Graphene-integrated bioelectronic sensor for continuous biomarker monitoring and management

Abstract

Continuous and real-time monitoring of physiological biomarkers is essential for early diagnosis, effective disease management, and personalized healthcare delivery. The present invention discloses a graphene-integrated bioelectronic sensor system designed for continuous, label-free detection and management of clinically relevant biomarkers in biological fluids such as blood, sweat, saliva, and interstitial fluid. The system employs a functionalized graphene transduction layer with exceptional electrical conductivity, high surface-to-volume ratio, and biocompatibility to achieve ultra-sensitive and rapid biomolecular detection. Selective biomarker recognition is enabled through surface functionalization using aptamers, antibodies, or enzyme-based receptors. Electrical signals generated by biomarker interactions are processed using low-power signal conditioning electronics and analyzed through embedded artificial intelligence and machine learning models for trend analysis, anomaly detection, and predictive health assessment. Processed data is wirelessly transmitted to external devices or cloud platforms for real-time monitoring and remote patient management. The invention supports flexible and wearable configurations, enabling scalable, long-term, and personalized healthcare solutions.