Circular pump

Abstract

The invention is the circular pump (100) with gear mechanism used for transporting and pressurizing liquids or gases, wherein; it comprises the central gear (101) positioned in the center of the circular pump (100) collects the air or oil it receives in the middle part for transfer by working simultaneously with the side gears (102); one or more side gears (102) arranged around the central gear (101) for vacuuming oil or air and delivering it to the central gear (101); the outlet ducts (106) integrated on the central gear (101) for discharging the fluid collected in the central part of the central gear (101) from the center; the cover (105) positioned on the top of the circular pump (100) working together with the central gear (101) and side gears (102) to direct the fluid.

Description

[0001] CIRCULAR PUMP

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The invention relates to a circular pump with a gear mechanism used for the purpose of transporting and pressurizing liquids or gases.

[0004] The invention particularly relates to a circular pump with a gear system that allows the use of one or more side gears, suitable for use as a heat pump in the automotive sector or as an oil pump in industrial applications.

[0005] State of the Art

[0006] Circular pumps are widely used in many areas, especially automotive, aviation and industrial production, to ensure the transmission of fluids at a certain flow rate and pressure. Circular pumps (especially gear type circular pumps) are classified as positive displacement pumps and transport the fluid within the system by mechanically compressing it. The term of circular pump describes compact and efficient pump systems, typically operating via meshed or closely spaced gears. These pumps are particularly preferred in lubrication systems, hydraulic systems, and heat pumps. These pump systems typically consist of a central drive gear and one or more auxiliary gears that interact with the central gear. With the rotational movement between the gears, the fluid is absorbed, compressed and transmitted out of the system.

[0007] In these systems, the number of side gears can be increased to increase pump flowrate. However, increasing the number of gears results in the pump taking more physical space and creates installation difficulties, especially in narrow volume applications. Since the increase in the number of gears also increases the number of moving parts, it brings about mechanical problems such as friction, heating and wear. This shortens the life of the pump and increases the need for maintenance.

[0008] The materials used in existing systems may not always be sufficient for gear surfaces and bearing areas that require high precision. However, the methods used in production often do not allow this precision to be achieved. Especially in mass production processes, tolerance deviations can lead to a decrease in system performance and losses in productivity. Additionally, structural deficienciesof materials used in applications operating under high temperatures or high pressures can cause deformation and sealing problems.

[0009] In addition, many existing pump systems lack modularity and have limitations in terms of adaptability to different applications. Customizing pump components to ensure they work together often requires complex engineering solutions and costly manufacturing processes.

[0010] One of the studies related to circular pumps is the invention subject to patent application US3120190A and titled "Gear Pump." This invention describes a compact gear pump design that can be integrated directly into the shafts of rotating machines. Thanks to its shaftless gears, it eliminates the need for external pumps and piping. It is particularly designed to provide adequate lubrication to the moving elements of machines. Although it offers a space-saving solution, this design is configured to operate with only one pair of gears. Because it does not allow for increasing the number of gears, it falls behind in high flowrate requirements. It is also not modular or scalable. Another study is the invention subject to patent application US1927395A and titled "Gear Pump." This application offers a system that aims to increase pump efficiency by improving sealing in the gaps between gears. Specialized gaskets and sealing mechanisms have been developed to reduce leakage. This structure is limited to the classic two-gear system. It is not possible to increase the number of gears to increase flowrate. Additionally, as the physical volume increases, sealing measures become more complex and the efficiency of the system is limited. Another study is the invention subject to the patent application numbered US11680567B1 and titled “Axial Compensated Hydraulic Gear Pump”. This invention provides a compensation mechanism that automatically compensates for axial clearances within the pump caused by factors such as temperature change and wear. This maintains system efficiency. While it offers an advanced solution in terms of axial tolerances, this system is limited to two gears. It does not allow for increasing the number of gears or expanding the structure in a modular manner. This causes the system to be inadequate in applications requiring increased flowrate. While the existing systems mentioned are generally successful in responding to certain needs, there is a need for an advanced circular pump solution that can provide high flowrates with multiple gears in a compact structure, can be produced in a modular manner, and can be adapted to different application areas (e.g. both the automotive and industrial sectors).

