Mobile impact attenuator

Abstract

A mobile impact attenuator (100) is configured as a wheeled trailer. The chassis of the trailer is comprised of a front frame (60) and a rear frame (30), which are connected to one another. The front frame (60) is configured as a drawbar with a drawbar eye (1) mounted to the front frame (60) via a telescopic energy-absorbing element comprising end stops (165а, 165b) mounted on either side thereof. The front frame (60) is axially movable along longitudinal elements of the chassis which are mounted on the rear frame (30). At least one first-row energy absorbing element (20) is mounted on the rear frame (30). Between the front frame (60) and the rear frame (30), at least one second row energy absorbing element (40) is mounted.

Description

[0001] MOBILE FRONT FENCING

[0002] Field of technology to which the invention relates

[0003] The present invention relates to energy-absorbing devices for slowing down and stopping vehicles by absorbing energy, namely to mobile frontal barriers. The device can be used both in conjunction with a tractor-operator (a vehicle or its substitute), and individually stationary.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] A trailer system of an energy-absorbing barrier fence is known (Patent EP2155519, patent holder: BARRIER SYSTEMS INC, publication date: 24.02.2010), including a longitudinal hollow element made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder at one end, hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic cylinder, and a reservoir connected to the hydraulic cylinder for receiving and storing said hydraulic fluid dispensed from the hydraulic cylinder. The first longitudinal telescopic element is adapted to slide in and out of the longitudinal hollow element and is adapted to actuate a piston. Two other longitudinal hollow elements are located substantially parallel to the first longitudinal hollow element and on both sides of it and are connected to the first longitudinal hollow element. The two telescopic elements are adapted to slide into and out of the two other longitudinal hollow elements, respectively.The body is connected at its proximal end to all three longitudinal hollow elements, is adapted at its distal end to accommodate an airbag, and has a pair of wheels.

[0006] The main disadvantage of this device is the presence of a hydraulic system, which increases the overall dimensions of the structure, complicates the design, and does not allow for a constant ASI indicator when a vehicle hits it. Also, the disadvantages include the small size of the stops, which can lead to the device not working correctly with a certain configuration of the towing vehicle frame.

[0007] A trailer system of an energy-absorbing barrier fence is known (application US2011049838, patent: US8276956, patent holder: TRAFFIX DEVICES INC, publication date: 03.03.2011), which comprises a fastening system that prevents rotation, having an inner support tube and a plurality of outer support tubes. The inner support tube has a connector at its front end for connecting to a suitable socket on a vehicle, and a plurality of outer support tubes, each of which has a support platform that prevents rotation, at its front end. At least one of the inner support tube and the plurality of outer support tubes consists of a telescopic structure. A reserve frame is located at the rear end of the fastening system, and a shock absorber unit is located on an axle and a pair of wheels to ensure mobility.When the shock absorber is struck by a vehicle that has gone astray, the mounting system is activated, preventing the shock absorber mounted on the trailer from rotating relative to the main vehicle.

[0008] The main disadvantages of the design of this device are the creation of a bend at the point of connection with the tractor when the internal support pipe moves through the external support pipe, as well as the occurrence of rotation along the pitch axis, in particular, the trailer folding system can bend both towards the road surface and away from the road surface. Another disadvantage is that the width of the stops does not allow for the complete elimination of the torque, since the width of the support part is smaller in relation to the length, due to the limited width of the frame support of the tractor.

[0009] The closest analogue is a shock-absorbing device for preventing collisions with a vehicle stopping function (patent CN2 13596875, patent holder: JIAXING RIMINGHUAN TRAFFIC SAFETY FACILITIES CO LTD, publication date: 07 / 02 / 2021), consisting of a trailer for hanging on the rear of the car and an energy-absorbing box fixed to the trailer, the lower surface of the rear part of the energy-absorbing box is provided with a stop frame with an elastic energy accumulator, which is located between the stop frame and the trailer frame. The stop frame of the folding mechanism stop is clamped by the lower surface of the energy absorption box, and the free end of the stop frame of the folding car protrudes outside the energy absorption box.

[0010] The main disadvantage of this shock-absorbing device is that the inertial overload will exceed the permissible values, in particular due to the complexity of the folding stop mechanism, which prevents the second energy-absorbing box from deforming when a passenger car hits it, and the internal air cushion, which provides additional elasticity due to the resistance to deformation of the first box. Other disadvantages include the fact that the inflation of the cushion in the second box will occur at any mass and speed of the car hitting it, and also that the inflation mechanism of the cushions depends on the operating temperature of the device, and the tightness of all units is extremely important, the violation of which can lead to the inoperability of the device.

