An ionic liquid electrolyte replaces aqueous KOH to curb corrosion, widen the electrochemical window, and extend metal hydride battery life.
Adding phosphoric acid to cathode water spray enables evaporative cooling in HTPEM fuel cells without depleting electrolyte.
Quaternary ammonium agents in a zinc-bromine electrolyte bind halogen species to cut self-discharge, pressure buildup, and cycle instability.
A fuel cell component integrates a polymer flap extending from an impregnated edge to form a structural seal.
Isolated spacer reservoirs intercept accumulating phosphoric acid, preventing flooding while reducing pressure plate thickness.