[0011] For all these reasons, existing circular gear system pumps have various technical limitations and application problems in terms of space constraints, material shortages, production difficulties and system efficiency. As a result, the need for a circular pump that eliminates the disadvantages of the existing technique and the inadequacy of existing solutions have necessitated a development in the relevant technical field.Brief Description of the Invention

[0012] The present invention relates to a circular pump with a gear mechanism used for the purpose of transporting and pressurizing liquids or gases, which meets the above-mentioned requirements, eliminates all disadvantages and brings some additional advantages.

[0013] The object of the invention, based on the state of the art, is to develop a circular pump with a compact and modular structure that enables the fluid to be transferred with high efficiency, stability and uninterruptedly by directing it through a fixed shaft and angled channels by placing more than one side gear around a circular central gear with an outlet channel located in the center.

[0014] The object of the invention is to enable the use of more than one side gear thanks to the output channels located on the central gear.

[0015] Another object of the invention is to ensure safe and axial placement of the fixed shaft by means of the shaft housing on the central gear.

[0016] Another object of the invention is to ensure that the fluid is taken into the system efficiently, thanks to the suction ducts located on the cover.

[0017] Another object of the invention is to ensure that the compressed fluid is directed and discharged from the system by means of the outlet ducts placed at a certain angle on the fixed shaft.

[0018] Another object of the invention is to ensure that the central gear and side gears work together in a precise tolerance by dimensioning them in a circular structure and to form a whole circle.

[0019] Another object of the invention is to ensure stable and continuous transfer of the fluid by positioning each side gear to have a different compression time.

[0020] Another object of the invention is to provide a stable flow rate by creating a time difference by selecting the number of gear of the central gear as even and the number of side gears as odd, or by selecting the number of gear of the central gear as odd and the number of side gears as even.

[0021] Another object of the invention is to ensure a continuous and balanced compression flow by means of the gears operating in successive timing.Another object of the invention is to ensure the separation of low and high pressure fluid from each other by closing the gear that will perform the compression before compression.

[0022] Another object of the invention is to ensure that the gear rotates on a fixed axis, thanks to the shaft located in the center of the side gear and the shaft bearing on the cover where this shaft is located.

[0023] Another object of the invention is to prevent the compressed fluid from leaking out thanks to the groove located between the cover and the body.

[0024] Another object of the invention is to ensure that the compressed fluid is discharged from the system by placing the fixed shaft outlet ducts so that they open simultaneously with the outlet ducts on the central gear.

[0025] The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all its advantages will be understood more clearly thanks to the figures given below and the detailed description written by making reference to these figures, therefore the evaluation needs to be made by taking these figures and detailed descriptions into consideration.

[0026] Brief Description of Figures

[0027] In order to best understand the structure of the present invention and its advantages with additional elements, it needs to be evaluated together with the figures described below.

[0028] Figure 1 is the schematic general view of the disassembled state of the circular pump,

[0029] Figure 2 is the schematic general view of the cover from below,

[0030] Figure 3 is the schematic general view of the circular pump using a single-sided gear from above, Figure 4 is the schematic general view of the disassembled state of the cover of the circular pump using a single side gear,

[0031] Figure 5 is the schematic general view of the disassembled state of the drive shaft in the circular pump using a single side gear,

[0032] Figure 6 is the schematic general view from above of the circular pump using three side gears in a preferred embodiment of the invention,

[0033] Figure 7 is the schematic detailed view of the circular pump using three side gears,

[0034] Figure 8 is the schematic general view from above of the circular pump using two side gears in a preferred embodiment of the invention.Figure 9 is the schematic general view from above of the circular pump using four side gears in a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0035] Reference Numbers

[0036] 100. Circular pump

[0037] 101. Central gear

[0038] 102. Side gear

[0039] 103. Inlet duct

[0040] 104. Shaft outlet duct

[0041] 105. Cover

[0042] 106. Outlet duct

[0043] 107. Shaft

[0044] 108. Shaft bearing

[0045] 109. Screw holes

[0046] 110. Drive shaft

[0047] 111. Duct fixed shaft

[0048] 112. Duct fixed shaft housing

[0049] 113. Groove

[0050] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0051] In this detailed description, the circular pump (100) with gear mechanism used for the purpose of transporting and pressurizing the liquids or gases which are the subject of the invention is described only as an example for a better understanding of the subject and in a way that does not form any limiting effect.

