150), a DFC may occur.

[0049] Examples of DFCs that may occur in a display panel (100) are described below with reference to FIGS. 1b and FIGS. 1c.

[0050] FIGS. 1B and FIGS. 1C illustrate a dynamic false contour (DFC) that can be caused according to the driving example of FIG. 1A.

[0051] FIG. 1b illustrates states (160, 165) of a DFC that occur between two adjacent pixels of a display panel (100). In each of the states (160, 165), the horizontal direction may indicate the direction of movement of a user's eye looking at the display panel (100), and the vertical direction may indicate the direction in which light is integrated from the eye.

[0052] Referring to state (160), the first pixel among the two pixels can emit light for 128 light-emitting periods. Additionally, the second pixel among the two pixels adjacent to the first pixel can emit light for 1 light-emitting period, 2 light-emitting periods, 4 light-emitting periods, 8 light-emitting periods, 16 light-emitting periods, 32 light-emitting periods, and 64 light-emitting periods.

[0053] In state (160), lines (161), (162), and (163) may represent a grayscale level recognized by the eyes of a user looking at the display panel (100). For example, in the order of lines (161), (162), and (163), the user's eyes may recognize a grayscale level caused by light emitted from the display panel (100). Referring to line (161), a first grayscale level (e.g., 128) may be recognized by the user's eyes as the first pixel emits light for 128 light-emitting periods. Referring to line (162), a second grayscale level (e.g., 255) may be recognized by the user's eyes as the first pixel emits light for 128 light-emitting periods and the second pixel emits light for 127 (=1+2+4+8+16+32+64) light-emitting periods. Referring to line (163), as the second pixel emits light for 127 (=1+2+4+8+16+32+64) periods of light emission, a third grayscale level (e.g., 127) can be perceived by the user's eye.

[0054] Referring to the state (160), the first grayscale level and the third grayscale level may be intended grayscale levels by light emitted from each of the first pixel and the second pixel of the display panel (100). However, depending on the movement of the user's eye, the second grayscale level may be perceived by the user's eye between the first grayscale level and the third grayscale level. The second grayscale level may be an unintended grayscale level.

[0055] Additionally, referring to state (165), the first pixel among the two pixels can emit light at times of 1 light emission period, 2 light emission periods, 4 light emission periods, 8 light emission periods, 16 light emission periods, 32 light emission periods, and 64 light emission periods. Additionally, the second pixel among the two pixels adjacent to the first pixel can emit light at times of 128 light emission periods.

[0056] In state (165), lines (166), (167), and (168) may represent a grayscale level recognized by the user's eye looking at the display panel (100). For example, in the order of lines (166), (167), and (168), the user's eye may recognize a grayscale level caused by light emitted from the display panel (100). Referring to line (166), a third grayscale level (e.g., 127) may be recognized by the user's eye as the first pixel emits light for 127 (=1+2+4+8+16+32+64) periods of light emission. Referring to line (167), a fourth grayscale level (e.g., 0) may be recognized by the user's eye because the light emitted by the first pixel and the second pixel is not recognized as the user's eye moves. Referring to line (168), as the second pixel emits light during 128 light-emitting periods, a first grayscale level (e.g., 128) can be perceived by the user's eye.

[0057] Referring to the state (160), the first grayscale level and the third grayscale level may be intended grayscale levels by light emitted from each of the first pixel and the second pixel of the display panel (100). However, depending on the movement of the user's eye, the fourth grayscale level may be perceived by the user's eye between the first grayscale level and the third grayscale level. The fourth grayscale level may be an unintended grayscale level.

[0058] As described in FIG. 1b, even if the electronic device expresses an intended grayscale level through the display panel (100) according to PWM driving, an unintended grayscale level may be perceived by the eyes of a user looking at the display panel (100). The occurrence of an unintended grayscale level may be referred to as a DFC. An example of the DFC illustrated in FIG. 1b is explained with reference to FIG. 1c.

[0059] Referring to FIG. 1c, images (170, 175) displayed through a display panel (100) are shown. Image (170) may be an image having an intended grayscale level through the display panel (100). Image (175) may be an image having an unintended grayscale level perceived by the user's eye along with an intended grayscale level through the display panel (100).

[0060] Referring to images (170) and (175), it may be because DFC is caused in a portion (176) of image (175). For example, in the portion (176), unintended gradation levels may be perceived along with intended gradation levels. In other words, the portion (176) of image (175) may contain more unintended gradation levels compared to the portion (171) of image (170). A user viewing the display panel (100) may perceive unintended gradation levels in image (175) (or portion (176)). Accordingly, the portion (171) of image (170) may have relatively high image quality. In contrast, the portion (176) of image (175) may have relatively low image quality.

[0061] In order to improve (or reduce) the DFC described in FIGS. 1a to 1c, the electronic device may reduce the time during which each light-emitting element (e.g., light-emitting element (110), light-emitting element (120), or light-emitting element (130)) of each subpixel (e.g., first subpixel (101), second subpixel (102), third subpixel (103)) of the display panel (100) emits light. In FIG. 1a, the length of time during which the light-emitting element can emit light is defined in one frame (e.g., frame (149)), but the electronic device may define the length of time during which the light-emitting element can emit light in a section shorter than one frame. That is, the duty (or duty ratio) of the time during which light is emitted may be reduced. Since the length of time during which the user's eye can perceive a grayscale level is shortened, the probability of perceiving an unintended grayscale level may be reduced. Accordingly, the DFC may be improved.

[0062] Alternatively, to improve (or reduce) the DFC, the electronic device may increase the number of subfields defining (or configuring) the PWM signal. For example, the electronic device may increase the number of subfields included in one set defining the PWM signal from 8 to an integer greater than 8 (e.g., 11). This can be understood as substantially the same as the change from the driving example (140) of FIG. 1a to the driving example (150).

[0063] Alternatively, to improve (or reduce) the DFC, the electronic device may adjust the order of the subfields that define (or configure) the PWM signal. For example, the electronic device may adjust the order of the subfields included in a set that defines the PWM signal so that the DFC is not perceived by the user's eyes. Adjusting the order may be referred to as a time-division technique.

[0064] The present disclosure can emit light through a structure comprising a plurality of light-emitting elements within a single subpixel in order to improve the DFC more effectively than the methods for improving the DFC described above. For example, the present disclosure may include two or more light-emitting elements within a single subpixel. For example, the present disclosure may display (or express) a single grayscale level for expressing a portion of an image corresponding to said subpixel by using a plurality of light-emitting elements within a single subpixel. For example, the present disclosure may emit a plurality of light-emitting elements within a single subpixel substantially simultaneously within a time interval within a single frame. Accordingly, the present disclosure may display an intended grayscale level by emitting a plurality of light-emitting elements within a time interval shorter than the length of a single frame. At this time, as a plurality of light-emitting elements are emitted within said time interval, an unintended grayscale level may not be perceived by the user's eye. In other words, the present disclosure can reduce the perception of an unintended grayscale level.

[0065] Figure 2 is a schematic view of an exemplary electronic device.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 2, the electronic device (200) may include at least one processor (210) including a processing circuit, a display driver circuitry (220) (or a display driver integrated circuitry (220)), and a display panel (230). The electronic device (200) may include at least a part of the electronic device (1101) of FIG. 11 or correspond to at least a part of the electronic device (1101) of FIG. 11.

[0067] For example, the electronic device (200) may be implemented in various form factors. For example, the electronic device (200) may include a wearable device (or a head-mounted display (HMD)) worn on the head of a user. For example, the wearable device may include an augmented reality (AR) device or a virtual reality (VR) device. For example, an example of the electronic device (200) being a wearable device may be referenced to the wearable device (203) of FIGS. 13a to 14b. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the electronic device (200) may include not only an electronic device including a bar-type display, but also an electronic device including a display that is a flexible display. For example, the flexible display may include a rollable display, a foldable display, or a multi-foldable display.

[0068] At least one processor (210) may include at least a part of the processor (1120) of FIG. 11 or correspond to at least a part of the processor (1120) of FIG. 11. At least one processor (210) may include a CPU (central processing unit) (e.g., including a processing circuit) and a DPU (display processing unit) (e.g., including a processing circuit). As an example without limitation, at least one processor (210) may further include a GPU (graphic processing unit) (e.g., including a processing circuit). At least one processor (210) may be configured to execute instructions stored in memory (not shown) of the electronic device (200).

[0069] For example, at least one processor (210) may include various processing circuits and / or multiple processors. For example, the term “processor” as used herein, including in the claims, may include various processing circuits including at least one processor, and one or more of said at least one processor may be configured to perform the various functions described below in a distributed manner, individually and / or collectively. As used below, where “processor,” “at least one processor,” and “one or more processors” are described as being configured to perform various functions, these terms encompass, for example, but not limited to, situations where one processor performs some of the cited functions and other processor(s) perform other parts of the cited functions, and also situations where one processor can perform all of the cited functions. Additionally, said at least one processor may include a combination of processors that perform the enumerated / disclosed various functions, for example, in a distributed manner. At least one processor may execute program instructions to achieve or perform the various functions.

[0070] Although not illustrated in FIG. 2, the electronic device (200) may include one or more storage media (or storage media) and the memory that stores instructions. For example, the one or more storage media may include a hard drive, flash memory, permanent memory such as ROM (read-only memory), semi-permanent memory such as RAM (random access memory), any other suitable type of storage assembly, or any combination thereof. The memory may include a cache memory, which is one or more different types of memory used to temporarily store data for a function or feature of the electronic device (200). The memory may be fixedly embedded in the electronic device (200) or incorporated into one or more suitable types of components (e.g., a SIM (subscriber identity module) card and / or an SD (secure digital) memory card) that can be repeatedly inserted into and removed from the electronic device (200). For example, the memory may include at least a portion of the memory (1130) of FIG. 11 or correspond to at least a portion of the memory (1130) of FIG. 11.

[0071] The memory may store one or more software applications, such as an operating system software application, a firmware software application, a media playback software application, a media editing software application, a software application for communication with other users, a translation software application, a digital assistant software application, and / or any other suitable software applications. For example, the one or more software applications may include instructions executable by at least a part of at least one processor (210).

[0072] The electronic device (200) of FIG. 2 is illustrated as comprising a display driving circuit (220) and a display panel (230) implemented as separate components, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the electronic device (200) may include a display which is a component in which the display driving circuit (220) and the display panel (230) are integrated. In other words, the display may include a display driving circuit (220) and a display panel (230). For example, the display may include at least a part of the display module (1160) of FIG. 11 or correspond to at least a part of the display module (1160) of FIG. 11.

[0073] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may include a first set of circuits for processing the image obtained from at least one processor (210). For example, the first set may be connected to at least one processor (210) and at least one of the display panel (230). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may include a second set of circuits for obtaining the processed image from the first set and providing signals to the display panel (230) for displaying the obtained image. For example, the signals for displaying the obtained image may be provided for each of the pixels included in the display panel (230). For example, the signals may include pixel data (or data voltage) applied to each of the pixels and a scan signal provided to each of the pixels.

[0074] For example, the first set may include an interface controller connected to at least one processor (210) through the interface. For example, the interface controller may be used to provide the image obtained from at least one processor (210) to an image processing circuit or a graphic random access memory (GRAM) and to provide a command obtained from at least one processor (210) to a command controller. For example, the interface controller may be included in the interface module (1231) of FIG. 12.

[0075] For example, the first set may include the image processing circuit. For example, the image processing circuit may process the image to adjust the resolution, brightness, and / or size of the image from at least one processor (210). For example, the processed image may be provided to the second set. For example, the image processing circuit may be included in the image processing module (1235) of FIG. 12.

[0076] For example, the first set may further include the GRAM and the GRAM controller. For example, the GRAM may be used to store or record the image obtained from at least one processor (210). For example, the GRAM controller may be used to control the GRAM. The GRAM and the GRAM controller may be included in the memory (1233) of FIG. 12.

[0077] In the above example, the display driving circuit (220) is described as including the first set of circuits for processing the image, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may not include the first set of circuits. For example, at least one processor (210) may perform processing on the image and then transmit it to the display driving circuit (220). Accordingly, the display driving circuit (220) may provide the processed image to the display panel (230) and not perform further processing.

[0078] For example, the second set may include a timing controller. For example, the timing controller may be used to provide a synchronization signal (or timing signal) to the GRAM controller, source driver circuit, gate driver circuit, and / or light-emitting driver circuit. For example, the synchronization signal may include a vertical synchronization signal (Vsync) (or frame) and a horizontal synchronization signal (Hsync). For example, the synchronization signal may be generated by the timing controller or by a synchronization signal generation circuit located outside the display driving circuit (220). For example, the timing controller may be used to provide signals for controlling the source driver circuit, the gate driver circuit, and / or the light-emitting driver. For example, at least some of the second set may be included in the mapping module (1237) of FIG. 12.

[0079] For example, the second set may include the source driver circuit. For example, the source driver circuit may be used to provide the pixel data to be applied to each pixel electrode of the pixels.

[0080] For example, the second set may include the gate driver circuit. For example, the gate driver circuit may be used to provide a gate voltage applied to the gate electrode of each of the subpixels (or the transistor of each of the subpixels) to the display panel (230). The gate voltage may include a voltage for driving (e.g., on / off) the transistor included in the subpixel. For example, the gate voltage may be referenced as a scan signal.

[0081] For example, the second set may include a light-emitting driver circuit. For example, the light-emitting driver circuit may be used to provide a light-emitting signal to each of the subpixels (or to the light-emitting elements of each of the subpixels). For example, the light-emitting signal may be provided to the subpixels (or light-emitting elements) to emit light with respect to the pixels to be used for displaying an image, according to the pixel data and the scan signal. For example, the light-emitting signal may indicate a timing for emitting light in synchronization for displaying the image. For example, the timing may be defined based on the order defined by the subfield and the number of light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield. For example, the grayscale level expressed by each of the subpixels may be changed according to the length of the light-emitting period indicated by the light-emitting signal.

[0082] For example, a display panel (230) may include a plurality of pixels. For example, each of the pixels may include a plurality of subpixels. For example, each of the plurality of subpixels of the pixels may include a subpixel configured to emit light of a first color (e.g., red color), a subpixel configured to emit light of a second color (e.g., green color), and a subpixel configured to emit light of a third color (e.g., blue color). For example, each of the plurality of subpixels may include a plurality of light-emitting elements. An example of a display panel (230) including a plurality of subpixels each including a plurality of light-emitting elements is described below with reference to FIGS. 3a, 4a, 4b, and 7a. Alternatively, for example, some of the multiple subpixels included within a single pixel (e.g., a subpixel configured to emit light of the first color) may include multiple light-emitting elements, and the remaining subpixels (e.g., a subpixel configured to emit light of the second color and a subpixel configured to emit light of the third color) may include a single light-emitting element. An example of a display panel (230) in which some subpixels include multiple light-emitting elements is described below with reference to FIG. 10a.

[0083] FIG. 3a illustrates an example of a display panel comprising a plurality of subpixels, each including a plurality of light-emitting elements.

[0084] FIG. 3a illustrates a plurality of subpixels (301, 302, 303) of one pixel among a plurality of pixels included in a display panel (230) of an electronic device (200). In FIG. 3a, a plurality of subpixels (301, 302, 303) included in one pixel among the plurality of pixels of the display panel (230) are illustrated, but each of the plurality of pixels may include the plurality of subpixels (301, 302, 303) of FIG. 3a.

[0085] For example, the display panel (230) may include a plurality of scan lines (Scan 1, Scan 2) (305-1, 305-2) connected (or electrically connected) to a plurality of subpixels (301, 302, 303), a plurality of data lines (Data R, Data G, Data B) (307-1, 307-2, 307-3), and a plurality of light-emitting lines (EM pulse 1, EM pulse 2) (309-1, 309-2). For example, each of the plurality of scan lines (305-1, 305-2) may be used to provide a scan signal for driving a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, each of the plurality of data lines (307-1, 307-2, 307-3) may be used to provide a data voltage to be applied to a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, the data voltage may be applied (or provided) to a light-emitting element through a transistor. For example, each of the plurality of light-emitting lines (309-1, 309-2) may be used to provide a PWM signal to the light-emitting element to control the time (or light-emitting period) during which the light-emitting element within the subpixel emits light.

[0086] For example, the first subpixel (301) may include a first light-emitting element (310-1) configured to emit light of the first color and a second light-emitting element (310-2) configured to emit light of the first color. For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may be referred to as a primary light-emitting element. By example, without limitation, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may be configured to emit a pulse having a relatively short length of light-emitting period (e.g., a part (or bit) of a PWM signal defined by a subfield (141) indicating one light-emitting period to a subfield (147) indicating 64 light-emitting periods). For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may be referred to as a redundancy light-emitting element. As a non-limiting example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may be configured to emit a pulse having a relatively long light-emitting period (e.g., a part (or bit) of a PWM signal defined by a subfield (148) indicating 128 light-emitting periods). For example, the first subpixel (301) may include a first transistor (311-1) and a second transistor (311-2).

[0087] For example, the first transistor (311-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (310-1). For example, the first transistor (311-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (311-1) may include a first gate electrode (312-1) electrically connected to a first scan line (Scan 1) (305-1). For example, the first transistor (311-1) may include a first electrode (313-1) electrically connected to a first data line (Data R) (307-1). For example, the first transistor (311-1) may include a second electrode (314-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (310-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may be electrically connected to a first light-emitting line (EM pulse 1) (309-1).

[0088] For example, the second transistor (311-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (310-2). For example, the second transistor (311-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (311-2) may include a second gate electrode (312-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (Scan 2) (305-2). For example, the second transistor (311-2) may include a third electrode (313-2) electrically connected to the first data line (307-1). For example, the second transistor (311-2) may include a fourth electrode (314-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (310-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (EM pulse 2) (309-2).

[0089] For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301) may be placed on the first transistor (311-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) may be placed on the second transistor (311-2). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301). In the example of FIG. 3a, the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) may each be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may be placed extending horizontally with respect to the first data line (307-1) on the first transistor (311-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may be arranged to extend horizontally along the first data line (307-1) on the second transistor (311-2).

[0090] For example, the second subpixel (302) may include a first light-emitting element (320-1) configured to emit light of the second color and a second light-emitting element (320-2) configured to emit light of the second color. For example, the second subpixel (302) may include a first transistor (321-1) and a second transistor (321-2).

[0091] For example, the first transistor (321-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (320-1). For example, the first transistor (321-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (321-1) may include a first gate electrode (322-1) electrically connected to the first scan line (305-1). For example, the first transistor (321-1) may include a first electrode (323-1) electrically connected to the second data line (Data G) (307-2). For example, the first transistor (321-1) may include a second electrode (324-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (320-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (320-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (309-1).

[0092] For example, the second transistor (321-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (320-2). For example, the second transistor (321-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (321-2) may include a second gate electrode (322-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (305-2). For example, the second transistor (321-2) may include a third electrode (323-2) electrically connected to the second data line (307-2). For example, the second transistor (321-2) may include a fourth electrode (324-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (320-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (320-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (309-2).

[0093] For example, the first light-emitting element (320-1) of the second subpixel (302) may be placed on the first transistor (321-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (320-2) of the second subpixel (302) may be placed on the second transistor (321-2). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (320-1) of the second subpixel (302) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (320-2) of the second subpixel (302). In the example of FIG. 3a, the first light-emitting element (320-1) and the second light-emitting element (320-2) may each be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (320-1) may be placed extending horizontally with respect to the second data line (307-2) on the first transistor (321-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (320-2) may be arranged to extend horizontally along the second data line (307-2) on the second transistor (321-2).

[0094] For example, the third subpixel (303) may include a first light-emitting element (330-1) configured to emit light of the third color and a second light-emitting element (330-2) configured to emit light of the third color. For example, the third subpixel (303) may include a first transistor (331-1) and a second transistor (331-2).

