Structured channels and through holes in a metallized polymer electrode sheet improve liquid-gas transport while cutting PEM cell weight and material use.
High-sp2 boron-doped diamond surfaces use diamond-stabilised non-diamond carbon to raise ozone output while maintaining electrode stability.
Asymmetric oxygen vacancies and adjacent Mo clusters help CuWO4 hollow nanospheres suppress hydrogen evolution and boost ammonia yield.
An inclined photocatalytic cell uses controlled flow, venting, and photocatalyst-assisted iron ion reduction to cut electrolysis voltage for hydrogen generation.
V and F codoping in Co(OH)2 nanowires lowers OER overpotential while improving morphology stability and 72 h durability on carbon cloth.
A nickel adhesive coating and Ni-Fe or Ni-Co catalytic layer strengthen electrode fibers, cut activation resistance, and reduce membrane perforation.
A silver-modified electrode and proton-donating electrolyte drive nitrogen reduction while lowering overvoltage and energy use.
A precursor slurry is electrochemically oxidized on a conductive substrate to form catalyst particles that support lower-energy water electrolysis.
The high cost and instability of RuO2 and IrO2 limit OER; AACVD places NiS nanowires directly on conductive supports for water oxidation.
Cu deposition on 1T′ WS2 stabilizes metal sites and accelerates nitrate reduction, delivering at least 98% ammonia Faradaic efficiency.
Nickel-rich tie and catalytic coatings strengthen electrode fibres and reduce membrane perforation.
A silicon carbide electrode converts carbon fibers into durable photocatalytic structures.
Copper oxide antimony electrocatalysts replace expensive noble metals to achieve high selectivity and efficiency in carbon dioxide reduction.
Elliptical orifice structures homogenize reactant distribution to minimize thermal gradients and extend solid oxide cell lifetime.
Elongate apertures in diamond electrodes increase ozone production rates by maximizing aperture edge length per unit working area.
Ultra-small polyacrylic acid coated silver nanoparticles reduce overpotential requirements for water splitting while maintaining high catalytic stability.
Hierarchical copper nanofoams boost faradaic efficiency and propylene yield by enhancing intermediate residence time.
Binder-free FeNi alloy nanosheets on nickel foam achieve stable oxygen evolution with low overpotential by eliminating insulating polymer binders.