[0052] The invention particularly relates to the circular pump (100) with gear system that allows the use of one or more side gears, suitable for use as a heat pump in the automotive sector or as an oil pump in industrial applications. The feature of the circular pump (100) shown in Figure 1 is that it provides high efficiency, stability and uninterrupted fluid transfer thanks to one or more side gears (102) placed around a central gear (101) located in the center and having outlet ducts (106) and the fluid being discharged from the center. The invention has a compact and modular structure and can be customized according to need with different numbers and sizes of side gears (102). The side gears (102) in the circular pump (100) are positioned to create a compression time difference, aiming to obtain an uninterrupted and stable flow.The central gear (101) is positioned in the center of the circular pump (101) and collects the fluid it receives from the side gears (102) placed around it, thanks to the outlet ducts (106) located on it, and discharges it through the shaft outlet duct (104). The said central gear (101) is equipped with a duct fixed shaft housing (112) on one side, in a way that it works in harmony with the drive shaft (110) and the duct fixed shaft (111) on the cover (105) shown in Figure 2 on the other side. The structure of the central gear (101) shown in Figure 6 is completely circular and preferably has eight gears on it, and thanks to this structure, it ensures synchronous operation with the side gears (102) around it at a precise tolerance. When the central gear (101) is mounted into the circular pump (100), the drive shaft (110) is fitted to one side, and the other side is placed to match the fixed shaft outlet duct (104) located on the cover (105).

[0053] The side gear (102), shown in Figure 3, is positioned around the centrally located central gear (101) and provides vacuuming of the fluid, which in turn enables transmission to the central gear (101). The three side gears (102), shown in Figure 6, have different compression times in the system. The side gears (102) shown in Figure-7 are placed one after the other to create a stable flow. The side gear (102) is mounted on the shaft bearing (108) located on the cover (105) via the shaft (107) at its center. The shaft (107) ensures that the side gear remains stationary and rotates on a specific axis.

[0054] The inlet duct (103) is located on the cover (105) shown in Figure 4 and is positioned between the side gear (102) and the central gear (101) shown in Figure 5, allowing the fluid to enter into the circular pump (100). Through this opening, the fluid is admitted to the circular pump (100) and begins the compression process. The inlet duct (103) is a duct opened directly onto the cover (105) and provides access to the working area of the side gears (102).

[0055] The shaft outlet duct (104) is placed at a certain angle on the cover (105) and works together with the outlet ducts (106) on the central gear (101) to transfer the compressed fluid out of the circular pump (100). The said shaft outlet duct (104) is positioned opposite the outlet ducts (106) on the central gear (101) during the operation of the circular pump (100). The correct angle of the shaft outlet duct (104) enables the fluid to be discharged through the fixed shaft (111).

[0056] The cover (105) is located on the upper part of the circular pump (100) and comprises various elements such as the shaft outlet duct (104), shaft bearing (108), screw holes (109) and inlet ducts (103) on it. The cover (105) is fixed to the body by means of screw holes (109). The screw holes (109) ensure that the cover (105) and the body are tightly connected as mechanical parts.The outlet ducts (106) are located on the central gear (101) and allow the fluid to be discharged after collecting in the center. The said outlet ducts (106) must be aligned with the shaft outlet duct (104) located on the cover (105) so that they open and close simultaneously. Before compression, all outlet ducts (106) are closed when the compression side gear (102) closes. This is the area where low-pressure and high-pressure fluids are separated.

[0057] The shaft (107) is located in the center of the side gear (102) and is fixed in the system by being placed in the shaft bearing (108). This assembly allows the side gear (102) to rotate stably on the linear axis. The shaft bearing (108) is the structure located on the cover (105) and where the shaft (107) is positioned. The shaft bearing (108) ensures the smooth and axial rotation of the shaft (107).

[0058] The drive shaft (110) is connected to the central gear (101) and is the driving element that provides movement to the circular pump (100). The drive shaft (110) transfers the motion it receives from an external source, such as a motor, to the central gear (101).

[0059] The duct fixed shaft (111) is located on the cover (105) and is a fixed shaft through which the outlet duct (106) passes. The duct fixed shaft (111) works in harmony with the outlet ducts (106) on the central gear (101) to allow the discharge of the compressed fluid. The duct fixed shaft housing (112) is located on the central gear (101 ) and is the bearing into which the duct fixed shaft (111 ) on the cover (105) passes. The said duct fixed shaft housing (112) ensures the correct positioning of the central gear (101) and its synchronized operation with the fixed shaft (111).

