A bile barrier seals the gallbladder interior to block wall contact, reducing calculus formation and recurrent cholecystitis with less invasive treatment.
A gallbladder-duodenum fistula and bypass tube reroute bile from the cystic duct to suppress recurrence and calculus formation with less invasiveness.
Bile is diverted from the cystic duct to the duodenum through a secured bypass tube, reducing invasiveness while limiting stone-related recurrence.
Controlled zinc-ion release from a porous implant coating inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation while avoiding toxic tissue concentrations.
A photodegradable layer liquefies under light, decouples from the coating, and restores stent patency without surgery.
Magnetic nanoparticles in a stent's thermo-responsive layer liquefy under an external field, removing biofilms and restoring lumen patency without surgery.
Segmented membrane coverage on the stent scaffold anchors the device via tissue ingrowth while preserving an uncovered medial zone for fluid drainage.
A non-expandable stent uses a curved proximal portion and distal retaining member to anchor within the biliary duct.
Segmented mesh filters prevent stone migration without radial expansion, reducing surgical interventions for gallbladder and kidney obstructions.