[0095] For example, the first transistor (331-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (330-1). For example, the first transistor (331-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (331-1) may include a first gate electrode (332-1) electrically connected to the first scan line (305-1). For example, the first transistor (331-1) may include a first electrode (333-1) electrically connected to the third data line (Data B) (307-3). For example, the first transistor (331-1) may include a second electrode (334-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (330-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (330-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (309-1).

[0096] For example, the second transistor (331-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (330-2). For example, the second transistor (331-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (331-2) may include a second gate electrode (332-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (305-2). For example, the second transistor (331-2) may include a third electrode (333-2) electrically connected to the third data line (307-3). For example, the second transistor (331-2) may include a fourth electrode (334-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (330-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (330-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (309-2).

[0097] For example, the first light-emitting element (330-1) of the third subpixel (303) may be placed on the first transistor (331-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (330-2) of the third subpixel (303) may be placed on the second transistor (331-2). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (330-1) of the third subpixel (303) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (330-2) of the third subpixel (303). In the example of FIG. 3a, the first light-emitting element (330-1) and the second light-emitting element (330-2) may each be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (330-1) may be placed extending horizontally with respect to the third data line (307-3) on the first transistor (331-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (330-2) may be arranged to extend horizontally along the third data line (307-3) on the second transistor (331-2).

[0098] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may acquire (or receive) an image from at least one processor (210). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may acquire the image to be displayed through the display panel (230) from at least one processor (210). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use the acquired image to identify image data to be displayed at each of the plurality of pixels of the display panel (230). By example, without limitation, the image data may include a grayscale level of the first color, a grayscale level of the second color, and a grayscale level of the third color. For example, the image data may be defined as (R, G, B). For example, R may represent the grayscale level of the first color to be displayed through a first subpixel (301) configured to emit light of the first color within a single pixel. For example, the value of R may be from 0 to 255. For example, G may represent a grayscale level of the second color to be displayed through a second subpixel (302) configured to emit light of the second color within a single pixel. For example, the value of G may be from 0 to 255. For example, B may represent a grayscale level of the third color to be displayed through a third subpixel (303) configured to emit light of the third color within a single pixel. For example, the value of B may be from 0 to 255. In other words, the display driving circuit (220) may identify a grayscale level of a portion of the image to be displayed through a single subpixel. At this time, the portion of the image may represent an area of ​​the image corresponding to the single subpixel.

[0099] In the above example, the display driving circuit (220) is described as acquiring the image from at least one processor (210) and identifying image data based on the acquired image, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may acquire image data of an image to be displayed through a display panel (230) from at least one processor (210).

[0100] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may emit light through light-emitting elements to display the identified grayscale level. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that both the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) emit light of the first color to display the identified grayscale level of the first color. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide a scan signal to the first gate electrode (312-1) of the first transistor (311-1) through the first scan line (305-1), and provide (or apply) a data voltage to the first electrode (313-1) of the first transistor (311-1) through the first data line (307-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) can control the first light-emitting element (310-1) to emit light of the first color by providing a first PWM signal to the first light-emitting element (310-1) which is electrically connected to the first transistor (311-1) to which the data voltage is applied. Additionally, for example, the display driving circuit (220) can provide a scan signal to the second gate electrode (312-2) of the second transistor (311-2) through the second scan line (305-2), and provide (or apply) the data voltage to the third electrode (313-2) of the second transistor (311-2) through the first data line (307-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) can control the second light-emitting element (310-2) to emit light of the first color by providing a second PWM signal to the second light-emitting element (310-2) which is electrically connected to the second transistor (311-2) to which the data voltage is applied.

[0101] For example, the display driving circuit (220) can control the display panel (230) so that both the first light-emitting element (320-1) and the second light-emitting element (320-2) of the second subpixel (302) emit light of the second color to display the identified grayscale level of the second color. For example, the display driving circuit (220) can control the display panel (230) so that both the first light-emitting element (330-1) and the second light-emitting element (330-2) of the third subpixel (303) emit light of the third color to display the identified grayscale level of the third color. The content for each of the second subpixel (302) and the third subpixel (303) controlled by the display driving circuit (220) may be substantially the same as the content for the first subpixel (301).

[0102] In the example of FIG. 3a, one subpixel is shown to include two light-emitting elements, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, one subpixel may include three or more light-emitting elements.

[0103] As described above, specific details regarding a driving example in which a display driving circuit (220) uses a plurality of light-emitting elements within one subpixel to express a grayscale level of a portion of an image received from at least one processor (210) are described below with reference to FIG. 3b.

[0104] FIG. 3b illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a single grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements.

[0105] FIG. 3b illustrates an example of driving a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301) of FIG. 3a, which is controlled by a display driving circuit (220). An example of driving (340) may represent an example of driving a first light-emitting element (310-1) of a first subpixel (301). An example of driving (350) may represent an example of driving a second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301). FIG. 3b illustrates examples of driving (340, 350) of the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The examples of driving (340, 350) may be applied substantially the same way to each of the second subpixel (302) and the third subpixel (303).

[0106] Referring to FIG. 3b, a frame (349) is exemplified. For example, the frame (349) may correspond to the period in which a vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) is transmitted (or, generated). As a non-limiting example, if the transmission period (or, generation period) of the vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) (or, display driving circuit (220)) is 60 Hz, the length of the frame (349) may be 1 / 60.

[0107] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) to display a portion of an image having the first grayscale level for the first color. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit the first light-emitting element (310-1) for at least a portion of a first time interval (340-1) within a frame (349), and control the display panel (230) to emit the second light-emitting element (310-2) for at least a portion of a second time interval (350-1) that overlaps with the first time interval (340-1) within the frame (349).

[0108] Referring to the driving example (340), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) for PWM driving of the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the first PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 3b, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first gate electrode (312-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first scan line (305-1). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first electrode (313-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or, first light-emitting element (310-1)) to which the data voltage is applied through the first transistor (311-1) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided first PWM signal.

[0109] For example, the first PWM signal may include a first bit sequence defined by a first set of subfields. For example, the first bit sequence may include 8 bits (e.g., '00000000' to '11111111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (340), the subfields in the first set may include a subfield (341) indicating one light emission period, a subfield (342) indicating two light emission periods, a subfield (343) indicating 32 light emission periods, a subfield (344) indicating 32 light emission periods, a subfield (345) indicating four light emission periods, a subfield (346) indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield (347) indicating sixteen light emission periods, and a subfield (348) indicating 32 light emission periods. In the driving example (340), the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (343) and the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (348) may be divided (or included in the 64 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (147) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0110] In the driving example (340), the number of subfields in the first set, the order of the subfields, and the types of the subfields may be changed. For example, the types may represent the length of the luminescence periods indicated by the subfields.

[0111] For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may emit light for at least a portion of the first time interval (340-1) within the frame (349) as the first PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the first time interval (340-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the first PWM signal (or the first bit sequence). In one example, when the first bit sequence is '01010101', the first light-emitting element (310-1) may emit light during the at least portion of the first time interval (340-1), which includes two light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (342), 32 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (344), eight light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (346), and 32 light-emitting periods indicated by the subfield (348). For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may refrain from emitting light during a third time interval (340-2) that is distinct from the first time interval (340-1) within the frame (349). For example, the length of the third time interval (340-2) may correspond to the length of 128 light-emitting periods.

[0112] Referring to the driving example (350), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) for PWM driving of the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the second PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 3b, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the second transistor (311-2) (or second gate electrode (312-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the second scan line (305-2). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the second transistor (311-2) (or third electrode (313-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or second light-emitting element (310-2)) to which the data voltage is applied through the second transistor (311-2) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided second PWM signal.

[0113] For example, the second PWM signal may include a second bit sequence defined by a second set of subfields. For example, the second bit sequence may include 4 bits (e.g., '0000' to '1111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (350), the subfields in the second set may include a subfield (351) indicating four light-emitting periods, a subfield (352) indicating four light-emitting periods, a subfield (353) indicating four light-emitting periods, and a subfield (354) indicating four light-emitting periods. In the driving example (350), the subfields (351, 352, 353, 354) of the second set may be divided from (or included in) the 128 light-emitting periods represented by the subfield (148) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0114] In the above example, the second bit sequence is described as including 4 bits, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the second PWM signal may include 1 bit (e.g., '0' or '1'). The display driving circuit (220) may transmit four of the second PWM signals to the display panel (230).

[0115] In the driving example (350), the number of subfields in the second set, the order of the subfields, and the types of the subfields may be changed.

[0116] For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may emit light for at least a portion of the second time interval (350-1) within the frame (349) as the second PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the second time interval (350-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the second PWM signal (or the second bit sequence). In one example, when the second bit sequence is '0111', the second light-emitting element (310-2) may emit light for at least a portion of the second time interval (350-1) including four light-emitting periods represented by the subfield (352), four light-emitting periods represented by the subfield (353), and four light-emitting periods represented by the subfield (354). For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may refrain from emitting light during a fourth time interval (350-2) that is distinct from the second time interval (350-1) within the frame (349). For example, the length of the fourth time interval (350-2) may correspond to the length of 127 light-emitting periods. Accordingly, the length of the second time interval (350-1) may be longer than the length of the first time interval (340-1).

[0117] FIG. 3c illustrates a DFC that is suppressed according to the driving example of FIG. 3b.

[0118] FIG. 3c illustrates examples (360, 370, 380) of DFCs that are suppressed between two adjacent pixels of a display panel (230) driven according to the driving examples (340, 350) of FIG. 3b. In each of the examples (360, 370, 380), the horizontal direction may indicate the direction of movement of a user's eye looking at the display panel (230), and the vertical direction may indicate the direction in which light is integrated from the eye.

[0119] Referring to Example (360), the first pixel among the two pixels may emit light for 128 light-emitting periods. Additionally, the second pixel among the two pixels adjacent to the first pixel may emit light for 1 light-emitting period, 2 light-emitting periods, 4 light-emitting periods, 8 light-emitting periods, 16 light-emitting periods, 32 light-emitting periods, and 64 light-emitting periods. The states (360-1) and (360-2) of Example (360) may be substantially the same as the states (160) and (165) of FIG. 1B. Referring to the first line (361) of state (360-1), a first grayscale level (e.g., 128) may be perceived by the user's eye. Referring to the second line (362) of state (360-1), a second grayscale level (e.g., 255) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the third line (363) of state (360-1), a third grayscale level (e.g., 127) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the fourth line (364) of state (360-2), the third grayscale level (e.g., 127) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the fifth line (365) of state (360-2), a fourth grayscale level (e.g., 0) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the sixth line (366) of state (360-2), the first grayscale level (e.g., 128) may be perceived by the user's eyes.

[0120] Referring to Example (370), the first pixel among the two pixels can emit light for 128 (=32+32+32+32) light-emitting periods. Additionally, the second pixel among the two pixels adjacent to the first pixel can emit light for 1 light-emitting period, 2 light-emitting periods, 4 light-emitting periods, 8 light-emitting periods, 16 light-emitting periods, 32 light-emitting periods, and 64 light-emitting periods. Referring to the first line (371) of the state (370-1) of Example (370), the first grayscale level (e.g., 128) can be perceived by the user's eye. Referring to the second line (372) of the state (370-1), the fourth grayscale level (e.g., 0) can be perceived by the user's eye. Referring to the third line (373) of state (370-1), the third grayscale level (e.g., 127) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the fourth line (374) of state (370-2), the first grayscale level (e.g., 128) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the fifth line (375) of state (370-2), the fourth grayscale level (e.g., 0) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the sixth line (376) of state (370-2), the third grayscale level (e.g., 127) may be perceived by the user's eyes. The states (370-1) and (370-2) illustrated in example (370) assume a case in which, among the light-emitting elements (e.g., first light-emitting element (310-1) and second light-emitting element (310-2)) of a subpixel (e.g., first subpixel (301) of FIG. 3a)) that emits light of a specific color (e.g., red color) of each of two adjacent pixels, only the second light-emitting element (310-2) among the light-emitting elements emits light in the first pixel, and only the first light-emitting element (310-1) among the light-emitting elements emits light in the second pixel.In other words, the state (370-1) and state (370-2) of example (370) may be the case in which the DFC is most likely to be recognized during the operation of the display panel (230) driven according to the driving examples (340, 350) shown in FIG. 3b. When the electronic device (200) according to the present disclosure is a wearable device (e.g., the wearable device (203) of FIG. 13a to 14b), light emitted from the display panel (230) may be blurred by the waveguide of the display panel (230). Accordingly, the grayscale levels that can be recognized in the state (370-1) and state (370-2) of example (370) may be perceived substantially differently by the user's eye. Specific details regarding this are explained with reference to example (380).

[0121] Referring to Example (380), the first pixel among the two pixels can emit light for 128 (=32+32+32+32) light-emitting periods. Additionally, the second pixel among the two pixels adjacent to the first pixel can emit light for 1 light-emitting period, 2 light-emitting periods, 4 light-emitting periods, 8 light-emitting periods, 16 light-emitting periods, 32 light-emitting periods, and 64 light-emitting periods. Referring to the first line (381) of the state (380-1) of Example (380), the first grayscale level (e.g., 128) can be perceived by the user's eye. Referring to the second line (382) of the state (380-1), the third grayscale level (e.g., 127) can be perceived by the user's eye. Referring to the third line (383) of state (380-1), the third grayscale level (e.g., 127) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the fourth line (384) of state (380-2), the first grayscale level (e.g., 128) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the fifth line (385) of state (380-2), the third grayscale level (e.g., 127) may be perceived by the user's eyes. Referring to the sixth line (386) of state (380-2), the third grayscale level (e.g., 127) may be perceived by the user's eyes.

[0122] Referring to the above description, in a display panel (230) driven according to the driving examples (340, 350) of FIG. 3b, when displaying an image, unintended grayscale levels (e.g., the second grayscale level and the fourth grayscale level) can be suppressed. The display driving circuit (220) according to the present disclosure can provide the effect of substantially reducing the duty ratio and increasing the number of subfields by driving a display panel (230) that includes a plurality of subpixels each including a plurality of light-emitting elements. In other words, the display driving circuit (220) according to the present disclosure can display an image by controlling (or driving) a display panel (230) that includes a plurality of subpixels each including a plurality of light-emitting elements to suppress (or improve) the DFC.

[0123] As described in FIGS. 3a to 3c, the display driving circuit (220) can control the display panel (230) to compensate for the optical characteristics of the display panel (230) in addition to suppressing the DFC. For example, the display driving circuit (220) can perform the compensation of the optical characteristics by using bits of a PWM signal provided to the second light-emitting element (310-2), which is a redundant light-emitting element, to further light-emitting the second light-emitting element (310-2) together with the first light-emitting element (310-1). Examples, without limitation, include compensation for stains between pixels, compensation for deviation in brightness according to temperature, compensation for pixels around a dead pixel, or compensation for optical characteristics according to frequency variation.

[0124] FIGS. 4a and FIGS. 4b illustrate examples of display panels comprising a plurality of subpixels, each including a plurality of light-emitting elements.

[0125] FIG. 4a illustrates a plurality of subpixels (401, 402, 403) of one pixel among a plurality of pixels included in a display panel (230) of an electronic device (200). In FIG. 4a, a plurality of subpixels (401, 402, 403) included in one pixel among the plurality of pixels of the display panel (230) are illustrated, but each of the plurality of pixels may include the plurality of subpixels (401, 402, 403) of FIG. 4a.

[0126] For example, the display panel (230) may include a plurality of scan lines (Scan 1, Scan 2) (405-1, 405-2) connected (or electrically connected) to a plurality of subpixels (401, 402, 403), a plurality of data lines (Data R, Data G, Data B) (407-1, 407-2, 407-3), and a light emission line (EM pulse) (409). For example, each of the plurality of scan lines (405-1, 405-2) may be used to provide a scan signal for driving a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, each of the plurality of data lines (407-1, 407-2, 407-3) may be used to provide a data voltage to be applied to a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, the data voltage may be applied (or provided) to a light-emitting element through a transistor. For example, the light-emitting line (409) may be used to provide a PWM signal to the light-emitting element to control the time (or light-emitting period) during which the light-emitting element within the subpixel emits light.

[0127] For example, the first subpixel (401) may include a first light-emitting element (410-1) configured to emit light of the first color and a second light-emitting element (410-2) configured to emit light of the first color. For example, the first subpixel (401) may include a first transistor (411-1) and a second transistor (411-2).

[0128] For example, the first transistor (411-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (410-1). For example, the first transistor (411-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (411-1) may include a first gate electrode (412-1) electrically connected to a first scan line (Scan 1) (405-1). For example, the first transistor (411-1) may include a first electrode (413-1) electrically connected to a first data line (Data R) (407-1). For example, the first transistor (411-1) may include a second electrode (414-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (410-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (410-1) may be electrically connected to a light-emitting line (409).

[0129] For example, the second transistor (411-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (410-2). For example, the second transistor (411-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (411-2) may include a second gate electrode (412-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (Scan 2) (405-2). For example, the second transistor (411-2) may include a third electrode (413-2) electrically connected to the first data line (407-1). For example, the second transistor (411-2) may include a fourth electrode (414-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (410-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (410-2) may be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (409).

[0130] For example, the first light-emitting element (410-1) of the first subpixel (401) may be placed on the first transistor (411-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (410-2) of the first subpixel (401) may be placed on the second transistor (411-2). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (410-1) of the first subpixel (401) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (410-2) of the first subpixel (401). Unlike the example in FIG. 3a, in the example in FIG. 4a, the first light-emitting element (410-1) and the second light-emitting element (410-2) may each be extended in the vertical direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (410-1) may be arranged to extend vertically along the first data line (407-1) on the first transistor (411-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (410-2) may be arranged to extend vertically along the first data line (407-1) on the second transistor (411-2).

[0131] For example, the second subpixel (402) may include a first light-emitting element (420-1) configured to emit light of the second color and a second light-emitting element (420-2) configured to emit light of the second color. For example, the second subpixel (402) may include a first transistor (421-1) and a second transistor (421-2).

[0132] For example, the first transistor (421-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (420-1). For example, the first transistor (421-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (421-1) may include a first gate electrode (422-1) electrically connected to the first scan line (405-1). For example, the first transistor (421-1) may include a first electrode (423-1) electrically connected to the second data line (Data G) (407-2). For example, the first transistor (421-1) may include a second electrode (424-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (420-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (420-1) may be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (409).

[0133] For example, the second transistor (421-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (420-2). For example, the second transistor (421-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (421-2) may include a second gate electrode (422-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (405-2). For example, the second transistor (421-2) may include a third electrode (423-2) electrically connected to the second data line (407-2). For example, the second transistor (421-2) may include a fourth electrode (424-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (420-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (420-2) may be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (409).

[0134] For example, the first light-emitting element (420-1) of the second subpixel (402) may be placed on the first transistor (421-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (420-2) of the second subpixel (402) may be placed on the second transistor (421-2). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (420-1) of the second subpixel (402) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (420-2) of the second subpixel (402). Unlike the example in FIG. 3a, in the example in FIG. 4a, the first light-emitting element (420-1) and the second light-emitting element (420-2) may each be extended in the vertical direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (420-1) may be arranged to extend vertically along the second data line (407-2) on the first transistor (421-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (420-2) may be arranged to extend vertically along the second data line (407-2) on the second transistor (421-2).

[0135] For example, the third subpixel (403) may include a first light-emitting element (430-1) configured to emit light of the third color and a second light-emitting element (430-2) configured to emit light of the third color. For example, the third subpixel (403) may include a first transistor (431-1) and a second transistor (431-2).