[0060] The groove (113) is a special housing where the seal is placed, which prevents the fluid compressed in the circular pump (100) from leaking out from the cover (105). The said groove (113) determines the location of the seal placed between the cover (105) and the body.

[0061] In the preferred embodiments of the invention, solutions suitable for different needs and usage scenarios are offered by using one side gear (102) as shown in figure-3, two as shown in figure-8, three as shown in figure-6 or four as shown in figure-9 in the circular pump (100). While the use of a single side gear (102) is preferred for applications requiring low flow rate and precise fluid transfer, a more balanced and continuous flow is achieved with two or three side gears (102). In applications where four side gears (102) are used, the stable and powerful flow support required for high flow rate systems is achieved. Increasing the number of side gears (102) allows the compression times to be varied in a consecutive manner, thus contributing to a stable flow anduninterrupted transfer in the system. Thanks to this structure, the invention can be flexibly adapted to different fluid properties and areas of use.

[0062] In the design of the circular pump (100), the number and dimensions of the gear of the central gear (101) and the side gears (102) have been determined to be compatible with each other, thus ensuring a precise synchronous operation between the gears. For example, in the system where three side gears are used, the number of gear of the central gear (101) is set to be even and the number of side gears (102) is set to be odd. On the other hand, in the system where four side gears are used, the number of gear of the central gear (101) is odd to be even and the number of side gears (102) is set to be even. Thanks to this design, different compression times are obtained for each gear, as the time difference increases, the flow in the system increases and stable operation is achieved. A different structure has been created from existing gear pump systems by transferring fluids from the center in the system and creating different compression times. All these features come together to provide a highly efficient, quiet, stable and modular pump system.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A circular pump (100) with gear mechanism used for transporting and pressurizing liquids or gases, characterized by comprising;- a central gear (101) positioned in the center of the circular pump (100), which collects the air or oil it receives in the middle part for transfer by working simultaneously with side gears (102);- one or more side gears (102) arranged around the central gear (101) for vacuuming and transporting oil or air to the central gear (101);- outlet ducts (106) integrated on the central gear (101) for discharging from the center the fluid collected in the central part of the central gear (101);- a cover (105) positioned on the top of the circular pump (100) which works together with the central gear (101) and the side gears (102) to direct the fluid.

2. A circular pump (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that; the central gear (101) has a fully circular structure and preferably comprises eight gears.

3. A circular pump (100) according to claim 1, characterized by comprising; an inlet duct (103) positioned directly on the cover (105) and between the side gear (102) and the central gear (101) for the inlet of the oil or air transmitted between the side gear (102) and the central gear (101) to the circular pump (100).

4. A circular pump (100) according to claim 1, characterized by comprising; a duct fixed shaft (111) positioned on the cover (105) through which an outlet duct (106) passes, working together with the outlet ducts (106) on the central gear (101) to discharge the compressed fluid.

5. A circular pump (100) according to claim 1, characterized by comprising; a drive shaft (110) on one side and a duct fixed shaft housing (112) positioned on the central gear (101 ) that works simultaneously with the duct fixed shaft (111) on the other side, in order to have both the drive and output duct mechanisms in the same body.

6. A circular pump (100) according to claim 1, characterized by comprising; a shaft outlet duct (104) placed at an angle on the cover (105) opposite the outlet ducts (106), which works together with the outlet ducts (106) on the central gear (101) in order to transfer the compressed fluid out of the circular pump (100).

7. A circular pump (100) according to claim 1, characterized by comprising; screw holes (109) positioned on the cover (105) for connection to the body.

8. A circular pump (100) according to claim 1, characterized by comprising; the side gear (102) for applications requiring low flow rate and precise fluid transfer; two or three for a balanced and continuous flow; and four side gears (102) to obtain the stable and powerful flow support required in high flow rate systems.

9. A circular pump (100) according to claim 1 , characterized in that; the number of gears of the central gear (101) is an even number and the number of side gears (102) is an odd number, or the number of gears of the central gear (101) is an odd number and the number of side gears (102) is an even number, in order to obtain different compression times to increase the flow rate.

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