[0011] The technical problem lies in the insufficient efficiency of the designs of known mobile frontal fencing.

[0012] Disclosure of invention

[0013] The problem that the invention is aimed at solving is to increase the efficiency of a mobile frontal fence and to increase safety for people in a vehicle.

[0014] The technical result of using the invention consists in ensuring the minimization of the parameter of the generalized inertial overload or ASI for people in the vehicle, which is achieved through the sequential operation of the damping units of the fence.

[0015] The design of the mobile frontal fencing frame, the use of energy-absorbing elements of different types and the selection of the rigidity of the energy-absorbing elements allow for the consistent entry into operation of the damping units and the reduction of the parameter of the generalized inertial overload or ASI for people in the vehicle.

[0016] The above technical result is achieved due to the fact that the mobile frontal fencing is made in the form of a wheeled trailer, on the frame of which energy-absorbing elements are placed. The frame is made of a front frame and a rear frame connected to each other, while:

[0017] - the front frame is made in the form of a coupling device with a coupling loop mounted on the front frame using a telescopic energy-absorbing element, on both sides of which end stops are mounted, and the coupling loop protrudes beyond the end stops along the frame axis, wherein the front frame is mounted with the possibility of axial movement along the longitudinal elements of the frame mounted on the rear frame; - at least one wheel axle is mounted on the rear frame, as well as at least one energy-absorbing element of the first row, made in the form of an energy-absorbing cartridge;

[0018] - between the front frame and the rear frame, at least one energy-absorbing element of the second row is installed, made in the form of an energy-absorbing cartridge, wherein the selection of the rigidity of the energy-absorbing elements is carried out based on the specified mode of entry into operation of the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20), the telescopic energy-absorbing element and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40).

[0019] The fence may comprise a rear panel mounted on the rear end of the first row energy absorbing cartridge.

[0020] The telescopic energy-absorbing element can be made from at least one guide profile installed with the possibility of telescopic movement inside at least one sleeve secured to the front frame, wherein the sleeve contains at least one energy-absorbing plate.

[0021] Energy-absorbing elements can be made in the form of plates bent inward into the sleeve and designed to interact with the guide profile.

[0022] The guide profile and sleeve may contain through longitudinal grooves into which a rod retainer is installed.

[0023] The guide profile may contain strikers designed to act on energy-absorbing elements.

[0024] The fence may additionally comprise at least one grip mounted on the rear frame.

[0025] The grip may contain teeth.

[0026] The front frame can be equipped with enclosing elements with bends that enclose the longitudinal elements of the frame.

[0027] The fence can perform its function in conjunction with the vehicle, both in motion and when parked, or stationary alone, with the help of an auxiliary load. The longitudinal elements of the frame can be U-shaped and include horizontally oriented guides and side stops made in the form of profiles.

[0028] The mode of entry into operation of the energy-absorbing elements can be sequential, namely, the first energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) enters into operation, the second is the telescopic energy-absorbing element, and the third is the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40).

[0029] Also, the mode of entry into operation of the energy-absorbing elements can be sequential-parallel, namely, the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) enters into operation first, and then the telescopic energy-absorbing element and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) enter into operation simultaneously or almost simultaneously.

[0030] Brief description of the drawings

[0031] Fig. 1 - General view from above of the mobile frontal fence;

[0032] Fig. 2 - General view from below of the mobile frontal fence;

[0033] Fig. 3 (a) - Fig. 3 (c) - Side views of the mobile frontal fence, reflecting the stages of crushing of the mobile frontal fence;

[0034] Fig. 4 - General view from above of the mobile frontal fence, reflecting the last stage of crushing of the mobile frontal fence;

[0035] Fig. 5 - General view from below of the mobile frontal fence, reflecting the operation of the grip when a vehicle collides;

[0036] Fig. 6 - Side view of the mobile frontal fence, reflecting the operation of the grip when a vehicle collides with it;

[0037] Fig. 7 - General view from above of the mobile frontal fence, showing the front frame and drawbar with flange;

[0038] Fig. 8 - General view of the drawbar with flange;

[0039] Fig. 9 - General view of a fully folded drawbar with flange;

[0040] Fig. 10 - Enlarged view of the side stop guide;

[0041] Fig. 11 - Side view of the mobile frontal fence;

[0042] Fig. 12 - Top view of the mobile frontal fence, reflecting the initial stage of crushing of the mobile frontal fence when hitting at an angle; Fig. 13 - Top view of the mobile frontal fence, reflecting the second stage of crushing of the mobile frontal fence when hitting at an angle;

[0043] Fig. 14 - Top view of the mobile frontal barrier, reflecting the final stage of crushing of the mobile frontal barrier when hitting at an angle.