[0136] For example, the first transistor (431-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (430-1). For example, the first transistor (431-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (431-1) may include a first gate electrode (432-1) electrically connected to the first scan line (405-1). For example, the first transistor (431-1) may include a first electrode (433-1) electrically connected to the third data line (Data B) (407-3). For example, the first transistor (431-1) may include a second electrode (434-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (430-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (430-1) may be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (409).

[0137] For example, the second transistor (431-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (430-2). For example, the second transistor (431-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (431-2) may include a second gate electrode (432-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (405-2). For example, the second transistor (431-2) may include a third electrode (433-2) electrically connected to the third data line (407-3). For example, the second transistor (431-2) may include a fourth electrode (434-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (430-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (430-2) may be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (409).

[0138] For example, the first light-emitting element (430-1) of the third subpixel (403) may be placed on the first transistor (431-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (430-2) of the third subpixel (403) may be placed on the second transistor (431-2). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (430-1) of the third subpixel (403) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (430-2) of the third subpixel (403). Unlike the example in FIG. 3a, in the example in FIG. 4a, the first light-emitting element (430-1) and the second light-emitting element (430-2) may each be extended in the vertical direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (430-1) may be arranged to extend vertically along the third data line (407-3) on the first transistor (431-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (430-2) may be arranged to extend vertically along the third data line (407-3) on the second transistor (431-2).

[0139] FIG. 4b illustrates a plurality of subpixels (451, 452, 453) of one pixel among a plurality of pixels included in a display panel (230) of an electronic device (200). In FIG. 4b, a plurality of subpixels (451, 452, 453) included in one pixel among the plurality of pixels of the display panel (230) are illustrated, but each of the plurality of pixels may include the plurality of subpixels (451, 452, 453) of FIG. 4b.

[0140] For example, the display panel (230) may include a plurality of scan lines (Scan 1, Scan 2) (455-1, 455-2) connected (or electrically connected) to a plurality of subpixels (451, 452, 453), a plurality of data lines (Data R, Data G, Data B) (457-1, 457-2, 457-3), and a plurality of light-emitting lines (EM pulse 1, EM pulse 2) (459-1, 459-2). For example, each of the plurality of scan lines (455-1, 455-2) may be used to provide a scan signal for driving a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, each of the plurality of data lines (457-1, 457-2, 457-3) may be used to provide a data voltage to be applied to a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, the data voltage may be applied (or provided) to a light-emitting element through a transistor. For example, each of the plurality of light-emitting lines (459-1, 459-2) may be used to provide a PWM signal to the light-emitting element to control the time (or light-emitting period) during which the light-emitting element within the subpixel emits light.

[0141] For example, the first subpixel (451) may include a first light-emitting element (460-1) configured to emit light of the first color and a second light-emitting element (460-2) configured to emit light of the first color. For example, the first subpixel (451) may include a first transistor (461-1) and a second transistor (461-2).

[0142] For example, the first transistor (461-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (460-1). For example, the first transistor (461-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (461-1) may include a first gate electrode (462-1) electrically connected to a first scan line (Scan 1) (455-1). For example, the first transistor (461-1) may include a first electrode (463-1) electrically connected to a first data line (Data R) (457-1). For example, the first transistor (461-1) may include a second electrode (464-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (460-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (460-1) may be electrically connected to a first light-emitting line (EM pulse 1) (459-1).

[0143] For example, the second transistor (461-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (460-2). For example, the second transistor (461-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (461-2) may include a second gate electrode (462-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (Scan 2) (455-2). For example, the second transistor (461-2) may include a third electrode (463-2) electrically connected to the first data line (457-1). For example, the second transistor (461-2) may include a fourth electrode (464-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (460-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (460-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (EM pulse 2) (459-2).

[0144] For example, the first light-emitting element (460-1) of the first subpixel (451) may be placed on the first transistor (461-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (460-2) of the first subpixel (451) may be placed on the second transistor (461-2). Unlike the example of FIG. 3a, in the example of FIG. 4b, the size of the first light-emitting element (460-1) of the first subpixel (451) may be different from the size of the second light-emitting element (460-2) of the first subpixel (451). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (460-1) of the first subpixel (451) may be larger than the size of the second light-emitting element (460-2) of the first subpixel (451). However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (460-1) of the first subpixel (451) may be smaller than the size of the second light-emitting element (460-2) of the first subpixel (451). In the example of FIG. 4b, each of the first light-emitting element (460-1) and the second light-emitting element (460-2) may be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (460-1) may be arranged to be extended horizontally with respect to the first data line (457-1) on the first transistor (461-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (460-2) may be arranged to be extended horizontally with respect to the first data line (457-1) on the second transistor (461-2).

[0145] For example, the second subpixel (452) may include a first light-emitting element (470-1) configured to emit light of the second color and a second light-emitting element (470-2) configured to emit light of the second color. For example, the second subpixel (452) may include a first transistor (471-1) and a second transistor (471-2).

[0146] For example, the first transistor (471-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (470-1). For example, the first transistor (471-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (471-1) may include a first gate electrode (472-1) electrically connected to the first scan line (455-1). For example, the first transistor (471-1) may include a first electrode (473-1) electrically connected to the second data line (Data G) (457-2). For example, the first transistor (471-1) may include a second electrode (474-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (470-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (470-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (459-1).

[0147] For example, the second transistor (471-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (470-2). For example, the second transistor (471-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (471-2) may include a second gate electrode (472-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (455-2). For example, the second transistor (471-2) may include a third electrode (473-2) electrically connected to the second data line (457-2). For example, the second transistor (471-2) may include a fourth electrode (474-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (470-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (470-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (459-2).

[0148] For example, the first light-emitting element (470-1) of the second subpixel (452) may be placed on the first transistor (471-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (470-2) of the second subpixel (452) may be placed on the second transistor (471-2). Unlike the example of FIG. 3a, in the example of FIG. 4b, the size of the first light-emitting element (470-1) of the second subpixel (452) may be different from the size of the second light-emitting element (470-2) of the second subpixel (452). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (470-1) of the second subpixel (452) may be larger than the size of the second light-emitting element (470-2) of the second subpixel (452). However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (470-1) of the second subpixel (452) may be smaller than the size of the second light-emitting element (470-2) of the second subpixel (452). In the example of FIG. 4b, each of the first light-emitting element (470-1) and the second light-emitting element (470-2) may be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (470-1) may be arranged to be extended horizontally with respect to the second data line (457-2) on the first transistor (471-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (470-2) may be arranged to be extended horizontally with respect to the second data line (457-2) on the second transistor (471-2).

[0149] For example, the third subpixel (453) may include a first light-emitting element (480-1) configured to emit light of the third color and a second light-emitting element (480-2) configured to emit light of the third color. For example, the third subpixel (453) may include a first transistor (481-1) and a second transistor (481-2).

[0150] For example, the first transistor (481-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (480-1). For example, the first transistor (481-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (481-1) may include a first gate electrode (482-1) electrically connected to the first scan line (455-1). For example, the first transistor (481-1) may include a first electrode (483-1) electrically connected to the third data line (Data B) (457-3). For example, the first transistor (481-1) may include a second electrode (484-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (480-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (480-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (459-1).

[0151] For example, the second transistor (481-2) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (480-2). For example, the second transistor (481-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (481-2) may include a second gate electrode (482-2) electrically connected to the second scan line (455-2). For example, the second transistor (481-2) may include a third electrode (483-2) electrically connected to the third data line (457-3). For example, the second transistor (481-2) may include a fourth electrode (484-2) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (480-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (480-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (459-2).

[0152] For example, the first light-emitting element (480-1) of the third subpixel (453) may be placed on the first transistor (481-1). Also, for example, the second light-emitting element (480-2) of the third subpixel (453) may be placed on the second transistor (481-2). Unlike the example of FIG. 3a, in the example of FIG. 4b, the size of the first light-emitting element (480-1) of the third subpixel (453) may be different from the size of the second light-emitting element (480-2) of the third subpixel (453). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (480-1) of the third subpixel (453) may be larger than the size of the second light-emitting element (480-2) of the third subpixel (453). However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (480-1) of the third subpixel (453) may be smaller than the size of the second light-emitting element (480-2) of the third subpixel (453). In the example of FIG. 4b, each of the first light-emitting element (480-1) and the second light-emitting element (480-2) may be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (480-1) may be arranged to be extended horizontally with respect to the third data line (457-3) on the first transistor (481-1). For example, the second light-emitting element (480-2) may be arranged to be extended horizontally with respect to the third data line (457-3) on the second transistor (481-2).

[0153] Referring to FIGS. 4a and 4b, the size of the light-emitting element (or subpixel) may be related to the provided PWM signal. As a non-limiting example, the size of the light-emitting element (e.g., first light-emitting element (410-1) or first light-emitting element (460-1)) configured to emit a pulse having a relatively short light-emitting period (e.g., part of the PWM signal (or bit) defined by a subfield (141) indicating one light-emitting period to a subfield (147) indicating 64 light-emitting periods) may be larger than the size of the light-emitting element (e.g., second light-emitting element (410-2) or second light-emitting element (460-2)) configured to emit a pulse having a relatively long light-emitting period (e.g., part of the PWM signal (or bit) defined by a subfield (148) indicating 128 light-emitting periods). In other words, the size of the light-emitting element (or subpixel) can be formed differently depending on the number of subfields or the types of subfields (or light emission length) that define the transmitted pulse (or light-emitting signal for light emission).

[0154] FIG. 5a illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements within a single frame.

[0155] FIG. 5a illustrates an example of driving a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301) of FIG. 3a, which is controlled by a display driving circuit (220). An example of driving (510) may represent an example of driving a first light-emitting element (310-1) of a first subpixel (301). An example of driving (520) may represent an example of driving a second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301). FIG. 5a illustrates examples of driving (510, 520) of the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, driving examples (510, 520) may be applied substantially identically to each of the second subpixel (302) and the third subpixel (303). Or, for example, driving examples (510, 520) may be applied substantially identically to each of the subpixels (401, 402, 403) of the display panel (230) of FIG. 4a. Or, for example, driving examples (510, 520) may be applied substantially identically to each of the subpixels (451, 452, 453) of the display panel (230) of FIG. 4b.

[0156] Referring to FIG. 5a, a frame (500) is exemplified. For example, the frame (500) may correspond to the period in which a vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) is transmitted (or, generated). As a non-limiting example, if the transmission period (or, generation period) of the vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) (or, display driving circuit (220)) is 60 Hz, the length of the frame (500) may be 1 / 60.

[0157] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) to display a portion of an image having the first grayscale level for the first color. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit the first light-emitting element (310-1) for at least a portion of a first time interval (510-1) within a frame (500), and control the display panel (230) to emit the second light-emitting element (310-2) for at least a portion of a second time interval (520-1) that overlaps with the first time interval (510-1) within the frame (500).

[0158] Referring to the driving example (510), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) for PWM driving of the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the first PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 5a, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first gate electrode (312-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first scan line (305-1). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first electrode (313-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or, first light-emitting element (310-1)) to which the data voltage is applied through the first transistor (311-1) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided first PWM signal.

[0159] For example, the first PWM signal may include a first bit sequence defined by a first set of subfields. For example, the first bit sequence may include 8 bits (e.g., '00000000' to '11111111'). As a non-limiting example, in a driving example (510), the subfields in the first set may include a subfield (511) indicating one light emission period, a subfield (512) indicating two light emission periods, a subfield (513) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (514) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (515) indicating four light emission periods, a subfield (516) indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield (517) indicating sixteen light emission periods, and a subfield (518) indicating thirty-two light emission periods. In the driving example (510), the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (513) and the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (518) may be divided (or included in the 64 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (147) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0160] For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may emit light for at least a portion of the first time interval (510-1) within the frame (500) as the first PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the first time interval (510-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the first PWM signal (or the first bit sequence). For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may refrain from emitting light during a third time interval (510-2) that is distinct from the first time interval (510-1) within the frame (500). For example, the length of the third time interval (510-2) may correspond to the length of 128 light-emitting periods.

[0161] Referring to the driving example (520), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) for PWM driving of the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the second PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 5a, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the second transistor (311-2) (or second gate electrode (312-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the second scan line (305-2). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the second transistor (311-2) (or third electrode (313-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or second light-emitting element (310-2)) to which the data voltage is applied through the second transistor (311-2) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided second PWM signal.

[0162] For example, the second PWM signal may include a second bit sequence defined by a second set of subfields. For example, the second bit sequence may include 9 bits (e.g., '000000000' to '111111111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (520), the subfields in the second set may include a subfield (521) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (522) indicating 8 light-emitting periods, a subfield (523) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (524) indicating 1 light-emitting period, a subfield (525) indicating 2 light-emitting periods, a subfield (526) indicating 4 light-emitting periods, a subfield (527) indicating 16 light-emitting periods, a subfield (528) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, and a subfield (529) indicating 1 light-emitting period. In the driving example (520), the second set of subfields (521, 522, 523, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 529) may be divided (or included in the 128 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (148) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0163] Referring to FIG. 5a, the subfields in the second set may include one additional subfield compared to the subfields in the first set. For example, the additional subfield may be a subfield (529) indicating a light emission period.

[0164] For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may emit light for at least a portion of the second time interval (520-1) within the frame (500) as the second PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the second time interval (520-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the second PWM signal (or the second bit sequence). For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may refrain from emitting light during a fourth time interval (520-2) that is distinct from the second time interval (520-1) within the frame (500). For example, the length of the fourth time interval (520-2) may correspond to the length of 127 light-emitting periods.

[0165] FIG. 5b illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a single grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements within consecutive frames.

[0166] FIG. 5b illustrates an example of driving the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) of FIG. 3a, which are controlled by a display driving circuit (220). FIG. 5b illustrates an example of driving the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) in two consecutive frames (530, 560). Driving example (540) may show an example of driving the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301) in the first frame (530). Driving example (550) may show an example of driving the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) in the first frame (530). Driving example (570) may show a driving example of the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301) in the second frame (560). Driving example (580) may show a driving example of the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) in the second frame (560).

[0167] In FIG. 5b, driving examples (540, 550, 570, 580) of the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) are illustrated, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the driving examples (540, 550, 570, 580) may be applied substantially identically to each of the second subpixel (302) and the third subpixel (303). Or, for example, the driving examples (540, 550, 570, 580) may be applied substantially identically to each of the subpixels (401, 402, 403) of the display panel (230) of FIG. 4a. Alternatively, for example, driving examples (540, 550, 570, 580) can be applied substantially the same to each of the subpixels (451, 452, 453) of the display panel (230) of FIG. 4b.

[0168] Referring to FIG. 5b, a first frame (530) and a second frame (560) are exemplified. For example, each of the first frame (530) and the second frame (560) may correspond to the period in which a vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) is transmitted (or, generated). As a non-limiting example, if the transmission period (or, generation period) of the vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) (or, display driving circuit (220)) is 60 Hz, the length of each of the first frame (530) and the second frame (560) may be 1 / 60. For example, the second frame (560) may be an example of a frame immediately subsequent to the first frame (530). For example, the start time (561) of the second frame (560) may be the same as (or correspond to) the end time (531) of the first frame (530).

[0169] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) to display a portion of an image having the first grayscale level for the first color. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit the first light-emitting element (310-1) for at least a portion of a first time interval (540-1) within a first frame (530), and control the display panel (230) to emit the second light-emitting element (310-2) for at least a portion of a second time interval (550-1) that overlaps with the first time interval (540-1) within the first frame (530).

[0170] Referring to the driving example (540), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) for PWM driving of the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the first PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 5b, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first gate electrode (312-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first scan line (305-1). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first electrode (313-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or, first light-emitting element (310-1)) to which the data voltage is applied through the first transistor (311-1) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided first PWM signal.

[0171] For example, the first PWM signal may include a first bit sequence defined by a first set of subfields. For example, the first bit sequence may include 8 bits (e.g., '00000000' to '11111111'). In a driving example (540) that is not limited to, the subfields in the first set may include a subfield (541) indicating one light emission period, a subfield (542) indicating two light emission periods, a subfield (543) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (544) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (545) indicating four light emission periods, a subfield (546) indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield (547) indicating sixteen light emission periods, and a subfield (548) indicating thirty-two light emission periods. In the driving example (540), the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (543) and the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (548) may be divided (or included in the 64 light-emitting periods) from the 64 light-emitting periods represented by the subfield (147) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0172] For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may emit light for at least a portion of the first time interval (510-1) within the first frame (530) as the first PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the first time interval (510-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the first PWM signal (or the first bit sequence). For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may refrain from emitting light during a third time interval (540-2) that is distinct from the first time interval (540-1) within the first frame (530). For example, the length of the third time interval (540-2) may correspond to the length of 128 light-emitting periods.

[0173] Referring to the driving example (550), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) for PWM driving of the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the second PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 5b, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the second transistor (311-2) (or second gate electrode (312-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the second scan line (305-2). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the second transistor (311-2) (or third electrode (313-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or second light-emitting element (310-2)) to which the data voltage is applied through the second transistor (311-2) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided second PWM signal.

[0174] For example, the second PWM signal may include a second bit sequence defined by a second set of subfields. For example, the second bit sequence may include 7 bits (e.g., '0000000' to '1111111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (550), the subfields in the second set may include a subfield (551) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (552) indicating 8 light-emitting periods, a subfield (553) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (554) indicating 4 light-emitting periods, a subfield (555) indicating 16 light-emitting periods, a subfield (556) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, and a subfield (557) indicating 4 light-emitting periods. In the driving example (550), the second set of subfields (551, 552, 553, 554, 555, 556, 557) may be divided (or included in the 128 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (148) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0175] For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may emit light for at least a portion of the second time interval (550-1) within the first frame (530) as the second PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the second time interval (550-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the second PWM signal (or the second bit sequence). For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may refrain from emitting light during a fourth time interval (550-2) that is distinct from the second time interval (550-1) within the first frame (530). For example, the length of the fourth time interval (550-2) may correspond to the length of 127 light-emitting periods.

[0176] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) to display a portion of an image having the first grayscale level for the first color. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit the first light-emitting element (310-1) for at least a portion of a first time interval (570-1) within the second frame (560), and control the display panel (230) to emit the second light-emitting element (310-2) for at least a portion of a second time interval (580-1) that overlaps with the first time interval (570-1) within the second frame (560). As a non-limiting example, the first grayscale level of the portion of the image displayed in the first frame (530) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the first grayscale level of the portion of the image displayed in the second frame (560).

[0177] Referring to the driving example (570), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) for PWM driving of the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the second PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 5b, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first gate electrode (312-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first scan line (305-1). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first electrode (313-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or, first light-emitting element (310-1)) to which the data voltage is applied through the first transistor (311-1) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided second PWM signal.

[0178] For example, the second PWM signal may include a second bit sequence defined by a second set of subfields. For example, the second bit sequence may include 7 bits (e.g., '0000000' to '1111111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (570), the subfields in the second set may include a subfield (571) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (572) indicating 8 light-emitting periods, a subfield (573) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (574) indicating 4 light-emitting periods, a subfield (575) indicating 16 light-emitting periods, a subfield (576) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, and a subfield (577) indicating 4 light-emitting periods. In the driving example (570), the second set of subfields (571, 572, 573, 574, 575, 576, 577) may be divided (or included in the 128 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (148) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0179] For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may emit light for at least a portion of the first time interval (570-1) within the second frame (560) as the second PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the first time interval (570-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the second PWM signal (or the second bit sequence). For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may refrain from emitting light during a third time interval (570-2) that is distinct from the first time interval (570-1) within the second frame (560). For example, the length of the third time interval (570-2) may correspond to the length of 127 light-emitting periods.

