Magnetic axial flux motor comprising permanent magnets

Abstract

The present invention relates to an axial flux motor built with paramagnetic materials, the rotor and stator of which are made up of respective discs carrying opposing permanent magnets with opposite polarities and with a certain inclination that generates a tangential repulsion force component that causes the angular movement of the rotor. The motor has the particular feature of including adjustment means for adjusting the relative position between the two discs that form the rotor and stator, such that it is possible to control the starting and stopping of the motor, as well as the different revolution rates offered by the same.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] Permanent magnet axial flux magnetic motor.

[0003] TECHNICAL SECTOR

[0004] The present invention relates to a motor constructed with paramagnetic materials whose stator is composed of a determined number of permanent magnets, placed in such a way that all of them have the polarity oriented in the same direction and whose rotor also has an equal or different number of magnets than the stator with the same orientation, leaving the rotor and stator in magnetic repulsion, with said configuration forming an autonomous motor that does not use any type of external power source for its operation.

[0005] The object of the invention is to provide an axial flux magnetic motor that, in addition to not using any type of external power source for its operation, includes means that allow its start-up, speed and stop to be regulated without the need for auxiliary sources.

[0006] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0007] Although there are countless attempts to create motors based on permanent magnets established in both the rotor and the stator, based on the magnetic repulsion force that they exert on each other by virtue of an appropriate arrangement, distribution and orientation, the reality is that this type of motors have never prospered, and one of the fundamental reasons is because they do not include regulation means that allow controlling their start-up, power regulation and stop.

[0008] EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The engine proposed by the invention fills the technical gap described above based on a highly effective solution.

[0010] To this end, and more specifically, the invention is comprised of two discs made of paramagnetic material arranged parallel to one another, on which a plurality of permanent magnets are distributed around the perimeter and equiangularly, at a certain inclination. Thus, one of the discs of the axial flux magnetic motor of the invention is intended to constitute the motor's stator, while the other constitutes its rotor, and is consequently associated with the corresponding output shaft. It should be noted that the particularity of the invention resides in that the poles of the magnets are always arranged with the same magnetic orientation, in which the same pole (whether north or south) always faces the stator if integrated into the rotor, or vice versa.In this way, the angles formed by the magnets of each piece are identical, so that the repulsion force is maximum, and a tangential component is defined that causes the displacement of the rotor disc, by virtue of said inclination between permanent magnets.

[0011] Thus, the present invention is defined in accordance with the set of claims accompanying this specification. It should be noted that the rotor and stator are each comprised of a disc, the rotor axis passing through the stator, such that a plurality of permanent magnets are distributed over the surface of the faces facing both discs, in an inclined and complementary arrangement, such that a repulsive force is generated between them which, due to the relative inclination with respect to the rotor and stator, generates a force component tangential to said rotor, the motor having been provided with means for regulating the separation between the two discs constituting the rotor and stator.

[0012] In accordance with another of the essential characteristics of the invention, the inclusion of a specific mechanism has been planned so that the engine starts, remains running and can be stopped and, in addition, this mechanism can be either autonomous - that is, capable of changing the torque of the engine according to the needs -, or manual - that is, its torque can also be adjusted according to the needs -.

[0013] More specifically, the motor's starting and power regulation mechanism consists of a mechanism for regulating the proximity between the two discs that make up the rotor and the stator.

[0014] To do this, the rotor shaft will pass through a hole made in the disc that constitutes the stator, being able to approach and move away from it, such that it is linked to it through a mechanism acting as a stop on which said shaft can rotate freely, but which is linked to it axially, such that the axial displacement of said mechanism acting as a stop causes the same axial displacement of the rotor shaft.

[0015] This mechanism, acting as a stop, has threaded holes through which worm screws pass, which are connected to the stator body, so that the distance between the rotor and stator can be regulated by means of a mechanism that drives said worm screws.

[0016] In this way, in a stopped or inoperative situation, the rotor disc will be sufficiently separated from the stator disc so that the magnetic repulsion of the magnets of one and the other element is insufficient to move the rotor. Meanwhile, to start said motor, it will be sufficient to operate the worm screws that progressively bring the rotor disc closer to the stator disc, thus achieving a smooth and progressive start-up until reaching the point of maximum repulsion and consequently maximum motor power, the stopping maneuver being the inverse of that just described.

[0017] The drive of the worm screws may be managed manually or automatically, without affecting the essence of the invention.

[0018] This results in a motor that is perfectly adjustable in terms of start-up, power control, and shutdown; easily scalable to different power levels, and requiring no more energy than that needed to move the discs in its rotor and stator closer together and further apart.

[0019] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] To complement the description that follows and in order to help better understand the characteristics of the invention, in accordance with a preferred example of practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, in which the following is represented for illustrative and non-limiting purposes: Figure 1.- Shows a profile view of an axial flux permanent magnet magnetic motor made in accordance with the object of the present invention in an inoperative or stopped situation.

[0021] Figure 2.- Shows a view similar to that of figure 1, but in which the engine appears in an operational situation.

