An upside-down cell layout and carrying assembly improve battery space use, collision rigidity, and protection against cell damage.
A side restraint member placed close to the cover helps contain ejected gas, cut pack weight, and preserve module strength.
A cleavable valve, insulating holder, and hook structure release gas and prevent shorts in compact secondary batteries.
A pivoting modular battery housing enables one-person installation, easy service access, and scalable residential energy storage.
A friction-fit pressure relief cap vents runaway gas from sealed battery modules at a pressure threshold to prevent internal damage.