A nested cutting tool inside a furrow-guided sleeve extends crash energy absorption path and time without needing extra vehicle space.
A hydraulic damping plug and return piston smooth rail collision deceleration while enabling repeated energy absorption after impact.
A reversible buffer handles normal impacts, while stepped cutting absorbs excess loads to improve durability across varying impact magnitudes.
A reversible buffer handles minor impacts while cutting absorbs overloads, improving durability and stabilizing impact absorption.
Rotating bodies built into the axial bearing restore rail coupling shafts to center while cutting installation space, wear, and component count.
Radar and imaging data adjust train coupler impact force so collision energy is absorbed more evenly across vehicles, reducing localized damage.