Crystalline corrosion-resistant films on metal separators cut pinholes and cracks, improving acid resistance and stack operating life.
Channel protrusions create turbulent coolant flow in a fuel cell bipolar plate, improving heat transfer and preventing overheating damage.
Non-parallel channel flanks guide in-plane material flow during embossing, creating wall thickness variation for better bipolar plate fluidics.
Elastic seals at separator, clamping, and frame interfaces absorb size variation to prevent gas and refrigerant leaks in fuel cell stacks.
Meandering and parallel channels balance pressure drop and reactant flow to prevent current density deterioration without enlarging the separator.
Layered seal materials block reactant and coolant leakage while resisting corrosion in severe fuel cell stack environments.
A recessed-pocket flow guide evens air and water distribution in a PEM fuel cell bipolar plate, helping prevent water blockage and improve stack efficiency.
A porous support with crosslinking groups captures degraded ion conductor, preventing leakage and extending membrane durability.
Conductive particles in a Cr2O3 intermediate layer cut resistance at the metal support, improving corrosion resistance and fuel cell output.
A lowered web and offset weld end crater strengthen separator plate channel crossings, reducing cracks, leaks, and pressure-pulsation damage.
An angled conductive rubber contact improves fuel cell voltage tapping on narrow bipolar plate edges while resisting vibration and short circuits.
An undulating plate structure absorbs compressive loads in PEM electrolyzers while preserving reliable electrical contact without plastic deformation.
A perimeter-surrounding distribution region cuts pressure loss and keeps fuel cell gas flow reliable during freeze starts.
A Hf-HfO2-amorphous carbon multilayer coating helps fuel cell bipolar plates resist corrosion, avoid peeling, and keep contact resistance low.
Z-shaped reactant channels and x-shaped coolant crossings cut pressure drop, improve flow uniformity, and shrink PEM fuel cell stacks.
Wavy ribs and lofted side plates increase fluid disturbance and perpendicular convection while preserving sealing in fuel cell bipolar plates.
Increasing cross-sections in stamped distribution fields improve edge-region gas supply and lower flow resistance in fuel cell plates.