A segmented counter electrode stabilizes the liquid discharge path, concentrates the electric field, and boosts active ingredient generation.
Complementary fluid-tight modules let one paint changing setup feed multiple consumers while expanding coating supply channels with less hardware.
Strategic O-ring placement between the radial bearing and shaft center of gravity boosts damping and keeps gas-bearing spindle rotation stable.
Strategic O-ring placement and a smaller radial bearing help a gas-supported spindle cut whirling, stay compact, and rotate stably.
Magnetic rubber deforms under electromagnetic control to shape the porous medium channel.
A rigid spacing element positioned outside a vehicle body slot opening maintains the gap during electrostatic painting.
Liquid crystal layers coated on a polymeric substrate form an ultra-thin achromatic quarter wave film laminate.
A manufacturing method forms structural spacers on substrates coated with alignment films to create large cell gaps in liquid crystal lenses.
A monolithic plastic rear shell unifies the handle and barrel cover into a single injection-molded component.