[0044] Implementation of the invention

[0045] As shown in Fig. 11, the mobile fence (100) can perform its function in conjunction with a freight transport (200) in motion or at a standstill, or stationary alone, but with an auxiliary load (400) simulating the mass of a freight transport.

[0046] As shown in Fig. 1, the mobile fence (100) is made in the form of a wheeled trailer, on the frame of which energy-absorbing elements are placed. The frame is made of a front frame (60) and a rear frame (30) connected to each other. The front frame (60) is installed with the possibility of axial movement along the longitudinal elements of the frame, installed on the rear frame (30).

[0047] On the rear side of the mobile fence (100), namely on the side where the vehicle is running over, a rear panel (10) is installed, which is a rigid frame made of a longitudinal (11) and transverse (12) metal profile, completely or partially covered along one of the large planes with a casing (13) made of sheet material, on the surface (14) of which optical devices, clearance markings and information are located (Fig. 2).

[0048] The rear panel (10) functionally serves as a bumper that absorbs the impact of a vehicle (300) and transmits the impact force to the fixed energy-absorbing element of the first row (20).

[0049] When the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) is deformed and crushed, the rear panel (10) moves along the longitudinal axis of the mobile fence (100), towards the rear frame (30), which is the central unit of the mobile fence (100) (Fig. 3a).

[0050] The front frame (60) is made in the form of a coupling device (70) with a coupling loop (1) mounted on the front frame (60) using a telescopic energy-absorbing element. In this case, the front frame (60) is mounted with the possibility of axial movement along the longitudinal elements of the frame mounted on the rear frame (30). As shown in Fig. 7-9, the coupling device (70) is a structure having an end metal plate (71) of a square / rectangular / round shape with holes (171) that can be equally repeated and serve to fasten the coupling loop (1) and the telescopic energy-absorbing element, on both sides of which end stops (165a, 1656) are mounted on the front frame (60), and the coupling loop (1) protrudes beyond the end stops (165a, 1656) along the frame axis.The telescopic energy-absorbing element is made of at least one guide profile (72a, 726), installed with the possibility of telescopic movement inside at least one sleeve (161a, 1616), fixed to the front frame (60), wherein the sleeve (161a, 1616) contains at least one energy-absorbing plate (162a, 1626).

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the telescopic energy-absorbing element comprises two metal guide profiles (72a, 726) located on one side of the edge of the plate (71), fixed with one end on this edge and directed along the longitudinal plane.

[0052] On two opposite faces of the guide profile (72a, 726) there is a through longitudinal groove (172a, 1726), while on two opposite faces of the sleeve (161a, 1616) there is also a corresponding through longitudinal groove (182a, 1826).

[0053] To fix the coupling device (70) when moving in a hitch with a tractor, excluding unintentional exit from the sleeve (161a, 1616), a rod lock (2a, 26) is used, passing through the through longitudinal groove (172a, 1726) and the through longitudinal groove (182a, 1826). The presence of these grooves ensures the possibility of mutual movement of the profile (72a, 726) and the sleeve (161a, 1616) with the rod lock (2a, 26) installed. When the coupling device (70) is fully folded (Fig. 8), the rod lock (2a, 26) passes along the through longitudinal groove (182a, 1826) of the sleeve (161a, 1616) and the through longitudinal groove (172a, 1726) of the guide profile (72a, 726). Thus, this does not limit the travel of the coupling device and gives it full travel along the entire length of the sleeve, and the rod lock (2a, 26) does not limit the travel of the coupling device and gives it full travel along the entire length of the sleeve.

[0054] The sleeve (161a, 1616) also comprises at least one energy-absorbing plate (162a, 1626) on the inner surface, in the form of a bend protruding inward, on at least 2 opposite faces of the sleeve (161a, 1616). On the end face of the guide profile (72a, 726) opposite the plate (71), there is a striker (173a, 1736), which deforms the energy-absorbing plates (162a, 1626) when moving.