[0180] Referring to the driving example (580), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) for PWM driving of the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the first PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 5b, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the second transistor (311-2) (or second gate electrode (312-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the second scan line (305-2). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the second transistor (311-2) (or third electrode (313-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or second light-emitting element (310-2)) to which the data voltage is applied through the second transistor (311-2) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided first PWM signal.

[0181] For example, the first PWM signal may include a first bit sequence defined by a first set of subfields. For example, the first bit sequence may include 8 bits (e.g., '00000000' to '11111111'). In a driving example (580) that is not limited to, the subfields in the first set may include a subfield (581) indicating one light emission period, a subfield (582) indicating two light emission periods, a subfield (583) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (584) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (585) indicating four light emission periods, a subfield (586) indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield (587) indicating sixteen light emission periods, and a subfield (588) indicating thirty-two light emission periods. In the driving example (580), the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (583) and the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (588) may be divided (or included in the 64 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (147) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0182] For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may emit light for at least a portion of the second time interval (580-1) within the second frame (560) as the first PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the second time interval (580-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the first PWM signal (or the first bit sequence). For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may refrain from emitting light during a fourth time interval (580-2) that is distinct from the second time interval (580-1) within the second frame (560). For example, the length of the fourth time interval (580-2) may correspond to the length of 128 light-emitting periods.

[0183] Referring to FIG. 5b, the display driving circuit (220) may use a PWM signal defined by differently divided subfields, wherein pulses having a relatively long length (e.g., a part (or bit) of the PWM signal defined by a subfield (148) indicating 128 light emission periods in FIG. 1a) in consecutive frames. For example, in driving examples (540, 550, 570, 580) in consecutive frames, the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal are sequentially provided to the first light-emitting element (310-1), and the second PWM signal and the first PWM signal are sequentially provided to the second light-emitting element (310-2), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide PWM signals defined by different subfields to a plurality of light-emitting elements within a single subpixel on a frame-by-frame basis.

[0184] In FIGS. 5a and 5b, a case is described in which subfields within a set defining a bit sequence of PWM signals within a single frame are used, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, multiple sets defining bit sequences of multiple PWM signals within a single frame may be used. In other words, the display driving circuit (220) may provide multiple PWM signals to a first light-emitting element of a specific subpixel within the single frame, and provide multiple PWM signals to a second light-emitting element of the specific subpixel within the single frame. Specific examples related thereto are described below with reference to FIG. 6.

[0185] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements within a plurality of subframes of a single frame.

[0186] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of driving a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301) of FIG. 3a, controlled by a display driving circuit (220). FIG. 6 illustrates an example of driving a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301) in subframes (601, 602) within a single frame (600). An example of driving (610) may represent an example of driving a first light-emitting element (310-1) of a first subpixel (301) in a frame (600). An example of driving (620) may represent an example of driving a second light-emitting element (310-2) of a first subpixel (301) in a frame (600).

[0187] In FIG. 6, driving examples (610, 620) of the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) are illustrated, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the driving examples (610, 620) may be applied substantially identically to each of the second subpixel (302) and the third subpixel (303). Or, for example, the driving examples (610, 620) may be applied substantially identically to each of the subpixels (401, 402, 403) of the display panel (230) of FIG. 4a. Or, for example, the driving examples (610, 620) may be applied substantially identically to each of the subpixels (451, 452, 453) of the display panel (230) of FIG. 4b.

[0188] Referring to FIG. 6, a frame (600) is exemplified. For example, the frame (600) may correspond to the period in which a vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) is transmitted (or, generated). As a non-limiting example, if the transmission period (or, generation period) of the vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) (or, display driving circuit (220)) is 60 Hz, the length of the frame (600) may be 1 / 60.

[0189] For example, a frame (600) may include a plurality of subframes. For example, the number of the plurality of subframes within the frame (600) may represent the number of times each of the pixels (or subpixels, light-emitting elements) of the display panel (230) emits light within the frame. In the example of FIG. 6, within a frame (600) including two subframes (601, 602), the display driving circuit (220) may control the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) within the first subpixel (301) of the display panel (230) to emit light twice each. In the present disclosure, a subframe may be referred to as a cycle or a light-emitting cycle. In the example above, when the length of the frame (600) is 1 / 60, the length of one subframe (e.g., the first subframe (601) or the second subframe (602)) may be 1 / 120. In the above example, it is described that the number of subframes is 2 as the light-emitting elements within the frame (600) emit light twice, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. As a non-limiting example, the light-emitting elements within the frame (600) may emit light four times, and the number of subframes may be 4.

[0190] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) to display a portion of an image having the first grayscale level for the first color. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit the first light-emitting element (310-1) for at least a portion of the first subframe (601) of the frame (600), and control the display panel (230) to emit the second light-emitting element (310-2) for at least a portion of the first subframe (601) of the frame (600). Additionally, for example, the display driving circuit (220) can control the display panel (230) to emit a first light-emitting element (310-1) for at least a portion of the second subframe (602) of the frame (600), and control the display panel (230) to emit a second light-emitting element (310-2) for at least a portion of the second subframe (602) of the frame (600).

[0191] Referring to the driving example (610), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) for PWM driving of the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301) within the first subframe (601) of the frame (600). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the first PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the first PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 6, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first gate electrode (312-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first scan line (305-1). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first electrode (313-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or, first light-emitting element (310-1)) to which the data voltage is applied through the first transistor (311-1) driven according to the scan signal may emit light according to the provided first PWM signal.

[0192] For example, the first PWM signal may include a first bit sequence defined by a first set of subfields. For example, the first bit sequence may include 7 bits (e.g., '0000000' to '1111111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (610), the subfields in the first set may include a subfield indicating one light emission period (611-1), a subfield indicating two light emission periods (612-1), a subfield indicating four light emission periods (613-1), a subfield indicating eight light emission periods (614-1), a subfield indicating sixteen light emission periods (615-1), a subfield indicating thirty-two light emission periods (616-1), and a subfield indicating sixty-four light emission periods (617-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may emit light for at least a portion of the first subframe (601) within the frame (600) as the first PWM signal is provided. As an example without limitation, the at least portion of the first subframe (601) may be determined according to at least one bit which is one of the bits of the first PWM signal (or the first bit sequence).

[0193] Referring to the driving example (620), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) for PWM driving of the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) within the first subframe (601) of the frame (600). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the second PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the second PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 6, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the second transistor (311-2) (or second gate electrode (312-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the second scan line (305-2). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the second transistor (311-2) (or third electrode (313-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or second light-emitting element (310-2)) to which the data voltage is applied through the second transistor (311-2) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided second PWM signal.

[0194] For example, the second PWM signal may include a second bit sequence defined by a second set of subfields. For example, the second bit sequence may include 3 bits (e.g., '000' to '111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (620), the subfields in the second set may include a subfield (621-1) indicating 64 light-emitting periods, a subfield (622-1) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, and a subfield (623-1) indicating 32 light-emitting periods. In the driving example (620), the subfields in the second set (621-1, 622-1, 623-1) may be divided from (or included in) the 128 light-emitting periods represented by the subfield (148) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0195] For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may emit light for at least a portion of the first subframe (601) within the frame (600) as the second PWM signal is provided. As an example without limitation, the at least portion of the first subframe (601) may be determined according to at least one bit which is one of the bits of the second PWM signal (or the second bit sequence).

[0196] Again, referring to the driving example (610), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a third PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) for PWM driving of the first light-emitting element (310-1) of the first subpixel (301) within the second subframe (602) of the frame (600). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the third PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the first light-emitting element (310-1)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the third PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 6, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first gate electrode (312-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first scan line (305-1). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the first transistor (311-1) (or, first electrode (313-1)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or, first light-emitting element (310-1)) to which the data voltage is applied through the first transistor (311-1) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided third PWM signal.

[0197] For example, the third PWM signal may include a third bit sequence defined by a third set of subfields. For example, the third bit sequence may include 7 bits (e.g., '0000000' to '1111111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (610), the subfields in the third set may include a subfield (611-2) indicating 64 light-emitting periods, a subfield (612-2) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (613-2) indicating 16 light-emitting periods, a subfield (614-2) indicating 8 light-emitting periods, a subfield (615-2) indicating 4 light-emitting periods, a subfield (616-2) indicating 2 light-emitting periods, and a subfield (617-2) indicating 1 light-emitting period. As a non-limiting example, the number of subfields in the third set may be the same as the number of subfields in the first set, the type of subfields in the third set may be the same as the type of subfields in the first set, and the order of subfields in the third set may be different from the order of subfields in the first set (or may be defined in reverse order). For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) may emit light for at least a portion of the second subframe (602) in the frame (600) as the third PWM signal is provided. As a non-limiting example, the at least portion of the second subframe (602) may be determined according to at least one bit which is one of the bits of the third PWM signal (or the third bit sequence).

[0198] Again, referring to the driving example (620), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a fourth PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) for PWM driving of the second light-emitting element (310-2) of the first subpixel (301) within the second subframe (602) of the frame (600). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the fourth PWM signal to the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) through the first data line (309-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (301) (or the second light-emitting element (310-2)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the fourth PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 6, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the second transistor (311-2) (or second gate electrode (312-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the second scan line (305-2). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) can provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the second transistor (311-2) (or third electrode (313-2)) of the first subpixel (301) through the first data line (307-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (301) (or second light-emitting element (310-2)) to which the data voltage is applied through the second transistor (311-2) driven according to the scan signal can emit light according to the provided fourth PWM signal.

[0199] For example, the fourth PWM signal may include a fourth bit sequence defined by the subfields of the fourth set. For example, the second bit sequence may include 3 bits (e.g., '000' to '111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (620), the subfields in the fourth set may include a subfield (621-2) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (622-2) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, and a subfield (623-2) indicating 64 light-emitting periods. As a non-limiting example, the number of the subfields in the fourth set is the same as the number of the subfields in the second set, the types of the subfields in the fourth set are the same as the types of the subfields in the second set, and the order of the subfields in the fourth set may be different from the order of the subfields in the second set (or may be defined in reverse order). In the driving example (620), the second set of subfields (621-2, 622-2, 623-2) may be divided (or included in the 128 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (148) shown in FIG. 1a. For example, the second light-emitting element (310-2) may emit light for at least a portion of the second subframe (602) within the frame (600) as the fourth PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the second subframe (602) may be determined according to at least one bit which is one of the bits of the fourth PWM signal (or the fourth bit sequence).

[0200] FIG. 7a illustrates an example of a display panel comprising a plurality of subpixels, each including a plurality of light-emitting elements electrically connected to a plurality of transistors.

[0201] FIG. 7a illustrates a plurality of subpixels (701, 702, 703) of one pixel among a plurality of pixels included in a display panel (230) of an electronic device (200). In FIG. 7a, a plurality of subpixels (701, 702, 703) included in one pixel among the plurality of pixels of the display panel (230) are illustrated, but each of the plurality of pixels may include the plurality of subpixels (701, 702, 703) of FIG. 7a.

[0202] For example, the display panel (230) may include a plurality of scan lines (Scan 1, Scan 2) (705-1, 705-2) connected (or electrically connected) to a plurality of subpixels (701, 702, 703), a plurality of data lines (Data R, Data G, Data B) (707-1, 707-2, 707-3), and a plurality of light-emitting lines (EM pulse 1, EM pulse 2) (709-1, 709-2). For example, each of the plurality of scan lines (705-1, 705-2) may be used to provide a scan signal for driving a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, each of the plurality of data lines (707-1, 707-2, 707-3) may be used to provide a data voltage to be applied to a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, the data voltage may be applied (or provided) to a light-emitting element through a transistor. For example, each of the plurality of light-emitting lines (709-1, 709-2) may be used to provide a PWM signal to the light-emitting element to control the time (or light-emitting period) during which the light-emitting element within the subpixel emits light.

[0203] For example, the first subpixel (701) may include a first light-emitting element (710-1) configured to emit light of the first color and a second light-emitting element (710-2) configured to emit light of the first color. For example, the first subpixel (701) may include a first transistor (711-1), a second transistor (711-2), a third transistor (711-3), and a fourth transistor (711-4).

[0204] For example, the first transistor (711-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (710-1). For example, the first transistor (711-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (711-1) may include a first gate electrode (712-1) electrically connected to a first scan line (Scan 1) (705-1). For example, the first transistor (711-1) may include a first electrode (713-1) electrically connected to a first data line (Data R) (707-1). For example, the first transistor (711-1) may include a second electrode (714-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (710-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (710-1) may be electrically connected to a first light-emitting line (EM pulse 1) (709-1).

[0205] For example, the second transistor (711-2) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (710-1). For example, the second transistor (711-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (711-2) may include a second gate electrode (712-2) electrically connected to the first scan line (705-1). For example, the second transistor (711-2) may include a third electrode (713-2) electrically connected to the first data line (707-1). For example, the second transistor (711-2) may include a fourth electrode (714-2) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (710-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (710-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (709-1).

[0206] For example, the third transistor (711-3) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (710-2). For example, the third transistor (711-3) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the third transistor (711-3) may include a third gate electrode (712-3) electrically connected to the second scan line (Scan 2) (705-2). For example, the third transistor (711-3) may include a fifth electrode (713-3) electrically connected to the first data line (707-1). For example, the third transistor (711-3) may include a sixth electrode (714-3) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (710-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (710-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (EM pulse 2) (709-2).

[0207] For example, the fourth transistor (711-4) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (710-2). For example, the fourth transistor (711-4) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the fourth transistor (711-4) may include a fourth gate electrode (712-4) electrically connected to the second scan line (705-2). For example, the fourth transistor (711-4) may include a seventh electrode (713-4) electrically connected to the first data line (707-1). For example, the fourth transistor (711-4) may include an eighth electrode (714-4) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (710-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (710-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (709-2).

[0208] For example, the first light-emitting element (710-1) of the first subpixel (701) may be placed on the first transistor (711-1) and the second transistor (711-2). Additionally, for example, the second light-emitting element (710-2) of the first subpixel (701) may be placed on the third transistor (711-3) and the fourth transistor (711-4). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (710-1) of the first subpixel (701) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (710-2) of the first subpixel (701). In the example of FIG. 7a, the first light-emitting element (710-1) and the second light-emitting element (710-2) may each be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (710-1) may be arranged to extend horizontally with respect to the first data line (707-1) on the first transistor (711-1) and the second transistor (711-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (710-2) may be arranged to extend horizontally with respect to the first data line (707-1) on the third transistor (711-3) and the fourth transistor (711-4).

[0209] For example, the second subpixel (702) may include a first light-emitting element (720-1) configured to emit light of the second color and a second light-emitting element (720-2) configured to emit light of the second color. For example, the second subpixel (702) may include a first transistor (721-1), a second transistor (721-2), a third transistor (721-3), and a fourth transistor (721-4).

[0210] For example, the first transistor (721-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (720-1). For example, the first transistor (721-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (721-1) may include a first gate electrode (722-1) electrically connected to the first scan line (705-1). For example, the first transistor (721-1) may include a first electrode (723-1) electrically connected to the second data line (Data R) (707-2). For example, the first transistor (721-1) may include a second electrode (724-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (720-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (720-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (709-1).

[0211] For example, the second transistor (721-2) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (720-1). For example, the second transistor (721-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (721-2) may include a second gate electrode (722-2) electrically connected to the first scan line (705-1). For example, the second transistor (721-2) may include a third electrode (723-2) electrically connected to the second data line (707-2). For example, the second transistor (721-2) may include a fourth electrode (724-2) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (720-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (720-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (709-1).

[0212] For example, the third transistor (721-3) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (720-2). For example, the third transistor (721-3) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the third transistor (721-3) may include a third gate electrode (722-3) electrically connected to the second scan line (705-2). For example, the third transistor (721-3) may include a fifth electrode (723-3) electrically connected to the second data line (707-2). For example, the third transistor (721-3) may include a sixth electrode (724-3) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (720-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (720-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (709-2).

[0213] For example, the fourth transistor (721-4) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (720-2). For example, the fourth transistor (721-4) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the fourth transistor (721-4) may include a fourth gate electrode (722-4) electrically connected to the second scan line (705-2). For example, the fourth transistor (721-4) may include a seventh electrode (723-4) electrically connected to the second data line (707-2). For example, the fourth transistor (721-4) may include an eighth electrode (724-4) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (720-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (720-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (709-2).

[0214] For example, the first light-emitting element (720-1) of the second subpixel (702) may be placed on the first transistor (721-1) and the second transistor (721-2). Additionally, for example, the second light-emitting element (720-2) of the second subpixel (702) may be placed on the third transistor (721-3) and the fourth transistor (721-4). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (720-1) of the second subpixel (702) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (720-2) of the second subpixel (702). In the example of FIG. 7a, the first light-emitting element (720-1) and the second light-emitting element (720-2) may each be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (720-1) may be arranged to extend horizontally with respect to the second data line (707-2) on the first transistor (721-1) and the second transistor (721-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (720-2) may be arranged to extend horizontally with respect to the second data line (707-2) on the third transistor (721-3) and the fourth transistor (721-4).

[0215] For example, the third subpixel (703) may include a first light-emitting element (730-1) configured to emit light of the third color and a second light-emitting element (730-2) configured to emit light of the third color. For example, the third subpixel (703) may include a first transistor (731-1), a second transistor (731-2), a third transistor (731-3), and a fourth transistor (731-4).

[0216] For example, the first transistor (731-1) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (730-1). For example, the first transistor (731-1) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the first transistor (731-1) may include a first gate electrode (732-1) electrically connected to the first scan line (705-1). For example, the first transistor (731-1) may include a first electrode (733-1) electrically connected to the third data line (Data B) (707-3). For example, the first transistor (731-1) may include a second electrode (734-1) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (730-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (730-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (709-1).

[0217] For example, the second transistor (731-2) may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (730-1). For example, the second transistor (731-2) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the second transistor (731-2) may include a second gate electrode (732-2) electrically connected to the first scan line (705-1). For example, the second transistor (731-2) may include a third electrode (733-2) electrically connected to the third data line (707-3). For example, the second transistor (731-2) may include a fourth electrode (734-2) electrically connected to the first light-emitting element (730-1). For example, the first light-emitting element (730-1) may be electrically connected to the first light-emitting line (709-1).

[0218] For example, the third transistor (731-3) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (730-2). For example, the third transistor (731-3) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the third transistor (731-3) may include a third gate electrode (732-3) electrically connected to the second scan line (705-2). For example, the third transistor (731-3) may include a fifth electrode (733-3) electrically connected to the third data line (707-3). For example, the third transistor (731-3) may include a sixth electrode (734-3) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (730-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (730-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (709-2).

[0219] For example, the fourth transistor (731-4) may be a transistor for driving the second light-emitting element (730-2). For example, the fourth transistor (731-4) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the fourth transistor (731-4) may include a fourth gate electrode (732-4) electrically connected to the second scan line (705-2). For example, the fourth transistor (731-4) may include a seventh electrode (733-4) electrically connected to the third data line (707-3). For example, the fourth transistor (731-4) may include an eighth electrode (734-4) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (730-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (730-2) may be electrically connected to the second light-emitting line (709-2).

[0220] For example, the first light-emitting element (730-1) of the third subpixel (703) may be placed on the first transistor (731-1) and the second transistor (731-2). Additionally, for example, the second light-emitting element (730-2) of the third subpixel (703) may be placed on the third transistor (731-3) and the fourth transistor (731-4). For example, the size of the first light-emitting element (730-1) of the third subpixel (703) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the size of the second light-emitting element (730-2) of the third subpixel (703). In the example of FIG. 7a, the first light-emitting element (730-1) and the second light-emitting element (730-2) may each be extended in the horizontal direction. For example, the first light-emitting element (730-1) may be arranged to extend horizontally along the third data line (707-3) on the first transistor (731-1) and the second transistor (731-2). For example, the second light-emitting element (730-2) may be arranged to extend horizontally along the third data line (707-3) on the third transistor (731-3) and the fourth transistor (731-4).

