Electrolysis adds hydrogen and oxygen to biomass gasification, improving syngas H2/CO ratio while reducing excess CO2 in renewable fuel production.
Plastic waste is sized, mixed into coker feed, and processed in existing cokers to raise liquid yield while limiting coke formation.
Alternating retort surfaces and zoned crossflow steam maintain pyrolysis temperature gradients, improving shale oil yield with lower energy use.
A zigzag multi-stage furnace and stable molten salt flow enable continuous plastic waste pyrolysis with more uniform heating and less clogging.