[0055] The energy-absorbing plates (162a, 1626) and the strikers (173a, 1736) resting on them provide stability against premature folding during braking after the tractor has completed its movement. Directly in motion, the striker (173a, 1736) deforms all the energy-absorbing plates (162a, 1626) that previously limited its movement.

[0056] Energy-absorbing plates (162a, 1626) also allow to exclude deformations of the main elements of the mobile fencing at low collision energy. These structural elements absorb part of the collision energy, which in the total sum of the entire energy capacity of the mobile fencing allows to further reduce ASI overloads at collision with a vehicle (300).

[0057] The end stops (165a, 1656) rest against the chassis frame (210) of the vehicle (200) or against the auxiliary load (400) when driving over. The end stops (165a, 1656) ensure stable operation of the mobile fence (100) by eliminating rotation relative to the connection point of the mobile fence (100) via the coupling loop (1) with the vehicle (200) along the yaw axis and along the pitch axis. Such rotation may occur, in particular, when driving over the vehicle (300) at an angle to the end surface of the fence. This also minimizes the probability of the vehicle turning when driving over the vehicle at an angle to the end surface of the fence.

[0058] On the rear frame (30) longitudinal frame elements are installed, at least one wheel axle (85), as well as at least one first row energy-absorbing element (20), made in the form of an energy-absorbing cartridge.

[0059] Between the front frame (60) and the rear frame (30), at least one energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) is installed, also made in the form of an energy-absorbing cartridge.

[0060] The energy-absorbing elements of the first (20) and second (40) rows are energy-absorbing cartridges. The design of the cartridges may be different, but the preferred design is in the form of a honeycomb structure, for example, as disclosed in documents KR101376170B1, CN214033517U, CN104213527A. The most preferred design of the energy-absorbing cartridge is in the form of a honeycomb structure, the cells of which are made in the form of straight hexagonal prisms formed by triangular sheet elements with bent shelves, by means of which the connection of adjacent sheet elements is carried out (in accordance with application RU 2022117857).

[0061] The energy-absorbing elements of the first row (20) are fixed with one end to the rear frame (30) using bolted connections directly to the vertical profiles of the rear frame structure (30) through through holes in both bodies.

[0062] The energy-absorbing elements of the second row (40) are fixed with one end to the rear frame (30) using bolted connections directly to the vertical profiles of the rear frame structure (30) through through holes in both bodies, and with the other end they are fixed to the front frame (60) using bolted connections directly to the vertical profiles of the front frame structure (60) through through holes in both bodies.

[0063] The longitudinal elements of the frame have a U-shape and include horizontally oriented guides (55 a, 556) and side stops (50 a, 506), made in the form of profiles with a closed cross-section, in particular rectangular, square, round, etc.

[0064] The horizontally oriented guides (55 a, 556) functionally set the direction of folding of the mobile fence (100) and guide the vehicle (300) fixed by the grips (80) (Fig. 6). The movement is carried out through the enclosing elements (90) (Fig. 10).

[0065] The side stops (50a, 506) rest against the underride guards (220) of the vehicle (200) or against the auxiliary load (400) when driving over. This provides additional stability when folding and ensures stable operation of the mobile fence (100) by eliminating the torque that may arise from the residual inertia of the driving vehicle and eliminating critical crushing of the mobile fence (100), which allows the mobile fence to be used repeatedly.

[0066] The enclosing elements (90) repeat the contour of the horizontally oriented guides (55a, 556), which allows them to be fully embraced and create the maximum contact area. The enclosing elements (90) are mounted on the front frame (60) by means of flanges (190). The arrangement is performed rigidly, through pins (191a, 1916, 191b, 191g) on ​​the flanges (190) of the front frame (60). For stable longitudinal sliding through the enclosing elements (90) and also for the purpose of eliminating jamming and bending, bends (192a, 1926, 192b) are located on the input end along the edges, and a rib bend (193) is located on the input end of the flange (190), which allow, at the critical moment of bending of the horizontally oriented guides (55a, 556), to avoid jamming in the event of possible beating of the longitudinal elements of the frame both in the vertical and horizontal directions when moving the profile.

[0067] Functionally, the bends prevent jamming in the event of possible beating of the longitudinal elements of the frame both in the vertical and horizontal directions when moving the profile.

