A PMOS-resistor current source with a diode-connected NMOS keeps output current stable over temperature while reducing circuit area.
CTAT and PTAT current compensation keeps clock cycles stable across temperature changes while reducing power use in memory devices.
Combined CTAT, PTAT, and offset currents keep capacitor-based clock cycles linear across temperature changes with low power use.
Temperature-compensated MOS back-gate biasing stabilizes variable capacitance in VCOs, reducing frequency drift and PLL instability.