Rotor-speed feedback switches between one-phase and two-phase excitation to keep a stepping motor stable under load changes and high speed.
Added coaxial permanent magnets turn DC motor cogging into door-holding torque, reducing checker weight and wear while resisting external forces.
A capacitor-based recirculating discharge circuit cuts stepper motor coil discharge time and reuses stored energy to raise operating speed.
Interlocking servo control lets forming tools, pitch tools, and the cored bar be adjusted independently for faster, more precise spring setup.
PWM duty-cycle monitoring detects stepper motor stalls without Hall sensors, cutting driver complexity while protecting against overload damage.