[0068] Every year the model range of modern cars increases, with body types from sedans to pickups. In this regard, the range of weights and ground clearance increases. "Diving" of a car with low ground clearance, having a low center of gravity, is dangerous. Since upon impact, when the front of the car contacts the trailer and the speed begins to slow down, all the kinetic energy of the car tends to go to its front part, thereby causing a torque moment relative to the center of gravity of the car with a positive value. Since the car has two rolling support points (front axle and rear axle), the front shock absorbers are compressed on the car, which leads to a decrease in ground clearance in the front part and an increase in ground clearance at the rear of the car, which increases the likelihood of "diving".

[0069] For stable vehicle entry, grips (80) (Fig. 2) are installed on the lower part of the rear frame (30). When entering, the grip goes under the bottom of the vehicle (300) (Fig. 5, 6) and does not allow slipping off due to the existing teeth (81) located on the inclined edge.

[0070] Functionally, these grips (80) are designed to catch / fix the front part of the car to prevent "diving". Since the inertia of the collision, when braking the vehicle (300) moves from the central part to the nose, which gives the effect of "diving". Thus, in particular, additional stability of the mobile fence operation is ensured when a vehicle runs into the end surface of the fence at an angle. Thus, the grips (80) allow to exclude the influence on the operation of the mobile fence (100) of various factors, such as the position of the deformation force elements of the vehicle, its ground clearance, bumper geometry, the position of the height of the center of gravity.

[0071] The choice of the rigidity of the energy-absorbing elements is determined by the sequence of transmission of the impact energy from the end to the beginning of the mobile barrier (100) and is based on the requirements for obtaining the value of permissible overloads ASI for a light-weight passenger car of 900-1000 kg and a passenger car weighing 2000-2400 kg. The energy-absorbing elements that work first have a lower rigidity. They allow to absorb the initial impact of the vehicle (300). Such a choice of rigidity is necessary to maintain the ASI value for the vehicle (300) at the initial moment at a low level. This function is performed by the energy-absorbing elements of the first row (20).

[0072] Then the telescopic energy-absorbing element and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) come into operation. They can work sequentially or simultaneously depending on the mode of the first-row energy-absorbing element (20), the telescopic energy-absorbing element and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) set during design. There can be 2 variants of such modes, namely:

[0073] - sequential - first the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) operates, then the telescopic energy-absorbing element, and then the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) comes into operation;

[0074] - series-parallel - first the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) operates, and then the telescopic energy-absorbing element and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) simultaneously or almost simultaneously begin to operate.

[0075] In this case, the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) can continue to operate at the moment the telescopic energy-absorbing element and / or the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) begin to operate, and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) can be deformed and begin to operate when energy is transferred to the telescopic energy-absorbing element.

[0076] The telescopic energy-absorbing element absorbs less energy compared to the energy-absorbing elements of the first (20) and second (40) rows. Its main function is to stabilize the operation of the device during a side impact and an impact at an angle to the end surface of the fence. When the telescopic energy-absorbing element is folded, the end stops (165a, 1656) rest against the frame of the vehicle (200) or an auxiliary load (400). This does not allow the device to deviate significantly to the left or right during a side impact or an impact at an angle to the end surface of the fence (Fig. 7).

[0077] The second element, which increases the stabilization described above, are the side stops (50a, 506), which rest against the underride guards (220) of the vehicle (200) or the auxiliary load (400) during operation of the energy-absorbing elements of the second row (40). During operation of the energy-absorbing elements of the second row (40), the horizontally oriented guides (55a, 556) are set in motion, which in turn move the side stops (50a, 506), i.e. the longitudinal elements of the frame of the mobile fence (100), including the horizontally oriented guides (55a, 556) and the side stops (50a, 506), move telescopically, thereby additionally preventing the device from deflecting during a side impact.

[0078] In this way, the elements of the frame of the mobile fence (100) do not allow the energy-absorbing elements of the second row (40) to tilt up or down, and, at the same time, if the impact occurs at an angle to the end surface of the mobile fence (100), uniform support of the side stops (50a, 506) occurs.

[0079] The energy-absorbing elements of the second row (40) have greater rigidity compared to the energy-absorbing elements of the first row (20) to absorb the main part of the energy transmitted from the vehicle (300).

[0080] To determine the optimal geometric parameters of energy-absorbing elements, virtual tests of the value matrix are carried out and, based on the data obtained, the elements are combined based on the conditions described above and repeated virtual tests of the already combined elements are carried out, then full-scale tests are carried out to confirm the previously obtained results.