[0022] Figure 3.- Shows an interior plan view of the distribution of the magnets on the rotor disc, a distribution that is reproduced in a complementary manner on the stator disc.

[0023] Figure 4.- Finally, it shows an external plan view of the motor, at the level of the mechanism that regulates the separation between the discs that participate in the rotor and the stator.

[0024] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

[0025] In view of the figures shown, the motor of the invention is made up of a pair of discs made of paramagnetic material, which constitute the rotor (1) and the stator (2), discs which have the same diameter and which face each other in parallel through their centres, the stator (2) including a hole through which the output shaft (5) passes, which is integral with the rotor through a fixing element (12), whilst the stator (2) will include bearings (6) which, as will be seen later, not only allow the output shaft (5) to rotate within it, but also its axial displacement.

[0026] According to figures 1 to 3, on the perimetric edge of each of the discs that make up the rotor (1) and the stator (2), as well as optionally on its intermediate surface (not shown in the figures), a plurality of permanent magnets [(3), (3')] are distributed perimetrically and equiangularly, with a certain inclination, so that the poles of the magnets are always arranged with the same magnetic orientation, in which the same pole, (whether north or south), always faces the stator if it is integrated into the rotor and vice versa, the angles formed by the magnets of one piece and the other being identical, in order for the repulsion force to be maximum, and a tangential component is defined that causes the displacement of the rotor disc, by virtue of said inclination between permanent magnets.As previously stated, to control the start, rotation speed and stop of the axial flux magnetic motor it is enough to control the separation between the discs that make up the rotor (1) and the stator (2).

[0027] For this purpose, the end opposite to the operating end of the output shaft (5) of the rotor and which passes through the stator (2) ends in a mechanism acting as a stop, including a peripheral flange (13) integral with the shaft, which is linked to axial bearings (14) established between a pair of plates (11) that determine the mechanism acting as a stop, plates (11) that include threaded holes in their peripheral edge, through which worm screws (7) pass, the end of which is integral with a pinion (10) that meshes with a central gear (9) whose drive causes the synchronized rotation of the worms (7) and consequently the movement in the direction of approach or distance of one disc with respect to another, this mechanism being partially covered by a protective casing (4), so that the pinions (10) and central gear (9) are the only elements external to this protective casing (4) integral with the stator, such and as shown in figure 4.

[0028] From this structuring, and as previously described, acting on the central gear (9) in one direction or another, whether in a mechanical, manual or automated manner, the approach or separation between the disks carrying the permanent magnets can be regulated, and therefore control the tangential component of the force generated in the rotor by virtue of the relative position between said magnets, in order to start the motor smoothly and progressively, as well as accelerate it to the maximum power offered by said motor, which will correspond to the maximum approach limit provided for said disks, as well as decelerate or stop it definitively, depending on the degree of separation between them.

Claims

CLAIMS 1 a.- Magnetic motor with axial flux permanent magnets, being of the type composed of a rotor (1) integral with an output shaft (5) and a stator (2), both obtained from diamagnetic materials, and including permanent magnets [(3), (3')] oriented with facing polarizations, characterized in that the rotor (1) and the stator (2) are each constituted by a disk, the axis of the rotor (1) passing through the stator (2), so that on the surface of the faces facing both disks a plurality of permanent magnets [(3), (3')] are distributed, in an inclined and complementary arrangement, so that a repulsive force is generated between them which, due to the relative inclination with respect to the rotor (1) and stator (2), generates a force component tangential to said rotor (1), it having been foreseen that the motor includes means for regulating the separation between the two disks that constitute the rotor (1) and stator (2). 2 a .- Permanent magnet axial flux magnetic motor, according to claim 1 a , characterized in that the stator (2) includes a hole through which the output shaft (5) passes, which is integral with the rotor through a fixing element (12), while the stator (2) includes bearings (6) that allow the output shaft (5) to rotate within it, as well as its axial displacement. 3 a .- Permanent magnet axial flux magnetic motor, according to claim 1 a, characterized in that the means for regulating the separation between the two discs that make up the rotor (1) and the stator (2) are embodied in a peripheral flange (13) that is integral with the rotor shaft (1), which is linked to axial bearings (14) established between a pair of plates (11) that determine a mechanism that functions as a stop within a protective casing (4) integral with the stator (2); plates (11) that include threaded holes in their peripheral edge, through which worm screws (7) pass, the end of which is integral with a pinion (10) that meshes with a central gear (9) whose drive causes the synchronized rotation of the worms (7) and consequently the movement in the direction of approach or withdrawal of one disc with respect to another. 4 a .- Permanent magnet axial flux magnetic motor, according to claims 1 a and 3 a, characterized in that the means of regulating the separation between the two discs that They constitute the rotor (1) and the stator (2) and include manual mechanical drive means. 5 a .- Permanent magnet axial flux magnetic motor, according to claims 1 a and 3 a , characterized in that the means for regulating the separation between the two discs that constitute the rotor (1) and the stator (2) include automated mechanical drive means.

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