[0221] Referring to FIG. 7a, the display driving circuit (220) may include a plurality of transistors for each of a plurality of light-emitting elements within a single subpixel. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may utilize a plurality of transistors that can be used to drive a single light-emitting element. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may apply a data voltage for an image to a plurality of transistors electrically connected to a single light-emitting element, and transmit a light-emitting signal to the light-emitting element electrically connected to the plurality of transistors, thereby causing the light-emitting element to emit light. As an example without limitation, while a single light-emitting element (e.g., a first light-emitting element (710-1)) emits light, the first transistor (711-1) and the second transistor (711-2) may be driven simultaneously. An example of driving related to the display panel (230) of FIG. 7a is described with reference to FIG. 7b.

[0222] FIG. 7b illustrates an example of driving a subpixel to express a single grayscale level using a plurality of light-emitting elements electrically connected to a plurality of transistors.

[0223] FIG. 7b illustrates an example of driving a first light-emitting element (710-1) and a second light-emitting element (710-2) of a first subpixel (701) of FIG. 7a, which is controlled by a display driving circuit (220). An example of driving (750) may represent an example of driving a first light-emitting element (710-1) of a first subpixel (701). An example of driving (760) may represent an example of driving a second light-emitting element (710-2) of a first subpixel (701). FIG. 7b illustrates examples of driving (750, 760) of the first light-emitting element (710-1) and the second light-emitting element (710-2) of a first subpixel (701), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The examples of driving (750, 760) may be applied substantially the same way to each of the second subpixel (702) and the third subpixel (703).

[0224] Referring to FIG. 7b, a frame (740) is exemplified. For example, the frame (740) may correspond to the period in which a vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) is transmitted (or, generated). As a non-limiting example, if the transmission period (or, generation period) of the vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) (or, display driving circuit (220)) is 60 Hz, the length of the frame (740) may be 1 / 60.

[0225] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use a first light-emitting element (710-1) and a second light-emitting element (710-2) to display a portion of an image having the first grayscale level for the first color. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit the first light-emitting element (710-1) for at least a portion of a first time interval (750-1) within a frame (740), and control the display panel (230) to emit the second light-emitting element (710-2) for at least a portion of a second time interval (760-1) that overlaps with the first time interval (750-1) within the frame (740).

[0226] Referring to the driving example (750), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a first PWM signal to the first subpixel (701) (or the first light-emitting element (710-1)) for PWM driving of the first light-emitting element (710-1) of the first subpixel (701). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the first PWM signal to the first subpixel (701) (or the first light-emitting element (710-1)) through the first data line (709-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (701) (or the first light-emitting element (710-1)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the first PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 7b, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the first transistor (711-1) (or, first gate electrode (712-1)) and / or the second transistor (711-2) (or, second gate electrode (712-2)) of the first subpixel (701) through the first scan line (705-1). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the first transistor (711-1) (or, first electrode (713-1)) and / or the second transistor (711-2) (or, third electrode (713-2)) of the first subpixel (701) through the first data line (707-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (701) (or the first light-emitting element (710-1)) to which the data voltage is applied through the first transistor (711-1) and / or the second transistor (711-2) driven according to the scan signal may emit light according to the provided first PWM signal.

[0227] For example, the first PWM signal may include a first bit sequence defined by a first set of subfields. For example, the first bit sequence may include 8 bits (e.g., '00000000' to '11111111'). In a driving example (750) that is not limited to, the subfields in the first set may include a subfield (751) indicating one light emission period, a subfield (752) indicating two light emission periods, a subfield (753) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (754) indicating thirty-two light emission periods, a subfield (755) indicating four light emission periods, a subfield (756) indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield (757) indicating sixteen light emission periods, and a subfield (758) indicating thirty-two light emission periods. In the driving example (750), the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (753) and the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (758) may be divided (or included in the 128 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (148) shown in FIG. 1a. Also, in the driving example (750), the 16 light-emitting periods represented by the first set of subfields (757) may be divided (or included in the 64 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (147) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0228] In the driving example (750), the number of subfields in the first set, the order of the subfields, and the types of the subfields may be changed.

[0229] For example, the first light-emitting element (710-1) may emit light for at least a portion of the first time interval (750-1) within the frame (740) as the first PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the first time interval (750-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the first PWM signal (or the first bit sequence). For example, the first light-emitting element (710-1) may refrain from emitting light during a third time interval (750-2) that is distinct from the first time interval (750-1) within the frame (740). For example, the length of the third time interval (750-2) may correspond to the length of 128 light-emitting periods.

[0230] Referring to the driving example (760), the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) a second PWM signal to the first subpixel (701) (or the second light-emitting element (710-2)) for PWM driving of the second light-emitting element (710-2) of the first subpixel (701). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit) the second PWM signal to the first subpixel (701) (or the second light-emitting element (710-2)) through the first data line (709-1). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) so that the first subpixel (701) (or the second light-emitting element (710-2)) is driven according to the PWM technique based on the second PWM signal. Although not illustrated in FIG. 7b, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit, apply) a scan signal to the third transistor (711-3) (or third gate electrode (712-3)) and / or the fourth transistor (711-4) (or the fourth gate electrode (712-4)) of the first subpixel (701) through the second scan line (705-2). Additionally, the display driving circuit (220) may provide (or transmit, apply) a data voltage to the third transistor (711-3) (or fifth electrode (713-3)) and / or the fourth transistor (711-4) (or seventh electrode (713-4)) of the first subpixel (701) through the first data line (707-1). Accordingly, the first subpixel (701) (or the second light-emitting element (710-2)) to which the data voltage is applied through the third transistor (711-3) and / or the fourth transistor (711-4) driven according to the scan signal may emit light according to the provided second PWM signal.

[0231] For example, the second PWM signal may include a second bit sequence defined by a second set of subfields. For example, the second bit sequence may include 6 bits (e.g., '000000' to '111111'). As a non-limiting example, in the driving example (760), the subfields in the second set may include a subfield (761) indicating 16 light-emitting periods, a subfield (762) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, a subfield (763) indicating 16 light-emitting periods, a subfield (764) indicating 16 light-emitting periods, a subfield (765) indicating 32 light-emitting periods, and a subfield (766) indicating 16 light-emitting periods. In the driving example (760), the 16 light-emitting periods represented by the second set of subfields (761), the 16 light-emitting periods represented by the second set of subfields (763), and the 16 light-emitting periods represented by the second set of subfields (766) may be divided (or included in the 64 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (147) shown in FIG. 1a. Also, in the driving example (760), the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the second set of subfields (762) and the 32 light-emitting periods represented by the second set of subfields (765) may be divided (or included in the 128 light-emitting periods) represented by the subfield (148) shown in FIG. 1a.

[0232] In the driving example (760), the number of subfields in the second set, the order of the subfields, and the types of the subfields may be changed.

[0233] For example, the second light-emitting element (710-2) may emit light for at least a portion of the second time interval (760-1) within the frame (740) as the second PWM signal is provided. By example, without limitation, the at least portion of the second time interval (760-1) may be determined by at least one bit, which is one of the bits of the second PWM signal (or the second bit sequence). For example, the second light-emitting element (710-2) may refrain from emitting light during a fourth time interval (760-2) that is distinct from the second time interval (760-1) within the frame (740). For example, the length of the fourth time interval (760-2) may correspond to the length of 127 light-emitting periods. Accordingly, the length of the second time interval (760-1) may be longer than the length of the first time interval (740-1).

[0234] Referring to FIG. 7b, each of the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal of FIG. 7b may include a bit sequence defined by a subfield corresponding to at least a portion divided from a pulse having a length corresponding to 128 light emission periods (e.g., a portion (or bit) of a PWM signal defined by a subfield (148) indicating 128 light emission periods). Additionally, the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal of FIG. 7b may include a bit sequence defined by a subfield corresponding to at least a portion divided from a pulse having a length corresponding to 64 light emission periods (e.g., a portion (or bit) of a PWM signal defined by a subfield (147) indicating 64 light emission periods).

[0235] In the example described above, the driving example of FIG. 7b is described as being performed by the display panel (230) of FIG. 7a, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display driving circuit (220) can control the display panel (230) of FIG. 3a, the display panel (230) of FIG. 4a, or the display panel (230) of FIG. 4b to perform the driving example exemplified in FIG. 7b.

[0236] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a display panel configured to cause a diffusion effect for suppressing DFC.

[0237] FIG. 8 illustrates examples (801, 802) of a display panel (230) that further includes a structure causing the diffusion effect to suppress the DFC. For example, the diffusion effect may exhibit an effect where light emitted by the display panel (230) (or the waveguide of the display panel (230)) described in FIG. 3c is blurred.

[0238] Referring to FIG. 8, the display panel (230) may include a silicon substrate (810), an encapsulation layer (820), a first light-emitting element (310-1), a second light-emitting element (310-2), an electrode layer (890), support members (835-1, 835-2), and a filling material (830). In FIG. 8, a stacked structure of the display panel (230) corresponding to one subpixel (e.g., a first subpixel (301)) is shown, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the examples (801, 802) of FIG. 8 may be applied substantially the same way to other subpixels of the display panel (230) (e.g., a second subpixel (302), a third subpixel (302)), or to each of the pixels of the display panel (230).

[0239] For example, the silicon substrate (810) may be a layer on which a plurality of layers are arranged. The silicon substrate (810) may be referred to as a basis layer. As an example, without limitation, the silicon substrate (810) may be formed from a wafer made of silicon.

[0240] For example, the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) may be placed on a silicon substrate (810). For example, each of the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) may be placed on one side of the silicon substrate (810). Although not shown in FIG. 8, the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) may include at least one transistor. In other words, the at least one transistor may be a transistor for driving the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) (e.g., the first transistor (311-1) or the second transistor (311-2)).

[0241] For example, the encapsulation layer (820) may be placed above the silicon substrate (810). For example, an air layer may be formed between the encapsulation layer (820) and the silicon substrate (810) (or, the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2)). For example, the encapsulation layer (820) may be supported by support members (835-1, 835-2). For example, the support members (835-1, 835-2) may be placed above the silicon substrate (810) and used to support the encapsulation layer (820).

[0242] For example, the electrode layer (890) may be disposed on at least a portion of the silicon substrate (810). For example, the electrode layer (890) may be disposed on the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2). For example, the electrode layer (890) may extend from the at least portion of the silicon substrate (810) to the first light-emitting element (310-1) (and the second light-emitting element (310-2)). For example, the electrode layer (890) may be disposed under the support members (835-1, 835-2). Accordingly, the support members (835-1, 835-2) may be disposed on the electrode layer (890). For example, the electrode layer (890) may be used as a common electrode for each of the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2). In FIG. 8, a structure is illustrated in which a continuous electrode layer (890) may be used as a common electrode for both the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, each of the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) may be electrically connected to a distinct common electrode, wherein the distinct common electrode may be part of the discontinuous electrode layer (890). Specific details regarding the common electrode are described below with reference to FIG. 9.

[0243] For example, the filling material (830) may be located between the encapsulation layer (820) and the silicon substrate (810). For example, the filling material (830) may be located within the space defined by the encapsulation layer (820), the electrode layer (890), and the support members (835-1, 835-2). For example, the filling material (830) may be formed of an organic material. As an example without limitation, the organic material may include the air layer (or air). For example, the filling material (830) may include an organic material for flattening between the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) (or subpixel, pixel) and the encapsulation layer (820).

[0244] Referring to example (801), the display panel (230) may further include a diffusing material (840) for the diffusion effect. For example, the diffusing material (840) may be used to diffuse light emitted from the first light-emitting element (310-1) and the second light-emitting element (310-2) (or subpixels, pixels). As an example, but not limited to, the diffusing material (840) may be included in the filling material (830). In other words, the diffusing material (840) may be dispersed and located within the filling material (830). For example, the diffusing material (840) may be formed from an inorganic material. As an example, but not limited to, the inorganic material may include TiO2. For example, the refractive index of the diffusing material (840) may be different from the refractive index of the filling material (830). For example, the refractive index of the diffusing material (840) may be higher than the refractive index of the filling material (830). As a non-limiting example, the refractive index of the diffusing material (840) may be about 2.0 to 2.5. As a non-limiting example, the refractive index of the filling material (830) may be about 1.5.

[0245] Referring to example (802), the display panel (230) may further include a diffusion film (850) for the diffusion effect. For example, the diffusion film (850) may be used to diffuse light emitted from a first light-emitting element (310-1) and a second light-emitting element (310-2) (or subpixel, pixel). For example, the diffusion film (850) may be referred to as a diffusion layer. For example, the diffusion film (850) may be placed on an encapsulation layer (820). In other words, the diffusion film (850) may be placed on one side of the encapsulation layer (820). For example, the diffusion film (850) may be formed of an inorganic material. As an example, but not limited to, the inorganic material may include TiO2. For example, the refractive index of the diffusion film (850) may be different from the refractive index of the filler material (830). For example, the refractive index of the diffusion film (850) may be higher than the refractive index of the filler material (830). As a non-limiting example, the refractive index of the diffusion film (850) may be about 2.0 to 2.5. As a non-limiting example, the refractive index of the filler material (830) may be about 1.5.

[0246] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a display panel in which the common electrodes of light-emitting elements within a single subpixel are electrically connected.

[0247] FIG. 9 illustrates an example (901) of a display panel (230) in which the common electrodes of light-emitting elements within one subpixel are electrically separated, and an example (902) of a display panel (230) in which the common electrodes of light-emitting elements within one subpixel are electrically connected.

[0248] Referring to FIG. 9, the display panel (230) may include a silicon substrate (900), a first light-emitting element (910) configured to emit light for a first color, a second light-emitting element (920) configured to emit light for the first color, a first light-emitting element (930) configured to emit light for the second color, a second light-emitting element (940) configured to emit light for the second color, a first light-emitting element (950) configured to emit light for a third color, a second light-emitting element (960) configured to emit light for the third color, and a common electrode (970).

[0249] For example, the silicon substrate (900) may be an example of the silicon substrate (810) of FIG. 8. The specific details regarding the silicon substrate (900) may be substantially the same as the details regarding the silicon substrate (810).

[0250] For example, the first light-emitting element (910) and the second light-emitting element (920) may be included in the subpixel for the first color (e.g., the first subpixel (301)). Additionally, for example, the first light-emitting element (930) and the second light-emitting element (940) may be included in the subpixel for the second color (e.g., the second subpixel (302)). Additionally, for example, the first light-emitting element (950) and the second light-emitting element (960) may be included in the subpixel for the third color (e.g., the third subpixel (303)).

[0251] For example, the common electrode (970) may be electrically connected to each of the first light-emitting element (910), the second light-emitting element (920), the first light-emitting element (930), the second light-emitting element (940), the first light-emitting element (950), and the second light-emitting element (960). For example, the common electrode (970) may be used to define a level (or value) of data voltage to be applied to the light-emitting element. For example, the level (or value) of the data voltage may be determined by the difference between the voltage applied to the common electrode (970) and the voltage applied to the electrode electrically connected to the light-emitting element.

[0252] Referring to example (901), each light-emitting element of the display panel (230) may be electrically connected to an electrode for applying a data voltage. For example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (911) electrically connected to a first light-emitting element (910). Also, for example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (921) electrically connected to a second light-emitting element (920). Also, for example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (931) electrically connected to a first light-emitting element (930). Also, for example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (941) electrically connected to a second light-emitting element (940). Also, for example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (951) electrically connected to a first light-emitting element (950). Additionally, for example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (961) electrically connected to the second light-emitting element (960).

[0253] In example (901), the electrodes electrically connected to each light-emitting element can be separated (or distinguished) even within a single subpixel. In other words, electrodes corresponding to the light-emitting elements within a single subpixel can be included within the display panel (230).

[0254] Alternatively, referring to example (902), light-emitting elements within subpixels of a display panel (230) may be electrically connected to electrodes for applying data voltage. For example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (915) electrically connected to each of a first light-emitting element (910) and a second light-emitting element (920). Additionally, for example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (935) electrically connected to each of a first light-emitting element (930) and a second light-emitting element (940). Additionally, for example, the display panel (230) may include an electrode (965) electrically connected to each of a first light-emitting element (950) and a second light-emitting element (960).

[0255] In example (902), light-emitting elements within each subpixel can be electrically connected to one electrode of each subpixel. In other words, an electrode corresponding to the light-emitting elements within one subpixel can be included in the display panel (230). As described above, each of the electrodes (915), electrode (935), and electrode (965) can be used together with the common electrode (970) to determine the data voltage to be applied to the light-emitting elements within each subpixel.

[0256] FIG. 10a illustrates an example of a pixel comprising subpixels configured to emit light of the same color.

[0257] FIG. 10a illustrates examples (1000-1, 1000-2) of multiple subpixels of one pixel among a plurality of pixels included in a display panel (230) of an electronic device (200). Example (1000-1) illustrates a display panel (230) comprising a first subpixel (1001) configured to emit light of a first color of one pixel, a second subpixel (1002) configured to emit light of a second color, and a third subpixel (1003) configured to emit light of a third color. Example (1000-2) illustrates a display panel (230) comprising a first subpixel (1001) configured to emit light of a first color of one pixel, a second subpixel (1002) configured to emit light of a second color, and a third subpixel (1003) configured to emit light of a third color, and further comprising a fourth subpixel (1004) configured to emit light of the first color.

[0258] Referring to Example (1000-1), the display panel (230) may include one light-emitting element within one subpixel. The display panel (230) including the subpixels (1001, 1002, 1003) of Example (1000-1) may be an example of the display panel (100) including the subpixels (101, 102, 103) of FIG. 1A.

[0259] Referring to example (1000-1), the display panel (230) may include a scan line (Scan) (1005) connected (or electrically connected) to a plurality of subpixels (1001, 1002, 1003), a plurality of data lines (Data R, Data G, Data B) (1007-1, 1007-2, 1007-3), and an emitting line (EM pulse) (1009). For example, the scan line (1005) may be used to provide a scan signal for driving a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, each of the plurality of data lines (1007-1, 1007-2, 1007-3) may be used to provide a data voltage to be applied to a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, the data voltage may be applied (or provided) to a light-emitting element through a transistor. For example, the light-emitting line (1009) may be used to provide a PWM signal to the light-emitting element to control the time (or light-emitting period) during which the light-emitting element within the subpixel emits light.

[0260] For example, the first subpixel (1001) may include a light-emitting element (1010) configured to emit light of the first color. For example, the first subpixel (1001) may include a transistor (1011). For example, the transistor (1011) may be a transistor for driving the light-emitting element (1010). For example, the transistor (1011) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the transistor (1011) may include a gate electrode (1012) electrically connected to a scan line (1005). For example, the transistor (1011) may include an electrode (1013) electrically connected to a first data line (Data R) (1007-1). For example, the transistor (1011) may include an electrode (1014) electrically connected to the light-emitting element (1010). For example, the light-emitting element (1010) can be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (1009).

[0261] For example, the second subpixel (1002) may include a light-emitting element (1020) configured to emit light of the second color. For example, the second subpixel (1002) may include a transistor (1021). For example, the transistor (1021) may be a transistor for driving the light-emitting element (1020). For example, the transistor (1021) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the transistor (1021) may include a gate electrode (1022) electrically connected to a scan line (1005). For example, the transistor (1021) may include an electrode (1023) electrically connected to a second data line (Data G) (1007-2). For example, the transistor (1021) may include an electrode (1024) electrically connected to the light-emitting element (1020). For example, the light-emitting element (1020) can be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (1009).

