Internal SiO2 near the coating interface enables adhesion without a forsterite film, helping grain-oriented electrical steel cut iron loss.
Controlled austenite-to-dual-phase annealing refines texture and microstructure in non-oriented electrical steel sheet to cut iron loss and sustain flux density.
Controlled oxide film thickness and Si/Fe ratio prevent glass film formation, improving surface finish, magnetic properties, and yield.
Balanced Mo, Ti, Nb and bubbling suppress fine carbonitrides in electrical steel, improving permeability and productivity.
Surface-treated magnetic fillers improve resin adhesion, helping composites retain magnetic properties under cyclic mechanical strain.
Controlled coating thickness on groove walls cuts iron loss in grain-oriented electrical steel while preserving insulation and corrosion resistance.
Hydrotalcite in a PPS bonded magnet resin suppresses corrosive gas while preserving heat resistance, strength, and magnetic properties.
Dark etching resist enables low-output laser removal and narrow groove etching on electrical steel while limiting thermal damage and preserving magnetic properties.
Shifted multi-laser resist removal forms discontinuous groove lines that cut iron loss while limiting groove volume in grain-oriented electrical steel.
Controlled Sn segregation during decarburization annealing cuts iron loss and improves secondary coating adhesion in grain-oriented electrical steel.
An amorphous iron phosphate interlayer replaces forsterite to preserve coating adhesion while reducing iron loss and maintaining corrosion resistance.
Controlled α-γ transformation and intermediate annealing promote {100} grain growth in thin non-oriented electrical steel sheets for uniform magnetic properties.
Using a fluorine insulating film with permittivity of 5.0 or less reduces high-frequency eddy current loss without sacrificing magnetic permeability.
Controlled two-stage annealing and pre-annealing limit cold-rolling fracture in high-silicon electrical steel while improving flux density and iron loss.
Lithium molybdate added to Co2Z hexaferrite cuts magnetic and dielectric loss, enabling tunable GHz magnetodielectric performance.
Copper grain-boundary segregation and continuous annealing cut iron loss while preserving magnetic induction in non-oriented electrical steel.
Spinel formed at the steel-coating interface replaces forsterite film to cut iron loss while maintaining insulation coating adhesion.
Selective tensile stress by β-angle region refines magnetic domains to cut iron loss while limiting transformer noise.
Controlling ferrite carbon to 0.1% or less keeps magnetic resin printable while preserving permeability, strength, and crack resistance.
Laser-formed preferentially deformable grooves localize annealing strain in grain-oriented steel sheet, reducing trimming width and improving yield.
P-concentrated layers at the coating surface and steel interface preserve adhesion in thinner electrical steel coatings, improving stacking factor.
Controlling the Co/La ratio between grain boundaries and ferrite grains enables faster cutting while preserving magnetic characteristics.
Controlled Al and N levels plus precise nitriding during annealing keep precipitates uniform, improving magnetic consistency and reducing core loss.
Dynamic electron-beam focusing refines magnetic domains in grain-oriented electrical steel to cut iron loss without complex dual-side control.