An air inlet extension without radial openings preserves swirl flow to optimize air-fuel mixing and reduce NOx emissions.
Spiral vane passages induce swirling airflow that stabilizes flame shape while extending vertical length through centrifugal force.
Mechanical timer and impact sensors close a retractable lid to extinguish candle flames without electronic power dependency.
A transformable wick device uses flexible connections between modular bodies to alter flame shape dynamically.
An intermediate storage volume within the porous medium prevents direct fuel passage and ensures uniform distribution.