[0262] For example, the third subpixel (1003) may include a light-emitting element (1030) configured to emit light of the third color. For example, the third subpixel (1003) may include a transistor (1031). For example, the transistor (1031) may be a transistor for driving the light-emitting element (1030). For example, the transistor (1031) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the transistor (1031) may include a gate electrode (1032) electrically connected to a scan line (1005). For example, the transistor (1031) may include an electrode (1033) electrically connected to a third data line (Data B) (1007-3). For example, the transistor (1031) may include an electrode (1034) electrically connected to the light-emitting element (1030). For example, the light-emitting element (1030) can be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (1009).

[0263] Referring to Example (1000-2), the display panel (230) may include one light-emitting element within one subpixel. Unlike Example (1000-1), the display panel (230) illustrated in Example (1000-2) may include a plurality of subpixels within one pixel configured to emit light of the same color (e.g., the first color).

[0264] Referring to example (1000-2), the display panel (230) may include a scan line (Scan) (1005) connected (or electrically connected) to a plurality of subpixels (1001, 1002, 1003, 1004), a plurality of data lines (Data R, Data G, Data B, Data R') (1007-1, 1007-2, 1007-3, 1007-4), and an emitting line (EM pulse) (1009). For example, the scan line (1005) may be used to provide a scan signal for driving a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, each of the plurality of data lines (1007-1, 1007-2, 1007-3, 1007-4) may be used to provide a data voltage to be applied to a transistor (or a gate electrode within a transistor) of a subpixel. For example, the data voltage may be applied (or provided) to a light-emitting element through a transistor. For example, the light-emitting line (1009) may be used to provide a PWM signal to the light-emitting element to control the time (or light-emitting period) during which the light-emitting element within the subpixel emits light.

[0265] The description of each of the first subpixel (1001), second subpixel (1002), and third subpixel (1003) shown in Example (1000-2) may be applied substantially the same as the description of each of the first subpixel (1001), second subpixel (1002), and third subpixel (1003) in Example (1000-1).

[0266] Referring to example (1000-2), the fourth subpixel (1004) may include a light-emitting element (1040) configured to emit light of the first color. For example, the fourth subpixel (1004) may include a transistor (1041). For example, the transistor (1041) may be a transistor for driving the light-emitting element (1040). For example, the transistor (1041) may be referred to as a driving transistor. For example, the transistor (1041) may include a gate electrode (1042) electrically connected to a scan line (1005). For example, the transistor (1041) may include an electrode (1043) electrically connected to a fourth data line (Data R') (1007-4). For example, the transistor (1041) may include an electrode (1044) electrically connected to the light-emitting element (1040). For example, the light-emitting element (1040) can be electrically connected to the light-emitting line (1009).

[0267] Blurring (or color dragging) may be caused in a display panel (230) by multiple subpixels configured to emit light of different colors within a single pixel. To suppress blurring as described above, a display driving circuit (220) may control a display panel (230) that includes multiple subpixels configured to emit light of the same color within a single pixel. Specific details of the driving for suppressing blurring will be explained below with reference to FIG. 10b.

[0268] FIG. 10b illustrates an example of the light emission period driven by subpixels within the pixel of FIG. 10a.

[0269] FIG. 10b illustrates an example (1050) of driving subpixels (1001, 1002, 1003) (or light-emitting elements (1010, 1020, 1030)) within one pixel of a display panel (230) shown in example (1000-1) of FIG. 10a, and an example (1060) of driving subpixels (1001, 1002, 1003, 1004) (or light-emitting elements (1010, 1020, 1030, 1040)) within one pixel of a display panel (230) shown in example (1000-2) of FIG. 10a.

[0270] Referring to the driving example (1050), a frame (1059) is exemplified. For example, the frame (1059) may correspond to the period in which a vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) is transmitted (or, generated). As a non-limiting example, if the transmission period (or, generation period) of the vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) (or, display driving circuit (220)) is 60 Hz, the length of the frame (1059) may be 1 / 60.

[0271] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use subpixels (1001, 1002, 1003) (or light-emitting elements (1010, 1020, 1030)) to display a portion of an image corresponding to a pixel. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the subpixels (or light-emitting elements) to emit light for different lengths of light-emitting periods to express the same grayscale level according to the color of the subpixels within the pixel. As an example without limitation, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit light from the light-emitting element (1010) during a first time interval (1051) within the frame (1059) to express the maximum grayscale level (e.g., 255) of the first color. As a non-limiting example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit light from the light-emitting element (1020) during a second time interval (1052) within the frame (1059) to express the maximum grayscale level (e.g., 255) of the second color. As a non-limiting example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit light from the light-emitting element (1030) during a third time interval (1053) within the frame (1059) to express the maximum grayscale level (e.g., 255) of the third color. As described above, when expressing the same grayscale level, different light-emitting times are used for each color, which may be due to the different light-emitting efficiencies of the light-emitting elements. In other words, the first color light-emitting element (1010) has a lower efficiency than the second color light-emitting element (1020) and the third color light-emitting element (1030), so it can emit light for a longer time to express the same gradation level.

[0272] Referring to the driving example (1050), the length of the second time interval (1052) may be shorter than the length of the first time interval (1051). Additionally, the length of the third time interval (1053) may be shorter than the length of the first time interval (1051). As a non-limiting example, the length of the second time interval (1052) may be substantially the same as (or correspond to) the length of the third time interval (1053). For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to refrain from emitting light from the light-emitting element (1020) and the light-emitting element (1030) during the time interval (1057) within the frame (1050).

[0273] As illustrated in the driving example (1050), since the first color light-emitting element (1010) emits light for a longer time than the second color light-emitting element (1020) and the third color light-emitting element (1030), there is a high probability that blurring will be perceived by a user looking at the display panel (230) within the time interval (1057) of the frame (1059). In other words, the user may perceive the time interval (1057) within the frame (1059) in which the second color light-emitting element (1020) and the third color light-emitting element (1030) are turned off (or do not emit light). To solve the above problem, the display driving circuit (220) may further utilize an additional subpixel (1004) along with the first color subpixel (1001). A method for further driving the subpixel (1004) is described with reference to the driving example (1060).

[0274] Referring to the driving example (1060), a frame (1069) is exemplified. For example, the frame (1069) may correspond to the period in which a vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) is transmitted (or, generated). As a non-limiting example, if the transmission period (or, generation period) of the vertical synchronization signal used in the display panel (230) (or, display driving circuit (220)) is 60 Hz, the length of the frame (1069) may be 1 / 60.

[0275] For example, the display driving circuit (220) may use subpixels (1001, 1002, 1003, 1004) (or light-emitting elements (1010, 1020, 1030, 1040)) to display a portion of an image corresponding to a pixel. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the subpixels (or light-emitting elements) to emit light for different lengths of light-emitting periods to express the same grayscale level according to the color of the subpixels within the pixel. As a non-limiting example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit a light-emitting element (1010) during a first time interval (1061) within the frame (1069) to express the maximum grayscale level (e.g., 255) of the first color, and may control the display panel (230) to emit a light-emitting element (1040) during a fourth time interval (1064) within the frame (1069). As a non-limiting example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to emit a light-emitting element (1020) during a second time interval (1062) within the frame (1069) to express the maximum grayscale level (e.g., 255) of the second color. As an example not limited to, the display driving circuit (220) can control the display panel (230) to emit light from the light-emitting element (1030) during a third time interval (1063) within the frame (1069) to express the maximum gradation level (e.g., 255) of the third color.

[0276] Unlike in driving example (1050), in driving example (1060), the display driving circuit (220) can drive the first subpixel (1001) (or light-emitting element (1010)) as well as the fourth subpixel (1004) (or light-emitting element (1040)) together to express the maximum grayscale level of the first color. Referring to driving example (1060), the lengths of the first time interval (1061), the second time interval (1062), the third time interval (1063), and the fourth time interval (1064) may be substantially the same as each other. By example, without limitation, the length of the first time interval (1061) may correspond to 127 (= 1+2+4+8+16+32+64) light-emitting periods, and the length of the fourth time interval (1064) may correspond to 128 light-emitting periods. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the first time interval (1061) and the fourth time interval (1064) defined by a PWM signal may be adjusted (or changed, set) by the number, type, and order of subfields within the set, as described in FIG. 3b, FIG. 5a, FIG. 5b, and FIG. 6. For example, the display driving circuit (220) may control the display panel (230) to refrain from emitting light from the light-emitting element (1010), light-emitting element (1020), light-emitting element (1030), and light-emitting element (1040) during the time interval (1067) within the frame (1060).

[0277] As illustrated in the driving example (1060), the display driving circuit (220) can control the light emission times of subpixels (1001, 1002, 1003, 1004) within a single pixel to be substantially equal by using additional subpixels (1004). Accordingly, the likelihood of blurring being perceived by the user can be reduced.

[0278] The effects obtainable from the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0279] FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to various embodiments.

[0280] Referring to FIG. 11, in a network environment (1100), an electronic device (1101) may communicate with an electronic device (1102) through a first network (1198) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network) or with at least one of an electronic device (1104) or a server (1108) through a second network (1199) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (1101) may communicate with the electronic device (1104) through a server (1108). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (1101) may include a processor (1120), memory (1130), input module (1150), sound output module (1155), display module (1160), audio module (1170), sensor module (1176), interface (1177), connection terminal (1178), haptic module (1179), camera module (1180), power management module (1188), battery (1189), communication module (1190), subscriber identification module (1196), or antenna module (1197). In some embodiments, at least one of these components (e.g., connection terminal (1178)) may be omitted from the electronic device (1101), or one or more other components may be added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., sensor module (1176), camera module (1180), or antenna module (1197)) may be integrated into a single component (e.g., display module (1160)).

[0281] The processor (1120) can, for example, execute software (e.g., program (1140)) to control at least one other component (e.g., hardware or software component) of the electronic device (1101) connected to the processor (1120) and perform various data processing or operations. According to one embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or operations, the processor (1120) can store commands or data received from other components (e.g., sensor module (1176) or communication module (1190)) in volatile memory (1132), process the commands or data stored in volatile memory (1132), and store the resulting data in non-volatile memory (1134). According to one embodiment, the processor (1120) may include a main processor (1121) (e.g., a central processing unit or an application processor) or an auxiliary processor (1123) that can operate independently or together with it (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor). For example, if the electronic device (1101) includes a main processor (1121) and an auxiliary processor (1123), the auxiliary processor (1123) may be configured to use less power than the main processor (1121) or to be specialized for a designated function. The auxiliary processor (1123) may be implemented separately from the main processor (1121) or as part thereof.

[0282] The auxiliary processor (1123) may control at least some of the functions or states associated with at least one component of the electronic device (1101) (e.g., display module (1160), sensor module (1176), or communication module (1190)) on behalf of the main processor (1121) while the main processor (1121) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (1121) while the main processor (1121) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. According to one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (1123) (e.g., image signal processor or communication processor) may be implemented as part of another functionally related component (e.g., camera module (1180) or communication module (1190)). According to one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (1123) (e.g., neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing an artificial intelligence model. The artificial intelligence model may be generated through machine learning. Such learning may be performed, for example, on the electronic device (1101) itself where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or through a separate server (e.g., server (1108)). The learning algorithm may include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. The artificial intelligence model may include a plurality of artificial neural network layers.An artificial neural network may be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to the hardware structure, the artificial intelligence model may include a software structure, either additionally or substantially.

[0283] The memory (1130) can store various data used by at least one component of the electronic device (1101) (e.g., processor (1120) or sensor module (1176)). The data may include, for example, software (e.g., program (1140)) and input or output data for related commands. The memory (1130) may include volatile memory (1132) or non-volatile memory (1134).

[0284] The program (1140) may be stored as software in memory (1130) and may include, for example, an operating system (1142), middleware (1144), or an application (1146).

[0285] The input module (1150) can receive commands or data to be used for a component of the electronic device (1101) (e.g., processor (1120)) from outside the electronic device (1101) (e.g., user). The input module (1150) may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0286] The sound output module (1155) can output a sound signal to the outside of the electronic device (1101). The sound output module (1155) may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker may be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver may be used to receive incoming calls. According to one embodiment, the receiver may be implemented separately from the speaker or as part thereof.

[0287] The display module (1160) can visually provide information to an external (e.g., user) of the electronic device (1101). The display module (1160) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector and a control circuit for controlling said device. According to one embodiment, the display module (1160) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of the force generated by said touch.

[0288] The audio module (1170) can convert sound into an electrical signal or, conversely, convert an electrical signal into sound. According to one embodiment, the audio module (1170) can acquire sound through the input module (1150) or output sound through the sound output module (1155) or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1102)) (e.g., speaker or headphones) connected directly or wirelessly to the electronic device (1101).

[0289] The sensor module (1176) can detect the operating state of the electronic device (1101) (e.g., power or temperature) or the external environmental state (e.g., user state) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (1176) may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an accelerometer sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biosensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0290] The interface (1177) may support one or more specified protocols that can be used for the electronic device (1101) to be connected directly or wirelessly to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1102)). According to one embodiment, the interface (1177) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0291] The connection terminal (1178) may include a connector through which the electronic device (1101) can be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1102)). According to one embodiment, the connection terminal (1178) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0292] The haptic module (1179) can convert an electrical signal into a mechanical stimulus (e.g., vibration or movement) or an electrical stimulus that can be perceived by the user through tactile or kinesthetic senses. According to one embodiment, the haptic module (1179) may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electric stimulation device.

[0293] The camera module (1180) can capture still images and video. According to one embodiment, the camera module (1180) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0294] The power management module (1188) can manage power supplied to the electronic device (1101). According to one embodiment, the power management module (1188) can be implemented, for example, as at least part of a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0295] The battery (1189) can supply power to at least one component of the electronic device (1101). According to one embodiment, the battery (1189) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0296] The communication module (1190) can support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between an electronic device (1101) and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1102), electronic device (1104), or server (1108)), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (1190) may include one or more communication processors that operate independently of the processor (1120) (e.g., application processor) and support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (1190) may include a wireless communication module (1192) (e.g., cellular communication module, short-range wireless communication module, or GNSS (global navigation satellite system) communication module) or a wired communication module (1194) (e.g., LAN (local area network) communication module, or power line communication module). The corresponding communication module among these communication modules can communicate with an external electronic device (1104) through a first network (1198) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, WiFi (wireless fidelity) direct, or IrDA (infrared data association)) or a second network (1199) (e.g., a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a LAN or WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (1192) can identify or authenticate the electronic device (1101) within a communication network such as the first network (1198) or the second network (1199) using subscriber information (e.g., International Mobile Subscriber Identifier (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (1196).

[0297] The wireless communication module (1192) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following 4G networks, for example, new radio access technology. NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)), minimization of terminal power and connection of multiple terminals (massive machine type communications (mMTC)), or high reliability and low latency (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC)). The wireless communication module (1192) can support a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate, for example. The wireless communication module (1192) can support various technologies for securing performance in the high-frequency band, such as beamforming, massive MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large-scale antenna. The wireless communication module (1192) can support various requirements specified in the electronic device (1101), external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1104)), or network system (e.g., second network (1199)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (1192) may support a Peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for eMBB realization, loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for mMTC realization, or U-plane latency (e.g., downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) each 0.5 ms or less, or round trip 1 ms or less) for URLLC realization.

[0298] An antenna module (1197) can transmit a signal or power to or from an external source (e.g., an external electronic device). According to one embodiment, the antenna module (1197) may include an antenna comprising a radiator made of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). According to one embodiment, the antenna module (1197) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as a first network (1198) or a second network (1199), may be selected from the plurality of antennas, for example, by a communication module (1190). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (1190) and an external electronic device through the selected at least one antenna. According to some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, other components (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as part of the antenna module (1197).

[0299] According to various embodiments, the antenna module (1197) may form a mmWave antenna module. According to one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent to a first surface (e.g., bottom surface) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a specified high frequency band (e.g., mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas) disposed on or adjacent to a second surface (e.g., top surface or side surface) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving a signal of the specified high frequency band.

[0300] At least some of the above components can be connected to each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)) and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other.

[0301] According to one embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device (1101) and an external electronic device (1104) through a server (1108) connected to a second network (1199). Each of the external electronic devices (1102, or 1104) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (1101). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations performed on the electronic device (1101) may be performed on one or more of the external electronic devices (1102, 1104, or 1108). For example, if the electronic device (1101) needs to perform a function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (1101) may request one or more external electronic devices to perform at least part of the function or service instead of performing the function or service itself or additionally. One or more external electronic devices that receive the above request may execute at least part of the requested function or service, or additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (1101). The electronic device (1101) may provide the result as is or additionally processed as at least part of the response to the request. For this purpose, for example, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used. The electronic device (1101) may provide ultra-low latency services using, for example, distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In one embodiment, the external electronic device (1104) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (1108) may be an intelligent server using machine learning and / or neural networks.According to one embodiment, an external electronic device (1104) or server (1108) may be included within the second network (1199). The electronic device (1101) may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology.

[0302] For example, an external electronic device (1102) renders content data executed in an application and transmits it to an electronic device (1101), and the electronic device (1101) that receives the data can output the content data to a display module. If the electronic device (1101) detects user movement through an IMU sensor, etc., the processor (1120) of the electronic device (1101) can correct the rendering data received from the external electronic device (1102) based on the movement information and output it to a display module (1160). Alternatively, the external electronic device (1102) can transmit the movement information to request rendering so that screen data is updated accordingly. Depending on various embodiments, the external electronic device (1102) may be a device of various forms, such as a case device capable of storing and charging a smartphone or an electronic device (1101) (e.g., the electronic device (101) of FIG. 1a).

[0303] FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a display module according to various embodiments.

[0304] Referring to FIG. 12, the display module (1160) may include a display panel (1210) and a display driver IC (DDI) (1230) (or a display driving circuit (1230)) for controlling the display panel. The DDI (1230) may include an interface module (1231), a memory (1233) (e.g., a buffer memory), an image processing module (1235), or a mapping module (1237). The DDI (1230) may receive image information, including, for example, image data or an image control signal corresponding to a command for controlling the image data, from another component of the electronic device (1101) through the interface module (1231). For example, according to one embodiment, image information may be received from a processor (1120) (e.g., main processor (1121) (e.g., application processor)) or an auxiliary processor (1123) (e.g., graphics processing unit) that operates independently of the functions of the main processor (1121). The DDI (1230) may communicate with the touch circuit (1250) or sensor module (1176), etc., through the interface module (1231). Additionally, the DDI (1230) may store at least a portion of the received image information in memory (1233), for example, in frame units. The image processing module (1235) may perform preprocessing or postprocessing (e.g., resolution, brightness, or size adjustment) on at least a portion of the image data based at least on the characteristics of the image data or the characteristics of the display panel (1210), for example. The mapping module (1237) may obtain voltage values ​​or current values ​​corresponding to the image data preprocessed or postprocessed through the image processing module (1235). It can be generated. According to one embodiment, the generation of a voltage value or a current value can be performed, for example, based at least in part on the properties of the pixels of the display panel (1210) (e.g., array of pixels (RGB stripe or pentile structure), or the size of each of the subpixels).At least some pixels of the display panel (1210) are driven, for example, based on at least some of the voltage value or current value, so that visual information (e.g., text, image, or icon) corresponding to the image data can be displayed through the display panel (1210).

[0305] According to one embodiment, the display module (1160) may further include a touch circuit (1250). The touch circuit (1250) may include a touch sensor (1251) and a touch sensor IC (1253) for controlling the same. The touch sensor IC (1253) may control the touch sensor (1251) to detect a touch input or hovering input for a specific location on the display panel (1210), for example. For example, the touch sensor IC (1253) may detect a touch input or hovering input by measuring a change in a signal (e.g., voltage, light intensity, resistance, or charge) for a specific location on the display panel (1210). The touch sensor IC (1253) may provide information regarding the detected touch input or hovering input (e.g., location, area, pressure, or time) to the processor (1120). According to one embodiment, at least a part of the touch circuit (1250) (e.g., touch sensor IC (1253)) may be included as part of the display driver IC (1230) or the display panel (1210), or as part of another component (e.g., auxiliary processor (1123)) placed outside the display module (1160).

