An annular anode-off-gas gathering portion directs exhaust toward a cathode gas path to improve combustion mixing within a compact fuel cell burner.
Preheating hydrocarbon fuel before injection ensures complete vaporization, preventing soot formation and extending catalyst life in auto-thermal reactors.
Oxygen transport membrane reactors combust PSA tail gas to supply heat for endothermic reforming reactions.
A piperidine-based liquid organic hydrogen carrier enables rapid dehydrogenation using a composite metal oxide catalyst.
Liquid coolant circulation through membrane wall tubes absorbs heat to prevent quench ring overheating and metal floor corrosion.