[0081] The device works as follows.

[0082] Below are examples of the operation of the mobile frontal fence with the selected sequential mode of entry into operation of the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20), the telescopic energy-absorbing element and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40).

[0083] At the moment of the vehicle’s collision with the mobile fence (100) (Fig. 3a), the kinetic energy of the moving object is transmitted through the rear panel (10) and the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) to the entire structure of the mobile fence.

[0084] The rear panel (10) transmits the impact force to the fixed energy-absorbing element of the first row (20). When the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) is deformed and crushed, the rear panel (10) moves along the longitudinal axis of the mobile fence (100), towards the rear frame (30) (Fig. 3a).

[0085] When driven over, the grips go under the bottom of the vehicle (300) (Fig. 4) and prevent slipping off them with the help of the existing teeth (81) (Fig. 5, 6).

[0086] During the collision, after the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) is folded, the entire mobile barrier (100) moves as a whole (Fig. 36). In this case, the vehicle (200) or auxiliary load (400) remains motionless or almost motionless, since the transmitted collision energy from the vehicle (300) is not transmitted at the moment of collision. The same effect will occur during the joint movement of the vehicle (200) and the mobile barrier (100), until the speed of movement of the mobile barrier (100) under the impact of the vehicle (300) is higher than the speed of movement of the vehicle (200).

[0087] The coupling device (70) connected via the coupling loop (1) also remains stationary. In this case, the front frame (60) runs onto the coupling device (70), the guide profiles (72a, 726) of which are installed in the sleeves (161a, 1616) of the front frame (60) (Fig. 36, 7), until the end stops (165a, 1656) rest against the chassis frame (210) of the vehicle (200) or against the auxiliary load (400).

[0088] When the coupling device (70) is fully folded into the sleeve (161a, 1616) (Fig. 8), the rod lock (2a, 26) passes along the through longitudinal groove (182a, 1826) of the sleeve (161a, 1616) (Fig. 9). Directly in motion, the striker (173a, 1736) deforms all the energy-absorbing plates (162a, 1626) that previously limited its movement.

[0089] During further approach, after the guide profile (72a, 726) of the coupling device (70) enters the sleeve (161a, 1616) and sets the position of the front frame (60), the rear frame (30) moves, which, during movement, deforms the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) (Fig. 3b).

[0090] In this case, longitudinal elements of the frame move along the axis of the mobile fence together with the rear frame (30). The movement of the longitudinal elements of the frame, namely the horizontally oriented guides (55a, 556), is carried out through the enclosing elements (90). The horizontally oriented guides (55a, 556) move until the side stops (50a, 506) stop against the underride guards (220) of the vehicle (200) (Fig. 4) or the auxiliary load (400).

[0091] In the event of a vehicle (300) colliding with a mobile fence (100) (Fig. 12) at an angle to the end surface of the mobile fence (100), the kinetic energy of the moving object is transmitted through the rear panel (10) and the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) to the entire structure of the mobile fence, creating a torsional moment due to the non-coaxial trajectory of the inertia of the vehicle (300) colliding with and the longitudinal axis of the mobile fence (100).

[0092] The rear panel (10) transmits the torque from the impact force to the fixed energy-absorbing element of the first row (20). When the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) is deformed and crushed, the rear panel (10) moves along the longitudinal axis of the mobile fence (100), towards the rear frame (30) (Fig. 12).

[0093] During the collision, after the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) is folded, the entire mobile fence (100) moves as a whole (Fig. 13).

[0094] In this case, the vehicle (200) or auxiliary load (400) remains motionless or almost motionless, since the inertia of the transmitted energy of the collision from the vehicle (300) to the vehicle (200), at the moment of the collision, has not been transmitted. The same effect will occur during the joint movement of the vehicle (200) and the mobile fence (100), until the moment when the speed of the mobile fence (100) under the impact of the vehicle (300) is higher than the speed of the vehicle (200).

[0095] The coupling device (70) connected via the coupling loop (1) also remains stationary. In this case, the front frame (60) runs onto the coupling device (70), the guide profiles (72a, 726) of which are installed in the sleeves (161a, 1616) of the front frame (60) (Fig. 7), until the end stops (165a, 1656) rest against the chassis frame (210) of the vehicle (200) or against the auxiliary load (400). When the coupling device (70) is fully folded into the sleeve (161a, 1616) (Fig. 8), the rod lock (2a, 26) passes along the through longitudinal groove (182a, 1826) of the sleeve (161a, 1616) (Fig. 9). Directly in motion, the striker (173a, 1736) deforms all the energy-absorbing plates (162a, 1626) that previously limited its movement.