[0306] According to one embodiment, the display module (1160) may further include at least one sensor (e.g., fingerprint sensor, iris sensor, pressure sensor, or light sensor) of the sensor module (1176) or a control circuit for the same. In this case, the at least one sensor or the control circuit for the same may be embedded in a part of the display module (1160) (e.g., display panel (1210) or DDI (1230)) or a part of the touch circuit (1250). For example, if the sensor module (1176) embedded in the display module (1160) includes a biometric sensor (e.g., fingerprint sensor), the biometric sensor may acquire biometric information (e.g., fingerprint image) associated with a touch input through a part of the display panel (1210). As another example, if the sensor module (1176) embedded in the display module (1160) includes a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor can obtain pressure information associated with a touch input through a part or the entire area of ​​the display panel (1210). According to one embodiment, the touch sensor (1251) or the sensor module (1176) may be placed between pixels of a pixel layer of the display panel (1210), or above or below the pixel layer.

[0307] FIG. 13a illustrates an example of a perspective view of a wearable device. FIG. 13b illustrates an example of one or more hardware components arranged within the wearable device.

[0308] According to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) may have the form of glasses that are wearable on a part of a user's body (e.g., head). The wearable device (203) of FIG. 13a and FIG. 13b may be an example of the electronic device (200) of FIG. 2. The wearable device (203) may include a head-mounted display (HMD). For example, the housing of the wearable device (203) may include a flexible material such as rubber and / or silicone that has a shape that adheres to a part of the user's head (e.g., a part of the face covering both eyes). For example, the housing of the wearable device (203) may include one or more straps that can be twined around the user's head and / or one or more temples that are attachable to the ears of the head.

[0309] Referring to FIG. 13a, a wearable device (203) according to one embodiment may include at least one display (1350) and a frame (1300) supporting at least one display (1350).

[0310] According to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) may be worn on a part of the user's body. The wearable device (203) may provide augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), or mixed reality (MR) that combines augmented reality and virtual reality to the user wearing the wearable device (203). For example, the wearable device (203) may display a virtual reality image provided by at least one optical device (1382, 1384) of FIG. 13b on at least one display (1350) in response to a designated gesture of the user obtained through the motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3) of FIG. 13b.

[0311] According to one embodiment, at least one display (1350) can provide visual information to a user. For example, at least one display (1350) may include a transparent or translucent lens. At least one display (1350) may include a first display (1350-1) and / or a second display (1350-2) spaced apart from the first display (1350-1). For example, the first display (1350-1) and the second display (1350-2) may be positioned at locations corresponding to the user's left eye and right eye, respectively.

[0312] Referring to FIG. 13b, at least one display (1350) may provide visual information transmitted from external light to a user through a lens included in at least one display (1350) and other visual information distinct from said visual information. The lens may be formed based on at least one of a Fresnel lens, a pancake lens, or a multi-channel lens. For example, at least one display (1350) may include a first surface (1331) and a second surface (1332) opposite to the first surface (1331). A display area may be formed on the second surface (1332) of at least one display (1350). When a user wears the wearable device (203), external light may be transmitted to the user by being incident on the first surface (1331) and transmitted through the second surface (1332). As another example, at least one display (1350) can display an augmented reality image combined with a virtual reality image provided by at least one optical device (1382, 1384) on a real image transmitted through external light in a display area formed on a second surface (1332).

[0313] In one embodiment, at least one display (1350) may include at least one waveguide (1333, 1334) that diffracts light emitted from at least one optical device (1382, 1384) and transmits it to a user. At least one waveguide (1333, 1334) may be formed based on at least one of glass, plastic, or polymer. A nano pattern may be formed on the exterior or at least a portion of the interior of at least one waveguide (1333, 1334). The nano pattern may be formed based on a polygonal and / or curved grating structure. Light incident on one end of at least one waveguide (1333, 1334) may be propagated to the other end of at least one waveguide (1333, 1334) by the nano pattern. At least one waveguide (1333, 1334) may include at least one diffractive element (e.g., DOE (diffractive optical element), HOE (holographic optical element)) and at least one reflective element (e.g., a reflective mirror). For example, at least one waveguide (1333, 1334) may be placed within a wearable device (203) to guide a screen displayed by at least one display (1350) to the user's eye. For example, the screen may be transmitted to the user's eye based on total internal reflection (TIR) ​​occurring within at least one waveguide (1333, 1334).

[0314] A wearable device (203) can analyze an object included in a real-world image collected through a camera (1360-4), combine a virtual object corresponding to an object among the analyzed objects that is the target of augmented reality provision, and display it on at least one display (1350). The virtual object may include at least one of text and an image regarding various information related to the object included in the real-world image. The wearable device (203) can analyze the object based on a multi-camera such as a stereo camera. For the object analysis, the wearable device (203) can perform spatial recognition (e.g., SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping)) using a multi-camera and / or time-of-flight (ToF). A user wearing the wearable device (203) can view the image displayed on at least one display (1350).

[0315] According to one embodiment, the frame (1300) may be formed as a physical structure that allows the wearable device (203) to be worn on the user's body. According to one embodiment, the frame (1300) may be configured so that when the user wears the wearable device (203), the first display (1350-1) and the second display (1350-2) can be positioned corresponding to the user's left and right eyes. The frame (1300) may support at least one display (1350). For example, the frame (1300) may support the first display (1350-1) and the second display (1350-2) so that they are positioned corresponding to the user's left and right eyes.

[0316] Referring to FIG. 13a, the frame (1300) may include an area (1320) in which at least a portion of the frame contacts a part of the user's body when the user wears the wearable device (203). For example, the area (1320) of the frame (1300) in contact with a part of the user's body may include an area in contact with a part of the user's nose, a part of the user's ear, and a part of the side of the user's face that the wearable device (203) contacts. According to one embodiment, the frame (1300) may include a nose pad (1310) that contacts a part of the user's body. When the wearable device (203) is worn by the user, the nose pad (1310) may contact a part of the user's nose. The frame (1300) may include a first temple (1304) and a second temple (1305) that contact a different part of the user's body distinct from the part of the user's body.

[0317] For example, the frame (1300) may include a first rim (1301) covering at least a portion of a first display (1350-1), a second rim (1302) covering at least a portion of a second display (1350-2), a bridge (1303) positioned between the first rim (1301) and the second rim (1302), a first pad (1311) positioned along a portion of the edge of the first rim (1301) from one end of the bridge (1303), a second pad (1312) positioned along a portion of the edge of the second rim (1302) from the other end of the bridge (1303), a first temple (1304) extending from the first rim (1301) and fixed to a portion of the wearer's ear, and a second temple (1305) extending from the second rim (1302) and fixed to a portion of the ear opposite to the ear. The first pad (1311) and the second pad (1312) may come into contact with a part of the user's nose, and the first temple (1304) and the second temple (1305) may come into contact with a part of the user's face and a part of the ear. The temples (1304, 1305) may be rotatably connected to the rim through the hinge units (1306, 1307) of FIG. 13b. The first temple (1304) may be rotatably connected to the first rim (1301) through a first hinge unit (1306) positioned between the first rim (1301) and the first temple (1304). The second temple (1305) may be rotatably connected to the second rim (1302) through a second hinge unit (1307) disposed between the second rim (1302) and the second temple (1305). According to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) may identify an external object (e.g., a user's fingertip) touching the frame (1300) and / or a gesture performed by said external object by using a touch sensor, a grip sensor, and / or a proximity sensor formed on at least a portion of the surface of the frame (1300).

[0318] According to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) may include hardware that performs various functions (e.g., hardware shown in FIG. 2). For example, the hardware may include a battery module (1370), an antenna module (1375), at least one optical device (1382, 1384), speakers (e.g., speakers (1355-1, 1355-2)), a microphone (e.g., microphones (1365-1, 1365-2, 1365-3)), a light-emitting module (not shown), and / or a printed circuit board (1390) (e.g., a printed circuit board). The various hardware may be placed within a frame (1300).

[0319] According to one embodiment, a microphone (e.g., microphones (1365-1, 1365-2, 1365-3)) of a wearable device (203) is positioned on at least a portion of a frame (1300) to acquire a sound signal. A first microphone (1365-1) positioned on a bridge (1303), a second microphone (1365-2) positioned on a second rim (1302), and a third microphone (1365-3) positioned on a first rim (1301) are shown in FIG. 13b, but the number and position of the microphones (1365) are not limited to the embodiment of FIG. 13b. If there are two or more microphones (1365) included in the wearable device (203), the wearable device (203) can identify the direction of the sound signal using a plurality of microphones positioned on different portions of the frame (1300).

[0320] According to one embodiment, at least one optical device (1382, 1384) may project a virtual object onto at least one display (1350) to provide various image information to a user. For example, at least one optical device (1382, 1384) may be a projector. At least one optical device (1382, 1384) may be disposed adjacent to at least one display (1350) or included within at least one display (1350) as part of at least one display (1350). According to one embodiment, a wearable device (203) may include a first optical device (1382) corresponding to a first display (1350-1) and a second optical device (1384) corresponding to a second display (1350-2). For example, at least one optical device (1382, 1384) may include a first optical device (1382) positioned at the edge of a first display (1350-1) and a second optical device (1384) positioned at the edge of a second display (1350-2). The first optical device (1382) may transmit light to a first waveguide (1333) positioned on the first display (1350-1), and the second optical device (1384) may transmit light to a second waveguide (1334) positioned on the second display (1350-2).

[0321] In one embodiment, the camera (1360) may include a shooting camera (1360-4), an eye tracking camera (ET CAM) (1360-1), and / or a motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3). The shooting camera (1360-4), the eye tracking camera (1360-1), and the motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3) may be positioned at different locations on the frame (1300) and may perform different functions. The eye tracking camera (1360-1) may output data indicating the position of the eyes or the gaze of a user wearing the wearable device (203). For example, the wearable device (203) may detect the gaze from an image containing the user's pupils obtained through the eye tracking camera (1360-1). A wearable device (203) can identify an object focused by a user (e.g., a real object, and / or a virtual object) by using the user's gaze acquired through an eye-tracking camera (1360-1). Upon identifying the focused object, the wearable device (203) can perform a function for interaction between the user and the focused object (e.g., gaze interaction). The wearable device (203) can represent a portion corresponding to the eyes of an avatar representing the user in a virtual space by using the user's gaze acquired through the eye-tracking camera (1360-1). The wearable device (203) can render an image (or screen) displayed on at least one display (1350) based on the position of the user's eyes. For example, the visual quality of a first region associated with the gaze within the image and the visual quality of a second region distinct from the first region (e.g., resolution, brightness, saturation, grayscale, PPI) may differ from each other.The wearable device (203) can acquire an image having a visual quality of a first region and a visual quality of a second region that matches the user's gaze by using foveated rendering. For example, if the wearable device (203) supports an iris recognition function, user authentication can be performed based on iris information acquired using an eye-tracking camera (1360-1). An example in which the eye-tracking camera (1360-1) is positioned toward the user's right eye is shown in FIG. 13b, but the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the eye-tracking camera (1360-1) may be positioned alone toward the user's left eye or toward both eyes.

[0322] In one embodiment, the camera (1360-4) can capture a real image or background to be matched with a virtual image in order to implement augmented reality or mixed reality content. The camera (1360-4) can be used to acquire high-resolution images based on HR (high resolution) or PV (photo video). The camera (1360-4) can capture an image of a specific object located at the position viewed by the user and provide the image to at least one display (1350). The at least one display (1350) can display a single image in which information regarding a real image or background including the image of the specific object acquired using the camera (1360-4) and a virtual image provided through at least one optical device (1382, 1384) are superimposed. The wearable device (203) can compensate for depth information (e.g., distance between the wearable device (203) and an external object obtained through a depth sensor) using an image obtained through a shooting camera (1360-4). The wearable device (203) can perform object recognition using an image obtained through a shooting camera (1360-4). The wearable device (203) can perform a function of focusing on an object (or subject) within an image (e.g., auto focus) and / or an optical image stabilization (OIS) function (e.g., anti-shake function) using a shooting camera (1360-4). The wearable device (203) can perform a pass-through function to display an image obtained through a shooting camera (1360-4) superimposed on at least a portion of the screen while displaying a screen representing a virtual space on at least one display (1350). In one embodiment, the camera (1360-4) may be placed on a bridge (1303) positioned between the first rim (1301) and the second rim (1302).

[0323] The eye tracking camera (1360-1) can achieve more realistic augmented reality by tracking the gaze of a user wearing a wearable device (203), thereby matching the user's gaze with visual information provided to at least one display (1350). For example, when the user looks straight ahead, the wearable device (203) can naturally display environmental information related to the user's front at the location where the user is situated on at least one display (1350). The eye tracking camera (1360-1) may be configured to capture an image of the user's pupil to determine the user's gaze. For example, the eye tracking camera (1360-1) may receive a gaze detection light reflected from the user's pupil and track the user's gaze based on the position and movement of the received gaze detection light. In one embodiment, the eye tracking camera (1360-1) may be positioned at locations corresponding to the user's left and right eyes. For example, the eye-tracking camera (1360-1) may be positioned within the first rim (1301) and / or the second rim (1302) to face the direction in which the user wearing the wearable device (203) is located.

[0324] A motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3) can provide a specific event to a screen provided on at least one display (1350) by recognizing the movement of the user's entire body or part thereof, such as the user's torso, hands, or face. A motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3) can recognize the user's gesture, acquire a signal corresponding to the gesture, and provide a display corresponding to the signal to at least one display (1350). A processor can identify the signal corresponding to the gesture and, based on the identification, perform a designated function. A motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3) can be used to perform spatial recognition functions using SLAM and / or depth maps for a 6-degrees-of-freedom pose (6 dof pose). A processor can use the motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3) to perform gesture recognition functions and / or object tracking functions. In one embodiment, a motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3) may be placed on the first rim (1301) and / or the second rim (1302).

[0325] The camera (1360) included in the wearable device (203) is not limited to the eye-tracking camera (1360-1) and motion recognition camera (1360-2, 1360-3) described above. For example, the wearable device (203) can identify external objects included within the FoV by using a camera positioned toward the user's FoV. The identification of external objects by the wearable device (203) can be performed based on a sensor for identifying the distance between the wearable device (203) and the external object, such as a depth sensor and / or a time of flight (ToF) sensor. The camera (1360) positioned toward the FoV may support an autofocus function and / or an optical image stabilization (OIS) function. For example, the wearable device (203) may include a camera (1360) (e.g., a face tracking camera) positioned toward the face to acquire an image including the face of a user wearing the wearable device (203).

[0326] Although not illustrated, according to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) may further include a light source (e.g., LED) that emits light toward a subject (e.g., user's eye, face, and / or an object outside the FoV) being photographed using a camera (1360). The light source may include an LED of infrared wavelength. The light source may be placed in at least one of the frame (1300) and hinge units (1306, 1307).

[0327] According to one embodiment, the battery module (1370) can supply power to the electronic components of the wearable device (203). In one embodiment, the battery module (1370) may be placed within the first temple (1304) and / or the second temple (1305). For example, the battery module (1370) may be a plurality of battery modules (1370). The plurality of battery modules (1370) may each be placed in the first temple (1304) and the second temple (1305), respectively. In one embodiment, the battery module (1370) may be placed at the end of the first temple (1304) and / or the second temple (1305).

[0328] The antenna module (1375) can transmit a signal or power to the outside of the wearable device (203) or receive a signal or power from the outside. In one embodiment, the antenna module (1375) may be placed within the first temple (1304) and / or the second temple (1305). For example, the antenna module (1375) may be placed close to one side of the first temple (1304) and / or the second temple (1305).

[0329] The speaker (1355) can output an acoustic signal to the outside of the wearable device (203). The acoustic output module may be referred to as the speaker. In one embodiment, the speaker (1355) may be placed within a first temple (1304) and / or a second temple (1305) to be positioned adjacent to the ear of a user wearing the wearable device (203). For example, the speaker (1355) may include a second speaker (1355-2) positioned adjacent to the user's left ear by being placed within the first temple (1304), and a first speaker (1355-1) positioned adjacent to the user's right ear by being placed within the second temple (1305).

[0330] A light-emitting module (not shown) may include at least one light-emitting element. The light-emitting module may emit light of a color corresponding to a specific state or emit light with an action corresponding to a specific state in order to visually provide information regarding a specific state of the wearable device (203) to the user. For example, if the wearable device (203) requires charging, it may emit red light at a constant frequency. In one embodiment, the light-emitting module may be placed on the first rim (1301) and / or the second rim (1302).

[0331] Referring to FIG. 13b, according to one embodiment, a wearable device (203) may include a printed circuit board (PCB) (1390). The PCB (1390) may be included in at least one of a first temple (1304) or a second temple (1305). The PCB (1390) may include an interposer disposed between at least two sub-PCBs. On the PCB (1390), one or more hardware components included in the wearable device (203) (e.g., hardware components shown in FIG. 2) may be disposed. The wearable device (203) may include a flexible PCB (FPCB) for interconnecting the hardware components.

[0332] According to one embodiment, a wearable device (203) may include at least one of a gyroscope sensor, a gravity sensor, and / or an acceleration sensor for detecting the posture of the wearable device (203) and / or the posture of a body part (e.g., head) of a user wearing the wearable device (203). Each of the gravity sensor and the acceleration sensor may measure gravitational acceleration and / or acceleration based on designated three-dimensional axes (e.g., x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis) that are perpendicular to each other. The gyroscope sensor may measure the angular velocity of each of the designated three-dimensional axes (e.g., x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis). At least one of the gravity sensor, the acceleration sensor, and the gyroscope sensor may be referred to as an inertial measurement unit (IMU). According to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) can identify a user's motion and / or gesture performed to execute or stop a specific function of the wearable device (203) based on an IMU.

[0333] FIGS. 14a and FIGS. 14b illustrate an example of the appearance of a wearable device.

[0334] The wearable device (203) of FIGS. 14a and FIGS. 14b may be an example of the wearable device (203) of FIGS. 13a and FIGS. 13b. For example, FIGS. 14a and FIGS. 14b may be an example of the electronic device (200) of FIGS. 2. According to one embodiment, an example of the appearance of a first surface (1410) of the housing of the wearable device (203) is shown in FIGS. 14a, and an example of the appearance of a second surface (1420) opposite to the first surface (1410) may be shown in FIGS. 14b.

[0335] Referring to FIG. 14a, according to one embodiment, a first surface (1410) of a wearable device (203) may have a shape that is attachable to a part of a user's body (e.g., the user's face). Although not illustrated, the wearable device (203) may further include a strap for securing to a part of a user's body and / or one or more temples (e.g., a first temple (1304) and / or a second temple (1305) of FIG. 13a and FIG. 13b). A first display (1350-1) for outputting an image to the left eye among the user's two eyes, and a second display (1350-2) for outputting an image to the right eye among the two eyes may be disposed on the first surface (1410). The wearable device (203) may further include rubber or silicone packing formed on the first surface (1410) to prevent interference by light different from light emitted from the first display (1350-1) and the second display (1350-2) (e.g., ambient light).

[0336] According to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) may include cameras (1360-1) for photographing and / or tracking both eyes of a user adjacent to each of the first display (1350-1) and the second display (1350-2). The cameras (1360-1) may be referenced to the eye-tracking camera (1360-1) of FIG. 13b. According to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) may include cameras (1360-5, 1360-6) for photographing and / or recognizing the user's face. The cameras (1360-5, 1360-6) may be referenced to FT cameras. The wearable device (203) may control an avatar representing the user in a virtual space based on the motion of the user's face identified using the cameras (1360-5, 1360-6). For example, the wearable device (203) can change the texture and / or shape of a part of an avatar (e.g., a part of an avatar representing a human face) by using information obtained by cameras (1360-5, 1360-6) (e.g., FT cameras) and representing the facial expression of a user wearing the wearable device (203).

