Capacitance from wafer test structures and aligned probe pads enables fast, non-destructive measurement of metal recess depth without spectroscopy.
A ground-mounted tire wear detection system uses a presence sensor to activate measurement only when a vehicle approaches.
A marker locator uses multiple transmitters to generate activation signals and detect response signals for depth calculation.
Electromagnetic signals match atomic resonant frequencies to identify subsurface materials.
Motion sensor adjusts underground line locator filter bandwidth to resolve responsiveness and noise immunity trade-off.
A multi-layered wear sensor uses capacitance changes between plate-like conductors to monitor surface degradation.
Automated measuring apparatuses detect fastener hole depths and diameters using computerized optical systems.
A reluctance sensor measures tire tread thickness using a single coil and magnetic core.
Ferrite cores localize magnetic flux in tire tread sensors, resolving eddy current anisotropy errors while maintaining automated measurement accuracy.
A magnetic reluctance sensor measures tire tread thickness using alternating field excitation and flux density detection.