[0096] During further approach, after the guide profile (72a, 726) of the coupling device (70) enters the sleeve (161a, 1616) and sets the position of the front frame (60), the rear frame (30) moves, which, during movement, deforms the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) (Fig. 14).

[0097] At the same time, the longitudinal elements of the frame move together with the rear frame (30), to which the moment of rotation along the axis of the mobile fence is transmitted.

[0098] The movement of the longitudinal elements of the frame, namely the horizontally oriented guides (55a, 556), is carried out through the enclosing elements (90), depending on the force of the impact of the vehicle (300), does not occur simultaneously. In the case of a strong impact, only one horizontally oriented guide (55a) moves until the side stops (50a) stop against the underride guard (220) of the vehicle (200) (Fig. 14) or the auxiliary load (400), since it is this guide that is subject to the torsional moment from the inertia of the collision. This stop prevents further torsion of the guardrail (100) of the mobile front and prevents further movement of the vehicle (300).

Claims

CLAUSES OF THE INVENTION 1. A mobile frontal fence (100) made in the form of a wheeled trailer, on the frame of which energy-absorbing elements are placed, characterized in that the frame is made from a front frame (60) and a rear frame (30) connected to each other, wherein: the front frame (60) is made in the form of a coupling device with a coupling loop (1) mounted on the front frame (60) with the help of a telescopic energy-absorbing element, on both sides of which end stops (165a, 1656) are mounted, and the coupling loop (1) protrudes beyond the end stops (165a, 1656) along the axis of the frame, wherein the front frame (60) is installed with the possibility of axial movement along the longitudinal elements of the frame mounted on the rear frame (30); at least one wheel axle is installed on the rear frame (30), as well as at least one energy-absorbing element of the first row (20), made in the form of an energy-absorbing cartridge;between the front frame (60) and the rear frame (30) at least one energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) is installed, made in the form of an energy-absorbing cartridge, wherein the selection of the rigidity of the energy-absorbing elements is carried out based on the specified mode of entry into operation of the energy-absorbing elements; 2. The fence according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it contains a rear panel (10) installed on the rear end of the energy-absorbing cartridge of the first row.

3. The fence according to item 1, characterized in that the telescopic energy-absorbing element is made of at least one guide profile (72a, 726), installed with the possibility of telescopic movement inside at least one sleeve (161a, 1616), secured to the front frame (60), wherein the sleeve (161a, 1616) contains at least one energy-absorbing plate (162a, 1626).

4. The fence according to paragraph 3, characterized in that the energy-absorbing elements (162a, 1626) are made in the form of plates bent inward into the sleeve (161a, 1616) and are designed with the possibility of interaction with the guide profile (72a, 726).

5. The fence according to paragraph 3, characterized in that the guide profile (72a, 726) and the sleeve (161a, 1616) contain through longitudinal grooves in which a rod retainer (2a, 26) is installed.

6. The fence according to paragraph 3, characterized in that the guide profile (72a, 726) contains strikers (173a, 1736) designed to act on the energy-absorbing elements (162a, 1626).

7. The fence according to item 1, characterized in that the fence additionally contains at least one grip (80) mounted on the rear frame (30).

8. The fence according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one grip (80) contains teeth (81).

9. The fence according to item 1, characterized in that the front frame (60) is equipped with enclosing elements (90) with bends (192a, 192b, 192b) that enclose the longitudinal elements of the frame.

10. The fence according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it can perform its function in conjunction with a vehicle (200), both in motion and when parked, or stationary alone, with the help of an auxiliary load (400).

11. A fence according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the longitudinal elements of the frame have a U-shape and include horizontally oriented guides (55a, 556) and side stops (50a, 506), made in the form of profiles.

12. The fence according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the mode of entry into operation of the energy-absorbing elements is sequential, namely, the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) enters into operation first, the telescopic energy-absorbing element second, and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) third.

13. The fence according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the mode of entry into operation of the energy-absorbing elements is series-parallel, namely, the energy-absorbing element of the first row (20) enters into operation first, and then the telescopic energy-absorbing element and the energy-absorbing element of the second row (40) enter into operation simultaneously or almost simultaneously.