[0337] Referring to FIG. 14b, on a second surface (1420) opposite to the first surface (1410) of FIG. 14a, a camera (e.g., cameras (1360-7, 1360-8, 1260-9, 1360-10, 1360-11, 1360-12)), and / or a sensor (e.g., a depth sensor (1430)) may be placed to obtain information related to the external environment of the wearable device (203). For example, cameras (1360-7, 1360-8, 1360-9, 1360-10) may be placed on the second surface (1420) to recognize external objects. The cameras (1360-7, 1360-8, 1360-9, 1360-10) can be referenced to the motion recognition cameras (1360-2, 1360-3) of FIG. 13b.

[0338] For example, using cameras (1360-11, 1360-12), the wearable device (203) can acquire images and / or videos to be transmitted to each of the user's two eyes. Camera (1360-11) may be placed on the second surface (1420) of the wearable device (203) to acquire an image to be displayed through a second display (1350-2) corresponding to the right eye among the two eyes. Camera (1360-12) may be placed on the second surface (1420) of the wearable device (203) to acquire an image to be displayed through a first display (1350-1) corresponding to the left eye among the two eyes. Cameras (1360-11, 1360-12) may be referenced to the shooting camera (1360-4) of FIG. 13b.

[0339] According to one embodiment, the wearable device (203) may include a depth sensor (1430) disposed on a second surface (1420) to identify the distance between the wearable device (203) and an external object. Using the depth sensor (1430), the wearable device (203) may obtain spatial information (e.g., a depth map) for at least a portion of the FoV of a user wearing the wearable device (203). Although not illustrated, a microphone may be disposed on the second surface (1420) of the wearable device (203) to obtain sound output from an external object. The number of microphones may be one or more, depending on the embodiment.

[0340] The components of the wearable device (203) illustrated in FIGS. 13a to 14b are merely exemplary and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the wearable device (203) may further include at least one of the components illustrated in FIGS. 13a to 14b or may not include at least one. For example, the wearable device (203) may include the components in a region (or arrangement) different from the region (or arrangement) where the components illustrated in FIGS. 13a to 14b are located. For example, the wearable device (203) may include a number of components different from the number of each of the components (e.g., cameras or sensors) illustrated in FIGS. 13a to 14b.

[0341] The technical problems to be solved in this disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0342] As described above, the electronic device (200) may include at least one processor (210) including a processing circuit. The electronic device (200) may include a display driver IC (integrated circuitry) (220). The electronic device (200) may include a display panel (230) including pixels. Each of the pixels may include a plurality of subpixels. Each of the plurality of subpixels may include a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. The display driver IC (220) may be configured to obtain an image to be displayed through the display panel (230) from the at least one processor (210). The display driver IC (220) may be configured to identify the grayscale level of a portion of the image to be displayed through one (a) of the plurality of subpixels of the display panel (230). The display driver IC (220) may be configured to control the display panel (230) to emit light through the first light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a first PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to the subpixel to which a data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied in order to display the portion of the image at the grayscale level, and to control the display panel (230) to emit light through the second light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a second PWM signal to the subpixel to which a data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied.

[0343] According to one embodiment, the display driver IC (220) may be configured to control the display panel (230) to emit light through the first light-emitting element for at least a portion of a first time interval within a frame based on the first PWM signal. The display driver IC (220) may be configured to control the display panel (230) to emit light through the second light-emitting element for at least a portion of a second time interval that overlaps with the first time interval within the frame based on the second PWM signal.

[0344] According to one embodiment, the length of the second time interval may correspond to half the length of the frame. The length of the first time interval may be shorter than half the length of the frame.

[0345] According to one embodiment, the display driver IC (220) may be configured to control the display panel (230) to refrain from emitting light through the first light-emitting element during a third time interval distinguished from the first time interval within the frame. The display driver IC (220) may be configured to control the display panel (230) to refrain from emitting light through the second light-emitting element during a fourth time interval distinguished from the second time interval within the frame and overlapping with the third time interval.

[0346] According to one embodiment, the first PWM signal may include a first bit sequence defined by a first set of subfields. The second PWM signal may include a second bit sequence defined by a second set of subfields.

[0347] According to one embodiment, the value of each bit in the first bit sequence may indicate whether the first light-emitting element emits light during the light-emitting period indicated by each of the subfields in the first set. The order of the bits in the first bit sequence may indicate the order between the light-emitting periods indicated by the subfields in the first set.

[0348] According to one embodiment, each of the subfields in the first set may be one of a subfield indicating one light emission period, a subfield indicating two light emission periods, a subfield indicating four light emission periods, a subfield indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield indicating sixteen light emission periods, a subfield indicating thirty-two light emission periods, and a subfield indicating sixty-four light emission periods. Each of the subfields in the second set may be one of a subfield indicating one light emission period, a subfield indicating two light emission periods, a subfield indicating four light emission periods, a subfield indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield indicating sixteen light emission periods, a subfield indicating thirty-two light emission periods, and a subfield indicating sixty-four light emission periods. The length of one (a) light emission period indicated by the subfield may correspond to the length of the frame divided by the number of grayscale levels that can be expressed by the display panel (230).

[0349] According to one embodiment, the second set may include four subfields. Each of the four subfields in the second set may be a subfield indicating 32 light emission periods.

[0350] According to one embodiment, the first set may include eight subfields. Each of the eight subfields in the first set may be a subfield different from the subfield indicating 64 light emission periods. Three of the eight subfields in the first set may be subfields indicating 32 light emission periods.

[0351] According to one embodiment, the number of subfields in the second set may be greater than the number of subfields in the first set. Two of the subfields in the second set may be subfields indicating a single light emission period.

[0352] According to one embodiment, the display driver IC (220) may be configured to control the display panel (230) to emit light through the first light-emitting element for at least a portion of a third time interval within another frame immediately following the frame, based on the second PWM signal, by providing the second PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied, so as to display the portion of the image at the grayscale level, and to control the display panel (230) to emit light through the second light-emitting element for at least a portion of a fourth time interval within the other frame, based on the first PWM signal, by providing the first PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied. The length of the third time interval may correspond to half the length of the other frame. The length of the fourth time interval may be shorter than half the length of the other frame.

[0353] According to one embodiment, the display driver IC (220) may be configured to control the display panel (230) to emit light through the first light-emitting element for at least a portion of a third time interval distinguished from the first time interval within the frame by providing a third PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied in order to display the portion of the image at the grayscale level, and to control the display panel (230) to emit light through the second light-emitting element for at least a portion of a fourth time interval distinguished from the second time interval within the frame by providing a fourth PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied. Each of the first time interval and the second time interval within the frame may be included in the first subframe among a plurality of subframes included in the frame. Each of the third time interval and the fourth time interval within the frame may be included in the second subframe among the plurality of subframes included in the frame. The order of the first set of subfields defining the first PWM signal may be opposite to the order of the third set of subfields defining the third PWM signal. The order of the second set of subfields defining the second PWM signal may be opposite to the order of the fourth set of subfields defining the fourth PWM signal.

[0354] According to one embodiment, each of the plurality of subpixels may include a first transistor comprising a first electrode electrically connected to the first light-emitting element, a second electrode electrically connected to a data line for applying the data voltage, and a first gate electrode electrically connected to a first scan line. Each of the plurality of subpixels may include a second transistor comprising a third electrode electrically connected to the second light-emitting element, a fourth electrode electrically connected to the data line for applying the data voltage, and a second gate electrode electrically connected to a second scan line. The first light-emitting element of each of the plurality of subpixels may be electrically connected to a first light-emitting line for providing the first PWM signal. The second light-emitting element of each of the plurality of subpixels may be electrically connected to a second light-emitting line for providing the second PWM signal.

[0355] According to one embodiment, each of the plurality of subpixels may include a first transistor comprising a first electrode electrically connected to the first light-emitting element, a second electrode electrically connected to a data line for applying the data voltage, and a first gate electrode electrically connected to a first scan line. Each of the plurality of subpixels may include a second transistor comprising a third electrode electrically connected to the second light-emitting element, a fourth electrode electrically connected to the data line for applying the data voltage, and a second gate electrode electrically connected to a second scan line. The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element of each of the plurality of subpixels may be electrically connected to one (a) light-emitting line for providing the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal.

[0356] According to one embodiment, each of the plurality of subpixels may further include a third transistor comprising a fifth electrode electrically connected to the first light-emitting element, a sixth electrode electrically connected to the data line for applying the data voltage, and a third gate electrode electrically connected to the first scan line. Each of the plurality of subpixels may further include a fourth transistor comprising a seventh electrode electrically connected to the second light-emitting element, an eighth electrode electrically connected to the data line for applying the data voltage, and a fourth gate electrode electrically connected to the second scan line.

[0357] According to one embodiment, the size of the first light-emitting element of the subpixel may be larger than the size of the second light-emitting element of the subpixel.

[0358] According to one embodiment, the display panel (230) may include a silicon substrate. The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element may be disposed on the silicon substrate. The display panel (230) may include an encapsulation layer disposed above the silicon substrate. The display panel (230) may include a filling material between the silicon substrate and the encapsulation layer. The filling material may include an organic material for flattening the space between the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element disposed on the silicon substrate and the encapsulation layer, and a diffusing material for diffusing light emitted from the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element.

[0359] According to one embodiment, the display panel (230) may include a silicon substrate. The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element may be disposed on the silicon substrate. The display panel (230) may include an encapsulation layer disposed above the silicon substrate. The display panel (230) may include a filling material between the silicon substrate and the encapsulation layer. The display panel (230) may include a diffusion film disposed on the encapsulation layer and for diffusing light emitted from the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element. The filling material may include an organic material for flattening the space between the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element disposed on the silicon substrate and the encapsulation layer.

[0360] According to one embodiment, the first light-emitting element of the subpixel and the second light-emitting element of the subpixel may be electrically connected to one (a) common electrode for applying the data voltage.

[0361] A method is provided by an electronic device (200) having at least one processor (210) including a processing circuit as described above, a display driver IC (integrated circuitry) (220), and a display panel (230) including pixels. Each of the pixels may include a plurality of subpixels. Each of the plurality of subpixels may include a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element. The method may include an operation in which the display driver IC (220) obtains an image to be displayed through the display panel (230) from the at least one processor (210). The method may include an operation in which the display driver IC (220) identifies a grayscale level of a portion of the image to be displayed through one (a) of the plurality of subpixels of the display panel (230). The above method may include an operation in which the display driver IC (220) controls the display panel (230) to emit light through the first light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a first PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to the subpixel to which a data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied in order to display the above portion of the image at the above grayscale level, and an operation in which the display driver IC (220) controls the display panel (230) to emit light through the second light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a second PWM signal to the subpixel to which a data voltage according to the above grayscale level is applied.

[0362] The electronic device according to the various embodiments disclosed in this document may be of various forms. The electronic device may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, or a consumer electronics device. The electronic device according to the embodiments of this document is not limited to the devices described above.

[0363] The various embodiments of this document and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in this document to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutions of said embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of said items unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise. In this document, phrases such as "A or B," "at least one of A and B," "at least one of A or B," "A, B or C," "at least one of A, B and C," and "at least one of A, B, or C" may each include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first," "second," or "first" or "second" may be used simply to distinguish said components from other said components and do not limit said components in any other aspect (e.g., importance or order). Where any (e.g., 1st) component is referred to as "coupled" or "connected" to another (e.g., 2nd) component, with or without the terms "functionally" or "communicationly," it means that said any component may be connected to said other component directly (e.g., via a wire), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0364] The term “module” as used in the various embodiments of this document may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logic block, component, or circuit, for example. A module may be a component formed integrally, or a minimum unit of said component or a part thereof that performs one or more functions. For example, according to one embodiment, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0365] Various embodiments of the present document may be implemented as software (e.g., program (1140)) comprising one or more instructions stored in a storage medium (e.g., internal memory (1136) or external memory (1138)) readable by a machine (e.g., electronic device (1101)). For example, a processor (e.g., processor (1120)) of the machine (e.g., electronic device (1101)) may call at least one of the one or more instructions stored from the storage medium and execute it. This enables the machine to be operated to perform at least one function according to the at least one called instruction. The one or more instructions may include code generated by a compiler or code that can be executed by an interpreter. The storage medium readable by the machine may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, 'non-temporary' simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain a signal (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently and cases where it is stored temporarily.

[0366] According to one embodiment, the method according to the various embodiments disclosed herein may be provided by being included in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded between a seller and a buyer as a product. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a device-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)), or distributed online (e.g., download or upload) through an application store (e.g., Play Store™) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smartphones). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored or temporarily created on a device-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or a relay server.

[0367] According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., module or program) of the components described above may include a singular or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more of the components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Generally or additionally, multiple components (e.g., module or program) may be integrated into a single component. In this case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as those performed by the corresponding component among the multiple components prior to integration. According to various embodiments, operations performed by the module, program, or other components may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

Claims

1. In an electronic device, At least one processor including a processing circuit; Display driver IC (integrated circuitry); and It includes a display panel containing pixels, and Each of the above pixels includes a plurality of subpixels, and Each of the above plurality of subpixels includes a first light-emitting element and a second light-emitting element, and The above display driver IC is: From the above at least one processor, an image to be displayed through the display panel is obtained; Identifying the grayscale level of a portion of the image to be displayed through one (a) of the plurality of subpixels of the display panel; and To display the above portion of the above image at the above gradation level: By providing a first pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to the subpixel to which a data voltage according to the above grayscale level is applied, the display panel is controlled to emit light through the first light-emitting element of the subpixel, and A configuration for controlling the display panel to emit light through the second light-emitting element of the subpixel by providing a second PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the above grayscale level is applied, Electronic device.

2. In Claim 1, The above display driver IC is: Based on the first PWM signal, the display panel is controlled to emit light through the first light-emitting element for at least a portion of the first time interval within the frame; and Based on the second PWM signal, the display panel is configured to emit light through the second light-emitting element for at least a portion of the second time interval that overlaps with the first time interval within the frame. Electronic device.

3. In Claim 2, The length of the second time interval above corresponds to half the length of the frame, and The length of the first time interval is shorter than half the length of the frame. Electronic device.

4. In Claim 2, The above display driver IC is: Control the display panel to refrain from emitting light through the first light-emitting element during a third time interval distinguished from the first time interval within the frame; and Configured to control the display panel to refrain from emitting light through the second light-emitting element during a fourth time interval that is distinguished from the second time interval within the frame and overlaps with the third time interval. Electronic device.

5. In Claim 2, The first PWM signal comprises a first bit sequence defined by a first set of subfields, and The second PWM signal comprises a second bit sequence defined by a second set of subfields, Electronic device.

6. In Claim 5, The value of each bit in the first bit sequence indicates whether the first light-emitting element emits light during the light-emitting period indicated by each of the subfields in the first set, and The order of the bits in the first bit sequence indicates the order between the light emission periods indicated by the subfields in the first set, Electronic device.

7. In Claim 5, Each of the subfields in the first set is one of a subfield indicating one light emission period, a subfield indicating two light emission periods, a subfield indicating four light emission periods, a subfield indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield indicating sixteen light emission periods, a subfield indicating thirty-two light emission periods, and a subfield indicating sixty-four light emission periods. Each of the subfields in the second set is one of a subfield indicating one light emission period, a subfield indicating two light emission periods, a subfield indicating four light emission periods, a subfield indicating eight light emission periods, a subfield indicating sixteen light emission periods, a subfield indicating thirty-two light emission periods, and a subfield indicating sixty-four light emission periods, and The length of one (a) light emission period indicated by the subfield corresponds to the length of the frame divided by the number of grayscale levels expressible by the display panel, Electronic device.

8. In Claim 7, The above second set includes four subfields, and Each of the four subfields in the second set is a subfield indicating 32 luminescence periods, Electronic device.

9. In Claim 8, The first set above includes eight subfields, and Each of the eight subfields in the first set is a subfield different from the subfield indicating 64 luminescence periods, and Three of the eight subfields in the first set are subfields indicating 32 luminescence periods, Electronic device.

10. In Claim 5, The number of subfields in the second set is greater than the number of subfields in the first set, and Two of the subfields in the second set are subfields indicating a single light emission period, Electronic device.

11. In Claim 2, The above display driver IC is: To display the above portion of the above image at the above gradation level: By providing the second PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the above grayscale level is applied, the display panel is controlled to emit light through the first light-emitting element for at least a portion of a third time interval within another frame immediately following the frame, based on the second PWM signal; and The display panel is configured to control light emission through the second light-emitting element for at least a portion of the fourth time interval within the other frame based on the first PWM signal by providing the first PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the above grayscale level is applied, and The length of the third time interval above corresponds to half the length of the other frame, and The length of the above fourth hour interval is shorter than half the length of the above other frame, Electronic device.

12. In Claim 2, The above display driver IC is: To display the above portion of the above image at the above gradation level: By providing a third PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the above grayscale level is applied, the display panel is controlled to emit light through the first light-emitting element for at least a portion of a third time interval distinguished from the first time interval within the frame, and The display panel is configured to control light emission through the second light-emitting element for at least a portion of a fourth time interval distinguished from the second time interval within the frame by providing a fourth PWM signal to the subpixel to which the data voltage according to the grayscale level is applied, and Each of the first time interval and the second time interval within the above frame is included in the first subframe among the plurality of subframes included in the above frame, and Each of the third time interval and the fourth time interval within the frame is included in the second subframe among the plurality of subframes included in the frame, and The order of the first set of subfields defining the first PWM signal is opposite to the order of the third set of subfields defining the third PWM signal, and The order of the second set of subfields defining the second PWM signal is opposite to the order of the fourth set of subfields defining the fourth PWM signal. Electronic device.

13. In Claim 1, Each of the above plurality of subpixels is: A first transistor comprising a first electrode electrically connected to the first light-emitting element, a second electrode electrically connected to a data line for applying the data voltage, and a first gate electrode electrically connected to a first scan line, and A second transistor comprising a third electrode electrically connected to the second light-emitting element, a fourth electrode electrically connected to the data line for applying the data voltage, and a second gate electrode electrically connected to the second scan line, Each of the plurality of subpixels, the first light-emitting element is electrically connected to a first light-emitting line for providing the first PWM signal, and The second light-emitting element of each of the plurality of subpixels is electrically connected to a second light-emitting line for providing the second PWM signal. Electronic device.

14. In Claim 1, Each of the above plurality of subpixels is: A first transistor comprising a first electrode electrically connected to the first light-emitting element, a second electrode electrically connected to a data line for applying the data voltage, and a first gate electrode electrically connected to a first scan line, and A second transistor comprising a third electrode electrically connected to the second light-emitting element, a fourth electrode electrically connected to the data line for applying the data voltage, and a second gate electrode electrically connected to the second scan line, The first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element of each of the plurality of subpixels are electrically connected to one (a) light-emitting line for providing the first PWM signal and the second PWM signal, Electronic device.

15. In claim 13 or claim 14, Each of the above plurality of subpixels is: A third transistor comprising a fifth electrode electrically connected to the first light-emitting element, a sixth electrode electrically connected to the data line for applying the data voltage, and a third gate electrode electrically connected to the first scan line, and A fourth transistor further comprising a seventh electrode electrically connected to the second light-emitting element, an eighth electrode electrically connected to the data line for applying the data voltage, and a fourth gate electrode electrically connected to the second scan line. Electronic device.

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